1 NEPAL INTEGRATED GOVERNANCE PROJECT (IGP) MID-TERM SURVEY 2017 2 NEPAL INTEGRATED GOVERNANCE PROJECT (IGP) MID-TERM SURVEY 2017 December 2017 Project Number: Evaluation/Survey Mechanism Number: AID-367-C-15-00001 DISCLAIMER The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms and Abbreviations 4 Survey Team Members 5 Executive Summary 6 SURVEY PURPOSE 6 PROJECT BACKGROUND 6 FINDINGS 6 CONCLUSIONS 7 Survey Purpose 9 Project Background 10 Survey Methodology 11 SAMPLING FRAME 11 SURVEY INSTRUMENT 13 LIMITATIONS 13 Findings 15 SECTION 1: INCLUSION AND TOLERANCE 15 SECTION 2: PEACEFUL CONFLICT RESOLUTION 16 SECTION 3: PARTICIPATION AND GOVERNANCE 19 Conclusions 25 Annex 1: Evaluation Statement of Work 27 Annex 2: Contributing question/s for 16 igp indicators 32 Annex 3: Desegregation of 16 PMP igp indicators 34 Annex 4: Study districts and cluster and sample size 50 Annex 5: Tables of all questions comparing 2015 baseline and 2017 Midline 55 Annex 6: Support letter from Ministry of Federal Affairs for Data Collection 94 Annex 7: Study and data collection team 95 Annex 8: Disclosure of any conflict of interest 96 Annex 9: Data collection instruments 2017 97 4 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ADS Automated Directives Systems AOR Agreement Officer’s Representative APR Annual Performance Review AT+ AID Tracker Plus CDCS Country Development Cooperation Strategy CIO Chief Information Officer (USAID Bureau for Management) COP Chief of Party COR Contracting Officer’s Representative CLA Collaborating, Learning, and Adapting DDL Development Data Library DEC Development Experience Clearinghouse DGO Democracy and Governance Office (USAID/ Nepal) DMD Deputy Mission Director DO Development Objective DRRO Disaster Risk Reduction Office (USAID/ Nepal) DRG Democracy, Human Right and Governance FTE Full Time Equivalent FY Fiscal Year GIS Geographic Information System (or Services) HEO Health and Education Office (USAID/ Nepal) IMET Integrated Monitoring and Evaluation Team (USAID/ Nepal) IP Implementing Partner IT Information Technology KPI Key Performance Indicator M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MEL Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning (USAID/ Nepal Project) OAA Office of Acquisition and Assistance (USAID/ Nepal) PAD Project Appraisal Document PIRS Performance Indicator Reference Sheet PMP Performance Management Plan POC Point of Contact PPD Program and Project Development (USAID/ Nepal Office) PPR Annual Performance Plan and Report RFP Request for Proposal SEED Social, Environmental, and Economic Development Office (USAID/ Nepal) SLT Senior Leadership Team SOW Scope of Work STTA Short Term Technical Assistance TOC Theory of Change USAID United States Agency for International Development/ Mission VDC Village Development Committee 5 SURVEY TEAM MEMBERS Carol J. Wilson, Vanderbilt University LAPOP Nicole Lorraine Hinton, Vanderbilt University LAPOP Ganesh Sharma, CAMRIS International Manorama Adhikari, CAMRIS International NEW Era: Survey Partner 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report presents the results of the 2017 midline IGP survey and contrasts these results to those of the 2015/16 baseline IGP survey. Likewise, the report highlights the difference in the USAID and national sample where applicable. SURVEY PURPOSE USAID/ Nepal’s first development objective focuses on more inclusive and effective governance. A democracy, human rights, and governance (DRG) assessment conducted in 2012 described the main DRG problem in Nepal as a “government effectiveness gap,” in which the Government of Nepal (GON) fails to meet the increasing demands for inclusion. To address this gap and to achieve the objective of effective governance and political inclusion in Nepal, four conditions must be achieved—peace, accountability, civic participation, and better performance. Without peace, human development is not possible, and without human development, peace is not sustainable. The Mission has focused on targeting these conditions at the local level, while pushing at the national level for accountability and reform to close the government effectiveness gap on the ground. Through regular surveys, USAID tracks the perception of citizens on the status of peace, justice, access to services, and effectiveness of government services and accountability. PROJECT BACKGROUND The IGP surveys play an important role in providing information for USAID’s comprehensive 2014 Performance Management Plan (PMP), reflecting the Country Development Cooperation Strategy (CDCS). The PMP is a single, Mission-wide source of information aimed at assisting USAID in managing results to achieve its highest development goals. The CDCS guides approximately $400 million in investments from fiscal year 2014 to 2018. The overall goal for the Mission, as stated in the CDCS, is “a more democratic, prosperous, and resilient Nepal.” Within the PMP, DO1 established indicators for each intermediate result (IR) and each of the four sub-immediate results including peace, accountability, civil participation and performance. The IGP Surveys supply several data sets for monitoring and evaluation efforts under the PMP. FINDINGS This report focuses on key IGP performance indicators from the USAID Nepal Mission Performance Management Plan (PMP), comparing responses to questions in the 2015/16 survey to responses in the 2017 survey to determine the level of change in three areas: (1) inclusion and tolerance, (2) peaceful conflict resolution, and (3) participation and governance. The demographics (age, marital status, education, and caste/ethnicity) of the survey respondents from 2015 baseline to 2017 midline survey is significantly different. Midline survey includes higher number of youth respondents than the baseline and has a more balanced representation from different caste/ethnic groups. There are significant shifts between 2015 and 2017 datasets, both among the USAID and national samples, and the shifts in demographics might be one of the reasons behind shift between 2015 and 2017 data. 7 An overwhelming majority of Nepali respondents agree that all members of society should have equal legal access to social, economic, and political opportunities (please refer to tables 1-4) irrespective of their caste, ethnicity, and other demographic background. However, it is surprising to note that their specific attitudes toward gender equality has declined from the time of the baseline and the midline survey. As per the data (please refer to tables 1-3), fewer respondents in the 2017 survey compared to the 2015 survey believe that males and females should have equal access to social, economic, and political opportunities. Likewise, there was a slight decline from 2015/16 to 2017 in the proportion of people expressing tolerance toward other groups. Regarding conflict resolution, there was an increase in awareness of community efforts to resolve conflict in USAID-targeted areas between the baseline and midline surveys. Yet, respondents reported more continuing or ongoing conflicts in 2017 than in 2015. Importantly, there was a dramatic increase between the surveys in the number of respondents willing to engage in violent protests if the peace and reconciliation process does not meet their needs. The timing of the survey and the shifts in demographics might have influenced the responses in 2017 survey compared to that in 2015. The very fact that the midline survey was conducted in the immediate pre-election period and in the aftermath of flooding are two critical incidences that might have shaped differently the perception of the respondents. Likewise, the significantly higher number of youth respondents in the survey might have shifted the data point particularly in terms of resorting to violent protests and community conflicts. Regarding participation and governance, the percentage of people who reported having used an accountability mechanism, who reported participating in local government oversight activities, who reported belonging to a community organization, and who reported that community organizations effectively advocate for people’s interest, all increased in 2017. Likewise, political efficacy significantly increased in 2017 compared to that in 2015. In 2017, more than 25 percent of respondents felt that they had a strong voice in political decisions affecting them or their community as compared to less than 5 percent in 2015. Similarly, satisfaction with services provided by government and non-government actors significantly improved in 2017 compared to 2015/16 both in the USAID sample and national sample. However, the percentage of individuals participating often in community groups declined between the two surveys, as did the percentage of respondents who think that elections in Nepal are free and fair. Additionally, a small increase in the percentage of those reporting discrimination in accessing public services was observed between the baseline and midline surveys. CONCLUSIONS There is considerable progress made across many of the key performance indicators when comparing the 2015/16 baseline survey to the 2017 midline survey. Likewise, almost in all the key performance indicators, the progress in 2017 for USAID sample is better than in the national sample. These indicators were grouped into three areas: (1) Inclusion and Tolerance; (2) Peaceful Conflict Resolution; and (3) Participation and Governance. The least improvement is shown in Inclusion and Tolerance. While there remain high levels of support for the ideal of political, social, and economic equality, there is considerably less support when asked to apply the value in specific cases involving gender equality and equality for those belonging to “out-groups”. In Peaceful Conflict Resolution, there is mixed evidence of improvement. Respondents are more aware of efforts to resolve conflict, and they are pleased with the speed at which progress 8 is being made. But, there is perception of greater conflict in communities and willingness to resort to violence if the peace process does not meet their needs. The most evidence of improvement between 2015/16 and 2017 is in Participation and Governance. There is greater engagement and participation with government accountability mechanisms and government oversight activities. Membership in community organizations and satisfaction level with advocacy efforts of community organizations both increased in 2017. Political efficacy and satisfaction with government and non-government provision of services increased between the baseline and midline surveys. However, even in this area there was some evidence of decline: declining levels of participation in community groups and declining levels of those who felt elections were free and fair. In contrast, there was a slight increase in the percentage of people who reported experiencing discrimination when accessing public services. 9 SURVEY PURPOSE In 2015/2016 and again in 2017, USAID’s Democracy and Government Office (DGO) conducted a nationally representative Integrated Governance Project (IGP) survey to assess the progress of the Mission’s CDCS in meeting the goals of DO1: More Inclusive and Effective Governance. In depth in-person interviews were conducted in households to measure attitudes, perceptions, and experiences of respondents. The first (baseline) survey was conducted between November 28, 2015 and January 5, 2016, with most interviews in December 2015. The second (midline) survey was conducted between August 25, 2017 and October 16, 2017, with most interviews in September. The purpose of the survey is to provide information on the extent to which the Mission’s programs successfully increased inclusion of Nepalese in civic and political life and improved the government’s ability to respond to public needs and demands. In addition to the overall citizen involvement and satisfaction with government programs, the project also examines the involvement and satisfaction of traditionally marginalized and excluded groups including women, youth, Dalit, Janajati, and Madhesi, among others. The intention is to provide actionable information that will allow the Mission and its partners to assess and improve the design and implementation of its programs across the remaining life of the CDCS (2014-2019). The survey also is intended to provide a richer and more detailed understanding of Nepali attitudes, values, and aspirations, and how these are translated into their relationships with their government. The surveys supplement monitoring and evaluation activities supported by USAID and others by providing bottom-up information about the success of Mission programs. 10 PROJECT BACKGROUND USAID’s 2013 Violent Extremism Assessment and the U.S. Government’s 2011 Interagency Conflict Assessment state that while the likelihood of returning to a major conflict is currently low in Nepal, poor governance remains a conflict driver that could lead to increased violence. Additionally, USAID’s Democracy, Human Rights, and Governance (DRG) Assessment identified several critical barriers to good governance that reflect the grievances of Nepal’s conflict. These include: a lack of public accountability by the government, limited capacity to address Nepal’s’ growing demands and increased expectations of government, and the need for powerful institutions to include women and other marginalized groups in decision-making and service provision. The DRG Assessment described the main DRG problem as a “government effectiveness gap,” in which the Government of Nepal (GON) fails to meet the increasing demands for inclusion. To address this gap and to achieve the objective of effective governance and political inclusion in Nepal, four conditions must be achieved: peace, accountability, civic participation, and better performance. Without peace, human development is not possible, and without human development, peace is not sustainable. The Mission will target these conditions at the local level, while pushing for national-level accountability and reform to close the government effectiveness gap on the ground. The IGP surveys play an important role in providing information for USAID’s comprehensive 2014 Performance Management Plan (PMP), reflecting the CDCS. The PMP is a single, Mission-wide source of information aimed at assisting USAID in managing results to achieve its highest development goals. The CDCS guides approximately $400 million in investments from fiscal year 2014 to 2019. The overall goal for the Mission, as stated in the CDCS, is “a more democratic, prosperous, and resilient Nepal.” Three development objectives (DO) contribute to the achievement of this goal and reflect the key development hypotheses that will inform USAID/Nepal’s projects and activities over the five-year CDCS period: DO1: More Inclusive and Effective Governance. DO2: Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Growth to Reduce Extreme Poverty. DO3: Increased Human Capital. Within the PMP, DO1 established indicators for each intermediate result (IR) and each of the four sub-immediate results including peace, accountability, civil participation, and performance. The IGP surveys supply several data sets for monitoring and evaluation efforts under PMP. Finally, the surveys provide valuable information to the Mission’s implementing partners from across the development sectors within USAID. 11 SURVEY METHODOLOGY SAMPLING FRAME The survey methodology was designed to collect a representative sample of respondents using a stratified multi-stage cluster sampling strategy ending with a random selection of household members aged 18 to 65. Interviews were carried out face-to-face with data collected on electronic devices. In 2015/16, a total of 1,980 interviews were collected and 1,994 were collected in 2017. Identical stratification and selection of village development committees (VDCs) was used in both surveys. Two distinct samples were designed to create a comparison of USAID targeted VDCs and the rest of the nation. There was overlapping of districts (seven districts) for the national and USAID sample but not at VDC level. The national sample consisted of 780 respondents in 2015/16 and 786 respondents in 2017. The USAID target area sample consisted of 1200 respondents in 2015/16 and 1208 respondents in 2017. +Sampling within VDCs differed somewhat between the baseline and midline survey. Details of the sampling methodology used in each round are described in detail below. The national sample in 2017 replicated the 2015 baseline survey methodology for stratification. The sample was split into fifteen strata based on administrative region (Eastern, Central, Western, and Mid and Far Western), and geo-climatic region (Terai, Hills, and Mountains). The administrative regions run from east to west, while the geo-climatic regions run from south to north, so these fifteen strata approximate a 3 x 5 grid laid over a map of Nepal. In the national sample, 52 clusters (Wards) spreading over 42 districts were allocated across the strata based on the strata’s population in which to select 15 household from each for interview. (See table 1 for cluster allocation). Table 1. Cluster allocation based on the population distribution for national survey (in 2015 baseline and 2017 midline) Domain Eastern Region Central Region Western Region Mid￾Western Region Far Western Region All Nepal Mountain 1 1 1 1 1 5 Hill 2 3 5 9 3 22 Terai 2 3 4 9 7 25 Total 5 7 10 19 11 52 Similarly, the midline USAID sample replicated the stratification process used in the baseline. Eighty clusters were allocated across eight key districts (Makawanpur, Kapilvastu, Dang, Surkhet, Banke, Bardiya, Kailali and Kanchanpur) in USAID program districts. However, these eighty clusters were divided equally (10 each in each district) rather than based on population. (See table 2) 12 Table 2. Cluster allocation based on the population distribution for USAID program districts survey (in 2015 baseline and 2017 midline) Domain Far Western Region Mid-Western Region Western Region Central Region Eastern Region All Nepal Mountain 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hill 0 10 0 10 0 20 Terai 20 30 10 0 0 60 Total 20 40 10 10 0 80 In both surveys, ward (cluster), the lowest administrative units in Nepal, was taken as primary sampling unit within the strata, and the households were selected randomly. The most recent population census (2011) was used to determine the size of wards. To maintain comparability with the baseline, the same VDCs and respective wards were selected in the midline; both for the national sample and USAID sample. Within wards, the methodology for identifying the 15 or 16 households for selection changed somewhat between surveys. In the baseline survey, 15 households were selected from each ward by choosing a landmark and following a “right-hand” rule. Thus, those households near the landmark had a much higher probability of inclusion and possibly excluding important population sub-groups that often reside outside of the landmark coverage. For example, chosen landmarks were usually the market place, church, school or health post. However, the most vulnerable minority and disadvantaged group (MDAG), who usually reside away from these areas, had a much lower probability of being selected. In contrast to the baseline, the midline survey randomly selected multiple areas (six to seven landmarks) across the ward to attempt to increase the coverage of population. After randomly selecting three of the six to seven landmarks, households were listed and five to six of them were selected using systematic random sampling from each landmark area, making a total of 15 to 16 households from each ward. In both baseline and midline surveys, interviewers followed a Kish grid approach (where male and female respondents are alternated). Similarly, interviewers attempted three “call backs,” and after the third attempt to interview at the household, teams moved to the adjacent household. In comparison to the baseline survey, training of trainers and cognitive pretesting were introduced and the duration of the main training (in days) was extended to ensure that the tools were reliable and clear in terminology, and that enumerators established a good connection with the questionnaire. In the first round, from July 25 to 29, 2017, the team conducted a questionnaire review and cognitive pretesting to further improve and make the instruments clearer. Between August 2 to 19, 2017, the team trained supervisors and enumerators on paper and tablets. Piloting started in Kathmandu Valley from August 21 to 23, 2017. The 20 teams, each consisting of four enumerators, embarked on a trip to the field for data collection from August 25 to September 18, 2017, except in province 2, where the period of data collection was extended from October 6 to October 15, 2017 due to elections. Moreover, a key issue identified in the baseline was the absence of an instruction manual, which raised concerns about the integrity of questionnaire administration. This time, questionnaire and training manuals included specific instructions to address such issues. Terminology definitions also were included in the manual to ensure consistency. Another 13 important issue addressed in this midline survey was local language (Awadhi, Bhojpuri and Maithali) -- enumerators fluent in these languages were assigned to their respective clusters. SURVEY INSTRUMENT The survey questionnaires for the baseline and midline surveys appear in Annex 5. Every attempt was made to maintain comparability across questionnaires for the two surveys. PMP performance and context indicators from the baseline survey were maintained in the midline survey to allow for comparison of these indicators. However, a thorough attempt was made to simplify the questions, and better organize and sequence them around the themes so that it was convenient for the respondents to understand the questions. In a few instances, the short themes/options present in the baseline questions were converted as a complete question by linking them with main question. Besides that, filter questions were introduced wherever applicable to minimize the errors particularly for the questions with skip pattern. There also was an effort to reduce the length of the survey in 2017. Through back-and-forth meetings and discussion with the Mission, the team removed some survey response options. The team eliminated questions because they were redundant, no longer valid or relevant, had extremely high numbers of non-responses, were confusing, or otherwise found to be unnecessary by the Mission. Even though the team also administered the 2017 survey instruments by using electronic devices (like in the baseline survey), quality-control protocols were introduced for the review and removal of poor quality interviews. Poor quality interviews included those where the location for the interview was outside of the assigned sample area, and where interviewers did not follow the necessary interview protocols (read the consent form or not, read too quickly, skipped parts of the question, did not allow respondent to answer, etc.). LIMITATIONS While considerable effort was made to maintain comparability across the 2015/16 and 2017 surveys, there are some differences in both the survey instrument and the sample. As a result, some differences observed between the two surveys may be due to changes in the survey (measurement error) rather than changes in the attitudes and behaviors in the population. The table below gives a snapshot of the limitation in 2015 and the improvements made in 2017, which could be a limitation in terms of comparability of two datasets. Limitations in 2015 Improvements in 2017 15 households were selected from each ward by choosing a landmark and following a “right-hand” rule increasing the probability of selecting well-off households living in or near landmarks or possibly excluding important population sub-groups that often resides outside of the landmark coverage. The team randomly first listed multiple areas (6 -12 landmarks) across the ward and selected at least three landmarks (5 household from each) to increase the coverage of population. The duration of training of enumerators was not enough and there was literal translation of English words in Nepali. The number of days of training for enumerators were increased to establish good connection with questionnaire and cognitive pre-testing also was done. Additionally, distribution of revised “cheat sheets” were given if there still were difficult words to understand. 14 There was absence of instruction manual, which raised concerns about the integrity of questionnaire administration. Both instructional manual and survey-to-go manual was developed and implemented ensuring integrity and standardization. There were few instances of language issue as few study team had to rely on local interpreters to help translate to non-Nepali speakers that compromised the reliability of responses. Enumerators familiar with local languages (Awadhi, Bhojpuri, Maithali, and Tamang) were hired and allocated to respective language clusters. Pre-testing completed in a urban setting, one in Kavrepalanchowk and another near Budhanilkantha; both are located near the country capital, Kathmandu, thereby limiting the representation from rural settings. Cognitive pretesting was done in Patlekhat, Kavrepalanchowk and pilot testing was done in Rabiopi VDC. Both locations were rural and inhabited by illiterate and marginalized communities. Questionnaire were theme based. Absence of filter questions in some instances. Satisfaction of different types of services were asked without knowing whether the respondents visited the institutions that provide the services within the last 12 months. Satisfaction related questions were asked to the respondents who visited the institutions in last 12 months. Questions and options. A few questions that were irrelevant, confusing, or unnecessary were removed. . Besides the above-mentioned differences in the 2015 and 2017 surveys, two critical contextual factors characterize the National context during 2017 midline survey: Election and flooding. The midline survey was conducted in two phases: Data collection was conducted in the immediate pre-election period in all other provinces (92 percent of total sample) except for in Province 2 (8 percent of total sample). which was conducted in the immediate post-election period. Likewise, data collection was carried out in the aftermath of flooding that affected most of the Terai and a handful of Hill districts. Respondents’ agitation in the immediate aftermath of floods and heated political environment during pre and post-election period might have affected the responses to a substantial number of indicators, mainly in the tolerance, community conflicts, and resortion to violent protest indicators. The survey team in 2017 made drastic improvisation of survey methodology and tools to capture the better representative and quality datasets, which might have compromised the comparability of datasets between the 2015 and 2017 surveys. The 2017 survey methodology was based on a more robust sampling approach for better representation of respondents. The survey team carried out few significant tests to understand whether the sample characteristics of the population (age, marital status, education qualification and caste/ethnicity) of the respondents was significantly different between the 2015 and 2017 surveys. Demographic characteristics of respondents in the 2015 and 2017 surveys was found to be significantly different in all four characteristics. This might have affected the comparability of the two datasets. 15 FINDINGS The purpose of this analysis is to determine the extent of change, if any, in key performance indicators from the USAID Nepal Mission Performance Management Plan (PMP) between the baseline and midline IGP surveys. The findings are organized in three sections: (1) Inclusion and Tolerance; (2) Peaceful Conflict Resolution; and (3) Participation and Governance. The perception of the respondents might have been influenced by a couple of contextual factors: i) The timing of the survey being the peak election period, there are higher chances of perceptions being shaped by the political environment, heated debate and discussions, campaigns going on in the community; ii) Survey took place in the immediate aftermath of flooding characterized by chaos, and people’s change of immediate priorities might also have influenced the survey responses. Likewise, the demographics (age, marital status, caste/ethnicity and education) of sample respondents in midline survey being significantly different from baseline survey, might have compromised the comparability of two data sets to a certain extent. SECTION 1: INCLUSION AND TOLERANCE The composite measure designed to gauge the extent to which attitudes toward gender equality have changed shows a slight decline in the percentage of those who support the concept that males and females should have equal access to social, economic, and political opportunities. The measure includes questions that ask whether men should have priority over women to employment when jobs are scarce, whether men make better leaders than women, and whether males and females should have equal opportunity to social, economic and political opportunities. More than 80 percent of respondents in 2015 agreed with the concept of gender equality while 70 percent of respondents agreed in 2017. The decline was more pronounced in the national sample with a difference of 14 percent than in the USAID sample (11 percent). The decrease of 11 percent is significant (p<.01). PI* 1-3 Proportion of target population agreeing with the concept that males and females should have equal access to social, economic, and political opportunities Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P-Value National Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % <.01 Yes 635 81.4 992 82.7 1627 82.2 526 66.9 869 71.9 1395 70.0 No 145 18.6 208 17.3 353 17.8 259 33.0 338 28.0 597 29.9 Missing 1 0.1 1 0.1 2 0.2 Significance ** ** Total 780 100 120 0 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant In contrast to attitudes toward gender equality, support for equality for ethnic, cultural, and marginalized groups remains high across the two years. The composite measure combined questions asking about agreement with statements pertaining to the following: whether people from all ethnic and cultural groups should be allowed to run for office; whether all communities should be allowed to protest; whether people from all ethnic and cultural groups should have equal access to social, economic, and political rights; whether the country would be better off if 16 marginalized groups played a more equal role in politics and government; and whether religion, caste, ethnicity, or gender should be an obstacle to assuming the office of the PM. The combined measure shows near universal agreement with the concept that all segments of the population should have equal access to social, economic, and political opportunities. In both years, across all samples, there is more than 95 percent agreement. PI 1-4 Proportion of target population agreeing with the concept that all segments of the population should have equal access to social, economic, and political opportunities Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P - National Value Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Yes 775 99.4 1191 99.3 1966 99.3 763 97.1 1197 99.1 1960 98.3 No 5 0.6 9 0.7 14 0.7 23 2.9 11 0.9 34 1.7 >.05 Significance ns ns Total 780 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant Tolerance towards other cultural or ethnic groups slightly declined from 2015 to 2017 in all samples. A composite measure combines agreement with statements about whether people from all ethnic and cultural groups should be allowed to live in my community, and whether a child should only be allowed to marry someone from his/her own cultural or ethnic group. More than half of all the samples in both years expressed agreement with tolerance. However, the percentages in 2017 were 4 to 6 percentage points lower than in 2015. There was almost equal decrease in terms of national and USAID samples across two years. The decrease (5 percent) in tolerance towards other groups is significantly different (p<0.05) between the 2015 and 2017 USAID sample respondents. Similarly, the decrease in the national sample is significant (p<0.05) too. PI 1.1-3: Percent of public in target districts expressing tolerance towards other groups (Dalits, women, indigenous peoples, youth, Muslims, Brahmin/Chhetri, etc.) Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P - National Value Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Yes 439 56.3 727 60.6 1166 58.9 397 50.5 683 56.5 1080 54.2 No 341 43.7 473 39.4 814 41.1 388 49.4 525 43.5 913 45.8 <.05 Significance * * Total 780 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant SECTION 2: PEACEFUL CONFLICT RESOLUTION Overall, awareness of community efforts to resolve conflicts increased by 4 percent in 2017. In 2017, the percentage of respondents in the USAID sample that were aware of such efforts increased by 8 percentage points compared to 2015 (from 31.7 percent in 2015 to 39.7 percent in 2017). This change of 8 percent is significant (p<.05). In the national sample, the percentage remained constant at about 36 percent. 17 PI 1.1.2-2 Percent aware of community efforts to resolve conflicts Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾National value Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Yes 287 36.8 380 31.7 667 33.7 285 36.3 480 39.7 765 38.4 No 99 12.7 156 13.0 255 12.9 183 23.3 265 21.9 448 22.5 <.05 Missing 394 50.5 664 55.3 1058 53.4 318 40.5 463 38.3 781 39.2 Significance * * Total 780 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant Yet, more respondents reported continuing or ongoing conflict in communities in 2017 than in 2015. Fewer people reported that there were no significant conflicts in 2017. While more than half (50.5 in national sample, 55.3 in USAID sample) responded that “people mostly get along” in 2015, those numbers declined to 40.5 (national sample) and 38.2 (USAID sample) in 2017. Fewer than 10 percent overall reported moderate conflict in 2015, but more than 19 percent reported so in 2017. The largest increase (13 percent) in reported moderate conflict occurred among those in the USAID sample, while the national sample was 6 percent in that period. The number reporting major unresolved conflicts remained consistently low in all samples (less than 2 percent). Awareness level among respondents about community efforts to resolve conflict between baseline and midline in USAID sample was found to have significantly increased (p<.05). PI 1.1.2-1: Percent of respondents with continuing/ongoing and/or major unresolved local conflicts in their community Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾National Value Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % People mostly get along; there are no significant conflicts 394 50.5 664 55.3 1058 53.4 318 40.5 462 38.2 780 39.1 <.01 There are occasional conflicts but they are mostly minor 285 36.5 436 36.3 721 36.4 312 39.7 489 40.5 801 40.2 There are moderate continuing conflicts 94 12.1 88 7.3 182 9.2 142 18.1 244 20.2 386 19.4 There are major unresolved conflicts 7 0.9 12 1.0 19 1.0 14 1.8 11 0.9 25 1.3 Missing 2 0.2 2 .1 Significance ** ** Total 780 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant In addition to the increase in reports of conflict in communities, there is a striking increase in the number of respondents reporting a willingness to engage in violent protest if the peace and reconciliation process does not meet their expectations. Fewer than 10 percent of respondents 18 said they certainly or probably would be willing to engage in such behavior in 2015 (all samples), while more than 45 percent said the same in 2017. The latter proportion was more substantial in the USAID sample (52.8 percent) than in the national sample (43.6 percent). Similarly, the percentage of respondents who stated they certainly or probably would not be willing to resort to violent protest declined from more than 75 percent in all samples in 2015 to about 40 percent in 2017. There was a significant increase (p<.01) in the percent of people who reported they would be willing to resort to violence in the USAID sample between the 2015 baseline and 2017 midline. This, however, id a hypothetical and purely attitudinal question. It therefore does not precisely reflect the reality of resorting to violent protest. As PMP also highlights, the limitation of this indicator is that attitude might quickly shift based on the local context. The 2017 data collection happened in the immediate pre-election period, and the heated political environment during the pre-election might have affected all peace related indicators, including the one about resorting to violent protest. PI 1.1-2 Percent of people willing to resort to violence protest if peace and reconciliation process does not meet their expectations Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾National Value Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Certainly willing 18 2.3 33 2.8 51 2.6 170 21.6 374 31.0 544 27.3 <.01 Probably willing 46 5.9 64 5.3 110 5.6 174 22.1 263 21.8 437 21.9 Probably not willing 121 15.5 175 14.6 296 14.9 96 12.2 103 8.5 199 10.0 Certainly not willing 594 76.2 928 77.3 1522 76.9 337 42.9 460 38.1 797 40.0 Missing response 1 0.1 0 0.0 1 0.1 9 1.1 8 0.7 17 0.9 Significance ** ** Total 780 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant More people, however, believe that the peace process is moving ahead at about the right speed. Whereas more than 80 percent of respondents in both samples in 2015 said that the process was moving too slowly, slightly more than half responded as such in 2017. Over a third of respondents in 2017 said the process was moving at “about the right speed,” compared to fewer than 15 percent two years before. The largest increase was among respondents in the USAID sample, which increased from 10 percent in 2015 to 39.5 percent in 2017. The number of respondents saying that the process has moved too fast increased slightly from less than 2 percent in 2015 to about 7 percent in 2017. Moreover, the perception of “too slow” has decreased, and the perception “about the right speed” has increased; the difference is significant (p<.01). 19 PI 1.1.1-1 Percentage distribution of respondents by their perception on how peace process in progressing Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾National value Sample USAID sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Too Slow 654 83.8 1051 87.6 1705 86.1 445 56.6 643 53.2 1088 54.6 <.01 About the right Speed 107 13.7 124 10.3 231 11.7 276 35.1 475 39.3 751 37.7 Too Fast 11 1.4 18 1.5 29 1.5 58 7.4 78 6.5 136 6.8 Don’t Know 8 1.0 7 0.6 15 0.8 7 0.9 12 1.0 Significance ** ** Total 780 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant The table below is the composite score of eleven elements related to the comprehensive peace agreement measured in a five-point Likert scale. The table does not represent the factual progress on the peace process but people’s perception towards it, which might vary depending on the situation, timing, and micro level incidences at the time of interview. The table below reveals that people’s perceptions towards the peace process negatively deviated over the period. Whereas 10 percent of the respondents in all sample as well as the USAID sample in 2015 believed that the peace process has been completed, only 1 percent responded as such in samples in 2017. Likewise, those reporting “partially completed” varied from 71 percent and 68.5 percent in the National and USAID sample in 2015 to 53 percent among both the samples in 2017. It is alarming to note that the percent of people saying the peace process has not been completed has decreased from 19 and 21 percent among all sample and USAID sample in 2015 to 46 percent in 2017 among both samples. The decrease in completion of CPA milestones was significant (p<.01) in the USAID sample between 2017 and 2015. PI 1.1.1-1 Average percentage of CPA milestones perceived as completed by the public Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾National Value Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Yes 72 9.2 123 10.3 195 10 10 1.3 12 1.0 22 1.1 <.01 Partially completed 59 2 76.0 822 68.5 1414 71 415 52.9 640 53.0 1055 53.0 No 11 5 14.8 255 21.3 370 19 360 45.9 555 46.0 915 45.9 Significance ** ** Total 78 0 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant SECTION 3: PARTICIPATION AND GOVERNANCE The percentage of people who report having used an accountability mechanism out of the six (social audit, public hearing, citizen scorecard, CIAA grievance report, right to information, and Hello Sarkar) increased considerably in 2017. In 2015, only 7.6 percent of the respondents from national sample and 7 percent of the respondents in the USAID sample reported using an accountability mechanism in the past 12 months. However, this composite score increased to over 20 percent in 2017 (22.3 percent nationally and 24.8 percent for USAID districts). The largest increase was in the USAID sample by 17.8 percentage points. There is a significant increase (p<.01) in terms of respondents using any social accountability mechanism between 20 2015 and 2017 in the USAID sample. The increase was found to be significant in the national sample, too. PI 1.2-3 Percent of people who used a social accountability mechanism in past 12 months Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾Value National Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Yes 59 7.6 84 7.0 143 7.2 175 22.3 300 24.8 475 23.8 No 721 92.4 1116 93.0 1837 92.8 611 77.7 908 75.2 1519 76.2 <.01 Significance ** ** Total 780 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant There is a similar increase in the percentage of the respondents participating in local government oversight activities. 9.4 percent of respondents in the national sample reported participating in subnational government oversight activities, and 7.7 percent in the USAID sample in 2015. In 2017, those numbers increased to 29.1 percent in the national sample and 31.1 percent in the USAID sample. The increase of 23 percent between 2015 and 2017 in USAID sample was significant (p<.01). The increase in national sample also was significant (p<.01). PI 1.2.2-1 Percent of people who indicate that they actively participate in oversight and monitoring of subnational government activities Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾Value National Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Yes 73 9.4 92 7.7 165 8.3 229 29.1 376 31.1 605 30.3 No 70 <.01 6 90.5 1108 92.3 1814 91.6 553 70.4 831 68.8 1384 69.4 Missing 4 0.5 1 0.1 5 0.3 Significance ** ** Total 78 0 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant While participation in governance activities increased in 2017, the percentage of those participating often in community groups or organizations declined. Among those who are members of community groups or organizations, almost 60 percent of respondents reported participating “often” in group meetings or activities in 2015. But the percent of people reporting as such declined to about 30 percent in 2017. Notably, the percentage of those saying that they never participate in community organization activities increased from less than 3 percent in 2015 to more than 20 percent in 2017. The decrease in respondent’s participation in community groups is significant (p<.01) in the USAID sample between 2015 and 2017. While frequency of participation in group activities declined, the number of individuals who report belonging to some community group increased (the percentages in the table below include only those who report belonging to some community organization). In 2015, about a third of respondents reported belonging to a community group in contrast to almost 70 percent in 2017. 21 PI 1.3-4 Percent of people who often participate in community groups/organizations Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾Value National Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Often 13 6 57.6 260 58.8 396 58.4 163 29.6 284 33.8 447 32.1 <.01 Sometimes 82 34.7 151 34.2 233 34.4 223 40.5 350 41.6 573 41.2 Rarely 12 5.1 25 5.7 37 5.5 22 4.0 30 3.6 52 3.7 Never 6 2.5 6 1.4 12 1.8 142 25.8 177 21.0 319 22.9 Significance ** ** Total 23 6 100 442 100 678 100 550 100 841 100 1391 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant The percentage of respondents saying that community organizations effectively advocate for the people’s interests in government increased from about 10 percent in 2015 to more than 20 percent in 2017. The percentage saying that these organizations are not effective declined from about 25-30 percent in 2015 to less than 10 percent in 2017. The increase in organization effectiveness in advocating people’s interest in 2017 compared to 2015 was significant (p<.01) in USAID sample. . PI 1.3-3 Percent of public who think community organizations effectively advocate the people’s interests to the government Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾National value Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Very Effective 62 7.9 135 11.3 197 9.9 104 23.2 137 19.8 24.1 21.2 Somewhat <.01 Effective 49 8 63.8 679 56.6 1177 59.4 305 68.1 484 70.1 789 69.3 Not effective 18 8 24.1 349 29.1 537 27.1 34 7.6 62 9.0 96 8.43 Don’t Know/No response 32 4.1 37 3.1 69 3.5 5 1.1 8 1.2 13 1.1 Significance ** ** Total 78 0 100 1200 100 1980 100 448 100 691 100 1139 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant Note: In 2017, this question was only asked of those responding valid response categories1 to a previous question (CSOROLE) asking about the role of community organizations. As a result, the 2017 samples do not include all respondents; in contrast, all respondents were asked it in the 2015 samples. In 2017, political efficacy increased compared to 2015. Very few respondents felt that they had a very strong voice in political decisions affecting them or their community in 2015 (less than 5 percent). However, in 2017, more than 25 percent felt they had a strong voice (28.4 in the national sample; 27.4 percent in the USAID sample). There was a moderate increase in those saying they felt they had a moderate voice, increasing from about 35 percent in 2015 to over 40 percent in 2017. While there was little change among those reporting “no voice at all,” there was a large decline in the percentages saying they had “a weak voice”, from 40 percent in 2015 to fewer than 10 percent in 2017. There was a significant increase (p<.01) among the 1 excluding those who either did not respond or responded “don’t know” 22 respondents in the USAID sample who reported having “a strong voice” and “a moderate voice” in political decisions between 2015 and 2017. PI 1.3.2-2 Percent of people who feel that they have a moderate or strong voice in political decisions that affect them or their community Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾National value Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % A very strong voice 32 4.1 27 2.3 59 3.0 223 28.4 331 27.4 554 27.8 <.01 A moderate voice 278 35.6 431 35.9 709 35.8 324 41.2 563 46.6 887 44.5 A weak voice 288 36.9 505 42.1 793 40.1 51 6.5 84 7.0 135 6.8 No voice at all 178 22.8 237 19.8 415 21.0 178 22.6 224 18.5 402 20.2 Don’t Know/Missing response 4 0.5 4 0.3 10 1.3 6 0.5 16 0.8 Significance ** ** Total 780 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant While efficacy has increased in 2017, the percentage of those who think elections in Nepal are free and fair has declined. In 2015, more than 80 percent of respondents thought that elections were either completely, or mostly, free and fair. But in 2017, that number declined to less than 60 percent. The percent decline in terms of “free and fairness of election” is highly significant (p<.01) in 2017 compared to 2015. Moreover, in 2017, about 15 percent of respondents said that elections were “not at all free and fair,” compared to less than 5 percent in 2015. It is worth noting that 2017 survey was administered immediately (within a month) after the local election 2017. However, the 2015/16 survey questions referred to the elections two years prior in 2013; thus, this was the most recent election. PI 1.2.3-1 Percent of public that consider elections in Nepal as free and fair Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾National Value Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Completely free and fair 252 32.3 384 32.0 636 32.1 169 21.5 258 21.4 427 21.4 <.01 Mostly free and fair, but with minor problems 419 53.7 606 50.5 1025 51.8 296 37.7 455 37.7 751 37.7 Somewhat free and fair, but with major problems 68 8.7 130 10.8 198 10.0 165 21.0 275 22.8 440 22.1 Not at all free and fair 28 3.6 53 4.4 81 4.1 120 15.3 169 14.0 289 14.5 Missing response/Don’t know 13 1.7 27 2.3 40 2.0 36 4.6 51 4.2 87 4.4 Significance ** ** Total 780 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant 23 In 2017, the percent of respondents reporting satisfaction with government services increased. The measure of satisfaction with government services is based on a composite of questions, asking respondents their level of satisfaction with eleven different government services (including district hospitals, health clinics, public schools, agricultural and forestry services, and subnational government offices). Based on this measure, the percent of individuals satisfied with such services increased from 41.1 percent of the USAID sample in 2015 to 72.1 percent in 2017. The percent of respondents in the national sample increased by 16 percent (from 52.7 percent in 2015 to 69.3 percent in 2017) and by 31 percent (from 41 percent to 72 percent) in USAID sample. The increase of 31 percent in USAID sample between 2015 and 2017 in terms of the satisfaction with government service was found highly significant (p<.01). The respondents for this question differed slightly in 2017 from 2015. In 2015, this question was asked to all the respondents irrespective of their status of the service sought from these institutions. In 2017, however, this question was asked only to respondents who have received the services from these institutions with the previous 12 months of the survey. The timeline of 12 months has, to a large extent, rectified the recall bias. CI* 1.4-3 Percent of people satisfied with government services Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾National Value Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Yes 41 1 52.7 493 41.1 904 45.7 545 69.3 871 72.1 1416 71.0 <.01 No 36 9 47.3 707 58.9 1076 54.3 144 18.3 240 19.9 384 19.3 Missing/Non￾response 97 12.3 97 8.0 194 9.7 Significance ** ** Total 78 0 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant Similarly, respondents in 2017 reported being more satisfied that their needs are being met by a variety of services provided by all actors than in 2015. A composite measure of satisfaction was comprised of responses to questions about several services, including healthcare, agricultural assistance, education, protection from crime and violence, dispute resolution, and information on safe migration from government, non-government, and private service providers. The percentage of satisfied increased in the national sample from 51.4 percent in 2015 to 68.4 percent in 2017. Likewise, the percentage of those satisfied in the USAID sample in 2015 increased from 41.3 percent to 69.7 percent in 2017. Interestingly, the percentage increase was substantially more in USAID sample (29 percent) than in national sample (17 percent) between 2015 and 2017. The increase of 29 percent in USAID sample between 2015 and 2017 in terms of the “service received from government satisfactorily respond to their needs” was found highly significant (p<.01). 24 PI 1.4.2-2 Percent of people who report that services received satisfactorily respond to their needs Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾Valu e National Sample USAID Sample Total National Sample USAID Sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Yes 40 1 51.4 495 41.3 896 45.3 538 68.4 842 69.7 1380 69.2 <.01 No 37 9 48.6 705 58.8 1084 54.7 242 30.8 357 29.6 599 30.0 Missing/Non￾response 6 0.8 9 0.7 15 0.8 Significance ** ** Total 78 0 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant While satisfaction with services increased in 2017, there also was a very slight uptick in the percentage of those who report discrimination in accessing public services. In 2015, about 2 percent, overall, reported they experienced discrimination, and nearly 5 percent of respondents reported having experienced discrimination in 2017. While not a large difference, it merits scrutiny to determine if there is a trend. While exploring later, the increase in discrimination was found highly significant (p<.01) between 2015 and 2017. PI 1.4.2-3 Percent of people reporting experience of discrimination in accessing public service Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) P￾National value Sample USAID sample Total National Sample USAID sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Yes 1 1 1.4 26 2.2 37 1.9 39 5.0 56 4.6 95 4.8 <.01 No 7 6 6 98.2 1173 97.8 1939 97.9 740 94.1 1142 94.5 1882 94.4 Don’t know 3 0.4 1 0.1 4 0.2 7 0.9 10 0.8 17 0.9 Total 7 8 0 100 1200 100 1980 100 786 100 1208 100 1994 100 Note: Significant test results is shown between USAID baseline vs USAID midline sample only *Significant at <0.05 level **Significant at <0.01 ns= not significant 25 CONCLUSIONS This report focuses on key performance IGP indicators from the USAID Nepal Mission Performance Management Plan (PMP), comparing responses to questions in the 2015/16 survey to response in the 2017 to determine the level of change in three areas: (1) Inclusion and Tolerance; (2) Peaceful Conflict Resolution; and (3) Participation and Governance. There is considerable progress made across many of the key performance indicators when comparing the 2015/16 baseline survey to the 2017 midline survey. Likewise, almost in all the key performance indicators, the progress in 2017 for USAID sample is better than in the national sample. These indicators were grouped into three areas: (1) Inclusion and Tolerance; (2) Peaceful Conflict Resolution; and (3) Participation and Governance. In Inclusion and Tolerance, there appears to be a decline in support for these values. While there is near unanimity in support of the general notion that all members of society should have equal legal access to social, economic, and political opportunities. However, when applied to specific examples, there is considerably less support. For example, when asked about whether men should have priority over women to employment when jobs are scarce and whether men make better leaders than women, support for gender equity declined somewhat from the baseline to midline survey. Likewise, when asked about whether people from all ethnic and cultural groups should be allowed to live in my community, and whether a child should only be allowed to marry someone from his/her own cultural or ethnic group, agreement with tolerant attitudes declined from 2015/16 to 2017. In Peaceful Conflict Resolution, there was an increase in awareness of community efforts to resolve conflict in USAID areas between the baseline and midline surveys. However, a greater percent of respondents reported continuing or ongoing conflict in communities in 2017 than in 2015. The largest increase in reported community conflict occurred among those in the USAID sample saying that there are moderate continuing conflicts. Importantly, there is a dramatic increase between the surveys in the number of respondents willing to engage in violent protests if the peace and reconciliation process does not meet their needs. More than 40 percent said they would be willing to engage in such behavior in 2017 compared to fewer than 10 percent in 2015/16. This might be, due to two major incidences at the time of the 2017 midline survey: election and flooding. As major data collection occurred in the immediate pre-election period and in the immediate aftermath of flooding, it might have affected respondents’ attitudes and perception regarding tolerance, conflict in the community, and willingness to resort to violent protest. This might also be because of more youth respondents in midline than in baseline survey. In Participation and Governance, it appears that there is generally improvement in 2017. The percentage of people who reported having used an accountability mechanism (social audit, public hearing, citizen scorecard, CIAA grievance report, right to information, and Hello Sarkar) increased between the baseline and midline surveys. Likewise, the percentage of respondents who participated in local government oversight activities increased over the same period. The percentage of individuals belonging to a community organization and the percentage saying that community organizations effectively advocate for people’s interest, increased in 2017. Political efficacy (people who feel they have a moderate or strong voice in political decisions) and satisfaction with services provided by government and non-government actors improved in 2017 compared with 2015/16. The most evidence of improvement between 2015/16 and 2017 is in Participation and Governance. There is greater engagement and participation with government accountability 26 mechanisms and government oversight activities. Membership in community organizations and satisfaction level with advocacy efforts of community organizations both increased in 2017. Political efficacy and satisfaction with the government and non-government provision of services increased between the baseline and midline surveys. However, even in this area, there was evidence of decline, including: declining levels of participation in community groups, declining levels of individuals who felt elections were free and fair, and a (small) increase in the percentage of people who reported experiencing discrimination when accessing public services. It is worth noting that there was a considerable decline in the percentage of respondents who felt that that election in Nepal is free and fair. Moreover, there was an increase during that time in the percentage of respondents who said that elections were “not at all free and fair”. However, this could be the effect of time lag between the election and the survey. In 2015, the time lag was two years, whereas in 2017, it was just a month. There could be good contribution of recall bias in the responses. As people tend to remember the negative aspects while it is still fresh in mind, this might have caused the decline in the percentage of people reporting free and fair elections. However, one area that warrants careful attention is the percentage of respondents reporting discrimination in accessing public services. There was a slight increase in in the percentage of respondents who stated in 2017 that they experienced such discrimination. While not large, it certainly merits scrutiny to ensure that this does not increase in future years. 