January 2016 This publication was produced at the request of the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared independently by Pacific Rim Innovation and Management Exponents, Inc. EVALUATION Mid-Term Performance Evaluation USAID/Philippines’ Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystems Resilience Project MID-TERM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF USAID/PHILIPPINES’ BIODIVERSITY AND WATERSHEDS IMPROVED FOR STRONGER ECONOMY AND ECOSYSTEMS RESILIENCE PROJECT Final Report Prepared under Task Order: SOL-492-15-000006 Submitted to: USAID/Philippines January 28, 2016 Prepared by: Dr. Lope A. Calanog, Team Leader/Biodiversity Conservation and Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) Specialist Dr. Diomedes A. Racelis, Watershed Management and CCM/REDD+ Specialist Dr. Edwin A. Combalicer, GIS and Remote Sensing Specialist Dr. Imelda G. Pagtolun-an, Statistician Contractor: Pacific Rim Innovation and Management Exponents, Inc. (PRIMEX) 502, Manila Luxury Condominium 30 Pearl Drive, Ortigas Center, Pasig City, Philippines Tel: (632) 633-9052, 633-3717, 634-7338, 635-2924 Fax: (632) 634-7340 Email: primexinc@primexinc.org Website: www.primexinc.org DISCLAIMER The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Cover Photo: B+WISER staff coach community forest monitoring team in Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve in using CyberTracker app installed in tablets to monitor threats to natural forest and indicator species of good forest health. Photo Credit: B+WISER Project i CONTENTS Tables......................................................................................................................................................................................ii Figures....................................................................................................................................................................................iii Acronyms..............................................................................................................................................................................iv Executive Summary.............................................................................................................................................................vi INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................................................1 Project Background ..............................................................................................................................................1 Alignment of Project Objectives and Activities with US-GPH Priorities................................................3 EVALUATION PURPOSE AND QUESTIONS...............................................................................................4 Evaluation Purpose................................................................................................................................................4 Evaluation Questions............................................................................................................................................5 EVALUATION METHODS AND LIMITATIONS..........................................................................................6 Evaluation Methods...............................................................................................................................................6 Limitations...............................................................................................................................................................8 FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................9 Findings....................................................................................................................................................................9 Conclusions......................................................................................................................................................... 22 Recommendations.............................................................................................................................................. 22 Annex I: Statement of Work............................................................................................................................. 26 Annex II: Results Chain Showing the Theory of Change for B+WISER Project ................................... 34 Annex III: FGD and KII Guide Questions......................................................................................................... 35 Annex IV: List of Secondary Materials from Field........................................................................................... 43 Annex V: FGD and KII Documentation Reports........................................................................................... 49 Annex VI: Results of Independent Calculations of Forest Cover, Carbon Benefit and Aboveground Biomass Computations..........................................................................................593 Annex VII-A: Summary Results of Evaluability Assessment of 13 Evaluation Questions..........................608 Annex VII-B: Results of the Evaluability Assessment of 13 Evaluation Questions in the TOC ..............610 Annex VII-C: Summary of Key Observations on the Evaluability of 13 Evaluation Questions................649 Annex VIII: Disaggregating Deforestation and Forest Degradation............................................................654 Annex IX: B+WISER Project’s Key Indicators, Targets, and Accomplishments (as of December 2015) Validated during the MPE ....................................................................................................656 ii TABLES Number Title Page 1 Key Project Interventions ..................................................................................................... 2 2 Evaluability of the 13 Evaluation Questions ....................................................................10 3 Number and Composition of Bantay Gubat Groups Represented in FGDs ............13 4 Examples of Forest Restoration Initiatives of Project Partners ................................. 14 iii FIGURES Number Title Page 1 B+WISER Project Sites .......................................................................................................... 1 2 Theory of Change (TOC) for B+WISER Project ............................................................ 4 3 Results Achieved and Remaining, by Performance Indicator (in percentage) .........12 iv ACRONYMS AA-EWCC Assistance Agreement for Environment, Water, and Climate Change ACB ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity AFOLU Agriculture, Forestry, and other Land Uses ANR assisted natural regeneration B+WISER Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystems Resilience BLET Barangay Law Enforcement Team BMB Biodiversity Management Bureau CBO community-based organization CC climate change CCT Conditional Cash Transfer CDCS Country Development Cooperation Strategy CDI Cities Development Initiative C Chemonics CO2 carbon dioxide COA Commission on Audit COR Contracting Officer’s Representative CSO civil society organization DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DRR disaster risk reduction DSWD Department of Social Welfare and Development E3/FB Economic Growth, Education, and Environment, Forestry and Biodiversity EC-LEDS Enhancing Capacity for Low Emissions Development Strategies EDC Energy Development Corporation EEPSEA Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia ELE environmental law enforcement EQ evaluation question ERDB Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau FAFA FLORA Agro Forest Association FGD focus group discussion FMB Forest Management Bureau FMU forest management unit FPE Foundation for the Philippine Environment GHG greenhouse gas GHGI greenhouse gas inventory GPH Government of the Philippines GSA governance self-assessment ha hectare HCVA high conservation value area IEM integrated ecosystem management IPAF Integrated Protected Area Fund IP indigenous peoples IR intermediate result KBA key biodiversity area KII key informant interview KWFR Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve LAWIN LAWIN forest and biodiversity protection system LCA local conservation area LGU local government unit LOE level of effort LOP life-of-project M&E monitoring and evaluation v MANP Mt. Apo Natural Park MBFD mangrove and beach forest development METT management effectiveness tracking tool MI Measuring Impact (Project) MKRNP Mount Kitanglad Range Natural Park MPE mid-term performance evaluation NAMRIA National Mapping and Resource Information Agency NBSAP National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan NCCAP National Climate Change Action Plan NCIP National Commission on Indigenous Peoples NEDA National Economic and Development Authority NGP National Greening Program NIPAS National Integrated Protected Area System NRM natural resources management NSMNP Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park OEECC Office of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change PA protected area PAMB Protected Area Management Board PAMP Protected Area Management Plan PAO Public Attorney’s Office PASu Protected Area Superintendent PAWS Protected Area and Wildlife System PBSAP Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan PBSP Philippine Business for Social Progress PDP Philippine Development Plan PEF Philippine Eagle Foundation PES payment for ecosystem services PFG Partnership for Growth PMO Project Management Office PNRPS Philippine National REDD-Plus Strategy PO people’s organization PRIMEX Pacific Rim Innovation and Management Exponents, Inc. PTFCF Philippine Tropical Forest Conservation Foundation RA Republic Act R&D research and development REDD+ reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation RF results framework SDC secondary data collection SMART spatial monitoring and reporting tool SMMFPC Sitio Maguli Marginal Farmers Producers Cooperative SOW statement of work SUFA Sibulan Upland Farmers’ Association t ton TA technical assistance TKCI Tulungan sa Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc. TNA training needs assessment TOC Theory of Change UPRBPL Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape USAID United States Agency for International Development USAID/P USAID Philippines USG United States Government USGS US Geological Survey WMC Watershed Management Council vi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROJECT BACKGROUND The Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystems Resilience Project (B+WISER Project) was designed to support the goal of USAID/Philippines’ Country Development Cooperation Strategy (CDCS) for the Philippines as “a more stable, prosperous and well-governed nation” by achieving Development Objective 3 (Environmental Resilience Improved) through improving the management of natural resources and reducing risks from disasters. It also supports the 2011 Bilateral Agreement between the Government of the Philippines (GPH) and the United States Government (USG) for “Enhancing Capacity for Low Emission Development Strategies” and GPH’s key environmental policies and plans, such as Chapter 10 (Conservation, Protection and Rehabilitation of the Environment and Natural Resources) of the Philippine Development Plan, 2011-2016. The expected key results of the B+WISER Project are: (i) improved management and governance of 780,000 hectares (ha) of key biodiversity areas (KBAs) and their associated watersheds; (ii) 78,000 ha of terrestrial and mangrove forests placed under restoration initiatives; (iii) 5.34 million metric tons (t) of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in CO2 equivalent reduced or sequestered; and (iv) US$5 million leveraged from public, private, and other sectors during the life-of-the project (LOP). Designed as a five-year activity, the project started in December 2012 and is on its third year of operation at the time of the mid-term performance evaluation (MPE). Chemonics was awarded the contract to implement the project, in partnership with the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), local government units (LGUs), and Protected Area Management Boards (PAMBs) or Watershed Management Councils (WMCs) in the project sites. EVALUATION PURPOSE AND QUESTIONS The MPE aimed to: (i) assess the evaluability of the 13 evaluation questions, as listed below, with respect to the practicality and empirical feasibility of analysis during the project life; (ii) assess the progress of implementation in terms of achieving the project’s key results, and analyze the factors and conditions that enhance or diminish the achievement of such results based on the stated theory of change (TOC) for the B+WISER Project; and (iii) analyze the main challenges of implementing the relevant interventions and the extent to which the project is able to address such challenges. The results chain depicting the TOC for the B+WISER Project has 12 interventions, namely: environmental law enforcement (ELE), forest restoration, enhancement and harmonization of protected area and wildlife system (PAWS) management, public and private sector participation, communication campaigns, capacity development, policy and governance, payment for ecosystem services (PES), support to national reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) and greenhouse gas inventory (GHGI) programs, gender and social inclusion, research and development, and monitoring and evaluation (M&E). These interventions served as the basis for the identification of the following 13 evaluation questions (EQs) assessed during this MPE: 1. To what extent and under what conditions did improved biophysical conditions of natural forests contribute to a reduction in carbon emissions? 2. To what extent and under what conditions did a reduction in the overall specific pressure in the project area lead to improved biophysical conditions of natural forests or critically endangered species? 3. To what extent and under what conditions did law enforcement patrolling efforts lead to a reduction in pressures? vii 4. To what extent and under what conditions did the adoption of alternative livelihoods lead to a reduction in pressures in the high conservation value areas (HCVAs) within protected areas (PAs)? 5. To what extent and under what conditions did an increase in the appreciation of natural resources management (NRM) initiatives lead to an increase in the amount of leveraged funds and investments from private companies, public sector, and civil society organizations (CSOs) for forest/biodiversity conservation? 6. To what extent and under what conditions did the formulation of a forest management unit (FMU) plan lead to some degree of funding for forest protection and maintenance? 7. To what extent and under what conditions did an increase in community’s adoption of desired behavior lead to a reduction in pressures in the project area? 8. To what extent and under what conditions did the institutional arrangements for PES and safeguards being put in place lead to the compensation of economic services sellers for carrying out their role in forest/biodiversity conservation? 9. To what extent and under what conditions did institutional arrangements for PES being put in place lead to PAs getting more resources for PA management (as part of the Integrated PA Fund [IPAF])? 10. To what extent and under what conditions did improved management effectiveness tracking tool (METT) and governance self-assessment (GSA) scores lead to evidence that the implemented METT and GSA action plans addressed priority pressures? 11. To what extent and under what conditions did funding of resource management plans by Protected Area Superintendent (PASu) offices and LGUs lead to implementation of activities by PASu offices and LGUs aimed at addressing priority pressures? 12. To what extent and under what conditions did the formulation of policy (in response to policy gaps) by LGUs and PAMBs at the local level and DENR and other national agencies lead to rules that support forest conservation at B+WISER project sites? 13. To what extent and under what conditions did the improvement of governance by LGUs and PAMBs lead to activities funded by LGUs, PAMBs, DENR and other partners that support forest conservation at B+WISER Project sites? EQs 5–13 were also used to assess the performance progress and implementation challenges of the project. In September 2015, USAID/P commissioned Pacific Rim Innovation and Management Exponents, Inc. (PRIMEX),1 a Philippine consulting firm, to undertake the MPE of the B+WISER Project. EVALUATION METHODS AND LIMITATIONS Guided by the TOC for B+WISER Project as the driver of performance assessment, the MPE employed the following data gathering and analysis methods: (i) desk review of secondary data, reports, and relevant publications; (ii) conduct of key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) and on￾site records checking and verification; and (iii) independent calculations of forest cover, carbon benefit, and aboveground biomass using Land Satellite Data from the US Geological Survey (USGS) Earth 1 The PRIMEX MPE Team was composed of the following: Team Leader/Biodiversity Conservation and Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) Specialist (Dr. Lope A. Calanog); Watershed Management/CCM/REDD+ Specialist (Dr. Diomedes A. Racelis); GIS and Remote Sensing Specialist (Dr. Edwin A. Combalicer); and Statistician (Dr. Imelda G. Pagtolun-an). PRIMEX President and CEO/Project Director (Ms. Elvira C. Ablaza), PRIMEX Vice President/Project Manager (Mr. Leo R. Pura), PRIMEX Project Operations Manager (Nestor P. Escara) and PRIMEX Project Assistants (Jo Ann V. Ativo and Andy L. Bustamante) provided overall guidance and administrative support. PRIMEX in-house consultant (Mr. Luis P. Eleazar) assisted in the preparation of the draft final and final reports. The USAID/P is represented in this B+WISER Mid-Term Perfromance Evaluation by Ms. Nancy Villanueva-Ebuenga as Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR). viii Explorer. The KIIs and FGDs were conducted at the national level and in four of the seven project sites, selected based on criteria specified in the Statement of Work (SOW). The following sites were included in the evaluation: (i) Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape/Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve (UPRBPL/KWFR); (ii) Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP); (iii) Mount Apo Natural Park (MANP); and (iv) Mount Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP). Twenty-one FGDs were conducted in four project sites, involving 243 participants representing stakeholder groups like women, Bantay Gubat (forest patrol) groups, indigenous peoples (IPs), and community-based organizations (CBOs). KIIs were carried out at the national and project levels, covering 62 key officials and authorities familiar with, or involved in, project implementation (viz., B+WISER field managers/implementers/coordinators, PAMB members, PASu and other PA authorities, DENR and LGU officials, and representatives from the academe and research sectors). The methods were supplemented by ocular inspection and photo documentation of relevant project activities. The unavailability of some KII respondents and the reluctance of some officials to share secondary data without the prior approval of their headquarters served as key limitations in data gathering. FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS Findings. Overall, the B+WISER Project is on track, generating quality information to assess the evaluability of the 13 evaluation questions and exceeding LOP targets for four of its 12 performance indicators after three years of implementation. The project also established appropriate indicators of results, units of indicators, and records of implementation to measure the indicators based on a desk review of secondary data. Evaluability of the 13 Evaluation Questions. In assessing these evaluation questions, the key question that was ultimately answered was, “Given the work that is being accomplished now and the data being collected by Chemonics, can this Evaluation Question (EQ) be answered or substantiated at the end of B+WISER Project implementation?” The answer to each EQ should be either “Yes, No, or Maybe”. As shown in the table below, EQs 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, and 13 are already “evaluable” or can be measured with the existing indicators, units of indicators, methods of data collection and analysis, and data collected and available at the project office. However, due to the limited data available for establishing the relationships between the variables embodied in EQ 2, 7, and 11, the answer to the key question is “Maybe” at the time of evaluation, but the B+WISER Project is currently carrying out activities that will make these three EQs “evaluable” at the end of its implementation. Evaluation Questions Evaluability Remarks 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12 and 13 (10) Yes At the MPE stage, 10 EQs are already “evaluable” or can be answered. 2, 7 and 11 (3) Maybe B+WISER is currently implementing activities that will make these three EQs “evaluable” at the end of project implementation. None No No EQ is considered “unevaluable” at the end of the B+WISER Project. EQ 2 has three indicators, of which two will be measured using remote sensing and forest inventory methods at the start and end of implementation, while the other one depends on the application of the LAWIN forest and biodiversity protection system (LAWIN) to produce data on “pressures observed” in HCVAs in the project sites. This activity started only in May 2015, thus generating limited data for establishing trends. The B+WISER Project is currently implementing activities to reduce pressure on ix HCVAs. These include the strengthening of patrol efforts, issuance of guidelines, and publication of technical bulletins from DENR to adopt LAWIN. EQ 7 has two indicators, and the data to be generated for these indicators are generally adequate. However, the extent of data collection is dependent on the patrol effort done by the project, both in terms of tracking the resource violators and the type of pressures inflicted on the environment. At the time of evaluation, there were limited data available, making it difficult to establish a trend relative to the relationship between these variables. The project is intensifying patrol effort through the ELE intervention in addition to its integration with other interventions like forest restoration and partnership building. For EQ 11, the B+WISER Project is also currently implementing activities to measure two indicators, i.e., number of enhanced resource management plans funded and number of activities implemented, which are aimed at addressing priority threats. Such activities aim to forge linkages with funding institutions and partnerships with other organizations to raise more leveraged funds that could be used to finance such plans and subsequently pursue biodiversity conservation and forest/watershed protection activities. The timely completion of the current activities and the work plans for the remaining period (2016-2017) of the project will increase the likelihood that EQs 2, 7, and 11 will be “evaluable” at the end of project implementation. Progress and Challenges of Implementation. Despite delays encountered in the implementation of some specific activities, the project exceeded four of its 12 performance targets as of December 2015:  Number of laws, policies, strategies, plans, agreements, or regulations addressing biodiversity conservation officially proposed, adopted, or implemented: 89 or 150.5% of the target of 59;  Number of person-hours of training in natural resource management (NRM), biodiversity conservation, and climate change: 94,453 or 105.2% of the target of 90,000;  Number of days of technical assistance in NRM, biodiversity conservation, and climate change: 2,229 or 111.5% of the target of 2,000; and  Amount of investments leveraged from public and private sources for biodiversity conservation: US$23,390,593 or 467.8% of the target of US$5.0 million. In the other six performance targets, the project’s achievements ranged from 35.0% (i.e., number of institutions with improved capacity to address climate change issues as a result of USG assistance) to 70.0% (i.e., number of biodiversity conservation-related research publications and technical papers produced). These modest achievements reflected the key preparatory activities (baseline studies and assessments, capacity building activities, and preparation of various plans) undertaken by the project to establish the enabling conditions. Accomplishments in three other performance targets (viz., number of ha showing improved biophysical conditions, number of PAMBs with improved METT scores, and number of LGUs with improved GSA scores) have not been assessed either because the performance report is expected at the end of project implementation or because data have not been collected yet to inform how far or how near the project is in achieving the LOP targets. The key factors and conditions that enhance () or diminish (X) the achievement of results based on the TOC for the B+WISER Project include the following:  Onsite presence of project field staff and their direct coordination with DENR field offices, LGUs, and other local stakeholders, which built a good image and a positive public x perception of the project, thereby facilitating the conduct of site-specific project activities and mobilization of stakeholders’ commitment and support;  Partnership building, which proved to be an effective intervention to leverage more funds, expertise, and networks for direct biodiversity conservation and forest/watershed protection;  Capacity-building activities, particularly designed for LGUs and other local stakeholders, coupled with technical assistance for strengthening environmental policy and governance, enhancing and harmonizing local plans, and implementing restoration initiatives; X Lack of logistical requirements, personal security, and legal protection of Bantay Gubat group members involved in ELE and monitoring activities; X Limited budget allocated for ELE activities and delayed payment of remuneration for those involved in the maintenance of the National Greening Program (NGP) sites assisted by the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), which contributed to the limited participation of people in the project sites; X Insufficient understanding of the proper use of tablets to apply LAWIN by members of Bantay Gubat groups; X Forest clearing as part of economic activities by some IPs, which has contributed to forest destruction; and X Limited participation of field implementors in research, which has limited the integration of science-based strategies and methodologies in development activities. Conclusions. The project is generally on track given the current accomplishments and activities, as well as its plans for the remaining two years of implementation. Four performance targets were also exceeded at mid-term. With respect to the three evaluation objectives, the project:  Generated appropriate information from completed activities allowing the assessment of the evaluability of 10 of the 13 evaluation questions, and developed measures, tools, and processes that are currently being carried out to be able to answer all questions by the end of implementation;  Accumulated carbon benefits of 2,768,958 t (or 51.75% of the LOP target) from conservation efforts, as of the end of December 2015, which the project reported and the MPE team confirmed, in four project sites covered by this evaluation, based on an independent calculation of about 1,880,160 t CO2 equivalent for the same period;  Achieved 35,663 ha (or 45.72% of the LOP target) under forest restoration initiatives, as reported by the project and confirmed by the MPE Team, in three project sites (NSMNP, UPRBPL/KWFR, and MKRNP) based on available Landsat imagery, estimated at about 15,280 ha, as of the end of December 2015, signifying a transition from non-forest to forest categories;  Succeeded in building linkages and partnerships with concerned national and local public, private, and civil society groups, generating greater multi-stakeholder support and mobilizing more funds for ELE and forest restoration initiatives;  Leveraged more than US$23.39 million from public, private, and CSO partners at the time of the MPE, increasing the opportunity for supporting the implementation of resource management plans by PAMBs and LGUs;  Mobilized, organized, and trained Bantay Gubat groups from local communities, resulting in the launching of ELE activities, use of LAWIN, and reduced pressures on HCVAs;  Strengthened the enabling conditions and capacities of PAMBs and LGUs, laying down the foundation for the integration of biodiversity and climate change considerations in local land use plans; xi  Directly involved local people and POs in project sites in timber inventory, ELE, LAWIN implementation, mangrove and beach forest development, and forest restoration and NGP maintenance activities (viz., ring weeding and seedling production), enabling them to gain economic benefits in the form of allowances, wages, and grants; and  Ensured equal participation of women and IPs in project planning and implementation in such activities as ELE, forest restoration, tree planting, and in setting up and managing alternative livelihoods. Recommendations: For the B+WISER Project:  Continue its plan to collect information to ensure the availability and quality of data to substantiate the evaluability of EQs 2, 7, and 11.  For EQ 2, disaggregate the measurement of forest cover loss into: (i) area of forest degradation (e.g., forest cover conversion from closed canopy to open canopy) and (ii) area deforested (e.g., forest cover conversion from closed/open canopy to kaingin/grassland) because they present distinct pressures warranting different interventions and cost implications, and tracking these will also aid in supporting DENR’s plan towards fully implementing the REDD+ strategy. The project could still pick up the generic forest loss (combination of the two threats), but tracking separately is recommended because it will have benefits that go beyond applying the AFOLU formula. The B+WISER Project has adopted a refined approach to estimating carbon benefits of forest protection activities using the AFOLU formula, which is a mandatory tool for similar USAID projects.  Include new indicators, such as number of resource users who have engaged in biodiversity conservation and forest protection activities and amount of funding allocated to project plans/activities to further substantiate the evaluability of EQs 7 and 11, respectively.  Intensify ELE/patrol effort to catch up with data requirements for assessing the evaluability of the EQs and meeting the targets for improved NRM;  In addition to strengthening ELE/patrol effort towards improving NRM, the following activities are recommended: (i) implement more livelihood projects to reduce threats to forest resources; (ii) engage in more public-private partnership (PPP) arrangements for forest restoration activities; and (iii) further enhance the capacities of PAMBs and LGUs in environmental management.  Revisit B+WISER’s definition of “socio-economic benefits” for possible expansion to focus on a more sustainable approach to NRM, which will result in reduced pressures on the environment by providing alternative forms of livelihood or income generating activities.  Use U.S. Geological Survey data or other free remote sensing data sets to measure achievements in forest cover, carbon reduction/sequestration, and biomass targets to complement the data from the National Mapping and Resource Information Authority (NAMRIA). xii For USAID:  Revisit the definition of “improved NRM”, including the criteria and measurement scheme being used, to include more than the conduct of science-based assessments, enhancement of resource management plans based on such assessments, capacitation of PAMBs, and implementation of key conservation activities with equally assigned percentages. Taking actual measurements of observed forest cover changes on the ground could provide more accurate information, instead of mainly relying on indicators as basis for determining the area placed under “improved NRM.” The scoring system used, particularly the assignment of percentages of achievement, also needs to be revisited to reflect the relative significance of the four types of resource management spatial units of analysis (i.e., the whole PA, LGU politico-administrative boundary, watershed, and ancestral domains) to avoid measurement biases.  Revisit the definition of “improved biophysical condition” to study other ways to obtain better measurements of this indicator compared to the three conditions established by the project. The following indicators could be considered by the project: soil condition, water quality and availability, air quality, wildlife population, and other social factors that may contribute to a better description of “improved biophysical condition.” Finally, USAID could consider adopting a policy to distinguish deforestation and forest degradation in future forest development and conservation projects to support the effective implementation of REDD+ in the country in accordance with the principles of the Conference of the Parties (COP) 21.  Consider adopting alternative calculations of forest cover, carbon benefit, and aboveground biomass employed during the MPE to confirm the project’s reported accomplishments and provide independent and reliable data to inform USAID’s program designs in the future. 1 INTRODUCTION PROJECT BACKGROUND The Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystems Resilience (B+WISER) Project is a five-year initiative of USAID/P in partnership with the Government of the Philippines (GPH), through the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), to assist GPH in implementing environmental policies and programs that address the causes of destabilization of watershed ecosystems and destruction of natural habitats, often resulting in biodiversity loss and poor watershed condition. Its primary goal is to contribute to improving natural and environmental resource management and reducing risks from disasters in the country. To achieve this goal, the project aims to: (i) conserve biodiversity in forest areas; (ii) reduce forest degradation in targeted priority watersheds; (iii) build capacity to conserve biodiversity, manage forests, and support low emissions development; and (iv) contribute to disaster risk reduction at the subnational level. At the end of its implementation, the B+WISER Project intends to achieve the following key results:  Improved management and governance of 780,000 hectares (ha) of key biodiversity areas (KBAs) and associated watersheds;  78,000 ha of terrestrial and mangrove forests placed under restoration initiatives;  US$5 million leveraged from public, private, and other sectors;  Greenhouse gases (GHGs) reduced by 3.4 million metric tons (t) in CO2 equivalent; and  1.9 million (t) of GHGs sequestered. The project is implemented in seven priority forest/watershed reserves. These are: (i) Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) in Region 2; (ii) Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape (UMRBPL) / Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve (KWFR) in Region 4A; (iii) Naujan Lake National Park (NLNP) in Region 4B; (iv) Quinali River Watershed in Region 5; (v) Bago River Watershed Forest Reserve in Region 6; (vi) Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) in Region 10; and (vii) Mt. Apo Natural Park (MANP) in Regions 11/12, as depicted in Figure 1 above. The project also operates in mangrove forest areas in Quezon province, the Verde Island Passage in Batangas-Mindoro provinces, and Siargao Island. The key project activities undertaken in these sites include the following: Figure 1. B+WISER Project Sites 2  Conduct of ecological surveys to identify high conservation value areas (HCVAs) to validate the initial assessment of habitat values and contribute to science-driven policy reforms for the enhanced management of protected areas (PAs);  Enhancement of resource management and local development plans based on the results and findings of assessments;  Formulation of forest restoration plans and initiation of the implementation of these plans to reduce forest degradation and support the project initiatives on Reducing Emissions from Forest Degradation and Deforestation (REDD+) readiness for both terrestrial forest ecosystems and mangrove areas in line with DENR’s National Greening Program (NGP);  Stimulation of incentives and private sector investments for biodiversity conservation and sustainable forest management by assisting in the formulation and passage of key PA financing; and  Development of demonstration sites (i.e., NSMNP and UMRBPL/LWFR) for REDD+ process implementation. All these activities support the 12 key interventions defined in the project’s Theory of Change (TOC), as shown in Table 1 and described further below. Table 1. Key Project Interventions Interventions Primary Environmental law enforcement (ELE) Forest restoration Enabling Enhancement and harmonization of management plans Public and private sector participation Communication campaigns Capacity development Policy and governance Payment for ecosystem services (PES) Cross-cutting Support to national programs on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) and greenhouse gas inventory (GHGI) Gender and social inclusion Research and development (R&D) Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) The project’s Results Framework (RF) reflects these interventions and activities that contribute to the achievement of its four intermediate results (IR): (i) biodiversity in forest areas conserved; (ii) forest degradation in targeted priority watersheds reduced; (iii) capacity to conserve biodiversity, manage forests, and monitor low emissions development enhanced; and (iv) capacity for disaster management in highly vulnerable areas increased. The B+WISER Project conducts activities at two levels: national and sub-national, focused on the watershed scale. At the national level, the project works with partners in four focus areas: (i) strengthening enabling frameworks for biodiversity conservation, forest management, and GHG emissions reduction; (ii) supporting GPH to meet international commitments; (iii) implementing certain national strategies and programs; and (iv) capacity building in operations, planning, and decision-making. At the sub-national level, project activities are integrated in the plans for seven major implementation sites. Such activities include: (i) direct interventions to conserve forest cover and biodiversity; (ii) improving management of biodiversity and forest ecosystems; (iii) improving management in LGUs for integration of forest planning in more comprehensive development planning, including mitigation of GHG and reduction of vulnerability to natural disasters; and creating partnerships between GPH and other organizations to invest in forest and biodiversity conservation. 3 Available project work plans describe the focus of activities for the duration of its implementation: Year 1 (2013) focused on preparatory activities, which included (i) mobilization, (ii) assessments, and (iii) building partnerships in each of the seven key biodiversity areas (KBAs) and mangrove sites to set the stage for Years 2–5 of the project life. Years 2 and 3 (2014-2015) focused on completion of assessments (i.e., ecological, forest governance, and economic and social features of the project sites in order to set the baseline conditions), and eventually used the corresponding outputs to: (i) enhance PA and watershed management plans, procedures and guidelines, including alignment of local development plans with biodiversity conservation targets through the watershed-based integrated ecosystem management (IEM) approach; (ii) conduct training and other capacity building activities for DENR and LGU officers, members of Protected Area Management Boards (PAMBs) or Watershed Management Councils (WMCs) and other stakeholders, including women and indigenous peoples (IPs) on project-related topics; (iii) identify HCVAs within the project sites, including priority beach forests and mangroves (i.e., in Typhoon Yolanda-stricken coastal areas in Leyte province) for direct interventions; (iv) implement biodiversity-driven and site-specific forest restoration strategies for upland and lowland forests, including selected beach forests and mangroves; and (v) provide technical assistance (TA) to strengthen policy and governance, law enforcement, biodiversity monitoring system, economic incentives, gender and social inclusion, science-based research, and other interventions. Years 4 and 5 (2016-2017) plan to undertake national-level activities to set the stage for scaling up of project innovations like the LAWIN forest and biodiversity protection system (LAWIN) , forest management unit (FMU) planning and implementation, valuation and wealth accounting, payment for ecosystem services (PES), landscape approach to restoration, mangrove and beach forest development (MBFD), and applying a gender checklist. At the site level, the plans focus on completing all activities leading to the attainment of the 12 performance indicators by the end of implementation. ALIGNMENT OF PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES WITH US-GPH PRIORITIES As noted above, the project objectives and activities have been designed to support GPH’s current efforts in implementing environmental policies and programs geared towards the achievement of the societal goal of inclusive growth and multidimensional poverty reduction, as embodied in the Philippine Development Plan (PDP), 2011-2016, through improved management and governance of KBAs and associated watersheds, reduced GHG emissions, and improved resilience to climate change. The project’s key interventions have also been designed to achieve the PDP’s sector outcome, i.e., Sustainable and Climate-Resilient Environment and Natural Resources Achieved. All four project intermediate results have been linked to the PDP’s sector outcomes. Other GPH priority initiatives are also expected to benefit from the project. These include the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP), the Philippine National REDD-Plus Strategy (PNRPS), the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP), and NGP. The B+WISER Project design has been aligned with USAID’s Country Development Cooperation Strategy (CDCS) for GPH with the overall goal of fostering “a more stable, prosperous, well-governed nation.” Thus, the project’s key interventions focus on the achievement of CDCS’ two intermediate results (viz., natural resources and environmental management improved, and disaster risks reduced), which support its Development Objective 3: Environmental Resilience Improved. The project is also linked with other USG priorities: (i) Enhancing Capacity for Low Emissions Development Strategies (EC￾LEDS); (ii) Readiness for REDD+; (iii) Partnership for Growth (PFG)/Cities Development Initiative (CDI); and (iv) USAID Forward. 4 Institutional arrangements for project implementation have been guided by the existing GPH-USG Bilateral Assistance Agreement for Environment, Water and Climate Change (AA-EWCC), where the US is represented by USAID and GPH by the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA). Under this agreement, a Program Steering Committee was created and chaired by NEDA, with four sub￾committees, one of which is the Sub-committee on Forest Conservation and Management. This sub￾committee is co-chaired by DENR’s Forest Management Bureau (DENR-FMB) and USAID, with DENR’s Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB) as vice-chair. The B+WISER Project is being implemented under the umbrella of this bilateral oversight arrangement. EVALUATION PURPOSE AND QUESTIONS EVALUATION PURPOSE Following the Statement of Work (SOW) (Annex I), the mid-term performance evaluation (MPE) of the B+WISER Project addressed three key objectives: (i) Assess the evaluability of 13 evaluation questions (EQs) in terms of the practicality and empirical feasibility of analysis during the life of project (LOP); (ii) Assess the progress of implementation in terms of achieving the project’s key results and analyze the factors and conditions that enhance or diminish the achievement of such results based on the stated Theory of Change (TOC) for the project; and (iii) Analyze the main challenges of implementing the relevant interventions and the extent to which the project is able to address such challenges. Figure 2. Theory of Change (TOC) for B+WISER Project 5 The first objective required the MPE to analyze the 13 EQs derived from the stated TOC for the project (Fig. 2) to determine their evaluability in terms of (i) their practicality (i.e., based on availability of data and the remaining LOP) and (ii) the empirical feasibility of analysis (i.e., the length of time for the expected results [target outputs and outcomes] to manifest themselves). To address this objective, the MPE assessed whether the project has done enough at mid-term to demonstrate evidence of achieving the expected results within the LOP. The second objective required the MPE to (i) evaluate project progress in terms of the extent of achievement of its key results along the TOC and (ii) analyze the factors and conditions that facilitated or hindered its progress. The third objective required the MPE to identify the causes of hindrances to understanding the challenges in implementing the project interventions and the actions taken to address the challenges during project implementation. EVALUATION QUESTIONS The results chain reflecting the TOC for the project with the key interventions served to identify the following 13 EQs that were assessed during this MPE: 1. To what extent and under what conditions did improved biophysical conditions of natural forests contribute to a reduction in carbon emissions? 2. To what extent and under what conditions did a reduction in the overall specific pressure in the project area lead to improved biophysical conditions of natural forests or critically endangered species? 3. To what extent and under what conditions did law enforcement patrolling efforts lead to a reduction in pressures? 4. To what extent and under what conditions did the adoption of alternative livelihoods lead to a reduction in pressures in the high conservation value areas (HCVAs) within protected areas (PAs)? 5. To what extent and under what conditions did an increase in the appreciation of natural resources management (NRM) initiatives lead to an increase in the amount of leveraged funds and investments from private companies, public sector, and civil society organizations (CSOs) for forest/biodiversity conservation? 6. To what extent and under what conditions did the formulation of a forest management unit (FMU) plan lead to some degree of funding for forest protection and maintenance? 7. To what extent and under what conditions did an increase in community’s adoption of desired behavior lead to a reduction in pressures in the project area? 8. To what extent and under what conditions did the institutional arrangements for PES and safeguards being put in place lead to ecosystem services (ES) sellers (M/F) compensated for carrying out their role in forest/biodiversity conservation? 9. To what extent and under what conditions did institutional arrangements for PES being put in place lead to PAs getting more resources for PA management (as part of the Integrated Protected Area Fund [IPAF])? 10. To what extent and under what conditions did improved management effectiveness tracking tool (METT) and governance self-assessment (GSA) scores lead to evidence that the implemented METT and GSA action plans addressed priority pressures? 11. To what extent and under what conditions did funding of resource management plans by Protected Area Superintendent (PASu) offices and LGUs lead to implementation of activities by PASu offices and LGUs aimed at addressing priority pressures? 12. To what extent and under what conditions did the formulation of policy (in response to policy gaps) by LGUs and PAMBs at the local level and DENR and other national agencies lead to rules that support forest conservation at B+WISER project sites? 6 13. To what extent and under what conditions did the improvement of governance by LGUs and PAMBs lead to activities funded by LGUs, PAMBs, DENR and other partners that support forest conservation at B+WISER Project sites? All these questions were assessed to respond to Evaluation Objective 1. EQs 5–13 were also used to assess performance progress and implementation challenges of the B+WISER Project. USAID/P identified the following four project sites for assessment during this MPE: (i) Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park; (ii) Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape/Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve; (iii) Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park; and (iv) Mt. Apo Natural Park. In September 2015, USAID/P commissioned Pacific Rim Innovation and Management Exponents, Inc. (PRIMEX), a Philippine management consulting firm, which dispatched a team of experts2 to undertake the MPE of the B+WISER Project. These experts are referred to as the MPE Team in this report. EVALUATION METHODS AND LIMITATIONS EVALUATION METHODS Evaluation Framework. For this MPE, the overall evaluation process was anchored on the review and analysis of the results chain representing the TOC for B+WISER Project, which was developed by USAID’s Office of Environment, Energy and Climate Change (OEECC) and Chemonics, as the contracted implementing organization, with assistance from the Measuring Impact (MI) Project and USAID’s Bureau for Economic Growth, Education and Environment, Forestry and Biodiversity Office (E3/FAB). As shown in Annex II, the results chain presents the causal relationships between desired results and key interventions of the project in the pathway of change map. Each result is tied to one or more key interventions, indicating a complex network of activities required to bring about change. The assumptions that the project adopted to explain the change process, as encapsulated in the 13 EQs, served as the focus of this MPE to assess their evaluability (Evaluation Objective 1) as well as the progress (Evaluation Objective 2) and challenges (Evaluation Objective 3) of implementation. Based on the technical direction of USAID/P, the following sets of guide questions were used in conducting the secondary data review: Objective 1 1. Are the proposed indicators appropriate (valid and logical measure for the stated result)? 2. Are the proposed units for the indicators proposed appropriate? 3. Are there records in the B+WISER HQ office to objectively substantiate the reporting of the proposed indicators to USAID? 2 The PRIMEX MPE Team was composed of the following: Team Leader/Biodiversity Conservation and Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) Specialist (Dr. Lope A. Calanog); Watershed Management/CCM/REDD+ Specialist (Dr. Diomedes A. Racelis); GIS and Remote Sensing Specialist (Dr. Edwin A. Combalicer); and Statistician (Dr. Imelda G. Pagtolun-an). PRIMEX President and CEO/Project Director (Ms. Elvira C. Ablaza), PRIMEX Vice President/Project Manager (Mr. Leo R. Pura), PRIMEX Project Operations Manager (Nestor P. Escara) and PRIMEX Project Assistants (Jo Ann V. Ativo and Andy L. Bustamante) provided overall guidance and administrative support. PRIMEX in-house consultant (Mr. Luis P. Eleazar) assisted in the preparation of the draft final and final reports. The USAID/P is represented in this B+WISER Mid-Term Perfromance Evaluation by Ms. Nancy Villanueva-Ebuenga as Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR). 7 4. For each of the proposed indicators, are the data that are being collected, analyzed, and reported to USAID by B+WISER systematically organized or sufficient to inform objective decision‐making? 5. Are there other indicators that the MPE Team will recommend so that this evaluation question can be evaluated at the end of the B+WISER Project? (If yes, enumerate these indicators and the estimated level of effort [LOE] for additional data collection that will be needed.) 