USAID/CAMBODIA
STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE CLOSE OUT REPORT
SO Name: Other Activities in Support of Agency Objectives
SO Number: 442-008
Approval Date: 1992 and 1993
Geographic Area: Cambodia
Total Cost: $ 60,865,189
USAID:
Mission Funding DA $ 39,641,582
ESF 21,223,607
Sub Total USAID Funding $ 60,865,189
Less De-obligations 12,812,811
Total USAID Funding Obligated $ 73,678,000
Principle Implementing Partners:
The principle implementation partners include CARE, PACT, American Bar Association, 
Georgetown University, Development Alternatives Inc., International Human Rights Legal 
Group, University of San Francisco, IRIS – University of Maryland, Partners for Development, 
Helen Keller International, World Education, World Relief, Family Planning International
Assistance, Population Services International, Medecins Sans Frontiere and Reproductive 
Health Association of Cambodia. 
Background
After the Paris Peace Accords which ended decades of civil war in Cambodia were signed 
in1991, the United States was committed to helping Cambodia to rebuild its basic political, 
social and economic structures. The goal of the USAID program until 1993 was to support the 
Paris Agreement and the process leading up to the national election, until a government was 
installed in September 1993. During this period, there was no recognized government with 
which USAID could work. The program focused on relief and rehabilitation efforts. The 
genocide campaign of the Khmer Rouge period, along with starvation and diseases, had wiped 
out up to 25% of the population and decimated social, economic and government institutions 
across the board. Most educated Cambodians, and up to 75% of teachers and 90% of health 
workers had perished, and no young people received formal education during this period or the 
civil war which followed. Thus most institutions were too weak to absorb assistance. 
The Technical Support project was initiated in 1992 to enable the U.S. to respond with flexibility 
to Cambodia’s needs. The PVO Co-Financing project was authorized and funded in 1993. 
These two programs funded non-emergency programs, focusing on grants to non-government 
organizations (NGOs), both Cambodian and international. A major objective of USAID’s first 
strategy in Cambodia was to establish civil society organizations in each sector of USAID 
concern.
USAID/Cambodia
Close Out Report: S0 442-008
2
During the strategy period covering 1994-1997, USAID targeted assistance to promote 
democracy, good governance and continued improvement of human rights, as well as health, 
economic growth and civil society development. These two programs funded programs in all of 
these strategic areas. The 1997-2002 Strategic Plan continued these areas, and added Basic 
Education, to which SO8 did not contribute. As the Agency implemented its reengineered 
assistance framework, these two projects were combined into Strategic Objective 8 for Other 
Activities in Support of Agency Objectives. 
Thus SO8 supported multiple objectives during the start-up and first two strategy periods of the 
USAID/ Cambodia program. The SO provided a total of $73,678,000 through the Technical 
Support and PVO Co-Financing projects. Of the $73,678,000 obligated, $45.8 million was in 
support of PVO Co-Financing activities, and $14.5 million was for Technical Support. The start￾up dates of the activities funded range from 1992 to 1997, with the majority initiated in 1993 and 
1994. The activities supported programs in democracy and human rights, the rule of law, 
health, HIV/AIDS, economic growth, economic policy, war and landmine victims, community 
outreach, community water development, small scale irrigation, private sector development and 
environment. Personal service contracts for program implementation, as well as studies and 
evaluations, were funded under this SO. 
Of the total amount, $12.8 million was eventually de-obligated, as a result of program cutbacks 
after the 1997 political disturbances. The SO received its final obligation in 1997, and 
committed its last resources in 2002 for technical support. These residual activities, mainly 
personal services contracts and technical support, are planned to be expended by the final SO 
disbursement date of September 30, 2003. 
A list of activities funded is included in Tables I and 2, which are attached.
Summary of overall impact at SO level and IR level
SO8 activities constituted an integral part of the first Strategic Plan in 1994-1997, and funding 
was provided in anticipation of, and through, this plan period. The Mission was exempt from 
PRISM reporting until FY1998, per the strategy approval cable. This exemption was due to the 
unique deficiencies in Cambodian human and physical infrastructure and the limitations of the 
small USAID staff. The Mission was, however, responsible for achieving results and reporting 
on them, through the standard reporting requirements of Annual R4Reports (USAID/Cambodia 
Action Plan FY 1995-1997, p.6).