27 ANNEX 1: SURVEY STATEMENT OF WORK I. Introduction This is a scope of work for the USAID/Nepal Integrated Governance Project (IGP) Survey. This IGP survey is intended to capture a mid-term data for indicators set in 2015 baseline survey. The outcome of this survey assists in tracking USAID/Nepal’s progress on Development Objective (DO) 1, More Inclusive and Effective Governance, as part of its Country Development and Cooperation Strategy (CDCS), FY 2014-2019. Baseline survey was conducted in 2015 and an End-Line survey will be conducted in 2019. The same methodology will be applied for all three surveys. USAID/Nepal’s CDCS focuses efforts towards moving the dial on ending extreme poverty in Nepal. As of 2011, approximately 25 percent of the population still lived below the international poverty line of $1.25 per day.2 The greatest population density is found along the lower elevation of the Terai, where 50 percent of Nepalis live and where poverty is concentrated. Inclusive poverty reductions in Nepal require coordinated and sustained efforts to improve the health, education, and livelihood opportunities for the duration of the strategy period and onward. The depth of poverty has plummeted from 26 percent in 1996, to 18 percent in 2003, and to 5.6 percent in 2010, demonstrating the viability of meaningful poverty reductions in Nepal. Further reductions require widespread engagement with marginalized and vulnerable populations, which is a cross-cutting theme throughout USAID/Nepal’s five-year strategy. II. Background USAID’s 2013 Violent Extremism Assessment and the U.S. Government’s 2011 Interagency Conflict Assessment state that while the likelihood of returning to a major conflict is currently low in Nepal, poor governance remains a conflict driver that could lead to increased violence. Additionally, USAID’s Democracy, Human Rights, and Governance (DRG) Assessment identified several critical barriers to good governance that reflect the grievances of Nepal’s conflict. These include: a lack of public accountability by the government, limited capacity to address Nepal’s’ growing demands and increased expectations of government, and the need for powerful institutions to include women and other marginalized groups in decision-making and service provision. The DRG Assessment described the main DRG problem as a “government effectiveness gap,” in which the Government of Nepal (GON) fails to meet the increasing demands for inclusion. To address this gap and to achieve the objective of effective governance and political inclusion in Nepal, four conditions must be achieved—peace, accountability, civic participation, and better performance. Without peace, human development is not possible, and without human development, peace is not sustainable. The Mission will target these conditions at the local level, while pushing for national level accountability and reform to close the government effectiveness gap on the ground. The IGP Survey plays an important role in providing information for USAID’s comprehensive 2014 Performance Management Plan (PMP), reflecting the CDCS. The PMP is a single, Mission-wide source of information aimed at assisting USAID to manage for results to achieve its highest development goals. The CDCS guides approximately $400 million in investments through Fiscal Year 2019. The overall goal for the Mission, as stated in the CDCS, is “a more 2 Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators, http://data.worldbank.org/country/nepal 28 democratic, prosperous, and resilient Nepal.” Three development objectives (DO) contribute to the achievement of this goal and reflect the key development hypotheses that will inform USAID/Nepal’s projects and activities over the five-year CDCS period: DO1: More Inclusive and Effective Governance. DO2: Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Growth to Reduce Extreme Poverty. DO3: Increased Human Capital. Within the PMP, DO1 established indicators for each intermediate result (IR) and each of the four sub-IRs, including peace, accountability, civil participation, and performance. The IGP Survey will supply several data sets for monitoring and evaluation effort under the PMP. Finally, the survey will provide valuable information to the Mission’s implementing partners from across the development sectors within USAID. III. Rationale and Purpose USAID/Nepal’s Democracy and Governance Office (DGO) expects Mission’s Monitoring Evaluation and Learning project (MEL) to conduct this survey to track and assess the progress of the Missions CDCS in meeting the goals of DO1: More Inclusive and Effective Governance. The IGP Survey will provide information on the extent to which the Mission’s programs successfully increased inclusion of Nepalis in civic and political life and improved the government’s ability to respond to public needs and demands. The survey’s focus will not only be on overall citizen involvement and satisfaction with government programs, but also on the involvement and satisfaction of traditionally marginalized and excluded groups, including women, youth, Dalit, Janajati, and Madhesi, among others. The intention is to provide actionable information that will allow the Mission and its partners to assess and improve the design and implementation of its programs across the remaining life of the CDCS. The survey 29 also is intended to provide a richer and more fine-grained understanding of Nepali attitudes, values, and aspirations, and their relationships with one another and with their government. The survey will supplement other monitoring and evaluation activities supported by USAID and others by providing bottom up information about the success of Mission programs. This mid-term survey will follow the methodology and indicators used in 2015 baseline survey conducted in partnership with DRG Center’s Learning Division and will present the changes from 2015 to 2017. IV. Scope of survey Scope of the mid-term survey includes: ● Review survey design from the 2015 baseline survey, update as needed, and present a written survey design for the 2017 mid-term survey. ● Capture 2017 comparable dataset for all the indicators used in the 2015 baseline survey and present the 2017 data together with comparison to the 2015 data. Refer to set of methodological and output reports from 2015 baseline survey conducted in partnership with DRG Center’s Learning Division. The 2015 survey conducted 2,828 household visits across 42 districts with over 100 questions to cover set of data for over 15 indicators under immediate results of peace, accountability, civic participation, and performance. V. Requirements, Deliverables and Timelines The survey will consist of a nation-wide area probability sample of approximately 800 citizens, ages 16 years and over. Because of an interest in some municipally-based programs in smaller cities, the nation-wide probability survey will be augmented with oversamples of 150 respondents each from eight districts where USAID programming has been concentrated including: Banke, Bardiya, Dang, Kailali, Kanchanpur, Surkhet, Kapilvastu, and Makawanpur. The total sample will be approximately 2,000 responded cases, post-weighted to ensure that the final sample is nationally and demographically representative. Age and gender quotas will be used at the household level to facilitate representation by gender and age. Per new USAID/Nepal policy, “all person-level indicators for which data are collected (either through quarterly/annual reports, surveys, or evaluations) should be disaggregated by sex and caste/ethnicity. The caste/ethnicity disaggregation should follow, at a minimum, the following six categories: Dalit, Muslim, Brahmin/Chhetri, Newar, Janajati, and other.” This survey needs to take this into consideration, particularly in relation to sampling to be nationally representative. Given the Mission’s strategy and focus on extreme poverty, the survey methodology also should offer stratification to present comparative analysis of the extremely poor with other socioeconomic conditions. The survey is likely to be complex with numerous skip questions, a need to randomized response options for numerous questions, and the possible use of survey experiments and list questions (requiring the random selection of respondents into treatment and control groups) so the use of electronic, hand-held devices is essential. The survey will follow requirements as per the 2015 baseline survey with revisions if required. Any revisions need to be justified and agreed, which maintains the comparability as minimum. The scope of this analysis would be directed by the set of data available from the 2015 baseline survey, Mission priorities, and agreed upon with the contractor. Deliverables will include: 30 Deliverable Due Written survey design that includes key questions, methods, a description of sampling frame, samples, data collection instruments/forms, a data collection and analysis plan, crews, and a management and quality assurance plan, etc. May 2017 Datasets—and supporting documentation, such as code books with questionnaires, output tables, data dictionaries, scope, and methodology used to collect and analyze the data, list of respondents, and list of enumerators, etc. Mid-November 2017 Draft Demo Tables of PMP indicators. Mid-November 2017 A draft report in agreed format with data disaggregated by gender, age, caste, ethnicity, and socioeconomic. Mid-December 2017 A final report in agreed format. Within two weeks of receipt of comments from USAID. Expected Timeline Responsible Party Task Timeline USAID/Nepal PPD/DGO sends SOW to MEL End-Jan 2017 MEL MEL sends survey proposal with team composition, LOE, modality, response to SOW Feb 2017 USAID/Nepal PPD/DGO provides comments to the proposal 2nd week March 2017 MEL Submits final proposal 3rd week March 2017 USAID/Nepal PPD/DGO finalizes the task 3rd week April 2017 MEL Submits survey design report 3rd week May 2017 USAID/Nepal PPD/DGO provides comments to design report 2nd week of June 2017 MEL Submits final design report addressing Mission comments MEL Conducts the fieldwork July-August 2017 MEL Submits the demo table for PMP indicators Mid-November 2017 USAID/Nepal PPD/DGO provides comments on the demo table Third week of November 2017 MEL Submits datasets Mid-November 2017 MEL Submits draft report Mid-December 2017 USAID/Nepal Provides comments on draft report End of December 2017 MEL Provides final report within 2 weeks of receipt of Mission’s comments. With 2 weeks of receipt of Mission comments. 31 VI. Methods The survey will replicate methods as per the 2015 baseline survey with revisions if required. Any revisions need to be justified and agreed, which maintains the comparability as minimum. The 2015 baseline mainly involved quantitative data collection methods with household survey, and tablet assisted data entry. Data analysis was made with database program. VII. Roles and Responsibilities USAID/Nepal provides timely feedback to the MEL team on draft products delivered and may join events for quality assurance and backup. USAID/Nepal may provide coordination support when MEL requires to coordinate with USAID partners and stakeholders. MEL manages this survey through set of hired survey team. It also manages all the logistics and ensures timely delivery of quality products. VIII. Team Composition An appropriate team, with subject matter and methodological expertise, shall be proposed by MEL as part of the proposal. Reference to be made to the 2015 baseline survey in terms of individuals, qualifications, and experience as appropriate. The comparability of the 2017 results to the 2015 baseline will not be compromised due to changes in team members. VII. Documents to review Set of 2015 Baseline report with survey design, fieldwork plan, sampling, outputs reports/tables, questionnaires/checklists, and data codebook. 32 ANNEX 2: CONTRIBUTING QUESTION/S FOR 16 IGP INDICATORS S. N. Indicator Number Indicator Name Question/s contributing to it 1 PI* 1-3 Proportion of the target population reporting increased agreement with the concept that males and females should have equal access to social, economic, and political opportunities (GNDR 4) POLMEN GNDRJOBS FEMRGHT 2 PI 1-4 Proportion of the target population reporting increased agreement with the concept that all portions of the population should have equal access to social, economic, and political opportunities LLGELCT LLGDEMON LLGEQUAL EQLRGHT PMRGHT LLGEQUAL 3 PI 1.1-2 Percent of people willing to resort to violence if peace and reconciliation process does not meet their expectations VIOLENT 4 PI 1.1-3 Percent of the public in the target districts expressing tolerance towards other groups (Dalits, women, indigenous peoples, youth, Muslims, Brahmin/Chhetri, etc.) LLGBAN and LLGMARY 5 PI 1.1.1-1 Average percentage of CPA milestones perceived as completed by the public PPSPEED 6 PI 1.1.2-1 Percent of the public with continuing/ongoing and/or major unresolved local conflicts in their community CNFLCT 7 PI 1.1.2-2 Percent of the public in the target USAID districts aware of any community efforts in to resolve conflicts CNFLCTRSLV 8 PI 1.2-3 Percent of people who used a social accountability mechanism in the past 12 months SOACCMECH, MECHUSE and MECHWHEN 9 PI 1.2.2-1 Percent of people who indicate that they actively participate in oversight and monitoring of subnational government activities GVRNPRT 10 PI 1.2.3-1 Percent of the public that consider elections in Nepal as free and fair ELCTFREE 11 PI 1.3-3 Percent of the public who think local organizations effectively advocate the peoples’ interests to the government ADVOCATE_9 12 PI 1.3-4 Percent of people in USAID-targeted districts who often participate in community groups/organizations ORGTIME 13 PI 1.3.2-2 Percent of people who feel that they have a moderate or strong voice in political decisions that affect them or their community POLVCE 14 CI* 1.4-3 Percent of people in the target districts satisfied with government services as provided by target institutions SATGOVSERV (1- 11) 15 PI 1.4.2- 2: Percent of people who report that services received satisfactorily respond to their needs SOCSRVHLTH, SOCSRVAG, SOCSRVEDU, 33 S. N. Indicator Number Indicator Name Question/s contributing to it SOCSRVSEC, SOCSRVJUST, SOCSRVTRAFF and SOCSRVCDO/ VDC/CDO 16 PI 1.4.2-3 Percent of people reporting experience of discrimination in accessing public services DISCPUB 34 ANNEX 3: DESEGREGATION OF 16 PMP IGP INDICATORS PI* 1-3 Proportion of target population reporting increased agreement with the concept that males and females should have equal access to social, economic, and political opportunities by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background characteristics Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 85.4 14.6 100 390 85.2 14.8 100 600 70.5 29.5 100 398 77.8 22.2 100 599 Male 77.4 22.6 100 390 80.2 19.8 100 600 63.4 36.6 100 388 66.3 33.7 100 609 Age 15-24 85.5 14.5 100 145 86.1 13.9 100 266 67.3 32.7 100 202 75.0 25.0 100 348 25-34 83.3 16.7 100 198 83.6 16.4 100 342 68.3 31.7 100 205 74.2 25.8 100 353 35-44 79.7 20.3 100 217 80.9 19.1 100 278 70.4 29.6 100 159 72.1 27.9 100 219 45 and above 78.6 21.4 100 220 80.3 19.7 100 314 63.0 37.0 100 219 65.5 34.5 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 87.9 12.1 100 290 84.2 15.8 100 463 77.7 22.3 100 297 77.9 22.1 100 530 Janajati 82.6 17.4 100 270 85.3 14.7 100 429 62.8 37.2 100 290 67.1 32.9 100 429 Dalit 74.7 25.3 100 95 83.1 16.9 100 130 59.2 40.8 100 98 70.3 29.7 100 145 Others# 68.8 31.2 100 125 71.9 28.1 100 178 55.4 44.6 100 101 64.4 35.6 100 104 35 PI 1-4 Proportion of target population reporting increased agreement with the concept that all portions of the population should have equal access to social, economic, and political opportunities by gender, age and caste/ethnicity PI 1.1-2 Percent of people willing to resort to violence if peace and reconciliation process does not meet their expectations by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background characteristics Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 99.5 0.5 100 390 99.3 0.7 100 600 97.2 2.8 100 398 98.7 1.3 100 599 Male 99.7 0.3 100 390 99.7 0.3 100 600 96.9 3.1 100 388 99.5 0.5 100 609 Age 15-24 100.0 0.0 100 145 98.9 1.1 100 266 95.5 4.5 100 202 98.6 1.4 100 348 25-34 100.0 0.0 100 198 100.0 0.0 100 342 97.6 2.4 100 205 99.4 0.6 100 353 35-44 99.5 0.5 100 217 100.0 0.0 100 278 97.5 2.5 100 159 99.1 0.9 100 219 45 and above 99.1 0.9 100 220 99.0 1.0 100 314 97.7 2.3 100 219 99.3 0.7 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 99.3 0.7 100 290 99.8 0.2 100 463 96.3 3.7 100 297 99.4 0.6 100 530 Janajati 100.0 0.0 100 270 99.5 0.5 100 429 96.9 3.1 100 290 98.4 1.6 100 429 Dalit 98.9 1.1 100 95 100.0 0.0 100 130 98.0 2.0 100 98 100.0 0.0 100 145 Others# 100.0 0.0 100 125 98.3 1.7 100 178 99.0 1.0 100 101 99.0 1.0 100 104 36 Background Characteristics 2015 Baseline 2017 Midline National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Certainly willing (%) Probably willing (%) Probably not willing (%) Certainly not willing (%) Total % Total (n) Certainly willing (%) Probably willing (%) Probably not willing (%) Certainly not willing (%) Total % Total (n) Certainly willing (%) Probably willing (%) Probably not willing (%) Certainly not willing (%) Total % Total (n) Certainly willing (%) Probably willing (%) Probably not willing (%) Certainly not willing (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 1 4 15 80 100 390 1 4 15 80 100 600 40 12 24 24 100 398 34 8 22 36 100 599 Male 4 8 16 72 100 390 4 7 15 74 100 600 47 13 21 20 100 388 42 9 22 27 100 609 Age 15-24 3 9 16 72 100 145 5 7 9 79 100 266 27 26 15 32 100 202 33 27 7 33 100 348 25-34 1 7 14 78 100 198 2 5 18 75 100 342 26 22 12 40 100 205 33 22 9 37 100 353 35-44 2 4 15 79 100 217 1 4 12 82 100 278 17 20 12 52 100 159 27 20 11 43 100 219 45 and above 3 5 17 75 100 220 3 5 18 75 100 314 17 21 10 52 100 219 30 18 8 43 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 2 6 12 80 100 290 3 5 13 79 100 463 48 11 20 21 100 297 38 9 20 32 100 530 Janajati 2 4 14 79 100 270 2 7 16 76 100 429 39 15 24 23 100 290 40 7 24 29 100 429 Dalit 1 8 24 66 100 95 2 2 17 79 100 130 31 11 32 27 100 98 32 13 24 31 100 145 Others# 5 7 20 68 100 125 5 6 13 75 100 178 57 9 17 17 100 101 39 5 19 38 100 104 37 PI 1.1-3: Percent of public in target districts expressing tolerance towards other groups (Dalits, women, indigenous peoples, youth, Muslims, Brahmin/Chhetri, etc) by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background characteristics Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 54.9 45.1 100 390 55.8 44.2 100 600 49.9 50.1 100 398 53.6 46.4 100 599 Male 57.7 42.3 100 390 65.3 34.7 100 600 51.3 48.7 100 388 59.4 40.6 100 609 Age 15-24 64.8 35.2 100 145 74.8 25.2 100 266 59.4 40.6 100 202 65.8 34.2 100 348 25-34 61.1 38.9 100 198 61.1 38.9 100 342 52.7 47.3 100 205 60.6 39.4 100 353 35-44 52.1 47.9 100 217 56.5 43.5 100 278 48.4 51.6 100 159 52.5 47.5 100 219 45 and above 50.5 49.5 100 220 51.6 48.4 100 314 42.0 58.0 100 219 43.4 56.6 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 57.6 42.4 100 290 59.4 40.6 100 463 52.0 48.0 100 297 56.2 43.8 100 530 Janajati 63.3 36.7 100 270 66.0 34.0 100 429 55.2 44.8 100 290 62.9 37.1 100 429 Dalit 61.1 38.9 100 95 77.7 22.3 100 130 42.9 57.1 100 98 52.4 47.6 100 145 Others# 34.4 65.6 100 125 38.2 61.8 100 178 40.6 59.4 100 101 37.5 62.5 100 104 38 PI 1.1.1-1 Average percentage of CPA milestones perceived as completed by the public Background Characterist ics 2015 Baseline 2017 Midline National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Yes (%) Partially completed (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) Partially completed (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) Partially completed (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) Partially completed (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 63.9 47.5 53.9 100 390 52.0 48.8 52.9 100 600 60.0 52.3 48.3 100 398 83.3 55.2 42.3 100 599 Male 36.1 52.5 46.1 100 390 48.0 51.2 47.1 100 600 40.0 47.7 51.7 100 388 16.7 44.8 57.7 100 609 Age 15-24 23.6 19.3 12.2 100 145 20.3 23.4 19.2 100 266 20.0 30.4 20.6 100 202 58.3 31.6 24.9 100 348 25-34 25.0 25.3 26.1 100 198 37.4 26.8 29.8 100 342 10.0 24.8 28.1 100 205 8.3 30.5 28.3 100 353 35-44 36.1 25.5 34.8 100 217 22.0 23.5 22.7 100 278 10.0 19.0 21.7 100 159 8.3 18.3 18.2 100 219 45 and above 15.3 29.9 27.0 100 220 20.3 26.4 28.2 100 314 60.0 25.8 29.7 100 219 25.0 19.7 28.6 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhe tri 9.7 75.5 14.8 100 290 11.4 67.2 21.4 100 463 10.0 38.8 37.2 100 297 25.0 43.6 44.7 100 530 Janajati 11.2 75.5 13.4 100 270 9.3 69.7 21.0 100 429 60.0 37.8 35.3 100 290 33.3 35.6 35.3 100 429 Dalit 4.2 75.8 20.0 100 95 20.0 65.4 14.6 100 130 10.0 9.2 11.1 100 98 33.3 13.1 10.6 100 145 Others# 8.0 78.4 13.6 100 125 2.2 71.3 26.4 100 178 20.0 14.2 16.4 100 101 8.3 7.7 9.4 100 104 39 PI 1.1.2-1: Percent of public with continuing/ongoing and/or major unresolved local conflicts in their community by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background characteristics 2015 Baseline 2017 Midline National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample People mostly get along; there are no There are occasional conflicts but they are There are moderate continuing conflicts There are major unresolved conflicts Total % Total (n) People mostly get along; there are no There are occasional conflicts but they are There are moderate continuing conflicts There are major unresolved conflicts Total % Total (n) People mostly get along; there are no There are occasional conflicts but they are There are moderate continuing conflicts There are major unresolved conflicts Total % Total (n) People mostly get along; there are no There are occasional conflicts but they are There are moderate continuing conflicts There are major unresolved conflicts Total % Total (n) Gender Female 12.3 1.0 54 .9 31.8 100 390 7.5 1.0 58.3 33.2 100 600 43.2 39.2 16.3 1.3 100 398 41.0 38.7 19.4 0.8 100 599 Male 11.8 0.8 46 .2 41.3 100 390 7.2 1.0 52.3 39.5 100 600 37.6 40.2 19.8 2.3 100 388 35.6 42.4 21.0 1.0 100 609 Age 15-24 12.4 1.4 53 .8 32.4 100 145 6.4 0.4 53.8 39.5 100 266 46.8 36.8 14.5 1.8 100 202 43.9 35.2 19.5 1.4 100 348 25-34 11.6 0.5 53 .5 34.3 100 198 8.8 1.8 56.7 32.7 100 342 41.5 35.2 22.6 0.6 100 205 41.6 36.5 21.9 0.0 100 353 35-44 12.0 0.9 51 .6 35.5 100 217 7.2 0.7 59.7 32.4 100 278 42.0 39.5 16.1 2.4 100 159 40.9 40.1 17.6 1.4 100 219 45 and above 12.3 0.9 44 .5 42.3 100 220 6.7 1.0 51.3 41.1 100 314 31.2 46.5 20.3 2.0 100 219 29.0 48.0 22.4 0.6 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 3.1 1.0 61 .4 34.5 100 290 6.0 1.3 66.1 26.6 100 463 34.7 43.6 19.8 2.0 100 297 34.6 43.3 20.2 34.6 100 530 Janajati 8.1 0.7 57 .0 34.1 100 270 6.1 1.2 51.0 41.7 100 429 33.7 43.9 20.4 2.0 100 290 41.0 33.3 23.6 41.0 100 429 Dalit 26.3 0.0 35 .8 37.9 100 95 6.2 0.0 59.2 34.6 100 130 38.6 41.4 17.9 2.1 100 98 32.2 47.1 20.5 32.2 100 145 Others# 30.4 1.6 22 .4 45.6 100 125 14.6 0.6 34.8 50.0 100 178 46.5 35.4 16.8 1.3 100 101 43.3 36.7 19.1 43.3 100 104 40 PI 1.1.2-2 Percent of public in target USAID districts aware of any community efforts in to resolve conflicts by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background Characteristics Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 68.2 31.8 100 390 62.8 37.2 100 600 55.8 44.2 100 398 57.9 42.1 100 599 Male 79.5 20.5 100 390 78.0 22.0 100 600 65.7 34.3 100 388 70.3 29.7 100 609 Age 15-24 73.1 26.9 100 145 61.0 39.0 100 266 54.0 46.0 100 202 59.9 40.1 100 348 25-34 67.4 32.6 100 198 66.2 33.8 100 342 59.7 40.3 100 205 66.5 33.5 100 353 35-44 76.2 23.8 100 217 72.3 27.7 100 278 64.5 35.5 100 159 68.0 32.0 100 219 45 and above 78.7 21.3 100 220 82.4 17.6 100 314 67.5 32.5 100 219 65.8 34.2 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 76.8 23.2 100 290 69.4 30.6 100 463 71.1 28.9 100 297 61.1 38.9 100 530 Janajati 80.2 19.8 100 270 76.2 23.8 100 429 51.7 48.3 100 290 64.8 35.2 100 429 Dalit 75.4 24.6 100 95 64.2 35.8 100 130 50.8 49.2 100 98 66.3 33.7 100 145 Others# 63.9 36.1 100 125 66.4 33.6 100 178 71.2 28.8 100 101 75.0 25.0 100 104 41 PI 1.2-3 Percent of people who used a social accountability mechanism in past 12 months by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background Characteristics Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 5.6 94.4 100 390 3.2 96.8 100 600 17.1 82.9 100 398 21.2 78.8 100 599 Male 9.5 90.5 100 390 10.8 89.2 100 600 27.6 72.4 100 388 28.4 71.6 100 609 Age 15-24 7.6 92.4 100 145 6.0 94.0 100 266 18.8 81.2 100 202 21.6 78.4 100 348 25-34 7.1 92.9 100 198 5.6 94.4 100 342 21.5 78.5 100 205 23.2 76.8 100 353 35-44 8.8 91.2 100 217 9.4 90.6 100 278 23.3 76.7 100 159 28.3 71.7 100 219 45 and above 6.8 93.2 100 220 7.3 92.7 100 314 25.5 74.5 100 219 28.1 71.9 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 10.7 89.3 100 290 11.9 88.1 100 463 28.3 71.7 100 297 24.5 75.5 100 530 Janajati 7.4 92.6 100 270 4.4 95.6 100 429 19.0 81.0 100 290 28.4 71.6 100 429 Dalit 4.2 95.8 100 95 4.6 95.4 100 130 18.4 81.6 100 98 18.6 81.4 100 145 Others# 3.2 96.8 100 125 2.2 97.8 100 178 17.8 82.2 100 101 20.2 79.8 100 104 42 PI 1.2.2-1 Percent of people who indicate that they actively participate in oversight and monitoring of subnational government activities by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background characteristics Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 4.9 94.9 100 390 3.8 96.2 100 600 22.7 77.3 100 398 22.1 77.9 100 599 Male 13.8 86.2 100 390 11.5 88.5 100 600 36.0 64.0 100 388 40.1 59.9 100 609 Age 15-24 2.1 97.9 100 145 6.8 93.2 100 266 18.3 81.7 100 202 24.1 75.9 100 348 25-34 9.6 89.9 100 198 5.3 94.7 100 342 28.9 71.1 100 205 27.8 72.2 100 353 35-44 10.6 89.4 100 217 8.6 91.4 100 278 36.1 63.9 100 159 39.7 60.3 100 219 45 and above 12.7 87.3 100 220 10.2 89.8 100 314 34.9 65.1 100 219 37.3 62.7 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 12.4 87.6 100 290 11.9 88.1 100 463 33.3 66.7 100 297 34.0 66.0 100 530 Janajati 6.7 93.0 100 270 4.2 95.8 100 429 27.3 72.7 100 290 28.5 71.5 100 429 Dalit 7.4 92.6 100 95 7.7 92.3 100 130 29.6 70.4 100 98 27.6 72.4 100 145 Others# 9.6 90.4 100 125 5.1 94.9 100 178 22.8 77.2 100 101 32.7 67.3 100 104 43 PI 1.2.3-1 Percent of public that consider elections in Nepal as free and fair by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background Characteristics 2015 Baseline 2017 Midline National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Completely free & fair (%) Mostly free and fair, but with minor problems (%) Somewhat free and fair, but with major problems (%) Not at all free and fair (%) Total % Total (n) Completely free & fair (%) Mostly free and fair, but with minor problems (%) Somewhat free and fair, but with major problems (%) Not at all free and fair (%) Total % Total (n) Completely free & fair (%) Mostly free and fair, but with minor problems (%) Somewhat free and fair, but with major problems (%) Not at all free and fair (%) Total % Total (n) Completely free & fair (%) Mostly free and fair, but with minor problems (%) Somewhat free and fair, but with major problems (%) Not at all free and fair (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 36 51 8 3 100 390 33 48 12 3 100 600 25 35 25 16 100 398 26 37 22 15 100 599 Male 29 56 9 5 100 390 31 53 10 6 100 600 20 44 19 16 100 388 19 42 25 15 100 609 Age 15-24 27 58 9 4 100 145 27 53 12 27 100 266 18 40 21 21 100 202 17 44 25 14 100 348 25-34 27 58 11 3 100 198 33 50 12 33 100 342 21 42 24 14 100 205 23 41 22 15 100 353 35-44 36 52 8 3 100 217 28 56 9 28 100 278 25 37 26 12 100 159 22 38 22 18 100 219 45 and above 37 50 7 5 100 220 40 44 10 4 100 314 26 39 19 16 100 219 28 32 26 14 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 31 55 11 3 100 290 32 52 10 5 100 463 17 42 26 15 100 297 18 42 27 14 100 530 Janajati 33 50 9 6 100 270 31 49 14 3 100 429 21 41 21 18 100 290 24 38 22 15 100 429 Dalit 34 60 5 100 95 38 51 6 4 100 130 24 37 16 23 100 98 22 42 21 15 100 145 Others# 34 54 6 2 100 125 28 49 9 6 100 178 42 30 20 8 100 101 38 28 19 15 100 104 44 PI 1.3-3 Percent of public who think local organizations effectively advocate the peoples’ interests to the government by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background Characteristics 2015 baseline 2017 Midline National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Very Effective (%) Somewhat Effective (%) Not effective (%) Total % Total (n) Very Effective (%) Somewhat Effective (%) Not effective (%) Total % Total (n) Very Effective (%) Somewhat Effective (%) Not effective (%) Total % Total (n) Very Effective (%) Somewhat Effective (%) Not effective (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 7.4 60.3 26.2 100 390 8.8 56.3 30.3 100 600 28.7 61.7 9.6 100 398 23.5 67.8 8.7 100 599 Male 8.5 67.4 22.1 100 390 13.7 56.8 27.8 100 600 19.6 74.1 6.3 100 388 17.5 73.1 9.4 100 609 Age 15-24 6.9 67.6 22.8 100 145 10.5 59.4 27.4 100 266 22.8 69.3 7.9 100 202 22.1 73.3 4.6 100 348 25-34 7.6 62.1 25.3 100 198 11.4 59.6 26.9 100 342 20.7 75.2 4.1 100 205 22.6 65.3 12.1 100 353 35-44 9.2 59.4 28.1 100 217 9.0 58.3 28.8 100 278 23.3 70.9 5.8 100 159 15.5 79.8 4.7 100 219 45 and above 7.7 67.3 20.0 100 220 13.7 49.4 33.1 100 314 26.7 61.5 11.9 100 219 18.1 67.5 14.4 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 7.2 66.9 23.8 100 290 15.3 58.1 25.1 100 463 18.9 74.7 6.3 100 297 15.1 76.7 8.2 100 530 Janajati 7.8 59.6 24.8 100 270 8.4 58.7 30.3 100 429 24.5 65.7 9.8 100 290 22.1 66.8 11.1 100 429 Dalit 6.3 56.8 34.7 100 95 6.9 49.2 40.0 100 130 31.1 64.4 4.4 100 98 29.9 62.3 7.8 100 145 Others# 11 71.2 15.2 100 125 10.7 52.8 28.7 100 178 29.2 61.5 9.2 100 101 27.6 63.8 8.6 100 104 45 PI 1.3-4 Percent of people in USAID-targeted districts who often participate in community groups/organizations by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background Characteristics 2015 Baseline 2017 Midline National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Often (%) Sometimes (%) Rarely (%) Never (%) Total % Total (n) Often (%) Sometimes (%) Rarely (%) Never (%) Total % Total (n) Often (%) Sometimes (%) Rarely (%) Never (%) Total % Total (n) Often (%) Sometimes (%) Rarely (%) Never (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 3 5 34 59 100 390 2 5 34 60 100 600 28 39 1 32 100 398 32 41 4 23 100 599 Male 3 5 36 56 100 390 1 7 35 58 100 600 31 42 7 20 100 388 35 43 3 19 100 609 Age 15-24 0 10 27 63 100 145 2 12 37 50 100 266 22 47 2 30 100 202 23 55 1 21 100 348 25-34 2 5 37 57 100 198 1 4 40 55 100 342 32 42 4 22 100 205 35 38 6 22 100 353 35-44 1 6 38 55 100 217 3 6 34 57 100 278 32 33 6 29 100 159 36 42 5 18 100 219 45 and above 7 2 32 60 100 220 4 27 70 100 314 32 41 4 24 100 219 41 34 3 23 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 2 3 33 62 100 290 1 4 35 60 100 463 33 41 5 20 100 297 36 42 4 18 100 530 Janajati 2 8 32 58 100 270 1 6 39 55 100 429 31 38 3 29 100 290 33 40 3 24 100 429 Dalit 5 5 55 35 100 95 0 14 16 70 100 130 16 48 0 36 100 98 34 44 2 20 100 145 Others# 5 5 36 55 100 125 10 7 27 57 100 178 26 39 9 26 100 101 27 43 4 27 100 104 46 PI 1.3.2-2 Percent of people who feel that they have a moderate or strong voice in political decisions that affect them or their community by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background Characteristics 2015 Baseline 2017 Midline National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample A very strong voice (%) A moderate voice (%) A weak voice (%) No voice at all (%) Total % Total (n) A very strong voice (%) A moderate voice (%) A weak voice (%) No voice at all (%) Total % Total (n) A very strong voice (%) A moderate voice (%) A weak voice (%) No voice at all (%) Total % Total (n) A very strong voice (%) A moderate voice (%) A weak voice (%) No voice at all (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 1 26 40 32 100 390 1 27 46 26 100 600 24 39 7 30 100 398 24 44 7 25 100 599 Male 7 45 34 14 100 390 4 45 38 13 100 600 33 44 6 16 100 388 31 50 7 12 100 609 Age 15-24 1 32 40 26 100 145 2 31 46 22 100 266 24 50 5 21 100 202 20 53 9 18 100 348 25-34 4 36 38 21 100 198 3 38 44 15 100 342 28 42 6 24 100 205 27 47 6 20 100 353 35-44 5 37 35 23 100 217 1 35 44 19 100 278 30 36 9 25 100 159 30 46 5 18 100 219 45 and above 5 36 36 23 100 220 3 39 35 23 100 314 33 38 7 22 100 219 35 39 8 19 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 6 40 36 18 100 290 4 42 41 13 100 463 34 41 8 17 100 297 28 47 6 19 100 530 Janajati 3 33 37 26 100 270 1 33 45 21 100 429 26 46 5 24 100 290 27 49 8 16 100 429 Dalit 2 28 38 32 100 95 2 31 40 27 100 130 31 39 5 25 100 98 28 45 8 19 100 145 Others# 4 36 38 22 100 125 2 30 41 27 100 178 21 37 9 34 100 101 27 41 4 28 100 104 47 CI* 1.4-3 Percent of people in target districts satisfied with government services as provided by target institutions by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background Characteristics Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) National Sample USAID sample National Sample USAID sample Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 57.9 42.1 100 390 44.7 55.3 100 600 81.1 18.9 100 398 83.1 16.9 100 599 Male 47.4 52.6 100 390 37.5 62.5 100 600 77.2 22.8 100 388 74.0 26.0 100 609 Age 15-24 53.8 46.2 100 145 45.5 54.5 100 266 85.2 14.8 100 202 81.1 18.9 100 348 25-34 53.5 46.5 100 198 38.9 61.1 100 342 81.6 18.4 100 205 76.9 23.1 100 353 35-44 51.2 48.8 100 217 39.9 60.1 100 278 73.2 26.8 100 159 81.6 18.4 100 219 45 and above 52.7 47.3 100 220 40.8 59.2 100 314 75.1 24.9 100 219 74.4 25.6 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 52.1 47.9 100 290 34.3 65.7 100 463 77.7 22.3 100 297 76.0 24.0 100 530 Janajati 53.3 46.7 100 270 46.6 53.4 100 429 83.2 16.8 100 290 80.5 19.5 100 429 Dalit 51.6 48.4 100 95 43.8 56.2 100 130 70.0 30.0 100 98 78.4 21.6 100 145 Others# 53.6 46.4 100 125 43.3 56.7 100 178 80.0 20.0 100 101 81.9 18.1 100 104 48 PI 1.4.2-2 Percent of people who report that services received satisfactorily respond to their needs by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background Characteristics Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 54.4 45.6 100 390 47.0 53.0 100 600 70.4 28.6 100 398 73.1 25.7 100 599 Male 48.5 51.5 100 390 35.5 64.5 100 600 66.5 33.0 100 388 66.3 33.3 100 609 Age 15-24 48.3 51.7 100 145 43.2 56.8 100 266 75.2 24.8 100 202 73.9 25.6 100 348 25-34 51.0 49.0 100 198 42.7 57.3 100 342 67.8 32.2 100 205 67.4 31.7 100 353 35-44 52.1 47.9 100 217 39.6 60.4 100 278 64.2 35.2 100 159 68.9 30.6 100 219 45 and above 53.2 46.8 100 220 39.5 60.5 100 314 65.9 31.8 100 219 68.1 30.9 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 50.3 49.7 100 290 37.1 62.9 100 463 64.6 34.3 100 297 68.1 31.3 100 530 Janajati 50.7 49.3 100 270 45.7 54.3 100 429 71.0 28.6 100 290 70.6 28.4 100 429 Dalit 50.5 49.5 100 95 46.2 53.8 100 130 72.4 27.6 100 98 69.7 29.7 100 145 Others# 56.0 44.0 100 125 37.6 62.4 100 178 68.3 29.7 100 101 74.0 25.0 100 104 49 1.4.2-3 Percent of people reporting experience of discrimination in accessing public service by gender, age and caste/ethnicity Background Characteristics Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) National Sample USAID Sample National Sample USAID Sample Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Yes (%) No (%) Total % Total (n) Gender Female 1.0 98.7 100 390 2.2 97.8 100 600 5.1 94.9 100 398 4.2 95.8 100 599 Male 1.8 97.7 100 390 2.2 97.7 100 600 4.9 95.1 100 388 5.1 94.9 100 609 Age 15-24 1.4 97.9 100 145 1.1 98.9 100 266 7.0 93.0 100 202 3.8 96.2 100 348 25-34 1.5 98.0 100 198 2.3 97.4 100 342 3.9 96.1 100 205 5.1 94.9 100 353 35-44 0.5 99.1 100 217 3.6 96.4 100 278 5.1 94.9 100 159 4.6 95.4 100 219 45 and above 2.3 97.7 100 220 1.6 98.4 100 314 4.1 95.9 100 219 5.3 94.7 100 287 Caste-ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 0.0 100.0 100 290 0.0 99.8 100 463 3.8 96.2 100 297 3.0 97.0 100 530 Janajati 1.5 97.4 100 270 2.6 97.4 100 429 5.9 94.1 100 290 4.7 95.3 100 429 Dalit 7.4 92.6 100 95 3.1 96.9 100 130 8.2 91.8 100 98 6.3 93.7 100 145 Others# 0.0 100.0 100 125 6.2 93.8 100 178 3.0 97.0 100 101 10.7 89.3 100 104 50 ANNEX 4: STUDY DISTRICTS AND CLUSTER AND SAMPLE SIZE i. USAID sample USAID Program Districts Survey Sample Distribution: 1,200(baseline)/1.208(midline) Respondents across 80 Clusters (15 household per cluster) List of wards selected based on the population distribution for USAID program districts Region Zone District VDC / Municipality Name Ward No Sample Midwestern Terai Bheri