6. Looking at all the indicators and data collected or can be collected, enumerate the proposed methods of data analysis to address each of the 13 EQs. Objective 2 1. Any qualitative or quantitative data identified in the desk review on progress towards achieving key results; 2. Any limiting factors identified in the desk review that constrain the achievement of a particular key result; and 3. Gaps in data for assessing progress in achieving key results (e.g., those that will need to be collected through the evaluation). Objective 3 1. Information identified in the desk review regarding the challenges in implementing relevant interventions; and 2. Gaps in data for assessing challenges in implementation (e.g., those that will need to be collected through the evaluation). Data Gathering Methods. This MPE used the following data gathering methods: focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews (KIIs), and secondary data collection (SDC), as briefly discussed below. FGDs were conducted to document and assess the collective views of pre-selected stakeholders, who are both direct project participants and beneficiaries, in coordination with the B+WISER Project. These included Bantay Gubat (Forest Patrol) groups, women’s groups, IPs, and other community-based organizations (CBOs) in the project sites covered by the MPE, including the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) and an academic institution involved in providing support to direct beneficiaries. KIIs targeted key officials and authorities familiar with or involved in NRM, particularly biodiversity conservation, watershed management, disaster risk reduction (DRR) and related initiatives that may have an impact on forest resources, environment, and livelihood of local communities. Key informants were selected purposively based on two criteria: (i) key roles in such development interventions; and (ii) depth of understanding of the planning and implementation of such interventions. They included B+WISER implementers/coordinators and field managers at the national and field levels, DENR field officials, PAMB members, PASu and other PA authorities, LGU officials (Governor, Mayor, Local Councilman, Barangay Captain), and representatives from the media, academe, and research institutions. The FGD and KII guide questions used in this MPE are shown in Annex III. These methods were supplemented by ocular inspection and observation, as well as photo documentation of relevant B+WISER Project activities. SDC entailed a compilation and categorization of relevant project documents and related reports, such as work plans, progress reports, technical bulletins, briefing materials, and resource management and local development plans provided by the B+WISER Project and collected in the field during the data gathering activities. The list of secondary materials collected by the MPE Team is given in Annex IV. 8 Data Processing and Analysis Methods. FGD and KII documentation reports were turned over to data encoders for initial processing based on the designed templates (Annex V), and the processed data were provided to the Statistician and other MPE Team members for analysis. The data entry system used was Atlasti and Microsoft Excel spreadsheets, which were converted to SPSS/STATA files for qualitative analysis. After data cleaning and validation, the database was compiled in the SPSS/STATA software. The analysis of data collected through FGDs and KIIs, including secondary data and information, was done using both quantitative and qualitative techniques. Simple descriptive analysis using frequency counts and percentages was applied. Qualitative analysis used qualitative information from FGDs and KIIs to assess experiences from the perspectives of the participants and key informants, respectively. Findings from the FGDs, KIIs, and SDC were triangulated to ensure the validity and reliability of data and information collected and analyzed. The MPE Team carried out a comprehensive desk review of available secondary data and information (Annex IV) provided by USAID/P and the B+WISER Project, as well as those gathered from field offices (government agencies, academic and research institutions, and CSOs) at the national and site levels. The secondary data were verified with the B+WISER Project and at the field level by accessing their database and other data sources in the field offices. This review process helped the Team identify gaps that could be filled by data to be gathered from FGDs and KIIs. In response to technical directions from USAID/P (i.e., the Contracting Officer’s Representative [COR]) to conduct independent calculations and cross￾check the net change of forest cover, amount of carbon benefits, and estimated aboveground biomass, the Team employed a spatial analysis given the available land satellite images, before 2005 and after 2010, for the four selected project sites covered by the MPE. The B+WISER Project adopted a refined approach to estimating annual carbon benefits from protection activities using the AFOLU Carbon Calculator, which is a mandatory tool for all similar USAID projects. The results of the calculations (Annex VI) were compared with the project reports for verification purposes. The information can be used in setting the targets for indicators of biodiversity and sustainable landscape programs of USAID/P. LIMITATIONS The major problems encountered during data gathering are briefly described below. FGDs The inclement weather condition, remote locations of project sites, and unfavorable peace and order situation were the main limitations in the timely conduct and completion of FGD sessions as planned as they required the rescheduling of some sessions to a later time or to the following day. KIIs Unavailability of some key informants, despite prior advice on the interview visit, during the actual data collection period was the major limitation in the coordination of interview schedules. This resulted in rescheduling or cancellation of planned interviews. SDC The reluctance of some field officials to share secondary data without prior clearance from their central offices, with a few even suggesting to secure such data directly from their headquarters, was the main limitation in gathering relevant data/information on time. Consequently, some data were requested from the central offices of the concerned informants. 9 FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The B+WISER Project is performing well and is generally on track to achieve its performance targets, generating quality information to assess the evaluability of 10 of the 13 EQs, exceeding LOP targets for four of its 12 performance indicators, and taking deliberate actions focused on under-achieved performance targets to attain its objectives by the end of implementation. The desk review of secondary data also showed that the project has established an appropriate system of monitoring and recording (i.e., indicators for results, units of indicators, methods of analysis, and outputs of implementation), and some or a few can be further enhanced for a more accurate and meaningful measurement of the performance indicators. The findings and recommendations presented below are structured according to the three Evaluation Objectives. This section ends with general conclusions and recommendations drawn from key findings to contribute to the achievement of all the performance targets by the end of the project. FINDINGS In assessing the 13 evaluation questions, the key question ultimately answered was, “Given the work that is being accomplished now and data being collected by Chemonics, can this Evaluation Question be answered or substantiated at the end of B+WISER project implementation?” The expected answer to each EQ should be either “Yes, No, or Maybe.” A YES answer would mean that, at the time of evaluation, a particular EQ is already “evaluable” or can be answered by the end of project implementation. In other words, the current indicators, units of analysis, methods of analysis, and amount of available data are enough to make the EQ evaluable. In some cases, however, the MPE Team found the need for some minor refocusing. A NO answer would mean that the EQ is considered “unevaluable” at the end of project implementation. Finally, a MAYBE answer means that some of the current indicators, units of analysis, methods of analysis, and/or amount of data are insufficient or require refocusing to make the EQ “evaluable.” However, as the B+WISER Project is currently implementing activities to address this deficiency, the particular EQ is expected to become “evaluable” by the end of project implementation. Summary result of this evaluability assessment is shown in Annex VII-a. Of the 13 evaluation questions, the MPE Team found that:  10 are “evaluable” (i.e., in the YES answer category);  3 are in the MAYBE answer category; and  There is no EQ under the NO answer category. Details of the analysis are shown in Annex VII-b. As shown in Table 2, EQs 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, and 13 are already “evaluable” or measurable with the current indicators, units of indicators, methods of data collection and analysis, and the amount of collected data at the project office. Due to limited available data to establish the relationships between the variables embodied in EQs 2, 7, and 11, the answer to the key question is MAYBE at the time of this MPE. Annex VII-c provides details (key observations) of the remarks presented in Table 2. Objective 1: Evaluability of the 13 Evaluation Questions in terms of the Practicality and Empirical Feasibility of Analysis during the Project Life 10 Table 2. Evaluability of the 13 Evaluation Questions Evaluation Questions Evaluability Remarks Evaluation Questions: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13 (10) Yes At the MPE stage, 10 EQs are already “evaluable” or can be answered. Evaluation Questions: 2, 7, 11 (3) Maybe B+WISER is currently implementing activities that will make these three EQs “evaluable” at the end of project implementation. None No No evaluation question is considered “unevaluable” at the end of the B+WISER Project. A deeper analysis of the three EQs under the MAYBE answer category provided stronger basis for concluding that they will be “evaluable” by the end of project implementation. Specifically for Evaluation Question 2,3 the MPE found that, as far as the indicators are concerned, this EQ is “evaluable.” However, as patrol works4 incurred delays, and only limited data are available, it may be difficult for the project to establish the trend on “observed pressures.” Nonetheless, it currently implements relevant activities to catch up with planned targets, such as training on LAWIN, strengthening of ELE, and development of policy guidelines, particularly the passage of necessary guidelines and technical bulletins by DENR. To further deepen the understanding of biophysical conditions of natural forests, the MPE Team recommends including in the analysis the disaggregation of forest loss into forest degradation and deforestation (see Annex VIII for details). Disaggregation will provide the basis for estimating the respective emissions and for formulating the appropriate restoration and/or reforestation interventions by DENR in the future. With regard to EQ 7, 5 the MPE found that the two indicators and the data generated and still to be generated are basically adequate. However, the extent of data collection is dependent on the patrol efforts being applied, both in terms of tracking the resource violators and the types of pressures inflicted on the environment. At the time of the MPE, limited data were available, and just like in EQ 2, it will be difficult to establish the trend for “observed pressures” in the project sites. However, as ELE and related patrol works are being strengthened, there is a high likelihood that this EQ can be evaluated at the end of project implementation. It is recommended that an additional indicator on the number of resource users who have engaged in forest/ biodiversity protection and related conservation activities be considered. On EQ 11, 6 the project is currently implementing activities to measure the two indicators for this question: number of enhanced resource management plans funded and number of implemented activities. However, implementation of activities is dependent on many factors, such as: (i) the ability of the PASu and local LGUs to generate funds; (ii) ensuring that such funds are appropriated for priority pressure areas; and (iii) getting the policy enacted for these activities, among others. With the anticipated increase in linkages with funding institutions and partnerships with other organizations, the project can leverage more funds for resource management plans and implement conservation and protection activities through the PASu and LGUs. It is recommended that another indicator be 3 To what extent and under what conditions did a reduction in the overall specific pressure in the project area lead to improved biophysical conditions of natural forests and critically endangered species? 4 The LAWIN forest and biodiversity protection system started only in May 2015. 5 To what extent and under what conditions did an increase in target groups adopting desired behavior lead to a reduction in pressure in the project area? 6 To what extent and under what conditions did funding of resource management plans by PASu offices and LGUs lead to implementation of activities by PASu offices and LGUs aimed at addressing priority pressures? 11 included to better capture the scale of funds secured, that is, the amount of funds used to implement plans/activities to make this EQ track actual funds spent to support conservation and restoration activities in reducing identified pressures. To assess project progress, the MPE Team reviewed the achievements of key interventions using appropriate performance indicators to measure the attainment of the expected results. As noted above, the B+WISER Project has already exceeded its LOP targets for 4 of the 12 performance indicators, as of the end of December 2015, namely:  Number of laws, policies, strategies, plans, agreements, or regulations addressing biodiversity conservation officially proposed, adopted, or implemented: 89 or 150.5% of the target of 59;  Number of person-hours of training in natural resource management (NRM), biodiversity conservation, and climate change: 94,453 or 105.2% of the target of 90,000;  Number of days of technical assistance in natural resource management, biodiversity conservation, and climate change: 2,229 or 111.5% of the target of 2,000; and  Amount of investments leveraged from public and private sources for biodiversity conservation: US$23,390,593 or 467.8% of the target of US$5.0 million. For the other six performance targets, the project achievements ranged from 35% (number of institutions with improved capacity to address climate change issues as a result of USG assistance) to 70% (number of biodiversity conservation-related research publications and technical papers produced). These modest achievements reflected the key preparatory activities (baseline studies and assessments, capacity building activities, and preparation of various plans) undertaken by the project to establish the enabling conditions. Accomplishments in two other performance targets – (i) number of ha showing improved biophysical conditions and number of PAMBs with improved METT scores, and (ii) LGUs with improved GSA scores–have not been assessed either because the performance report is still expected at the end of project implementation or because data have not yet been collected to inform how far or how near the project is in meeting its LOP targets. However, the independent calculations on forest cover in three7project sites, which were made by the MPE Team, confirmed the project report that MKRNP posted a positive net change, while UMRBPL/KWFR and NSMNP recorded a negative net change. Figure 3 shows the remaining targeted results to be achieved by the project by end of implementation. 7 Calculations of forest cover were done only for three MPE sites since there was no available satellite image for MANP during the MPE period. Objective 2: Assess the progress of B+WISER Project in terms of achieving its key results, and analyze the factors/conditions that enhance and diminish the achievement of these results 12 Figure 3. Results Achieved and Remaining, by Performance Indicator (in percentage) The adoption of a watershed-based/IEM approach has enabled the project to plan and implement more focused and customized interventions in specific target areas, resulting in greater synergistic effects of these key interventions, as described below. Intervention 1: Strengthening of ELE. The project reported the completion of national and site-level activities designed to strengthen the capacity of partners to enforce environmental laws at all levels and the conduct of effective patrol effort in the project sites (i.e., HCVAs) to address key threats to forest and biodiversity. At the national level, the various capacity building and partnership initiatives included national and regional summits, baseline assessments, development of new/improved regulations, and guidelines for the participation of the public and private sectors in biodiversity conservation to support site-level activities and facilitate a concerted effort among partners in ELE and related complementary initiatives. At the site level, the initiatives focused on (i) establishing/strengthening of volunteer Bantay Gubat (Forest Patrol) groups in collaboration with DENR, NCIP, LGUs, CSOs, CBOs, tribal leaders, and the private sector; and (ii) equipping them with knowledge on environmental laws and procedures for their application of LAWIN. The B+WISER Project has been instrumental in the development/adaptation of this tool for improving biodiversity and threats monitoring in the project sites. These initiatives have resulted in initial positive gains, such as: (i) reduced incidence of forest law violations (e.g., burning and cutting of trees, fuelwood collection, slash-and-burn agriculture [kaingin], illegal hunting of animals and collection of plants, etc.); (ii) increased spotting of the Philippine eagle and other birds as well as deer; (iii) 13 improved forest cover (i.e., newly planted and naturally growing trees) and environmental condition (i.e., less occurrence of landslides); and (iv) increasing popularity of forests for nature and bird watching, as narrated by most of the Bantay Gubat groups that participated in the MPE FGDs. As shown in Table 3 below, the nine groups represented in the FGDs reported 130,202 ha of forests being protected through patrol work, involving 170 members, of whom 26% are women. Most of the groups have IP members who have resided in large parts of KBAs as their ancestral domain and, hence, have developed a deep connection with the forests and their associated resources. For instance, Ovu￾Manobo Forest Guards in MANP are all members of the Manobo tribe, while the two Kitanglad Guard Volunteers in MKRNP are composed mostly of Lumads. Their inclusion in Bantay Gubat groups helped to strengthen law enforcement efforts. Table 3. Number and Composition of Bantay Gubat Groups Represented in FGDs Project Sites Number of Bantay Gubat Groups Number of Members Approximate Forest Area (ha) being Protected Males Females Total NSMNP 3 90 16 106 117,202 UMRBPL/KWFR 3 9 5 14 8,000 MKRNP 2 6 5 11 2,000 MANP 1 20 19 39 3,000 Total 9 125 45 170 130,202 Training on LAWIN, coupled with face-to-face communication campaigns on environmental laws and regulations (i.e., DENR issuances, PAMB resolutions, and LGU ordinances), gave the Bantay Gubat groups more confidence and motivation to carry out monthly foot patrols in their target areas. Equipped with the tablet-based LAWIN, these groups reported that they could “easily monitor a big area rather than…old ways for monitoring the forest, get the actual situation even in the deepest part of the forest, and make it easier to monitor animals in the forest.” Patrol efforts are generally recorded by taking pictures using the project-supplied tablets. Violations are reported directly to authorities (i.e., DENR and LGUs) who conduct the apprehensions. Educating people on forest laws and regulations has become an integral part of patrol work. Most of the groups receive allowances of PhP200-500 per month from the LGUs, CSOs, or occasionally from the project, although their work has not been reportedly dependent on such compensation. Death threats, political pressure, and other security concerns, as well as DENR’s requirements for forest guard deputization, have been identified as key constraints to the current ELE. However, based on the results of the FGDs, the officers of bantay gubat groups have generally expressed a firm resolve to continue their patrol work in order to protect the improved conditions of the forest and its resources. Based on triangulated data from FGD, KII, and secondary sources, the MPE Team confirmed the following project achievements, which suggest that the B+WISER Project is on track to accomplish its ELE targets: (i) the independent calculations on forest cover supported the project report, showing a positive net change in MKRNP and a negative net change in NSMNP and UMRBPL/KWFR; (ii) continuous training on LAWIN being participated by DENR, LGUs, and POs; (iii) start of patrolling of 8,000 ha by the BLET in Barangay Lumutan, General Nakar, Quezon within UMRBPL/KWFR ; (iv) regular monitoring of about 1,996 ha in MKRNP by Kitanglad Guard Volunteers, resulting in fewer forest violations; and (v) coverage of more than 3,000 ha for patrol work in collaboration with the Philippine Eagle Foundation (PEF). The key indicators (i.e., the extent of patrol effort and number of pressures observed relative to this effort) for this intervention were confirmed by the MPE Team. 14 Intervention 2: Supporting Forest Restoration Initiatives. The project supported these initiatives through the provision of technical assistance in forest management unit (FMU) plan formulation, capacity building on forest restoration and management techniques, improvement of forest monitoring and protection in priority sites, linkages with funding sources for forest management, development of demonstration sites, and technical advice on the drafting of national-level restoration plan/program of DENR. The MPE Team confirmed the following activities leading to the attainment of targets in supporting forest restoration:  Assistance in actual forest and mangrove restoration activities covering some 9,000 ha;  Support to active forest restoration and maintenance of 2011 and 2012 planted NGP sites in UMRBPL/KWFR through partnership with the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), where an amount of US$208,000 was allocated for the wages of 665 beneficiaries engaged in the Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program;  Provision of technical assistance in the formulation of FMU plans for agroforestry, mangrove and riparian projects in Maconacon, Isabela in NSMNP and in the management of an existing 200-ha Barangay Forest Protection Area of a Bagobo Tagabawa tribe in MANP;  Implementation of biodiversity conservation and forest restoration initiatives in 7,500 ha within two ancestral domains in Bongolanon, Magpet and Perez, Kidapawan City; and  Adoption of a “passive” forest restoration strategy, particularly in MKRNP. FGD data also showed that some of the CBOs, such as upland farmers’ associations/ cooperatives, IP groups, and women groups, have developed and implemented their FMU plans, which include restoration and livelihood activities in three project sites covered by the MPE (Table 4). Key informants from LGUs in the project sites also cited the capacity building and technical assistance provided by the project in the formulation and/or implementation of FMU plans, establishment of FMUs, and/or mobilization of funds and sources of planting materials for restoration initiatives. It is suggested, though, that the project should provide a clear description of the functional role, scope, and location of FMU plans in the existing hierarchy of local development and management plans through the development of improved/updated planning guidelines for the effective mainstreaming of FMU planning and implementation in the LGU planning process. Table 4. Examples of Forest Restoration Initiatives of Project Partners Project Sites Project Partners / Beneficiaries Focus of FMU Plans NSMNP  Sitio Maguli Marginal Farmers and Producers Cooperative (SMMFPC)  Agroforestry (2013)  Fruit-bearing Trees (2014)  Tree planting (2015)  FLORA Agro Forest Association (FAFA)  Nursery (Rattan)  Mangrove propagation  Coconut plantation  Fruit trees UMRBPL/KWFR  Tulungan sa Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc. (TKCI)  Supplier of seedlings MKRNP  IP Women, Sil-ipon, Libono; Daraghuyan, Dalwangan  Upland farmers, Basak, Lantapan  Peoples’ organization, Basak, Lantapan  Seedling production MANP  IP Buwis Tanong  Sibulan Upland Farmers Association (SUFA) 15 The two indicators for this intervention require measurement of the area (ha) covered by FMU plans with some funding for implementation. Based on available Landsat imagery, the MPE Team confirmed about 15,280 ha in the three project sites under Forest Restoration Initiatives, which revealed a transition from non-forest to forest categories. 8 In comparison, the project reported 35,663 ha under these initiatives at seven project sites as of the end of December 2015. Interviews with project staff and partners on the ground indicated that implementation of some FMU plans has started with funding provided by LGUs, DENR, and some private groups like PTFCF. Intervention 3: Fostering Partnerships. This intervention contributed significantly to the gains so far achieved in ELE and restoration initiatives through the resources generated for achieving project objectives. Developing partnerships has served the project in many ways. These partnerships have (i) leveraged funds, skills, and networks of public, private, and civil society organizations (CSOs) to support or complement project activities. A good example is the partnership established with the LGU of Tanay, Rizal in UMRBPL in raising funds of about US$2,260 for forest restoration of denuded mountains in the municipality; (ii) encouraged investments from the private sector, under the corporate social responsibility (CSR) principle, in forest protection and biodiversity conservation schemes; (iii) motivated partners to integrate conservation and restoration approaches developed by the project in their capacity building, planning, and implementation processes; and (iv) mobilized CSOs, women, and IP groups to contribute their time and effort to be part of the common cause. The project has exceeded LOP targets for this intervention. 9 As of the end of December 2015, some US$23,390,593 of leveraged funds/investments from partners (or 467.8% of the target of US$5.0 million) was mobilized. While the project has focused on the amount, and not the number of organizations involved, information collected from FGDs and KIIs revealed that the project has forged several partnerships, which generated a substantial amount of mobilized funds that were utilized for conservation and protection activities. The total number has exceeded the LOP target of seven partner organizations. The leveraged funds included the amount of PhP1.0 billion from DENR’s Mangrove and Beach Forest Development (MBFD) Program. The timely release of funds was facilitated by the project’s rapid site assessment conducted in super typhoon Yolanda-stricken areas in Tacloban City and the entire Leyte Province and by the technical assistance provided to DENR’s Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau (ERDB) in the formulation of the MBFD national guidelines. The project’s work plan for 2016- 2017 identified various promising partnership modalities, which could resut in the mobilization of more funds for the project to meet its forest conservation and restoration targets by the end of its implementation. It is important for DENR, PAMBs, and/or LGUs to sustain these partnerships beyond project life through the formulation and integration of appropriate institutional mechanisms in the project’s Sustainability Plan and/or Exit Strategy. The project has also established effective working relationships at the national and local levels, particularly with DENR (i.e., FMB, BMB, and ERDB), LGUs at the municipal and barangay levels, CSOs, CBOs, academe, and the private sector. At the national level, a DENR official interviewed by the MPE Team expressed appreciation for the assistance provided by project consultants and staff in policy/guideline enhancement. The main concern expressed by this official relates to the need for the project to facilitate discussions between BMB and FMB to plan for the institutionalization of LAWIN and other restoration initiatives. At the local and site levels, most LGUs interviewed voiced their satisfaction and appreciation for the close and regular coordination work undertaken by project staff in carrying out project activities. 8 Forest categories include open or second-growth and closed or old-growth forests. 9 i.e., the number of partner organizations which agreed to initially discuss drafting of memoranda of agreement and amount of leveraged funds and investments for forest and biodiversity conservation. 16 They valued the training and technical assistance provided by the project, particularly the opportunity for their staff to learn the use of new technology (LAWIN) for forest and biodiversity protection. Intervention 4. Enhancing Resource Management Plans. Findings from baseline assessments carried out by the project during the initial phase served as inputs for the enhancement and harmonization of various local plans covering forest land use, watershed management, PA management, ancestral domain sustainable development and protection, and comprehensive land use to mainstream conservation and restoration targets, as well as incentives for ecosystem services in the project sites. The enhanced plans could stimulate more public and private sector participation in local economic development and NRM investments. Based on the two key indicators for this intervention,10 the project has completed enhanced management plans for five PAs and three watershed forest reserves within the project sites, as well as several FMU plans, as noted above. However, the current set of performance indicators combined the “number of enhanced plans” with “number of laws, policies, strategies, agreements or regulations addressing biodiversity conservation officially proposed, adopted or implemented” in one. Thus, the MPE Team recommends an additional indicator for this intervention to capture the scale of funds secured, i.e., amount of funding spent to implement the management plans and activities for PAs, watershed forest reserves, and FMUs. This is because the implementation of such plans is dependent on many factors beyond the full control of the project. These factors include the ability of the PASu and LGUs to (i) generate funds and ensure that they are spent exclusively for priority pressure areas, and (ii) ensure that enabling policies are in place for plan implementation. With the anticipated linkages and partnerships with organizations targeted to support the project, more leveraged/investment funds could be expected for use by the PASu and LGUs to use in the implementation of such plans–if they become active players in the partnership building effort. The inclusion of an additional indicator for this intervention will also render EQ 11 “evaluable” by the end of the project. A binding agreement could be established by the project with the PASu, LGUs, and other partners entrusted to use leveraged funds to prepare and submit quarterly financial reports with detailed information on actual expenditures, duly certified by a professionally registered accountant as having the form and substance compliant with Commission on Audit (COA) guidelines. Intervention 5: Developing Capacity of Stakeholders. Baseline assessments included institutional and capacity dimensions using the Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT) and Guided-Self Assessment of the State of Local Environmental Governance (GSA) for PASu and LGUs, respectively, the two key project actors on the ground. The PASu for all 10 PAs and 37 out of 44 LGUs in the seven project sites participated in the assessments, with overall baseline indices ranging from 0.21 (low) to 0.95 (high), compared to 1.00, which is the highest possible index. Specific action plans, including capacity building to address capacity gaps based on assessment findings, have been formulated by the LGUs and community stakeholders with guidance from the project. PAMB and DENR staff also participated in the conduct of training needs assessment (TNA) in the project sites during METT assessment. Based on project records and field interviews (FGDs and KIIs), several relevant training courses have been provided to key stakeholders. These include ELE, environmental governance and management, protected area management plan (PAMP) enhancement and integration with local land use and development plans, adaptive and effective PA management, biodiversity and threat monitoring (LAWIN ), formulation of PAMB and LGU policies, FMU planning and management, and skills for alternative livelihoods (e.g., porters’ training in MANP), among others. Moreover, the porters’ group received mountaineering gadgets (viz., tents, sleeping bags, backpacks), 10 i.e., number of enhanced resource management plans funded and number of implemented activities aimed at addressing priority pressures. 17 which could be considered a mechanism for passive forest restoration and biodiversity conservation. By the end of December 2015, the project provided a total of 94,653 person-hours of training on the aforementioned topics, exceeding the LOP target of 90,000 person-hours by 5.2% and benefitting DENR, LGU and CSO staff, as well as PAMB and CBO officers and members, including women and IPs. However, the key performance indicators for this intervention11 were not assessed during this MPE as the project scheduled the next METT and GSA assessments towards the end of project implementation. The conduct of these assessments at the start, midpoint, and end of the project will provide valuable information to gauge any improvement in capacity and performance of PAMBs and LGUs, and the implementation of follow-up interventions will ensure that the PAMBs and LGUs will be able to sustain project initiatives. Intervention 6: Improving Policy and Governance. From the project’s general five-year (2013-2017) work plan to the 2015-2017 work plan, the focus of this intervention has evolved from “the operationalization of forestland co-management and partnerships by providing assistance to the strengthening and implementation of government policy on devolution and co-management in target sites” to “conduct of activities that support national and local policy development and the improvement of national policy implementation in the field.” The non-lifting of DENR’s 2012 suspension order of co-management agreements over forestlands has major implications on good forest and watershed governance. It provided the project with an opportunity to take a broader approach to support national and local policy development with emphasis on improved field implementation. With a focus on building and strengthening partnerships, the project worked closely with DENR’s FMB and BMB in drafting and refining policy frameworks for biodiversity conservation, PA management, and increasing ecosystem connectivity to promote and support the watershed-based/IEM approach to increase resilience to pressures. Specifically, the project assisted FMB in refining the draft guidelines on partnerships with the public and private sectors in forestland management. It also assisted BMB in developing the Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (PBSAP) M&E Framework, the stock-taking phase of the National PA Master Plan preparation, and the refinement/finalization of the PAMB Operations Manual and Guidelines for the Preparation of Management Plans for Local Conservation Areas (LCAs). The establishment of LCAs in areas of high biodiversity outside of the National Integrated Protected Area System (NIPAS) has enabled LGUs to jointly manage those areas with DENR local offices to promote ecosystem connectivity within the IEM framework in order to increase their resilience to disasters and threats. MPE KII data confirmed that the project has contributed to the refinement of key national guidelines and plans in support of forest protection, biodiversity conservation, and PA management. At the local level, findings from the baseline assessments also served as important inputs for the formulation of local policies and guidelines in the form of DENR issuances, PAMB resolutions, and LGU ordinances to support the implementation of enhanced resource management plans, including FMU plans, ELE action plans, and forest restoration plans, as well as METT and GSA action plans to upgrade the capacity and performance of PAMBs and LGUs. The wide geographical coverage of certain project sites12 has constrained PAMB members from conducting regular meetings to address key conservation issues with concrete and speedy actions. The policies, guidelines, agreements, and regulations addressing biodiversity conservation proposed, adopted, or implemented by DENR, PAMBs, and LGUs, which were reviewed by the MPE Team, affirmed 11 i.e., number of PAMBs and LGUs with increases in METT and GSA scores, respectively, including evidences of their respective action plans being implemented to tackle priority pressures. 12 An example is MANP, which covers two administrative regions in Mindanao (Regions 11 and 12) involving two provinces, three cities, and four municipalities. 18 that the project produced a total of 89 instruments by the end of December 2015, exceeding the LOP target of 59 by over 50.9%. However, the information on other indicators (i.e., number of PAMBs and LGUs with increases in METT and GSA scores, respectively) for this intervention was not sufficient for evaluation, as noted earlier. The project’s current effort to institutionalize GSA and METT as standard tools for monitoring and improving the management effectiveness of environmental governance, in general, and of PAs, in particular, will greatly contribute to increasing the capacity of LGUs and PAMBs, leading to increases in their GSA and METT scores during the remaining implementation period. Intervention 7: Intensifying Communication Campaigns. The project launched national and site-level campaigns to build a constituency for better forest/watershed management and biodiversity conservation through various communication activities and tools. Technical bulletins and manuals have been developed to guide the development/enhancement of policies, plans, regulations, and arrangements and their effective implementation in the field. Moreover, easy-to-understand communication materials have been provided to community-based partners (i.e., Bantay Gubat groups and CBOs) during trainings and consultations to stimulate positive action among local people to address identified key threats in the project site (or certain areas within the site) in support of ELE and restoration initiatives. Hence, most Bantay Gubat groups have performed multiple roles, including enforcing environmental laws and regulations, monitoring change in forest cover and biodiversity, and educating resource users on the value and proper conservation of forests/watersheds and their resources. At the project site level, Bantay Gubat groups and IP leaders have been the most effective communication agents for forest protection and biodiversity conservation due to the regularity of patrol work and physical presence, respectively, in the area. However, the continuity of patrol work by Bantay Gubat groups depends largely on follow-up and monitoring actions taken by project field staff and partly on the allowances provided by LGUs. Those groups that participated in FGDs, who expressed a relatively high level of commitment, despite the absence of compensation, could have developed a strong sense of collective interest and respect for the forest and its resources. Thus, the project needs to identify and nurture those groups who have demonstrated such characteristics so that their knowledge and skills could be further improved during the remaining LOP. In line with the project’s marketing strategy, such groups can be tapped during communication activities to serve as models and resource persons for other community stakeholders. The MPE Team assessed the two indicators for this intervention13 and found that the current records focused more on threats (i.e., human activities acting as pressures on conservation targets) than on the number of resource users breaking rules, while the information on number of pressures observed relative to patrol effort has not been sufficient to establish trends. At present, most Bantay Gubat groups undertake monitoring and patrol work by recording observed pressures (including forest law violators) and forest cover changes through pictures taken using the tablets provided by the project. All these pictures and oral descriptions of observed pressures and lawbreakers are reported directly to the LGUs at the barangay level and/or to the DENR field offices for appropriate action on a monthly basis or immediately after completion of each patrol. The project can arrange with the concerned LGUs and/or DENR offices for regular monthly sharing of such information in order to establish a systematic record for the two indicators for this intervention. In the long run, the project can assist LGUs, DENR, and PAMBs in deciding and planning for the most effective institutional set-up for a recording and reporting system on patrol effort, biodiversity and threats monitoring, and educational campaign at the site level. 13 i.e., number of resource users who do not comply with rules and number of pressures observed relative to patrol effort. 19 Intervention 8: Promoting PES. Field interviews conducted by the MPE Team indicated a generally limited knowledge among partners regarding project activities related to the promotion of PES. So far, only DENR national offices (FMB and BMB) provided feedback on activities related to PES, indicating that these have just started and are still at their infancy. This was confirmed by information contained in project reports. Implementation of PES-related activities commenced only in the earlier part of 2015. In March 2015, the project collaborated with the Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia (EEPSEA) and the ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity (ACB) in holding the International Conference on Conservation Financing in Southeast Asia. The conference gathered over 140 conservation finance experts and practitioners, policy makers, park managers, and environmental economists from eight ASEAN member countries. The project was able to leverage US$39,296 from different partners for this activity. Immediately following this activity, the project conducted a series of clustered orientation trainings14 for DENR field personnel (viz., PENROs, PASUs, budget officers, and accountants) together with BMB on the new IPAF guidelines embodied in Republic Act (RA) 1062915 and the Joint DENR-Department of Budget and Management (DBM) Circular No. 1 issued in 2014 to make them aware of how to manage the IPAF. With technical guidance and legal advice from the project, some of the accomplishments related to PES include the following:  Increase of the trekker fee for MANP from US$11.10 to US$33.30 and limiting the number of trekkers to only 3,000 per year to reduce the negative impact on the PA ecosystem, particularly the generation of garbage during the summer months;  Approval of new user fee rates and policies for MKRNP, resulting in the increase of fees collected to US$5,514 for the period, January–June 2015, alone;  Cost sharing from LGUs, academic institutions and NGOs in various activities of the program; and  Passage of a PAMB resolution requesting DBM to allocate an annual budget from the national government’s General Appropriations Act (GAA) amounting to approximately PhP20.0 million for MKRNP operations. Intervention 9: Ensuring Gender and Social Inclusion. The MPE Team confirmed the project report that women have contributed to, and benefited from, activities related to ELE, forest restoration initiatives (e.g., tree planting and livelihood development), and capacity building. Some examples include the following: (i) METT and GSA tools have specific elements to promote equal participation of women in planning and decision-making; (ii) the Daraghuyan Tribal Women’s Organization and Basac Upland Farmers Association in MKRNP have both received micro￾grants of PhP100,000 for nursery establishment and forest protection activities; (iii) women associations in UMRBPL were supported in preparing forest management proposals; and (iv) women and IPs also participated in LAWIN patrol activities. While the project includes women among its beneficiaries or the recipients of its development efforts, it is suggested that a deliberate strategy be formulated to include women as targets of project interventions. Intervention 10: Supporting National Programs on REDD+ and GHG Inventory. The B+WISER Project reported accumulated annual carbon benefits of 2,768,958 t CO2 equivalent (51.8% of LOP target) by the end of December 2015 from seven project sites. Alternative computations done by the MPE Team in the four sample sites provided accumulated carbon benefits estimated at about 1,880,160 t CO2 equivalent for the same period, broken down as follows: 14 North Luzon cluster held on March 9-11, 2015; Visayas cluster on June 15-17, 2015; and Mindanao cluster on June 22-24, 2015 15 “An Act providing for the Retention by the Protected Area Management Board [PAMB] of Seventy-Five Percent (75%) of the Revenues accruing to the Integrated Protected Areas Fund or [IPAF].” 20 • UMRBPL/KWFR 128,108 t CO2 equivalent; • NSMNP 1,243,104 t CO2 equivalent; • MKRNP 102,888 t CO2 equivalent; and • MANP 406,060 t CO2 equivalent. This trend supported the CO2 equivalent figures reported by the project. Intervention 11: Undertaking Research and Development (R&D). Based on project records, the MPE Team validated that seven research/technical papers have been produced at the Project Management Office (PMO), namely: • Technical Paper on Restoration of Forest Ecosystem Functions; • Technical Paper on A Strategic Approach in Identifying High Value Conservation Areas; • Methods and Guidelines for Forest Monitoring, Carbon Density Assessment and REDD+ in the Philippines; • Technical Paper on Enhancing Protected Area/watershed Management Planning in the Philippines; • Technical Paper on the LAWIN Forest and Biodiversity Protection System; • Introduction to Stream bank stabilization: Field Guide for the Philippines (specifically developed for the Quinali Watershed Stream Restoration Workshop in collaboration with the US Department of Agriculture and USDA Forest Service); and • Technical Paper on Beach Forest Establishment and Management. The MPE Team found that the project played a more active role in R&D on mangrove and beach rehabilitation, in collaboration with DENR’s ERDB, as an offshoot of DENR’s request for assistance in the assessment of the extent of damage brought about by super typhoon Yolanda and the formulation of technical guidelines for the rehabilitation of ravaged mangrove and beach forest areas. The Team also learned that the project’s field implementers have not been active in R&D activities. Intervention 12: M&E of Project Progress and Implementation. The current project M&E system tracks work progress through site inspections, validation meetings, and regular progress reporting. While it is understandable that the M&E system mainly serves the project purpose, some local DENR counterparts claimed that M&E information has not been fully utilized by local partners. Therefore, efforts must be exerted to explore possible areas where M&E information is shared with partner LGUs and DENR staff. A matrix summarizing the project’s key indicators, targets, and accomplishments (as of December 2015), which were verified and confirmed by the MPE Team, is shown in Annex IX. The most common challenges identified by project partners from DENR, PAMBs, LGUs, CSOs and CBOs, particularly the Bantay Gubat groups, during field interviews (FGDs and KIIs) include logistics difficulties, personal security, and legal protection of all individuals involved in ELE activities. Patrol work involves extensive walking, running, trekking, and climbing, mainly because of the rough topography and wide geographic coverage of the project sites. Some groups have to stay for three or more days inside the forest to cover their assigned patrol area every month. Logistics requirements, such as boots, tents as temporary shelters, flashlights, and backpacks for their survival kits and food, are essential for this type of work. However, most of the patrol groups have few or none of these gadgets. Objective 3: Main Challenges of Implementing the Relevant Interventions and the Extent to which the Project is Able to Address these Challenges 21 Many group members said, during the FGDs, that they have received death threats and experienced harassments from, and direct confrontations with, forest law violators during the seizure of illegally gathered forest products or while documenting identity of these violators. Amid these personal threats, these groups have only their identification cards (IDs) to show as evidence of their authority to document and warn violators and to seize all illegally gathered forest products. They also do not have insurance coverage for accidents or untoward incidents. To address this personal security concern, Bantay Gubat groups have articulated their request for comprehensive travel, accident, and health insurance for their members. KII participants also voiced a proposal to relax DENR’s requirements for forest guard deputization so that the Bantay Gubat groups could apprehend forest lawbreakers caught in the act of committing violations. In MANP, for instance, one group member lost his life while conducting ELE activities. In other project sites, some members have been sued in court by the violators, while others complained of violators being left off the hook because of political pressure. As majority of the Bantay Gubat group members have limited formal education, they have little defense against lawsuits. Unfortunately, legal assistance or paralegal education for these groups has not been cited among the project’s ELE support activities, and the budget for ELE activities has been limited. Other problems identified by the KII participants include the (i) lack of Bantay Gubat members and shortage of tablets for an effective coverage of hotspots in the project sites (i.e., the seven KBAs) and (ii) difficulty of recruiting and training new volunteers given the small pool of trained ELE trainers. The lack of tablets, as well as the limited understanding of several Bantay Gubat group members of the proper use of tablets, 16 will also undermine the effectiveness of LAWIN as a promising technology for biodiversity and threats monitoring tool in the Philippines. The current activities to strengthen patrol work have also not supported the generation of an organized recording system for measuring certain performance indicators for this intervention in a timely manner. Under the forest restoration initiatives, building partnerships or leveraging funds for direct investment in active restoration (e.g., assisted natural regeneration [ANR], reforestation) and passive restoration (e.g., alternative livelihoods such as ecotourism) activities may be considered as the biggest challenge facing the project. At mid-term, the project has leveraged exceptionally large investments from public and private sources, particularly the PhP1.0 billion MBFD fund. However, the fund was intended mainly for mangrove and beach rehabilitation in typhoon-ravaged areas in Tacloban City and Leyte Province. In other forest ecosystems in the project area, funding is still lacking to produce viable results. Thus, in the last two years of implementation, leveraging more funds for direct investment in restoration initiatives will be a big challenge for the project. Although some partner CBOs and communities in some project sites, such as in the UMRBPL/KWFR, where there is concrete evidence on the capacity of local communities to successfully manage alternative livelihoods,17 the late payment of remuneration to those involved in the maintenance of NGP sites has been a major concern. The project has undertaken comprehensive baseline assessments and specific biodiversity conservation and watershed related research, which have been produced in the form of technical papers. The MPE Team found that the project’s R&D activities were carried out mainly by PMO-based experts with limited participation of local field implementers. CONCLUSIONS The B+WISER Project is generally on track towards achieving its objectives and targets. Four of the 12 performance targets have already been exceeded at mid-term. These are: (i) 16 They have to seek the help of their children to teach them how to manipulate the tablet-based LAWIN forest and biodiversity protection system – a clear case of a technology gap. 17 such as forest and fruit tree seedling production, organic farming, and broom weaving. 