The activities funded under SO8 directly supported the three SOs in the 1994-1997 Strategic 
Plan: 
n strengthening the institutions of democratic governance;
n promoting sustainable economic growth; and
n increasing access to basic family services 
SO8 activities directly supported these three objectives. A list of grant and contract activities 
for each project is provided in the attached tables. 
USAID/Cambodia
Close Out Report: S0 442-008
3
The Mission proposed the following activities to implement the Strategic Plan:
n co-financing of PVO activities to address basic family services in health, vocational 
education, community development, rural savings and microenterprsie credit, care for 
displaced children and orphans, prosthetics and demining;
n democratic and governance initiatives to support better governance and help political 
institutions (including the National Assembly and public interest NGOs) to function 
better;
n technical support to improve government’s analytic capability and policy making; and
n emergency rural road repair to link economic growth centers.
SO8 activities also supported these objectives, with the exception of support to the National 
Assembly, which was withheld after 1998. In addition, SO8 activities supported the last two of 
the four areas of new activities to achieve results proposed by USAID/Cambodia in the Strategic 
Plan 1994-1997:
n training and provision of teaching materials for primary school teachers;
n rural roads/infrastructure rehabilitation;
n commodities and training in support of maternal health and birth spacing; and
n technical assistance and training for environmentally related planning and advocacy.
A summary of the use of SO8 funding is provided in the table below.
SO8 Funding for Other Strategic Objectives ($US)
SO8 Funding Technical Support PVO Co-Financing Total
Democracy/Governance 7,611,713 7,611,713
Economic Growth 2,466,241 3,833,753 6,299,994
Family Services: Health 47,050 17,874,587 17,921,637
Community Development 17,593,032 17,593,032
Humanitarian/War Victims 203,817 5,034,617 5,238,434
Administrative Support, 
Assessment/Evaluations 2,351,045 1,530,657 3,881,702
Unearmarked 3,530 3,530
Sub-total 14,951,664 45,913,525 60,865,189
De-obligated Funds 12,812,811
Total 73,678,000
SO8 activities have been assessed, monitored, and evaluated within the respective SOs and
SpOs to which they contributed. The activities were integrated in R4 reports for their respective 
SOs and SpPOs, and are reported in the respective close-out reports.
USAID/Cambodia
Close Out Report: S0 442-008
4
Significant changes in the Results Framework during the life of the SO 
Both PVO Co-Finance and technical support activities were refined, reformulated and integrated 
into new SOs and SpOs for the 1997-2002 Strategic Plan. Soon after this Strategic Plan was 
approved, the USAID program was curtailed owing to the political events of 1997. Activities 
under the second objective were largely eliminated at this time, and USAID implemented all 
other activities through non-government organizations. 
While SO8 was created as a specific strategic objective for program purposes, it continued to 
contribute to multiple objectives. The Action Plans or Annual Reports for the period during which 
the SO was active reported on its activities through the sector or humanitarian SOs and SpOs to 
which the activity contributed. The reader is referred to close-out reports for the Health, 
HIV/AIDS, Democracy/Governance and War and Mine Victims for details on the performance of 
the SO8.
Prospects for long-term sustainability of impact 
The evolution of the USAID/Cambodia program has witnessed the deepening and strengthening 
of Cambodian organizations in USAID areas of support. There has been sustainability of impact 
in all areas of USAID interventions, as reflected in applicable close-out reports, and in the shift 
to higher level results in the 2002-2005 Strategic Plan. 