Banke Baijapur 4 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Banke Betahani 6 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Banke Jaispur 2 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Banke Kohalpur 7 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Banke Mahadevpuri 2 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Banke Naubasta 2 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Banke Nepalgunj Municipality 12 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Banke Paraspur 7 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Banke Rajhena 8 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Banke Sonpur 9 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Bardiya Badalpur 4 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Bardiya Belawa 5 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Bardiya Deudakala 3 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Bardiya Gulariya Municipality 3 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Bardiya Gulariya Municipality 6 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Bardiya Kalika 4 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Bardiya Manpur Mainapokhar 2 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Bardiya Neulapur 6 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Bardiya Patabhar 9 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Bardiya Sorhawa 4 15 Midwestern Terai Rapti Dang Chaulahi 3 15 Midwestern Terai Rapti Dang Gadhawa 4 15 Midwestern Terai Rapti Dang Ghorahi Municipality 10 15 Midwestern Terai Rapti Dang Halwar 5 15 Midwestern Terai Rapti Dang Lalmatiya 4 15 Midwestern Terai Rapti Dang Narayanpur 3 15 Midwestern Terai Rapti Dang Rajpur 2 15 51 Region Zone District VDC / Municipality Name Ward No Sample Midwestern Terai Rapti Dang Shantinagar 9 15 Midwestern Terai Rapti Dang Tulsipur Municipality 6 15 Midwestern Terai Rapti Dang Tulsipur Municipality 7 15 Farwestern Terai Seti Kailali Baliya 8 15 Farwestern Terai Seti Kailali Chaumala 8 15 Farwestern Terai Seti Kailali Dhangadhi Municipality 1 15 Farwestern Terai Seti Kailali Dhangadhi Municipality 12 15 Farwestern Terai Seti Kailali Godawari 2 15 Farwestern Terai Seti Kailali Lalbojhi 2 15 Farwestern Terai Seti Kailali Narayanpur 9 15 Farwestern Terai Seti Kailali Pratapapur 5 15 Farwestern Terai Seti Kailali Sreepur 4 15 Farwestern Terai Seti Kailali Tikapur Municipality 8 15 Farwestern Terai Mahakali Kanchanpur Beldandi 3 15 Farwestern Terai Mahakali Kanchanpur Bhimdatta Municipality 6 15 Farwestern Terai Mahakali Kanchanpur Bhimdatta Municipality 8 15 Farwestern Terai Mahakali Kanchanpur Chandani 6 15 Farwestern Terai Mahakali Kanchanpur Dekhatbhuli 9 15 Farwestern Terai Mahakali Kanchanpur Jhalari 2 15 Farwestern Terai Mahakali Kanchanpur Krishnapur 4 15 Farwestern Terai Mahakali Kanchanpur Pipaladi 7 15 Farwestern Terai Mahakali Kanchanpur Rampur Bilasipur 9 15 Farwestern Terai Mahakali Kanchanpur Suda 4 15 Midwestern Hills Bheri Surkhet Birendranagar Municipality 3 15 Midwestern Hills Bheri Surkhet Birendranagar Municipality 6 15 Midwestern Hills Bheri Surkhet Birendranagar Municipality 10 15 Midwestern Hills Bheri Surkhet Ghumkhahare 7 15 Midwestern Hills Bheri Surkhet Kalyan 3 15 Midwestern Hills Bheri Surkhet Latikoili 9 15 Midwestern Hills Bheri Surkhet Maintada 1 15 Midwestern Hills Bheri Surkhet Ramghat 3 15 Midwestern Hills Bheri Surkhet Satakhani 2 15 Midwestern Hills Bheri Surkhet Uttarganga 8 15 Western Terai Lumbini Kapilbastu Barkulpur 4 15 Western Terai Lumbini Kapilbastu Birpur 9 15 Western Terai Lumbini Kapilbastu Fulika 5 15 52 Region Zone District VDC / Municipality Name Ward No Sample Western Terai Lumbini Kapilbastu Hathausa 1 15 Western Terai Lumbini Kapilbastu Kapilvastu Municipality 12 15 Western Terai Lumbini Kapilbastu Krishnanagar 5 15 Western Terai Lumbini Kapilbastu Mahendrakot 6 15 Western Terai Lumbini Kapilbastu Pakadi 4 15 Western Terai Lumbini Kapilbastu Shivagadhi 3 15 Western Terai Lumbini Kapilbastu Tilaurakot 3 15 Central Hills Narayani Makwanpur Basamadi 8 15 Central Hills Narayani Makwanpur Churiyamai 3 15 Central Hills Narayani Makwanpur Faparbari 1 15 Central Hills Narayani Makwanpur Hatiya 3 15 Central Hills Narayani Makwanpur Hetauda Municipality 5 15 Central Hills Narayani Makwanpur Hetauda Municipality 10 15 Central Hills Narayani Makwanpur Kankada 4 15 Central Hills Narayani Makwanpur Namtar 6 15 Central Hills Narayani Makwanpur Raigaun 6 15 Central Hills Narayani Makwanpur Shreepur Chhatiwan 4 15 53 ii. NATIONAL SAMPLE BY DISTRICT National Sample Distribution: 780 (baseline)/786 (midline) respondents across 52 Clusters (15 household per cluster) List of wards selected based on the population distribution for national survey Region Zone District VDC / Municipality Name Ward Sample Eastern Mountain Koshi Sankhuwasabha Khandbari Municipality 3 15 Eastern Hills Koshi Dhankuta Bhirgaun 5 15 Eastern Hills Mechi Ilam Naya Bazar 5 15 Eastern Hills Sagarmath a Udayapur Beltar 1 15 Eastern Terai Koshi Morang Dadarbairiya/ 1 15 Eastern Terai Koshi Morang Sisawanijahada 8 15 Eastern Terai Koshi Sunsari Hansaposa 2 15 Eastern Terai Mechi Jhapa Bahundangi/ 4 15 Eastern Terai Mechi Jhapa Maheshpur 2 15 Eastern Terai Sagarmath a Saptari Kamalpur 6 15 Eastern Terai Sagarmath a Siraha Majhauliya 2 15 Sub-Total Eastern Region 165 Central Mountain Janakpur Rasuwa Laharepauwa 8 15 Central Hills Bagmati Ramechhap Manthali 4 15 Central Hills Bagmati Kathmandu Gothatar 8 15 Central Hills Bagmati Kathmandu Kathmandu Metro 15 15 Central Hills Bagmati Kathmandu Kathmandu Metro 16 15 Central Hills Bagmati Kathmandu Kathmandu Metro 33 15 Central Hills Bagmati Kavrepalanchok Gairi Bisouna Deupur 3 15 Central Hills Bagmati Lalitpur Lalitpur Sub￾Metropolitan City 4 15 Central Hills Janakpur Sindhuli Hatpate 4 15 Central Hills Narayani Makwanpur Palung 7 15 Central Terai Narayani Bara Narahi 9 15 Central Terai Narayani Chitawan Shaktikhor 5 15 Central Terai Narayani Chitawan Birendranagar 8 15 Central Terai Janakpur Dhanusa Khariyani 7 15 Central Terai Janakpur Mahottari Fulahatta Parikauli 8 15 Central Terai Narayani Parsa Bageshwari Titrona 2 15 Central Terai Narayani Rautahat Chandranigahapur 5 15 54 Region Zone District VDC / Municipality Name Ward Sample Central Terai Janakpur Sarlahi Noukailawa 1 15 Central Terai Janakpur Sarlahi Barahathawa 9 15 Sub-total Central Region 285 Western Mountain Dhaulagiri Mustang Marpha 5 15 Western Hills Dhaulagiri Baglung Paiyunpata 4 15 Western Hills Gandaki Kaski Ghandruk/ 8 15 Western Hills Gandaki Kaski Pokhara Sub￾Metro 8 15 Western Hills Gandaki Syangja Aruchaur 9 15 Western Hills Gandaki Tanahu Kahu Shivapur 4 15 Western Terai Lumbini Kapilbastu Kapilvastu Municipality 1 15 Western Terai Lumbini Nawalparasi Makar 1 15 Western Terai Lumbini Rupandehi Butwal Municipality/ 14 15 Western Terai Lumbini Rupandehi Parroha 6 15 Sub-total Western Region 150 Midwestern Mountain Karnali Kalikot Manma 5 15 Midwestern Hills Bheri Dailekh Raniban 9 15 Midwestern Hills Bheri Surkhet Sahare 9 15 Midwestern Hills Rapti Rukum Garayala 3 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Banke Nepalgunj Municipality 4 15 Midwestern Terai Bheri Bardiya Naya Gaun 1 15 Midwestern Terai Rapti Dang Pawan Nagar 5 15 Sub-total Mid-western Region 105 Farwestern Mountain Seti Bajura Barhabis 5 15 Farwestern Hills Mahakali Dadeldhura Amargadhi Municipality 3 15 Farwestern Hills Seti Doti Dipayal Silgadhi Municipality 6 15 Farwestern Terai Seti Kailali Tikapur Municipality 8 15 Farwestern Terai Seti Kailali Chaumala 5 15 Sub-total Far-western Region 75 TOTAL 780 55 ANNEX 5: TABLES OF ALL QUESTIONS COMPARING 2015 BASELINE AND 2017 MIDLINE Section 1: Demographic characteristics Table 1.1: The distribution of respondents by sample characteristics with significant test Issues Baseline (n=1980) % Midline (n=1994) % Total (n=3974) % Gender Female 50.0 50.0 50.0 Male 50.0 50.0 50.0 Age (in completed years) 15-24 20.8 27.6 24.2 25-34 27.3 28.0 27.6 35-44 25.0 19.0 22.0 45-65 27.0 25.5 26.2 Mean Age 36.0 34.8 35.5 Significance Test P<.05** Educational qualification No formal education 29.6 16.4 23.0 Primary education (either complete or incomplete) 19.9 17.3 18.6 Incomplete secondary education 31.5 40.1 35.9 Higher education (complete or incomplete) 12.6 18.2 15.4 Graduate & above 6.3 7.9 7.1 Significance Test P<.05** Marital status Married 83.3 79.4 81.4 Never Married/Separated/Widowed 16.7 20.6 18.6 Significance Test P<.05** Caste Ethnicity Brahmin/Chhetri 38.0 41.5 39.8 Janajati 35.3 36.1 35.7 Dalit 11.4 12.2 11.8 Others 15.3 10.3 12.8 Significance Test p<.05** ** means significant at .01 level * means significant at .05 level 56 Section 2: Peace Process Supported Table 2.1 Average percentage of CPA milestones perceived as completed by the public Response Baseline (2015) Midline (2017) National Sample USAID sample Total National Sample USAID sample Total N % N % N % N % N % N % Too Slow 654 83.8 1051 87.6 1705 86.1 445 56.6 643 53.2 1088 54.6 About the right Speed 107 13.7 124 10.3 231 11.7 276 35.1 475 39.3 751 37.7 Too Fast 11 1.4 18 1.5 29 1.5 58 7.4 78 6.5 136 6.8 Don’t Know 8 1.0 7 0.6 15 0.8 7 0.9 12 1.0 Total 780 100.0 1200 100.0 1980 100.0 786 100.0 1208 100.0 1994 100.0 Table 2.2 Percentage of CPA milestone perceived as completed by the public categorized by different eleven components3 Components of peace process and response Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Absolving the king and electing constituent assembly Yes 80.4 75.6 3.8 2.6 Partially completed 18.5 20.4 71.2 78.2 No 0.6 2.7 22.9 17.4 Don't Know/Have never heard of it/Missing cases 0.5 1.3 2 1.9 Ending the conflict Yes 42.8 53.9 8.1 6.6 Partially completed 51.8 38.5 78.6 82.1 No 5.1 7.0 11.2 9.4 Don't Know/Have never heard of it/Missing cases 0.3 0.7 2.2 1.8 Drafting a new constitution Yes 48.3 50.8 5.9 5.2 Partially completed 41.8 40.2 73.2 77.2 No 6.8 5.7 14.1 12.1 Don't Know/Have never heard of it/Missing 3.1 3.3 6.9 5.4 Guaranteeing human rights for all of Nepal’s citizens, including social, civil, economic and cultural rights Yes 5.0 3.2 5.5 5.0 Partially completed 81.3 76 77.1 80.4 No 10.1 13.4 14.2 12.7 Don't Know/Have never heard of it 3.5 7.5 Refused/Missing 0.1 0.0 3.2 1.8 3 Missing response <2 % 57 Components of peace process and response Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Resolving problems based on class, caste, region and gender Yes 3.7 4.1 5.9 5.0 Partially completed 78.7 72.3 79.2 81.3 No 15.8 21.3 13.2 12.0 Don't Know/Have never heard of it/Missing 1.8 2.3 1.8 1.7 Restructuring the State Yes 8.8 6.8 6.0 5.5 Partially completed 50.5 46.3 74.5 74.6 No 31.5 32.3 16.0 15.9 Don't Know/Have never heard of it/ Missing cases 9.2 14.7 3.4 4.1 Managing the army and arms Yes 37.4 36.3 14.0 14.8 Partially completed 54.3 50.7 71.6 72.6 No 3.1 3.7 7.6 6.5 Don't Know/Have never heard of it 5.0 9.4 Refused/Missing 0.1 0.0 6.7 6.2 Reintegration of Maoist combatants in to Nepal Army Yes 56.2 54.3 15.9 13.7 Partially completed 37.9 36.5 68.7 72.0 No 1.9 3.2 10.4 9.2 Don't Know/Have never heard of it/Missing 4.0 6.1 5.0 5.0 Establishing a Truth and Reconciliation Commission and a Commission on Investigation of Disappeared Persons / evaluation of the progress made by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission4 Yes 8.6 8.2 1.5 1.2 Partially completed 34.6 30.1 30.6 31.2 No 7.3 11.3 4.8 3.7 Don't Know/Have never heard of it/Not Applicable 49.4 50.6 63.0 63.9 Clearing landmines Yes 24.9 23.4 14.2 16.5 Partially completed 64.8 59.5 67.4 71.7 No 5.8 8.2 13.0 9.1 Don't Know/Have never heard of it/Missing 4.6 8.9 5.3 2.7 Implementing new land reform 4 The questions used in the baseline 2015 and mid-line were completely different; in the baseline, the question was concerning the progress made in terms of establishing a Truth and Reconciliation Commission and a Commission on Investigation of Disappeared Persons; in contrast, in the midline, the question concerned the evaluation of the progress made by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, as it was already established in 2016. 58 Components of peace process and response Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Yes 0.8 1.1 5.2 5.0 Partially completed 35.5 29.9 67 65.6 No 39.7 45.3 22.8 25.9 Don't Know/Have never heard of it/Missing 24.1 23.7 5.0 3.5 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 Table 2.3 Ideas/opinions about what is required to create and sustain a just and lasting peace5 Components to create and sustain a just and lasting peace Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Letting the families of missing people know what happened to their loved ones Very Important 86.2 85.5 77.7 81.0 Somewhat Important 13.3 14.1 16.5 15.1 Not Very Important 0.5 0.3 1.3 1.6 Not at All Important 0.0 0.1 3.1 1.9 Providing a true and unbiased account of who was to blame for the conflict Very Important 76.5 77.8 71.5 69.9 Somewhat Important 21.9 20.6 20.0 22.2 Not Very Important 1.0 1.5 1.4 1.7 Not at All Important 0.3 77.8 3.8 4.1 Providing financial compensation, for those who suffered losses in the conflict Very Important 74.7 70.7 77.1 78.0 Somewhat Important 23.6 27.7 17.8 18.1 Not Very Important 1.4 1.4 0.8 0.9 Not at All Important 0.1 0.3 2.5 2.2 Providing services including rehabilitation, psychosocial support, building memorials of the conflict victims Very Important 33.7 30.8 62.1 62.7 Somewhat Important 48.1 46.3 30.2 30.9 Not Very Important 14.4 18.4 2.2 2.6 Not at All Important 3.5 3.9 4.1 2.7 Ensuring that human rights abuses will not happen again in Nepal Very Important 74.6 77.2 79.3 77.2 Somewhat Important 24.0 21.9 15.8 18.9 5 Non-response/Missing response < 1% 59 Components to create and sustain a just and lasting peace Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Not Very Important 1.3 0.7 0.8 0.9 Not at All Important 0.1 0.2 2.4 1.9 Punishing those responsible for crimes and other human rights violations during the conflict Very Important 71.3 75.0 78.9 81.3 Somewhat Important 26.7 23.1 15.0 15.2 Not Very Important 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.4 Not at All Important 0.1 0.3 2.8 1.7 Building ties between the participants in the conflict to increase cooperation and trust Very Important 64.5 62.8 73.8 73.5 Somewhat Important 33.1 35.4 21.1 23.1 Not Very Important 1.9 1.6 0.9 0.7 Not at All Important 0.3 0.3 2.8 1.6 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 Table 2.4 Opinions on the following statements about the conflict6 Opinions about conflict Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Conduct investigations into the armed conflict so that we can learn from our mistakes and not make them again Certainly True/Strongly Agree 56.5 57.7 73.8 72.7 Probably True/Somewhat Agree 41.8 40.2 20.2 21.6 Probably Not True/Somewhat Disagree 0.8 1.8 1.5 2.5 Certainly Not True/Strongly Disagree 0.6 0.3 3.6 2.6 Better not to open old wounds by talking about what happened in the past Certainly True/Strongly Agree 26.4 22.5 57.6 54.7 Probably True/Somewhat Agree 47.8 45.1 15.0 17.9 Probably Not True/Somewhat Disagree 18.1 23.5 11.2 11.6 Certainly Not True/Strongly Disagree 7.6 8.9 16.2 15.7 I want my children to learn about what happened during the conflict period Certainly True/Strongly Agree 56.0 51.9 64.5 62.9 Probably True/Somewhat Agree 36.5 35.0 19.1 20.6 Probably Not True/Somewhat Disagree 5.0 7.8 6.2 4.6 Certainly Not True/Strongly Disagree 2.4 5.3 9.8 11.5 6 Non-response/Missing response < 1% 60 Opinions about conflict Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) The conflict caused great pain, but it served an important cause which justified the pain in the long run Certainly True/Strongly Agree 11.8 12.7 42.6 40.2 Probably True/Somewhat Agree 51.7 53.3 24.7 24.8 Probably Not True/Somewhat Disagree 29.0 23.6 11.5 12.5 Certainly Not True/Strongly Disagree 6.8 9.4 20.2 20.7 In the long run, the conflict has made or will make Nepal a better country Certainly True/Strongly Agree 7.3 7.3 43.5 38.7 Probably True/Somewhat Agree 38.5 39.3 22.3 22.5 Probably Not True/Somewhat Disagree 36.2 34.8 11.3 12.1 Certainly Not True/Strongly Disagree 17.2 18.3 22.3 25.7 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 Table 2.5: Incidence happened to you and your family member in the conflict7 Incidence happened to you/your family Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Did anything happen to you or a member of your family in the conflict Yes 14.9 19.9 33.2 40.5 No 85.1 80.1 66.8 59.5 Which of the following happened to you or a member of your family in the conflict8 n=116 n =239 n =261 n =489 You or a family member was injured in the conflict 15.5 11.7 28.4 23.1 You or a family member was tortured during the conflict 62.9 50.2 68.2 70.3 You or a family member experienced sexual violence during the conflict 5.2 0.4 7.3 4.1 A family member was killed or disappeared in the conflict 15.5 10.5 17.6 15.7 You or a family member lost land or had property damaged in the conflict 30.2 38.1 34.1 30.7 You or a family member was displaced as a result of the conflict 19.0 14.2 29.5 35.6 Some people tell us that they have put the conflict behind them and achieved inner peace and resolution. Others feel that the conflict 7 Missing/non-response <1% not shown in table 8 Do not add 100% in multiple response 61 Incidence happened to you/your family Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) remains unresolved and continues to cause them pain. What do you feel in this regard? Fully at peace with the conflict 49.4 53.5 52.2 49.8 Somewhat at peace with the conflict 47.3 44.4 40.1 43.2 Still somewhat pained by the conflict 2.4 1.8 5.2 4.5 Still very much pained by the conflict 0.3 0.3 1.8 2.1 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 Section 3: Local Conflict Mitigated Opinion about others who supported “the other side” in the conflict Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) They should be banned from holding public office in Nepal Strongly Agree 11.3 8.6 30.2 26.8 Somewhat Agree 31.0 33.4 16.7 16.8 Somewhat Disagree 31.0 31.4 17.4 19.4 Strongly Disagree 25.6 26.4 33.3 35.3 We are all Nepali and have to learn to get along Strongly Agree 88.3 91.4 94.9 97.2 Somewhat Agree 10.6 7.8 3.2 2.3 Somewhat Disagree 0.6 0.8 0.1 0.1 Strongly Disagree 0.1 1.4 0.4 We need to forgive those on the other side for the sake of peace Strongly Agree 46.3 48.0 74.0 73.3 Somewhat Agree 47.7 45.7 20.1 20.4 Somewhat Disagree 4.5 5.7 2.3 2.4 Strongly Disagree 1.4 0.7 3.2 3.6 I would not do business with someone from the other side Strongly Agree 4.9 2.5 This question was deleted in the midline survey. Somewhat Agree 21.3 15.3 Somewhat Disagree 40.9 47.5 Strongly Disagree 32.3 34.7 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 62 Table 3.1: Percent of respondents with continuing/ongoing and/or major unresolved local conflicts in their community Opinions about conflict Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Percent of respondents with continuing/ongoing and/or major unresolved local conflicts in their community People mostly get along; there are no significant conflicts 50.5 55.3 40.5 38.2 There are occasional conflicts, but they are mostly minor 36.5 36.3 39.7 40.5 There are moderate continuing conflicts 12.1 7.3 18.1 20.2 There are major unresolved conflicts 0.9 1.0 1.8 0.9 Aware of any efforts in your community to resolve these conflicts n=386 n=536 n=468 n=745 Yes 36.8 31.7 36.3 39.7 No 12.7 13.0 23.3 21.9 Missing 50.5 55.3 40.5 38.3 Leading these conflict resolutions efforts in your community n=287 n=380 n=275 n=464 Local Community Mediators 55.7 60.5 40.4 50.0 Political party leaders 20.9 9.5 13.8 16.6 Methods local communities have traditionally used 15.7 24.2 30.9 21.1 Local Government Officials (e.g., Ward and Municipality) 4.5 2.9 10.9 9.3 Others9 3.1 2.6 4.0 3.0 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 9 Others include Religious Leaders, Local organizations and others 63 Section 4: Accountability of Institutions Strengthened Table 4.1 Accountability of institutions strengthened Accountability of institutions strengthened Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Heard social audits Yes 20.5 20.0 44.0 43.3 No 79.5 80.0 56.0 56.7 Have ever used or participated in Social Audits n=160 n=240 n=132 n=199 Yes 16.9 17.5 38.5 38.2 No 83.1 82.5 61.5 61.8 Have used or participated in social audits in the last 12 months n =12 n =21 n =75 n =122 Yes 44.4 50.0 56.8 61.3 No 55.6 50.0 43.2 38.7 Heard Public hearings Yes 48.8 48.3 50.1 55.8 No 51.2 51.8 49.0 44.0 Have ever used or participated in Public hearings n=62 n=94 n=143 n=280 Yes 16.3 16.2 36.3 41.5 No 83.7 83.8 63.7 58.5 Have used or participated in Public hearings in the last 12 months n =37 n=53 n=79 n=161 Yes 59.7 56.4 55.6 57.5 No 40.3 43.6 44.4 42.5 Heard Citizen Scorecards Yes 11.2 9.1 22.0 20.6 No 88.8 90.9 78.0 79.4 Have ever used or participated in Citizen Scorecards n=4 n=5 n=30 n=51 Yes 4.6 4.6 17.5 20.6 No 95.4 95.4 82.5 79.4 Have used or participated in Citizen Scorecards in the last 12 months n =0 n =3 n =16 n =31 Yes 0 60.0 53.3 60.8 No 0 40.0 46.7 39.2 Heard CIAA Grievance Reports Yes 51.7 52.1 60.9 61.7 No 48.3 47.9 39.1 38.3 Have ever used or participated in CIAA Grievance Reports n=5 n=14 n=17 n=26 Yes 1.2 2.2 3.6 3.5 64 Accountability of institutions strengthened Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) No 98.8 97.8 96.4 96.5 Have used or participated in CIAA Grievance Reports in the last 12 months n=2 n=1 n=4 n=9 Yes 40.0 7.1 23.5 34.6 No 60.0 92.9 76.5 65.4 Heard Right to information Yes 36.8 38.3 66.9 70.1 No 63.2 61.7 32.8 29.6 Have ever used or participated in Right to information n=42 n=62 n=163 n=303 Yes 14.6 13.5 31.0 35.8 No 85.4 86.5 69.0 64.2 Have used or participated in Right to information in the last 12 months(n =21,36,90,160) n=21 n=36 n=90 n=160 Yes 50.0 58.1 55.2 52.8 No 50.0 41.9 44.8 47.2 Heard Hello Sarkar Yes 23.1 21.5 31.4 33.3 No 76.9 78.5 67.9 65.9 Have ever used or participated in Hello Sarkar n=6 n=8 n=13 n=17 Yes 3.3 3.1 5.3 4.2 No 96.7 96.9 94.7 95.8 Have used or participated in Hello Sarkar in the last 12 months (n =,2,6,5) n=5 n=2 n=6 n=5 Yes 83.3 25.0 46.2 29.4 No 16.7 75.0 53.8 70.6 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 65 Section 5: Legislative/Government Oversight Strengthened Table 5.1 The role of the Government10 Role of the government Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Who should be MOST responsible for making sure that the Government in Nepal does what it is supposed to do for the country and its people The Government itself 68.8 65.9 51.2 54.3 Political parties 16.9 15.6 13.4 11.0 Citizens and voters 11.8 15.8 24.9 24.3 Media 1.0 0.6 3.0 3.0 Local Organization 0.5 0.8 3.4 3.6 Others11 0.6 1.4 1.6 1.5 Aware of any efforts in your community to resolve these conflicts Radio 26.2 25.1 37.0 45.2 Television 45.9 45.8 30.7 30.1 Friends and Relatives 17.4 19.2 7.3 5.5 Community Leaders 5.5 3.8 1.9 2.0 Political Party members 0.4 0.8 2.7 1.5 Newspapers/magazines/leaflets 2.1 3.3 7.3 5.1 Internet 2.6 2.1 9.7 8.9 Local organization 1.7 1.0 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 10 Missing/Non-response <1% not shown 11 Others include CIAA and The judiciary 66 Table 5.2 Opinion about media Table 5.3. Corruption Role of the government Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Have you or someone you know experienced an act of corruption in the past twelve months Yes 7.2 8.5 15.1 16.0 No 92.2 91.3 83.5 83.2 Personally, had to pay a bribe or give a gift to one of the following either to get a service to which you were entitled or to avoid a penalty in last 12 months n=56 n=102 n=119 n=193 The Police Yes 21.4 18.6 19.3 12.4 No 78.6 81.4 80.7 87.6 Education System Yes 10.7 1.0 4.2 2.1 No 89.3 99.0 95.8 97.9 Opinion towards media Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) The media’s reporting about government is generally accurate and reliable* Strongly Agree 26.4 21.8 37.0 38.4 Somewhat Agree 58.1 56.8 44.8 44.8 Somewhat Disagree 13.6 17.3 10.8 11.4 Strongly Disagree 1.3 2.4 6.6 4.0 Don’t Know/Missing response 0.6 1.8 0.8 1.4 The media is controlled too much by the government* Strongly Agree 5.5 5.0 35.5 34.4 Somewhat Agree 41.3 40.9 37.4 40.2 Somewhat Disagree 33.7 34.7 16.2 14.2 Strongly Disagree 15.4 14.9 8.3 8.7 Don’t Know/Missing response 4.1 4.5 2.7 2.6 The media covers both the government and opposition fairly* Strongly Agree 16.3 18.5 38.8 39.7 Somewhat Agree 47.3 42.3 36.5 40.0 Somewhat Disagree 25.6 26.8 12.7 11.3 Strongly Disagree 7.4 8.5 9.0 6.5 Don’t Know/Missing response 3.3 3.8 2.9 2.5 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 67 Role of the government Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Judicial System Yes 7.1 11.8 5.0 4.1 No 89.3 88.2 95.0 95.9 Medical and Health System Yes 3.6 0.0 2.5 1.6 No 96.4 100.0 97.5 98.4 Government Registry and Permit Offices Yes 32.1 17.6 7.6 8.4 No 66.1 82.4 92.4 91.6 Utilities (i.e. water, telephone, electricity) Yes 3.6 3.9 4.2 2.1 No 94.6 96.1 95.8 97.9 Taxes Yes 5.4 1.0 0.8 2.1 No 92.9 99.0 99.2 97.9 Land service Yes 23.2 36.3 11.8 7.3 No 76.8 63.7 88.2 92.7 How do you think corruption in the national government compares to corruption in your local government National government is more corrupt 29.2 12.7 13.2 12.7 Local government is more corrupt 12.3 6.5 8.4 6.5 Corruption in both is much the same 56.4 74.7 72.5 74.7 Missing/Non-response 2.1 2.3 5.9 6.2 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 68 Section 6: Electoral Processes Improved Table 6.1 Improved electoral process Improved electoral process Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) How strong of a voice do you think you have in political decisions that affect you or your community A very strong voice 4.1 2.3 28.7 27.5 A moderate voice 35.6 35.9 41.8 46.8 A weak voice 36.9 42.1 6.6 7.0 No voice at all 22.8 19.8 22.9 18.6 How interested would you say you are in politics Very interested 5.5 2.8 19.7 22.6 Somewhat interested 31.9 26.4 53.8 54.7 Not very interested 33.7 36.9 4.5 6.0 Not at all interested 28.8 33.8 22.1 16.7 Please tell me have you done following activities in the past two years. If yes which activities have you done Signed a petition to protest a government decision 1.3 2.5 4.2 5.6 Written to or visited a public official about an issue or policy 3.3 1.8 6.7 7.6 Participated in a protest march or demonstration 7.8 7.3 12.6 18.2 Worked together with others to solve a problem in my community 11.5 9.5 42.1 48.6 Participated in a political party meeting, rally or other event 10.3 13.3 41.0 46.8 A citizen has a duty to vote even if they do not think their vote matters much Strongly Agree 82.1 81.4 80.4 81.4 Somewhat Agree 16.3 16.8 11.5 10.9 Somewhat Disagree 1.4 1.6 2.0 2.1 Strongly Disagree 0.3 0.3 6.0 5.6 Those who govern this country do not really care what people like you think Strongly Agree 42.1 50.7 45.4 37.5 Somewhat Agree 42.2 35.5 22.3 28.5 Somewhat Disagree 10.9 10.7 11.1 13.3 Strongly Disagree 4.7 3.2 21.3 20.7 Politics is too complicated for someone like you to understand 69 Strongly Agree 36.7 50.7 40.6 36.3 Somewhat Agree 41.3 31.3 31.3 36.8 Somewhat Disagree 17.4 13.2 14.4 15.2 Strongly Disagree 4.6 4.9 13.7 11.7 Our government is not perfect , but our leaders try very hard to do what is best for Nepal Strongly Agree 2.9 5.4 Somewhat Agree 27.1 28.4 Somewhat Disagree 32.9 30.6 Strongly Disagree 36.7 35.5 Did you vote in the November 2013 election/ 2016 election for the Nepali Constituent Assembly Yes 73.6 70.7 81.4 81.4 No 22.7 23.7 18.6 18.6 Not Eligible 3.7 5.7 If no, are you registered to vote Yes 31.6 21.8 80.5 80.9 No 48.6 58.8 19.3 18.9 Not Eligible 19.2 19.4 0.1 0.2 If yes, when deciding which party to vote for in the November 2013 election which of the following was the most important consideration for you Voting for someone associated with the same political party 12.0 24.3 10.9 10.7 Voting for someone from my region or district 13.9 10.3 9.3 7.3 Voting for someone who I think is honest 22.6 17.8 21.6 19.7 Voting for someone from my ethnic or religious group 0.7 1.7 1.0 1.1 Voting for someone who I think will be a strong leader 14.8 9.9 7.2 6.4 Voting for someone who stands for the issues I think are important 4.4 4.2 7.4 7.1 Voting for someone who I think will do the most for me personally 1.0 1.7 1.9 3.5 Voting for someone who will do the most for the country as a whole even if it doesn’t benefit me or my region 15.9 16.4 38.9 41.6 Voting for someone other people in my family and/or community voted for 14.6 13.8 1.8 2.4 How much confidence do you have in the competence of the Election Commission (ECN) to effectively register voters and manage the election process A lot of confidence 38.2 34.8 32.7 31.2 70 Some confidence 51.2 51.4 46.3 48.7 Little confidence 6.9 9.8 10.3 11.2 No confidence at all 2.1 1.8 2.8 2.3 Missing/Never heard of ECN 1.7 2.3 7.9 6.6 How much confidence do you have that the Election Commission honestly and accurately reports election results A lot of confidence 37.7 33.0 33.8 34.5 Some confidence 51.6 51.7 37.4 39.5 Little confidence 7.7 12.9 14.5 15.1 No confidence at all 2.9 2.2 4.3 2.8 Missing 1.7 2.3 9.9 8.0 Overall, how would you rate the freedom and fairness of elections in Nepal? Would you say they are Completely free and fair 32.3 32.0 21.5 21.4 Mostly free and fair, but with minor problems 53.7 50.5 37.7 37.7 Somewhat free and fair, but with major problems 8.7 10.8 21.0 22.8 Not at all free and fair 3.6 4.4 15.3 14.0 Missing 1.7 2.3 4.6 4.2 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 71 SECTION 7: Civic Participation and Advocacy Increased Table 7.1: Role of civil society and the satisfaction from CSO performance 12 Donot add 100% in multiple response Civil society Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) What do you consider to be the key role of Civil Society Organization12 To advocate on behalf of citizen and community interests 46.7 43.4 47.8 58.9 To provide services to the public (e.g. health, education) 22.7 28.3 53.6 54.8 Social networking 6.4 4.3 13.2 14.3 Income generation and economic development 10.4 13.9 21.7 23.4 Improving daily lives 41.5 34.0 Strengthening political voice 20.8 22.1 Don’t know 13.8 10.1 Are you satisfied with how CSOs fulfill this role Very Satisfied 4.1 7.1 19.6 14.8 Satisfied 62.8 63.2 53.9 57.9 Not Very Satisfied 17.6 18.3 20.0 23.7 Not satisfied at all 1.3 1.3 6.5 3.5 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 72 Section 8: Civil Society Capacity Strengthened Table 8.1 Civil society capacity strengthened 13 Do not add 100% in multiple response 14 Donot add 100% in multiple response Organization membership Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Are you a member of any of the following groups of organizations if yes13 n=236 n=442 n=550 n=842 Trade Union (such as Taxi Drivers associations) 3.4 0.2 3.1 2.4 Professional or Business Association (Bar, journalists, teachers associations, management association) 10.2 8.6 13.5 12.6 Religious or cultural groups 4.2 1.8 20.9 21.5 Women or youth Groups 33.9 43.2 42.0 42.2 Sports Clubs 1.7 1.1 12.7 10.9 Political party 10.2 6.8 27.1 27.7 Parent/teacher or Education Groups 3.8 2.5 35.8 32.3 Farmers’ organizations 9.3 9.0 20.9 24.3 Female Village Community Health Volunteer 0.8 0.5 3.3 3.2 Sector Committees (e.g. health, agriculture, anti-trafficking, etc.) 3.4 2.5 7.5 9.5 User’s group (e.g. Forest, Water, etc.) 6.4 10.2 27.8 32.7 Traditional institutions (Velmansha of Tharu, Guthi of Newars) 3.4 1.6 12.7 11.0 Any types of cooperative 44.9 43.3 Community-based organizations (other than previously mentioned) 23.7 23.5 12.7 15.9 Of the organizations you listed, which one is the most important to you (< 3 percent response rate)—Not shown Regarding [group name], how frequently in the past year have you participated in a group meeting or other activity n=236 n=442 n=550 n=842 Often 57.6 58.8 29.6 33.8 Sometimes 34.7 34.2 40.5 41.6 Rarely 5.1 5.7 4.0 3.6 Never 2.5 1.4 25.8 21.0 In