22 leveraging of funds; (ii) formulation of policies, strategies, plans, etc. that addressed biodiversity conservation; (iii) number of person-hours of training in NRM, biodiversity conservation, and climate change; and (iv) number of days of technical assistance in NRM, biodiversity conservation, and climate change. Delays have been encountered in the implementation of some activities, resulting in the under￾achievement of targets in areas under improved management and forest restoration initiatives, although the delays were due to the fact that those activities could not have been started until the key preparatory activities were completed.18 At project mid-term, following is the status of the project vis-à-vis the 13 EQs stated in the SOW for this MPE: • Ten of the 13 EQs are already evaluable. • Three EQs can be evaluated at the end of project implementation since Chemonics has already set up the measures, tools, and processes to collect the necessary information. • The B+WISER Project is poised to answer all 13 EQs at the end of its contract life. The independent calculations made by the MPE Team confirmed the reported project achievements with respect to forest cover, carbon benefits, and forest restoration initiatives as of the end of December 2015:  Accumulated carbon benefits were estimated at about 1,880,160 t CO2 equivalent for the four project sites covered by this MPE, supporting the CO2 equivalent figures reported by the project; and  About 15,280 ha in the three project sites were managed under forest restoration initiatives based on available Landsat images, signifying a transition from non-forest to forest categories. RECOMMENDATIONS At mid-term, the three major interventions/strategies that have enhanced the achievement of key results include: (i) onsite presence of project field staff and their direct coordination with DENR field offices, LGUs, and other local stakeholders, which built a positive public perception of the project and, hence, facilitated the conduct of site-specific project activities and mobilization of stakeholders’ commitment and support; (ii) partnership building, which served as an effective intervention to leverage more funds, expertise, and networks for direct biodiversity conservation and forest/watershed protection; and (iii) capacity building, particularly designed for LGUs and other local stakeholders, coupled with technical assistance, which resulted in strengthening of environmental policy and governance, enhancement and harmonization of local plans, and implementation of restoration initiatives. On the other hand, there remain several challenges requiring priority attention from the project for it to meet its performance targets and generate information that will help answer all the 13 EQs. Considering the significant results produced by the project up to mid-term, the MPE Team’s overarching recommendation is to continue the project’s overall approach to implementation. This is necessary for the project to meet its remaining performance targets and to collect information that will ensure data availability and quality to substantiate the evaluability of EQs 2, 7, and 11. Specifically, the Team recommends that the following activities be undertaken to achieve the LOP targets on area (ha) under improved NRM and area under forest restoration initiatives: 18 The preparatory activities included various assessments, capacity building, and plan formulation, which were necessary for the establishment of enabling conditions. 23 Area (ha) under Improved Natural Resources Management  Speed up the formulation of enforcement plans. Although several Bantay Gubat group members have attended ELE and LAWIN training programs, many of the groups still have no enforcement plans to guide their monthly patrol work. These plans will keep the groups constantly aware of what specific activities they have to conduct or complete every month; how they will document their activities, including the description of pressures observed in the field, profiling of environmental law violators, and seizure of illegally gathered forest resources; and where and when they need to submit their recorded patrol activities for systematic recording, maintenance, and reporting of information. The formulation of these plans should be done within the framework of the management plans for the respective PAs/ watersheds (i.e., PAMPs or WMPs) and/or ancestral domains of affected IPs (i.e., ADSDPPs) to maximize the synergistic effect of these plans.  Clearly identify the responsible center for recording, maintaining, and reporting of ELE results. As noted earlier, most Bantay Gubat groups have been documenting their patrol efforts by taking pictures of observed pressures through LAWIN (e.g., illegal logging or cutting of trees for fuel wood or charcoal making, illegal gathering of rattan, and shifting cultivation) and submitting the pictures to authorities (LGUs and/or DENR field offices) for the apprehension of violators and other appropriate legal actions. Some groups reported having no records of violators since they have directly transmitted the information to authorities, although others claimed to have records. For uniformity sake, the MPE Team suggests that the project should officially designate the proper responsible center to receive and maintain documentation reports from Bantay Gubat groups and to prepare regular reports for transmittal to authorities, including the project office. To facilitate the recording of information, the project should provide a template for recording such reports, which can be used by different stakeholders for planning, monitoring, and decision-making. In so doing, the project would be able to generate the information on indicators in support of the ELE intervention.  Further enrich the knowledge and skills of Bantay Gubat groups in using tablet-based LAWIN. The Sta. Ines Bantay Gubat group in Tanay, Rizal (within the UMRBPL/KWFR) expressed the need for additional training on the use of tablets for effective application of LAWIN in its patrol work. At noted earlier, the group members have relied on their children who understand the application better, being younger, more educated, and exposed to modern technologies. This request for enrichment training or mentoring on the use of tablets was echoed by Bantay Gubat groups in the other project sites. The same training can also be used to prepare for the rollout of LAWIN training of DENR field staff and other Bantay Gubat groups in areas other the project sites to assist in DENR￾FMB’s plan to promote the institutionalization of this type of monitoring within the agency.  Increase funding support for ELE. Additional funding is necessary for patrol activities–to provide more tablets, bigger allowances, and greater security, through the provision of insurance coverage for all members of the volunteer Bantay Gubat groups. This will motivate them to perform their functions efficiently. As suggested by some groups, the allowances can be provided in kind (e.g., cellphone load for their tablets, seedlings, and other planting materials). The project can also coordinate with concerned LGUs for a possible reallocation of the portion of their annual local development fund appropriated for environmental protection and DRR to augment funding for patrol activities of Bantay Gubat groups. Similar efforts could also be taken by DENR. Sponsorships by private companies under the partnership intervention can also be explored by the project to respond to the logistics and security requirements of the groups doing patrol work. In addition, the project can forge arrangements with Philippine National Police (PNP), the Public Attorney’s Office (PAO), and CSOs involved in providing free legal assistance for the personal and legal protection of Bantay Gubat group members against harassment and danger from forest law violators, including insurgents, and possible cases filed against them by those lawbreakers. 24  Enhance the capacity of PAMBs and LGUs in environmental management. To support DENR’s plan to institutionalize the use of LAWIN in forest protection and biodiversity conservation, the project, DENR bureaus (FMB and BMB), and LGUs need to agree on a “joint capacity building effort” on the critical elements of ELE, based on the results of assessments undertaken by the project in the project sites. Whenever possible, the agreed capacity development plan should be placed within the context of the overall capacity building program of DENR and LGUs on environmental management to ensure regular funding support for its implementation. Recognizing that PA management in the country is still very much subsidized by DENR, the proposed joint capacity building effort would result in more focused support for PAMBs and the faster mainstreaming of LAWIN within DENR as a knowledge legacy of the project. As one key DENR informant suggested, “We need to know which capability building approaches can be scaled-up in other areas outside the B+WISER Project sites.” Joint capacity building will be an effective strategy to increase the impact of LAWIN for forest protection and biodiversity conservation. Area (ha) of Forest under Restoration Initiatives • Implement more livelihood projects to reduce threats to forest resources. Not all lawbreakers observed by some Bantay Gubat groups during FGDs have “commercial interests” in doing illegal fuelwood and other forest products collection. Some have been driven by poverty to commit such acts. On the positive side, some CBOs and community members19 have shown adequate capacity for seedling production in partnership with the Foundation for Philippine Environment (FPE), Philippine Business for Social Progress (PBSP), and DENR-NGP. Some have engaged in organic farming as a good takeoff for agri-tourism development, and others have taken up broom weaving using available raw materials and acquired technology. These are potential alternative livelihood and passive restoration initiatives that can be further developed and expanded to reduce the poverty of forest￾dependent communities and, hence, minimize threats to forest resources. A DENR regional official also indicated the high potential of vegetable farming (e.g., mushroom production) in some areas, and of ecotourism in areas with existing waterfalls and rivers, particularly in the Quezon area of UMRBPL/KWFR. These can be developed to provide a steady income to LGUs and local communities. All these potential alternative livelihood projects can be promoted and supported under the partnership initiatives of the project. • Enhance existing PPPs and engage in more PPP arrangements for forest restoration and biodiversity conservation. Several partnership modalities have been noted during the MPE Team’s field interviews. These include the arrangements with Mabuwaya Foundation in NSMNP; TKCI and Tanay Mountaineers, Inc. (TMI) in UMRBPL/KWFR; and the Energy Development Corporation (EDC), Hedcor, Philippine Eagle Foundation (PEF) in Mt. Apo. All these need to be sustained and possibly replicated in other project sites. A more long-term agreement can be established with these stakeholders to ensure that initial gains achieved by their partnerships will continue in the post￾project phase. Documentation of initial good practices and success stories from existing partnerships should be packaged as communication materials and presented in various forums to entice more public and private organizations in the project’s forest restoration and biodiversity conservation effort. The engagement of some 665 local people in the maintenance of NGP sites in UMRBPL/KWFR in 2015 is concrete evidence of direct economic benefits derived by these people from the partnership established by the project with DSWD. At the time of the MPE, negotiations were underway to extend this partnership and to explore possible expansion to other project sites. In addition, the MPE Team recommends the following adjustments or improvements in specific indicators and related measures of the project interventions: 19 For example, Tulungan sa Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc. [TKCI] in Antipolo City, Rizal Province and people in Barangay Lower Lumutan in General Nakar, Quezon within the UMRBPL/KWFR). 25  For EQ 2, disaggregate the measurement of forest cover loss into: (i) area of forest degradation (e.g., forest cover conversion from closed canopy to open canopy); and (ii) area deforested (e.g., forest cover conversion from closed/open canopy to kaingin/grassland). This is because they present distinct pressures warranting different interventions and cost implications, as explained in detail in Annex I, and tracking these pressures will help DENR’s move towards fully implementing the REDD+ strategy in the country. The project can still pick up the generic forest loss (combination of the two threats), but tracking the two threats separately is recommended because it will have benefits that go beyond applying the AFOLU formula.  Include new performance indicators, such as number of resource users engaged in biodiversity conservation and forest protection activities, and amount of funding allocated and spent for project plans/activities to further substantiate the evaluability of EQs 7 and 11, respectively.  Use USGS data or free remote sensing data sets to measure project achievements in forest cover, carbon reduction/sequestration, and biomass targets to complement the data taken from DENR’s NAMRIA in order to come up with more accurate information. The project can also consider adopting the alternative calculations of forest cover, carbon benefit, and aboveground biomass used during the MPE to confirm some of the reported accomplishments and inform future USAID project design. Finally, USAID may wish to revisit its definitions of “improved natural resource management (including the criteria and management scheme used),” and “improved biophysical condition.” The definition of “improved NRM” needs to be expanded to include more than the enhancement of resource management plans by science-based assessments, capacitation of PAMBs, and implementation of key conservation activities with equally assigned percentages. Doing actual measurements of observed forest cover changes on the ground could be considered to provide exact information, instead of mainly relying on indicators as basis for determining the area placed under “improved NRM.” The scoring system used, particularly the assignment of percentages of achievement, also needs to be revisited to reflect the relative significance of the four types of resource management spatial units of analysis (i.e., the entire PA, LGU politico-administrative boundary, watershed, and ancestral domains) to avoid measurement biases. For the definition of “improved biophysical condition,” there might be better ways to measure this indicator other than the three conditions set by the project. The following indicators that may be considered by the project are soil condition, water quality and availability, air quality, wildlife population, and possibly other social factors that could contribute to “improved biophysical condition.” USAID may also wish to consider adopting a policy to distinguish between deforestation and forest degradation in future forest development and conservation projects to support the effective implementation of REDD+ in the country in accordance with the Conference of the Parties (COP) 21 principles. 20 20 The importance of distinguishing forest degradation from deforestation was highlighted in COP 21 in Paris with the adoption of REDD+ as one of the major global strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change. Specifically, COP 21 recognizes that forest degradation and deforestation are caused by different sets of drivers and, therefore, require different sets of interventions. Essentially, forest degradation is caused by the partial removal of trees and other forest resources by selective cutting or poaching, while deforestation involves the conversion of forested areas into non-forested land due to clearcutting of trees, slash-and-burn agriculture, or land conversion. Forest degradation requires ANR and enrichment planting, while deforestation necessitates reforestation. The former requires far less expense compared to the latter. ANNEX I Statement of Work 26 ANNEX I: STATEMENT OF WORK INTRODUCTION The United States Agency for International Development/Philippines(USAID/P) seeks to conduct a mid￾term performance evaluation that will assess the implementation of the Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystems Resilience (B+WISER) Project. Award Number: 492-C-13-00002 Period of Performance: December 28, 2012 – December 27, 2017 Funding: US$ 22, 488, 889 Implementing Partner: Chemonics International COR/Alternate COR: Oliver Agoncillo / Randy Vinluan USAID’s Evaluation Policy commits the Agency to measure and document project achievements and shortcomings so that the Agency’s multiple stakeholders gain an understanding of the return of investment of development activities. The policy states that evaluation at USAID has two primary purposes: accountability to stakeholders and learning to improve effectiveness. Therefore, the purposes of B+WISER evaluation are the following: 1) Provide accountability for project outputs (deliverables) and outcomes ( key results) as defined in B+WISER’s PMP; and 2) Provide learning on questions to test fundamental assumptions regarding the extent to which, and under conditions, B+WISER’s key interventions have been effective at achieving key results. BACKGROUND B+WISER is a five-year contract awarded to Chemonics International. Its objectives are to: (1) conserve biodiversity in forest areas, (2) reduce forest degradation in targeted priority watersheds, (3) build capacity to conserve biodiversity, manage forests, and support low emissions development, and (4) contribute to disaster risk reduction at the sub-national level. B+WISER addresses the drivers of biodiversity loss and deforestation such as habitat destruction and undervaluation of natural resources as well as the failure of existing governance mechanisms to curb these problems, strengthens targeted national and local policies and plans to biodiversity conservation and forest management, and spurs natural resource-based economic activities. B+WISER implements capacity-development and enhancement programs, including environment law enforcement at the national and sub-national levels, provides focused technical assistance to selected government agencies and local government units (LGUs), and support scientific and policy research by local higher education institutions, and foster learning by doing. The project also reduces risks from disasters primarily through mitigation actions such as direct reforestation and forest ecosystems services restoration, improved forest land use planning, and integration of disaster risk reduction principles into local development plans. Additionally, B+WISER seeks to develop public-private partnerships as well as conduct of campaigns at the national and sub-national levels. For each strategies, theories of change (TOC) were constructed to depict the expected pathways between the implementation of the strategies and their intended results towards the conservation of species and ecosystems, and improvement of human well-being (please refer to Attachment J.4). B+WISER is implemented primarily in partnership with the Department of Environment and Natural Resources ((DENR), key LGUs and other members of the protected area management boards (PAMBs) 27 or watershed management councils (WMCs) at the sites. Additionally the project complements and supports the Government of the Philippines (GOH) in implementing its environmental policies a and programs, such as the Philippine Development Plan –Chapter 10: Conservation, Protection and Rehabilitation of the Environment and Natural Resources (2011 – 2016), National Greening Program (NGP), National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP), National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP), Philippine National REDD-Plus Strategy (PNRPS), as well as the Mindanao Development Authority’s Mindanao Nurturing Our Waters (MindaNOW) Program. For USAID/P, B+WISER supports the end goal of USAID/P Country Development Cooperation Strategy (CDCS)1 of a more stable, prosperous, and well-governed nation through Development Objective 3, which is improved environmental resilience. The activity helps achieve this objective by contributing to Intermediate Result 3.2 (Natural and Environmental Resource management Improved) and Sub￾Intermediate Result 3.2.1 (Biodiversity Conservation and National Resource Management Strengthened). It is also designed to support the 2011 Memorandum of Understanding between the Governments of the Philippines and the United States on Enhancing Capacity for Low Emission Development Strategies2 . Kaliwa-Upper Marikina River basin Protected Landscape-Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve, Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park, Quinali River Watershed, Naujan Lake National Park, Bago River Watershed Forest Reserve, Mount Apo Natural Park, and Mount Kitanglad Range Natural Park (see Annex A) are the seven principal implementation sites. The project is also working in several mangrove forest areas across the country, including Quezon, the Verde Island Passage and Siargao Island. At the conclusion of the B+WISER Project, overall results will include: (1) improved management and governance of 780,000 hectares (ha) of key biodiversity areas (KBA) and their associated watersheds; (2) 78,000 ha of terrestrial and mangrove placed under restoration initiatives; (3) 5.34 million metric tons of greenhouse gases (GHG) (in CO2 equivalent) sequestered or reduced after life of the Program; and (4) $5 million leveraged from public, private and other sectors. B+WISER’s performance targets –both annual and life-of-project-are listed in Attachment J.3. 1 http://www.usaid.gov/philippines/cdcs 2 https://www.ec-led.org.countries/philippines 28 Exhibit 1. B+WISER Results Framework B+WISER is the first activity of the USAID /P that is funded by both Biodiversity and Global Climate Change – Sustainable Landscapes Funds. It was designed partly to examine the relationship between climate change impacts on Forest resources and the biodiversity that is dependent on such resources. It also introduced or adapted tools and methods to enhance forest management and biodiversity conservation in the Philippines. As such, for accountability and learning purposes, hoe these linkages are progressing is important to document in this evaluation. The mid-term performance evaluation will make use of the results chains representing the TOC for B+WISER project’s key strategies (see Annex C) prepared by USAID Office of the Environment, Energy and Climate Change (OEECC) and Chemonics International with assistance from the Measuring Impact (MI) project and USAID Bureau for Economic Growth, Education and Environment, Forest and Biodiversity Office (E3/FAB). 29 PAST EVALUATION STUDIES This is the first evaluation of B+WISER project. EVALUATION OBJECTIVES The mid-term performance evaluation will have the following objectives: 1) Assess the evaluability of the 13 learning questions (see Attachment J.4) with respect to the practicality and the empirical feasibility of analysis by the life of the project; 2) Assess the progress of the B+WISER project in terms of achieving its key results (see Attachment J.3), and analyze the factors and conditions that enhance or diminish the achievement of these results the extent to which key results along then TOC have been achieved.; 3) Analyze the main challenges in implementing the relevant interventions, and the extent to which the project was able to address these challenges. EVALUATION QUESTIONS The results chain representing the TOC for B+WISER project’s key intervention was prepared by USAID Office of Environment, Energy and Climate Change (OEECC) and Chemonic International with assistance from Measuring Impact (MI) project and USAID Bureau for Economic Growth, Education and the Environment, Forest and Biodiversity Office (E3/FAB) ( see attachment J.4). The result chain was used to identify the specific questions to be assessed under this evaluation. The evaluation questions address important assumptions in the TOC that on key result in the TOC will lead to another. For Evaluation Objective 1 in Section C, item IV above, the evaluation will assess the evaluability of all 13 evaluation questions along the results chain. The questions are listed from assumptions regarding the ultimate results on the rights of the results chain to the initial results on the left side of the results chain: 1) To what extent and under what conditions do improved biophysical conditions of natural resources forests contribute to a reduction in carbon emissions? 2) To what extent and under what conditions did a reduction in the overall specific pressure in the project area lead to improved biophysical conditions of Natural Forests or Critically Endangered Species? 3) To what extent and under what conditions did law enforcement patrolling effort lead to a reduction in pressures? 4) To what extent and under what conditions did the adoption of alternative livelihoods lead to reduction in pressures in the High Values Conservation Areas (HCVAs) within Protected Areas? 5) To what extent and under what conditions did an increase in appreciation of NRM initiatives lead to an increase in the amount of leveraged funds and investments from private companies, public sectors and civil society (CSOs) for forest / biodiversity conservation? 6) To what extent and under what conditions did the formulation of forest management unit (FMU) plan lead to some degrees of funding for forest protection and maintenance? 7) To what extent and under what conditions did an increase in community adopting desired behavior lead to a reduction in pressures in the project area? 8) To what extend and under what conditions did the institutional arrangements for payment fir environment services (PES) and safeguards being put in place lead to ES sellers (M/F) compensated for carrying out roles in forest / biodiversity conservation? 30 9) To what extent and under what conditions did institutional arrangements for PES being put in place lead to protected area (PA) getting more resources for PA Management? (as part of the integrated protected area fund (IPAF)? 10) To what extend and under what conditions did improved management and effectiveness tracking tool (METT) and governance self-assessment (GSA) scores lead to evidence that the implemented METT and GSA action plans addressed priority pressures 11) To what extent and under what conditions did funding of resource management (RM) plans by protected area superintendent (PASu) Offices and LGUs lead to implementation of activities by PASu Offices and LGUs aimed at addressing priority pressures? 12) To what extent and under what conditions did the formulation of policy (in response to policy gaps) by LGUs and PAMB at local level and DENR and other national agencies lad to rules that support forest conservation at B+WISER sites? 13) To what extent and what conditions did the improvement of governance by LGUs and PAMB lead to funded activities by LGUs, PAMB, DENR and other partners that support for forest conservation at B+WISER sites? For Evaluation Objective 2 and 3 in Section C, item IV above, the evaluation will assess the performance of the project (to date) in terms of achieving key results and addressing implementation challenges. Evaluation questions Nos. 5-13 are key guides in assessing performance progress. AUDIENCE, INTENDED USES AND DISSEMINATION OF EVALUATION FINDINGS The audiences for the B+WISER midterm performance evaluation findings include USAID/P, Philippine government partners, with DENR as primary counterpart, Chemonics International as main contractor, and the broader biodiversity conservation / forestry community including donors, civil society organizations, academe and the private sector. In accordance with the USAID Evaluation Policy, the “findings from evaluations will be shared as widely as possible, with a commitment to full and active disclosure. Furthermore, a summary including description of methods, key findings and recommendations will be available to the public on-line in a fully searchable form.” EVALUATION METHODOLOGY A. Evaluation Activities and Methods The evaluators will carry out the following activities and produce the following deliverables. The schedule of tasks and deliverables is presented in the succeeding sections of this SOW. 1. Conduct desk review and development of the evaluation approach using the TOC To initiate the desk review, the evaluators will participate in a planning conference call with USAID/P, MI and E3/FAB to review the evaluation SOW, the results chain, and the associated evaluation questions as described above and in Attachment J.4. The evaluators will then carry out a desk review of the different source of information that will be pre-compiled and received by the USAID from the B+WISER project and GPH. Sources of information include Section C of the B+WISER contract and other related - information form contract modifications, quarterly and annual reports, work plans, baseline assessment reports and M&E plan, among others. The evaluators will also analyze development plans and programs of the GPH and other donor –funded activities related to the B+WISER project. USAID/P will also provide evaluators with a list of B+WISER project’s counterpart, implementing partners, and beneficiaries, and project site information as compiled by Chemonics International. 31 2. Develop summary report of the desk review, evaluation approach, and work plan The evaluators will develop a summary report of their results from the desk review and for remaining activities. The summary report will describe the proposed approach to meeting each of the evaluation objectives given the available information from the desk review. For Objective A regarding assessing the evaluability of the 13 questions, the summary report will describe the following:  the proposed approach, including data requirements, and data collection and analytical methods, to assessing the evaluability of the 13 evaluation questions  the qualitative and / or quantitative data identified in the desk review that can be used to address each questions (see Annex C for indicators and data availability identified to date for each question).  potential gaps in data for addressing each question that if filled through monitoring could make the question evaluable by the life of the project. For Objective B, the summary report will describe the following:  the proposed approach, including the data requirements, and data collection and analytical methods, to assessing progress in achieving of key results and deliverables (See Annex B);  any qualitative or quantitative data identified in the desk review on progress towards achieving key results;  any limiting factors identified in the desk review that constrain the achievement of a particular key result;  gaps in data for assessing progress in achieving key results (e.g. that will need to be collected through the evaluation). For Objective C, the summary report will identify the following:  the proposed approach to assessing the main challenges in implementing the relevant interventions and the extent to which the project was able to address these challenges;  information identified in the desk review on the challenges in implementing relevant interventions;  gaps in data for assessing challenges in implementation (e.g. that will need to be collected though the evaluation). Based on their proposed approach, the evaluators will also develop an evaluation work plan that will include activities, milestones, deliverables, and itinerary for data collection in the field. The proposed work plan will be discussed and finalized with USAID/P. 3. Conduct data collection and analysis Based on their proposed approach to meeting three evaluation objectives, the evaluators will use both qualitative and quantitative methods, as practicable, for additional data collection and analysis. Under Objective A, the evaluation will assess the evaluabil.ity of all 13 evaluation questions along the results chain. The data collection and analysis may include the following: 32  Identification of the specific indicators and data needed to address each questions by the life of project.  An analysis of the quality if the data collected to date (baseline and first monitoring event) and other sources available to address each questions.  An analysis of the practicality and feasibility of collecting data that woild be needed by the life of the project.  A proposal on appropriate analytical methods (quantitative and qualitative) in order to answer adequately each evaluation question. Under Objective 2 and 3, the evaluation will answer the following evaluation questions: 5-13 in Section C, item V for achievement of key results and addressing implementation challenges to date. Based on the findings from Objective A on the evaluations questions, the evaluator will conduct appropriate data collection and analysis. Data collection will include key informant interviews and focus group discussions. This methodology is not prescriptive and other forms of data collection maybe be considered. To ensure gender responsiveness, the evaluators should be guided by the new USAID Gender Policy3 and will ensure that for all people-level indicators, collection and analysis of data is sex-disaggregated. Key informant interviews and focal group for the evaluation will be carried out at the national level and in four (4) and the seven 7 project sites, selected on the basis of the following criteria: (a) history of development interventions (old vs. new); (b) combination of drivers and threats and strategies employed to address those threats; and (c) geographic size and status of biodiversity and natural resource conditions. The following project sites for the evaluation are: 1. Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape / Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve 2. Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park 3. Mount Apo Natural Park 4. Mount Kitanglad Range Natural Park The evaluators may conduct a survey and will propose a random sampling in order to determine the representative sample of B+WISER’s key implementation partners from responses shall be solicited. This sample will come from the contractor and its subcontractors, national government agencies and LGUs, participants in events organized by B+WISER and other relevant sample pools. The evaluators will spend a total of 25 person-days for data collection in the field. Fieldwork will follow the itinerary approved by USAID/P in the work plan. A list of resource persons / organizations will be provided by USAID, but the evaluators are expected to make their own arrangement for fieldwork. USAID will provide the evaluators with introduction letters for use in communication with the resource persons/organizations. The evaluators will provide an update to USAID at the mid-point of the fieldwork. 3 https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1865/GenderEqualityPolicy_0.pdf 33 4. Evaluation debriefings The evaluators will first discuss the summary of findings with PRM and OEECC followed by an internal debriefing with the Mission management, and lastly a debriefing / presentation to relevant GPH department and other stakeholders. 5. First draft evaluation report Following the completion if tasks 1 through 4 above, the evaluators will complete a draft evaluation report. The draft should take into account comments and recommendations provided at the evaluation debriefing and other meetings. It should also follow USAID’s general guidance in preparing reports (see Annex E). This draft report will be submitted to the USAID/P for review and comment. USAID/P may choose to request comments from other individuals for incorporations into the final version. USAID/P will provide comments within (5) working days from receipt of the report. 6. Submission of final evaluation report, summary and presentation slides The Final Draft Evaluation Report and revised de-briefing presentation slides will be submitted to USAID/P within five (5) working days from receipt of USAID/P comments on the draft report. 7. Final publishable evaluation report Then final report will be submitted to USAID/P no later than January 25, 2015. The evaluation report will be complaint with USAID evaluation report requirements (see Attachment J.5). ANNEX II Results Chain Showing the Theory of Change for B+WISER Project 34 ANNEX II: RESULTS CHAIN SHOWING THE THEORY OF CHANGE FOR B+WISER PROJECT ANNEX III FGD and KII Guide Questions 35 ANNEX III: FGD and KII Guide Questions GUIDE QUESTIONS TOOL # 1: KII Guide Questions Interventions / Guide Questions KII Respondents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 General Information / Demographics  Name  Age  Sex  Educational Attainment  Position in the community (or office )  Others            Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them?      What can you say about the conduct of environmental law enforcement (ELE) advocated by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/province? Were you able to enforce them? Any case of confiscation of illegally collected/harvested forest products or apprehension of environmental law violators? Please elaborate.   Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate.     Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities     Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform?      Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives?      What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems?      What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective?     36 Interventions / Guide Questions KII Respondents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11  What are the challenges you faced in ELE?     Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound.      Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound.      What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration      How did you solve these problems?      What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities?     Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus?     How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans?     What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans?     How did you solve these problems?     What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans?    Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain.       How useful are these guidelines and policies?       What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area?       What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance?       How did you solve these problems?       What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance?      Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas.    37 Interventions / Guide Questions KII Respondents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these.        Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain.        What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site?         What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP?        How did you solve these problems?        What are the challenges faced in PPP?       Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area?      Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way?      What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area?      What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women?      What are the problems encountered in capacity building?       And how did you solve these problems?       What are the challenges faced in capacity development?      Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way?       Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound.       Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection?      38 Interventions / Guide Questions KII Respondents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES?       How did you solve these problems?       What are the challenges faced in application of PES?      Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain.     Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area.     Did you participate in any of the GHG-related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area?     What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI-related activities?     How did you solve these problems?     What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI–related activities?    Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming-related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain.      What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community?    What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities?      How did you solve these problems?      What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming?     Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they?        What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns?        How did you solve these problems?        What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns?       Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in?     39 Interventions / Guide Questions KII Respondents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11  How useful are these R&D activities?      Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process?      What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D?      How did you solve these problems?      What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D?     Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain.        What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities?        How did you solve these problems?        What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities?       General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project?         What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain.         Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain.         What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project?        Overall Project Implementation  What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront?      How do you think these problems should be solved?      What are the challenges that the project should face?     Legend: 1 – LGU representatives; 2 - DENR Field Officer (PENRO or CENRO); 3 - PAMB-PASU & other PA Authorities; 4 – PO/ NGO Leaders; 5 – Other Government Agencies; 6 - Private Sector; 7 - Academe and Research & Extension Institutions; 8 - B+WISER Field Managers; 9 – DENR TWG; 10 – B+WISER National Team; 11 – USAID/P 40 TOOL # 2: FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS I. Participant’s Background Information (must be filled up before the start of FGD proper) Name Gender Age Highest Grade Completed Occupation/ Main source of income Email address/ Phone/CP numbers Name of Organizations/Associations affiliated with II. FGD Guide Questions FGD Guide Questions Bantay Gubat (foot Patrol) Indigenous Peoples / Barangay Officials Women’s Group PO/Farmers Association / Other Sector Environmental Law Enforcement  When was Bantay Gubat organized in your community? Was it organized through the B+WISER Project?  How many members are you in your Bantay Gubat? How many men? How many women? If there are no women members, why?  How many hectares or how big is the coverage of your Bantay Gubat or foot patrol?    Did you attend or participate in any ELE trainings organized by B+WISER project, e.g., LAWIN?   41 FGD Guide Questions Bantay Gubat (foot Patrol) Indigenous Peoples / Barangay Officials Women’s Group PO/Farmers Association / Other Sector  What did you learn from these trainings?  What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings?  As Bantay Gubat, do you have an enforcement plan or do you follow an enforcement plan?  Who formulated the enforcement plan?  Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for the enforcement plan?  What enforcement operations do you perform?  Were persons apprehended and subsequently penalized during your enforcement operations?  Do you keep records/logbook of violators and the penalty imposed on them? (Get copy or take a photograph of the entries in the logbook.)    Do you receive incentives or remuneration for performing your role as Bantay Gubat?  Where does the remuneration come from? Who provides the incentives?  Is the remuneration/incentive enough? Why?    What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as Bantay Gubat? How did you solve them?    What challenge are faced in ELE/or being Bantay Gubat?   Forest Restoration and Livelihood  Are you a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management?     Have you put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound.     What are the livelihood projects introduced in your community in support to forest restoration activities?     Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these?     How did you solve these problems?     What are the challenges that you faced in your forest restoration activities?    Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by the women’s group in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management?    Are these activities effective? Please explain.    In what other activities these women are tapped?    Any problem encountered in gender mainstreaming activities? What are these? 42 FGD Guide Questions Bantay Gubat (foot Patrol) Indigenous Peoples / Barangay Officials Women’s Group PO/Farmers Association / Other Sector  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges that you faced in gender mainstreaming activities? Communication Campaigns    Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain.      Are they are effective? In what way?      Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these?      How did you solve these problems?      What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities?     ANNEX IV List of Secondary Materials from Field 43 ANNEX IV: LIST OF SECONDARY MATERIALS FROM FIELD UPPER MARIKINA RIVER BASIN PROTECTED LANDSCAPE / KALIWA WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE (UMRBPL/KWFR) 1. UMRBPL/KWFR Field Unit Accomplishment Report as of September 2015 in Region 4A. 2. 2014-11- Ordinansa/Kautusan na nagbabawal sa pagsusunog ng dayami sa palayan at mga halaman o kakahuyang pinutol sa kaingin bilang pangangalaga sa kalusugan, kalikasan at pagpaparami ng organikong pataba (fertilizer) sa nasasakupan. 3. 2014-10- Ordinansa/Kautusan na nag-aatas sa mahigpit na pagbabawal sa pagsusunog ng mga basurang nabubulok o hindi nabubulok sa nasasakupan ng Gen. Nakar, Quezon. 4. 2013-02- Kautusan na nagaatas na magtanim ng mga punong kahoy ang iba’t-ibang grupo/pangkat ng mga tao at sector dito sa Heneral Nakar, Quezon. 5. 2011-01- Kautusan na nagtatakda ng mga alituntunin sa paggamit at pagbibili ng plastic na supot o bag/cellophane (polythylene) bilang pakete o balutanat pagsisimulang gumamit ng mga sisidlang nabubulok o lalagyan na madaling matunaw sa likas na paraan (Biodegradable containers) sa nalolooban ng bayan ng Heneral Nakar, Quezon. 6. 2010-14- An ordinance adopting the Philippine Eagle ”Agila/Banoy” with scientific name “Pithecophaga Jefferyl” as the Municipal bird or flagship species of the municipality of General Nakar, Quezon by instituting the conservation and protection of wildlife including their habitats and for other purposes. 7. 2010-13- Kautusan na nagtataguyod sa tuloy-tuloy na paghahalaman o buhay na masikhay sa paghahalaman (bio-intensive gardening) bilang isang mahusay na paraan (strategy) na pagsikapang matamo ang kasiguruhan sa pagkain (food security) at mabuting nutrisyon dito sa bayan ng Heneral Nakar, Quezon at paglalaan ng kaukulang pondo para sa pagsasakatuparan nito. 8. 2010-06- An ordinance enacting the Comprehensive Zoning Code by adopting the updated Municipal Comprehensive Land Use Plan, and for other purposes. 9. 2007-17- An ordinance creating and establishing the Municipal Solid Waste Management Board of General Nakar, Quezon, and providing funds as necessary therefore. 10. 2003-017- Kautusan na nagtatakda ng wastong Pamamahala ng basura sa pamamagitan ng Paghihiwalay ng basurang nabubulok (biodegradable) at basurang di nabubulok (non-biodegredable) tuloy nagtatakda ng lugar na pagtatambakan ng basura. 11. 2003-007- Kautusan na nagtatakda sa siyam (9) na Barangay ng Heneral Nakar, Quezon bilang resebadong lugar para sa mga lamang dagat. 12. 2002-033- Kautusan na nagtatakda sa lahat na mga drayber at may-ari ng mga sasakyan na maglagay ng sisidlan ng basura sa loob ng kani-kanilang sasakyan. 13. 2002-029- An Ordinance Enacting the Municipal Environment Code of Gen. Nakar, Quezon. 14. 2001-001- Batas Pambayang Nagtatakda ng Wastong Pangangasiwa sa Basura at Nagtatakda ng Kaparusahan sa Paglabag dito. 15. 2015-28- Resolusyong magalang na humihiling sa Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Region IV-A sa pamamagitan ni Regional Executive Director Reynulfo A. Juan na maging bahagi at 44 katuwang sa National Greening Program ng DENR ang ibat-ibang People’s Organizations (PO’s) na kinikilalang lehitimo at rehistradong mga samahan dito sa bayan ng Gen. Nakar, Quezon. 16. 2012-70- Resolusyong mapitagang humihiling sa Tanggapan ng “Provincial Mining Regulatory Board (PMRB)”, Lungsod ng Lucena na mangyaring magtalaga ng “Deputy Mining Officers” na binigyang-kapangyarihan ng “Mines and Geosciences Bureau” na magbawal at manghuli / kontrolin ang mga gawaing labag na pangunguha ng graba, buhangin, at iba pang mga bagay buhat sa dalampasigan, tabing-ilog agos o patibagan ng bato (Quarry Resources) dito sa nasasakupan ng Heneral Nakar, Quezon. 17. 2012-71- Resolusyon na humihiling sa tanggapan ng Regional Director, Rehiyon IV-A, CALABARZON, Lungsod ng Maynila na magsagawa ng pagsusukat sa mga kalupaang nasasakupan ng bayang ito na pinagkukunan ng mga buhangin at graba para matukoy ang mga lugar na pinahintulutan ng “Provincial Mining regulatory Board” gayundin ay maliwanagan ang “Territorial Boundary” sapagitan ng General Nakar at Infanta, Quezon upang mapigilan ang labag na “quarrying operation” na isinasagawa ng mga pinahintulutang “quarry or sand and gravel permit holder” mula sa bayan ng Infanta. 18. 2013-114- A Resolution Authorizing the Municipal Mayor, Hon. Leovegildo R. Ruzol to enter into a sign a memorandum of understanding (MOU-tripartite) in behalf of municipal government of General Nakar, Quezon, with the Ecopeace Asia, and the University of the Philippines Los Banos for Effective Implementation of Projects aimed at poverty alleviation and Environmental Restoration in at least two upland Barangays in General Nakar, Quezon. 19. 2013-110- A Resolution authorizing the Municipal Mayor, Hon. Leovegildo R. Ruzol to enter into and sign a Memorandum Agreement (MOA) in behalf of the Municipal Government of General Nakar, Quezon, with the DENR Regional Office IV-A represented by its Regional Executive Director, Reynulfo A. Juan for the adoption and institutionalization of gender responsive environment and natural resources enterprises (GREEN) kit. 20. 2013-47A- A Resolution Authorizing the Municipal Mayor, Hon. Leovegildo R. Ruzol to enter into and sign a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) in behalf of the Municipal Government of General Nakar, Quezon with the DENR represented by its PENRO Alfredo C. Palencia relative to the transfer of fund for the implementation of a Forest Protection Project in the amount of four hundred thousand pesos (P400,000.00). 21. 2011-63- A Resolution Authorizing the Municipal Mayor to represent the Municipal Government of General Nakar, quezon in signing and entering into a memorandum of agreement with the DENR region IV-A for the joint implementation of Forest Land Use Plan (FLUP) in this Municipality. 22. 2010-80- Resolusyon na nagtataguyod sa buhay na masikhay sa paghahalaman (Bio-Intensive Gardening) na Gumagamit ng mahalagang pagsasaka (Organic Agriculture) na mga teknolohiya upang matiyak ang pagtustos ng masustansiya o nakapagpapalusog at ligtas na mga pagkain para magkaroon ng mabuting nutrisyon na paglilingkod ang Pamahalaan na Pinamumuhunanan at Lubusang Pakikinabangan ng mga Taong naninirahan dito sa Heneral Nakar, Quezon. 23. 2010-34- Resolusyon na nagpapahayag ng pagtutol (objection) ng pamahalaang bayan ng Heneral Nakar, Quezon laban sa “large scale mining/exploration permit application” ng Summa Mineral Resources Corporation” na nasasakupan ang mga bahaging tubig kanlungan (watershed areas) ng baying ito. 24. 2009-68- A Resolution manifesting objection of the municipal Government of General Nakar, Quezon to the ancestral domain claim of indigenous peoples situated at barangays Umiray, Lumutan, Canaway, Sablang, Magsikap, Pagsangahan, Maligaya, San Marcelino, and portion of barangays Minahan, Minahan Sur, Catablingan and Mahabang Lalim, all located in General Nakar, Quezon province containing an area of one hundred forty four thousand eight hundred eighty and 7018/10000 (144,880.7018) hectares. 45 25. 2009-67- Resolusyon na nagpapahayag ng malasakit at maliwanag na pagtutol/pagsalungat sa panukalang proyekto ng “Laiban Dam” tuloy humihiling sa kanyang kadakilaan, pangulong Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo na pawalang-bisa (cancel) ang pagawaing ito dahil lubhang makapinpinsala sa mga mamamayang naninirahan sa pagitan ng General Nakar, Quezon at Tanay Rizal. 26. Ordinance No. 08-008 – An Ordinance Prescribing Guidelines for Environmental Regulations in the Province of Rizal. 