Evaluations and special studies
USAID Reports
USAID/Cambodia Action Plan 1995-1997
Results Review and Resource Requests (R4): March 1997, February 1998, 
April 1999, April 2000, April 2001
Annual Budget Submission 1993
See also relevant SO and SpO Closeout Reports
Key contacts
USAID/Cambodia
Office of General Development 
Kevin A. Rushing, DVM, Director
Email: KRushing@usaid.gov
Office of Public Health
Mark White, Director 
Email: MWhite@usaid.gov
USAID/Cambodia 
Phone: (855-23) 217-640 ; 
Fax: (855-23) 217-638
Funding Amount Accrued Unexpended
Grants Source (US $) Expenditures Obligation
9/30/2002
CARE (CEMP- Environment) DA 1,860,278 1,840,154 20,124
Center for National Policy ESF 244,124 244,124 0
" DA 500,000 500,000 0
American Bar Association ESF 1,092,732 1,092,732 0
Georgetown University ESF 2,520,375 2,520,375 0
Development Alternative Inc. (EG) ESF 2,216,898 2,216,898 0
" DA 196,602 196,602 0
International Human Rights Law Group ESF 2,487,427 2,487,427 0
University of San Francisco ESF 700,000 700,000 0
IRIS Buy-in, University of Maryland ESF 52,741 52,741 0
Assessments, Evaluations, Technical 
Advisors, Program Support & Equipment ESF 1,813,222 1,399,291 413,931
DA 1,267,262 1,252,502 14,760
Subtotal ESF 11,127,519 10,713,588 413,931
DA 3,824,143 3,789,258 34,885
GRAND TOTAL 14,951,662 14,502,846 448,816
Table 1: SO 442-008 Other Activities in Support of Agency Objectives
Technical Support Activities
Revised 3/6/2003
Table 2: SO 442-008 Other Activities in Support of Agency Objectives
PVO Co-Financing Activities
Funding Grant
Grant Source Grant Description Duration Amount
Participating Agencies Collaborating ESF Community Outreach (focus on HR Devlopment) 4/1/94 - 9/30/00 4,171,961
Together DA 11,814,769
Partners For Development ESF Community Water and Dev. Prog. in Northeast 10/14/96 - 12/31/00 2,400,000
Helen Keller International DA Multi Benefit Food & Health Enterprise Develop. 9/25/95 - 10/31/00 1,500,000
International Development Enterprises ESF Small Scale Irrigation (rural economic growth) 9/26/95 - 3/31/99 650,000
CARE ESF Rehabilitation of Rural Roads 5/11/95 - 10/6/97 1,525,506
" DA 509,668
World Education DA Community Development Training 11/1/93 - 10/31/96 1,606,302
International Rescue Committee DA Community Health Development 11/30/93 - 7/19/96 1,103,806
World Concern ESF Health and Nutrition 9/30/93 - 9/30/95 4,696
" DA 628,541
World Relief DA Microenterprise 11/1/93 - 1/14/00 1,148,579
American Refugee Committee DA Health Care 11/30/93 - 9/30/95 418,458
Family Planning International Assistance DA Services Expansion & Institutional Devlopment 11/22/93 - 6/30/97 3,496,341
Population Services International DA Social Marketing 11/26/93 - 11/30/96 2,463,923
AICF DA Community water and Devlopment in Northeast 11/1/93 - 9/30/96 1,940,536
Medicins Sans Frontieres DA Rehabilitation of Health Service in Stung Treng 11/1/93 - 9/30/96 1,074,471
World Health Organization ESF Control of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever 1/15/94 - 9/30/98 47,460
" DA 1,000,000
World Vision DA Child Health Care 9/27/90 - 12/31/96 951,951
CARE (Birch, Health) ESF Health Care 7/31/93 - 3/31/95 10,711
" DA 579,513
Contraceptive Proc. DA 5/31/94 - 6/30/94 69,000
Handicapped International ESF CMAC Strengthening Program 6/12/95 - 8/31/97 315,129
Vietnam Veterans of American Foundation DA Cambodia Prosthestic Program 9/30/92 - 6/30/96 3,500,000
AmCross ESF Technical Rehabilitation and Intergration Asst. 9/30/92 - 6/30/96 148,271
" DA 1,071,217
Reproductive Health Association of Cam. DA Services Expansion & Institutional Devlopment 110,000
CARE (Health) ESF 75,180
Miscellaneous ESF 747,172
" DA 830,364
Subtotal ESF 10,096,086
DA 35,817,439
GRAND TOTAL 45,913,525
(Unexpended Balance) -52,931
Revised 3/6/2003