the past year have you received any communications from this group n=236 n=442 n=550 n=842 Yes 88.1 86.0 51.2 52.9 No 11.4 14.0 48.8 47.1 From which media you receive communication from this group14 n=205 n=373 n=277 n=443 73 Flyer 4.9 5.9 41.2 37.2 Radio 4.4 5.1 38.6 39.3 TV 0.5 25.3 27.1 Newspapers 4.9 4.6 36.1 38.1 Social media (e.g. Facebook) 5.9 5.1 35.7 35.4 Email 2.4 1.1 43.0 32.5 Phone or Text Message 48.8 49.1 68.6 61.6 Face to face contact 95.1 96.0 88.4 83.7 Overall, how well do you think [this group] represents your interests n=236 n=442 n=550 n=842 Very Well 35.6 33.7 20.8 17.1 Somewhat Well 61.9 61.8 67.5 69.8 Not very Well 2.1 4.5 5.6 7.8 Not At all Well 0.0 0.0 6.1 5.3 Don’t know/Mising 0.4 0.0 2.4 1.1 Table 8.2 Functioning of this organization More generally, how effectively do you think organizations such as these perform the following functions in Nepal Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Advocate the peoples’ interests to the government n=672 n=1079 n=443 n=691 Very Effective 8.0 11.8 23.2 19.8 Somewhat Effective 64.6 58.1 68.1 70.0 Not effective 26.2 28.8 7.6 9.0 Don’t know/Missing 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.2 Provide needed services to their members Very Effective 26.6 28.6 22.1 20.8 Somewhat Effective 61.0 62.3 68.5 69.6 Not effective 11.6 8.5 7.8 9.1 Don’t know/Missing 0.7 0.6 1.6 0.4 Give members a sense of belonging Very Effective 34.2 37.8 25.4 26.5 Somewhat Effective 53.7 55.0 64.7 64.1 Not effective 11.5 6.8 8.5 8.7 Don’t know/Missing 0.6 0.5 1.3 0.7 Hold the Government accountable to respond to citizen concerns Very Effective 11.6 11.0 23.2 27.1 Somewhat Effective 51.3 45.1 65.0 62.1 Not effective 35.9 42.4 10.7 9.8 74 Don’t know/Missing 1.2 1.4 1.1 1.0 Improve peoples’ daily lives Very Effective 18.6 16.7 26.1 22.7 Somewhat Effective 50.9 57.0 59.6 66.7 Not effective 30.1 26.2 12.9 10.3 Don’t know/Missing 0.4 0.1 1.3 0.3 Strengthen the political voices of the people Very Effective 9.1 11.2 28.8 28.5 Somewhat Effective 53.6 44.1 56.5 61.8 Not effective 36.3 43.4 13.4 9.1 Don’t know/Missing 1.0 1.3 1.3 0.6 More generally, whether or not you are a member, do you think that the activities of these types of groups are good or bad for Nepal n=780 n=1200 n=786 n=1208 Very Good 26.6 30.5 47.5 48.8 Somewhat Good 66.2 62.1 47.3 47.2 Somewhat bad 6.0 6.3 3.4 2.3 Very bad 0.7 0.7 1.8 1.6 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 75 Table 8.3 Requested help from government Requested help from the government Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) In the past two years, have you requested help from any of the following An elected member of Parliament 3.6 2.8 12.3 15.3 A local political party leader 14.5 11.3 20.7 22.5 A bureaucrat at the national level 3.6 2.2 8.2 8.4 A bureaucrat at the local level 11.4 12.8 16.3 17.6 CSO 4.4 4.4 9.6 12.8 If you had a specific issue with the Government or a government policy/service, how would you approach the Government n=176 n=236 n=241 n=401 Individually 34.7 46.6 22.6 25.3 Through a personal contact 22.7 14.0 18.9 15.2 Through a family member 9.7 11.9 16.2 13.6 Through a civil society organization 8.0 8.5 13.8 17.4 Through a political party 25.0 19.1 24.6 25.8 Other 3.7 2.7 Which of these was the most recent person you contacted An elected member of Parliament 6.3 5.9 14.6 13.7 A local political party leader 54.0 41.9 38.2 41.8 A bureaucrat at the national level 6.8 3.8 4.9 5.1 A bureaucrat at the local level 30.7 47.0 26.4 25.8 A representative of the community￾based org. - - 16.0 13.7 Not Applicable 2.3 1.3 How did you contact that official n=172 n=233 n=241 n=401 In person at his/her office 41.9 57.1 43.8 36.5 In person outside of their office 34.3 29.6 20.1 22.0 By standard mail 0.6 0.7 1.6 By telephone 16.3 11.2 25.7 30.2 By email or the internet 0.7 Through an intermediary 7.0 2.1 4.9 4.7 Others 4.2 5.1 Did you receive a response from the [most recent] government official from whom you requested help Yes 73.8 81.1 64.5 64.9 No 25.6 18.9 35.5 35.1 76 How satisfied were you with their response to your [most recent if more than one] request n=127 n=189 n=145 n=231 Very Satisfied 30.7 27.5 32.6 30.8 Satisfied 61.4 57.7 48.3 57.7 Not Very Satisfied 6.3 11.6 5.6 3.8 Not satisfied at all 1.6 2.6 13.5 7.7 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 77 Section 9: Vulnerable Populations’ Rights Protected Table 9.1 Trust in institutions/leaders Trust in institutions/leaders Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Which of the following institutions and leaders do you trust to protect the interest of people like you The prime minister 41.5 41.3 63.5 67.3 The president 17.8 20.2 68.5 70.7 The national legislature 16.7 22.4 71.9 75.5 The courts 44.4 40.8 14.4 13.5 CSO The army 41.5 43.6 85.5 84.1 The police 76.7 71.9 81.1 85.1 The NGOs and other social service organizations 13.7 18.6 82.8 85.2 local government 26.3 27.4 86.8 88.5 community elders etc 58.6 60.4 88.9 89.8 If you were physically harmed or threatened with physical harm or abuse which of the following would you trust to help you A police officer 86.8 84.6 92.3 92.4 A judge or lawyer 11.0 17.7 88.2 85.4 A soldier 13.3 19.3 83.4 83.1 A local government official 16.3 18.6 86.6 86.5 An NGO or other social organization 5.3 8.5 83.7 83.0 A women’s shelter 9.1 8.9 94.2 96.3 85.7 3.1 1.3 56.0 50.7 A family member 61.3 74.1 98.7 98.8 A teacher 3.3 2.6 79.4 76.6 A health worker 5.6 5.6 86.1 82.2 A community elder 53.1 49.8 89.9 91.0 On the whole, men make better political leaders than women do Strongly Agree 13.3 8.0 37.0 29.5 Somewhat Agree 30.4 27.0 26.5 30.0 Somewhat Disagree 28.7 25.7 17.4 14.7 Strongly Disagree 27.3 39.1 18.7 25.5 When jobs are scarce, men should have more right to a job than women Strongly Agree 6.7 6.8 19.1 17.2 Somewhat Agree 18.7 19.6 16.8 14.2 Somewhat Disagree 25.9 23.7 22.1 18.0 Strongly Disagree 48.7 50.0 41.7 50.5 78 Homosexuals should not have the same legal rights as others Strongly Agree 3.7 2.0 20.5 15.8 Somewhat Agree 6.9 7.4 13.7 12.6 Somewhat Disagree 28.2 25.0 14.5 15.5 Strongly Disagree 54.9 64.6 51.3 56.1 The Country would be better off if historically marginalized peoples played an equal role with others in politics and government Strongly Agree 66.5 67.3 70.5 72.4 Somewhat Agree 29.9 27.4 22.9 22.4 Somewhat Disagree 2.6 3.8 2.9 2.3 Strongly Disagree 0.6 1.4 3.7 2.9 Males and Females should have equal access to social, economic, and political opportunities Strongly Agree 81.4 85.3 86.8 89.7 Somewhat Agree 17.9 13.9 10.4 8.9 Somewhat Disagree 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.3 Strongly Disagree 0.1 0.2 2.2 0.7 Religion, caste, ethnicity, gender should not be an obstacle for any person from Nepal to assume the PM office Strongly Agree 75.5 76.4 79.4 81.7 Somewhat Agree 23.2 22.0 12.5 12.3 Somewhat Disagree 0.8 0.8 2.3 2.7 Strongly Disagree 0.4 0.7 5.8 3.2 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 79 Table 9.2: Human trafficking 15 Do not add 100% in multiple response 16 Do not add 100% in multiple response 17 Don’t add 100% in multiple responses Human trafficking Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) There has been a lot of discussion recently about Human Trafficking. Have you heard anything about this Yes 91.7 91.2 77.1 81.7 No 8.3 8.8 22.9 18.3 What kind of trafficking have you heard of15 Sex (domestic/international) 76.2 67.5 72.5 73.5 Labor (domestic/international) 40.1 34.6 40.4 40.9 Organ (domestic/international) 31.0 15.4 19.5 12.6 Forced Marriage 29.7 25.9 13.9 14.6 Child Trafficking 55.1 49.5 49.6 46.6 Others Have you ever worked in another country Yes 15.6 14.3 24.4 25.2 No 84.4 85.7 75.6 74.8 Which country or region16 India 57.4 80.8 59.4 77.0 Malaysia 13.9 12.2 16.7 13.8 Korea 0.8 0.0 1.6 0.7 Gulf countries 26.2 0.6 Australia 0.8 0.6 Others 2.5 33.3 18.7 Are any members of your family currently working in another country Yes 21.2 26.3 35.0 34.4 No 78.8 73.8 65.0 65.6 Thinking back over your life, do you think this has ever happened to you Yes 1.4 1.8 3.3 2.6 No 98.6 98.3 96.7 97.4 If yes, what kind of trafficking did you experience17 Sex 9.1 14.3 16.0 Labor 54.5 52.4 56.0 61.3 Organ 9.1 4.0 Forced Marriage 18.2 19.0 12.0 29.0 Others 9.1 9.5 12.0 9.7 80 18 Do not add 100% in multiple response Based on what you know about trafficking, how many Nepalese who go abroad for work end up suffering from human trafficking Less than 1% 10.0 7.1 27.6 23.8 10% or less 34.1 36.9 26.5 22.4 25 % or less 25.5 29.6 17.1 19.9 About half (50%) 12.9 13.3 17.3 21.9 More than half 4.2 5.0 11.5 12.0 Don’t know 13.2 7.1 What do you think are the principal reason Nepalese become victims of trafficking for forced labor18 Lack of Information / lack of education 62.5 63.6 37.6 42.4 Poor wages/Unemployment 62.0 66.4 70.8 68.8 Careless behavior by the victims 13.7 9.5 6.8 4.1 Weak laws/law enforcement 34.6 28.6 7.9 6.3 Gender discrimination 3.4 1.2 2.0 1.2 Organized Crime 4.4 3.8 0.6 1.3 Ethnic discrimination 5.1 2.3 2.6 1.4 Family pressure to earn money 28.1 25.0 45.1 41.9 Peer pressure for nice clothes, cell phones etc. 16.9 11.0 19.1 14.4 Unscrupulous or illegal Recruiters 18.5 16.8 11.6 10.6 Unscrupulous or illegal Employers 31.9 29.4 5.0 4.9 Others reasons 14.4 19.3 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 81 Section 10: Public Policy and Performance Improved Table 10.1 Satisfaction level with government services Are you satisfied with Government services provided by the following Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) District Hospital Very satisfied 14.5 12.5 29.7 26.7 Somewhat satisfied 59.7 50.5 54.1 58.1 Somewhat unsatisfied 15.4 23.8 6.5 8.6 Not at all satisfied 5.8 10.3 8.6 5.9 No opinion / No experience 4.6 3.0 1.2 0.7 Health Post Very satisfied 17.1 14.1 30.9 26.0 Somewhat satisfied 62.4 56.6 57.0 58.2 Somewhat unsatisfied 14.6 19.2 5.6 8.0 Not at all satisfied 3.1 4.8 5.1 6.2 No opinion / No experience 2.7 5.4 1.5 1.5 Sub-Health Post Very satisfied 10.8 6.9 25.6 29.0 Somewhat satisfied 56.2 51.6 58.5 58.9 Somewhat unsatisfied 12.8 18.7 7.4 6.9 Not at all satisfied 3.6 4.7 5.7 4.0 No opinion / No experience 15.5 18.1 2.8 1.1 Public Primary School Very satisfied 18.1 14.4 39.4 35.3 Somewhat satisfied 59.9 61.4 47.8 52.6 Somewhat unsatisfied 16.9 18.8 7.1 7.0 Not at all satisfied 4.2 3.7 4.9 3.9 No opinion / No experience 0.5 1.7 1.3 0.9 Public Secondary School Very satisfied 25.4 14.5 38.5 33.6 Somewhat satisfied 57.2 59.7 51.4 53.0 Somewhat unsatisfied 14.7 20.3 3.7 7.0 Not at all satisfied 1.8 3.8 4.1 4.9 No opinion / No experience 0.6 1.8 2.3 1.4 District Agriculture Development Office Very satisfied 3.5 2.6 23.0 24.5 Somewhat satisfied 40.1 39.1 59.0 61.6 Somewhat unsatisfied 14.2 21.2 9.0 6.5 Not at all satisfied 5.8 8.9 6.6 6.9 No opinion / No experience 35.9 28.3 2.5 0.4 District Forest Office Very satisfied 3.5 4.2 28.3 22.5 Somewhat satisfied 35.0 34.7 59.4 60.3 Somewhat unsatisfied 13.2 17.6 1.9 5.4 82 Not at all satisfied 7.3 9.1 6.6 9.3 No opinion / No experience 39.7 34.5 3.8 2.5 VDC /Municipality Very satisfied 18.6 16.6 34.4 31.4 Somewhat satisfied 68.7 66.8 54.6 59.1 Somewhat unsatisfied 9.5 13.0 6.5 4.9 Not at all satisfied 1.3 3.2 4.5 3.9 No opinion / No experience 1.5 0.4 0.7 Local Development Office Very satisfied 2.9 55.3 27.8 29.0 Somewhat satisfied 57.8 18.5 61.9 55.1 Somewhat unsatisfied 16.0 3.7 4.8 9.1 Not at all satisfied 2.2 21.1 2.4 5.1 No opinion / No experience 20.5 55.3 3.2 1.7 District Administration Office/ Chief District Office Very satisfied 10.6 13.8 34.8 37.7 Somewhat satisfied 61.9 63.4 51.3 48.9 Somewhat unsatisfied 8.5 10.9 4.4 4.8 Not at all satisfied 2.3 2.3 7.6 7.4 No opinion / No experience 16.3 9.6 1.9 1.3 District Women and Children’s Office Very satisfied 6.7 2.8 26.8 36.7 Somewhat satisfied 31.5 32.8 55.4 54.4 Somewhat unsatisfied 10.3 11.1 3.6 3.8 Not at all satisfied 2.4 3.0 8.9 2.5 No opinion / No experience 48.2 50.3 5.4 2.5 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 83 Section 11: Legislation, Regulation etc. Table 11.1 Nepal governing handling in the following matters Government of Nepal handling in following matters Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Improving Living Standards for the poor Very Well 1.2 0.4 20.0 19.3 Fairly Well 26.8 28.8 58.6 60.4 Fairly Badly 42.7 39.5 7.8 9.5 Very Badly 28.5 31.3 13.6 10.8 Education Very Well 12.6 10.0 26.5 27.6 Fairly Well 67.3 65.0 60.1 61.2 Fairly Badly 17.4 22.1 6.4 7.6 Very Badly 2.6 2.8 6.9 3.7 Social security Very Well 9.5 8.7 28.8 31.4 Fairly Well 67.9 65.3 61.9 61.4 Fairly Badly 17.2 19.8 5.5 5.2 Very Badly 5.0 5.9 3.9 2.0 Creating Jobs Very Well 0.5 0.2 16.8 12.4 Fairly Well 7.9 7.7 44.5 50.0 Fairly Badly 33.8 35.1 13.7 15.3 Very Badly 57.3 57.1 25.1 22.3 Keeping Prices Down Very Well 0.4 1.7 6.5 5.8 Fairly Well 2.7 16.4 25.2 27.0 Fairly Badly 19.5 0.0 18.4 20.7 Very Badly 77.3 81.8 49.8 46.4 Narrowing the gap between rich and poor Very Well 0.9 0.3 12.4 12.1 Fairly Well 15.8 16.6 36.2 38.0 Fairly Badly 45.5 47.0 16.6 18.1 Very Badly 37.2 36.1 34.8 31.8 Reducing Crime Very Well 3.3 3.0 20.8 21.6 Fairly Well 59.7 61.1 55.4 58.2 Fairly Badly 27.7 25.3 12.0 10.7 Very Badly 9.0 10.5 11.8 9.5 Improving Basic Health Services Very Well 7.6 11.9 22.5 22.4 Fairly Well 71.3 64.1 64.0 64.7 Fairly Badly 17.3 19.8 6.8 8.5 84 Very Badly 3.3 4.3 6.7 4.4 Fighting Corruption Very Well 3.5 3.8 19.2 21.3 Fairly Well 30.3 28.5 47.5 51.2 Fairly Badly 31.7 36.1 12.8 11.5 Very Badly 31.8 26.1 20.5 16.1 Providing clean water and sanitation Very Well 5.0 4.8 29.5 26.6 Fairly Well 60.6 61.8 48.0 54.8 Fairly Badly 27.1 26.8 9.1 9.9 Very Badly 7.3 6.6 13.4 8.7 Providing a reliable supply of electricity Very Well 3.8 2.4 36.1 30.2 Fairly Well 29.4 33.7 48.3 54.1 Fairly Badly 37.2 37.6 8.4 8.5 Very Badly 29.6 26.3 7.3 7.1 Protecting individuals’ rights and freedoms Very Well 4.0 4.9 21.6 20.2 Fairly Well 79.5 67.1 64.2 65.4 Fairly Badly 11.8 22.1 7.9 8.7 Very Badly 3.3 4.9 6.2 5.7 Reducing conflict within society Very Well 4.4 3.8 25.2 26.1 Fairly Well 68.6 67.0 56.9 59.1 Fairly Badly 19.6 22.4 10.2 9.9 Very Badly 6.8 6.6 7.7 4.9 Promoting peace and reconciliation Very Well 3.2 3.1 24.9 24.0 Fairly Well 68.2 64.2 60.6 63.9 Fairly Badly 22.7 26.1 8.6 8.3 Very Badly 4.2 5.3 5.9 3.7 Ensuring that everyone’s voice is heard In politics Very Well 4.9 3.6 27.1 26.7 Fairly Well 43.7 40.3 54.3 56.3 Fairly Badly 38.6 38.3 9.7 11.0 Very Badly 10.5 14.3 8.8 6.1 Regulating Migration Very Well 1.5 1.4 28.1 29.0 Fairly Well 30.0 27.7 57.9 59.2 Fairly Badly 25.3 30.7 6.7 8.0 Very Badly 7.9 9.1 7.3 3.9 Addressing human trafficking Very Well 0.8 2.0 23.8 27.9 Fairly Well 47.4 44.8 56.4 52.4 Fairly Badly 36.3 36.8 9.5 10.5 Very Badly 9.2 10.8 10.3 9.2 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 85 Table 11.2 Satisfaction with government services Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 Are you satisfied with local government services Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Maintaining local roads Very Well 7.1 5.4 16.4 16.4 Fairly Well 44.1 42.2 48.5 50.7 Fairly Badly 30.3 33.9 11.6 13.1 Very Badly 18.5 18.5 23.5 19.8 Maintaining local market places Very Well 10.0 4.9 19.1 20.8 Fairly Well 43.7 42.6 52.7 56.8 Fairly Badly 34.2 38.1 13.8 13.8 Very Badly 11.9 14.3 14.4 8.6 Providing good schools Very Well 14.5 7.2 26.6 28.7 Fairly Well 63.8 67.3 55.9 54.0 Fairly Badly 18.1 23.2 9.3 10.1 Very Badly 3.1 2.3 8.2 7.2 Providing good health services Very Well 7.1 7.0 22.6 26.0 Fairly Well 71.0 62.1 61.7 58.3 Fairly Badly 19.4 26.9 8.0 9.3 Very Badly 2.6 4.0 7.7 6.4 Registering citizens) such as birth certification, death certification) Very Well 44.0 47.5 54.3 59.6 Fairly Well 48.2 46.3 38.6 34.9 Fairly Badly 6.5 5.4 4.2 4.2 Very Badly 0.8 0.8 2.9 1.4 Promoting harmony within the community Very Well 6.9 6.2 25.3 25.3 Fairly Well 76.4 73.8 63.0 62.7 Fairly Badly 13.8 17.1 7.7 8.5 Very Badly 1.3 2.6 4.0 3.6 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 86 Section 12: Governmental, non-governmental and private sector actors’ service delivery improved Table 12.1 Satisfaction level with governmental, non-governmental and private sector service delivery Satisfaction level with those services Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Health Care for you and your family Very satisfied 13.1 9.7 23.0 24.6 Somewhat satisfied 68.6 63.7 53.6 54.6 Somewhat unsatisfied 13.7 21.8 5.7 6.8 Very unsatisfied 4.0 4.5 6.5 5.7 I’ve never accessed that service 0.6 0.3 11.2 8.2 Agriculture extension services Very satisfied 2.7 2.3 14.4 13.4 Somewhat satisfied 38.8 36.3 38.5 40.9 Somewhat unsatisfied 17.2 23.8 6.9 8.2 Very unsatisfied 6.9 6.4 7.3 6.8 I’ve never accessed that service 33.6 31.3 32.8 30.8 Education of your children Very satisfied 14.9 9.9 30.3 28.4 Somewhat satisfied 60.9 55.1 48.3 49.2 Somewhat unsatisfied 14.1 15.5 4.9 6.2 Very unsatisfied 0.8 2.3 3.6 5.4 I’ve never accessed that service 9.1 17.3 12.9 10.9 Protection from crime and violence Very satisfied 6.7 5.3 17.5 16.8 Somewhat satisfied 72.9 61.6 43.9 42.7 Somewhat unsatisfied 12.3 18.1 9.2 8.3 Very unsatisfied 1.9 3.8 5.9 5.4 I’ve never accessed that service 5.9 11.3 23.5 26.7 Resolution of disputes you have with other citizens or the authorities Very satisfied 4.5 3.5 16.6 14.9 Somewhat satisfied 60.5 42.2 46.2 47.6 Somewhat unsatisfied 13.1 13.7 6.4 6.9 Very unsatisfied 1.8 3.1 4.7 3.3 I’ve never accessed that service 19.5 37.6 26.1 27.3 Information on safe migration Very satisfied 2.7 1.5 19.0 18.1 Somewhat satisfied 37.1 32.0 39.3 39.0 Somewhat unsatisfied 18.2 19.2 4.8 5.9 Very unsatisfied 4.9 4.3 2.2 2.0 I’ve never accessed that service 35.9 42.8 34.7 35.0 VDC/CDO 87 19 This table up to VDC/CDO should be analyzed carefully because very few respondent 1-4% of respondents experienced discrimination Very satisfied 9.0 11.8 21.0 19.4 Somewhat satisfied 73.8 70.8 49.1 51.1 Somewhat unsatisfied 10.9 13.5 5.3 5.3 Very unsatisfied 0.9 1.5 4.5 3.4 I’ve never accessed that service 5.3 2.5 20.1 20.8 Thinking about yourself and your family, in the past twelve months, have you or a family member been unfairly treated because of your gender, ethnic or religious group or caste when receiving one of those services19 Yes 1.4 2.2 5.0 4.7 No 98.2 97.8 95.0 95.3 Health Care for you and your family n=11 n=26 n=10 n=15 Very Often 0.0 0.0 10.0 46.7 Sometimes 45.5 38.5 80.0 40.0 Never 54.5 61.5 0.0 0.0 I do not have much contact with these areas 0.0 0.0 10.0 13.3 Agriculture extension services n=11 n=26 n=3 n=7 Very Often 0.0 3.8 0.0 14.3 Sometimes 9.1 15.4 100 85.7 Never 63.6 42.3 0.0 0.0 I do not have much contact with these areas 27.3 38.5 0.0 0.0 Education of your children n=11 n=26 n=9 n=17 Very Often 0.0 7.7 22.2 23.5 Sometimes 36.4 3.8 77.8 76.5 Never 63.6 80.8 0.0 0.0 I do not have much contact with these areas 0.0 7.7 0.0 0.0 Protection from crime and violence n=11 n=26 n=9 n=12 Very Often 0.0 0.0 11.1 50.0 Sometimes 36.4 15.4 88.9 41.7 Never 45.5 73.1 0.0 0.0 I do not have much contact with these areas 9.1 11.5 0.0 8.3 Resolution of disputes you have with other citizens or the authorities n=11 n=26 n=6 n=20 Very Often 0.0 3.8 0.0 30.0 Sometimes 54.5 46.2 100.0 70.0 Never 36.4 26.9 0.0 0.0 I do not have much contact with these areas 9.1 23.1 0.0 0.0 Information on safe migration n=11 n=26 n=4 n=6 Very Often 0.0 0.0 25.0 50.0 Sometimes 9.1 0.0 75.0 50.0 88 Never 63.6 34.6 0.0 0.0 I do not have much contact with these areas 9.1 65.4 0.0 0.0 VDC/CDO n=11 n=26 n=6 n=8 Very Often 0.0 11.5 0.0 12.5 Sometimes 45.5 57.7 100.0 87.5 Never 45.5 23.1 0.0 0.0 I do not have much contact with these areas 9.1 7.7 0.0 0.0 And how about the following groups more generally, how much do you think each suffers from discrimination in this country Women A lot 18.1 23.6 22.3 23.3 Some 55.4 55.0 61.7 59.8 Not much at all 26.4 21.3 13.7 16.0 Dalits A lot 35.3 31.1 22.2 20.5 Some 46.9 50.0 61.1 62.6 Not much at all 17.7 18.6 16.7 16.9 Janajati A lot 7.3 6.6 20.3 22.8 Some 48.8 49.8 65.8 63.5 Not much at all 43.2 43.3 13.9 13.7 Madhesi A lot 17.4 11.0 17.5 14.9 Some 40.1 43.5 63.3 62.7 Not much at all 37.8 41.8 19.3 22.4 Muslims A lot 6.2 8.6 13.7 12.4 Some 40.0 38.1 61.1 59.5 Not much at all 40.3 40.3 25.2 28.0 Homosexuals A lot 32.1 35.2 23.8 23.7 Some 40.4 38.8 57.9 58.2 Not much at all 15.1 14.0 18.3 18.0 Brahmin/Chhetri (high caste groups) A lot 1.0 1.1 5.9 6.1 Some 10.3 16.2 45.5 47.8 Not much at all 88.5 82.3 48.6 46.1 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 89 Table 12.2 Feeling about certain resilience statements 20 Non-response rate <1% We would like to ask you about the extent to which you feel that certain statements describe you20. Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) I have people in my life who I can respect To a Great Extent 68.3 72.3 58.0 56.7 Somewhat 28.2 24.7 36.3 38.9 Very Little 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 Not at All 0.5 0.2 2.3 1.4 I share/cooperate with people around me. To a Great Extent 73.5 74.2 77.1 78.0 Somewhat 25.3 24.5 19.7 20.2 Very Little 1.2 1.3 1.8 1.4 Not at All 0.1 0.0 1.1 0.3 My family is supportive towards me To a Great Extent 71.9 73.7 77.6 80.9 Somewhat 26.8 23.3 18.4 15.4 Very Little 1.3 2.9 1.9 2.4 Not at All 0.0 0.2 1.9 1.2 If I am hungry, I can usually get enough food to eat To a Great Extent 81.0 78.4 74.8 74.7 Somewhat 16.9 18.8 22.8 22.4 Very Little 1.9 2.8 1.3 1.7 Not at All 0.1 0.0 1.0 1.2 Spiritual beliefs are a source of strength for me To a Great Extent 39.6 38.8 52.9 48.1 Somewhat 45.8 44.5 38.9 41.0 Very Little 11.4 14.6 4.4 4.6 Not at All 2.7 2.2 3.8 6.3 I am proud of my ethnic background (for example, I am proud of where my family comes from or know a lot about my family’s history) To a Great Extent 41.8 37.0 59.8 50.6 Somewhat 46.9 50.3 33.4 39.6 Very Little 9.9 11.3 4.5 5.7 Not at All 1.2 1.5 2.3 4.2 I talk to my family/partner about how I feel (for example, when I am sad or concerned) To a Great Extent 45.8 40.3 61.2 61.7 Somewhat 46.4 50.0 33.1 33.9 Very Little 7.1 8.5 3.4 2.9 Not at All 0.8 1.2 2.3 1.5 I know where to go if I need help 90 To a Great Extent 51.3 47.3 61.2 61.4 Somewhat 44.7 42.7 32.8 34.0 Very Little 2.9 8.9 3.3 3.4 Not at All 0.9 1.0 2.7 1.2 I feel that I belong in my community To a Great Extent 66.5 64.1 64.8 65.3 Somewhat 31.4 30.3 29.9 29.8 Very Little 1.5 4.7 3.3 3.2 Not at All 0.5 1.0 1.3 1.7 I think it is important to help out in my community To a Great Extent 73.1 74.3 76.1 78.3 Somewhat 26.3 24.4 20.2 18.8 Very Little 0.6 1.3 2.2 1.7 Not at All 73.1 0.0 1.1 0.7 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 91 Section 13: Peaceful Political Environment Sustained Table 13.1 willingness to achieve political change 21 Non-response rate <1% People have different ways they are willing to try and achieve political change. How about you? Please tell us how willing you would be to use the following methods to achieve important political change in this country21. Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) Would you vote for the party that you think will best achieve the necessary change Certainly not willing 63.2 61.8 66.4 68.9 Probably not willing 31.8 31.4 25.6 25.2 Probably willing 3.1 4.7 2.0 2.6 Certainly willing 1.5 2.1 3.8 2.7 Would you join others to peacefully protest for important political change Certainly not willing 33.3 38.6 59.1 60.7 Probably not willing 44.6 41.6 30.3 30.7 Probably willing 14.5 13.2 4.0 3.8 Certainly willing 7.1 6.7 6.6 4.8 Would you work for or with an organization or association that advocates necessary political change Certainly not willing 21.8 24.8 48.2 50.1 Probably not willing 39.0 39.3 39.1 37.6 Probably willing 27.2 21.2 4.8 5.0 Certainly willing 11.4 14.8 6.4 5.7 Would you join with others in violent protests if that is necessary to achieve important political change Certainly not willing 2.3 2.8 21.6 31.0 Probably not willing 5.9 5.3 22.1 21.8 Probably willing 15.5 14.6 12.2 8.5 Certainly willing 76.2 77.3 42.9 38.1 Total (%) 100 100 100 100 Total (n) 780 1200 786 1208 92 Section 14: Post-Earthquake Table 14.1 Consequence of Gorkha Earthquake We would like to ask you the Gorkha earthquake that struck Nepal in April of 2015 and affected some areas for weeks after occurring Baseline 2015 Midline 2017 National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) National Sample (%) USAID Sample (%) How seriously, if at all, were you personally affected by the Gorkha earthquake? Would you say you were affected To a Great Extent 8.6 1.2 22.3 13.2 Somewhat 8.6 6.1 31.1 25.2 Very Little 21.0 13.1 14.9 15.3 Not at All 61.8 79.7 31.7 46.3 How seriously was your neighbor affected by the Gorkha earthquake To a Great Extent 11.3 1.3 Somewhat 12.6 9.2 Very Little 24.5 11.7 Not at All 51.5 77.9 What best describes how you personally are recovering from the Gorkha earthquake n=298 n=244 n=532 n=646 Completely recovered 46.6 64.3 45.9 49.5 Mostly recovered 24.5 26.2 17.3 16.3 Recovered only a little 23.8 9.0 31.8 28.9 Haven’t recovered at all 5.0 0.4 5.1 5.3 How much longer do you think it will be before things get back to normal for you n=159 n=87 n=286 n=313 A year or less 28.3 39.1 18.5 22.7 One to Two years 17.0 35.6 26.6 27.8 Three to five years 23.3 17.2 25.5 19.5 More than five years 27.0 8.0 20.3 20.4 I will never recover 1.3 39.1 9.1 9.6 Do you think that most people in your neighborhood (city/village) have gotten no help, very little help, some help, most of the help, or all of the help they need to recover and restore their lives after the Gorkha earthquake n=377 n=265 n=750 n=1135 All 4.5 4.2 4.4 5.5 Most 13.0 14.3 10.7 6.9 Some 22.3 18.1 20.4 16.3 Very little 24.7 15.1 21.3 14.3 No help 35.5 47.9 43.2 57.1 Was most of the help received from the Government or private sources n=243 n=137 n=398 n=465 Government 50.6 83.9 66.8 63.2 Private 37.0 11.7 33.2 36.8 Don’t Know 12.3 4.4 93 Do you feel that everyone in your neighborhood (city/village) had equal access to Government provided post-earthquake assistance n=243 n=137 n=431 n=496 94 ANNEX 6: SUPPORT LETTER FROM MINISTRY OF FEDERAL AFFAIRS FOR DATA COLLECTION 95 ANNEX 7: STUDY AND DATA COLLECTION TEAM TECHNICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF OF NEW ERA Core Team Members Nirakar Acharya Ms. Sajini Shrestha Data quality check Sajid Shrestha Hari Bhakta Saud Prem Karki Administrative Staff Mr. Sujan Bhakta Shrestha Mr. Sanu Raja Shakya FIELD DATA COLLECTION STAFF Field Managers/Quality Control Staff Hari Bhakta Saud Tirtha Gautam Prem Karki Surendra Mahoto Supervisors Ms. Rupshikha Chaudhary Ms. Ranjana Sah Mr. Biraj Chaudhary Mr. Amir Ahamad Musalman Mr. Suresh Kumar Ghimire Mr. Bishnu Rijal Mr. Abhaya Lamichhane Mr. Tekendra Bogati Mr. Lal Babu Sah Mr. Bhanu Bhakta Dakal Mr. Mukesh Panjiyar Mr. Manoj Maharjan Mr. Bhuwan Basnet Mr. Ramesh Kumar Sindali Mr. Mohan Singh Dhami Mr. Bimal Prasad Adhikari Ms. Akriti Sharma Mr. Nirmal Kumar Chhetri Mr. Deepak Gautam Ms. Amrita Roka Mr. Pralhad Mainali Mr. Hridaya Raj Dhakal Ms. Begam Rai Mr. Ram Chandra Chaudhary Mr..Hom Psd Poudel Ms. Bindu Dhungana Mr. Ram Datt Pant Mr. Kamal Parajuli Ms. Goma Lama Mr. Sarbagya Rayamajhi Mr. Keshab Raj Joshi Ms. Kamala Kumari BC Mr. Saurav Subedi Mr. Kundan Kumar Mandal Ms. Kanchan Sah Mr. Tika Prasad Upadhaya Mr. Niroj Khadka Ms. Krishana Kharel Mr. Umesh Dhakal Mr. Nishan Thapa Ms. Lipika Lama Ms. Prawina Shruti Bhattarai Mr. Pradip Raj Basnet Ms. Mandira Rai Ms. Indira Uprety Mr. Prakash Prasad Upadhya Ms. Manita Sundas Ms. Deepa Siwakoti Mr. Rala Bahadur Jagri Ms. Netra Kala Joshi Ms. Sonam Shrestha Mr. Ram Bahadur Kunwar Ms. Nilam Kumari Singh Ms. Asmita K.C. Mr. Ranjit Yadev Ms. Pemla Sherpa Ms. Basanti Karki Mr. Roshon Karki Ms. Pramila Shrestha Enumerators Mr. Roshan Tailor Ms. Pratika Shrestha Ms. Sabina Bhandari Mr. Samir Thapa Ms. Prativa Karki Ms. Sabita Chaudhary Mr. Sanjaya Kumar Sharma Ms. Prativa Shah Ms. Sabitri Thapa Mr. Santosh Kumar Yadav Ms. Puspanjali Bhandari Ms. Sadhana Neupane Mr. Sonam Lama Ms. Samichhya Basnet Mr. Suresh Bogati Ms. Samjana Kandangwa Ms. Sikha Thapa Ms. Sanu Kumari Lungeli Ms. Shristi Tuladhar Ms. Sushma Pariyar Ms. Sudha Thapaliya Ms. Sati Devi Lama Ms. Sunita Bhujel 96 ANNEX 8: DISCLOSURE OF ANY CONFLICT OF INTEREST Name Title Organization Evaluation Position? Team Leader Team member Evaluation Award Number (contract or another instrument) USAID Project(s) Evaluated (Include project name(s), implementer name(s) and award number(s), if applicable) I have real or potential conflicts of interest to disclose. Yes No If yes answered above, I disclose the following facts: Real or potential conflicts of interest may include, but are not limited to: 1. Close family member who is an employee of the USAID operating unit managing the project(s) being evaluated or the implementing organization(s) whose project(s) are being evaluated. 2. Financial interest that is direct, or is significant though indirect, in the implementing organization(s) whose projects are being evaluated or in the outcome of the evaluation. 3. Current or previous direct or significant though indirect experience with the project(s) being evaluated, including involvement in the project design or previous iterations of the project. 4. Current or previous work experience or seeking employment with the USAID operating unit managing the evaluation or the implementing organization(s) whose project(s) are being evaluated. 5. Current or previous work experience with an organization that may be seen as an industry competitor with the implementing organization(s) whose project(s) are being evaluated. 6. Preconceived ideas toward individuals, groups, organizations, or objectives of the particular projects and organizations being evaluated that could bias the evaluation. 97 ANNEX 9: DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENTS 2017 Nepal Democracy and Governance Indicators Survey HHID:__________Enumerator Number:________Region:_______Village ID:_______________ INTRO. PROG: PLEASE DISPLAY THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE ON ITS OWN PAGE: Namaste, I am from New Era, a Nepali research center based in Kathmandu. Our organization is conducting a survey as part of USAID’s Country Development and Cooperation Strategy with a focus on good and effective governance strategies. The USAID program is working to reduce extreme poverty in Nepal. As part of this effort, we are collecting information from households and individuals such as yourself. Your participation in this survey is important because it is one of the few ways available for getting truly representative opinions. Your responses will help us to evaluate the USAID program and how it can be improved. This survey is for research and evaluation purposes only and your participation will neither increase nor decrease your chances of getting support from USAID or the government of Nepal. Before starting I would like to inform you that during this interview we will discuss some sensitive issues like caste, corruption, and trafficking. We wish to hear your views regarding these issues, however your participation in this survey is voluntary. The survey should take no more than 2 hours to complete. If you are unable or do not want to answer a question, you may decline. All of your responses will be kept confidential. We will not record your name and your responses will only be used in a statistical summary. For quality control purposes, sections of the interview may be recorded for the enumerator. If you have any questions about the survey, please call +977 1 4423176 /4413603so that we may assist you. CONSENT. Are you willing to participate in the interview? 1 Yes 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO CLOSURE] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SECTION 1: DEMOGRAPHICS _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GEND. Gender [ENUMERATOR: DO NOT READ RESPONSES. CODE FROM RESPONSE OPTIONS.] 