27. Publications distributed by B+WISER Project: (a) Economics of Climate Change: Valuation Methods and Economics Analysis of Adaptation and Mitigation Options for Biodiversity Conservation; (b) Impacts of Adaptation to Climate Change of Watersheds and Biodiversity; (c) Concepts of Vulnerability and PRA as a Tool in Vulnerability Assessment; (d) Use of MCA in Evaluating Mitigation and Adaptation Options for Biodiversity Conservations; (e) Vulnerability Assessment to Flooding and Landslide; (f) IEM in PA Management Plans; (g) Overview: Responsiveness to Changing External and Local Conditions; (h) Kaliwa Watershed Forest and Reserve 2013 Baseline METT Results September 3-4 2013; and (i) Use of GIS in Vulnerability Assessment. 28. Executive Order 23 NORTHERN SIERRA MADRE NATURAL PARK (NSMNP) 1. Business Plan Ecotourism Development Project 2. The Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park Ecotourism Management Plan 3. Spot Report of the Bantay Gubat of Tumauini, Isabela 4. Field-based Validation Report 5. B+WISER General (Five-Year) Work plan (2013-2017) 6. Files of communication letters (DENR – NCIP-B+WISER) related to B+WISER programs 7. A copy of Terms and Conditions Relative to the Resolution of Consent Executed by AGTA IPs/ICC of Maconacon and Divilacan, Isabela for the B+WISER Program 8. A copy of minutes of the field-based validation meeting with the Agta and Calinga ICCs/IPs of San Mariano; Agta and Ibanag ICCs/IPs of Tumauini Isabela, Re: B+WISER Program held on April 8, 2015 at LMB Building Municipal Compound, San Mariano, Isabela 9. A copy of list of members of the Sitio Maguli Marginal Farmers Producers Cooperative 10. A copy of non-expendable items released by the Chemonics International 11. A copy of acknowledgement receipt for supplies released by the B+WISER staff 12. A copy of articles of incorporation, by laws of association, and work and financial plan for CY 2015-2017 13. The Environment Code of the City of Ilagan, General Ordinance No. 044 14. A copy of CENRO counterpart equipment and materials for the implementation of SMART LAWIN project of the B+WISER 15. Files of ordinances 16. Copies of PAMB Resolutions 17. A copy of SB resolutions related to forest restoration 18. A copy of training material on role of LGUs in Environment and Natural Resources Protection conducted by the B+WISER MT. APO NATURAL PARK (MANP) 1. Activity Report GSA Facilitators Training and Pilot Testing (PASu Kidapawan) 46 2. Draft MANP Camp Management Policy (Revised Sep 17, 2015) 3. MANP PAMB RES 2015-01 Mt. Apo Trekking Policy 2015 4. PEF (2nd Quarter Report) 5. Resolution Trekking Policy (PASu, Kidapawan) 6. PAMB Ecotourism Committee Workshop and Action Planning Activity Report 7. Documentation Mindanao Mountaineering Conference, May 17, 2015, Kidapawan City 8. Environment Code of Magpet, North Cotabato (City Ord. No. 344-2015) 9. Mt. Apo Clean Up Drive June 10-13, 2015 Documentation MT. KITANGLAD RANGE NATURAL PARK (MKRNP) 1. Activity Report. 58th MKRNP Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) Executive Committee Meeting, 23 September 2015 2. Activity Report. Identifying conservation areas as focus of monitoring and patrolling, formulating measurable conservation targets and designing data models for the identified portion of the HCVAs MKRNP in Barangay Sil-ipon, LGU Libona, Bukidnon,September 29-01 October 2015 3. Minutes, Cultural and Tribal Affairs Committee Meeting of MKRNP PAMB, 30 June 2015 4. Minutes, Environmental Law Enforcement Refresher Training for Enforcers in Mount Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP), 14-16 July 2015 5. Excerpts from the Minutes of 42ndPAMBen banc Meeting, Dec 10, 2013 6. Excerpts from the Minutes of 44th PAMBen banc Meeting, Dec 9, 2014 7. Excerpts from the Minutes of 45th PAMBen banc Meeting, Feb 8, 2015 8. Resolution No 565 series of 2015 Establishing the Official Eco-tourism Sites Within the Park with B+WISER Technical Assistance 9. Resolution no.563 series of 2015 To Update/Enhance the Existing MKRNP PA Management Plan and the Creation of a Technical Working Group (TWG) 10. Resolution no. 564 series of2015 Supporting the Immediate Implementation of KINCRDMP 11. Resolution no. 566 series of 2015 Authorizing the Cultural and Tribal Affairs Committee to invite any Person/Agency to Participate in the Committee as Deemed Necessary 12. Annual report 2013 approved-1 DENR 13. Annual report 2013 approved -2 DENR 14. Annual Report Rev.2A DENR 15. 1st Inter USAID Project Coordination Meeting Feb. 23, 2015 16. 4th MKRNP Committee Meeting Feb. 18, 2015 DENR 47 (ADDITIONAL SECONDARY MATERIALS) B+WISER WORK PLANS 1. General Five-Year Work Plan, 2013-2017, Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 12 July 2013, Revision 5, Contract No. AID-492- C-13-00002 2. 2013 Annual Work Plan, Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 22 July 2013, Revision 7, Contract No. AID-492-C-13-00002 3. 2014-2015 Annual Work Plan, Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 21 March 2014, Revision 2, Contract No. AID-492-C-13- 00002 4. 2015-2017 FY Annual Work Plan, Philippine Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 20 April 2015, Revision 2d, Contract No. AID-492-C-13- 00002 B+WISER PROGRESS REPORTS 1. Annual Report, January-December 2013, Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER), 6 May 2014, Revision 3 2. Annual Report, January-December 2014, Philippine Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience, 16 April 2015, Revision 2a, Contract No. AID-492-C-13-00002 3. First Quarter Progress Report, January-March 2013, Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 10 July 2013, Revision 3, Contract No. AID-492-C-13-00002 4. Second Quarter Progress Report, April-June 2013, Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 30 October 2013, Revision 2, Contract No. AID-492-C-13-00002 5. Fourth Quarter Progress Report FY 2013: July-September 2013, Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 06 May 2014, Revision 3, Contract No. AID-492-C-13-00002 6. Second Quarter Progress Report FY January-March 2014, Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 24 September 2014, Revision 4 7. Third Quarter Progress Report FY April-June 2014, Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 24 September 2014, Revision 2 8. Fourth Quarter Progress Report FY July-September 2014, Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 08 January 2015, Revision 1a, Contract No. AID-492—13-00002 9. First Quarter Progress Report FY October-December 2014, Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 17 February 2015, Contract No. AID-492—13-00002 10. Second Quarter Progress Report FY January-March 2015, Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 02 July 2015, Revision 1, Contract No. AID-492—13-00002 48 11. Third Quarter Progress Report FY April-June 2015, Philippines Biodiversity and Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy and Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) Program, 28 September 2015, Revision 1, Contract No. AID-492—13-00002 B+WISER TECHNICAL REPORTS 1. Baseline Assessment: Analysis of Pressures to Natural Forests in DENR/B+WISER Sites, Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER), 28 January 2015, Version 2 2. Baseline Assessment: Environmental Law Enforcement in the Seven Program Sites, Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER), 13 April 2015, Version 3 3. Baseline Assessment: Guided Self-Assessment on the State of Local Environmental Governance (GSA), Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER), 28 January 2015, Version 2 4. Baseline Assessment: Historical Forest Cover Change and Activity Data Analysis (2003-2010) in DENR￾B+WISER Program Sites, Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER) 5. Baseline Assessment: Historical Mangrove Forest Cover Change Analysis in DENR-B+WISER Program Sites, Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER), V2 6. Baseline Assessment: Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT), Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER), 30 January 2015, Version 2 7. Baseline Assessment: Vulnerability Assessment of Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park, Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER), 22 June 2015, Version 2 8. Baseline Assessment: Vulnerability Assessment of Quinali “A” Watershed, Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER), 22 June 2015, Version 2 9. Baseline Assessment: Bago River Watershed and its Natural Parks, Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER), 26 June 2015, Version 2 10. Ecological Assessments in the B+WISER Sites (Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park, Upper Marikina￾Kaliwa Forest Reserve, Bago River Watershed and Forest Reserve, Naujan Lake National Park and Subwatersheds, Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park and Mt. Apo Natural Park), Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER), 23 March 2015, Version 3 11. Forest Carbon Assessment, Forest Loss, Forest Gain, and REDD+, Philippines Biodiversity & Watersheds Improved for Stronger Economy & Ecosystem Resilience (B+WISER), 28 January 2015, Version 2 ANNEX V FGD and KII Documentation Reports 49 ANNEX V: FGD and KII Documentation Reports FGD PARTICIPANTS, BY SITE1 Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape/Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve General Information Name Gender Age Highest Grade/Level Completed Occupation/Main Source of Income Email Address/ Phone/Mobile Numbers Name of Organizations/ Associations Affiliated with 1. Marcelo Apostol M 42 SMART LAWIN 2. Rodrigo Dela Cruz M 48 BLET 3. Nora Urtudez F 44 SMART LAWIN 4. Oliver Custodio M SMART LAWIN 1 Please take note that the responses in the FGD matrices are unedited. FDG with the members of the Barangay Law Enforcement Team (BLET), Barangay Lumutan, General Nakar, Quezon. 50 5. Adoracion Baylon F 54 SMART LAWIN 6. Eldiponso Dela Cruz M 53 SMART LAWIN Name Gender Age Highest Grade/Level Completed Occupation/Main Source of Income Email Address/ Phone/Mobile Numbers Name of Organizations/ Associations Affiliated with 7. Dominga P. Suyure F 48 SMART LAWIN 8. Oscar Mitra M 45 ELE 9. Azenith Gaco F 24 10. Elmer Delumaga M 48 11. Victor M. Borreo M 26 Brgy. Capt. 09987622250 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  When was Bantay Gubat organized in your community? Was it organized through the B+WISER Project? Participant 6: May 2015 Participant 3: opo  How many members are you in your Bantay Gubat? How many men? How many women? If there are no women members, why? Participant 6: anim po ang BLET ang iba po ay ELE Participant 4: 3 lalaki, 3 babae Participant 6: 6 for BLET and the others is ELE Participant 4: 3 men, 3 women  How many hectares or how big is the coverage of your Bantay Gubat or foot patrol? Captain: malaki po yan. Ang upper at lower ay nasa 8,000, yun lang talagang kagubatan yung timberland. (maliban dun sa secondary forest 8000 hectares) Captain: It’s big. The upper and the lower will measure around 8,000 hectares.  Did you attend or participate in any ELE trainings organized by B+WISER project, e.g., LAWIN? Participant 1: yung dito po ginanap, naka attend na po kami Participant 1: when it was held here, we were able to attend.  What did you learn from these trainings? Participant 1: ang natutunan po dun sa training halimbawa po may huhulihin, yung ipapaalam po muna yung mga karapatan ng huhulihin, yung Miranda rights. Participant 2: ganun din mam , mga pangangalaga sa kalikasan Participant 3: yung mga bawal. Bawal katulad yung magputol ng kahoy Participant 5: katulad po yung nabanggit ni kapitan kanina sa mga hayop. Bawal na rin po manghuli ng mga hayop. May karapatan na po kaming sumita doon sa mag uuling, magtotroso , mga ganyan, gaya ng mga ibon , kung saan po naman may mga patakaran kagaya po naming mga Dumagat pwede kaming manghuli po, kung kailangan lang, pangkain lang. Hindi naman ibebenta. Participant 2: mga traditional na paggamit ng kalikasan 51 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 6: natututunan din namin, kung paano pangalagaan yung mga forest Participant 1: what we have learned from the training is when you need to catch someone, but you’ll state first their rights, the Miranda rights. Participant 2: just the same ma’am, caring for the nature. Participant 3: the illegal activities, illegal like cutting of trees. Participant 5: Catching them is prohibited. We have the right to condemn illegal loggers, those who sell charcoals, just like that. Wherever there are rules just like us ‘‘Dumagat’’, we have the right to catch for our food but not for selling it. Participant 2: The traditional way of using natures. Participant 6: we have learned also how to take care of the forest.  What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings? Participant 6: natuto tungkol sa pangangalaga ng kalikasan Participant 6: we learned about caring for the nature.  As Bantay Gubat, do you have an enforcement plan or do you follow an enforcement plan? Participants 1, 2 & 3: meron po Participants 1, 2 & 3: we have  Who formulated the enforcement plan? Participant 5: kami kami na rin po Participant 5: it’s us  Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for the enforcement plan? Participant 1: wala po Participant 1: no one  What enforcement operations do you perform? Participant 6: meron, bale trainings lang po Participant 3: 3 beses na kaming nag patrol ng kagubatan Participant 6: just trainings Participant 3: we ‘’patrol’’ 3 times in the forest.  Were persons apprehended and subsequently penalized during your enforcement operations? Participant 3: wala pa po Participant 3: no one 52 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  Do you keep records/logbook of violators and the penalty imposed on them? (Get copy or take a photograph of the entries in the logbook.) Participant 3: meron kaming record na may nakita, may camera Participant 4: sa record po ay wala po, ang aming ginamit po nung kamiy nagpatrol ay tablet Participant 6: mga observation lang po Captain: dinadala kasi nila (ng mga taga B+WISER). Ngayon nag issue sila ng mga logbook para dun Participant 3: we have records and we use camera. Participant 4: In our record there was none. We used the tablet when we were patrolling. Participant 6: our only observations. Captain: They bring it. Now they issue logbooks for that.  Do you receive incentives or remuneration for performing your role as Bantay Gubat? Participant 6: pag umearea lang po Participant 7: madalang namang mag area Participant 6: saka pag dumarating lang po yung B+WISER. Pag dumating ho sila halimbawa po 3 araw, magkakaroon po kami per day, 200 pesos per day.Pag alis po nila wala na Participant 6: every time we are in the area. Participant 7: I seldom go to the area. Participant 6: whenever the B+WISER came for example 3 days, we have 200 pesos per day and when they’re gone, we do not have.  Where does the remuneration come from? Who provides the incentives? Participant 4: bale po sa B+WISER nanggagaling Participant 4: It came from the B+WISER  Is the remuneration/incentive enough? Why? Participants 3 & 7: Kulang mam Participant 3: 2 araw ,400 Participant 4: kagaya po nung nakaraan nag 2 days lang kami di 400 lang din. Wala na po yun hanggang ngayon Participant 3: pag 3 araw 600 Participant 2: kung baga sa ano kulang po Participant 4: di ho kami nagkakaron pag di sila dumarating Participant 3 & 7: It’s not enough ma’am. Participant 3: 2 days, 400 Participant 4: just like before, for 2 days we have 400. There was nothing until now. Participant 3: for 3 days, 600.  What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as Bantay Gubat? How did you solve them? Participants 3 & 2: wala po Participant 7: meron pag may nasasagasaan na ano ( mag iilegal), problema po yun mam Participant 4: umiiwas na lang Participant 7: kinakausap po 53 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participants 3 & 2: none Participant 7: we have, if we went on someone’s way (illegal), that’s a problem ma’am. Participant 4: we just avoid them. Participant 7: we tried to talk to them  What challenge are faced in ELE/or being Bantay Gubat? Participant 5: ako po bilang sa akin e, lalu na dito, sa lugar namin pag magiging matigas ang ulo ng tao, sasampolan ko talaga. Minsan 2 beses nagwarning ako hanggang dun na lang Participant 4: sa ngayon medyo magaan , walang masyadong makakaenkwentro na nag iillegal dahil may mga proyekto pa yung DENR Participant 5: for me, esp. here in our place, if there are hard headed people, I would really give them a sample. Sometimes I gave 2 warnings, that’s just it. Participant 4: for now it’s very light. I haven’t encountered much with regards to illegal doings because of the DENR project. Forest Restoration and Livelihood Mainstream Gender and Inclusion Communication Campaigns  Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. Participant 1: meron po. may mga pinamigay na po dito dati, nasa folder yung marami Participant 3: bawal magputol ng kahoy, bawal mag uling (nakalagay sa mga pinamimigay na babasahin) Participant 1: yes. They gave us before, mostly it was in the folder. Participant 3: Prohibiting cutting of trees, no more for charcoal. (it was written in the papers they gave).  Are they are effective? In what way? Participant 1: dito po sa amin, simula nung dumating yung B+WISER, saka marami ng nagpupunta dito na DENR, medyo napapansin po namin na apektado dahil dati malakas po ang illegal dito, pagkakahoy Participant 5: at dahil na rin po sa aming kadaldalan, talagang effective. Sinasabihan namin “mga kabarangay ,wag kayo talagang magputol at huhulihin namin kayo” Participant 1: In our area, the moment the B+WISER came, and there are lots of DENR often come here. We have noticed that it was effective because before the illegal logging is very open. Participant 5: and because of us being talkative, its very effective. We keep reminding our kabarangays to ‘’never cut trees or else we’ll condemn you”  Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? Participant 1: meron po sa obserbasyon ko, kagaya po nung mga mag i-illegal pag napansin po nila na kasama namin, iisipin po nila talaga na kami. yun po yung nagiging problema namin madalas 54 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 1: from my observation, it has. They thought we are one of those illegal loggers when we were around them. That is mostly the problem.  How did you solve these problems? Participant 1: dahil po ang iba ay kalugar din namin, napagkakasunduan din namin Participant 5: sa madalit salita po, kasi kami pong mga BLET ang iniisip po namin ay ganito, halimbawa po may isang mag iilegal, alam nio po pag mag iilegal malakihan yan, malaking isda yan, wala po silang iisipin halimbawa po magkaroon ng aberya o nahuli, wala silang iisipin kundi kami kami ang may gawa nun. Pero hanggat maaari po naman at nakikinig , hindi naman lantaran at saka kayang pigilan hintuan, wag nilang pokusan yung ganung trabaho e wala namang problema Participant 1: we talked and understand each other since we live in the same place. Participant 5: to make it easy since we BLET thought for example someone’s doing illegal, they always thought that it was BLET whose trying to catch them but when there’s a chance to talk to them they were listening even if it is not vulgar we are able to stop them and let them understand not to focus on that kind of work.  What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? Participant 6: dahil wala naman po kaming gaanong benepisyo. Kung halimbawa po kulang po, wala po kaming sapat na proteksyon. Sino po ang sasandalan namin Participant 5: wala kaming tatakbuhan dito si kapitan lamang Participant 4: kaya nagiging hamon sa amin para maprotektahan namin ng husto ang aming kapaligiran, lugar. Ang problema lang lumalabas na parang kalaban nila kami .Ngayon wala kaming pang suporta. Participant 2: e dati na yan mga dayo sa hindi ay talagang may nag iilegal. Kaya lang naeencounter kung aming makausap,” di namin tinututulan alam namin na bawal yan at kayo mismo ang nagsasabi sa aming mga kabarangay ninyo, pero ano naman ang masasabi ninyo at ano naman ang maibibigay nila sa amin na mga pangkabuhayan at mga pang araw araw para ibuhay namin sa aming pamilya, sa aming mga anak.” Kaya po mahirap ding sagutin. Basta ang nasasabi ko po bilang kabahagi din sa law enforcement ay pag usapan po namin na maiparating sa kinauukulan ang inyong mga hinaing. Di rin po kami nangangako bastat iparating din namin ang inyong mga hinaing sa amin. Basta po ang sa amin ipinaalam namin sa inyo na ito po ay talagang bawal at kung di natin titigilan, tayo rin po ang apektado pagdating ng araw. Pati mga saling lahi natin baka wala ng pambahay man o panggatong. Hanapbuhay pa rin ang kailangan Participant 6: Since we do not have enough benefits, like for example, we do not have enough protection who are we going to lean on? Participant 5: For whatever happened we can only run to our Captain, no one else. Participant 4: That’s why it has been a challenge for us in terms of protecting our forest and place. The problem is they look at us as a competition that’s why they cease to give us support. Participant 2: Even if they’re new there are people still doing illegal. We do not stop them though we know it’s prohibited and it’s you who told our community. But what can you give them for a living and for everyday support to their families especially to their children? I know it’s hard for you to answer. All I can say as a part of law enforcement is we want to tell the authorities about their issues. We can’t 55 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES also promise anything but we’ll make sure that your issues to us will reach to them. For us, we’ve let you know about the things that is prohibited and needed to stop, we are the one to be affected in the future even our generation, they might not have enough things to make for their house. 56 Bantay-Gubat (Foot Patrolers), Barangay Sta. Ines, Tanay RizaL General Information Name Gender Age Highest Grade/Level Completed Occupation/Main Source of Income Email Address/ Phone/Mobile Numbers Name of Organizations/ Associations Affiliated with 1. Rudy Tibon M 69 2. Myrna Bayon F 53 3. Joel Camacho M 48 4. Domenador Dela Cruz M 60 5. Rodrigo Sabaten M 75 6. Danilo Dela Rosa M 52 57 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  When was Bantay Gubat organized in your community? Was it organized through the B+WISER Project? Participant 2: dalawang taon na kami Participant 6: dalawang taon na,di na namin matandaan kung anong petsa, basta magtatatlong taon na kami Participant 6: MENRO po muna ang nagbuo Participant 5: sang taon na tayo sa B+WISER Participant 2: We are already 2 years. Participant 6: It has been 2 years, we couldn’t remember the date. We’re almost 3 years now. Participant 6: MENRO first build it. Participant 5: 1 year in B+WISER  How many members are you in your Bantay Gubat? How many men? How many women? If there are no women members, why? Participant 2: walo Participant 6: isang babae lang at pitong lalaki Participant 2: eight Participant 6: 1 female and 7 male  How many hectares or how big is the coverage of your Bantay Gubat or foot patrol? Participant 3: basta magmula po dito sa Sta. Ines hanggang Mt. Ere Participant 6: mga 1000 yata Participant 3: It starts here in Sta. Inez through Mt. Ere Participant 6: around 1000 hectares  Did you attend or participate in any ELE trainings organized by B+WISER project, e.g., LAWIN? Participant 6: meron na po Participant 6: We have.  What did you learn from these trainings? Participant 6: una po yung pag aaral namin dun sa GPS, tapos may gamit po kaming metro kung gaano kalayo yung dapat naming irecord sa GPS. Nitong nagtapos ginamitan na rin po kami ng GPS, yun pa rin po yung pag aaral na di pa namin natatapos .Baga nasa kalahatian pa lang kami. Participant 5: Ako naman po ay napasama po ako dun sa mga B+WISER nung umakyat kami, GPS din ang ginagamit naming Participant 2: Ang hawak namin GPS pero ako yung anak ko kasi mahina akong magpipindot. Nagsusukat yung anak ko, tapos naggagamit sya ng GPS sabay record.Tapos yung ibon pinipicturan nia. Participant 1: ung kamiy pumunta sa area, ang natutunan ko naman para sa akin, ako ang tagasulat niya Participant 6: First our study about GPS, then have a meter to measure the distance which we need to record in GPS. After it ends we are allowed to use GPS, that’s the study we haven’t finished. We’re just half way through it. Participant 5: I joined B+WISER when we went to the upper. We also use GPS. Participant 2: We use GPS. It was my kid who helped me use the GPS and then record the details. He took picture of a bird. Participant 1: When we go to the area. I keep the notes. 58 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings? Participant 6: katulad naming mga katutubo hindi naman kami sanay sa mga sulat sulat pero sa tulong nga ng B+WISER, unti unti naming natututunan kahit di kami nakapag aral ng mataas na paaralan.Dahil sila malinaw magturo Participant 5: natututo po Participant 2: kasama namin yung mga anak namin at apo. Participant 6: Like us, “katutubo” we are not used in writing but with the help of B+WISER we eventually learned writing even though we haven’t gone to school. They are good in teaching. Participant 5: We have learned. Participant 2: We learned together with our children and grand children.  As Bantay Gubat, do you have an enforcement plan or do you follow an enforcement plan? Participant 6: wala pa po, sa ngayon mam, bago pa lang kaming nagpaplano kasi. Dapat sana makaintindi muna yung patroller namin. Pag uusapan pa po namin kung kada isang buwan ba, 2 beses ba o isang buwan. Di pa po kami nagpupulong Participant 6: nothing for now ma’am. We are new in planning. The patroller first should understand. We’ll have a talk if it should be monthly or twice a month. We haven’t conducted meeting.  Who formulated the enforcement plan?  Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for the enforcement plan?  What enforcement operations do you perform? Participant 3: pinagbabawal namin magputol ng kahoy sa area namin. Isa pa dun yung pag uling. Participant 3: We prohibit illegal loggings in our area and charcoal making.  Were persons apprehended and subsequently penalized during your enforcement operations? Participant 2: meron na rin po Participant 6: may napagsabihan na po kami Participant 2: paala ala lang Participant 2: We’re already have Participant 6: We have told it to someone. Participant 2: just a reminder.  Do you keep records/logbook of violators and the penalty imposed on them? (Get copy or take a photograph of the entries in the logbook.) Participant 6: wala po kaming record inire-report lang namin sa barangay Participant 5: nasa barangay ang mga record Participant 6: We don’t have a record, we only report it directly to the barangay. Participant 5: The records are in the barangay.  Do you receive incentives or remuneration for performing your role as Bantay Gubat? Participant 1: meron naman kaming natatanggap na honorarium buwan buwan 500 Participant 1: We receive an honorarium of Php500 monthly.  Where does the remuneration come from? Who provides the incentives? Participant 2: sa munisipyo po Participant 6: wala pong galing sa B+WISER, bale ang counterpart nila e tumulong sa aming mga gawain, paano namin gagampanan Participant 3: B+WISER po nagbibigay ng allowance pag nag e-area kami. Participant 4: di po pare pareho minsan 200 ganun ang binibigay ng B+WISER. 59 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 2: In municipal office. Participant 6: Nothing came from B+WISER, it’s their counterpart who helps us in our works. Participant 3: B+WISER provided the allowances every time we go to the area. Participant 4: Not all are the same given from B+WISER, sometimes 200php.  Is the remuneration/incentive enough? Why? Participant 6: kung sa akin po, kung pagbabasehan natin yung kanyang kapasidad para sa aming trabaho ay kulang po talaga. Hinihiling namin na dapat hindi man katulad sa bayan sa trabaho, e parang doon na rin ang aming gawain medyo madagdagan naman ng kaunti. Hindi naman sasapat sa aming pangangailangan. Tapos kung magrereport kami halimbawa sa bayan o meron na kaming irereport kulang pa pong pamasahe. Participant 5: kulang rin po Participant 6: For me, base on the capacity for our work, it is not enough. We asked for a little increase. It is not enough for our needs. Then if we’re going to make a report in the city the fare is not enough. Participant 5: not enough  What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as Bantay Gubat? How did you solve them? Participant 3: wala pa po naman, yung pagputol ng kahoy, pag sinabihan po na ganun, yun na titigil na. Participant 3: Nothing so far. For illegal loggers, they’ll stop the moment we talked to them.  What challenge are faced in ELE/or being Bantay Gubat? Participant 3: may nakikita rin po kami, pero bagamat sa ganun parang mild lang naman yung hindi naman sya permanente. Pag napagsabihan na po namin, titigil na po Participant 3: We can still see some but it’s only mild. The moment we condemn them, they’ll stop. Forest Restoration and Livelihood Mainstream Gender and Inclusion Communication Campaigns 1. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. Participants 4, 3 & 5: wala pa pong galing sa B+WISER Participant 5: sa munisipyo at barangay, galing ang mga IEC Participants 4, 3 & 5: Nothing came from B+WISER Participant 5: IEC came from in municipal and barangay. 2. Are they are effective? In what way? Participant 5: natututo naman po siguro Participant 6: Opo, dahil dito naman po sa Sta Ines, mga tao po dito e, mababait naman po ang mga tao dito. Nadadala naman po sa pakiusap Participant 5: I guess we are learning. Participant 6: Yes, because people here in Sta. Ines are kind, they can easily talk to. 3. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? Participant 3: wala naman Participant 3: Nothing 4. How did you solve these problems? 5. What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? Additional Notes: Suggestions/Requests 1. Participant 6 – katulad po nung mga ilang itinuro nung B+WISER para sa pag aaral. Kung papaano namin matutunan an gaming trabaho. Ang hinihi;ing po namin sanay tuloy 60 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES tuloy nila kaming gabayan. DAhil mayron pa kaming hindi pa tapos na pag aaral yun nga pong sa tablet. Participant 6 – Just like what the B+WISER taught us on how to learn regarding our work. We only asked for one thing, to continue guiding us. We haven’t done studying about the tablet. 2. Participant 2 – mahirap magsulat din kasi maraming papel. Mas gusto kasi nila yung may tablet, dapat po maituloy at marami namang natututuhan Participant 2 – It’s hard to take down notes since we need a lot of papers. They like more the tablet. Hopefully it’ll continue since we learned a lot from there. 3. Participant 1 - sa B+WISER maganda, kasi marami kaming natutunan sa area. Ipagpatuloy lang nila para kami lalu lalawak yung kaalaman namin Participant 1 – In B+WISER it’s good because learned a lot in the area. We hope to continue because we gain knowledge. 4. Participant 5 – ipagpatuloy na lang po Participant 5 – To be continued 5. Participant 4 – Ipagpatuloy yung sa pagpapatrol para matutunan namin yung aming gawain Participant 4 – To continue monitoring with regards to our work. 6. Participant 3 – kami po palibhasa wala kaming kaalaman, sa tulong nila, sana poy maipagpatuloy nila, gaya po sa mga kagamitan na ginagamit sa itaas. Yan po yung dapat naming matutunan yung sa GPS, sa tablet. Sa tulong ng B+WISER. Participant 3 – Since we don’t have knowledge, with their help, hope they’ll continue that is what we need to learn. Like for example the things that needed to the upper. About GPS and tablet with the help of B+WISER. 7. Participant 6 – Ang isa pong pinakamagandang ginawa ng B+WISER, sa amin pong mga katutubo. Inalok po nila kami ng samahan. Magbuo kami ng samahan at kamiy kanilang gagabayan. Kung kayo po ay makakaugnayan ninyo ang B+WISER, di naman kayo tagahatid balita namin, kami poy nakikisuyo sa inyo. Sapagkat may listahan na po kaming ibinigay dun sa B+WISER. Participant 6 – One good thing that the B+WISER has done for us “katutubo” is they invited us in a group. We formed a group and they’ll be helping us. 61 Tulungan sa Kabuhaya ng Calawis, Inc., (TKCI) Barangay Calawis, Antipolo City Neme Gender Age Highest Grade/Level Completed Occupation/Main Source of Income Email Address/ Phone/Mobile Numbers Name of Organizations/ Associations Affiliated with 1. Virginia Banaga F 45 secretarial Farmer Tksc.inc_virgie@yshoo.com.ph Tulungan sa Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 2. Mina H. Pedregosa F 49 High school Farmer Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 3. Mary Jane D. Cruz F 31 Farmer Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 4. Maricar S. Zapanta F 25 High school Farmer Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 5. Vilma M. Patino F 43 Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 6. Emily M. Vallo F Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 62 Neme Gender Age Highest Grade/Level Completed Occupation/Main Source of Income Email Address/ Phone/Mobile Numbers Name of Organizations/ Associations Affiliated with 7. Criza P. Bueno F 24 vocational Farmer Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 8. Aida Doroteo F Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 9. Marissa H. Custodio F 40 High school Farmer Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 10. Ma. Cristine Pedregoza F 24 High school Farmer Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 11. Rino Sipe M 25 High school Farmer Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 12. Loreto Bueno M 27 Farmer Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 13. Joey Francisco M Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 14. Maximo G. dela Pena M 25 Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc 15. Judy Sarain M 51 Tulungan a Kabuhayan ng Calawis, Inc FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement Forest Restoration and Livelihood  Are you a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Participant 2: yung iba po, hindi lahat ng member Participant 5: meron po Participant 1: sa ano namin ang partnership lang namin sa B+WSER, sila po ay kukuha sa amin ng pananim na itatanim nila, sana doon sa San isiro, pero lately nalaman namin yung information na 4P’s po pala, sila po pala ang magtatanim nung binayaran sa aming halaman. Yun palang po ang naging partnership namin ng B+WSER, yung sa seedling production. Pero hindi po dumaan sa samahan, nagkataon po na member sila ng 4P’s Participant 2: Just the others, not all the members. Participant 2: We have Participant 1: We have partnership with the B+WISER, we will provide them the seedlings that they will plant, hopefully in San Isidro but lately we have learned the information that the 4P’s will plant those seedlings that the B+WISER bought from us. That is the first partnership we had with them.  Have you put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. Participant 1: meron po kami, pero hindi po under ng B+WSER. Kami po ay nasa ilalim ng, ang kapartner po namin ay PBSP (Philippine Business Social Progress) at saka po DENR. Meron ding kaming under ng Smart, volunteers kami itong taong ito. Pero nung nakaraang taon ay FPEcube, 2011 to 2013, 66.25 hectares. Participant 1: We have but it is not under the B+WISER. We are under PBSP (Philippine Business Social Progress) and the DENR. We also have members that are under the Smart. We are volunteers for this year. Last year is FPEcube 2011 and 2013. 66.25 hectares.  What are the livelihood projects introduced in your Participant 1: wala po sa B+WISER yung nabanggit ko po kanina seedling production lang po, kinuhaan kami ngayon taon na to. Bale kami po ay nagpunla, binayaran naman po kami ng B+WSER 63 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES community in support to forest restoration activities? Participant 1: What I have said before are not in B+WISER, just seedling production. We plant trees and has been paid by the B+WISER.  Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? USAID po yata o yung B+WSER. Pumunta po sila,pina ano sa akin yung mga dokumento, ok naman po .Lahat ready na, kaya lang po nung nag uusap kami at nag final, parang nagvalidate sila , ang kondisyon po kasi nilang gustong, mangyari dun sa 10 hectares , nagkaroon po kami ng maayos na presyuhan sa tie prep, sa presyo ng halaman, maintenance. Ang gusto po nia kasi 25 years sa contract. Hindi ko po kaya bilang pangulo, hindi ko po kayang icommit yung ganung katagal na wala po silang pondong ibibigay. Hindi ko po kayang magpatrabaho ng wala po akong ibibigay na konting pasahod dun sa mga taong magtatrabaho. Umatras po ako. I guess it’s between USAID and B+WISER. They went here for a help for their papers. It’s all set and we finalize it but suddenly they need to validate it. And when they validated it, they want something happen about the 10 hectares. We had a good pricing in tie prep about the price of the plants, and the maintenance. They want the contract to lasts for 25 years, I cannot afford to agree. Being a president I cannot commit with that long duration without a sure fund. It doesn’t have an assurance for the worker’s wages. So I decided to back off.  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges that you faced in your forest restoration activities? Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by the women’s group in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Participant 5: meron po sa training. tinuruang gumawa ng project proposal Participants 9 & 6: wala sa B+WISER Participants 1, 11 & 5: merong forest restoration na ginawa ng DENR. We were taught of making project proposal in the training. Participant 5: We have Participants 9 & 6: nothing in B+WISER Participants 1, 11 & 5: There is a forest restoration that the DENR made.  Are these activities effective? Please explain. Participant 6: sobrang effective Participant 2: effective Participant 10: kasi po sa amin katulad po nung sa rainbow po namin ako po yung head, parang ako po yung nagdidistribute sa lahat , kung ano ang gagawin,ang leader po kasi ay babae pagdating sa area. Ok naman po kasi maganda naman po yung naging resulta sa area namin Participant 6: so effective Participant 2: effective Participant 10: I am the Head of the rainbow, I was in charge for the distribution. It’s nice because the result is good to our area.  In what other activities these women are tapped? Participant 1: pagtatanim po, mga kababaihan kasama yan.Kasama po sila sa nagtatabas, magiistrip brushing Participant 10: pag dito lang po sa mismong barrio kami nagtatrabaho almost, minsan po & 70% yung mga babae, 30%. Pag dun po kami sa NGP site na malalayo nag 50-50% Participant 1: meron po, pagka nagkaroon nga po ng pagbaha dito nagkakaroon po kami ng operation linis. Tumutulong po ang grupo namin sa community lalu na sa mga nababarang tulay, katuwang po kami sa community service. 64 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 10: meron po kaming konting livelihood yung paggawa namin ng chips , mas lamang din po yung mga kababaihan Participant 1: Planting. Women do strip brushing and cropping. Participant 10: If we are working here in the neighborhood sometimes almost 70% are women. In NGP site about 50%. Participant 1: We have. Every time there’s a flood we have an operation linis. Our helped the community esp. for those clogged drainage. Participant 10: We have a livelihood like making of chips.  Any problem encountered in gender mainstreaming activities? What are these? Participant 11: wala naman , mas madaling pakinggan pag babae Participant 1: meron po, kasi kung mabibigat ang gawain at majority ang kababaihan hindi kayang gawain talaga mga babae. Kung baga po kahit kami ay lumalamang ang kababaihan, kailangan talaga namin na lamang ang lalaki pag sa mabigat na gawain.Sa karapatan parehas e, pero sa mabigat iba yung kaya ng abbae at iba yung kaya ng kalalakihan Participant 11: Nothing. Participant 1: Yes, Women can’t do a very hard work but men do. We have equal rights for both women and men.  How did you solve these problems? Participant 1: bilang ako na pangulo nga nila, katulad ng paggawa ng aming bahay pulungan. Magpapalabas po naman kami, magbigay naman po ng konting pakunswelo. Lamang ang kalalakihan ang mga babae nag aasist lang meri merienda na lang tayo, kasi magaan naman yung trabaho natin, mabigyan nating ng pakunswelo yung mga lalaki. Ganun naman po yung treatment namin sa mga kalalakihan kasi kakaunti nga po sila. Naiintindihan naman ng mga babae dahil sa pagbubuhat ng sobrang mabibigat , hindi naman namin kaya talaga yun, yun naman po para sa kanila talaga Participant 1: Being their president, for example building our office. Men do the works in building it, women assist us by making “meriendas”. That is how we treat them since they’re few compared to women. Women understand it since we cannot lift those heavy materials.  What are the challenges that you faced in gender mainstreaming activities? Participant 12: challenge talaga, minsan nagkakabangga, paano namin maayos ang pinagtatalunan namin. Participant 1: ang isang hamon po namin sa DENR po namin iaaddress na sana kung kukuha sila ng bantay gubat e iyon pong naging kapartner nila na nakapagtanim ng malaking area. Bantay gubat po para mismong pagmiminti yun mismo ang kuhain, pakikipag ugnayan doon sa nagpuputol ng kahoy, nag –uuling. E yung pakikipag usap, unang una kaikilala. Participant 1: yun po ang isa sa pinakamalaking challenge sa amin, magkaroon talaga kami ng sapat na livelihood o pangkabuhayan .Yung tuloy tuloy po para yung miembro din a aali, maghahanap ng trabaho sa labas. 65 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 12: It is really a challenge, sometimes they end up fighting. How can we help each other? Participant 1: Another is with the DENR. We suggest that if they hire a bantay gubat it should be from their partners who know and help us with the planting of trees. Someone who can talk to loggers and charcoal maker. Participant 1: That is one of our biggest challenge, to have enough livelihood. Communication Campaigns  Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. Participant 1 – wala pa naman sa aming naibigay. Meron nabigay sa atin nung nagtraining pero hindi sya nakapasok ng ganoon dito sa community. Participant 1: We haven’t been given anything. We have received something from the training but it didn’t easily enter the community.  Are they are effective? In what way?  Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? 66 Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park Eco Rangers from San Mariano High School FGD QUESTIONS RESPONSES When was Bantay Gubat/EcoRangers organized in your community? Was it organized through the B+WISER Project? How many members are you in your Bantay Gubat/Eco Rangers? How many men? How many women? If there are no women members, why? How many hectares or how big is the coverage of your Bantay Gubat/Eco Rangers or foot patrol? -According to Alexis Kriza and Bhendrinn, Eco Rangers members were organized in their community on July 2014 through B+WISER. -Ma’am Lorna mentions that they merged Eco Ranger members from the community with YES-O members from San Mariano National High School as suggested by Ma’am Josephine (Principal of the School) for they have same function with a total of Four Hundred plus Eco Rangers. Seventy five percent of them were women and Twenty five percent are Men. - Eco Rangers located along the river named Pinakanawan River only because some areas were private owners but they are thinking of expansion on the nearest river which is Minanga, Old and Kasala River. Did you attend or participate in any ELE trainings organized by B+WISER project, e.g., LAWIN? What did you learn from these trainings? - Alexis Kriza and Bhendrinn attended ELE Trainings twice organized by B+WISER at San Victoria Hotel and Limah Joy Hotel in Ilagan, Isabela where they discuss about Biodiversity and Watershed Conservation but most on 67 FGD QUESTIONS RESPONSES What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings? prioritizing Biodiversity seen in their Community especially around Sierra Madre. It benefits them with more knowledgeable on biodiversity and enhancing their skills on conserving natural biodiversity. As Bantay Gubat/Eco Ranger, do you have an enforcement plan or do you follow an enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for the enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Were persons apprehended and subsequently penalized during your enforcement operations? Do you keep records/logbook of violators and the penalty imposed on them? (Get copy or take a photograph of the entries in the logbook.) -The two representative member of Eco Ranger said that they don’t have Enforcement Plan. -B+WISER are willing to support them. -No answer on the following question. Do you receive incentives or remuneration for performing your role as Bantay Gubat/ Eco Ranger? Where does the remuneration come from? Who provides the incentives? Is the remuneration/incentive enough? Why? -None What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as Bantay Gubat /Eco Ranger? How did you solve them? -Lack of funds was the reason on why they can’t perform any activities. What challenge are faced in ELE/or being Bantay Gubat/ Eco Ranger? -Eco Rangers sacrificing their time or days (Saturday, Sunday and Holiday) to perform activities like tree planting. 68 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  When was Bantay Kalikasan Brigade organized in your community? Was it organized through the B+WISER Project?  How many members are you in your Bantay Kalikasan Brigade? How many men? How many women? If there are no women members, why?  How many hectares or how big is the coverage of your Bantay Kalikasan Brigade? -The Bantay Kalikasan was organized since 2006 by LGU’s but in 2013, B+WISER have the counterpart to them. There were Fourteen Male and Two Female (Data Manager under SMART LAWIN) a total of 16 members of Bantay Kalikasan Brigade around Divilacan with 89,202 hectare.  Did you attend or participate in any ELE trainings organized by B+WISER project, e.g., LAWIN?  What did you learn from these trainings?  What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings? -According to their Leader, he attended Trainings/Seminar thrice in Pavillion, Divilacan. They formulate Forest Management Plan (FMU), how to use the Tablet and How to do monthly reports on Forest Management. B+WISER gives the participants rain boots (5), rain coats (5), tent (2), sleeping bags (5), flashlights (5), power bank (1) and Three Tablets FGD with the Bantay Kalikasan Brigade in Divilican 69 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  Bantay Kalikasan Brigade, do you have an enforcement plan or do you follow an enforcement plan?  Who formulated the enforcement plan?  Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for the enforcement plan?  What enforcement operations do you perform?  Were persons apprehended and subsequently penalized during your enforcement operations?  Do you keep records/logbook of violators and the penalty imposed on them? (Get copy or take a photograph of the entries in the logbook.) -They have Enforcement Plan which is Monitoring and Patrolling formulated by Bantay Kalikasan Brigade Leader during the said Trainings with support (Technical) of B+WISER. They monitor and patrol with the used of the tablets (ex. Patrolling with the use of the Tablet which monitoring if there were Illegal Loggers, Illegal catching of Wild Animals, Illegal Fishing and violators on Kaingin. If anyone violates, Bantay Kalikasan Brigade submit the names to the DENR office.  Do you receive incentives or remuneration for performing your role as Bantay Kalikasan Brigade?  Where does the remuneration come from? Who provides the incentives?  Is the remuneration/incentive enough? Why? -LGU office was giving them Honorarium (150 pesos/ person) but not enough for them.  What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as Bantay Kalikasan Brigade? How did you solve them? -Violators were those people in their community which is the main problem for them; sometimes it involves political mostly higher position within the Municipality. -Not enough basic equipment’s like raincoats, rain gears, rain boots, tents, tools and medicine kits.  What challenge are faced in ELE/or being Bantay Kalikasan Brigade? -It’s a big challenge for them as Bantay Kalikasan Brigade in performing activities mostly protecting marines and forest without Security/ Insurance provided by B+WISER. Communication Campaigns  Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. -They raised Billboards (tarpaulin) given by B+WISER during the trainings.  Are they are effective? In what way? -As member of the Bantay Kalikasan Brigade, their Information Education Campaign (IEC) Activities were effective because it was easy for people to read.  Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? -Lack of funds to conduct community seminars on the part of B+WISER projects.  How did you solve these problems? - They do verbal (face to face) information dissemination.  What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? - It’s a challenge for them if the violator was their own/nearest relative. 70 FLORA Agro Forest Association FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Forest Restoration and Livelihood  Are you a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? -None  Have you put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. -They have forest restoration projects which are Nursery (Rattan), Mangrove Propagated, and Coconut Plantation and proposed Fruit Trees.  What are the livelihood projects introduced in your community in support to forest restoration activities? -None  Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? -Cutting trees without consent from the Association and DENR which made them miscommunication because the issue is members were also violators.  How did you solve these problems? -One cut/damage trees is equivalent to 30 potted seedlings -Have permit to Barangay Captain before cut tree.  What are the challenges that you faced in your forest restoration activities? -The said Association was afraid in imposing penalties to violators because of political/high profile person involvement. Communication Campaigns  Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. -None  Are they are effective? In what way?  Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? 71 Forest Guard Volunteers of Maconacon and Divilacan FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  When was Forest Guard Volunteers organized in your community? Was it organized through the B+WISER Project?  How many members are you in your Forest Guard Volunteers? How many men? How many women? If there are no women members, why?  How many hectares or how big is the coverage of your Forest Guard Volunteers? - The Forest Guard Volunteers (FGVs) was been organized by B+WISER since March 2015. - There were thirty two members from Maconacon FGVs (male-23, female-9) and fifty eight members from Divilacan FGVs (male-53, female-5) with a total of ninety FGVs. - A total of 28,000 Hectare coverage of FGVs from Maconacon.  Did you attend or participate in any ELE trainings organized by B+WISER project, e.g., LAWIN?  What did you learn from these trainings?  What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings? - Some of Maconacon Guard Volunteers Attended Trainings, Seminars and Orientation in Divilacan. - Orientation on SMART LAWIN on how to use the TABLET (for example how to identify/Classify Birds based on their sounds and also on how to Classify different kinds of Trees. - The said Trainings benefits with the given information about Environmental Law Enforcement considering also that during the first training conducted by 72 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES B+WISER they provide food allowance for the participants.  As Forest Guard Volunteers, do you have an enforcement plan or do you follow an enforcement plan?  Who formulated the enforcement plan?  Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for the enforcement plan?  What enforcement operations do you perform?  Were persons apprehended and subsequently penalized during your enforcement operations?  Do you keep records/logbook of violators and the penalty imposed on them? (Get copy or take a photograph of the entries in the logbook.) - Maconacon Forest Guard Volunteers don’t have an enforcement plan but they create Monitoring and Patrolling Plan during their Training/Orientation conducted by B+WISER in Divilacan which is a continuous operation activities they perform Twice a month. Thus, they don’t get any support from B+WISER so they provide individually their needs technically and financially (own pocket) only to perform the said activities. - SMART LAWIN used their tablets to detect persons who violates and pass it to Maconacon DENR office for investigation and whatever penalty imposed for them.  Do you receive incentives or remuneration for performing your role as Forest Guard Volunteers?  Where does the remuneration come from? Who provides the incentives?  Is the remuneration/incentive enough? Why? - They don’t receive any incentives or remuneration in returns for them being a Forest Guard Volunteers.  What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as Forest Guard Volunteers? How did you solve them? - FGVs main problem is budget. - Lack of money for transportation and food during their monitoring and patrolling activities only they do is to provide from their own pocket. - As SMART LAWIN, they have given four tablets by B+WISER but the problem was some of the tablets were hanging especially when they were up at the mountain only they do is to go down and borrow other tablet from their co￾volunteers. Some of the Volunteers were not fully oriented in using the SMART LAWIN tablet. - They don’t have enough basic equipment like medicine kits, flashlights and rain gears.  What challenge are faced in ELE/or being Forest Guard Volunteers? - The Forest Guard Volunteers were doing their best in performing activities by thanking B+WISER on giving them a chance to improve biodiversity in their area but their Security is always a challenge for them where they don’t have enough Insurance whatever accidents/incidents happens. Communication Campaigns Response  Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. - Under Information Education Campaign, they have given by B+WISER a posters (kinds and names of Birds) and Billboards about Forest protection written penalties for Violators during the Training.  Are they are effective? In what way? - Yes it was effective for them because violators were minimized.  Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? - They don’t have any problems in their IEC  How did you solve these problems? 73 Mainstream Gender and IP Inclusion (NCIP) FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSE Environmental Law Enforcement When was NCIP organized in your community? Was it organized through the B+WISER Project? How many members are you in your NCIP? How many men? How many women? If there are no women members, why? How many hectares or how big is the coverage of your NCIP area? - According to Atty. Ballesteros their NCIP was organized last year 2014 - They don’t know about the hectares of their NCIP area because it was an Ancestral Domain (Maconacon, Divilacan and San Mariano District 2.) Did you attend or participate in any ELE trainings organized by B+WISER project, e.g., LAWIN? What did you learn from these trainings? What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings? - None As IP’s, do you have an enforcement plan or do you follow an enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for the enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Were persons apprehended and subsequently penalized during your enforcement operations? Do you keep records/logbook of violators and the penalty imposed on them? (Get copy or take a photograph of the entries in the logbook.) - No Idea Do you receive incentives or remuneration for performing your role as IP’s? Where does the remuneration come from? Who provides the incentives? Is the remuneration/incentive enough? Why? - No Idea What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as IP’s? How did you solve them? - No Idea What challenge are faced in ELE/or being IP’s? - The awareness of the IP’s in the community on the B+WISER project/program. Forest Restoration and Livelihood Are you a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? - No idea  What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? - None because people are friendly 74 Mainstream Gender and IP Inclusion (NCIP) FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSE Have you put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. - They have Flora Agroforestation Association in Reyna Mercedes, Maconacon wherein they have Nursery, Mangrove Propagated, Coconut Plantation and Fruit Trees. What are the livelihood projects introduced in your community in support to forest restoration activities? - They have sustainable livelihood production, tiger grass production and rattan gathering. Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? - Mr. Manahan says that IP’s members got hesitant in planting trees/ product because of land grabbing and unpaid wage. Ancestral domain is a big issue for them because there’s no assurance for them if they own in returns what they plant most especially after the B+WISER project/program. How did you solve these problems? - New Consultation on the ground. What are the challenges that you faced in your forest restoration activities? - Discrimination on IP’s (ex. They prefer people from lowlands to work instead of them.) - Coordination with the implementing agency’s. - Political Figures (ex. one of the IP were been pointed with a gun) Mainstream Gender and Inclusion What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by the women’s group in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? - Atty. says that Ma’am Ellen NCIP Gender Inclusion specialist tackled formation of regional people’s organization special attention to women’s group and if possible, upon formation of the group for proposal if they come up for funding and so far B+WISER will help the said organization but its more on technical support. Their involvement only to B+WISER was only on Consultation because after implementation they never get feedback or follow up from B+WISER. - Women’s have their traditional way of protecting their forest and they called “GAY-GAY System” using ropes. Are these activities effective? Please explain. - For them, it was effective but not for the outsiders. In what other activities these women are tapped? - They have identified women’s group for rattan gathering in Flora Agroforestation in Maconacon during the consultation between Ma’am Ellen and Ma’am Flora. Any problem encountered in gender mainstreaming activities? What are these? - Threats on their security. How did you solve these problems? - File a case through CENRO What are the challenges that you faced in gender mainstreaming activities? Communication Campaigns Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. - They don’t have any IEC Activities. 75 Mainstream Gender and IP Inclusion (NCIP) FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSE Are they are effective? In what way? Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems? What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? 76 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSE Forest Restoration and Livelihood Are you a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? - According to Mr. Samuel Divina they are not a recipient of the said partnership. Have you put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. - Yes they had put up forest restoration in their area. It consist of 4 Forest Management Plan (FMU’s): a. Agro Forest (2013) b. Fruit Bearing Trees (2014) FGD with the officers and members of Sitio Maguli Marginal Farmers Producers Cooperative (SMMFPC), Forest Restoration Initiatives at Antagan I, Tumauini, Isabela 77 FGD GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSE c. Tree Planting (2015) d. Fuel Wood Planting (planning for 2016) What are the livelihood projects introduced in your community in support to forest restoration activities? - They don’t have Livelihood projects that were introduced in their community. Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? - Delay of Salaries or Allowance so it affects their performance in doing or accomplishing their activities. - Climate change (El Niño, Rainy season) affects Timing on their activities - Burning of newly planted Trees by the violators - The project is very short term for them How did you solve these problems? - Allowance should be given weekly. - In terms of Climate change, they can perform their activities by timing depends on the weather. - The names of person who violate will be turn over to Barangay Hall Issues from the part of Park Volunteers and Foot Patrollers:  According to Mr. Samuel Divina Head of Park Volunteers in their area they get Low response from DENR when they report that one of their Park volunteer was hit by Illegal Loggers. Suggestions of SMMFPC members:  Additional Allowance, Insurance, Benefits in terms of Livelihood both men and women from DENR or B+WISER.  Additional Funds for Forest restoration Activities not only on maintenance.  Continuity of the project Greatest Impression from B+WISER  The Cooperative members Idolize B+WISER for the given programs/project Communication Campaigns Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. - According to Mr. Samuel, yes they have brochures, print materials and signage’s given by DENR through the B+WISER projects written in Ilocano and Tagalog. Are they are effective? In what way? -Yes it was effective for them but they can’t please political involvement. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? -People in their community don’t appreciate their IEC activities. How did you solve these problems? -Trainings should be conducted in their community (Awareness on the program/projects) by higher officials (DENR or B+WISER) What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? -the distance from their residence to the mountain area is far and some roads were not passable. 78 Mt. Apo Natural Park Central Mindanao Colleges, Kidapawan City QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the name of your organization? How many members? (Unsay ngalan sa inyong organization. Pila ang miembro?) Participant 8: Center for Social Action. Currently, there are a lot because there are different programs, each program has volunteers. This involvement is not only among students but parents as well. Participant 8: Center for Social Action. Sa pagka karon, daghan man ni sila kay naa man guy different programs, kada program naay volunteers. Ang involvement dili lang ang mga students, apil napud ang mga parents. 2. What specifically is the involvement of students? Unsay involvement sa mga studyante? Participant 1: One is the Tree-volution. The objective is to beat India in just one hour in planting trees. Participant 2: In our zero-waste activity in Kidapawan we did tree-planting in Amas during Harbor Day. Participant 3: We cleaned up during the National Clean-up Day. Participant 4: Agreed to response of participant #2. Participant 5: Agreed to all responses. Participant 6: Eco-camping participation. We facilitated high school and college students here in Kidapawan. On the last day we had a tree-planting activity and held Mr. & Ms. Eco-camp pageant. Participant 7: We visited the tree that we planted. Participant 8: Actually, we visited the tree we planted and this activity was sponsored by USAID thru B+WISER program, June this year. They were the one who provided us the seedlings. There is an area there (Mt. Apo) that we adopted and we are just waiting for formal declaration of it because they contribute hugely to us in this kind our program. Participant 1: Ang isa pud ang Tree-volution. Yung objective is ma beat yung Indai sa 1 hour lang na pagtanim ng puno. Participant 2: Sa aming zero waste activity in Kidapawan nag tree planting kami sa Amas during Harbor Day. Participant 3: Naglinins kami noong National Clean-up Day. Participant 4: Agreed to response of participant #2. Participant 5: Agreed to all responses. Participant 6: Eco-camping participation. Nag facilitate mi ug high school ug college students dire sa Kidapawan. Sa last day nagkaroon kami ng tree planting and we held a Mr. & Ms. Eco-camp. Participant 7: Binisita naming yung tree na na plant namin. Participant 8: Actually, we visited the tree we planted and this activity was sponsored by USAID thru B+WISER program, June this year. Sila ang nagbigay ng seedlings sa amin. Naay area didto (Sa Mt. Apo) nga gi adopt namo ug amo nalang gi hulat ang formal declaration ani kay dako man kaayo sila ug ikatabang sa amo ani nga mga programa. 3. When was your partnership with B+WISER started? Participant 8: It started during Eco-camp. I have a friend and noticed the program in the school and recommended to me the B+WISER to partner with. I submitted a proposal and among the least they saw the need and they commit seedlings, transportation and food for the children. It did not stop there up until the tree-planting activity. It began in August of 2014. They asked for (our) plans wherein they can intervene to possibly partnering with us and have made assessment. There are also times when they tap the City Government to join in their activity. They have several partners like DENR and so they tap us to them to participate (in the activities.) 79 Central Mindanao Colleges, Kidapawan City QUESTIONS RESPONSES Kanus a nag sugod ang inyong partnership sa B+WISER? Unsay gipangayo sa inyo pagsugod? Participant 8: Nagsugod sa Eco-camp. I have a friend nga nakita niya ang programa sa school ug gi recommend sa ako ang B+WISER nga makig partner. Nag submit ko ug proposal and among the least nakita nila ug nag commit sila nga sila ang nag gasto sa seedlings, sakyanan ug pagkaon sa mga bata. Dili lang nahunong didto hangtud ang pagtanum sa mga kahoy. Nag sugod August of 2014. Nangayo sila ug plans wherein they can intervene nga possible maging partner namo. Unya gi assess sad nila. Naa puy time nga gina tap pud nila ang City Government to join sa ilang activity. Daghan man sila partner, partner with DENR gina tap lang mi nila to participate. 4. Did you attend or participate in any capacity building training pertaining to NRM (natural resource management) Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? Nakatambong ba kamo ug mga pagbansay kalabot sa pagdumala sa mga kahinguhaan sa kinaiyahan? Kinsa ang naghatag sa pagbansay ug unsa kadugay kini gipahigayon? Participant 1: Regarding on Eco-camp we had a lecture on how to care for our nature. We got oriented about it. Participant 2: That Eco-camp we were in groups and each group assigned by color and we’re given on what are ways to care for the environment. 5days training initiated by DENR. Participant 3: The same experience with participant #1. Participant 4: Have not attended any training. Participant 5: During the Tree-volution (Tree planting project competition). We were oriented how to plant rapidly to beat the record of India. Participant 6: Agreed to the same experiences with participants # 1 & 2. Participant 7: NRM is part of the policy. All need to render (service) in the activity because this is part of the policy. I have attended CSR training - Corp Social Restoration. This was a convention for 3days in Manila and Thailand. Participant 8: The one who is not around participated the training with DENR – Kidapawan solid waste to support Mt Apo. We sent a representative. I delegated the activities to the students to give opportunities to the young ones. The training was assisted different entities. There’s DENR, from MKWD and also B+WISER. Participant 1: Regarding sa Eco-camp nag lecture kami how to care for our nature. I-norient po kami don. Participant 2: Yung eco-camp by group kami every color gihatagan kami kung unsa mga pamaagi pag care sa environment. 5days ang training initiated by DENR. Participant 5: Yung sa Tree-volution. I-norient po kami pano mag tanim nang mabilis para ma beat yung record ng India. Participant 7: Ang NRM part sya ng policy. Lahat mag-render sa activity kasi part siya ng policy. I have attended CSR training - Corp Social Restoration. This was a convention for 3days in Manila and Thailand. Participant 8: Yung isa wala dito naka participate sya training with DENR – Kidapawan solid waste to support Mt Apo. Nagpadala kami ng representative. I delegated the activities to the students to give opportunities to the young ones. Ang training was assisted ng iba iba. May DENR, MKWD and B+WISER. 5. What did you learn from the trainings? Participant 1: First, I learned that we should take care of nature because it’s the one that gives us what we need. One of those is the water that we drink from the damp site of Brgy Perez and they supply us with clean water. Participant 2: There is a need to plant trees in the mountain because here in Cabacan river is already flooding. Participant 3: In planting a tree it should be done in the right way where plastic must be removed. Participant 4: Logging must be prohibited. When cutting down trees this should be replaced in double for the sake of our environment. Participant 5: We should take care of our environment because if we won’t care enough it will then just go back to us. We need to plant trees to protect us. Participant 6: We must protect the environment because it’s better to have a peaceful environment than dirty one. 80 Central Mindanao Colleges, Kidapawan City QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 7: Agreed to each student response. Participant 8: Agreed to each student response. 6. What benefits did you get? Unsay mga kaayuhan ang imong nakuha sa pagbansay? Participant 1: It has become my motivation to plant more trees to protect us for future typhoon. Participant 2: We should give importance to what we have learned and put it into practice. Participant 3: In the seminar, you will observe who are those people and there are really people willing to help for the environment and that you plant not only for yourself, you think of other people, and your family because everyone will be affected all over the world if the environment is gone. Participant 4: We should plant trees and teach the young people so when time comes we’re gone they will know how to plant in the same way teach (coming generation) to sustain the beauty of our environment. Participant 5: To be more responsible enough to take care of our environment. Participant 6: Because of the seminar I became close to the environment. Participant 7: For me, the training helped us, you should know what you should do, should be aware why you’re doing it. We are the one who are in dire need of the environment and we need to let the young people be aware of it. Participant 8: It is a challenge for me to contribute and continue or sustain what has been started. It is a challenge for me to do more. Participant 1: Naging motivation ko ay magtanim ng maraming puno para mag protekta sa darating ng bagyo. Participant 2: Dapat pud hatagan ng halaga kung ano yung na learn natin at e apply natin. Participant 3: Didto sa seminar, makita nimo kung kinsa tong mga tawo nga naa ug willing gyud motabang para sa environment nga magtanom ka dili lang para sa imong kaugalingon isipon nimo ang uban tawo ug imong pamilya kay dili lang kita ang maapektohan kun dili tibook kalibotan kung wala ang environment. Participant 4: Dapat magtanom ta ug puno para itudlo pud nato sa kabataan para pag abot sa panahon kita mangawala man gyud ta kabalo pud sila magtanum ug sila pud ug magtudlo para mapatuloy ang kanindot sa atong environment. Participant 5: To be more responsible enough to take care of our environment. Participant 6: Because of the seminar napalapit ako sa environment. Participant 7: Sa akin lang nakakatulong yung training sa atin, kailangan mo alam mo kung ano ang dapat mong gawin, kailangan maging aware ka kung bakit mo sya ginagawa. Tayo ang nangangailangan sa environment at dapat nating ipaalam natin sa mga kabataan. Participant 8: It is a challenge for me to contribute and continue or sustain what has been started. It is a challenge for me to do more. 7. What is the present status of your forest area? Participant 1: The Mt. Apo, according to my cousin there’s a portion that there are no more trees. Participant 2: I heard that there is more garbage collected because garbage is just being left behind. The level of garbage is increasing now. Participant 3: It is not so bald but there are land cracks that may cause landslide. Participant 4: I’ve never been to Mt. Apo but there are still many tourists who go there and there is still plenty of beautiful scenery and it’s clean. Participant 5: The trees are not so closely distanced. There is a lot of empty space. Participant 6: It’s still okay but we really need to take action. Participant 7: To compare it in our time, the garbage (now) is everywhere. 81 Central Mindanao Colleges, Kidapawan City QUESTIONS RESPONSES Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan? Participant 8: I haven’t climb to Mt. Apo yet but based on the announcements, part of its promotion maybe is for commercial purpose. Participant 1: Sa Mt. Apo, according to my cousin may area na walay nay kahoy. Participant 2: Sa naririnig ko mas marami daw mga basura nga kolekta kay ginapang bilin lang ang basura karon. Gataas ang level sa basura karon. Participant 3: Di ra kaayo kalbo pero naay ga bi ak bi ak nga yuta nga pwede maka landslide. Participant 4: Wala pa ko ka adto sa Mt. Apo pero daghan pa tourist ga adto ug daghan pa nindot makita ug limpyo. Participant 5: Dili na kaayo sikit sikit ang mga puno. Daghan na ug space. Participant 6: Okay pa pero kailangan gyud nato mo take ug action. Participant 7: E compare sa time namin yung basura kahit saan. Participant 8: Wala pa ko naka saka sa Mt. Apo pero based sa mga announcements gina promote ni nila siguro part pud nga maka income pud ni siya. 8. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? Aduna ba kamoy programa sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan sa inyong komunidad? Participant 8: We have Solid Waste Management Program. We have area in Bongolanon thru the partnership of Magpet Tourism declared partnership with CMC where we conduct our tree-planting. There is an assigned person who checks it. I don’t have the papers yet but the one running it is B+WISER and Magpet (Tourism Office), they get to invite me. The location where we planted (trees) is our adapted area of CMC. The MOA signing just will follow due lack of time. The activity (transpired) is thru communication letter only. Participant 8: Meron kaming Solid Waste Management program. Naa mi area sa Bongolanon nga partnership sa Magpet Tourism nga declared siya nga partnership with CMC nga didto mi nagatanom. Naay tao nga naga check. Wala pa lang koy papel pero ang gapadagan ani niya ang B+WISER ug Magpet, invited lang ko nila. Kato ang gitamnan namo mao among adapated area sa CMC. Ang MOA signing mo follow lang kay wala pay time. Ang activity thru communication letter lang. 9. Have you participated in any enforcement activities relative to your environmental management program of your forest resources? Nakaapil ka ba mo sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagdumala kalabot sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan? Participant 8: Personally, the school has limited activities because we know the fact that we cannot directly send our students due to a lot of restrictions being observed, currently, fieldtrips are strictly imposed on so it is really limited. In our part, we are dependent on initiators that are available because we are busy and we lack budget and if there is an activity like with DENR, we are willing to send someone to participate. So as of now, we don’t have an enforcement activity. Participant 8: Personally, ang school kasi we have this limited lang activities because we know the fact that we cannot directly send our students kay daghan kaayo ug bawal, karon strikto kaayo bawal ang mga fieldtrips so limited lang talaga. Sa amo nga part naga depende pud mi kung naay mga initiators kay busy kaayo mi ug kulang among budget kay kami kung naay activity para anang sa DENR, willing gyud mi magpadala. So sa karon wala gyud mi enforcement activity. 82 Central Mindanao Colleges, Kidapawan City QUESTIONS RESPONSES 10. Have you put up forest restoration projects in your area? Nakamugna ba kamo ug proyekto o kalihukan alang sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar? Participant 7: Not set up yet formally but there is an (on-going) activity, It just lacks MOA signing with CMC. Participant 8: Wala pa formally pero naa nay activity MOA signing nalang ang kulang with CMC. 11. Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? How did you solve them? Unsay mga poblema ang inyong naagian sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan? Giunsa ninyo kini pagsulbad? Participant 3: During the Tree-volution many were nauseated due to extreme heat. Participant 8: The monitoring evaluation. To do the monitoring evaluation because we only do the planting but how can it survive because we don’t have the capacity to spend for it. Participant 3: During sa Tree-volution daghan nahilo kay init kaayo. Participant 8: The monitoring evaluation. To do the monitoring evaluation kasi kami nagtanim mi pero unsaon pagbuhi adto kay dili man gyud mi magpa alig alig ug adto kay kami mugasto. 12. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated / implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. Aduna ba kamoy nahibaloan nga mga materyales o pamaagi nga gigamit sa B+WISER Project sa pagpahibalo, pag-edukar ug pagsibya ngadto sa katawhan? Participant 1: Agreed to response of participant 8. Participant 2: Agreed to response of participant 8. Participant 3: Agreed to response of participant 8. Participant 4: Agreed to response of participant 8. Participant 5: Agreed to response of participant 8. Participant 6: Agreed to response of participant 8. Participant 7: Agreed to response of participant 8. Participant 8: There’s brochures, leaflets, newsletter, tarpaulin. We’ve seen them all. Participant 8: Naay brochures, leaflets, newsletter, tarpaulin. Nakita namin lahat yun. 13. Are they effective? In what way? Participant 1: It is effective in a way because it is informative of the programs they extending. Participant 2: Yes because it is stated there as to the purpose of the program being conducted. Participant 3: Agreed to all responses Participant 4: Agreed to all responses 83 Central Mindanao Colleges, Kidapawan City QUESTIONS RESPONSES Epektibo ba ang maong mga pamaagi ug materyales? Sa unsang pamaagi nga nahimo silang epektibo Participant 5: Effective in drive-information Participant 6: Agreed to all responses Participant 7: Agreed to all responses Participant 8: Agreed to all responses Participant 1: Effective sya in a way nga maka inform sya sa mga programs nga ilang gina panghatag. Participant 2: Yes kay nakabutang man didto unsay purpose nga gina conduct nga program. Participant 3: Agreed to all responses Participant 4: Agreed to all responses Participant 5: Effective sya sa pag drive ug information Participant 6: Agreed to all responses Participant 7: Agreed to all responses Participant 8: Agreed to all responses 14. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems? Unsay mga problema ang inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo? Giunsa ninyo pagsulbad ang maong mga problema Participants 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8: Agreed to the reseponse of participant 3 Participant 3: They have achieved their objectives. Participants 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8: Agreed to the reseponse of participant 3 Participant 3: Na achieved naman nila yung objectives nila. 15. What lessons/positive experiences can you share with us as student volunteers in helping the environment? Participant 1: Serving is enjoyable. Participant 2: It feels light inside, little things like planting but it has help a lot for the environment. Participant 3: You will be amazed because you get to tell yourself that you are not alone in protecting mother earth. There are so many volunteers. Among the volunteers you will see yourself as one who can greatly contribute and contribute more and do better in caring for our mother earth. Participant 4: For me, at first planting is really tiring, it really is, but when you see crowd of people taking action to plant trees for the environment, you will be challenged as well to plant for the next generation. Participant 5: It is great to be involved in the kind of activity because you will be given environmental awareness. Participant 6: It really feels good that you are doing something for the environment like tree-planting, for the wildlife. It feels happy that you are able to help. Participant 7: For me, there’s a difference when you have participated because how can you show to them if you haven’t experienced it yourself. It is better you get to really experience it so people you give service to will feel it so real in you because you yourself have experienced it. 84 Central Mindanao Colleges, Kidapawan City QUESTIONS RESPONSES Unsay mga maayong pagtulon-an o positibong kaagi ang imong mapaambit isip studyante nga gabuluntaryo sa pagtabang sa kaayohan sa kinaiyahan? Participant 1: Serving is enjoyable. Participant 2: Magaan sa kalooban, little things nga nakatanom ka dako na ang ikatabang sa environment. Participant 3: Ma aamaze ka kasi masasabi mo sa sarili mo na hindi lang pala ako nag iisa para pagprotekta ang mother earth natin. Ang daming volunteers. Sa mga volunteers makikita mo don na isa ka na may malaking makatulong mo na palakihin pa o pagbutihin ang pag alaga kay mother earth natin. Participant 4: Para sa ako sa first palang kanang magtanom ka, kapoy gyud diay sya pero kung makita nimo ang kadaghanan nga active kaayo magtanom para sa kalikasan, ma challenge pud ka nga magtanom para sa uban nga mga henerasyon. Participant 5: Maganda ma involve sa ganyang activity because mabigyan ka ng environmental awareness. Participant 6: Masarap talaga ang feeling na meron kang ginagawa sa environment like tree-planting, para sa wildlife. Masaya na nakakatulong ka. Participant 7: Sa akin kasi, iba yung naka participate ka, Kasi paano mo mapa kita sa kanila na yung sinasabi mo na ikaw mismo hidi mo naranasan. Mas maganda kasi na na experience mo talaga para yung na serve mo ma feel nila na totoo talaga kasi ikaw mismo naranasan mo. Farmers: Sibulan, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 1. How long have you been farming? (Unsa n aka kadugay nag-uma?) Participant 1: 35 years as a farmer Participant 2: 35 years as a farmer Participant 3: 35 years as a farmer Participant 4: 49 years as a farmer Participant 5: 39 years as a farmer Participant 6: 18 years as a farmer Participant 7: 40 years as a farmer Participant 8: 25 years as a farmer Participant 9: 35 years as a farmer Participant 10: more than 50 years as a farmer Participant 11: 35 years as a farmer Participant 12: 35 years as a farmer Participant 13: 40 years as a farmer Participant 14: 35 years as a farmer Participant 15: 35 years as a farmer 1a. How big/how many hectares is your farm? (Unsa kadako o pila ka ektarya ang imong uma?) Participant 1: ½ ha. (Medya ektarya ang umahan nako.) Participant 2: own 3 ha. (3 nako ka ektarya na umahan.) Participant 3: farm 1 ha. (1 ka ektarya ang akoa) Participant 4: own 1 ha. (isa aka ektarya) Participant 5: farm 1 ½ ha. (Uno medya ako) Participant 6: own ¼ ha. (¼ ka ektarya akung yuta) Participant 7: farm 1 ½ ha. (Tunga ra sa ektarya akung luna) 85 Farmers: Sibulan, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 8: farm 1 ½ ha. (Tunga ra sa ektarya akung luna) Participant 9: own ¼ ha. (¼ ka ektarya akng gi ugma) Participant 10: Cultivate 2 ha. (Duha ka ektarya akung yuta) Participant 11: own 3 ha. (3 ka ektarya akng luna) Participant 12: farm 1 ha. (1 ka ektarya na umahan) Participant 13: own 2 ha. (own 2 ha.) Participant 14: farm 1 ha. (Isa ka ektarya) Participant 15: farm 1 ha. (Isa ka ektarya) 1b. What crops do you primarily raise in your farm? (Unsa ang imong gitanum sa umong uma?) Participant 1: Planted with durian, coconut and cacao. (Gitamnan nako sa durian, lubi ug cacao.) Participant 2: Planted with coconut and abacca. (Gitamnan nako sa lubi, abacca) Participant 3: Planted durian, abacca ang lanzones (gitamnan sa durian, abacca ug lanzones.) Participant 4: Planted durian, cacao, coffee, avocado and jackfruit. (Lubi, durian, cacao, cape, avocado ug nangka) Participant 5: Planted coffee, lanzones, durian and banana. (naay kape, lanzones, durian ug saging) Participant 6: Planted abacca, lanzones, and durian. (tanum nako mao ang abacca, lanzones ug durian.) Participant 7: Planted durian, lanzones, and coconut (gitamnan sa durian, lanzones ug lubi.) Participant 8: Planted durian, lanzones, and coconut. (gitamnan sa durian, lanzones ug abacca.) Participant 9: Planted cocont, lanones and coffee (gitamnan nako sa lubi, lanzones ug kape) Participant 10: Planted coconut, lanzones, durian and abacca (lubi, lanzones, durian ug abacca nag tanom) Participant 11: Planted cacao, and durian (Cacao ug durian akung tanom) Participant 12: Planted Durian, lanzones and abacca. (Durian, lanzones ug abacca ang tanum) Participant 13: Planted lanzones, cacao and rubber. (Lanzones, cacao ug guma sa 2 ka esktarya nako na umahan) Participant 14: Planted cacao, lanzones, coconut and banana (cacao, lanzones, lubi ug saging) Participant 15: Planted coconut, coffee, and durian (gitamnan sa lubi, cape ug durian) 1c. Where is the location of your farm? Is it far, near, or within the protected forest area? [Note: Check if the farmer is aware of the boundary of the protected area] (Asa dapit nahimutang ang imong una: layo, duol, sulod sa protected area?) Participants 1 to 15: Situated far from protected area. Participants 1 to 15: Layo sa protected area. 86 Farmers: Sibulan, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 2. What is the present status of your forest area? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participant 1: agreed to responses of Participant 13 Participant 2: attractive before but now the forest is now bare Participant 3: agreed to responses of Participant 12 Participant 4: There are changes occur, the trees were cut because the land occupied. But today because of the effort we made the trees have grown already. Participant 5: Plenty of trees were damage. Participant 6: Agreed to responses of Participant 12. Participant 7: The forest is in good state before but because of illegal cutting of trees the forest is not attractive anymore. Participant 8: The forest is now bare. Participant 9: Agreed to all responses. Participant 10: The forest in great danger because of the illegal activities done in the forest. More settlers coming in cut the trees and farm the land. Participant 11: Agreed to responses of Participant 12. Participant 12: The forest fire causes damage to the forest. Fewer trees left in the forest most of it were damage. Participant 13: Fewer trees left at the foot of the forest. You could observe the changes that the forest is no bare.Older tree were cut and but it was replace and the new tree are growing now. Participant 14: agreed to responses of Participant 13 Participant 15: agreed to responses of Participant 13 Participant 1: agreed to responses of Participant 13 Participant 2: Nindot pa niadto pero karon upaw-upaw na. Participant 3: agreed to responses of Participant 12 Participant 4: Naay kalainan, ang mga kahoy naputol na jud tungod kay giuma na gitamnan na sa gulay kasagingan. Kasagaran karon ang dako na mga kahoy wala na jud.#5 – Plenty of trees were damage. Participant 6: Agreed to responses of Participant 12. Participant 7: The forest is in good state before but because of illegal cutting of trees the forest is not attractive anymore. Participant 8: The forest is now bare. Participant 9: Agreed to all responses. Participant 10: The forest in great danger because of the illegal activities done in the forest. More settlers coming in cut the trees and farm the land. Participant 11: Agreed to responses of Participant 12. Participant 12: The forest fire causes damage to the forest. Fewer trees left in the forest most of it were damage. Participant 13: Fewer trees left at the foot of the forest. You could observe the changes that the forest is no 87 Farmers: Sibulan, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) bare. Older tree were cut and but it was replace and the new tree are growing now. Participant 14: agreed to responses of Participant 13 Participant 15: agreed to responses of Participant 13 3. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? 3a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? 3b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 10, 11, 12, 14, and 15: We have the ADSDPP or the Ancestral Domain Sustainable Deveopment Plan. Who formulated the forest guard with the goal to help protect the forest. There are laws mandating that harvesting “uway” is prohibited. There is a resolution that helps protect the ancestral domain. Participant 5: The planting of bamboo. Participant 6: That the PA should not be touch or violated. Participant 13: Same with all responses 4. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management] Participant 1: agreed to all responses Participants 2, 3 & 4: agreed to all response of Participant 5 Participant 5: Before when it rain hard or flooding landslide occurs rights after. But because of the bamboo planted it the incident lessens. Participant 6: The changes are damaging cause of the coming in of investors occupying the area were trees are being cut to give way for their businesses. But with our efforts in protecting the forest the bald area were planted and replace. Participants 7, 8 & 9: agreed to all responses Participant 10: The result is good with the LGUs program of tree planting eventually the forest redeem itself. Participants 11 & 12: Agreed to all responses. Participant 13: There are changes in the forest you can now hear birds and other animals in the forest an indicator that the forest is been restored. Participant 14: Agreed to responses of Participant 10 Participant 15: Agreed to responses of Participant 6. 5. Are you (the farmers) organized? When was your group organized? Is your group organized through the B+WISER Project? (Organisado ba kamo nga mga mag￾uuma? Kanus-a natukod ang inyong grupo? Aduna bay kalambigitan ang B+WISER project sa pag-organisa kaninyo?) Participants 1to 15: Yes, Sibulan Upland Farmers Association started around 2003-2005. Participants 1to 15: B+WISER is new in the community. Our association was not organized by B+WISER. Participants 1to 15: We did not receive any support from B+WISER. 88 Farmers: Sibulan, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Did you receive assistance (monetary or material) from B+WISER? What type of assistance did receive? (Aduna ba kamoy nadawat nga suporta gikan sa B+WISER? Unsa kini nga klase nga suporta ang inyong nadawat?) 5a. What other assistance did you receive relative to environmental and forest management? From what sources? (Aduna pa ba kamoy lain nga suporta nga nadawat sa uban alang sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kjalasangan? Asa gikan ang suporta ug unsa nga klasa nga suporta ang inyong nnadawat?) Participants 1 to 15: Oo, Sibulan Upland Farmrs Association nagsugod atong 2003-2005. Participants 1 to 15: Ang B+WISER bag-o lang nisulod dinhi sa among community. Participants 1 to 15: We did not receive any support from B+WISER. Participant 3: Naay naghatag lain mao ton seedling sa durian. Participant 10: Naay gihatag gikan sa probinsya ug DENR naghatag ug seedling. Participant 11: Naay PCA naghatag ug abono. Participant 12: Ang MRDP naghatag ug seedling sa durian. 6. Did you attend or participate in any capacity building training pertaining to NRM (natural resource management). (Nakatambong ba kamo ug mga pagbansay kalabot sa pagdumala sa mga kahinguhaan sa kinaiyahan?) [Note: ask them to name all NRM-related trainings attended] 6a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? (Kinsa ang naghatag sa pagbansay ug unsa kadugay kini gipahigayon?) 6b. What did you learn from this or these training/s? (Unsay inyong nakat-unan niini nga pagbansay?) 6c. What benefits did you or your community gets from these trainings? (Unsay kaayuhan sa maong pagbansay alang sa imong komunidad?) Participants 1to 15: No training attended Participant 6: I have participated PA provided by DENR. Participant 6: I have learned on how to protect he environment. And learn ho to plant the seedlings provided by LGUs. Participants 1 to 15: Wala koy training naapilan. Participant 6: PA sa kinaiyahan na gidumala sa DENR. Participant 6: Nakat-unan nako mao ang pagbantay sa kinaiyahan. Ug unsaon pagtanum sa seedling na gikan sa LGU. 7. Have you or your organization participated in any enforcement activities relative to your environmental management program of your forest resources? Participants 1 2, 3, 5 & 8: Tree planting Participant 4: Agreed to responses of Participant 13 Participant 6: Agreed to responses of Participants 9 & 10 Participants 7 & 9: Participated in protecting the forest. Participant 10: Participated. All members in the community formulated laws to protect the forest. Even even from “sitios” make report to be forwarded to the tribal leader/president. Participant 11: We help apprehend those who will do harm in the forest. Participant 12: Agrees to all responses Participant 13: Yes, the tree planting activity. We have also the SMAP who help us formulate and practice organic farming which we us group supports. Participants 14 & 15: Agrees to all responses 89 Farmers: Sibulan, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Nakaapil ka ba o ang grupo sa mga lumad sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagdumala kalabot sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) Participants 1 2, 3, 5 & 8: Tree planting Participant 4: Agreed to responses of Participant 13 Participant 6: Agreed to responses of Participants 9 & 10 Participants 7 & 9: Nagkaalalay me sa pagbantay sa kalasangan. Participant 10: Apil jud. Tanan community gabuhat jud ug ilang mga balaod para maprotektahan ang kalasangan. Kada sitio pud naay gabuhat jud sa report na ipasa sa tribal president. Participant 11: Nagtabang me sa pagbadlong sa mga magbuhat sa daotan sa kalasangan. Participant 12: Agrees to all responses Participant 13: Oo, ang pagpananom sa kahoy. Naa pud ang SMAP, ang paghimo sa organic farming na gisuportahan namo sa grupo. Participants 14 & 15: Agrees to all responses 8. Are you a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Lakip ka ba o ang inyong kahugpungan sa programa diin ang B+WISER nakiglambigit programa nga CCT o 4Ps sa DSWD nga naghatag kahigayonan sa malahutayong suporta sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected area?) Participants 1 to 15: None Participants 1 to 15: Wala 9. Have you put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. (Nakamugna ka ba o ang imong kahugpungan ug mga proyekto o kalihukan alang sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar? Ipasabot kini) Participants 1 to 15: None Participants 1 to 15: Wala 10. What are the livelihood projects introduced in your community in support to forest restoration activities? ( Unsa nga mga proyekto sa kapanginabuhian ang nasugdan sa inyong kumunidad isip suporta sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar?) Participants 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14 & 15: Agreed to all responses. Participant 2: Agreed to response of Participant 6 Participant 6: We have the tree planting through the barangay which they pay us P250/day for the services rendered. Participant 10: They provided us with seedlings to serves as our livelihood but theres no budget as of now Participant 11: Agreed to responses of Participant 10. 90 Farmers: Sibulan, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participants 1, 3, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14 & 15: Agreed to all responses. Participant 2: Agreed to response of Participant 6 Participant 4: Daghan nakaapil kada sitio mananum ug kahoy. Participant 5: Sa hedcore pero wala me maka avail. Participant 6: Kaapil ko sa hedcore na pagpatanum sa kahoy na gipaagi sa barangay. Naay tree planting na masoholan me tag P250/day magtanom lang sa kahoy sa lsang. Participant 10: Naghatag ug similya maoy mahimong livelihood naay EDC proposal pero wala pay budget. Participant 11: Agreed to responses of Participant 10. 11. Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? How did you solve them? (Unsay mga poblema ang inyong naagian sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan? Giunsa ninyo kini pagsulbad?) Participants 1 to 15: None Participants 1 to 15: Wala 12. What are the challenges that you faced in your forest restoration activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga inyong giatubang kabahin sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participants 1 to 15: None Participants 1 to 15: Wala 13. What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by your IP group in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsa ang mga kalihukan nga gihimo sa grupo sa nga adunay dakung kalambigitan sa pagpanalipod ug pagdumala sa kalasangan/watershed/protected areas?) Participant 1: We replace those damage trees and plant new trees. Participant 2: Planting of bamboo along the river. We aldo tie our animal to prevent from roaming around the forest and destroys plants. Participants 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13 & 14: Agreed to all responses Participant 5: We replace those damage trees and plant new trees. Participant 10: Planting of bamboo along the river. We aldo tie our animal to prevent from roaming around the forest and destroys plants. Participant 11: Information dessimination to the community on what are the policies in protecting the forest. Participant 15: Planting of bamboo along the river. We aldo tie our animal to prevent from roaming around the forest and destroys plants. Participant 1: Kung naay mga laya na nga kahoy ginapulian namo sa pagtanom ug bag-o na kahoy. Participant 2: Ang pagtanom sa kawayan daplin sa sapa. Ang mga hayop ginapanghiktan arun dili maka daot sa mga tanom sa lasang. Participant s 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13 & 14: Agreed to all responses Participant 5: Kung naay mga laya na nga kahoy ginapulian namo sa pagtanom ug bag-o na kahoy. Participant 10: Ang pagtanom sa kawayan daplin sa sapa. Ang mga hayop ginapanghigtan arun dili maka daot sa mga tanom sa lasang. Participant 11: Ang pagpahimangnu sa uban sa unsa ang angayan og dili angayan pagabuhaton sa kalasangan. 91 Farmers: Sibulan, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 15: Ang pagtanom sa kawayan daplin sa sapa. Ang mga hayop ginapanghigtan arun dili maka daot sa mga tanom sa lasang. 14. Are these activities effective? Please explain. (Epektibo ba ang mga maong kalihukan? Palihug pagpasabot ngano nga nakaingon ka niini) Participant 1: Effective because the part of the forest wherein it was bare it was replaced and it is now more attractive. Participant 2: It has prevented to further damage the forest and keeps the river protected because of the bamboo. Participants 3, 4, 6, 7,8, 9, 12, 13 & 14: Agreed to all responses Participant 5: Effective because the part of the forest wherein it was bare it was replaced and it is now more attractive. Participant 10: It has prevented to further damage the forest and keeps the river protected because of the bamboo. Participant 11: The people are now aware of the effects to the environment if we continue to abusing it. Participant 15: It has prevented to further damage the forest and keeps the river protected because of the bamboo. Participant 1: Sa una katong wala pa natamnan ug kahoy ang upaw na parti sa bukid lain tan-awon karon maayo na kay nanubo na ang gipangtanom. Participant 5: Kay ang gipangtanom na mga kahoy dagko naman karon. Participant 10: Epektibo kay nalikayan ang mga pag landslide sa lugar 15. In what activities related to forest/ watershed/PA protection and management are the IPs tapped? (Sa unsa pa nga mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected area gilambigit o giapil ang mga IPs (Lumad) Participants 1 to 15: Tree planting Participants 1 to 15: Ang pagnanum sa kahoy didto sa kalasangan.  Any problems encountered by your group relative to your inclusion or exclusion (participation and non-participation) in activities related to forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsa ang mga problema nga inyong naagian kalabot sa pagpa-apil o wala pagpa-apil kaninyo kalihukan kalabot sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/ watershed/ protected area) Participant 1 to 15: None Participants 1 to 15: Wala man.  Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. (Aduna ba kamoy nahibaloan nga mga materyales o pamaagi nga gigamit sa B+WISER Project sa pagpahibalo, Participants 1 to 15: None, only during barangay assembly that we are inform of any seminars or trainings. Participant 10: None, only during barangay assembly that we are inform of any seminars or trainings. Participant 10: Only the leaders/chieftain receives IEC materials from B+WISER. Participants 1 to 15: Wala, patawag lang sa barangay para mapahibalo me kung naay seminar o trainings. Participant 10: Wala, patawag lang sa barangay para mapahibalo me kung naay seminar o trainings. 92 Farmers: Sibulan, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) pag-edukar ug pagsibya ngadto sa katawhan?) Participant 10: Only the leaders/chieftain receives IEC materials from B+WISER.  Are they effective? In what way? (Epektibo ba ang maong mga pamaagi ug materyales? Sa unsang pamaagi nga nahimo silang epektibo? Participants 1 to 15: N/A Participant 10: Not effective because the people were not inform. Participants 1 to 15: N/A Participant 10: Dili epektibo kay dili mas inform ang mga katawhan  Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems? (Unsay mga problema ang inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo? Giunsa ninyo pagsulbad ang maong mga problema) Participants 1 to 15: N/A Participant 10: The problem is that many did not know about IEC materials from B+WISER. Participants 1 to 15: N/A Participant 10: Problema kay kami tanan wala nakabalo na naa diay materiales gikan sa B+WISER.  What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo?) Participants 1 to 15: N/A Participant 10: The problem is that many did not know about IEC materials from B+WISER. Participants 1 to 15: N/A Participant 10: Problema kay kami tanan wala nakabalo na naa diay materiales gikan sa B+WISER. 21. What lessons/positive experiences can you share with us as an IP or as a member of the IP association? Participants 1, 3 & 8: The ways we did to protect the forest. The planting of trees could be a positive experience that we can share to others. Participants 2, 9, 12 & 14: The planting of trees. They could feel the goodness brought about in planting trees. Participants 4 & 13: Continue informing others and be united in protecting the environment Participant 5: That we could encourage others to plant tress as well. As what we did to our forest. Participants 6 & 11: Impart knowlege to the community to protect the environment to last. Participant 7: The planting of trees. They could feel the goodness brought about in planting trees. Participant 10: Because of the efforts we gave in protecting the forest, others can observe what we have accomplished. That we are doing this for the future our children. And that we could serve as an example for others. Participant 15: Continue informing others and be united in protecting the environment. 93 Farmers: Sibulan, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Unsay mga maayong pagtulon-an o positibong kaagi ang imong mapaambit isip usa ka lumad o sakop sa hugpong sa mga lumad?) Participants 1, 3 & 8: Ang maayo namo na pag atiman sa kalasangan. Ang pagtanom namo sa kahoy na maayo na experyencya namo na pwede mapa ambit sa uban. Participants 2, 9, 12 & 14: Tungod sa pagpananom sa kahoy, mabatian nila ang kaayo na mahatag sa pagtanaom Participants 4 & 13: Ipadayon ang pagpasabot sa katawhan para kita tanan ang magtimbayayong sa pagprotektar sa kalasangan. Participant 5: Ang pagdasig sa uban na magtanom pud ug kahoy na mao among gibuhat karon sa among kalasangan Participants 6 & 11: Ipadayon ang pag edukar sa katawhan arun moluntad ang kinaiyahan. Participant 7: Tungod sa pagpananom sa kahoy, mabatian nila ang kaayo na mahatag sa pagtanaom Participant 10: Tungod sa among pagpaningkamot Makita sa uban na gibuhat ni namo para sa mga anak ug kaapuhan nam. Na dapat e imposar jud ang balaod sa lasang arun naa pay mapuslan ang umaabot na henerasyon ug kini paga waton nila pud. Kami karon ang ehemplo nila.) Participant 15: Ipadayon ang pagpasabot sa katawhan para kita tanan ang magtimbayayong sa pagprotektar sa kalasangan IPs Lapan Manobo Tribe, Perez, Kidapawan QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your forest area? Participant 1: The upper part of the forest has plenty of trees compared to the lower area of the forest wherein fewer trees were left. Participant 2: The part of the forest wherein no trees can be seen is where the people live. But the upper part of the forest is still considered as virgin forest. Participant 3: Upon our monitoring we could notice the deficiency of the numbers of trees in a particular area in the forest. But because of the efforts of MKWD the forest is now being monitored and protected. You can now see that trees are growing especially in the upper portion of the forest. Participant 4: Agreed to responses of Participant 3. Participant 5: We could still notice that there are still trees in the forest. Though comparing it to other areas, our forest is not that attractive anymore. Participant 6: By observing the situation of the forest you could still notice baldness and the lack of trees in the forest. Although when you Participant 7: Our forest underwent illegal logging. Which there are portions of the forest that is still in need for more trees. But because of the MKWD the forest was protected and it’s back in its normal state. “Rattan” is present in the forest now. Participant 8: Agreed to responses of Participant 9. Participant 9: The forest is now attractive than before where before it was abused and trees were cut, you could notice baldness in the forest. But now tress grew back and there are plenty of trees now in the forest. 