1 Female 2 Male _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ AGE. Age: How old were you at your last birthday? ____completed years (age) 98 [PROG: NUMBER [18-65] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ To begin, we would like to ask you some questions about the peace process. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sub IR 1.1.1 Section 2: Peace Process Supported _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PPSPEED. In general, do you think that the peace process has moved too slowly, about the right (correct) speed, or too fast? 1 Too slowly 2 About the right (correct) speed 3 Too fast 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ As you might have heard, the Government signed a Comprehensive Peace Agreement to end the Armed Conflict in Nepal in 2006. The Agreement had several components. I would like to ask you how much progress you think has been made on each of these components. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ABSLKNG. To what extent has the progress been made in absolving the King and electing a Constituent Assembly? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No progress at all has been made 2 Very little progress has been made 3 Some progress has been made 4 Lots of progress has been made 5 Complete progress has been made 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ENDCNFCT. To what extent has progress been made in ending the conflict? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No progress at all has been made 2 Very little progress has been made 3 Some progress has been made 4 Lots of progress has been made 5 Complete progress has been made 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 99 DRFTCNT. To what extent has progress been made in drafting a new constitution? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No progress at all has been made 2 Very little progress has been made 3 Some progress has been made 4 Lots of progress has been made 5 Complete progress has been made 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RIGHTS. To what extent has progress been made in guaranteeing human rights for all of Nepal’s citizens, including social, civil, economic and cultural rights? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No progress at all has been made 2 Very little progress has been made 3 Some progress has been made 4 Lots of progress has been made 5 Complete progress has been made 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RSLMPROB. To what extent has progress been made in resolving problems based on class, identity, region and gender? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No progress at all has been made 2 Very little progress has been made 3 Some progress has been made 4 Lots of progress has been made 5 Complete progress has been made 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ STRCSTE. To what extent has progress been made in restructuring the state? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No progress at all has been made 2 Very little progress has been made 3 Some progress has been made 4 Lots of progress has been made 5 Complete progress has been made 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MNGARMY. To what extent has progress been made in managing the army and arms? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No progress at all has been made 2 Very little progress has been made 3 Some progress has been made 4 Lots of progress has been made 5 Complete progress has been made 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) 100 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ INTMAO. To what extent has progress been made in reintegration of Maoist combatants in to Nepal Army? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No progress at all has been made 2 Very little progress has been made 3 Some progress has been made 4 Lots of progress has been made 5 Complete progress has been made 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CLRMNE. To what extent has progress been made in clearing landmines? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No progress at all has been made 2 Very little progress has been made 3 Some progress has been made 4 Lots of progress has been made 5 Complete progress has been made 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ IMPSCIE. To what extent has progress been made in implementing new land reform? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No progress at all has been made 2 Very little progress has been made 3 Some progress has been made 4 Lots of progress has been made 5 Complete progress has been made 88 Doen’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRCHEAR. Have you heard of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission formed after the conflict? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO TRCHEAR2] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO TRCHEAR2] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG : SKIP TO TRCHEAR2] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRCVIEW. Which of the following best describes your view of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission? [READ OPTIONS, SELECT ONLY ONE] 1 it has played an important role in reducing conflict in Nepal 2 it’s a good idea but it’s too soon to tell whether it will reduce conflict in Nepal 3 It is mostly for show and has had little effect on conflict in Nepal 4 It is a bad idea that is as likely to make conflict worse as it is to make it better 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 101 ESTTRC. What is your evaluation of the progress made by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No progress at all has been made 2 Very little progress has been made 3 Some progress has been made 4 Lots of progress has been made 5 Complete progress has been made 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRCHEAR2. Have you heard of the Commission on Investigation of Disappeared Persons that formed after the conflict? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO TRANSMISS_INTRO] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO TRANSMISS_INTRO] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO TRANSMISS_INTRO] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRCVIEW2. Which of the following best describes your view of the Commission on Investigation of Disappeared Persons? [READ OPTIONS] 1 It has played an important role in reducing conflict in Nepal 2 It’s a good idea but it’s too soon to tell whether it will reduce conflict in Nepal 3 It is mostly for show and has had little effect on conflict in Nepal 4 It is a bad idea that is as likely to make conflict worse as it is to make it better 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ESTTRC2. What is your evaluation of the progress made by the Commission on Investigation of Disappeared Persons? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No progress at all has been made 2 Very little progress has been made 3 Some progress has been made 4 Lots of progress has been made 5 Complete progress has been made 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRANSMISS_INTRO. People have different ideas about what is required to create and sustain a just and lasting peace. How about you? How important do you consider each of the following for achieving a just and lasting peace in Nepal? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRANMISS. Letting the families of missing people know what happened to their loved ones. To what extent do you think it is important? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All Important 2 Not Very Important 3 Somewhat Important 4 Very Important 102 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRANBLM. To what extent do you think it is important to provide a true and unbiased account of who was to blame for the conflict? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All Important 2 Not Very Important 3 Somewhat Important 4 Very Important 88 Doesn’t know/hasn’t heard of it (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRANCOMP. To what extent do you think it is important to provide financial compensation, for those who suffered losses in the conflict? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All Important 2 Not Very Important 3 Somewhat Important 4 Very Important 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRANREPAR. Providing services including rehabilitation services, psychosocial support, building memorials of the conflict victims. To what extent do you think it is important? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All Important 2 Not Very Important 3 Somewhat Important 4 Very Important 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRANHR. To what extent do you think it is important to ensure that human rights abuses will not happen again in Nepal? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All Important 2 Not Very Important 3 Somewhat Important 4 Very Important 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PUNISH. To what extent do you think it is important to punish those responsible for crimes and other human rights violations during the conflict? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All Important 2 Not Very Important 3 Somewhat Important 103 4 Very Important 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BLDTIES. To what extent do you think it is important to build ties between the participants in the conflict to increase cooperation and trust? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All Important 2 Not Very Important 3 Somewhat Important 4 Very Important 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Now I will ask your opinions about the recent conflict in Nepal. One hears people describe the recent conflict in Nepal in many ways. We are interested in your opinions on the following statements about that conflict. For each statement, please tell me your level of disagreement or agreement. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CONINVST. We must conduct investigations into the armed conflict so that we can learn from our mistakes and not make them again. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CONOPN. It’s better not to open old wounds by talking about what happened in the past. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CONLRN. I want my children to learn about what happened during the conflict period. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) 104 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CONJUST. The conflict caused great pain, but it served an important cause that justified the pain in the long run. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CONGOOD. In the long run, the conflict has made or will make Nepal a better country Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I am going to read some statements that might or might not be applicable for you and your family concerning the conflict period. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ VICTYPE1. Were you or a family member injured in the conflict? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ VICTYPE2. Were you or a family member tortured during the conflict? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) 105 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ VICTYPE3. Did you or a family member experience sexual violence during the conflict? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ VICTYPE4A. Was a family member killed or did they disappear in the conflict? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ VICTYPE5. Did you or a family member lose land or have property damaged in the conflict? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ VICTYPE6. Were you or a family member displaced as a result of the conflict? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ INNRPEACE. Some people tell us that they have put the conflict behind them and achieved inner peace and resolution. Others feel that the conflict remains unresolved and continues to cause them pain. How do you feel in this regard? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Still very much pained by the conflict 2 Still somewhat pained by the conflict 3 Somewhat at peace with the conflict 4 Fully at peace with the conflict 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I would like to ask some questions about your opinion of those who supported “the other side “from you in the conflict. For each of the following statements please tell me whether you strongly disagree, somewhat disagree, somewhat agree or strongly agree. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SIDEBAN. Those who were on the other side of the conflict should be banned from holding public office in Nepal. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 106 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know )DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer )DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SIDEALNG. We are all Nepali and have to learn to get along. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know )DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer )DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SIDEFRGVE. We need to forgive those who were on the other side for the sake of peace. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sub IR 1.1.3 Section 3: Local Conflict Mitigated Now we would like to ask you some questions about your community _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CNFLCT. To begin, how would you describe the current level of conflict in your community? [READ OPTIONS] 1 There are major unresolved conflicts [CONTINUE] 2 People mostly get along and there are no significant conflicts [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH1] 3 There are occasional conflicts, but they are mostly minor [CONTINUE] 4 There are moderate continuing conflicts [CONTINUE] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [CONTINUE] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [CONTINUE[ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CNFLCTRSLV. Are you aware of any efforts in your community to resolve these conflicts? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH1] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH1] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH1] 107 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CONFLCTCOMM. Of the following, who is leading these conflict resolutions efforts in your community? (READ OPTIONS] PRGM: randomize order of responses three times for three different questions to be randomly assigned using these orders of answers: CONFLCTCOMM1 First order: 2, 3, 5, 1, 4, 6, 7, 88, 98 CONFLCTCOMM2 Second order: 6, 5, 3, 4, 2, 1, 7, 88, 98 CONFLCTCOMM3 Third order: 1, 2, 4, 5, 3, 6, 7, 88, 98 1 Local Government Officials (Eg: Ward, rural municipality, municipality) 2 Local Community Mediators 3 Local organizations 4 Religious Leaders 5 Political party leaders 6 Methods local communities have traditionally used 7 None of these 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ IR 1.2 Section 4: Accountability of Institutions Strengthened Some groups in the country are experimenting with new ways to oversee what the government does, including the delivery of services _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOACCMECH1. Have you heard of Social Audits? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH2] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH2] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH2] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MECHUSE1. Have you ever participated in Social Audits? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH2] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH2] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH2] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MECHWHEN1 Have you participated in Social Audits in the last 12 months? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOACCMECH2. And have you heard of Public hearings? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH3] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH3] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH3] 108 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MECHUSE2. Have you ever participated in Public hearings? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH3] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH3] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH3] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MECHWHEN2. Have you participated in Public hearings in the last 12 months? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOACCMECH3. And have you heard of Citizen score cards? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH4] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH4] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH4] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MECHUSE3. Have you ever participated in Citizen score cards? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH4] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH4] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH4] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MECHWHEN3. Have you participated in Citizen score cards in the last 12 months? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOACCMECH4. And have you heard of CIAA Grievance Report? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH5] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH5] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH5] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MECHUSE4. Have you ever participated in CIAA Grievance Reports? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH5] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH5] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH5] 109 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MECHWHEN4. Have you participated in CIAA Grievance Reports in the last 12 months? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOACCMECH5. And have you heard of Right to information? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH6] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH6] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH6] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MECHUSE5. Have you ever participated in rallies, advocacy forums, campaign, or other efforts for Right to information? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH6] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH6] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH6] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MECHWHEN5. Have you participated in rallies, advocacy forums, campaign, or other efforts for Right to Information in the last 12 months? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH6] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO SOACCMECH6] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOACCMECH6. And have you heard of Hello Sarkar? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO GVRNACCN] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO GVRNACCN] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO GVRNACCN] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MECHUSE6. Have you ever participated in Hello Sarkar? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO GVRNACCN] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [CONTINUE] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO GVRNACCN] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MECHWHEN6. Have you participated in Hello Sarkar in the last 12 months? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 110 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sub IR 1.2.1 Section 5: Legislative/Government Oversight Strengthened Now we would like to ask you some questions about the role of the Government. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GVRNACCN. Who do you think should be MOST responsible for making sure that the Government in Nepal does what it is supposed to do for the country and its people? [READ OPTIONS] [ENUMERATOR: CHOOSE ONE ONLY] 1 The Government itself 2 Media 3 Local organizations 4 The judiciary 5 Political parties 6 Commission to Investigate Abuse of Authority (CIAA) 7 Citizens and voters 77 Other, specify (GVRNACCN_SPEC) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GVRNIFO. Where do you get MOST of your Information about Government? [READ OPTIONS: CHOOSE ONLY ONE] 1 Radio 2 Television 3 Friends and Relatives 4 Community leaders 5 Political Party members 6 Newspapers, magazines, or leaflets 7 Internet 8 Local organization 77 Other, specify (GVRNINFO_SPEC) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ For each of the following statements, please tell me if you strongly disagree, somewhat disagree, somewhat agree or strongly agree _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MEDIARELY. The media’s reporting about government is generally accurate and reliable. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 111 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MEDIAINFL. The media is controlled too much by the government. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MEDIAFRE. The media covers both the government and opposition fairly. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLVOTE. Even if they think their vote doesn’t matter, a citizen has a duty to vote. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLTHNK. Those who govern this country do not really care what people like you think. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLENGE. Politics is complicated for you to understand. Do you...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 112 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Now we would like to ask you some questions about interactions that you might have had with government officials. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CRPTEXP. Have you or someone you know experienced an act of corruption in the past twelve months? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Please tell me whether, in the past twelve months, you have personally had to pay a bribe or give a gift to one of the following either to get a service to which you were entitled or to avoid a penalty. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEPLC. In the past twelve months, have you personally had to pay a bribe or give a gift to the Police? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [SKIP TO BRIBEDU] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBEDU] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBEDU] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEAMNT_PLC. About how much did you have to pay to receive this service or to avoid a penalty? ____ [PROG: OPEN-ENDED FIELD] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEDU. In the past twelve months, have you personally had to pay a bribe or give a gift to someone in the Education System? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [SKIP TO BRIBEDU] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBEDU] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBEDU] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEAMNT_EDU. About how much did you have to pay to receive this service or to avoid a penalty? ____ [PROG: OPEN-ENDED FIELD] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEJUD. In the past twelve months, have you personally had to pay a bribe or give a gift to someone in the Judicial System? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [SKIP TO BRIBEMED] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBEMED] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBEMED] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 113 BRIBEAMNT_JUD. About how much did you have to pay to receive this service or to avoid a penalty? ____ [PROG: OPEN-ENDED FIELD] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEMED. In the past twelve months, have you personally had to pay a bribe or give a gift to someone in the Medical and Health System? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [SKIP TO BRIBEGOVRN] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBEGOVRN] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBEGOVRN] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEAMNT_MED. About how much did you have to pay to receive this service or to avoid a penalty? ____ [PROG: OPEN-ENDED FIELD] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEGOVRN. In the past twelve months, have you personally had to pay a bribe or give a gift to someone in the Government Registry and Permit Offices? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [SKIP TO BRIBEUTIL] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBEUTIL] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBEUTIL] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEAMNT_GOVRN. About how much did you have to pay to receive this service or to avoid a penalty? ____ [PROG: OPEN-ENDED FIELD] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEUTIL. In the past twelve months, have you personally had to pay a bribe or give a gift to a Utility service provider (such as water, telephone, electricity)? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [SKIP TO BRIBETAX] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBETAX] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBETAX] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEAMNT_UTIL. About how much did you have to pay to receive this service or to avoid a penalty? ____ [PROG: OPEN-ENDED FIELD] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBETAX. In the past twelve months, have you personally had to pay a bribe or give a gift to someone in the office of Tax? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 114 2 No [SKIP TO BRIBELAND] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBELAND] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO BRIBELAND] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEAMNT_TAX. About how much did you have to pay to receive this service or to avoid a penalty? ____ [PROG: OPEN-ENDED FIELD] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBELAND. In the past twelve months, have you personally had to pay a bribe or give a gift to a Land service provider? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [SKIP TO CRPTSUB] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO CRPTSUB] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO CRPTSUB] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BRIBEAMNT_LAND. About how much did you have to pay to receive this service or to avoid a penalty? ____ [PROG: OPEN-ENDED FIELD] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CRPTSUB. How do you think corruption in the national government compares to corruption in your local government? [READ OPTIONS] 1 National government is more corrupt 2 Local government is more corrupt 3 Corruption in both is much the same 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Now thinking about the role of the local government in your community… _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GVRNPRT. In the past year, have you actively participated in any activities designed to make sure that your local government (VDC/ rural municipality/ Municipality or newly elected municipality) does what it is supposed to do? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 115 Sub IR 1.2.3 Section 6: Electoral Processes Improved _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLVCE. To what extent do you think you have a strong voice in political decisions that affect you or your community? Would you say you have? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No voice at all. 2 A weak voice 3 A moderate Voice 4 A very strong voice 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLINT. How interested would you say you are in politics? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all interested 2 Not very interested 3 Somewhat interested 4 Very interested 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLACT1. Have you signed a petition to protest a government decision in the past two years? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLACT2. Have you written to or visited a public official about an issue or policy in the past two years? 1 YES 2 NO 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLACT3. Have you participated in a protest march or demonstration in the past two years? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLACT4. Have you worked together with others to solve a problem in my community in the past two years? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLACT5. Have you participated in a political party meeting, rally or other event in the past two years? 1 Yes 2 No 116 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLREGS. Are you registered to vote? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO ECNCONFD] 3 Not Eligible [PROG: SKIP TO ECNCONFD] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO ECNCONFD] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO ECNCONFD] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ VOTE2013. Did you vote in the recent local election in 2017 or election that took place in November 2013? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [SKIP TO ECNCONFD] 3 Not Eligible [SKIP TO ECNCONFD] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO ECNCONFD] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO ECNCONFD] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ VTCONSID. When deciding which party to vote for in the 2017 or the November 2013 election, which of the following was the most important consideration for you? [READ OPTIONS] PROG: Single option and randomize order of responses three times for three different questions to be randomly assigned VTCONSID1. First order: 5, 4, 9, 6, 3, 1, 7, 2, 8, 88, 98 VTCONSID2. Second order: 9, 6, 1, 4, 7, 8, 2, 5, 3 88, 98 VTCONSID3. Third order: 6, 9, 4, 5, 3, 2, 7, 8, 1 88, 98 1 Voting for someone associated with the same political party 2 Voting for someone from my region or district 3 Voting for someone who I think is honest 4 Voting for someone from my ethnic or religious group 5 Voting for someone who I think will be a strong leader 6 Voting for someone who stands for the issues I think are important 7 Voting for someone who I think will do the most for me personally 8 Voting for someone who will do the most for the country as a whole even if it doesn’t benefit me or my region 9 Voting for someone who other people in my family and/or community voted for 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ECNCONFD. How much confidence do you have in the competence of the Election Commission (ECN) to effectively register voters and manage the election process? Would you say you have no confidence at all, little confidence, some confidence, or a lot of confidence, or have you never heard of the Election Commission? 1 No Confidence at all [CONTINUE] 2 Little Confidence [CONTINUE] 3 Some Confidence [CONTINUE] 4 A lot of confidence [CONTINUE] 5 Have never heard of the Election Commission [SKIP TO ELCTFREE] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO ELCTFREE] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO ELCTFREE] 117 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GVNRPTCON. How much confidence do you have that the Election Commission honestly and accurately reports election results? Would you say you have No confidence at all, Little confidence Some confidence or A lot of confidence? 1 No Confidence at all 2 Little Confidence 3 Some Confidence 4 A lot of confidence 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ELCTFREE. Overall, how would you rate the freedom and fairness of elections in Nepal? Would you say they are: [READ OPTIONS] 1 Completely free and fair 2 Mostly free and fair, but with minor problems 3 Somewhat free and fair, but with major problems 4 Not at all free and fair 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’TREAD) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ IR 1.3 SECTION 7: Civic Participation and Advocacy Increased _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CSOROLE. What do you consider to be the key role of civil society organizations (CSOs)? [SELECT ALL THAT APPLY] (NOTE: coded in dataset as CSOROLE# -- 0= Did not mention 1 = mentioned, where # is the value of the response option) CSOs are defined as any organizations, whether formal or informal, that are not part of the apparatus of government, that do not distribute profits to their directors or operators, that are self￾governing, and in which participation is a matter of free choice. 