94 IPs Lapan Manobo Tribe, Perez, Kidapawan QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participant 10: Agreed to responses of Participant 9. Participant 1: Didto sa babaw na lasang okay pa kaayo daghan pa mga kahoy didto sa ibabaw, dre sa ubos dili na kaayo daghan kahoy. Participant 2: Ang kanang kabang-kabang na parti sa bukid mao manang naa sa jurisdiction duol sa mga tao. Pero kanang sa ibabaw na bahin sa lasang virgin forest pa Participant 3: Sumala sa pagsuroy-suroy didto sa lasang ang kining kilid na parti sa bukid wala najud kahoy. Pero tungod sa pagmonitor sa MKWD na gibantayan na ang kalasangan maayo na tan-awon ang bukid naa kana makita na dagko na mga kahoy labi na kung mosaka jud ka sa ibabaw na parti sa bukid. Participant 4: Agreed to responses of Participant 3. Participant 5: Sa amoa naa pay dako nga kahoy na imong makita. Pero itandi sa uban lasang dili jud inana ka gwapo tanawon. Participant 6: Ang kalasangan namo karon naa pajud ka makita na parti sa bukid na medyo upaw na. Pero sa ibabaw na bahin sa bukid daghan pa kahoy na imo makita na pwede pa gihapon siya matawag na virgin forest. Daghan pa wild flowers na imo makita. Participant 7: Medyo kabang-kabang kay niagi ug logging. Pero tungod sa MKWD na giprotektaran ang kalasangan nibalik na pagkaayo ang lasang. Naa pay mga rattan na Makita sa kalasangan. Participant 8: Agreed to responses of Participant 9. Participant 9: Nindot kay daghan pa dagkong kahoy sa lasang. Niagi ug kaupaw pero naa naman nanubo balik na mga kahoy sa kalasangan. Participant 10: Agreed to responses of Participant 9. 2. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? (Aduna ba kamoy programa sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan sa inyong komunidad?) 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa programa sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan?) 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna bay mga kausaban sa inyong programa sa pagdumala sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini ug unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) Participant 1: We only perform surveys in the forest. Participant 2: We do monitor and survey the forest. We protected the forest. And now you could notice that birds breeds in the forest an indicator that the forest is in good condition now. Participant 3: We have the program “Bantay Bukid” drives by the MKWD. Participant 4: We do monitoring and planting of seedlings to protect and help restore the forest. Participant 5: The “Bantay Bukid” where we do monitor the activities in the forest. Participant 6: The barangay before gives cutting permit with a list of variety of trees that can be permitted to be cut. But now that practice is no longer permitted with our efforts to stop the cutting of trees in the forest. Participant 7: We have a program called “Bantay Bukid” drive by MKWD. That the resolution of issuing cutting permit should be abolished and the Bantay Bukid gives report to IP president and passes it to MKWD the violations and violators in the forest. Participant 8: We have Bantay Bukid to apprehend violators in the forest. Participant 9: Agreed to responses of Participant 4. Participant 10: Agreed to responses of Participant 6. 95 IPs Lapan Manobo Tribe, Perez, Kidapawan QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 1: Ang pag survey sa kalasangan. Participant 2: Survey ug pag bantay sa lasang. Kay didto sa bukid run ma obserbahan na nimo ang mga langam nabalik na sa kalasangan timailhan maayo na ang kahimtang sa lasang. Participant 3: Naa me progama na gibuhat namo kaning Bantay Bukid na giduso pinaagi sa MKWD. Participant 4: Mag monitor. Ang pagtanum sa similya para ma protektahan ug makatabang na mamaayo balik ang lasang. Participant 5: Ang bantay bukid ga monitor sa bukid. Participant 6: Gikan sa barangay council ang resolution. Sa una ga hatag pud ug cutting permit ang barangay sa pagpaputol sa kahoy pero naay listahan kung unsa lang ang angay putlon. Karon wala nana. Ginadili najud ang pagputol sa kahoy karon. Participant 7: Naa me progama na gibuhat namo kaning Bantay Bukid na giduso pinaagi sa MKWD. Resolution sa cutting permit na mawala na ug ang Bantay Bukid ang maghatag report sa IP president to MKWD sa mga kalapasan sa lasang. Participant 8: Naa nay magdakop nga bantay bukid. Participant 9: Agreed to responses of Participant 4. Participant 10: Agreed to responses of Participant 6. 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna ba kamoy nakitang kausaban sa inyong kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini? Unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management program] Participant 1: There were no illegal loggers present in our area. The area is now is in good condition with 621 hectares being protected and monitored by MKWD. Participant 2: There are changes in the area compared before. Now that the forest is protected and we plant new trees and eventually grew which makes the forest more attractive. Participant 3: There are changes in the forest area. The forest serves as our source of livelihood. Before many of us cut trees like “lawaan” to sell it. But because we now serve as protectors of the forest we stop cutting trees and help preserve the forest makes it flourishing. Participant 4: Same with all responses. Participant 5: Unlike before the rules are not strictly implemented cutting of trees are easy. But now that ordinances are imposed those who will cut trees must replace it. And laws are established to penalized violators. Participant 6: Changes occur because ordinances from the barangay are created to help protect the forest. And many are involved like students promoting a tree planting program to help protect the forest. Participant 7: Theres a big change when it comes to weather. Before the climate is cold unlike now that it is much hotter due to exploiting the forest. Participant 8: In the past there are more trees in the forest compared today. But because of the ordinance that protects the forest the condition is much better. Ordinances like if somebody cut 1 tree they have to replace that 2 tree with 5 trees and to be planted in the forest. And also like the tree planting program done by students in our area also is a big help in protecting the forest. 96 IPs Lapan Manobo Tribe, Perez, Kidapawan QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 9: Agreed to responses of Participant 6. Participant 10: Same with all responses. Participant 1: Wala nay ak-ak “logging”. Gwapo na ang lugar ang 621 ka ektarya mao ang gibantayan ug giprotektahan sa mga MKWD. Participant 2: Lahi na karon kompara sa una. Nahilang-hilang tungod sa pagpamutol. Pero tungod kay gibantayan na ang lasang ug katong parti sa lasang na kabang –kabang gitanman na ug nanubo na ang mga kahoy pag balik maayo na tan-awon ang kalasangan. Participant 3: Sa ibabaw naay “sumayag-almasiga” naay kausaban. Daghan pa kausaban sa una tungod kay ang panginabuhian sa una dnha kuhaon sa lasang, sa una daghan pa gapamutol sa lawaan arun ibaligya. Karon napunggan na mao nang maayo na ang kahimtang sa kalasangan. Participant 4: Same with all responses Participant 5: Sa una nga ang balaod dili kaayo strikto pag implementardali ra makaputol ug kahoy. Karon kay naa nay ordinansa na kung kinsa ang mamutol ug kahoy iya kini pulian pagtanom. Naa napud balaod na mosilot sa mga malapason Participant 6: Naa man gud ordinance gikan sa barangay kung muputol mokambyo ka. Ang mga estudyante naay programa sad na magtanom sa kahoy didto sa kalasangan. Participant 7: Dako ang kausaban, tugnaw pa ang lugar. Karon naa nay nakiinit tungod sa daghan naputol nga kahoy. Participant 8: Sa una daghan pa jud kahoy kompara karon. Pero tungod sa mga ordinansa ug balaod nga naga protektar sa kalasangan nibalik na ug kamaayo. Naa man ordinansa na kung naay mamutol ug kahoy sama sa mahogany ang isa ka kahoy pulian na ug lima ka kahoy para itanum. Karon na pa gani mga estudyante na nagatanom pud ug kahoy sa lasang. Participant 9: Agreed to responses of Participant 6. Participant 10: Same with all responses. 4. When was Bantay Gubat Organized in your community? Was it organized through the B+WISER project? Participants 1 to 10: Agreed to what has been summarized and reiterated. Participants 1 to 10: Buwis Tanong is organized 5 or 6 years ago. Ang mga members mao ang mga tao sa community. Walay partnership sa B+WISER. 5. Do you receive assistance (monetary or material) fro B+WISER? What type of assistance do you receive? (Aduna ba kamoy nadawat nga supporta gikan sa B+WISER? Unsa kini nga klase nga suporta ang inyong nadawat?) 5a. what othr assistance do you receive relative to environmental and forest management? From what sources? (Aduna pa ba kamoy lain nga suporta nga nadawat sa Participants 1, 2, 5 & 6: Agreed to responses of Participant 3 Participant 3: We receive an honorarium of P500 and free food whenever we do monitoring. We do the monitoring 3 days once a month together with the B+WISER personnel. Also with the EDC wherin we plant trees and paid us P265/day as payment for planting trees. Participant 4: Those who do the patrolling receive the P500 as honorarium. Participant 7: Those who do the monitoring receive P500 as honorarium. We also receive other support like the planting of trees in the 5000 ha. Provided us with seedlings and pay us P265/days as payment for the services rendered. Participants 8, 9 & 10: Agreed to all responses. 97 IPs Lapan Manobo Tribe, Perez, Kidapawan QUESTIONS RESPONSES uban alang sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Asa gikan ang suporta ug unsa nga klase nga suporta ang inyong nadawatan?) Participants 1, 2, 5 & 6: Agreed to responses of Participant 3 Participant 3: Naay honorarium na tag P500 ug libre lang dayon ug pagkaon pag mag monitor. Kana lang pud mag patrol me once a month for 3 days with B+WISER personnel. EDC pinaagi sa pagpatanum naay contrata tag 265/day ang sohol. Participant 4: Katong ga patrol matagaan jud ug tag P500 na honorarium. Participant 7: Pag magmonitor naay honorauim na P500 ug pafkaon dayon. Naay lain support kanang ipa tie up sa 5000/has na magtanum sa kahoy ug gatagaan pud me ug suporta na seedlings ug soholan tag P265/day. Participants 8, 9 & 10: Agreed to all responses. 6. Did you attend or participate in any ELE (Environment Law Enforcement) training organized by B+WISER project (e.g. LAWIN or (Landscape and Wild Life Indicators)? (Nakatambong ba kamo ug mga pagbansay kalabot sa pagpatuman sa mga balaod alang sa kinaiyahan (sama sa ELE) nga gipasiugda sa B+WISER (eg, LAWIN)?) [Note: ask them to name all other NRM-related trainings attended] 6a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? (Kinsa ang naghatag sa pagbansay ug unsa kadugay kini gipahigayon?) 6b. What did you leran from this or these training/s? (Unsay inyong nakat-unan niini nga pagbansay?) 6c. What benefits did you or your community gets from these trainings? (Unsay mga kaayuhan ang imong nakuha sa pagbansay? Unsay kaayuhan sa maong pagbansay alang sa imong komunidad?) Participants 1, 3 & 4: Yes I have attended the LAWIN training by B+WISER for 3days. Participants 2, 5, 6, 8, 9 & 10: No training participated Participant 7: I have attended the Aja-Hightime training that teaches how to protect the forest. Participants 1, 3 & 4: Oo naka apil ko ug LAWIN training sa B+WISER sulod sa tulo ka adlaw. Participants 2, 5, 6, 8, 9 & 10: No training participated Participant 7: Naay Aja-Hightime training. Nagtudlo sa pagprotektar sa kinaiyahan. Participants 1, 3 & 4: The DENR training on illegal logging – laws and procedure of apprehending which includes measuring the size of what has been logged for 1day training. Participants 2, 5, 6, 8, 9 & 10: N/A Participant 7: And the MKWD and B+WISER conducted training on how to use the tablet as means to monitor the activities in the forest. Participants 1, 3 & 4: Sa DENR pud kanang naay mag illegal logging kung unsaon nimo sila pagharang, unya mga pila sya ka taas ug kadakoon sa mga kahoy. Usa ka adlaw nga training. Participants 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10: N/A Participant 7: MKWD and B+WISER naghatag sa LAWIN na training. Gamit ang tablet para mahibaloan ang kabukiran ug ang mga mananap. Participants 1, 3 & 4: I learned to identify type of birds and its sound. Participants 1, 3 & 4: Naka apil pud ug training mahitungod sa bird watching, pag identity sa mga langam nga gi conducts sa PEF for 3days. Participant 1, 3 & 4: Ang tingog sa langam ug unsa nga langam imong nadunggan. 7. Have you or your organization participated in any enforcement activities relative to your environmental management program of your forest resources? (Nakaapil ka ba o ang grupo sa mga lumad sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagdumala kalabot sa Participants 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 & 10: Agreed to all responses Participant 3: The constant monitoring in the forest and the tree planting which is beneficial to all and helps restore the forest. Participant 5: Just the tree planting activity Participants 8 & 9: Agreed to response of Participant 5 98 IPs Lapan Manobo Tribe, Perez, Kidapawan QUESTIONS RESPONSES pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) 7a. What is your or your organization’s role in these enforcement activities? (Unsa ang imong papel ug ang papel sa grupo sa mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) 7b. What benefits did you or your organization get from these enforcement activities? (Unsay kaayohan nga imong nakuha sa pagpatuman sa mga pamalaod sa pagppanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan? Unsay kaayohan alang sa imong grupo?) 7c. What problems have you or your organization experienced with regard to enforcement of environmental activities? (Unsay mga problema nga imong naagian ug naagian usab sa imong grupo kalabot sa pagpatuman sa mga pamaagi sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) Participants 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 & 10: Agreed to all responses Participant 8 & 9: Agreed to response of Participant 5 Participant 5: Planting of trees Participant 3: Our task is to do the monitoring, apprending the violators. From Bantay Bukid to IP President then to the barangay. Participant 3: We recieve threat to our lives because of the job of protecting the forest. The honoraruim given is insufficient. Participant 4: Equipments are insufficient like boots, raincoats, tent, phone, camera we have one but already damage, and food in time of roving and medicine kit. It’s hard to monitor if the materials and equipment are insufficient. Participant 5: Lack of financial assistance. Participant 6: Others do not follow us when we apprehend them. Participant 7: Others irate when we apprenhed them. Participant 5: Ang pagpananom namo sa kahoy Participant 3: Ang pagmonitor jud sa kalasangan u gang pagtanom sa kahoy arun mobalik ang maayo na kahimtang sa kalasangan. Participant 3: Ang gihimo namo mobadlong me sa mga nakalapas. Gikan sa Bantay Bukid e report namo sa Tribal President dayo iduso sa barangay. Participant 3: Naay mga hulga sa among kinabuhi na among gakadawatan. Kulang pud ang among honorarium na gakadawatan. Participant 4: Ang gamit kay kulang ra jud para namo sama sa butas, raincoat, flashlight, tent, phone, camera kay naa amo pero daot na, pagkaon para balon sa bukid kung mag roving, medicine kit ug uban pa. Lisod mag roving na kulang ang gamit. Participant 5: Kulang ang fianacial assistance na para namo. Participant 6: Ang uban dili motuo sa amoa kung among badlongon Participant 7: Ginadumtan me na naga badlong sa mga nakalapas sa kalasangan. 8. Are you a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Lakip ka ba o ang inyong kahugpungan sa programa diin ang B+WISER nakiglambigit programa nga CCT o 4Ps sa DSWD nga naghatag kahigayonan sa malahutayong suporta sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected area?) Participants 1 to 15: None Participants 1 to 15: Wala 99 IPs Lapan Manobo Tribe, Perez, Kidapawan QUESTIONS RESPONSES 9. Have you put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. (Nakamugna ka ba o ang imong kahugpungan ug mga proyekto o kalihukan alang sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar? Ipasabot kini) All participants agreed tha there were no projects created. Participants 1 to 15: None Participants 1 to 15: Wala 10. What are the livelihood projects introduced in your community in support to forest restoration activities? (Unsa nga mga proyekto sa kapanginabuhian ang nasugdan sa inyong kumunidad isip suporta sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar?) Participants 1 to 15: Only the nursery production given by MKWD. Participants 1 to 15: Ang MKWD naghatag ug nursery. 11. Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? How did you solve them? (Unsay mga poblema ang inyong naagian sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan? Giunsa ninyo kini pagsulbad?) Participants 1 to 15: None Participants 1 to 15: Wala 12. What are the challenges that you faced in yourforest restoration activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga inyong giatubang kabahin sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participant 7: There must be an assistance given like the financial assistance for us. Participants 1 to 10: Agreed to response of Participant 7 13. What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by your IP group in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsa ang mga kalihukan nga gihimo sa grupo sa nga adunay dakung kalambigitan sa pagpanalipod ug pagdumala sa kalasangan/watershed/protected areas?) Participants 1 to 10: The constant monitoring in the forest and apprehension of the violators. Participants 1 to 10: Pag roving ug pagpamadalong sa maka panglapas. 14. Are these activities effective? Please explain. Participant 1: There are no illegal loggers in the forest. Participant 2: The forest is now in good condition. Participants 3, 4, 7 & 10: Agrees to all responses Participant 5: Others show respect to those people protecting the forest. Participant 6: Effective because it lessen the number of violators. Participant 8: Chainsaw is seldom use now. Participants 9: Theres somebody watching and protecting the forest. 100 IPs Lapan Manobo Tribe, Perez, Kidapawan QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Epektibo ba ng mga maong kalihukan? Palihug pagpasabot ngano nga nakaingon ka niini) Participant 1: Wala nay nangahoy sa bukid. Participant 2: Nibalik na ang kaayo sa lasang. Participants 3, 4, 7 & 10 – Agrees to all responses Participant 5: Mo respito na sila sa gabantay sa bukid. Participant 6: Nabawasan ang namutol. Participant 8: Wala na kaayo ga chainsaw. Participant 9: Naa nay nagbanatay ug nag protektar sa kalasangan. 15. In what activities related to forest/ watershed/PA protection and management are the IPs tapped? (Sa unsa pa nga mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected area gilambigit o giapil ang mga IPs (Lumad) Participant 7: There was an effort from bantay bukid and buwis tanong to represent it to DENR but there was ni partnership between DENR and us. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 & 10: None Participant 7: Sa una gipaningkamotan na ang bantay bukid ug buwis tanong mag representar sa DENR pero walay partnership sa DENR ug sa amoa. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 & 10: None 16. Any problems encountered by your group relative to your inclusion or exclusion (participation and non￾participation) in activities related to forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsa ang mga problema nga inyong naagian kalabot sa pagpa-apil o wala pagpa-apil kaninyo kalihukan kalabot sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/ watershed/ protected area) Participants 1 to 10: No enough support from DENR. Participants 1 to 10: Walay sakto na support gikan sa DENR. 17. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. (Aduna ba kamoy nahibaloan nga mga materyales o pamaagi nga gigamit sa B+WISER Project sa pagpahibalo, pag-edukar ug pagsibya ngadto sa katawhan?) Participants 1 to 10: None Participants 1 to 10: Wala 18. Are they effective? In what way? (Epektibo ba ang maong mga pamaagi ug materyales? Sa unsang pamaagi nga nahimo silang epektibo?) Participants 1 to 10: None Participants 1 to 10: Wala 19. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems? (Unsay mga problema ang inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo? Giunsa ninyo pagsulbad ang maong mga problema) Participants 1 to 10: None Participants 1 to 10: Wala 101 IPs Lapan Manobo Tribe, Perez, Kidapawan QUESTIONS RESPONSES 20. What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo?) Participants 1 to 10: None Participants 1 to 10: Wala 21. What lessons/positive experiences can you share with us as an IP or as a member of the IP association? (Unsay mga maayong pagtulon-an o positibong kaagi ang imong mapaambit isip usa ka lumad o sakop sa hugpong sa mga lumad?) Participant 1: Thankful that we are included with the B+WISER project that helpt me to gain additional knowledge like doing the survey in the forest. Participant 2: We understand each other. Even though roving in the forest is strenuous by merely looking at the result of our efforts is very rewarding Participant 3: We are united and peaceful as a tribe. And extend help especially to those living below the forest. Participant 4: Enjoying while monitoring. We are also happy doing our jobs and monitoring in the forest. Participant 5: We haven’t experience calamity. We have a good climate. Participant 6: We are the best and we are blessed to experience this kind of environment. Participant 7: Being united is our strong foundation in the midst of threats in performing our jobs. Participant 8: We have a good climate compared to other place. Participant 9: When performing our task to protect the forest we experience threats that sometimes lead us to be discourage and be little. But doing these jobs requires strong will. We should be firm in implementing and protecting the environment. Participant 10: We are very happy with the good changes in the forest. Even we experience unpredictable weather we were able to emerse from the problems we have encountered in protecting the forest. Participant 1: Mapasalamaton na nkaapil sa B+WISER kay nakabalo sa pag survey. Participant 2: Naay pagsinabtanay. Tungod kay kapoy kaayo magsubida sa bukid mawala ra gihaon ang ka kapoy tungod sa nindot nga panan awon sa bukid. Participant 3: Panaghiusa para sa tribu. Kalinaw sa tribu. Nakahatag ug tabang labi na sa taga ubos. Participant 4: Enjoy sa pagmonitor. Malipayon pud mi nga magsubida kay naa makita sa kalasangan Participant 5: Wala mi ka experience ug kalamidad. Gwapo ang among klima. Participant 6: Best kaayo me. Blessed me na kami naka experincya sa maayo na kinaiyahan. Participant 7: Ang pagkahiusa namo ug nagpabilin na malig-on maski tiwala sa mga kakuyaw sa among trabaho. Participant 8: Gwapo ang klima lahi sa uban lugar. Participant 9: Sa amo gyung pag protekta anang lasang, naa gyud ang mga hulga, bisan lisod kung musubida pero kana imo nang katungod nga mo protekta sa lasang diha kay kung dili na nimo tumanon ang imong katungod murag baliwala lang sa imoha. Kinahanglan nga lig on ang pag protekta sa kinaiyahan. Participant 10: Dako gyud among kalipay kay dako gyud ang kausaban diha sa bukid. Bisan naay init, ulan, bagyo, gi antos gyud na namo ma protektahan lang ang kalasangan. 102 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your forest area? Participant 1: am thankful that B+WISER came in because our protected area is now protected. Participant 2: forest is okay, there are numerous of trees. Reforestation must be done and monitoring. Participant 3: there are numerous of big tress like Almaciga. Participant 4: forest was Strengthened because of the protection done by B+WISER. There is presence of wild animals upland (wild pigs, monkeys, deer). Participant 5: there are plenty of “carbon negro” in the forest and also wild orchids. Participant 6: DENR planned to reforest our area. There are 170,000 seedlings to be planted. There are still plenty of trees in our area. Participant 7: we have trail here in Bongolanon, the climbers observed that our forest is still virgin. Participant 8: cutting of trees is prohibited here in our area in order to prevent landslides. And There are plenty of trees. Participant 1: Pasalamat ko nga naay B+WISER ga sulod kay naay protection sa protected area Participant 2: Okay pa kaayo ang bukid kay naa pay daghang kahoy. Dapat ning kabukiran dire dapat dugangan ug bantayan ang kakahoyan. Participant 3: Daghan pa mang mga kahoy nga dagko, almasiga. Participant 4: Naay paglig on sa bukid dire kay gi himo sa B+WISER ang sa pag protection. Didto sa ibabaw naa pay makita natong binaw, onggoy, baboy ihalas. Participant 5: And didto sa bukid daghan pa didto ug anutong “carbon negro,” ug daghan pa wild orchids. Participant 6: Sa dire sa amoa nag plano ang DENR nga tamnan ug kahoy. Naa 170,000 seedlings nga itanomay namo. Naay pabor dire sa amoa kay naa pa may kakahoyan. Participant 7: Parte dire sa amoa, parte dire sa Bongolanon, gihimong trail dire sa Mt. Apo. Nakit an sa mga “trailer” nga virgin kining dapit sa amo. Participant 8: Ang ako lang pud nahibaw an dire sa amoa nga bawala ang pangpamutol sa kahoy kay para ang maong muabot nga landslide. Daghan pa kahoy. 2. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? Participant 4: There is reforestation program in order to improve the areas that are deforested. Participant 5: There is reforestation program in order to improve the area that are deforested and that is a program from DENR. There are plenty of programs conducted for tree planting which the students participate in connection with the Tourism. Participants 6, 1, 2, 3 & 8: there is also one program by our Brgy. Captain which is tree planting on the watershed. That program was already started. Participant 7: the tribe has a plan and we the IP only waiting for the Government, DENR for an alternative livelihood. But we plant trees. 103 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 4: Naay programa sama sa pagtanom ug kahoy para pag improve sa area nga wala nay mga kahoy mao nga kambyuhan nalang ug tanom para mabalik. Participant 5: Agreed to response# 4 and added: mao ni ang sa DENR nga programa. Dire sa amoa daghan ga conduct ug tree planting, mga studyante ga connect sila sa Tourism Office. Participants 6, 1, 2, 3 & 8: Siguro kato pud sa among baranggay dire ginahimo ni kapitan nga ang tubig subayon sa pagtanom. Mao nay programa no kapitan. Nasugdan na ni nga programa. Participant 7: Dunay plano sa mga tribal kami mga IP nagpaabot sa gobyerno, DENR kay unsa may lain namong panginabuhian. Pero nagtanom mi ug kahoy. Who implemented your programs? (Prohibition on cutting of trees and orchids). Kinsay gapatuman sa inyong mga programa (bawal pamutol sa kahoy, panguha ug orchids)? 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? Participant 5: DENR is the one implements the program. The IP has own laws. The Barangay provides list on the following prohibited activities during the assembly meeting; use of electric current in the creek, picking of wild orchids and hunting of wild animals (wild pig) are prohibited. Participant 7: Before they gain entry on our area they must coordinate with the IP. Participants 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8: DENR will conduct reforestation in order to reforest those deforested areas. Participant 1: before, our elders go after those trees cut down by loggers and they farmed it which causes further deterioration of the forest. But we planted trees on those areas where logging happens. Participant 2: since DENR is there, farming was stopped. Participant 3: trees cut down for roofing before but now galvanized sheet iron is being use. Participant 4: because of the awareness given by the DENR, B+WISER. Participant 6: because of the IP who helped in protection and the creation of porter’s association. Participant 7: there is change because of the DENR. Participant 5: Taga DENR gyud ang gapatuman niini. Ang IP aduna man puy balaod. Sa barangay ila nang ginasulat sa assembly meeting nga bawal mag manguryente sa sapa, bawal manguha ug wild orchids, bawal magkuha ug wild nga baboy ihalas. Participant 7: Before sila mosulod mo coordinate sa sila sa IP. (2a.) Participants 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8: Mo conduct ang DENR motanom napud balik ug kahoy para mo coveran sa una katong nawalang mga kahoy mahimong mapabalik to (2b.) Participant 1: Kung naay pinutlan ug logging sa una, unya sundon napud sa IP na katong mga katigulangan namo nga galason napud nila na mao nga samot kaupaw. Pero ang na loggingan tamnan napud. Participant 2: Sa una naa pay ga galas sukad naay DENR wala na karon. Participant 3: Ang nabaw an nako sa una ang pagpamutol himoong atop, pero Karon dili naman table kay naa nay sin. Participant 4: Tungod sa DENR, B+WISER nga nagatudlo sa kadtong wa nakabalo. 104 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 6: Gumikan sa IP nag nagtabang sa pagproteksiyon ug nagbuhat na pod ug usa ka association para sa porter. Participant 7: Ang kausaban gumikan sa DENR. Is the porter association exclusive on your Barangay? Kana nga association (porter) dire r aba sa inyong barangay? Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8: yes Participanta 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8: oo How many are the members? Pila kabook miyembro ana? Participant 5: plenty, about 63 members Participant 8: it is 63 members Participant 5: Daghan, murag ug 63 Participant 8: 63 siya Are there women? Naay babaye? Participant 5: no Participant 8: no Participant 5: Wala Participant 8: wala Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8: sa tourism What is the name of the Association? Unsay ngalan sa porter nag asosayon? Participant 5: Porter’s Association Participant 5: Porter association 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management] Participant 1: there are deforested areas. Participant 2: I agree that there is change. As a DENR patroller, we observed that the forest is intact and one thing hunting of birds, wild animals is prohibited. There are wild orchids before but you can rarely see it now. Participant 3: in the lower surface deforestation noticed but it was already reforested and on the upper surface tress is dense. Participants 4, 5 & 8: there are deforested part due to logging. As of now it was prevented since DENR came in, especially with B+WISER, laws were informed and penalties imposed for those caught cutting down trees. It has really a big difference before since those deforested area were already reforested now. Participant 6: change is observed. Our elders before go to the forest and farm where ever there are trees. The moment Government, DENR come in, that was stopped. Participant 7: there is really change especially in our tribe the moment the area was adapted by the DENR, cutting of trees was stopped. The mountain regains its beauty and the tress became dense. 105 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 1: Naa nay upaw upaw na. Participant 2: Para sa akoa uyon man pud ko nana. Ako isip patroller sa DENR ga suroy mi okay pa ang atong kakahoyan ug isa pa ang mga langam, baboy ihalas bawal na pamitikon ug pang hunting mao nang sa DENR karon. Naa pay wild orchid sa una tagsa nalang karon. Participant 3: Kining naa sa ubos medyo na upaw pero natamnan na karon and sa babaw ang daghan pa makita nimo didto. Participant 4: Naay parte nga naupaw sa logging. Sa pagka karon napugngan na sa mga program. Karon sukad pagsulod sa DENR, labi na sa B+WISER murag natudlo an na sila sa pagpamutol ug kahoy tungod kay nakita na nila unsay balaod, unsay madangatan nila kung manghilabot sila ug kahoy. Sa una dako bitaw ang deperensya ka yang katong naupaw ginatamnan gyud na siya. Participant 6: Sa kausaban, sa unsa sa katigulangan mosulod lang ug lasang pataka ug galas kung naay kahoy makita. Pagsulod sa gobyerno, DENR mao ng naundang. Naay ga pamutol sa una lang panahon. Participant 7: Kato parte sa una nga wala pay DENR aduna gyuy kausaban nga parte sa among tribu, kami gyud ang maapektohan kay kami ang naa dire. Sa karon nga gi adopt na sa DENR wala nay namutol ug kahoy. Mas gwapo ang kabukiran kay naa daghang kahoy. Are there loggers before? Sa una naay namutol ug kahoy? 4. Are the IPs organized? When was your group organized? Is your organization organized through the B+WISER Project? Participants 1 to 8: yes Participants 1 to 8: naa Participant 1: yes. B+WISER has no involvement on the creation of our Association. (all agreed) Participant 2: our elder made a petition before for our Ancestral Domain. I don’t know what year that was. Participant 3: it was “Tanaig” who process for the registration. Participant 4: It was Datu Suarez Apan assisted by “Tanaig” from the Tourism Participant 5: it was Datu Apan who handles the documents. Participant 6: It was Datu Suarez Apan assisted by “Tanaig” from the Tourism Participant 7: It was Datu Suarez Apan assisted by “Tanaig” from the Tourism Participant 8: It was Datu Suarez Apan assisted by “Tanaig” from the Tourism Participant 1: Oo. Walay apil ang B+wiser sa pag-organisa sa among association Participant 2: Ang katong ga tigulang sa una, nagbuhat sila ug petition sa Ancestral domain. Ambot kung unsang tuiga narehistro na Participant 3: Si “Tanaig” ang nagprocess ana Participant 4: Si Datu Suarez Apan, nag-alalay si “Tanaig” taga tourism Participant 5: Naa kay Datu Apan nga dokumento. Participant 6: Si Datu Suarez Apan, nag-alalay si “Tanaig” taga tourism Participant 7: Si Datu Suarez Apan, nag-alalay si “Tanaig” taga tourism Participant 8: Si Datu Suarez Apan, nag-alalay si “Tanaig” taga tourism. 5. Do you receive assistance (monetary or material) from B+WISER? What type of assistance do you Participant 1: they organized 10 IP’s to monitor the forest. Participant 2: I don’t know about it sir. 106 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES receive? Participant 3: B+WISER provides aid to the Porter’s Association like bag, tents. Participant 4: we haven’t attend trainings Participant 5: there was a training for SMART LAWIN Participant 6: we haven’t attend trainings Participants 7 & 8: we haven’t attended trainings. Participant 1: Nagkuha sila napulo ka IP para mosuroy sa kabukiran. Participant 2: Wala ko kabalo ana sir Participant 3: Naay hinabang sa B+WISER didto to sa porter na asosasyon, gihatagn ug bag, mga tent Participant 4: Wla mi kaapil anang training Participant 5: Naay training sa SMART LAWIN-all Participant 6: Wla mi kaapil sa training Participants 7 & 8: Wla mi kaapil sa training Are there other support been provided? Naa pa bay lain gihahatag? Participant 1: on Bongolan(banana), that is a planned project here Participant 5: on the banana-Bongolan. Participant 1: Katong parti sa Bongolan nga saging, mao toy project nila dire, mao toy plano nila Participant 5: katong sa saging nga Bongolanon What is the support provided by the B+WISER on banana? Unsa may buhaton sa B+WISER ana nga project sa saging? Participant 1: the IP serves as a guide to B+WISER since the IP’s are more familiar with the place. Participant 5: it is on planting Participant 1: Murag nagguide lang sila (IP) ato, nagpatabang sila (B+WISER) kay silaang man ang suheto dinhi Participant 5: Magtanom man to Are there other support been provided? Naa pa bay lain nga gihatag? Participant 1: porter’s equipment Participant 5: they provide equipment to Porter’s Association like bag, sleeping bag and more. They provide complete equipment to Porter for them to use. Participant 1: naay gamit para s porter Participant 5: Naay gihatag sir sa porter associaiton katong bag, sleeping bag, tent, daghan kayo sila gihatag sir mura gi kompletohan nila ang proter association sir How many of them received the equipment? Pila kabook ang gitagaan nila ug gamit? Participant 5: it was not given; they can only use it during climbing. Participant 5: dili man ihatag sir, ang kanang mosubida lang ang maoy magamit ana How many of them usually climb? Pila kabook ang kasagara mo subida? Participant 3: it depends Participant 5: usually 5 Participant 8: 3 to 4 Participant 3: depende Participant 5: kasagara naay lima Participant 8: naay upat o tulo Is your equipment laid on the Porter’s office? Ang inyong gamit naa ra sa opisina sa porter? Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8: yes Participant 1: oo 107 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES How many sets of equipment were given? Pila ka set na siya? Participant 2: 3 bags then 6 sleeping bags Participant 4: there are flashlights.- agreed by all Participant 3: flashlight Participant 2: burner Participant 5: there are tents. On our SMART LAWIN, we bring along with us the tablet during patrolling. Sir Arnold told us, the moment we know how to operate it, they will give us the tablet. Participant 6: there are tents Participant 7: flashlight, tent Participant 8: sleeping bag, tent Participant 2: tulo ka bag tapos unom ka sleeping bag Participant 4: naay flashlight ato Participant 3: flashlight Participant 2: burner Participant 5: naay tent. Katong sa SMART LAWIN namo, pagmag-patrolling nagagunit gyud mi ug tablet. Ang storya ni sir Arnold pagmakabalo na gyud mi katong is aka tablet, ibilin na nila sa amoa, kami na ang maggunit Participant 6: tent naa Participant 7: flashlight, tent Participant 8: sleeping bag, tent In one month, what is the frequency of your patrolling? Sa is aka bulan kapila mo magpatrol? Participant 1: usually 4 times Participant 2: 4 times Participant 3: 4 times Participant 4: 4 times Participant 5: 3 to 4 times Participant 1: kasagaran upat Participant 2: upat ka beses Participant 3: ka upat Participant 4: upat Participant 5: tulo hangto upat ka beses 5a. What other assistance do you receive relative to environmental and forest management? From what sources? Participants 2, 6 & 7: we have 20% share on the income from the falls. Participant 5: we have also share on the trekking fee of Mt. Apo from the Municipal Tourism. Participant 4: most of the Porter’s trainings were conducted by the Tourism Participant 8: reforestation program is from DENR, we are compensated on planting activities. Participant 1: the Governor constructed swimming pool here in our area. Participant 3: the Barangay and LGU provides seedling Participants 2, 6 & 7: katong share s IP parti aning falls, ang kita sa falls naay porsiyento ang IP, biyente porsiyento sa income Participant 5: trekking fee pod sa Mt. Apo naa mi porsiyento gikan sa municipal tourism 108 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 4: kadaghan training sa mga porter, tourism gihapon ang naghatd Participant 8: kaning pagpatanom sa mga kahoy iya man ni sa DENR, gi sweldohan mi sa pagpananom Participant 1: na ihatag nga swimming pool gikan sa gobernador, ssila gyud ang nagpahimo Participant 3: seedling gikan sa barangay ug munisipyo 6. Did you attend or participate in any capacity building training pertaining to NRM (natural resource management) [Note: ask them to name all NRM-related trainings attended] Participant 6: almost all trainings Participant 3: Porter’s training Participant 4: Porter and SMART LAWIN training Participant 2: porter’s training Participant 1: Porter’s training Participant 7: First aid training on managing fall and fractures and also porters training. Participant 8: no Participant 5: porter’s and SMART LAWIN training Participant 6: halos tanan Participant 3: parti pang sa porter Participant 4: parti lang sa porter ug SMART LAWIN Participant 2: nakaapil pod ko ug training sa porter Participant 1: porter nga training Participant 7: naapilan pod nako nga training kanang mosaka unsaon nimo pagkuha ang nahulog, unsaon pagkuan sa bali, portertraining gihapon Participant 8: wala Participant 5: mao ra gihapon sa porters ug SMART LAWIN 6a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? Is the Tourism who conducted Porter’s training? Ang aghatag sa porter training ang tourism? Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7: yes Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7: oo Who conducted the SMART LAWIN training? Kinsa ang naghatg sa SMART LAWIN training? Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7: it was Ma’am Helen and Sir Arnold from B+WISER. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7: Si Maam Helen ug sir Arnold sa B+WISER How many days were the Porte’s training? Pila ka adlaw ang porter training? Participant 5: 3 days Participant 6: 2 days Participant 5: tulo ka adlaw Participant 6: duha ka adlaw Where is the venue of the training? Asa ang traibinbg dapit? Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7: in the Methodist (church) in Kidapawan and also here in our area. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7: Methodist sa Kidapawan, ug dire pod 6b. What did you learn from this or these training/s? Participants 3 & 2: in handling the clients, we must provide support on them in every situation like if he felt weak. Participant 7 &1: cutting of small trees is prohibited Participant 6: garbage were lessen and we also collect garbage. Participant 2: i learned in identifying the names of tress, its height and width and animal species like 109 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES birds. Participant 4: different names of trees. We must identify the wild pigs in order to take them pictures for them to be aware of its feature. And aside from that, the IP were empowered because they were taught on things so that illegal activities will be prevented. Participant 5: i learned a lot from SMART LAWIN, because i never go the forest before but now I joined every SMART LAWIN patrolling. I was able to identify different species of trees that was unknown to me. There are different trees in every area like in one area numerous of Almaciga being found compare to the other. Participant 3: pag-atiman sa cliente, pnanglit luya siya, alalayan gyud nimo Participants 7 & 1: bawal ang putlon ang gagmay nga kahoy Participant 6: wala na kayo basura, gakolekta sa basura Participant 2: nakat-onana nko sama sa kahoy, langgam mga ngalan nila, unsa kadako sa mga kahoy unsa katas Participant 4: ngalan sa kahoy, again ug baboy ihalas itudlo namo na para ma picturan, tae sa milo para makabalo sila mao na siya. Gawas pod diha nahatagn pod ug lig-on ang mga IP ba kay gitudloan na sila, napuigngan ang mga dlil maayo nga bulohaton Participant 5: dako kayo ko nakat-onan sa SAMRT LAWIN kay dati man gud wala kayo ko gaadto ug lasang, karon basta magpatrolling na ang SMART LAWIN kuyog ko, daghan ko nailhan nga mag kahoy nga wala pa nako nailhan. By area man gud, dire nga area dghan ni dire almasiga, didto nga area lahi na pod nga kahoy, na familiar na namo ang lain-lain nga kabahin sa lasang How many members are there in every patrolling? Pila kabook ang mosaka sa kada patrolling? Participant 5: Recently, we are only 7 and it is rotation. Participant 5: katong bag-o lang 7 mi kabook, rotation man pod sir 6c. What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings? Participant 5: additional knowledge and also on financial aspect. We are provided allowance 500.00 per day in every patrolling, and it is in span of 3-4 days every patrol. Participant 7: financial. Usually we go on patrolling for 3 days and we are given allowance 500.00 per day Participant 1: on equipment Participant 6: We are able to join Porter’s training. Each porter has a number every climb and climb is on rotation. Participants 2, 3, 4 & 8: we can visit other places every time there is trainings. Participant 5: dugang kahibalo tapos financial kay ginatagaan man pod mi nila ug allowance sa isa kaadla, tulo or upat mi kaadlaw didto, 500 ang adlaw Participant 7: financial, kasagaran tulo ka adlaw didto, 500 kada adlaw. Participant 1: mga gamit Participant 6: ang porter ginatraining, kada saka naay number kada usa, rotation ang pagsaka Participants 2, 3, 4 & 8: mkalaag, makaadto ug laing lugar kung naay training sa laing lugar 7. Have you or your organization participated in any enforcement activities relative to your environmental Participant 3: yes. The Porter’s Association has the right to reprimand those doing illegal activities like cutting of trees, and mining since those are prohibited. 110 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES management program of your forest resources? Participant 4: clients are not allowed to climb in Mt. Apo during fervent weather condition because of possible forest fire. Participant 5: throwing of cigarette stub is not allowed, they can smoke but the stub must be put on their pocket. Participants 1, 2, 7 & 8: we reprimand those doing illegal activities in the forest Participant 5: we informed them the laws in the area, those prohibited. Participant 6: There was a reforestation program from the DENR but it only depends on who are interested to join. It was usually the men who are participating. Participant 3: oo sir nakuanan na namo na sa porter association, naa name katunbgod nga mo badlong sa mga pasaway, mamutol ug mga kahoy, kana magkalot ug yuta didto bawal man Participant 4: halimbawa naay mga cliente nimo, panahon sa init bawal mosaka didto sa Mt. Apo kay maunsa nang Mt.Apo masunog, mao nang gilikayan lang opod bas a DENR Participant 5: kanang maglabay pod sila sa ilang upos sa sigarilyo, pwede ra manigarilyo pero ibulsa nimo Participants 1, 2, 7 & 8: ginabadlong gyud namo nang mag naghimo ug daotan sa kalangasan Participant 5: ginbapahibalo kung unsa ang among balaod dire, mga bawal Participant 6: naay pagpananom sa DENR, depende lang kung kinsa ang interesado moapil, mga lalaki mao man na kasagara makuha 7a. What is your or your organization’s role in these enforcement activities? Participants 2 & 4: monitoring Participants 7 & 3: we the IP has the right to abolish those mining because it is prohibited. Participants 5 & 8: B+WISER will contact Datu Suarez Apan prior to their visit. Participants 6 & 1: we have also the right to refuse or disagree. Participants 2 & 4: magbantay lang Participants 7 & 3: naa pod mi katungod nga halimbawa ang IP, naay mosulod nga kanang manguha ug bulawan, gibawal namo na kay dili pwede na Participants 5 & 8: kanang pag-anhi sa B+WISER mo kontak na sila daan, si Datu Suarez Apan ang ilang ginacontak Participants 6 & 1: naa pod mi katungod nga dili mi uyon,murag supak namo dili mi mouyon-all 7b. What benefits did you or your organization get from these enforcement activities? Participants 5, 1 & 4: there are no calamity happens during typhoons and that is one of the benefits we gained. Participant 2: we have fresh water to drink Participants 7, 3 & 6: we have fresh air to breathe in. Participants 5, 1 & 4: isa ka benipisyo ana, kaning magsige ug bagyo, wala mi maigo ug mga landslide Participant 2: tubig nato presko pa kayo imnon Participants 7, 3 & 6: presko ang among hangion nga ginalanghap 7c. What problems have you or your organization experienced with regard to enforcement of environmental activities Participant 7: now that we are restricted to roam around the forest, we appeal to the government to provide us any support like fertilizer. Participants 3, 1 & 8: problem on livelihood Participant 2: they are presence of laws but not strictly exercised. For example in hunting, there are 111 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES times it is permitted. Participants 4 & 5: sometimes there are loggers and use the wood for tables. Participant 6: problem is even material for housing we are prevented to procure. Participant 7: kami kay dili naman ka gala sa bukid unya mohangyo pod mi sa gobyerno nga mohatag pod sila ug ginagmay nga support kay dili naman mi ka gala sa amoang bukid. Kung unsa ang ilang pwedeng matabang sama sa abuno para sa uma Participants 3, 1 & 8: Problema sa livelihood Participant 2: naay balaod pero dili man gyud ingon nga hugot na gyud, pananglitan mang-hunting ka, naay panahon nga tugotan gihapon ka Participants 4 & 5: naay usahay naay gapamutal ug kuhaoy himoon ug table Participant 6: problema diha kay ultimo balay namo dili name kabalay kay pugngan naman mi magkuha ug kahoy 8. Are you a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8: no Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8: wala pa 9. Have you put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. Participant 6: yes, there is 170 hectares and that includes our claim. Our claim is 3,500. There is reforestation but sponsored by the DENR, the IP will do the planting and we are compensated for that. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 & 8: that is the only activity so far. Participant 6: naa, dre 170 hectare apil na sa amoa claim. 3,500 hectares man ni amoa claim. Naa pero sponsor gihapon sa DENR, suholan sa trabaho, IP ang nagtrabaho Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 & 8: mao pa gyud na karon 10. What are the livelihood projects introduced in your community in support to forest restoration activities? None None 11. Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? How did you solve them? Participant 5: there is but not that big, it is only on the seedling that are unable to grow, replanting was done-agreed by all Participant 5: naa pero gingmay ra, kana lang uban semilya dili na mabuhi, magpuna na pod 12. What are the challenges that you faced in your forest restoration activities? Participant 7: it took long for the DENR to return and pay visits and it is about years. Sustainability is difficult. Participants 8, 1 & 5: areas are not cleaned up Participant 6: there is no maintenance on the planted trees. Participant 3: i think Bongolan (Banana) can be planted inside the forest. Participant s 2 & 6: trees that were planted along the slope areas died out due to landslide. Participant 4: problem is on the small number of people who work on planting activities because of the limited budget. 112 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 7: dugay-dugay ni mabalik gyud, pila pa katuig usa duawon sa DENR, maglisod lang gihapon Participants 8, 1 & 5: dili ma limpyohan Participant 6: walay magmentar na mga gipatanom Participant 3: sa mga kahoy diha pwede man siguro Bongolan ipatunga Participants 2 & 6: mamatay ang gipangtanom labaw na sa bakilid tungod sa landslide Participant 4: problema pod diha gamay ra ang mo trabaho sa pagtanom kay gumikan gamay ang budget 13. What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by your IP group in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8: Tree planting Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8: Katong pagpananom 14. Are these activities effective? Please explain. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 & 8: yes Participant 6: we can protect our natural resources. Participant 5: increase planting activities, increases tree population. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 & 8: oo Participant 6: makadepensa gihapon sa atoang kinaiyahan Participant 5: makadugang ug tanom, madugangan ang mga kahoy 15. In what activities related to forest/ watershed/PA protection and management are the IPs tapped? Participant 7: we have rituals in Mt. Apo before starting any programs and we are invited on that. Participant 5: the IPs well get there in advance every time there are programs since we are more familiar with the place. Participant 7: naa, sa dili pa sugdan ang program ritual sa Mt. Apo giimbitar ang taga dire Participant 5: mga IP ang silbi mag-una didto kung naay mga programa kay mas suheto sa bukid 16. Any problems encountered by your group relative to your inclusion or exclusion (participation and non￾participation) in activities related to forest / watershed / PA protection and management? Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8: No Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8: wala man 17. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. Participant 5: i noticed there was from B+WISER then DENR and in connection with the Barangay. It was distributed to the tribal leaders and Brgy.Officials only. I noticed it’s a paper like material (leaflets). Participants 7, 2, 4, 3, 6 & 1: the community were aware because it was presented to the people. Participant 5: naa to siya B+WISER, tapos DENR, connected sa barangay, LGU, naa to siya, ang mga gipangtagaan ato is kato ra pod mga leaders, branagy officials, mura siya ug papel Participants 7, 2, 4, 3, 6 & 1: kabalo man ang communidad kay ang mga leader gipasabot man sa mga tawo 18. Are they effective? In what way? Participant 5: it is effective because it is one of their basis to strictly implement the law. Participants 7, 8, 1, 2, 3 & 4: no since some are not aware Participant 6: everyone must be summoned for them to be aware to prevent unavoidable circumstance. Participant 5: during clean-up drive, B+WISER install a tarpaulin in Bongolanon for that activity 113 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 5: epektibo gyud kay mao man to silbi gibasihan nila nga hugot na gyud ang balaod Participants 7, 8, 1, 2, 3 & 4: dili gihapon sir kay wala man kabalo ang uban Participant 6: dapat ipatawag gyud ang tanan tawo para makabalo para walay kakulian Participant 5: nakabutang ug tarpaulin ang B+WISER katong paghinlo sa bukid, clean up drive kato siya, dako kayo nga tarpaulin didto sa Bongolanon 19. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems? Participant s 7, 1, 3 & 4: it was only the leader who are aware since he was the only one were given leaflets. The leader summoned for an assembly and presented what they have implemented. Participant 5: the leader must re-echo to the community the ways/methods in order for us to be aware. Participants 7, 1, 3 & 4: ang lider ra man ang nakahibalo kay mao ra man pod ang gihatagan ug mga papel. Gapatawag na pod ang mga lider nga mao ni ang among nahimo Participant 5: kung ikaw lider nga gitagaan ato dapat e-reeco nimo sa community nga mao ni ang pamaagi para makabalo ang wala nakabalo 20. What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? Participant 5: information dissemination is not difficult granting you have materials to use. Participant 6: the leader must be the one to inform the community on any programs so that we are aware. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 & 8: the community are easily to be inform. Participant 5: Dili lisod ang pagpahibalo kung naay igo nga materyales Participant 6: dapat ang leader gyud ang mopahibalo sa katawhan nga mao ni ang mga programa sa gobyerno, para makabalo pod ang mga tawo Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 & 8: dali ra man pahibal-on ang mga kataw-han 21. What lessons/positive experiences can you share with us as an IP or as a member of the IP association? Participant 3: on the protection, we made a petition before that we will be the one protecting our area. Participant 6: as a porter member, I was taught on how to assemble tents; must know how to cook and must do his obligations so that the climber/client will be happy and satisfied. Participants 4 & 8: we met different kind of people Participant 6: we met Americans and we are having difficulties to communicate (English language), a guide who has capability must be with them. Participant 7: compare to other trail, they are not organized and they steal on clients but here in Magpet we never do that, if we have found something we return it to the owner. Participant 2: B+WISER taught us in operating the tablet Participant 7: as one of the tribe, I am able to socialize with the clients even I don’t understand what they’re saying, sign language is use instead (everyone laughed). Participant 5: what we can brag here in our area is on our effort to help in protecting the forest in order to preserve our resources. Participant 1: our Porter’s Association were already registered to DOLE and we protect our natural resources. 114 IP Tahamaling Waterfalls, Bongolanon, Magpet, North Cotabato QUESTIONS RESPONSES Participant 2: my experience is I was able to participate in a training, I am thankful to B+WISER they conducted trainings because I acquire so much knowledge about it. Participant 3: sa akoa lang, kaning proteksiyon sa, sauna man gud mao gani naghimo mi ug petition aron kami amg magproteksiyon sa area nga kutob sa sakop namo Participant 6: parti sa akoa isip miyembro sa porter, ginatudlo sa amoa ang pagtaod ug tent, ikaw nga porter ka kabalo ka moluto, unya unsay obligation nimo, mao to imonjg himoon pod para malingaw pod ang imong climber Participants 4 & 8: nkatagbo mi lain-lain nga klse nga tao Participant 6: nakatagbo mi ug mga amerikano, unya dili man mi kablo nga mi iningles, magdala lang gyud ug guide nga kabalo. Participant 8: makatubang gihaopon klase-klase nga mga tawo Participant 7: siguro pod base namo sa pikas nga trail ang ila didto wala ma organized, wala sila ma￾organized nga porter, manghilabot sila pero dire sa amoa nga sidew sa Magpet, wala cliente nga nmakaingon nga “naay nwala sa amoa”, kung naay nakit-an namo nga mga gamit ibalik namo sa tag-iya Participant 2: sa B+WISER kasagaran mo tudlo sila, bisan pa lang paggunit sa tablet Participant 7: ako isa ko ka lumad, kung naay cliente maabi-abi gihapon nako bahalag dili kasabot basta sinyas-sinyas lang Participant 5: ang ikapanghambog gyudn namo dire sa amoa, tungod sa amoang pagtabang sa pagprotect namo sa amoang bukid, dako kayo mi katabang ana kay kung opaw ang among bukid magkahinay pod ni ang amoang falls, ang amoang resource Participant 1: narehistro na gyud sa DOLE ang among porters association unya usa pod sa amoa magproteksiyon sa kinaiyahan Participant 2: experience nako san g training, dko ko ug pasalamat sa B+WISER nga nagconduct sila ug mga training kay daghan mi ug natun-an 115 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 1. What is the present status of your forest area? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Reiterated to the participants and all said yes to agree. “Ang sitwasyon sa kalasangan karon naa pa gyuy daghang kahoy. Naa pay nagka laing laing klase sa hayop ug langam.” Participant 1: There is already less trees because of logging. Uway has been harvested. Participant 2: Mostly there is mining activity but the birds are still continued to be monitored. Participant 3: There is still occurrence of Illegal logging and harvesting of uway that is not in this area but on the other side. Participant 4: I observe many birds, like alimukon, and there are still plenty of binaw during my patrolling in the forest. Participant 5: Since the forest guard was organized and in my monitoring in the forest, I still observe illegal activity here in our area to a minimal, relatively we still have trees, birds as what have been said. There are still butiti, kasili, frog in our watershed. FGD with Obu-Manuvu Forest Guard, Brgy., Carmen, 25 November 2015, Baguio District, Davao City 116 Participant 6: What we have observed in the forest is there are still many trees and birds. Participant 7: I still observe plenty of uway on my way to patrolling the area and plenty of igim and almasiga, baboy ihalas, alimukon, and binaw. Participant 8: One thing I find there that abaca and uway are being harvested. I also see birds and some animals. Participant 9: In my observation through the use of tablet we identify and counted the trees, the birds and familiarize the sound of animals. There are still a lot of trees. There are no more “illegal,” but uway are still harvested. Participant 10: In my observation of Brgy Carmen forest, in the early times we don’t have people aggressively protecting the forest. Logging is easily done but since forest guards came around this has become less. Actually we cannot completely rid illegal activity but now violators are controlled to penetrate the area. The state of our forest is still virgin. All different kinds of birds and trees are still there in our protected area. Participant 11: In my observation, our mountain is majestic as mentioned earlier that all different kinds of trees and animals are still present. Everything is still intact. It is better now that forest guards are around to protect it. In the early times, they say, harvesting of abaca and uway were prevalent before forest guards were formed. This is now organized with gratitude to Sir Joshua (form PEF) who spearheaded in forming the forest guards. It is really important to protect the forest. Participant 12: Note: this partipant came in during the middle of the FGD. Participant 1: Kanang kuan kulang nag mga kahoy tungod sa pang gabas ug tungod sa mga uway nga gipang harvest Participant 2: Kasagaran naay mga mining pero continue gihapon ang pag monitor kay daghan pa man mga langam. Participant 3: Ang kuan karon sa bukid adunay gahimo ug illegal sama sa ana ila gina ingon nga adunay naga harvest sa mga uway nga dili sakop sa dire nga area sa ubang area. Participant 4: Ang ako pung na obserbaran sa kalasangan samtang naga duty mi naay daghan mga kuan didto nga langam, mga alimukon unya naa pay daghang mga binaw. Participant 5: Ako pud samtang naga monitor pud ko sa lasang sukad namugna ni amoang forest guard, sa akoa lang pud nakita didto sa dinhi sa amoang lasang karon is naa may mga illegal but sa amoa gyud nga gina bantayan is naa may panagsa nga illegal pero ang kasagaran gyud is naa pa gyud tay mga kahoy, naa pa tay mga langgam sama sa gi ingon niya. Sa atong katubigan naa pay hayop pud sama sa butiti, kasili, baki, naa pa gyud na. Pero unsang klase nga mga illegal kanang gina ingon nimo sama sa mga unsa? Sama anang manguha ug uway pero didtong dapita wala gyud mga gabas sama ana wala pa na nahitabo. Participant 6: Ang among na obserbaran sa atong kabukiran is daghan man gihapon sya mga kahoy, mga langam. Participant 7: Sa akong pag duty, na obserbahan pud nako tuod adunay mga uway dire sa maagian namo pero didto sa gi monitoran namo daghan gyud kaayo mga igim, unya kining almasiga, 117 kining baboy ihalas, unya kuan alimukon, unya kining binaw. Participant 8: Usa pud sa ako, nakita pud nako didto nga mga abaca usahay gina harvest, uway pud. Nakita pud nako didto mga langam, mga kahayopan. Participant 9: Sa ako pung na obserbaran sa amoang pag duty didto is kanang naga ano man mi ug tablet tapos gina ihap namo ang kahoy, unsay pangalan sa kahoy, mga langam, ang tunog sa kanang mga hayop. Sa imong obserbasyon daghan pa gihapon kahoy karon? O daghan pa gihapon wala nay ga illegal didto ug kahoy, kana lang uway. Participant 10: Para pud sa akong obserbasyon alang sa Brgy Carmen diha sa kalasangan, kung nakita nato ang sitwasyon sa atong kalasangan sa unang mga panahon wala pay ginatawag nga mag protekta sa mga kalasangan yano ra kaayo sa mga panundon sa mga magbuhat ug kanang mga illegal kanang mag gabas ug kahoy pero sa diha nga naga sugod na ang kaning forest guards mura medyo ug ni kalma. Actually di man gyud nato maingon nga wala na gyud pero dunay mga panagsa pero sa pagka karon dili na gyud kaayo sila maka sulod. So ang atong kalasangan diha virgin forest pa gyud siya. Tanan sa mga klase sa langam naa diha o tanan klase sa mga kahoy naa gyud diha sa atong gibantayan karon diha nga area. Participant 11: Ang akoa pud sa akong obserbasyon sa bukid pinaka nindot gyud kaayo sya kay sumala sa gi ingon ganiha tanan pa nga parte sa kahoy, tanan klase sa hayop naa pa. Tanan tanan gyud naa pa gyud siya. Usa pud nga mas bintaha gyud diay nga naa gyuy ingon ani ba nga forest guard kay ma protektahan nimo. Sa una noong panahon katong ingon nila nga harvest ug abaca, uway sa una noon to katong wala pa gi mugna ning forest guards. Sa karon nga natukod galing ni pasalamat gani mi aning Sir Joshua diin isa sya nakapa tukod aning forest guards. Ang kalasangan gyud importante gyud sya nga protektahan gyud sya. 118 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 2. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? (Aduna ba kamoy programa sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan sa inyong komunidad?) 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa programa sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan?) 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna bay mga kausaban sa inyong programa sa pagdumala sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini ug unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) Summarized responses and reiterated: Do we all agree that the changes now are due the tribal policy and our partnership with the Philippine Eagle Foundation and that we have improved more on our policy? Sa akoa, importante gyud nga sundon gyud ang mga policy kun unsay nakabutang. Kinahanglan pud sa amoa nga mga forest guard naay pag unity, naay pagka understanding sa matag usa kay mag unsa man ang mga balaod kung wala na. Sa akoa gyud kinahanglan gyud na. Sa akoa pud kinahanglan gyud ang pag monitoring nga sama sa gi ingon nila ganina para malikayan ang mga illegal, perminte pud mi maka protektar sa kinaiyahan. Participant 3: Samtang kami naga duty pud anaa pud mi ginapatuman nga balaod nga ginabawal ang pagputol ug kahoy ug paglabay ug mga basura. Participant 1: Part of our responsibility is we have nursery project. Each of us takes five trees from the project to plant in the area above. The nursery project is maintained by our group. Participant 2: For me, it is important to abide with the policy. There should be unity and understanding among us forest guards because the policy will not be effective if we don’t observe this. Monitoring is also important as what they said to prevent illegal activity and in that way we can always protect our environment Participant 3: Part of our responsibility is to implement the prohibition law on illegal logging and littering. Participant 4: Agreed to responses of Participants 11 & 10. Participant 5: As what have been said earlier, if possible roving should not only be done every month but everyday. This activity must be done religiously to closely monitor the events considering there are outsiders around the area so if we can’t protect and guard it, it possible for trespassers to take anything what’s there. Participant 6: Forest guards must perform their duty to protect the forest. Participant 7: For me, everytime we go up when we see cut or barren trees we immediately replant to replace it. This is always done during our roving schedule. Participant 8: For me also, every month is hardwork to see to it the happenings in the forest, observing thriving trees, or cutting of abaca. Participant 9: We just started with our policy here in our group created by the tribal officials and the members Participant 10: We do something every month in our roving in the forest. That’s what’s being done so the forest is not taken for granted taking turns in a month in group with six people who do the roving to check around for illegal logging i.e. cutting of trees and burning. By doing so, we no longer see people because they become reluctant due to this patrolling we perform each month to protect in guarding our forest. Participant 11: There is a law that we abide to in the forest management here to protect it. What the elders say about it this must the followed. Participant 1: Kanang pag duty bitaw namo naay project namo diha nga “nursery,” kada usa namo mudala ug kahoy lima kabook para itanom didto sa babaw. Kinsay ga mintinar sa nursery? Kami gihapon nga grupo. Unsang tuiga nagsugod nga namugna ang palisiya? Mga 2008. Participant 2: Sa akoa, importante gyud nga sundon gyud ang mga policy kun unsay nakabutang. Kinahanglan pud sa amoa nga mga forest guard naay pag unity, naay pagka understanding sa matag usa kay mag unsa man ang mga balaod kung wala na. Sa akoa gyud kinahanglan gyud na. Sa akoa pud kinahanglan gyud ang pag monitoring nga sama sa gi ingon nila ganina para malikayan ang mga 119 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) illegal, perminte pud mi maka protektar sa kinaiyahan. Participant 3: Samtang kami naga duty pud anaa pud mi ginapatuman nga balaod nga ginabawal ang pagputol ug kahoy ug paglabay ug mga basura. Participant 4: Agreed to responses of Participants 11 & 10. Participant 5: Sama pud sa gina ingon ganina, para pud sa koa kung pwede lang gani ang pag roving dili na kada bulan mahitabo. Kailangan gyud tumanon kay para mabantayan gyud namo kung unsa gyud ang ginabuhat kay dili lang gud kita nga mga tao dinhi, dili lang kita ang naa dinhi kun dili daghan nagpalibot nga kasikbit anang mga lugara, so kung dili sya mo protektahan, dili sya mabantayan posible naa gyud makasulod manguha gyud anang naa gyud diha. Participant 6: Kinahanglan gyud mo duty ang mga forest guide aron pagprotektar sa lasang. Participant 7: Sa akoa pud, kanang magsubida mi nakita namo nga naay kahoy nga namatay na kanang nangatumba, kambyuhan na. Magtanom napud ka utro. Samtang ga roving pulihan diretso katong mga kahoy nga nangatumaba. Participant 8: Ang akoa pud, kada bulan man gyud kinahanglan nga kugi gyud kanunay kada bulan ginatan aw gyud namo kung unsay nahitabo sa kalasangan naa bay gatubong kahoy, naa bay nagputol ug mga abaca. Participant 9: Sa amoa pud dire bag o na namo gisugdan naa puy mga policy ani. Kinsay gahimo sa mga palisiya? Kining mga opisyales sa tribal ug mga members Participant 10: Alang sa pag protect sa kalasangan, kanang mag duty ta naa man tay ginabuhat kada bulan. Mao nay ginabuhat para kanang lasang diha si sya mapasagdan tungod kay ma round na siya sulod sa isa ka bulan naay grupo nga tag unom ka tao nga mosaka didto aron nga molibot aron makita, malantaw didto unsa ang ginabuhat sa mga tao kun nag galas ba nagsunog o nagpanumbag kahoy. Sa gapagabuhaton namo na naay musibida didto wala mi makita didto kay ngano man ang mga tao pud managana na kay naa may kada bulan ginahimo nga para mag proteksyon para magbantay sa kalasangan. Participant 11: Dire sa pagdumala anang kalasangan nato aduna gyud nay balaod nga sundon para kanang mga matang diha sa kalasangan ma protektahan gyud na sya kay kung unsay istorya sa mga katigulangan mao gyud na sya atong sundon. Participant 1 - There is a big change because the group has improved Participants 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 – Agreed to what has been summarized and reiterated Participant 5 - There is a big change because in the early days that we don’t have the tribal leaders, we, the indigenous people can take just anything, we don’t have limitations, even frog we take it and everything. But with the policy now we abide and implement it. Participant 11 - Here in our tribe we care less about the animals in the mountain, we don’t think about the importance to protect it. When the Philippine Eagle Foundation came who organized the group they introduced to us the policy who have been in the work for a long time and have much learning and knows the right thing to do and they extended this to us 120 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) which we follow until now. Participant 1 - Dako ang kausaban tungod kay nag uswag na ang grupo. Participants 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 – Agreed to what has been summarized and reiterated Participant 5 - Dako ang kausaban tungod kay sa unang mga panahon nga wala pa ang mga kaning mga tribal leaders, kami nga mga lumad sa bukid okay lang sa amoa nga bisag unsa among kuhaon, dili mi mo kuan ug mga limitasyon, baki pwede ra na namo kwaon tanan. Pero sa pagka karon nga naa nay balaod amoa pong patumanon mao napud na amoang ginapasunod. Participant 11 - Kini gyung sa among tribu gyud sa una baliwala ra gyud nang mga hayop sa bukid, wala ra gyud namo na gihuna huna nga angay diay na protektahan diay na sya. Sa diha karon nga niabot pud diha sa amoa ang Philipine Eagle, sila gyud ang naka kuan ana ug nakapatukod ani nga grupo. Sila ang naghatag sa amo adtong sama adtong mga policy kay sila sa kadugayan pud nila nagtrabaho daghan gyud ilang nakat onan nga tama gyud ilang buhaton man na nga ilang gipa abot dire sa amoa pud so mao pud na among ginasunod hangtod karon. 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna ba kamoy nakitang kausaban sa inyong kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini? Unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management program] Niagi ba ug kaupaw o gamay nalang ang hayop? Naa bay kausban ang sitwasyon sa una ug karon? Riterated response to the participants and all said yes to agree. “Uyon ta tanan nga ang kausaban sa atoang kalasangan karon katong na logging-ngan sa una natamnan nato balik. Naghinay hinay na ug tubo.” Participants 1 & 3 – Agreed to responses Participant 2 - In regard to garbage, this is thrown everywhere. Now that the forest guards have been organized, we experience not to carelessly throw garbage. The change started when the Philippine Eagle Foundation became our partner in 2008. Prohibition law in the forest is big change which takes part in preservation and protection of the Philippine Eagle. Participant 4 - The mountain is separated in two types, there’s blue and green. The green is trespassed. The blue has not been entered by illegal logging. There are still plenty of trees in the area. The change started when the Philippine Eagle Foundation became our partner in 2008. Prohibition law in the forest is big change which takes part in preservation and protection of the Philippine Eagle. Participant 5 - For me, we can just take anything in the forest before when there was no organization and ordinances but presently we can no longer do that. We don’t cut trees anymore because we are protecting it and try to restore the forest because if this will be gone we will experience possible flood, landslide and that we will be protected from it. The change started when the Philippine Eagle Foundation became our partner in 2008. Prohibition law in the forest is big change which takes part in preservation and protection of the Philippine Eagle. Participant 6 - Agreed to response of participant 7. The change started when the Philippine Eagle Foundation became our partner in 2008. Prohibition law in the forest is big change which takes part in preservation and protection of the Philippine Eagle. Participant 7 - In the past, logging is very common in the forest but since we have started our work there change has been relevant because we no longer observe logging due to our 121 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) visibility. I really want us to go up there patrolling to guard the environment. The change started when the Philippine Eagle Foundation became our partner in 2008. Prohibition law in the forest is big change which takes part in preservation and protection of the Philippine Eagle. Participant 8 - Each of us is prohibited to cut trees especially that we are tasked to patrol. We attend seminar from DENR and when we cut trees we lose our job. We have to be on guard and when we see unnecessary logging we report it to the barangay. The change started when the Philippine Eagle Foundation became our partner in 2008. Prohibition law in the forest is big change which takes part in preservation and protection of the Philippine Eagle. Participant 9 - Agreed to response of participant 11. The change started when the Philippine Eagle Foundation became our partner in 2008. Prohibition law in the forest is big change which takes part in preservation and protection of the Philippine Eagle. Participant 10 - For me, the change is really significant because in the past logging is very rampant. In the past, logging and burning has been indulged on and you can notice logging is being saturated towards the forest. Presently, there is significant change because logging has become less. We will now observe the restoration of the forest. It is now able to protect the watershed because the number one being protected by it is our water that’s what’s being protected by the forest guards, as well as the entire tribe so not to be destroyed. In the past, reckless fishing is also observed in the mount using poison. Currently, we now have proper fishing method like for binaw. We abide with the new policy in fishing making sure that it will not cause destruction or possible extinct of animals. The change started when the Philippine Eagle Foundation became our partner in 2008. Prohibition law in the forest is big change which takes part in preservation and protection of the Philippine Eagle. Participant 11 - Rignt now trees are slowly restored, it’s slowly growing because this is monitored. In the past, trees are really huge until they mature and are replaced with new. These were all lost when logging took place. When we see trees now this is due to the effort of protecting our forest. Our area covered is approximately 4,000has. The one we call virgin is the area that has not been saturated by people where it’s above farther. Area below has been saturated by logging. In the uppermost part is the most virgin because this has not been reached by people. We are continuing to protect it preventing people to move upward and with this, trees that have been cut are slowly thriving. The change started when the Philippine Eagle Foundation became our partner in 2008. Prohibition law in the forest is big change which takes part in preservation and protection of the Philippine Eagle. Participant 1 & 3 – Agreed to responses 122 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 2 - Parte sa basura bisan asa lang ilabay. Sa karon nga namugna ang forest guard nasinati na namo nga dili ra diay pataka ug labay sa mga basura. Nagsugod ang kausaban tungod sa pagsulod sa Philippine Eagle Foundation adtong 2008 sila mao ang partner. Tungod sa pagbawal sa lasang ug dako ang kausaban pud sa pag preserve sa Philipine Eagle kay ato kining gi protektahan. Participant 4 - Kanang bukid, duha man gud ni ka klase kanang blue ug green. Ang green mao nang masudlan. Ang blue wala gyud nasudlan ug illegal logging. Daghan pa gyud nang mga kahoy diha. Nagsugod ang kausaban tungod sa pagsulod sa Philippine Eagle Foundation adtong 2008 sila mao ang partner. Tungod sa pagbawal sa lasang ug dako ang kausaban pud sa pag preserve sa Philipine Eagle kay ato kining gi protektahan. Participant 5 - Sa akoa lang pud, kanang lasang man gud sa una nga wala pay mga organisasyon nga wala pay mga pamalaod pwede ra na namong galason sa una, sa pagka karon dili na. Wala na gyud sya ginakuhaan ug kahoy ug unsa dinha kay ang amoa gi protektaran gyud namo sya nga mahimo syang lasang kay kung mawala man gud na sya diha kami pud posible mi maabtan ug baha, o landslide so kana gyud among ga protektaran. Nagsugod ang kausaban tungod sa pagsulod sa Philippine Eagle Foundation adtong 2008 sila mao ang partner. Tungod sa pagbawal sa lasang ug dako ang kausaban pud sa pag preserve sa Philipine Eagle kay ato kining gi protektahan. Participant 6 - Agreed to response of participant 7. Nagsugod ang kausaban tungod sa pagsulod sa Philippine Eagle Foundation adtong 2008 sila mao ang partner. Tungod sa pagbawal sa lasang ug dako ang kausaban pud sa pag preserve sa Philipine Eagle kay ato kining gi protektahan. Participant 7 - Sa unang panahon naa gyuy mag galas diha sukad sa pagtrabaho na namo dako na gyud ang kausaban kay wala nami nagsubida didto nga naay mang galas, manumba ug kahoy tungod sa among pag duty didto. Gusto gyud nako nga naa gyuy makasubida didto nga mag duty aron mabantayan gyud ang kalasangan. Nagsugod ang kausaban tungod sa pagsulod sa Philippine Eagle Foundation adtong 2008 sila mao ang partner. Tungod sa pagbawal sa lasang ug dako ang kausaban pud sa pag preserve sa Philipine Eagle kay ato kining gi protektahan. Participant 8 - Kami kada usa gyud namo ginabawal gyud mi nga magputol ug kahoy kay syempre kami man gyud musibida. Naga seminar pud mi sa DENR kay kung magputol mi ug kahoy mawala pud atong trabaho. Kinahanglan gyud nga bantayan gyud namo kung naa mi makit a didto nga magputol ug kahoy e-report gyud namo sa barangay kung masakpan namo sila magputol ug kahoy. Mao pud na among ginabantayan. Nagsugod ang kausaban tungod sa pagsulod sa Philippine Eagle Foundation adtong 2008 sila mao ang partner. Tungod sa pagbawal sa lasang ug dako ang kausaban pud sa pag preserve sa Philipine 123 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Eagle kay ato kining gi protektahan. Participant 9 - Agreed to response of participant 11. Nagsugod ang kausaban tungod sa pagsulod sa Philippine Eagle Foundation adtong 2008 sila mao ang partner. Tungod sa pagbawal sa lasang ug dako ang kausaban pud sa pag preserve sa Philipine Eagle kay ato kining gi protektahan. Participant 10 - Para sa akoa dako gyud kaayo ang kausaban kay sa unang panahon makita gyud nimo diha nga grabe gyud ang mga galas diha sa una, pahutak lang ug galas unya, pangsunogon unya makita ba nimo nga halos mu abanti na gyud didto sa kalasangan ang pagpamutol sa kahoy. Sa karon adunay dakong kausaban tungod kay wala naman kaayoy mogalas didto. Karon makita nato ang atong kalasangan mabuhi gyud kay mo protekta gyud sya sa tubig ka yang number wan gyud nga gi protekhan anang lasang ang tubig mao giprotektahan pud sa mga forest guards, mga tao sa mga tribu nga kanang lasang di gyud na sya maunsa. Dako kaayo ang kausban kay sa una man gung panahaon ang isda sa kaburin kay sa una magpataka ra man ug panghilo so mawala ang isda. Sa pagka karon dunay kausaban. Aduna man mi insakto nga pamaagi sa pagkuha sa isda sama sa binaw nga di gyud sya mangalata ug masayang. Sa karon gi usab na gyud ang palisi, pwede man makakuha pero kanang dili bitaw madaot ang kahayupan ug dili mawala. Nagsugod ang kausaban tungod sa pagsulod sa Philippine Eagle Foundation adtong 2008 sila mao ang partner. Tungod sa pagbawal sa lasang ug dako ang kausaban pud sa pag preserve sa Philipine Eagle kay ato kining gi protektahan. Participant 11 - Sa karon mubalik na gyud nang mga kahoy hinay hinay na gyud sya kadagko kay ginabantayan. Sa una man gung panahon dagko gyud nang mga kahoy hantod maabtan syay katigulangon niya so syempre mawala naman gyud na siya ang mopuli napud ana niya kanang mga gagmay mao tong maabtan napud anang galas galas nahurot gyud sya so karon naa gyud tay makit an tungod sa pag proteksyon sa kalasangan. Kana among area mukabat ug 4,000 has. Ang ginatawag nga “virgin” kanang wala na gyud naabtan ug tawo naa sa taas na gyud kaayo, ang naa sa ubos ana naabtan gyud na ug logging sa una, gipang galas. Sa unahan ana pinaka virgin gyud to kay wa gyud naabtan ug mga tao pa. Sa karon ginaprotektahan na man gyud namo ang mga tawo wala na sila nakapadayon ug saka, hangtod pud ni baba sila hinayhinay ug tubo ilang naputol. Nagsugod ang kausaban tungod sa pagsulod sa Philippine Eagle Foundation adtong 2008 sila mao ang partner. Tungod sa pagbawal sa lasang ug dako ang kausaban pud sa pag preserve sa Philipine Eagle kay ato kining gi protektahan. 4. Are the IPs organized? When was your organized in your community? Was it organized through the B+WISER project? (Organisado ba ang IP. Kanus-a natukod ang inyong organisasyon sa inyong komunidad? Aduna bay kalambigitan ang B+WISER project sa Participant 1 - It’s Datu. The Tribal Elders organized it. I haven’t heard of B+WISER. There are three of them who organized the forest guards, the Rotary Club, EGIP Foundation and the Philippine Eagle Foundation. Participants 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 – Agreed to all responses Participant 5 - It has been 6 years around 2009 when it started. There is staffs from Philippine Eagle 124 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) pagkatukod niini?) Foundation. There is one staff who handles our nursery project. We have also built a cooperative in our organization. I haven’t heard of B+WISER. There are three of them who organized the forest guards, the Rotary Club, EGIP Foundation and the Philippine Eagle Foundation. Participant 10 - Before PEF and EGIP, and other NGOS came in the tribal group has already existed. In fact, our Datu, a chieftain has formed the Obu-Manovo who, claimants of the forest. When several agencies came and communicated with Datu, it has been found that the Carmen forest is the biggest area and still has animals left. The first who organized is “Ariel,” (from Rotary Club) asked permission from Datu and had been granted. And then came to approach people from PEF. They proposed to set the forest as habitat for the Eagle. Before they all came, Obu-Manovo is already organized, with set of officials. There has originally been a tribe, long been on the lookout. Until then PEF entered the plans and policy were created. Forest guard is PEF partner. Primarily, forest guard is there to guard the Philippine Eagle and Sir Joshua told us to include to lookout of the forest as well. I haven’t heard of B+WISER. There are three of them who organized the forest guards, the Rotary Club, EGIP Foundation and the Philippine Eagle Foundation. Participant 1 - Si Datu. Ang tribal Elders ang nagtukod. Wala pa nakadungog sa B+WISER. Tulo gyud ni sila ang nag organisa sa forest guard, ang Rotary Club, EGIP (NGO), ug ang Philippine Eagle Foundation. Participant 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 – Agreed to all responses Participant 5 - 6 years na mga 2009 nagsugod. Naay staff sa Philippine Eagle. Naay staff gagunit sa among nursery project. Naa pud mi organisasyon nga gihimo namong cooperative. Wala pa nakadungog sa B+WISER. Tulo gyud ni sila ang nag organisa sa forest guard, ang Rotary Club, EGIP (NGO), ug ang Philippine Eagle Foundation. Participant 10 - Kaning grupo sa tribe, sa wala pa gyud ning Philippine Eagle ug EGIP, mga NGO nga nagsulod naa na gyuy grupo sa mga tribu. Gani ang amoang datu nga chieftain nga wala pa na sila daan na gyud naay obu-manovo nga nagclaim sa mga kalasangan, sa pag abot sa time nga nisulod sila dinhi nakipag kuminikasyon sila ni datu kung naa pa bay dako nga lasang ug gisusi gyud u gang nakita nga pinakadako nga lasang gyud nga nabilin nga mga hayop diha gyud sa Carmen. So ang pinaka una gyud nag organize mao si “Ariel (Rotary Club),” nananghid ni datu ug ni uyon siya. Niduol napud dayon ang mga taga Philippine Eagle. Nananghid kung pwede ba buhian ang bukid ug agila. Sa wala pa na sila daan na nga naay organization ang obu-manuvu, daan na nga naay mga opisyales, daan na nga naay tribal. Daan na gabantay nami. Sukad nga nag abot sila (Philippine Eagle) diha na nga nahimo ang mga plano ug mga balaod. Ang forest guard mao ka partner sa PEF. Nahimo gyud ning forest guard tungod sa pagbantay sa Philippine Eagle ug nag ingon pud si Sir Joshua nga apilon pud ang pagbantay sa kalasangan. Wala pa nakadungog sa B+WISER. Tulo gyud ni sila ang nag organisasa forest guard, ang Rotary Club, EGIP 125 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 4a. How many members are there in your BantayGubat? How many men? How many women? (Pila ka buok ang miyembro sa BantayGubat? Pila kanila ang lalaki, pila ang babaye?) [Note: If there are no women members, ask why] 4b. How big (may be in hectares) is the coverage of your BantayGubat or foot patrol? (Unsa ka dako o pila ka ektarya ang gilangkuban ninyo sa BantayGubat (foot patrol)? Unsa inyong responsibilidad sa pagka karon isip Ovu￾Manuvu? (NGO), ug ang Philippine Eagle Foundation. Participants 1 to 11 - It started with 20 members. 10 men. 10 women. Currently there are 39 members with 20 men and 19 women after 6 years. Participants 1 to 11 - 3,000has Participants 1 to 11 - Pagsugod 20 ka miyembro. 10 ka laki; 10 ka baye. Karon unom ka tuig nilabay 39 na ka miyembro. 20 ka laki; 19 ka bayi. Participants 1 to 11 - 3,000has Participants 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 - Dili lang sa pagprotekta kundili dapat kami pud mi nga mudugang pa sama anang pagtanum sa mga na upaw na nga kalasangan. Participant 4 - Pareha ra man gyud adtong istoryaha ganiha, mudugang pa gyud mi ug mga tanom pareha sa among mga uma pareha adtong project namo nga cacao para sa among panginabuhian. 5. Did you attend or participate in any ELE (Environment Law Enforcement) training organized by B+WISER project (e.g. LAWIN or (Landscape and Wild Life Indicators)? (Nakatambong ba kamo ug mga pagbansay kalabot sa pagpatuman sa mga balaod alang sa kinaiyahan (sama sa ELE) nga gipasiugda sa B+WISER (eg, LAWIN)? [Note: ask them to name all other NRM-related trainings attended] 5a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? (Kinsa ang naghatag sa pagbansay ug unsa kadugay kini gipahigayon?) 5b. What did you learn from this or these training/s? (Unsay mga kaayuhan ang imong nakuha sa pagbansay?) 5c. What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings? (Unsay kaayuhan sa maong pagbansay alang sa imong komunidad?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 &10 - Yes I have attended the LAWIN training by B+WISER for 3days. The DENR training on illegal logging – laws and procedure of apprehending which includes measuring the size of what has been logged for 1day training. I have also attended the training on bird watching, how to identify birds conducted by PEF for 3days. Participants 6 & 11 - I haven’t attended any training. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 - Oo naka apil ko ug LAWIN training sa B+WISER sulod sa tulo ka adlaw. Sa DENR pud kanang naay mag illegal logging kung unsaon nimo sila pagharang, unya mga pila sya ka taas ug kadakoon sa mga kahoy. Usa ka adlaw nga training. Naka apil pud ug training mahitungod sa bird watching, pag identity sa mga langam nga gi conduct sa PEF for 3days. Ang tingog sa langam ug unsa nga langam imong nadunggan Participants 6 & 11 - Wala ko ka apil. Participant 1- I learned to identify type of birds and its sound. Participant 2 - What I learned is on how to apprehend the proper way in illegal logging. Participant 3 - I learned counting the almasiga and measuring its size with B+WISER training. Participant 4 - I learned from DENR training the proper procedure of the law that for instance if one logged a hundred of trees this will be the number of trees that should be replaced. Participant 5 – I learned the law and ordinances on logging with the DENR training. Participant 7 - We learned the types of the sound of birds. Participant 8 - I learned counting the almasiga and the sound of birds. Participant 9 - I learned that chain-saw is not allowed. In some cases, there should be a permit from DENRand tribal chieftain. I also learned counting the tree. We also listed down the type of birds we see. Participant 10 – In the LAWIN we take pictures of dungs of milo, rat, binaw and, usa to identify their 126 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) presence in the forest. We also take pictures where pigs settles, passages of rats. Those are my observation. We also helped in counting trees like almasiga and uway. Participant 11 - I have learning in all trainings. In cutting down trees there must be a permit from DENR. With regard to bird-watching, I learned that there are many different types of animals and its different names. Participant 1- Ang tingog sa langam ug unsa nga langam imong nadunggan. Participant 2 - Ang nakat onan nako adto halimbawa naay mamutol ug kahoy unsaon nimo pag padakop sa pormal nga pamaagi. Participant 3 - Ako nakat on sa pag ihap sa almasiga ug unsa ang gidak on sa mao nga training sa B+WISER. Participant 4 - Bawal gyud mamutol ug kahoy mao akong nakat onan sa DENR nga training. Participant 5 – Sa DENR, ang among na kuan ato halimbawa naka tumba sya ug kahoy, nagabas niya ang kahoy, iagi gyud na sa pormal nga processo kay naka sala man sya magtanum sya 100 ka punoan silbing puli niya. Participant 7 - Mahibaw an namo kung unsa ang tingog sa langam. Participant 8 - Nakakat on pag ihap sa almasiga ug mabaw an nimo ang mga tingog sa langam. Participant 9 - Bawal ang pag chain-saw dapat naa syay permit sa DENR ug sa tribal chieftain. Nag ihap ug kahoy. Langam pud kung naa mi makit an nga langam among ibutang. Participant 10 – Sa LAWIN, sa among subida didto sa bukid, kada naay makit an namo nga tae, kanang tae sa milo, ilaga, binaw, usa. Mao to sya ang among picturan kon unsa to sya nga hayop ug naa ba gyud sya diha. Unya kanang binungaran sa baboy mao to ang amoang mao to ang among picturan ug kanang mga agianan sa mga ilaga, mao to sya ang among gina tan aw gyud ditto so mao na ang akong obserbasyon ug murag dala nato tanan. Mutabang pud mi ug ihapug kahoy, sama sa almasiga, mga uway. Participant 11 - Tanan training naa koy nakat onan. Kanang pamaagi sa pagputol ug kahoy kinahanglan ang pagpangayon ug permit sa DENR. Ug kanang parte sa bird-watching, akong naton an akong nakita dire simpol ra kaayo nga mga hayop, pero sa among training daghan diay na sila. Isa ran an nga hayop pero daghan sila ug pangalan. 6. As BantayGubat organization do you have an enforcement plan? What does the plan contain (ie, list of possible violations, sanctions, process of resolving cases of violations, etc)? do you follow the enforcement plan? (Isip organisasyon sa BantayGubat aduna ba kamoy nahimo nga plano sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Nasunod ba Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10- We only have our ID (identification) to show them that we are authorize to reprimand them. Participants 5 - We only have our ID (identification) to show them that we are authorize to reprimand them. We have a program. The law is enforced by imposing penalty to violators. Tree-planting replacement will be more than the number that has been cut down. Participant 11 - The enforcement plan had been made already with the precedent of our barangay captain who got apprehended. 127 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) ninyo ang inyong plano?) [Note: Probe if the plan is written; copy of document has to be collected by the secondary data collector 6a. Who formulated the enforcement plan? (Kinsa ang nagmugna sa plano?) 6b. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the formulation of the enforcement plan? (Kinsa ang naghatag ug suporta (teknikal, financial, etc.) sa pagmugna sa maong plano?) 6c. What enforcement operations did you perform to implement the plan? (Aduna bay nasikop ug napahamtangan ug silot sa pagpatuman sa inyong kalihokan) Aside nga naa tay monitoring (roving) ug mandakop aduna pa bay tay pamaagi para maptuman sa atong mga Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10- ID lang namo among ginagamit nga ipakita sa ilaha silbi nga among katungod nga pwede mi mamadlong sa ilaha. Participant 5 - ID lang namo among ginagamit nga ipakita sa ilaha silbi nga among katungod nga pwede mi mamadlong sa ilaha. Naa. Ang pagpatuman anang mga pamalaod kung makasupak ka ana naay penalty. Kung naa kay naputol nga kahoy kung pila kabook patanumon ka mas sobra pa ana. Participant 11 - Naay na gyuy nahimo ana kay na unay na ang among kapitan. ID lang namo among ginagamit nga ipakita sa ilaha silbi nga among katungod nga pwede mi mamadlong sa ilaha. Participants 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 10– Agreed to all responses Participant 4 - We convene. The officers will first have a discussion prior to meeting with the members Participant 9 - all our elders and our chieftain. Participant 11 - All of us come in unity and decide the right thing to do. Participant 12 - EGIP Participants 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 10 – Agreed to all responses Participant 4 - Mag miting mi. Mag miting una pa ang mga opisyales bago pa ang mga miyembro. Participant 9 - Ang mga Elders, ang chieftain namo. Participant 11 - Kami pud tanan nagkahiusa mi kung unsay maayo buhaton Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 , 9, 10 & 11 – Agreed to all responses Participant 5 - The Philippine Eagle Foundation gave us funding. Provided for our equipment such as, boots, uniform, id, raincoat, binoculars, computer, camera Participant 12 - EGIP Foundation helped us in making our policy and also in some financial assistance Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 , 9, 10 & 11 – Agreed to all responses Participant 5 - Philippine Eagle Foundation gahatag sa funding, mga kinahanglan namo. Mga gamit sama sa botas, uniform, id, raincoat, binoculars, computer, camera, flashlight. Naa pud naghatag sila ug teknikal support. Participant 12 - EGIP Foundation nagtabang sa palisiya ug sa pinansyal gihapon. Participant 1 - We do roving and reprimand violators. We take pictures of loggers to show to EGIP and other agencies. Participants 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 & 12 - We do roving and reprimand violators. Participant 1 - Pag roving ug pagpamadalong sa maka panglapas. Picturan ang mang gabas para mapa kita sa EGIP ug ubang ahensya. 128 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) kalihokan? 6d. Were persons apprehended and subsequently penalized during your enforcement operations? What is the process undertaken when a violation is committed? (? Unsa ang proseso nga gihimo kun adunay kalapasan nga mahimo?) [Note: ask them to cite specific cases] Elucidated and agreed by all participants: Pareho ra ang balaod pagpatuman sa tribu ug sip forest guards. Participant 1 - We take pictures of loggers to show to EGIP and other agencies. Participants 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 – Agreed to response of participants 5, 11 & 12 Participant 5 - We follow the same policy with the tribal and forest guards Participant 11 - Here in our tribe, when someone commits violation, we settle it here first and bring it to the barangay. We talk to them first and make them understand about the law before we act out and bring it to the authority Participant 12 - We are facing on-going case now on pending with our leader, our chairman Datu Lambak. He is working it now with NCIP for case filing. We have cases for individual entity and also some company. The case is on buying our land. Participant 1 - We take pictures of loggers to show to EGIP and other agencies. Participants 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 – Agreed to response of participants 5, 11 & 12 Participant 5 - Naa nay ing ana nga mga panghitabo. E report namo sa taas, sa Philippine Eagle Foundation, sa DENR, or sa police ba. Participant 11 - Sa isa pud kay kining amoang tribu kay kung naay maka anhi dire sa amoa kung makasala e settle gyud dire sa amoa ayha ipaabot didto sa barangay. Isa pud kung naa mi makit an diha kung naa mi makit an didto amo sa gyud nang istoryahon sila, pasabton nga bawal gyud na siya kung dili gyud sila muto maabot gyud na sa taas. Participant 12 - Naay on-going case nga gi hatag na namo sa among leader nga chairman gyud namo si Datu Lambak sa iyaha kung unsa may mga report siya na dayun mag adto sa NCIP siya mupasaka sa kaso ana. Ang kasohanan naay indibidual ug kompanya. Ang kaso mao nga nagpalit sa among yuta. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 & 11 – Agreed to respnose participants 5 & 12 Participant 5 - When the barangay captain commited the violation this was settled first at PEF then with DENR. This agency gave the directive to replant certain number of trees. But certainly there is a record of the policy with the secretary, participant 12 - We have a record with the secretary from the tribe and also from PEF. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 & 11 – Agreed to respnose participants 5 & 12 Participant 5 - Pagkalapas sa Kapitan nga namutol ug kahoy gi settle una sa PEF ayha sa DENR ug ang taga didto na ang ni ingon niya nga mutanom ka ug ing ani kadaghan. Pero adunay gyuy record sa mga palisiya naa sa secretary Participant 12 - Naa tay record naa sa secretary (tribe) naa pud sa Philippine Eagle Foundation. Participant 1 – I apprehend. Participant 2 - I am the secretary of among the forest guards. Participant 3 – I do patrolling Participant 4 - We go with the men and we perform what they do. We climb to make trails. Participant 5 - The immediate task we do is reporting what we observe in the area. Participant 6 - Agreed to response # 5 Participant 7 - It’s the same thing, we observe and report, apprehend, and reprimand. 129 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 6e. Do you keep a record/log book of violators and the penalty imposed on them? (Aduna ba kamoy record/log book sa mga naghimo sa kalapasan ug unsa ang mga silot nga napahamtang kanila? ) [Note: get copy or take a photograph of the entries in the logbook] 6f. Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? (Aduna bay partisipasyon ang mga kababayen-an sa pagpatuman sa mga kalihokan sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan? Unsay matang sa ilang partisipasyon?) 6g. Aside from BantayGubat, who else does the enforcement operation in your community? (Gawas kaninyo nga BantayGubat, kinsa pa ang nihimo ug mga kalihukan diha sa inyong komunidad alang sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan? ) 6h. What are their roles and functions and how do you work with them? (Unsa ang ilang papel ug Participant 8 - I do monitoring of thriving trees, plants and animals in the mountain. Participant 9 - Agreed to all responses. Participant 10 - In regard to patrolling, it requires courage and strength because it is tedious working the forest searching for violators. We plan our rounds and take pictures to report to authorities. In this work, as men we take the lead where women follow us through Participant 11 – Agreed to response of participant 10 Participant 12 - The monitoring we do in the protected area of the watershed, we attended the seminar given by DENR. In the seminar, we learned that we can’t easily apprehend. We only record the name and take some pictures but the police will be the one who apprehends. We also do tasks like counting of thriving almasiga. Participant 1 – Mudakop pud mi. Participant 2 - Ako isip secretary sa forest guard. Participant 3 – Ga duty ko sa pag patrol. Participant 4 - Uban mi sa mga lalaki kung unsa ilang trabaho mao pud among buhaton. Magsaka mi didto maghimo mi ug dalan. Participant 5 - Ang amo pud gyung madali dali ang pag report kung unsa among makita didto. Participant 6 - Agreed to response of participant 5 Participant 7 - Mao ra gihapon mo report, manakop ug mamadlong. Participant 8 - Mo monitor kung buhi ang mga kahoy nga gi tanom ug mga kahayopan sa bukid. Participant 9 - Agreed to all responses. Participant 10 - Parte anang pag duty, unang una dapat naa kay kaisog, naa kay pag lahotay sa panahon sa pag duty kun musaka ka ug bukid perti gyud na syang kapoya tungod kay gina suot suot gyud na nimong kalasangan dihatungod kay mutan aw kag naa bay mga kaingin diha o illegal mao nga kami mataglakaw namo ga bantay pud mi ga plano unsay makit an namo didto among picturan ug gina report. Sa pagtrabaho usa ka lalaki kami man gyud ang manguna, ang mga babe magsunod ra na sila sa among agi. Participant 11 – Agreed to response of participant 10 Participant 12 - Ang amo lang kining among gihimo sa pag monitoring sa protected area diha sa watershed area nag seminar mi sa DENR. Pag seminar namo pina agi sa palisiya di gyud mi basta basta mudakop. Kuhaon namo ang pangalan, unya picturan e report namo pero police ang mudakop. Ug muadto pud mi ug bukid iphon pud namo ang almasiga kung nabuhi o wala. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 & 12 – No one else Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 & 12 – Wala lain Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 & 12 – N/A 130 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) buluhaton? Unsay inyong pamaagi sa paglihuk uban kanila?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 & 12 – N/A 7. Do you receive assistance (monetary or material) for performing your role as BantayGubat? What type of assistance do you receive? (Aduna ba kamoy nadawat nga suporta sa inyong trabaho isip BantayGubat? Unsa kini nga klase nga suporta ang inyong nadawat?) 7a. Where does the support come from? (Asa o kang kinsa gikan ang suporta?) 7b. How do you assess the kind of support? Why? (Unsay inyong tan-aw sa maong suporta nga inyong nadawatan? Ngano nga nakaingon ka niana?) [Note: Probe whether the support is enough or not] Ma consider ba nato nga benepisyo ang training nga nadawat nato? All said yes to agree. Participants1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 – Agreed to responses of participants10, 11 & 12 Participant 10 - Each time we patrol, we get 300 pesos per day and this usually takes 3days in a month. We also have seedling project like, cacao, coffee, banana, trees, and onion, provided by EGIP Foundation. Participant 11 - We have Prulife accident insurance from Philippine Eagle Foundation. Participant 12 - We have 300 pesos per day compensation from PEF. We were given the funds by EGIP to put up the coop where we continually save up our proceeds. Participants1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 – Agreed to responses of participants 10, 11 & 12 Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 – Agreed to responses of participants 10, 11 & 12 Participant 10 - Ang musibida naay 300 ang adlaw sulod sa isa ka bulan nga 3days pag roving. Naa puy seedling project nga cacao, kape, saging, kahoy ug sibuyas nga gihatag sa EGIP Foundation. Participant 11 - Kanang Prulife accident insurance gitagaan mi tanan sa Philippine Eagle Foundation. Participant 12 - Naa mi sweldo nga 300 ang adlaw gikan sa PEF. Gitagaan mi ug kuarta s EGIP para makatukod sa coop nga among hulugan kung naay masobra namo sa kalihokan. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 - Agreed to responses of participants 9, 10, 11 & 12 Participant 9 - It is indeed not enough. Participant 10 - We wish to get compensation more than the monthly wage we get if possibly, this can be done on weekly or even daily basis. Participant 11 - It helps somehow but it is not sufficiently comfortable enough. Participant 12 - The compensation is not sufficient. We continue to ask for more support. Participant 1 ,2,3,4,5,6,7& 8 - Agreed to responses of participants 9, 10, 11 & 12 Participant 9 - Tinuod nga kulang. Participant 10 - Hinaot nga dili kada bulan, unta kinsina, o adlaw adlaw ang sweldo. Participant 11 - Nakatabang pero dili ingon ana ka komportable kay kulang kaayo. Participant 12 - Kulang ang sweldo. Magpadayon ug pangayo sa suporta nga madugang pa. 131 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 8. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as BantayGubat, especially in enforcement activities? How did you solve them? (Unsay mga poblema ang inyong naagian sa pagtuman sa inyong tahas isip BantayGubat, ilabi na sa pagpatuman sa mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Giunsa ninyo kini pagsulbad?) 