1 To advocate on behalf of citizen and community interests 2 To provide services to the public (e.g. health, education) 3 Social networking 4 Income generation and economic development 5 Improve peoples’ daily lives 6 Strengthen the political voices of the people 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO ORGBLNG1] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’TREAD) [SKIP TO ORGBLNG1] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CSOSATS. Are you satisfied with how CSOs fulfill this/these role(s)? Would you say you are Not Satisfied at all, Not Very Satisfied, Satisfied or Very Satisfied? 1 Not satisfied at all 2 Not Very Satisfied 3 Satisfied 4 Very Satisfied 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) 118 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ More generally, now I would like to ask about how effectively you think organizations such as these perform the following functions in Nepal. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ADVOCATE_9. How effectively do you think the organizations advocate the peoples’ interests to the government? Would you say ...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not effectively 2 Somewhat Effectively 3 Very Effectively 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROVIDE. How effectively do you think the organizations provide needed services to their members? Would you say...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not effectively 2 Somewhat Effectively 3 Very Effectively 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BELONG. How effectively do you think the organizations give members a sense of belonging? Would you say...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not effectively 2 Somewhat Effectively 3 Very Effectively 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ACCOUNT. How effectively do you think the organizations hold the Government accountable to respond to citizen concerns? Would you say...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not effectively 2 Somewhat Effectively 3 Very Effectively 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ IMPLIVE. How effectively do you think the organizations improve peoples’ daily lives? Would you say...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not effectively 2 Somewhat Effectively 3 Very Effectively 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ STRENGTH. How effectively do you think the organizations strengthen the political voices of the people? Would you say...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not effectively 2 Somewhat Effectively 119 3 Very Effectively 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGCSG. Whether or not you are a member, do you think that the activities of these types of groups are good or bad for Nepal? Would you say they are Very Bad, Somewhat Bad, Somewhat Good or Very Good? 1 Very bad 2 Somewhat bad 3 Somewhat Good 4 Very Good 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sub IR 1.3.1Section 8: Civil Society Capacity Strengthened _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG1. Are you a member of a Trade Union (such as Taxi Drivers associations)? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ( _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG2. Are you a member of a Professional or Business Association (Bar, journalists, teachers associations, management association)? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG3. Are you a member of any Religious or cultural groups? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG4. Are you a member of any Women or youth Groups? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG5. Are you a member of any Sports Clubs? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 120 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG6. Are you a member of a Political party? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG7. Are you a member of any Parent/teacher or Education Groups? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG8. Are you a member of any Farmers’ organizations? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG9. Are you a Female Village Community Health Volunteer [PROG NOTE: ONLY ASK IF GEND IS FEMALE]? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG10. Are you a member of any Sector Committees (e.g. health, agriculture, anti-trafficking, etc.)? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG11. Are you a member of any User’s group (e.g. Forest, Water, etc.)? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG12. Are you a member of any Traditional institutions (Velmansha of Tharu, Guthi of Newars)? 1 Yes 2 No 121 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG12_1. Are you a member of a Co-operative? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGBLNG13. Are you a member of any other community-based organization (other than previously mentioned)? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: SKIP TO GRPCNCT if there are no selections of 1 YES from ORGBLNG1 to ORGBLNG13 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGTIME. With regard to these organization(s), how frequently have you participated in a group meeting or other activity in the past year? Would you say you participated Never, Rarely, Sometimes, or Often? 1 Never 2 Rarely 3 Sometimes 4 Often 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GRPCNCT. In the past year have you received any communications from these organization(s)? 1 Yes [CONTINUE] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO ORGREPR] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO ORGREPR] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO ORGREPR] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GRPCNCT_MED. Please tell me for each of the following, yes or no, is it a way that you received information from these organization(s)? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GRPCNCT_MED1. Flyers / notice board 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 122 GRPCNCT_MED2. Radio 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GRPCNCT_MED3. TV 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GRPCNCT_MED4. Newspapers 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GRPCNCT_MED5. Social media (e.g. Facebook) 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GRPCNCT_MED6. Email/letters 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GRPCNCT_MED7. Phone or Text Message 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GRPCNCT_MED8. Face to face contact 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ORGREPR. Overall, how well do you think these organizations represent your interests? Would you say you think it represents your interest not at all well, not very well, somewhat well, or very well? 1 Not At all Well 2 Not very Well 3 Somewhat Well 4 Very Well 1 Yes 123 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sometimes people have problems they cannot solve by themselves, and so they request help from a government official or agency. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ APPRCH. If you had a specific issue with the Government or a government policy/service, how would you most likely approach the Government? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Individually 2 Through a personal contact 3 Through a family member 4 Through a civil society organization 5 Through a political party 6 Other 7 Would not approach the Government (DON’T READ) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ HLPPARLMT. Have you requested help from an elected Member of Parliament in the past two years? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ HLPLOCLDR. Have you requested help from a local political party leader in the past two years? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ HLPNATBUR. Have you requested help from a bureaucrat at the national level in the past two years? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ HLPLOCBUR. Have you requested help from a bureaucrat at the local level in the past two years? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ HLPCSO. Have you requested help from a Community-Service Organization in the past two years? 1 Yes [PROG: IF MORE THAN 1 YES from HLPPARLMT to HLPCSO GO TO RECNTCNTCT] 124 2 No [PROG: IF1 YES ONLY GO TO OFFCNTCT OR NO RESPONSES SKIP TO INTRSPRTCT] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RECNTCNTCT. Which of these was the most recent person you contacted? 1 An elected member of Parliament 2 A local political party leader 3 A bureaucrat at the national level 4 A bureaucrat at the local level. 5 A representative of Community-Service Organization 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO INTRSPRTCT] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO INTRSPRTCT] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ OFFCNTCT. Now thinking of the most recent person you contacted, how did you contact that official? 1 In person at his/her office 2 In person outside of their office 3 By standard mail 4 By telephone 5 By email or the internet 6 Through an intermediary 7 Other 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO INTRSPRTCT] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO INTRSPRTCT] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ OFFRSPNS. And did you receive a response from this government official? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO INTRSPRTCT] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO INTRSPRTCT] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO INTRSPRTCT] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATRESPNS. To what extent were you satisfied with their response to your request? Were you…? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Unsatisfied 2 Somewhat Unsatisfied 3 Somewhat Satisfied 4 Very Satisfied 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sub IR 1.3.4Section 9: Vulnerable Populations’ Rights Protected For each of the following, please tell me yes or no, do you trust this leader or institution to protect the interest of people like you. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 125 INTRSPRTCT1. Do you trust the prime minister to protect the interest of people like you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ INTRSPRTCT2. Do you trust the president to protect the interest of people like you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ INTRSPRTCT3. Do you trust the national legislature to protect the interest of people like you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ INTRSPRTCT4. Do you trust the courts to protect the interest of people like you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ INTRSPRTCT5. Do you trust the army to protect the interest of people like you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ INTRSPRTCT6. Do you trust the police to protect the interest of people like you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ INTRSPRTCT7. Do you trust NGOs and other social service organizations to protect the interest of people like you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ INTRSPRTCT8. Do you trust local government to protect the interest of people like you? 1 Yes 2 No 126 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ INTRSPRTCT9. Do you trust community elders etc. to protect the interest of people like you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRUST1. If you were physically harmed or threatened with physical harm or abuse, would you trust a police officer to help you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRUST2. If you were physically harmed or threatened with physical harm or abuse, would you trust a judge or lawyer to help you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRUST3. If you were physically harmed or threatened with physical harm or abuse, would you trust a soldier to help you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRUST4. If you were physically harmed or threatened with physical harm or abuse, would you trust a local government official to help you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRUST5. If you were physically harmed or threatened with physical harm or abuse, would you trust an NGO or other social organization to help you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRUST6. If you were physically harmed or threatened with physical harm or abuse, would you trust a women’s shelter to help you? PROG: Only asked of females 127 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRUST7. If you were physically harmed or threatened with physical harm or abuse, would you trust a religious leader to help you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRUST8. If you were physically harmed or threatened with physical harm or abuse, would you trust a family member to help you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRUST9. If you were physically harmed or threatened with physical harm or abuse, would you trust a teacher to help you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRUST10. If you were physically harmed or threatened with physical harm or abuse, would you trust a health worker? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRUST11. If you were physically harmed or threatened with physical harm or abuse, would you trust a community elder to help you? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Now I am going read to some statements. Please answer if you Strongly Disagree, Somewhat Disagree, Somewhat Agree or Strongly Agree with the following statements. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 128 POLMEN. On the whole, men make better political leaders than women do. Do you…? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GNDRJOBS. When jobs are scarce, men should have more right to a job than women. Do you…? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ HOMORGHT. Homosexuals should not have the same legal rights as others. Do you…? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ EQLRGHT. The Country would be better off if historically marginalized peoples played an equal role with others in politics and government (For example: Dalit, Janajati, Women, etc). Do you…? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’ t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ FEMRGHT. Males and Females should have equal access to social, economic, and political opportunities. Do you…? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 129 98 Doesn’t answer(DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PMRIGHT. Religion, caste, ethnicity, gender should not be an obstacle for any person from Nepal to assume the PM office. Do you…? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ LLGELCT. People from all ethnic and cultural groups should be allowed to stand as a candidate for elected positions. Do you . . . ? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ LLGDEMON. People from all communities should be allowed to hold street demonstrations to express their views. Do you…? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ LLGEQUAL. All religious, ethnic and minority groups (Dalit, Janajati, Muslim, etc) should have equal access to social, economic, and political opportunities. Do you…? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ LLGBAN. People from all ethnic and cultural groups should be allowed to live in my community. Do you…? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 130 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer(DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ LLGMARY. My son or daughter should only marry someone from our cultural or ethnic group. Do you…? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Somewhat Disagree 3 Somewhat Agree 4 Strongly Agree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer(DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRAFFK. There has been a lot of discussion recently about Human Trafficking. Have you heard anything about this? 1 Yes [PROG: CONTINUETO TRAFFKNW] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO WRKCONTRY] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO WRKCONTRY] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO WRKCONTRY] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRAFFKNW. What kind of trafficking have you heard of? [OPEN-ENDED] [ENUMERATOR: DO NOT READ RESPONSES. MARK ALL THAT ARE MENTIONED.] (NOTE: coded in dataset as CSOROLE# -- 0= Did not mention 1 = mentioned, where # is the value of the response option) 1 Sex (domestic/international) 2 Labor (domestic/international) 3 Organ (domestic/international) 4 Forced Marriage 5. Child Trafficking 1000 Other 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ WRKCONTRY. Have you ever worked in another country? 1 Yes [PROG: CONTINUETO CONTRYWHC] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO FAMWRK] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO FAMWRK] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO FAMWRK] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CONTRYWHC. Which country? [ENUMERATOR: DO NOT READ OPTIONS. CHECK ALL THAT APPLY] (NOTE: coded in dataset as CSOROLE# -- 0= Did not mention 1 = mentioned, where # is the value of the response option) 1 India 2 Malaysia 3 Korea 4 Australia 131 77 Other 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ FAMWRK. Are any members of your family currently working in another country? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRAFFKEX. “Trafficking is defined as when someone is recruited, transported, or held through the threat or use of force, deception, or the abuse of power for the purposes of exploitation. Exploitation includes prostitution or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, forced marriage and the sale of human organs. Trafficked individuals are treated as possessions and made to do work that they do not want to do through physical force or threats of force against the person or their family. Trafficked individuals are often told lies about the type of work they will do or the amount of money and benefits they will receive. Trafficking can happen in your community, anywhere in Nepal or in another country.” In thinking back over your life, do you think this has ever happened to you? 1 Yes [PROG: SKIP TO TRAFFKIND] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO PERCNTTRAFK] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’TREAD) [PROG: SKIP TO PERCNTTRAFK] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO PERCNTTRAFK] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRAFFKIND. What kind of trafficking did you experience? 1 Sex 2 Labor 3 Organ 4 Forced Marriage 1000 Other 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PERCNTTRAFK. Based on what you know about the people in your community, what percentage of people who go abroad from Nepal for work end up suffering from human trafficking? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Less than 1% 2 10% or less 3 25 % or less 4 About half (50%) 5 More than half. 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) 132 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ TRAFKRSN. What do you think are the principal reasons Nepalese become victims of trafficking for forced labor? [ENUMERATOR: DO NOT READ RESPONSES. MARK ALL THAT ARE MENTIONED] (NOTE: coded in dataset as CSOROLE# -- 0= Did not mention 1 = mentioned, where # is the value of the response option) 1 Lack of Information / lack of education 2 Poor wages/Unemployment 3 Careless behavior by the victims 4 Weak laws/law enforcement 5 Gender discrimination 6 Organized Crime 7 Ethnic discrimination 8 Family pressure to earn money 9 Peer pressure for nice clothes, cell phones etc. 10 Unscrupulous or illegal Recruiters 11 Unscrupulous or illegal Employers 1000 Other 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ IR 1.4 Section 10: Public Policy and Performance Improved Now we would like to ask you about your satisfaction with Government services. For each of the following institutions, please tell me if are you more satisfied or more dissatisfied. If you have no experience with services from the institution, please tell me that. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVVISIT. 1In the last 12 months, have you or your family visited the district Hospital/Primary health care center for service? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT2] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT2] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT2] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVSERV1. To what extent are you satisfied with the services provided by the district Hospital/Primary health care center for service? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 No opinion / No experience _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVVISIT2. In the last 12 months, have you or your family received services (medicals/check￾ups) from the Health Post/urban health clinics? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT3] 133 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT3] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT3] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVSERV2. To what extent are you satisfied with the services provided by from the Health Post/urban health clinics? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 No opinion / No experience _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVVISIT3. In the last 12 months, have or your family you ever received services from the Sub Health Post? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT4] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT4] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT4] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVSERV3. To what extent are you satisfied with the services provided by Sub Health Post? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 No opinion / No experience _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVVISIT4. In the last 12 months, have you or your family members ever received services from the Public Primary School? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT5] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT5] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVSERV4. To what extent are you satisfied with the services provided by the Public Primary School? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 No opinion / No experience _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVVISIT5. In the last 12 months, have you or your family received services from the Public Secondary School? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT6] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT6] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT6] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 134 SATGOVSERV5. To what extent are you satisfied with the services provided by the Public Secondary School? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 No opinion /No experience _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVVISIT6. In the last 12 months, have you or your family received services from the Agriculture extension service center, sub-center, District Agriculture Office? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT7] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT7] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT7] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVSERV6. To what extent are you satisfied with the services provided by the Agriculture extension service center, sub-center, District Agriculture Office? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 No opinion / No experience _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVVISIT7. In the last 12 months, have you or your family received services from the District Forest Office? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT8] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT8] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT8] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVSERV7. To what extent are you satisfied with the services provided by the District Forest Office? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 No opinion / No experience _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVVISIT8. In the last 12 months, have you or your family received services from the VDC /rural municipality/Municipality? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT9] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT9] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT9] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVSERV8. To what extent are you satisfied with the services provided by the VDC /rural municipality/Municipality? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 135 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 No opinion / No experience _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVVISIT9. In the last 12 months have you or your family receive services from the Local Development Office/DDC? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT10] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT10] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT10] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVSERV9. To what extent are you satisfied with the services provided by the Local Development Office/DDC? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 No opinion / No experience _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVVISIT10. In the last 12 months have you or your family received services from the District Administration Office/ Chief District Office? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT11] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT11] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT11] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVSERV10. To what extent are you satisfied with the services provided by the District Administration Office/ Chief District Office? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 No opinion / No experience _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVVISIT11. In the last 12 months, have you or your family received services from the District Women and Children’s Office? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT12] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT12] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SATGOVVISIT12] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVSERV11. To what extent are you satisfied with the services provided by the District Women and Children’s Office? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 No opinion / No experience _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVVISIT12. In the last 12 months, you have or your family ever received services from the District Veterinary service/Veterinary extension Service center/Sub-center? 136 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO POLUMPRV] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO POLUMPRV] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO POLUMPRV] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SATGOVSERV12. To what extent are you satisfied with the services provided by the District Veterinary service/Veterinary extension Service center/Sub-center? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 No opinion / No experience _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sub-IR 1.4.1 Section 11: Legislation, Regulation etc. How well or badly would you say the Government of Nepal is handling the following matters? Would you say it is handled Very Badly, Fairly Badly, Fairly Well, Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLUMPRV. How well do you think Government of Nepal improves the Living Standards for the poor? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLEDU. How well do you think the Government of Nepal improves Education? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLSOCSEC. How well do you think the Government of Nepal improves Social Security? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLJBCRT. How well do you think the Government of Nepal creates jobs? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLPRICE. How well do you think the Government of Nepal keeps prices down? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 137 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLGAP. How well do you think the Government of Nepal narrows the gap between rich and poor? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLCRIME. How well do you think the Government of Nepal reduces Crime? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLHLTHSER. How well do you think the Government of Nepal improves Basic Health Services? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLCORRPT. How well do you think the Government of Nepal fights Corruption? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLCLEAN. How well do you think the Government of Nepal provides clean water and sanitation? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLELEC. How well do you think the Government of Nepal provides a reliable supply of needed electricity? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLPRTCT. How well do you think the Government of Nepal protects individuals’ rights and freedoms? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 138 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLCNFLCT. How well do you think the Government of Nepal reduces conflict within society? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLPEACE. How well do you think the Government of Nepal promotes peace and reconciliation? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLHRD. How well do you think the Government of Nepal ensures that everyone’s voice is heard in politics? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLREGMIG. How well do you think the Government of Nepal regulates migration? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POLTRAFICK. How well do you think the Government of Nepal addresses human trafficking? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ What about local government? I do not mean the national government. I mean your local government. How well or badly would you say your local government is handling the following matters? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ LOCRDS. How well do you think the local government maintains local roads? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 139 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ LOCMRKT. How well do you think the local government maintains local market places? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ LOCSCHL. How well do you think the local government provides good schooling? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ LOCHOSP. How well do you think the local government provides good health services? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ LOCCIT. How well do you think the local government provides services like registering citizens )such as birth certification, death certification)? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ LOCHARMY How well do you think the local government promotes harmony within the community? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 140 Sub-IR 1.4.2Section 12: Governmental, non-governmental and private sector actors’ service delivery improved. Now, let us talk about some of the services that you received from the government, non￾government and private sectors. With reference to your needs being met by the following services, please tell us how satisfied you are with those services. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVHLTH. To what extent are you satisfied with the services from government or other providers concerning health care for you and your family? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very unsatisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 I’ve never accessed that service _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVAG. To what extent are you satisfied with the services from government or other providers concerning agriculture extension services? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very unsatisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 I’ve never accessed that service _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVEDU. To what extent are you satisfied with the services from government or other providers concerning education of your children? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very unsatisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 I’ve never accessed that service _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVSEC. To what extent are you satisfied with the services from government or other providers concerning protection from crime and violence? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very unsatisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 I’ve never accessed that service 141 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVJUST. To what extent are you satisfied with the services from government or other providers concerning the resolution of disputes you have with other citizens or the authorities? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very unsatisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 I’ve never accessed that service _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVTRAFF. To what extent are you satisfied with the services from government or other providers concerning information on safe migration? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very unsatisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 I’ve never accessed that service _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVCDO. To what extent are you satisfied with the services from the VDC/CDO? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very unsatisfied 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 3 Somewhat satisfied 4 Very satisfied 5 I’ve never accessed that service _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DISCPUB. Thinking about yourself and your family, in the past twelve months have you or a family member been unfairly treated because of your gender, ethnic or religious group or caste when receiving one of those services (health care services, agriculture extension services, accessing education for your children, protection from crime and violence, resolution of disputes with other citizens or the authorities, information on safe migration, accessing services from VDC/CDO)? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO DISCRIMWOMEN] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO DISCRIMWOMEN] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO DISCRIMWOMEN] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSRVHLTH==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVHLTH_DIS. Did you or your family experience unfair treatment because of your gender, ethnic or religious group or caste when accessing healthcare services? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SOCSRVAG_DIS] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SOCSRVAG_DIS] 142 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SOCSRVAG_DIS] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSRVHLTH==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVHLTH_FQ. How frequently did you experience this treatment? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very often 2 Sometimes 3 Never 4 Do not have much contact with these services 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSRVAG ==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVAG_DIS. Did you or your family experience unfair treatment because of your gender, ethnic or religious group or caste when accessing agricultural extension services? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SOCSRVEDU_DIS] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’TREAD) [SKIP TO SOCSREDU_DIS] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’TREAD) [SKIP TO SOCSREDU_DIS] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSRVAG ==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVAG_FQ. How frequently did you experience this treatment? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very often 2 Sometimes 3 Never 4 Do not have much contact with these services 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSRVEDU ==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVEDU_DIS. Did you or your family experience unfair treatment because of your gender, ethnic or religious group or caste when accessing education for your children? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SOCSRVSEC_DIS] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SOCSRVSEC_DIS] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SOCSRVSEC_DIS] 143 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSRVEDU ==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVEDU_FQ. How frequently did you experience this treatment? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very often 2 Sometimes 3 Never 4 Do not have much contact with these services 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSRVSEC ==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVSEC_DIS. Did you or your family experience unfair treatment because of your gender, ethnic or religious group or caste concerning protection from crime and violence? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SOCSRVJUST_DIS] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SOCSRVJUST_DIS] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SOCSRVJUST_DIS] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSRVSEC ==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSERVSEC_FQ. How frequently did you experience this treatment? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very often 2 Sometimes 3 Never 4 Do not have much contact with these services _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSRVJUST ==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSRVJUST_DIS Did you or your family experience unfair treatment because of your gender, ethnic or religious group or caste concerning the resolution of disputes with other citizens or the authorities? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SOCSRVTRAFF_DIS] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SOCSRVTRAFF_DIS] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SOCSRVTRAFF_DIS] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 144 PROG: Skip if SOCSRVJUST ==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSERVJUST_FQ. How frequently did you experience this treatment? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very often 2 Sometimes 3 Never 4 Do not have much contact with these 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSERVTRAFF ==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSERVTRAFF_DIS. Did you or your family experience unfair treatment because of your gender, ethnic or religious group or caste concerning information on safe migration? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO SOCSRVCDO_DIS] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SOCSRVCDO_DIS] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [SKIP TO SOCSRVCDO_DIS] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSERVTRAFF ==5 145 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSERVTRAFF_FQ. How frequently did you experience this treatment? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very often 2 Sometimes 3 Never 4 Do not have much contact with these services 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSERVCDO ==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSERVCDO_DIS. Did you or your family experience unfair treatment because of your gender, ethnic or religious group or caste when accessing services from the VDC/CDO? 1 Yes 2 No [SKIP TO DISCRIMWOMEN] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’TREAD) [SKIP TO DISCRIMWOMEN] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’TREAD) [SKIP TO DISCRIMWOMEN] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Skip if SOCSERVCDO ==5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SOCSERVCDO_FQ. How frequently did you experience this treatment? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very often 2 Sometimes 3 Never 4 Do not have much contact with these services 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PROG: Random question order for DISCRIMWOMEN - DISCRIMBRAHMIN _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DISCRIMWOMEN. How much do you think women suffer from discrimination in this country while accessing the services mentioned above? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not much at all 2 Some 3 A lot 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DISCRIMDALITS. How much do you think Dalits suffer from discrimination in this country while accessing services mentioned above? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not much at all 2 Some 3 A lot 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 146 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) 147 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DISCRIMJANAJATI. How much do you think Janajati suffer from discrimination in this countrywhileaccessing services mentioned above? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not much at all 2 Some 3 A lot 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DISCRIMMADHESI. How much do you think Madhesi suffer from discrimination in this country while accessing services mentioned above? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not much at all 2 Some 3 A lot 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DISCRIMMUSLIMS. How much do you think Muslims suffer from discrimination in this country while accessing services mentioned above? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not much at all 2 Some 3 A lot 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DISCRIMLGBTI. How much do you think homosexuals suffer from discrimination in this country while accessing services mentioned above? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not much at all 2 Some 3 A lot 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DISCRIMBRAHMIN. How much do you think Brahmin/Chhetri (high caste groups) suffers from discrimination in this country while accessing services mentioned above? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not much at all 2 Some 3 A lot 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 148 Resilience Metric Now we would like to ask you about the extent to which you feel that certain statements describe you. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RESPECT. I have people in my life who I can respect. Does this describe you? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All 2 Very Little 3 Somewhat 4 To a Great Extent 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RESSHRE. I share/cooperate with people around me. Does this describe you? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All 2 Very Little 3 Somewhat 4 To a Great Extent 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RESSUPR. My family is supportive towards me. Does this describe you? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All 2 Very Little 3 Somewhat 4 To a Great Extent 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RESEAT. If I am hungry, I can usually get enough food to eat. Does this describe you [READ OPTIONS]? 1 Not at All 2 Very Little 3 Somewhat 4 To a Great Extent 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RESSPRTL. Spiritual beliefs are a source of strength for me. Does this describe you? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All 2 Very Little 3 Somewhat 4 To a Great Extent 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RESETHNC. I am proud of my ethnic background (for example, I am proud of where my family comes from or know a lot about my family’s history). Does this describe you? [READ OPTIONS] 149 1 Not at All 2 Very Little 3 Somewhat 4 To a Great Extent 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RESFEEL. I talk to my family/partner about how I feel (for example, when I am sad or concerned). Does this describe you? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All 2 Very Little 3 Somewhat 4 To a Great Extent 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RESHELP. I know where to go if I need help. Does this describe you? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All 2 Very Little 3 Somewhat 4 To a Great Extent 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RESCOMM. I feel that I belong in my community. Does this describe you? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All 2 Very Little 3 Somewhat 4 To a Great Extent 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RESCOMHP. I think it is important to help out in my community. Does this describe you? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All 2 Very Little 3 Somewhat 4 To a Great Extent 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ IR 1.1 Section 13: Peaceful Political Environment Sustained People have different ways they are willing to try and achieve political change. How about you? Please tell us how willing you would be to use the following methods to achieve important political change in this country. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 150 VOTEPRT. Would you vote for the party that you think will best achieve the necessary change? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Certainly not willing 2 Probably not willing 3 Probably willing 4 Certainly willing 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ADVOCATE. Would you join others to peacefully protest for important political change? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Certainly not willing 2 Probably not willing 3 Probably willing 4 Certainly willing 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ WRKCHNG. Would you work for or with an organization or association that advocates necessary political change? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Certainly not willing 2 Probably not willing 3 Probably willing 4 Certainly willing 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ VIOLENT. Would you join with others in violent protests if that is necessary to achieve important political change? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Certainly not willing 2 Probably not willing 3 Probably willing 4 Certainly willing 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 151 Post-Earthquake _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE1. The Gorkha earthquake struck Nepal in April of 2015 and affected some areas for weeks after occurring. How seriously, if at all, were you personally affected by the Gorkha earthquake? Would you say you were affected…? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Not at All [PROG: SKIP TO POSTQKE5] 2 Very Little 3 Somewhat 4 To a Great Extent 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO POSTQKE5] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO POSTQKE5] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE2. What best describes how you personally are recovering from the Gorkha earthquake? Would you say you have [READ OPTIONS] 1 Haven’t recovered at all 2 Recovered only a little 3 Mostly recovered 4 Completely recovered [PROG: SKIP TO POSTQKE5] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE3. How much longer do you think it will be before things get back to normal for you? [READ OPTIONS] 1 A year or less 2 One to Two years 3 Three to five years 4 More than five years 5 I will never recover 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE5. Next, thinking about the people in your neighborhood (city/village), do you think that most people in your neighborhood (city/village) have gotten no help, very little help, some help, most of the help, or all of the help they need to recover and restore their lives after the Gorkha earthquake? 1 No help [PROG: SKIP TO POSTQKE9] 2 Very little 3 Some 4 Most 5 All 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO POSTQKE7] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO POSTQKE7] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE6. Was most of the help received from the Government or private sources? 1 Government 2 Private 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 152 POSTQKE7. Do you feel that everyone in your neighborhood (city/village) had equal access to Government provided post-earthquake assistance? 1 Yes [PROG: SKIP TO POSTQKE9] 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO POSTQKE9] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO POSTQKE9] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE8. Is there a particular group that you feel was excluded from receiving assistance? [DO NOT READ OPTION; CODE IN THE FIELD; SELECT ONLY 1; IF THEY PROVIDE MORE THAN ONE RESPONSE, ASK WHICH WAS MOST EXCLUDED] 1 Everyone (or almost everyone) 2 Janajati 3 Dalit 4 The poor 5 Those without political connections 6 Those who are marginalized 7 Those who cannot speak out for themselves 8 Women 9 Other 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE9. At any point after the Gorkha earthquake, did you receive any of the following types of assistance from the Government, or not? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE91. Did you receive any Emergency Rescue Service at any point after Gorkha earthquake from the government? 1 Yes 2 No 3 Yes (Source not Known) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE92. Did you receive Emergency Food Items service at any point after Gorkha earthquake from the government? 1 Yes 2 No 3 Yes (Source not Known) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE93. Did you receive Temporary Shelter at any point after Gorkha earthquake from the government? 1 Yes 2 No 3 Yes (Source not Known) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) 153 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE94. Did you receive Hygiene and Sanitation Items (WASH) at any point after Gorkha earthquake from the government? 1 Yes 2 No 3 Yes (Source not Known) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE95. Did you receive services for Debris removal, Demolition, or Dismantling of damaged houses services from the government at any point after Gorkha earthquake? 1 Yes 2 No 3 Yes (Source not Known) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE96. Did you receive Medical/health services at any point after Gorkha earthquake from the government? 1 Yes 2 No 3 Yes (Source not Known) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE97. Did you receive Resettlement Materials support or monetary compensation at any point after Gorkha earthquake from the government? 1 Yes 2 No 3 Yes (Source not Known) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE98. Did you receive Training or Information on Risk alerts, Safety, or Support￾Services at any point after Gorkha earthquake from the government? 1 Yes 2 No 3 Yes (Source not Know) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE99. did you receive Temporary Education or Learning Services at any point after Gorkha earthquake from the government? 1 Yes 2 No 3 Yes (Source not Know) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) 154 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE910. Did you receive Market Services or Agricultural Inputs at any point after Gorkha earthquake from the government? 1 Yes 2 No 3 Yes (Source not Know) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSTQKE10. Overall, how would you say the Government of Nepal responded to the earthquake? Was it...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Very poorly 2 Fairly poorly 3 Fairly Well 4 Excellently 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Now I would like to ask some questions about you and members of your household. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ FOODSEC. At any point during the last month, did you or any other household member go a whole day and night without eating anything because there was not enough food? 1 Yes 0 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CLNDRNK. How often in the past month have you had to do without clean drinking water? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Never 2 Once or twice 3 Several times 4 All or most of the time 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MEDCARE. How often in the past month have you had to do without necessary medical care [READ OPTIONS]? 1 Never 2 Once or twice 3 Several times 4 All or most of the time 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 155 CASTE. What is your caste/ethnicity? (ENUMERATOR: DO NOT READ RESPONSES) 1 Hill Brahmin/Chettri 2 Hill/Mountain Janajati 3 Newari 4 Hill Dalit 5 Terai/Madhesi Brahmin/ Rajput 6 Terai /Medhesi Adivasi janajati 7 Terai/Madhesi Dalit 8 Muslim 9 Other 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ IMPRTCAST. How important is your caste/ethnicity to you? Would you say that it is...? [READ OPTIONS] 1 It is absolutely important; it is the essence of who you are 2 It is very important; but other things are important too 3 It is one of several important parts of my identity 4 It is only of minor importance 5 It is a label but otherwise of no importance to you at all 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CHSECASTE. Which of the following best describes how you feel about being both a Nepali and a member of your ethnic group or caste: [READ OPTIONS] 1 You feel more strongly Nepali than a member of your group or caste 2 You feel equally Nepali and a member of your group or caste 3 You feel more strongly as a member of your ethnic group than Nepali 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MAR. What is your marital status? 1 Married 2 Divorced/Separated 3 Widowed 4 Never Married 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RELAT. What is your relationship to the head of household (Main decision-maker)? 1 Head of household 2 Spouse 3 Son/daughter 4 Son-in-law/daughter-in-law 5 Father/Mother 6 Uncle/aunt 7 Brother/sister 8 Not related 77 Other 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 156 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RELIGION. What is your religious background? [READ OPTIONS] 1 Hindu 2 Buddhist 3 Muslim 4 Christian 5 Sikh 77Other 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ FAMSIZE. How large is your immediate family? (By immediate family we mean those who share meals coming from the same kitchen) Household Size: _________________ [PROG: OPEN-ENDED FIELD] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BORNWRE1. In what country were you born? 1 Nepal 2 India [PROG: SKIP TO IMMLIVE] 3 Bangladesh [PROG: SKIP TO IMMLIVE] 4 Pakistan [PROG: SKIP TO IMMLIVE] 5 USA [PROG: SKIP TO IMMLIVE] 6 Japan [PROG: SKIP TO IMMLIVE] 7 China [PROG: SKIP TO IMMLIVE] 8 Other country, specify (BORNWRE_SPEC) [PROG: SKIP TO IMMLIVE] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BORNDIS. Were you born in the district in which you currently live? 1 Yes [PROG: SKIP TO CITCER] 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BORNWRE2. Please tell me the name of the district in Nepal in which you were born [DISTRICT CODE or NA] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ BORNWRE3. Please tell me the name of the VDC in {0} in which you were born [PROG: VALID RESPONSES TO THESE QUESTIONS SHOULD TRIGGER SKIP TO MLIVE] [VDC/Municipality or NA] [PROG: SKIP TO MLIVE] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ IMMLIVE. How long have you lived in Nepal? _____ ____ [PROG: YEARS [1-65] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MLIVE. What was the primary reason for migrating here? 1 Family reasons (e.g., marriage) 2 For education / training 3 Looking for work 157 4 The conflict 5 Natural disaster 6 For an easier lifestyle 77 Other 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO IMMLIVE] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CITCER. Do you have a Nepali Citizenship Certificate? 1 Yes [PROG: SKIP TO LANGHOME] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO CITCERGET] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CITCERGET. Have you ever tried to get one? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ LANGHOME. What language do you primarily speak at home? [ENUMERATOR: DO NOT READ RESPONSES. CODE FROM RESPONSE OPTIONS.] 1 Khas Nepali 2 Maithili 3 Bhojpuri 4 Tharu 5 Tamang 6 Abadhi 7 Kirati 8 Hindi 9 Nepal Bhasa (Newari) 1000 Other Specify _________LANGHOME_SPEC 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 158 OTHRLANG. What other languages can you speak? [ENUMERATOR: CHECK ALL THAT APPLY] [ENUMERATOR: DO NOT READ RESPONSES. CODE FROM RESPONSE OPTIONS.] (NOTE: coded in dataset as CSOROLE# -- 0= Did not mention 1 = mentioned, where # is the value of the response option) 1 Khas Nepali 2 Maithili 3 Bhojpuri 4 Tharu 5 Tamang 6 Abadhi 7 Kirati 8 Nepal Bhasa (Newari) 9 Hindi 10 English 12 Doteli 13 Magar 11 None [PROG: NONE SHOULD BE EXCLUSIVE AND NOT ABLE TO BE SELECTED WITH OTHER RESPONSES] 77 Other 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ABREAD. How would you assess your ability to read in your primary language? Would you say you can read very well, you can read with some difficulty but enough to get by; you read only with great difficulty, or can you cannot read at all? 1 Very well 2 Some difficulty but get by 3 Only with great difficulty 4 Not at all 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ EDULEVL. What is the highest level of education you have attained? [READ OPTIONS] 1 No formal education 2 Primary education (either complete or incomplete) 4 Complete secondary education 5 Secondary technical education 6 Complete higher education 7. Graduate Degree 8 Post graduate degree 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ WRKPAY. Do you currently work for pay or are you self-employed? 1 Yes, I work for pay [PROG: SKIP TO FULLPRT] 2 No, I don’t work for pay [PROG: SKIP TO NOTWRKWHY] 3 I am Self-Employed [PROG: SKIP TO SELFEMPLY2] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 159 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ NOTWRKWHY. Why are you not currently working for pay? 1 Student 2 Homemaker 3 Retired 4 Unemployed 1000 Other 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: ALL RESPONSES SKIP TO MAINEARN] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SELFEMPLY2. Which of the following best describes your self-employment [READ OPTIONS] 1 You have a business with more than five paid employees 2 You have a business with one to five paid employees 3 You run your business/farming on your own or with the help of family and friends 4 You do not have permanent work but do odd jobs when you can find them 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PERMBLD. Do you operate your business from a permanent building or stall? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) PROG: ALL RESPONSES SKIP TO MAINERN _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ FULLPRT. Do you work full-time or part-time? 1 Full-Time Work for Pay 2 Part-Time Work (30 hours or less) for Pay 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MAINERN. Are you the main earner of a cash income in this household? 1 Yes [PROG: SKIP TO MAINOCC] 2 No PROG: SKIP TO MAINOCC_OTHER1] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO MAINOCC] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: SKIP TO MAINOCC] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MAINOCC. What is your main occupation? [ENUMERATOR: DO NOT READ RESPONSES] 1 Professional/Technical/Managerial 2 Clerical 3 Sales and Services 4 Skilled Manual 5 Unskilled Manual 6 Agriculture 7 Other not classified, Specify (MAINOCC_SPEC) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 160 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ OCCFOREMP. Are you involved in any kind of foreign employment? 1 Yes [PROG: SKIP TO INCOME] 2 No [PROG: SKIP TO INCOME] 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MAINOCC_OTHER1What is the main occupation of the primary earner in your household? [ENUMERATOR: DO NOT READ RESPONSES. CODE FROM RESPONSE OPTIONS] 1 Professional/Technical/Managerial 2 Clerical 3 Sales and Services 4 Skilled Manual 5 Unskilled Manual 6 Agriculture 7 Other not classified, Specify (MAINOCC_OTHER1_SPEC) 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ OTHERFOREMP.Is the primary earner of the family involved in any kind of foreign employment? 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ INCOME. Monthly, how much money does your family earn on average in cash/goods (e.g., value of your crops) including pension but excluding remittance? [READ OPTIONS] 0 No income 1 Less than Rs. 20,000 2 Between Rs. 20,000– Rs. 40,000 3 Between Rs. 40,000 – Rs. 60,000 4 Between Rs. 60,000 – Rs. 80,000 5 Between Rs. 80,000 – Rs. 100,000 6 Between Rs. 100,000 – Rs. 120,000 7 Above Rs. 120,000 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ INCOME2. How much money does your family earn through remittance per month? [READ OPTIONS] 0 No income 1 Less than Rs. 20,000 2 Between Rs. 20,000– Rs. 40,000 3 Between Rs. 40,000 – Rs. 60,000 4 Between Rs. 60,000 – Rs. 80,000 5 Between Rs. 80,000 – Rs. 100,000 6 Between Rs. 100,000 – Rs. 120,000 7 Above Rs. 120,000 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) 161 ASSETS. For each of the following, please tell me whether or not you have one or more in your household. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ASSETS1. Radio 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ASSETS2. Television 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ASSETS3. Bicycle 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ASSETS4. Car 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ASSETS5. Motorbike 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ASSETS6. Generator 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ASSETS7. Refrigerator 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ASSETS8. Computer 1 Yes 162 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ASSETS9. Mobile phone 1 Yes 2 No 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ About USAID Before concluding, I would just like to ask you: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ USAIDA. First, what do you know about USAID? [ENUMERATOR: CHECK ALL THAT APPLY] (NOTE: coded in dataset as CSOROLE# -- 0= Did not mention 1 = mentioned, where # is the value of the response option) 1 Nothing – never heard of it [PROG: CAN ONLY BE SELECTED EXCLUSIVELY AND SKIP TO THE END] 2 It is an American organization 3 It does (health, agriculture, environment, education, democracy/governance) activities 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) [PROG: CAN ONLY BE SELECTED EXCLUSIVELY AND SKIP TO THE END] 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) [PROG: CAN ONLY BE SELECTED EXCLUSIVELY AND SKIP TO THE END] _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ USAIDB. How did you know about USAID? [PROG: ONLY ASK QUESTION IF AT LEAST ONE OF THE ABOVE ARE CHECKED. CHECK ALL THAT APPLY] 1 By participating in USAID-funded event(s) 2 On radio 3 On television 4 On website/social media (Facebook, Twitter) 5 From a friend/neighbor 6 Posters/Signs/Billboards 88 Doesn’t know (DON’T READ) 98 Doesn’t answer (DON’T READ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Open Interviewer Comments