8a. What challenges are faced in ELE/or being a Bantay-gubat? (Unsay mga hagit sa pagpatuman sa mga kalihukan sa pagpanalipud sa kinaiyahan o paglihuk isip BantayGubat?) Participant 1 - During the climb your bag gets torn or other things get destroyed. Participant 2 - Landslide, flood, strong wind. Participants 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10- Agreed to all responses. Participant 4 - We don’t have enough equipment like bag. We use rice sacks. We don’t have tent. Participant 5 - NPA. The pathway is dangerous that you can possible fall. Ascending is really a difficult task. Participant 11 - Hunger. We request to add more insurance and Philhealth. Participant 12 - Threats of losing your own life for being in the protected area. Participant 1 - Kanang magbahada ka magisi imong bag o imong mga gamit. Participant 2 - Landslide. Baha. Hangin. Participants 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10- Agreed to all responses. Participant 4 - Kulang ang gamit sama sa bag. Sako lang ang gigamit. Wala mi tent. Participant 5 - NPA. Dalan lisod kaayo possible nga maligid. Ang pagsubida lisod gyud kaayo sya buhaton. Participant 11 - Gutom. Unta mapadugangan pa ang among insurance ug Philhealth. Participant 12 - Hulga, kanang patyon ka nganong nagsulod ka diha sa protected area. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 & 11 - Agreed to all responses. Participant 5 - One challenge we have is to make firm and strengthen our policy and our programs instead of having our ID only that we hold on to. As forest guard, you will get grudges, you will have detractors. Participant 12 - We lost a life of someone for being a forest guard. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 & 11 - Agreed to all responses. Participant 5 - Usa sa amo nga mapahugot o mapalig on pa gyud ang among mga palisiya ug kalihokan dili ra nga id lang ang among gi kuptan. Isip usa ka forest guard naay mag dumot nimo, naa kay makalaban. Participant 12 - Namatyan mi ug usa ka forest guard tungod sa pag patuman sa balaod. 132 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 9. What lessons/positive experiences can you share with us as BantayGubat? (Unsay mga maayong pagtulon￾an o positibong kaagi ang imong mapaambit isip usa ka BantayGubat?) Participant 1 - Since the forest was organized, we experience unity. The beautiful scenery of the mountain can wipe away the weariness. Participant 2 - There must be a strong-will to protect the environment. Participant 3 - There should be unity. The climb is really exhausting but when you see wonderful things in the mountain it’s all gone. Participant 4 - We are so glad with the changes in the mountain. Regardless we experience the heat, rain, storm, we make sacrifices Participant 5 - I don’t get tired of protecting the forest because we will inherit it. We try hard to do our own rights. We avoid doing things that are prohibited so our next in line will have something to follow through like our forest because we will seldom see forest as huge as we have now. Participant 6 - I am happy in the climb and still able to see something in the forest. Participant 7 - I enjoy watching trees and birds. Participant 8 - I want to continue with our endeavor as forest guard with the Philippine Eagle Foundation. Participant 9 - Whether it’s difficult or easy task, we always complement one another. Participant 10 - In our task to protect the forest, we experience life threats, with the difficulty during the climb but it is our own right to protect the forest and not to take it for granted. Participant 11 - It is our aspiration to care for the forest, if this will be destroyed, the village will be affected. Everytime there is logging, it is a difficult endeavor for us but we make sacrifices not only for our own sake but for everybody. Participant 12 - As I mentioned earlier, we lost one of our forest guards who is dear to us. We did not let allow our emotion get in the way in our efforts to protect our ancestral domain. I am so much grateful for our group, back in 1938, our ancestors live here but they we’re not given the opportunity to protect the forest. The Philippine Eagle Foundation became our bridge to come to us. Our goal was fortified in our ancestral domain and in protecting the environment. This is not only for own good but we are working hard for our children that they can inherit our ancestral domain, in this land. 133 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 1 - Sukad na mugna ang forest guard dunay panaghiusa. Mawala ang ka kapoy sa nindot nga panglantawon didto. Participant 2 - Kinahanglan nga lig on ang pag protekta sa kinaiyahan. Participant 3 - Naay pagsinabtanay. Tungod kay kapoy kaayo magsubida sa bukid mawala ra gihaon ang ka kapoy tungod sa nindot nga panan awon sa bukid. Participant 4 - Dako gyud among kalipay kay dako gyud ang kausaban diha sa bukid. Bisan naay init, ulan, bagyo, gi antos gyud na namo. Participant 5 - Dili ko makapoy nga mag protekta sa kalasangan kay unang una kami ang sumusunod ana. Paningkamotan namo nga buhaton namo ang among katungod. Kanang mga butang nga ginabawal buhaton namo na siya para amoang sumusunod naa puy masunod pareha anang kalasangan kay kasagara karon wala na gyud tay makita nga lasang nga ingon ana kadako Participant 6 - Malipayon pud mi nga magsubida kay naa makita sa kalasangan. Participant 7 - Ganahan ko ug tana aw nga naay mga kahoy, mga langam. Participant 8 - Aron mapadayon gyud among trabaho sa forest guard sa Philippine Eagle. Participant 9 - Magaan man o mabug at nga trabaho mag tinabangay mi. Participant 10 - Sa amo gyung pag protekta anang lasang, naa gyud ang mga hulga, bisan lisod kung musubida pero kana imo nang katungod nga mo protekta sa lasang diha kay kung din a nimo tumanon ang imong katungod murag baliwala lang sa imoha. Participant 11 - Tungod kay among gitinguha nga kun diha sa kalasangan mangadaot maapektaran gyud ang lungsod ana kay kung naay mamutol ug kahoy bisan lisud gina antos namo kay dili lang na para sa amoa kun dili para sa tanan. Participant 12 - Sama sa akong gi ingon ganina nga naa mi namatyan nga usa sa forest guard nga minahal namo wala mi nagpadala sa among emotion kun dili nagpadayon gyud ang among pag protekta sa among ancestral doman. Dako kaayo ang akong pagpasalamat among grupo kay sa 1938 nia na gyud ang among katigulangan dire nag puyo pero wala gyuy nakahatag ug kahanas sa pagprotekta sa kalasangan gawas sa nag abot ang EGIP Foundation ug Philippine Eagle Foundation kay kining PEF mao gyud nay usa sa taytayan nga ang EGIP nag duol sa amoa. Napalig on ang among tuyo sa among ancestral domain ug pagprotekta sa kinaiyahan. Dili lang ni para sa amoa kay gipaningkamotan ni para sa among kabataan nga sila musabay sa maong ancestral domain, sa yutang kabilin. 134 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) When was your group organized? How many members? Participant 1 - In September 2014, there were 18 women members of whom passed the training screened by B+WISER out of the 25 applicants. We have 48 members now but only 4 are active. Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant1. Participant 3 - Porters exist a long time ago in the father’s time and this was passed on to me. Since then there is already set of officers. Even when I was not yet born my father already climb.There are 150 portes recognized by City Tourism in Kidapawan trail. Participant 4 - Agreed to response of participant 3. Participant 5 - KIDCIGA started with 30 members who are all men. Participant 6 - The KIDCIGA is already an association but this is not yet registered with SEC. We already have complete set of officers in 2013. We were trained by City Tourism Office and B+WISER. After the training we selected our officers. Since then we have elected officers twice while this is done every year. That’s how our operation goes as guides. FGD with PO guides and porters, 28 November 2015, Kidapawan City 135 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 1 – In September 2014 nag start ang babae, training sa babae. 18 ang naka pasa sa training with B+WISER out of 25. 48 na mi karon pero ang active sa women is upat. Participant 2 – Agreed to response participant1. Participant 3 – Dugay na kaayo ko nga porter sa una pa ako pang papa ayha ako. Sukad sa una naa nay opisyales. Wala pa mi gipanganak gasaka na akong papa. Naay 150 porters recognized by City Tourism in Kidapawan trail. Participant 4 – Agreed to response of participant 3. Participant 5 – Ang KIDCIGA pag sugod naay 30 members all men. Participant 6 – Ang sa amoa sa KIDCIGA association pa lang gyud sya wala pa mi naka paregister SEC. Kumpleto na naa mi mga officers mga 2013. Gi training with City Tourism Office and B+WISER. After sa training didto name nag start nag select ug officer. Sukad adto kaduha name nag elect kay every year naga elect mi para lahi napud nga president. Ana ang dagan sa amoa sa guide. 1. What is the present status of your forest area? Participant 1 - Presently, after the rehabilitating to protect the forest thru Tourism Office the trail is better. Proper pathway is put up unlike before during landslide the path is really difficult and there’s a tendency to fall off the cliff. The forest is not relatively denuded. I still see that Mt. Apo is still virgin. Participant 2 - The situation before in 2011 in my first climb when I was not yet a member of the guides, the climbers are not oriented regarding disposal of their garbage, they take anything from the environment. But when I became a member of the guides, it is supposedly simple. I saw the action made by the government, of the tourism office, the organizations of whom are concern of the environment, this is a big help to minimize the garbage up in the mountain for preservation of the existing trees and also the lake. This has not been abused by climbers, whether you are a first timer or not you will note be complacent because you are given with awareness orientation that the environment is not our own possession. So, so far the Mt. Apo is okay now. I agree to response or participant1 that the forest is not relatively denuded. I still see and feel that Mt. Apo is still virgin. Participant 3 - The forest in Mt. Apo is okay now. We work with the support of the agency to help maintain cleanliness, keep the trees to preserve the aesthetic view of Mt. Apo. The forest is not relatively denuded. I still see that Mt. Apo is still virgin. Participant 4 - It is better now because I volunteered in DENR, logging is prevented. The forest is not relatively denuded. I still see that Mt. Apo is still virgin. Participant 5 - Regarding the forest in Mt. Apo if you compare now from the previous, the “kaingin” activity done by people in the protected area is minimized because several organizations are concern of Mt. Apo. The forest is not relatively denuded. I still see that Mt. Apo is still virgin. Participant 6 - Right now, as general observation of our forest, formerly when PAMBI and DENR did not yet see the possibility of Mt. Apo as a natural park, climbers before can still observe a 136 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) rich flora and fauna where you can only see on sidewalks, especially the animals you will see them everywhere on the road but now since it became a natural park, they try to escape. We cannot also avoid of some hunters. The difference is animals become a little in flight but the hunters are minimized. We still see in Mt. Apo some century tree, plenty of them. In some areas we observe kaingin activity but this has been hold down by DENR. During rainy days we experience landslide but the landslide are not passed by this is routed. The forest is not relatively denuded. I still see that Mt. Apo is still virgin. Participant 1 - Sa pagka karon sa pag renovate ug pagrehab namo sa pag protekta sa kalasangan sa pinaagi sa Tourism Office okay na ang trail kay na rehab napud nabut ngan na ug tarong nga dalan di pareha adtong una na naay landslide lisod ang dalan naa pay tendency nga mahulog pa ang uban sa bakilid. Sa akoa dili pa sya ana ka upaw makita pa gihapon nako ang pagka virgin sa Mt. Apo. Participant 2 - Before ang situation adtong 2011 man siguro to akong unang saka dilli pa ko member sa guides, climbers dili sila oriented regarding sa ilang mga basura, pataka lang kung usa lang ilang gusto kuhaon sa kinaiyahan ila gyung makuha pero during katong na member nako sa guides, simple lang man gyud sya, nakit an nako nga sa aksyon nga gibuhat sa government, sa tourism office, sa mga organization nga concern sa environment dako kaayo syag natabang nga minimize ang basura didto sa taas, na preserve ang katong mga nangabilin nalang nga tanom, pati ang sa lake nga naa didto na preserve gyud sya. Dili napud sya bugbog kaayo sa mga climbers nga dili oriented ka yang bawat climber nga magsaka didto ma mountain climber man sya o first timer ginatagaan gyud sya ug orientation nga dapat dili ta magpataka kay dili ni sa atoa sa kinaiyahan ni sya, so so far okay ang Mt. Apo karon. I agree to response #1 nga dili pa gyud pa sya ana ka upaw makita ug ma feel pa gyud gihapon nako ang pagka virgin sa Mt. Apo. Participant 3 - Karon okay na ang lasang sa Mt. Apo kay kami ga trabaho mi didto suportahan mi sa agency, palimpyohan ang kakahoyan aron manindot ang view sa Mt. Apo. Sa akoa dili pa sya ana ka upaw makita pa gihapon nako ang pagka virgin sa Mt. Apo. Participant 4 - Maayo na kay nag volunteer man ko sa DENR ginapugngan gyud ang pagputol ug kahoy. Sa akoa dili pa sya ana ka upaw makita pa gihapon nako ang pagka virgin sa Mt. Apo. Participant 5 - Regarding sa lasang diha sa Mt. Apo kung e compare nato sa una ug sa karon katong ginahimo dati sa mga tao nga taga diha kanang mga kaingin pero dili man ingon nga didto sa taas pero nasulod sa protected area. So sa karon nga sa kadaghan sa organization nga concern diha sa Mt. Apo na minimize gyud sya. Sa akoa dili pa sya ana ka upaw makita pa gihapon nako ang pagka virgin sa Mt. Apo. Participant 6 - Sa pagka karon, sa general observation nato sa lasang, sa una during the time nga wala pa sa PAMB ug DENR nga pwede na e natural park ang Mt. Apo katong gasaka pa sa una makita gyud nimo daghan sa lasang ang flora and fauna nga imong makit an lang sa daplin, labi na mga hayop makita pa to nimo sa dalan lang. Karon nga gihimo na siya nga natural park medyo idlas na gamay pero medyo daghan na gasaka tapos ang uban dili pud nato maiwasan nga naay 137 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) gapanguha nga mga hunters didto pero compare nimo sa una ug karon naa na gyuy naglahi. Ang naglahi nag idlas ang mga hayop pero na minimize pud ang mga hunters. Sa karon makita nato sa Mt. Apo karon naa pa tong century tree pwerti pang daghan, sa uban pang mga area naa tag aka kita didto nga gina kaingin nila pero ginapugngan sa DENR. Karon nga sigeg ulan ulan naa tay makita didto nga landslide pero sa landslide area wala nato ginapa agihan gina reroute. Sa akoa dili pa sya ana ka upaw makita pa gihapon nako ang pagka virgin sa Mt. Apo. 2. Does your organization have an environmental and forest management program in your community? (Aduna bay programa ang inyong organisasyon sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan sa inyong komunidad?) Participant 1 - There is training on preservation. The guide should be the model to show to other climbers the preservation of the environment. Agreed to response of participant 6. City Tourism and B+WISER partenered in sponsoring a clean-up drive. Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 6 Participant 3 - I volunteer in keeping the garbage. Participant 4 - As porter we go up to keep the garbage. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 6 Participant 6 - Yes we have, for example you can’t climb without a guide, you can’t climb when you did not attend the orientation. When they can comply with it that’s the time they can be released with the permit to climb from LGU – Tourism Office. Participant 1 - Naa, training on preservation. Ang guide ang maging model para makit an sa ubang climber nga gina preserve ang environment. Agreed to response of participant 6. City Tourism and B+WISER partnered in sponsoring a clean-up drive. Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 6 Participant 3 - Mag volunteer maghipos ug basura. Participant 4 - Sa porter mag adto mi didto sa taas pud mang hipos ug basura. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 6 Participant 6 - Naa, halimbawa, dili sila maka saka kung walay guide, dili sila maka saka kung dili sila ma orient. Kung ma comply nila na naay guide naay orientation so dira sila ma releasan ug permit para maka saka sila nga kuhaon sa LGU – Tourism Office. 2a. What is the present status of your organization’s environmental and forest management program in your community? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa programa sa inyong orgnisasyon sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan?) Participants 1, 4 and 5 – Agreed to all responses Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 6 Participant 3 - The people are now restrained (from performing unlawful acts) Participant 6 - There is a big change since the program has been implemented because you will notice that climbers take with them their garbages when exiting. You do not observe catching some wildlife to bring with them in going down. Participants 1, 4 and 5 – Agreed to all responses Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 6 Participant 3 - Na control na ang mga tao. Participant 6 - Dako kaayo ug kausaban ka yang mga climber nga musaka sa karon sukad nga na implement nang mga ingana nga programa makita na gyud nimo nga naa nay bitbit nga basura pabalik. Wala na gyud gina ingon nga gina bilin sa babaw. Wala napud kay makita didto nga nanguha 138 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) ug mga wildlife nga dalhon sa baba. 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna bay mga kausaban sa inyong programa sa pagdumala sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini ug unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) Participant 1 – Agreed to responses of participants 2 & 4. Participant 2 - The minds are opened not only among the climbers but also to those who live near Mt. Apo because they fear what they see in the news that because the environment has been destroyed it has resulted to falshfloods. They then become aware of the need that we should preserve the environment. Participant 3 - Agreed to responses of participants 2 & 4. Participant 4 - This change is caused by seminars and trainings. Participant 5 - Agreed to responses of participants 2 & 4. Participant 6 - Agreed to responses of participants 2 & 4. Participant 1 – Agreed to responses of participants 2 & 4. Participant 2 - Na open ang mind dili lang sa mga climbers ang duol gyud sa Mt. Apo nga namuyo kay mahadlok man sila sa news nga makita nila tungod kay gi guba ang kinaiyahan ni resulta sa flashfloods. Ma aware na sila nga kinhanglan gyud nato i-preserve ang kinaiyahan. Participant 3 - Agreed to responses of participants 2 & 4. Participant 4 - Tungod sa mga seminar, mga training. Participant 5 - Agreed to responses of participants 2 & 4. Participant 6 - Agreed to responses of participants 2 & 4. 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna ba kamoy nakitang kausaban sa inyong kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini? Unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) Participant 1 - With EDC they do tree-planting in Kidapawan area. The ordinance of PAMB has just recently approved but this has been workout in Feb2014 and the Sangguniang panglungsod trekking policy on Kidapawan City, we have our own policy I think for quite sometime already. Participant 2 - The cause of change is due to that the climbers as well and the settlers are now educated. Participant 3 - Agreed to all responses. Participant 4 - There are plenty of trees because we have planted enough already. Participant 5 - There is a forest that has been put up with reforestation for tree-planting. One cause of change is due to the seminar attended. Participant 6 - Since the trekking policy was created, the ordinances it has helped a lot. Participant 1 - Sa side sa EDC ga tree-planting man gyud nang EDC sa Mt Apo Kidapawan area. Ang ordinance sa PAMB karon lang sya naaprobahan pero ginawork out Feb2014 but the sangguniang panglunsod trekking policy on Kidapawan City nga naa gyud mi among palisiya I think dugay sya. Participant 2 - Ang kausban tungod kay na educate na ang mga climbers as well as ang mga taga didto. Participant 3 - Agreed to all responses. Participant 4 - Daghan na ginatamnan na gyud namo ug kahoy. Participant 5 - Naay lasang nga naay reforestation sa tree-planting. Tungod kay na seminar na. Participant 6 - Pagsugod paghimo sa trekking policy nga ordinansa dako gyud kaayo tong tabang. 139 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 4. Does your organization receive assistance (monetary or material) from B+WISER? What type of assistance do you receive? Is your group (Porter & Guide) organized by B+WISER? (Aduna bay nadawat nga suporta ang inyong organisasyon GIKA SA B+WISER? Unsa kini nga klase nga suporta ang inyong nadawat?) Participant 1 – Support on training, this is not an easy task to train people like us mountaineers coming from different backgrounds. The B+WISER help us see the environment differently. Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 2 - Training and seminars. Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 3 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 4 - Knowledge. Technical know-how. Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 5 - Provided us with sleeping bag, burner, mountaineering gear. Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 6 - B+WISER provided the porters association with mountaineering gear. There’s three backpacks, one tent (5-6 persons holding capacity), six sleeping bags and one cook set and burner, six headlamps, medicine kit. They also provide food. Transportation is also provided by B+WISER when they conducted the training (SMART LAWIN). To encourage many attendees they subsidize transportation expense to those who live far just so they can learn. Participant 1 – Partly yes. Dili nana ka organize sa pag start sa City Tourism pero naglig on sya sukad nga na orient sa B+WISER. Suporta sa pag train nga dili lalim mag train nga pareha namo nga mountaineers nga dili pareha ug huna huna. Ang B+WISER nakatabang sila namo nga na orient mi sa ingon ani nga panglantaw namo sa kinaiyahan. Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 2 - Training and seminars. Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 3 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 4 - Knowledge. Technical know-how. Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 5 – Naghatag ug sleeping bag, burner, mountaineering gear. Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 6 - Pag abot sa KIDCIGA nasugdan na sa City Tourism, sunod sunod nalang dayun ang training pagsulod sa B+WISER. Mountaineering gear gihatag sa B+WISER sa porters association. Naay tulo ka backpack, usa ka tent (5-6 persons holding capacity), unom ka sleeping bag ug usa ka cook set ug burner, unom ka headlamp, medicine kit. They also provide food. Apil ang transportation gihatag sa B+WISER pareha anang nag conduct sila ug training (SMART LAWIN). Para daghan maka apil sa training kaatong maglagyo gina refund nila ang plete para lang maka tuon sila. 4a. What other assistance does your organization receive relative to environmental and forest management? From what sources? Participant 1 - We are authorized by DENR to report to them or apprehend. With the support of City Tourism, guides are provided with work. IUTC – International Urban Training Center from Korea. They trained us not only for possible development of Mt. Apo but also other areas in Kidapawan like the falls here. Participant 2 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 6. Participant 3 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 6. Participant 4 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 6. Participant 5 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 6. Participant 6 - DENR conducted training to us on WEO (Wildlife Enforcer Officer) to safeguard the 140 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Aduna pa bay lain nga suporta nga nadawat ang inyong orgnisasyon gikan sa uban alang sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kjalasangan? Asa gikan ang suporta ug unsa nga klasa nga suporta ang inyong nnadawat?) forest. Participant 1 - Gi allow mi sa DENR nga magsumbong o magdakop mi. Suporta sa City Tourism nga gitagaan ug trabaho ang mga guides. Gi organize ug gitapok namo para magka income sila. IUTC – International Urban Training Center form Korea. Dili lang sa Mt. Apo kung dili pwede pa nga madevelop nila like falls dire sa Kidapawan. Gina training pud mi nila. Participant 2 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 6. Participant 3 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 6. Participant 4 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 6. Participant 5 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 6. Participant 6 - Sa DENR nag conduct sa amoa ug training sa WEO (Wildlife Enforcer Officer) para magbantay sa lasang. 5. Was your organization asked to attend or participate in any capacity building training pertaining to NRM (natural resource management) (Napaapil ba ang inyong orgnisasyon sa mga pagbansay kalabot sa pagdumala sa mga kahinguhaan sa kinaiyahan?) Participant 1 - BMC (Basic Mountaineering Course) Participant 2 - Agreed to responses of participants 1, 4, 5 & 6. Participant 3 - Agreed to responses of participants 1, 4, 5 & 6. Participant 4 - SMART LAWIN taught us to lst down trees and others. Participant 5 - Ordinances. We become aware on how to enforce. Participant 6 - For example, tree planting. Collecting flora and fauna having no permit from PAMB and DENR, we are allowed to hold them down. We can demand to stop them because this is prohibited. Participant 1 - BMC (Basic Mountaineering Course) Participant 2 - Agreed to responses of participants 1, 4, 5 & 6. Participant 3 - Agreed to responses of participants 1, 4, 5 & 6. Participant 4 - SMART LAWIN ang pag lista sa mga kahoy ug uban pa. Participant 5 - Ordinances. Gi aware mi unsaon pag enforce. Participant 6 - Kanang example, tree planting. Pagpangolekta ug pag identify sa flora and fauna nga walay permit nga gikan sa PAMB ug DENR. Allowed mi ana sila e hold. Dakpon, report ug pwede pa undangon kay bawal. 5a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? Participant 1 - Tourism office and DENR provide training to the seven municipalities covered by Mt. Apo. The Provincial Office as well. We received training before the 4days actual identification in the mountain. 5days training total including the orientation of the SMART LAWIN thru B+WISER. With MKWD was about conservation and preservation of water because we also come across with it. 5days integrated training with B+WISER. Participant 2 - The first training I had with B+WISER is last Sept on BMC (Basic Mountaineering Course), First Aid, discussion of technical terms on trekking. Speakers were from DENR. 141 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Kinsa ang naghatag sa pagbansay ug unsa kadugay kini gipahigayon?) It was included in the discussion about flora and fauna, guidelines for guides on handling good customer service. Participant 3 - Agreed to responses of participants 1, 4 & 6. Participant 4 - There was 4days actual training on SMART LAWIN with B+WISER. There is also training on becoming a park ranger. This covers safeguarding the mountain from taking of plants i.e uway. Participant 5 - Agreed to responses of participants 1, 4 & 6. Participant 6 - IUTC – International Urban Training Center form Korea. They sponsor training on the Eco-guide. DENR – 3days training on endemic of the forest, bird-watching included as well. Participant 1 - Tourism officer nga igo sa Mt. Apo katong pito kabuok nga munisipyo. Ug DENR. Provincial office pud. Training sa amoa before mi nag sugod naay 4days actual identification sa bukid. 5days training tanan apil ang orientation sa SMART LAWIN thru B+WISER. Sa MKWD about conservation and preservation sa tubig kay naa man gyapun mi maagian. Gi usa na sa 5days training with B+WISER. Participant 2 - Ang pinaka una nako nga training sa B+WISER last Sept. BMC, First Aid, Discussion sa technical terms sa pag trek. Speakers gikan sa DENR. Nagdiscuss regarding sa flora and fauna. Gi-discuss napud didto about customer service para sa guide pano e handle ang paghatag ug maayo nga serbisyo. Participant 3 - Agreed to responses of participants 1, 4 & 6. Participant 4 - Naay 4 days actual sa SMART LAWIN with B+WISER. Training para sa pagka park ranger. Parte sa pagbantay sa bukid sa pagpanguha ug tanom i.e. uway Participant 5 - Agreed to responses of participants 1, 4 & 6. Participant 6 - IUTC – International Urban Training Center form Korea. Nag sponsor pud sila ug training on guiding natural seminar- Eco-guide. DENR – 3days training katong sa mga endemic, katong makita pa sa lasang. Naay bird watching, 5b. What did the organization, through its representatives, learn from this or these training/s? (Unsay nakat-unan sa orgnisasyon pinaagi sa iyang representatente n nga nakaapil sa pagbansay?) Participant 1 - There is awareness on the common and scientific names of species. Agreed to response of participant 2. Participant 2 - I learn how how to use GPS and phone gps. Participant 3 - Agreed to responses of participants 1, 4 & 6. Participant 4 - Identification of dung wild pig and binaw. Participant 5 - Identification of species seen in the mountain. Proper handling of guests who climb. Participant 6 - Agreed to all responses Participant 1 - Naa aware sa ilang mga pangalan ug nga scientific name nila. Agreed to response of participant 2. Participant 2 - Naka learn sa pag use of GPS and phone GPS Participant 3 - I haven’t attended. Participant 4 - Identification of dung wild pig and binaw. Participant 5 - Ang pag identify sa species sa bukid. Sa pag handle sa guest sa bukid. Participant 6 - Agreed to all responses 142 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 5c. What benefits did your organization or your community get from these trainings? (Unsay mga kaayuhan ang nakuha sa inyong organisasyon sa mga pagbansay? Unsay kaayuhan sa maong pagbansay alang sa inyong komunidad?) Participant 1 - Knowledge. It is a benefit to us relating it to the ATOP (Association of Tourism in the Philippines) gathering I attended, one consultant approached me and asked how we organize our organization. It is a benefit to us in a way that we are proud to say that we are organized. They asked us for some tip and I had the chance to also share our best practices. Participant 2 - It is the same, salary, to cover for student allowance. And knowledge.Confidence. You need to exude confidence when you talk to clients. You need to be firm in giving the proper guidelines and apply what you have learned in the training in cases you deal with a difficult climber. Participant 3 - Agreed to all responses. Participant 4 - The salary in assisting clients. Participant 5 - Identification of species seen in the mountain. Proper handling of guests who climb. Participant 6 - One of those is the extra income. Second is knowledge. Extra income is really big help. It can also be considered a benefit because other prefers the Kidawapan trail because we are organize and trained, they (climbers) will not have a hard time. Participant 1 - Knowledge gyapun. Benepisyo ni para amoa like naka attend ko ug ATOP (Ass of Tourism in the Phil) nagutana sa ako ang usa sa consultant nga gi unsa daw namo pag organize sa among organisasyon. Benepisyo sa amoa nga naa mi maipagmaliki nga organize mi. Nangayo sila ug tip sa amoa ug na share pud nako amo maayo nga practices. Participant 2 - Mao gihapon, sweldo. Pang allowance kay studyante pa man ko. Ug knowledge. Confidence. Kailangan man gud nimo naa kay confidence pag istorya nimo sa imong mga cliente. Dapat isulti nimo kung unsay dapat buhaton kung unsay natunan nimo sa training kay dili malikayan nga naay badlongon nga naay mga climber. Participant 3 - Agreed to all responses. Participant 4 - Ang sweldo pag uban sa ila. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 6 Participant 6 - Isa nalang ana ang extra income. Ika duha ana ang knowledge. Dakong tabang gyud ang extra income. Matawag gihapon sya nga benepisyo kay ang uban man gud nga gusto sila musaka pero moingon nga dire ta muagi sa Kidapawan trail kay organize kaayo kay train sila ani nga mga training di nata maglisod. 6. Has your organization participated in any enforcement activities relative to your environmental management program of your forest resources? Participant 1 - We implement a carrying capacity. We limit the number of climbers in a month to keep the train in good condition. Tendency is trail will be compromised so this needs to be protected. Participant 2 - Agreed to all responses. Participant 3 - Agreed to all responses. Participant 4 - Porters have volunteers for clean-up drive and garbage segregation for the recycling program. When we see violators, we report to DENR. Participant 5 - Among the guides when we caught violators we report to DENR. We approach them to remind about the policy and its penalty. We have lookout s from the entry point to 143 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Nakaapil ba ang inyong grupo sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagdumala kalabot sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) the exit. Participant 6 - I have attended a clean-up drive twice in a year. All guides volunteer to clean up Mt. Apo. We as guide we take charge of illegal entry / illegal exit. The guide on post above will be the one to report to the Tourism Office, they will be detained, incomplete permit will be penalized. Usually the violation is made on illegal exit. They take the entry from another trail but exit in Kidapawan trail. Participant 1 - Naa pud mi carrying capacity. Naa mi target nga magpasaka in a month para dili maguba ang trail capacity. Naay tendency nga masbugbog ang trail para ma protect ang trail. Participant 2 - Agreed to all responses. Participant 3 - Agreed to all responses. Participant 4 - Para pud sa mga porter naa puy volunteer didto nga mao gyapun mag clean up ug mag segregate sa mga basura para maka recycle. Kung naay masakpan e report sa DENR. Participant 5 - Sa guide kung naay masakpan itawag namo sa DENR. E approach lang namo sila kung unsay palisiya ug mga penalty. Naay gabantay sa entry ug exit trails. Participant 6 - Naka apil ug clean up drive every year two times. Tanan mga guide mag volunteer lang mag clean up didto sa Mt. Apo. Kami as a guide gapanakop gyud mi ug illegal entry / illegal exit. Ang mag report ana katong naa sa babaw nga guide. E report nila dire sa baba sa Tourism Office pag abot dire harangon, dakpon ang dili kumpleto ug permit, naa pa gyud silay mga penalty. Kasagara madakpan illegal exit. Didto sa pikas mo agi nga trail dire mo exit sa Kidapawan. 6a. What is your organization’s role in these enforcement activities? (Unsa ang papel sa imong grupo sa mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) Participant 1 - The primary hunters are the lumads (natives). They have tribal leaders and we course it through their governing policy, we can only report to them the acts but they will be the one to enforce and implement their own policy. Participant 2 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 4. Participant 3 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 4. Participant 4 - Illegal logging can’t be avoided because it the primary source for food. We talk to them and explain that they don’t own it. We advise. Participant 5 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 4. Participant 6 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 4. Participant 1 - Ang main man gud nga pang hunting diha ang mga lumad. Naa man silay tribal leader, gina agi namo didto gina report namo nga ing ani ang nahitabo ug sila na ang mag enforce ug mag implement sa ilang mga palisiya. Participant 2 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 4. Participant 3 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 4. Participant 4 - Di gyud malikayan ang illegal logging kay maoy pangsud an. Istoryahon namo nga dili ma na iya nga pananom. Tambagan nalang. Participant 5 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 4. Participant 6 - Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 4. 144 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 6b. What benefits did you or your organization get from these enforcement activities? (Unsay kaayohan nga imong nakuha sa pagpatuman sa mga pamalaod sa pagppanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan? Unsay kaayohan alang sa imong grupo?) Participant 1 - There’s certificate of appreciation from the city. At least we become well-know in our organization. Participant 2 - Knowledge from training. Participant 3 - The monthly wage received. Knowledge from training. Participant 4 - The monthly salary received every month as park ranger. Participant 5 - Of course its benefit is we get to preserve our area. Participant 6 - One benefit is when we can report illegal entry or exit we get in return 500pesos each group caught. We call it finder’s fee stipulated in the policy. Participant 1 - Naay certificate of appreciation gikan sa city. At least na well-known mi as organization. Participant 2 - Knowledge from training. Participant 3 - Kada bulan sweldo gihapon. Knowledge from training. Participant 4 - Naay sweldo kada bulan as park ranger. Participant 5 - Syempre ang benepisyo kay ma preserve namo ang among area. Participant 6 - Naay benepisyo makuha kanang maka report sa madakpan nga illegal entry or exit naay madawat nga 500pesos kada group nga nadakpan. Mao na ang finder’s fee nga naa sa palisiya. 6c. What problems have your organization experienced with regard to enforcement of environmental activities? (Unsay mga problema nga naagian sa imong grupo kalabot sa pagpatuman sa mga pamaagi sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) Participant 1 - In our office especially in the peak season we get high complaints about the money￾making we do in Mt. Apo when supposedly Mt. Apo is for all. But now climbing to Mt. Apo is we are making it more for our economic cause. Participant 2 - For me personally, I haven’t experienced getting somebody caught. You can’t just avoid when you have male guest and reprimand about cigarette butts but this is the least. When someone is hostile this is settled amicably. Participant 3 - I haven’t encountered any so far. Participant 4 - I don’t usually confront them. I directly call DENR to report. Participant 5 - I haven’t encountered any so far. Participant 6 - In my part, I have encountered several cases that would show aggression and refuses to pay the penalty. What we do is we don’t resist and release the person but will be detained upon exiting. The PNP will take care of apprehending. With due process, if it can’t be settled with them, a case will be filed and will be banned from climbing Mt. Apo, or gets penalized according to the violations. Participant 1 - Sa amoa gyud sa opisina labi na ug peak season grabe ang madawat nga yawyaw ngano ingon ani among ginabuhat gina panguartahan lang daw namo ang Mt. Apo nga supposedly dapat daw sya para sa tanan. Kanong karon ang pagsaka sa Mt. Apo ginabuhat daw namong panguarta ang pagpa saka sa Mt. Apo. Participant 2 - Sa akoa personally wala pa gyud ko ka try ug panakop. Dili lang maiwasan pag naa kay lalaki nga guest nga mabadlong sa cigarette butt pero ginagmay lang man na. kung naay masuko ayuson lang ug istorya. Participant 3 - Wala ko ka encounter ana. Participant 4 - Di ko magpakita sa ila. Ako lang ginatawagan sa DENR para isumbong. Participant 5 - Wala ko ka encounter ana. 145 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 6 - Sa akoa nga part daghan ko na encounter anang magdakop dakop kay naay uban nga dili gyud mo bayad tapos mangisog pa so ang gina himo namo ana e release sila didto sa ibabaw pero dire na sila harangon atngan sa ubos. Ang mag atang ana is PNP ug sila na ang magdakop unya kung dili ma settle e file na ang kaso, e banned sila din a sila maka saka aning Mt. Apo or pa penalty sila unsa ilang violation 7. Is your organization a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Lakip ba ang inyong kahugpungan sa programa diin ang B+WISER nakiglambigit programa nga CCT o 4Ps sa DSWD nga naghatag kahigayonan sa malahutayong suporta sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected area?) Participant 1 - No Participant 2 - No Participant 3 - No Participant 4 - No Participant 5 - No Participant 6 - No 8. Has your organization put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. (Nakamugna ba ang inyong kahugpungan ug mga proyekto o kalihukan alang sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar? Ipasabot kini) Participant 1 - None Participant 2 - None Participant 3 - None Participant 4 - None Participant 5 - None Participant 6 - There is a plan but currently this is catered by EDC. Participant 1 - Wala Participant 2 - Wala Participant 3 - Wala Participant 4 - Wala Participant 5 - Wala Participant 6 - Ginaplanohan pa kay gina cater na na sa EDC. 9. What are the livelihood projects introduced by your organization in your community in support to forest restoration activities? (Unsa nga mga proyekto sa kapanginabuhian ang nasugdan sa inyong grupo alang sa kumunidad isip suporta sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar?) Participant 1 - None Participant 2 - None Participant 3 - None Participant 4 - None Participant 5 - None Participant 6 - None 146 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 10. Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? Did you solve them? (Unsay mga poblema ang inyong naagian sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan? Giunsa ninyo kini pagsulbad?) Participant 1 - N/A Participant 2 - N/A Participant 3 - N/A Participant 4 - N/A Participant 5 - N/A Participant 6 - N/A 11. What are the challenges that your organization face in your forest restoration activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga giatubang sa inyong organisasyon kabahin sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participant 1 - N/A Participant 2 - N/A Participant 3 - N/A Participant 4 - N/A Participant 5 - N/A Participant 6 - N/A 12. What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by your organization in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsa ang mga kalihukan nga gihimo sa inyong organisasyon nga adunay dakung kalambigitan sa pagpanalipod ug pagdumala sa kalasangan/watershed/protected areas?) Participant 1 - PAMBI and DENR are the one who implement in closing down the trails under critical situations. Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 3 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 4 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 6 - Among us guides, the Tourism Office are the one who decides if the the trail is allowed with climbers, on dry season we prevent them from climbing and we don’t enforce guides due that this critical very critical time. Participant 1 - PAMBI ang ga pasunod sa pag pasara sa mga trail kung naay sitwasyon nga dilikado pasudlan mag dayun ang DENR. Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 3 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 4 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 6 - Sa amoa sa guide ug kining sa Tourism kami gyud mismo naga decide nga halimbawa dili sya pasakaan kung mag dry season sya bisan naay gusto musaka dili pud ni gina allow ug dili mi mag enforce nga mag guide sa ila tungod sa ka dilikado sa babaw. 13. Are these activities effective? Please explain. Participant 1 - They somehow follow in this procedure. Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 3 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 4 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 6 - Agreed to response of participant 1. 147 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Epektibo ba ng mga maong kalihukan? Palihug pagpasabot ngano nga nakaingon ka niini) Participant 1 - Mo sunod man pud sila ani nga mga pamaagi. Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 3 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 4 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 6 - Agreed to response of participant 1. 14. In what activities related to forest/ watershed/PA protection and management is your organization tapped? (Sa unsa pa nga mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected area nga gilambigit o giapil ang inyong organisasyon?) Participant 1 - KIDCIGA is tapped by Tourism Office during the Apo Sandawh Climb Feastival every year. We do this event of thanksgiving for Brgy. Ilomavis and Mt. Apo. Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 3 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 4 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 6 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 1 - Na tapped ang KIDCIGA sa Tourism Office sa Apo Sandawah Climb Feastival every year. Ginabuhat namo nga event pangpalipay sa Brgy Ilomavis para sa Mt. Apo. Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 3 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 4 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 6 - Agreed to response of participant 1. 15. Any problems encountered by your group relative to your inclusion or exclusion (participation and non￾participation) in activities related to forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsa ang mga problema nga naagian sa inyong organisasyon kalabot sa pagpa-apil o wala pagpa-apil kaninyo sa kalihukan kalabot sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/ watershed/ protected area) Participant 1 - No, there’s no problem. Participant 2 - No, there’s no problem. Participant 3 - No, there’s no problem. Participant 4 - No, there’s no problem. Participant 5 - No, there’s no problem. Participant 6 - No, there’s no problem. 148 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation)  Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. (Aduna ba kamoy nahibaloan nga mga materyales o pamaagi nga gigamit sa B+WISER Project sa pagpahibalo, pag-edukar ug pagsibya ngadto sa katawhan?) Participant 1 - There is one being proposed by B+WISER to set up a website on climber online application thru KMM (Kidapawan Magpet Makilala). This would also include the promotion of Mt. Apo. Agreed to response of participant 3. Participant 2 - I haven’t seen and received any. Nothing here in the community. Agreed to response of participant 3. Participant 3 - We haven’t seen any here in Kidapawan that had been distributed about their program. Participant 4 - When I was interviewed they handed me a newsletter. Agreed to response of participant 3. Participant 5 - There’s a card they gave out on flora and fauna which is very useful. Agreed to response of participant 3. Participant 6 - They have plans to provide for signages, and tarpaulins. Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 3. Participant 1 - Naa silay gi-propose ang B+WISER nga maghimo ug website sa climber online application thru KMM (Kidapawan Magpet Makilala). Apil napud ang pag promote sa Mt. Apo. Agreed to response of participant 3. Participant 2 - Wala ko ka kita ug kadawat. Wala dire sa kumunidad. Agreed to response of participant 3. Participant 3 - Wala pa mi nakita dire sa Kidawpawan nga gipanghatag about sa ilang mga programa. Participant 4 - Katong gi interview ko nila gitagaan ko nila ug newsletter. Agreed to response of participant 3. Participant 5 - Naay card nahatag nila nga sa flora and fauna gamit kaayo. Agreed to response of participant 3. Participant 6 - Naa silay plano nga mag provide sa signages, mga tarpaulin. Agreed to responses of participants 1 & 3. 17. Are they effective? In what way? (Epektibo ba ang maong mga pamaagi ug materyales? Sa unsang pamaagi nga nahimo silang epektibo?) Participant 1 - For me it’s not effective because this is not sufficient. Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 3 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 4 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 6 - It would mean big impact of thay have this (materials) published for promotion. They are still slowly making themselves known, the B+WISER. Participant 1 - Sa ako dili sya effective kulang pa gyud sya. Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 3 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 4 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 6. Participant 6 - I Dako kaayo ang epekto kung naa nang mga butanga na nga ilang ipang publish nga ma promote sila. Na anam pa man lang gud pag paila ang B+WISER. 18. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you Participant 1 - They are still trying to tap people and to check whether the community accepts the presence of B+WISER. They (B+WISER) is still assessing the situation. 149 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) solve these problems? In your opinion, what is the problem why these materials are not yet available? Unsay mga problema ang inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo? Giunsa ninyo pagsulbad ang maong mga problema? Sa inyong tan aw unsay problema kaha nganong wala pa silay ingon ani nga mga materyales? Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 3 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 4 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 6 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 1 - Lisod pa sila kay murag gina tap pa nila ang mga tao kung okay ba sa ila nga naa dire ang B+WISER. Murag na na niid pa sila ginatanaw pa gyud nila ang sitwasyon. Participant 2 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 3 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 4 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 5 - Agreed to response of participant 1. Participant 6 - Agreed to response of participant 1. 19. What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo?) Participant 1 – N/A Participant 2 – N/A Participant 3 – N/A Participant 4 – N/A Participant 5 – N/A Participant 6 – N/A 20. What lessons/positive experiences can your organization share with us relative to its participation in the environmental and forest management? Participant 1 – I am with Tourism Office and a graduate of Business Tourism Management, I am happy to be part of an organization of tourism to which close to my heart is the eco-tourism, the environment for me in my first climb I said to myself, this is how beautiful nature is much more if you preserve and take care of it and not allow to be harmed. Every time I witness detriment of the trail it is painful to me. I get hurt. Of course, they (nature) get hurt too because they have life. It is just wonderful to be part of this organization and being with the tourism office. Participant 2 – It is overwhelming for me as a guide considering my gender and petite physique, I become active I get to participate in outdoor activity even in my profession in the mechanical field it contributes a lot in being a guide because it boosts your confidence as well and you get to meet a lot of people. When it comes to protecting the natural park, as a youth, you don’t just get to own your experience because the learning you earned can be shared in some little ways like even proper disposal of candy wrap. You get to help the community in your exposure with them by promoting the benefit of tourism and you co-guide of course gets to benefit as well in getting some income and you get to appreciate the beauty of nature. Participant 3 – For me, I climb to help clients. I ensure their safety until they reach home and keep them away from danger. Participant 4 – I am grateful that I have income. It feels great that I am part of it. Participant 5 – I am glad that I have attended several trainings because of the organization. I earned 150 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Unsay mga maayong pagtulon-an o positibong kaagi ang mapaambit sa inyong organisasyon kalabot sa iyang kalambigitan sa pagdumala sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan?) more knowledge and it’s good that you get to meet people. Participant 6 – For me it’s a positive experience that the logging is minimized. There is at least protection of the trees. Participant 1 – Naa ko sa Tourism office then graduate pud ko ug Business Tourism Management, lipay ko nga naging part ko sa organization kay sa Tourism na love napud namo ang eco-tourism, ang environment pareha sa akoa nga nagsako ko sa Mt. Apo first time nako naka ngon gyud kog in ana gyud ka guapo ang nature labi na ug imo syang ma preserve ug maalagaan nga dili sya maguba. Kunga makit an nako nga maguba ang trail sakit sa akoa kung maguba sya. Pati ako masakitan. Syempre masakitan pud na sila kay naa silay kinabuhi. Nindot lang nga naapil ko ani nga organization ug sa tourism offce. Participant 2 – Sa akoa pud overwhelming kaayo sya para sa akong sarili kay considering sa akong gender ug sa akong panglawas nga gamay kaayo ko tapos guide dako kaayo sya ug tabang kay naging mas active ko unya naka participate ko sa mga outdoor nga activity even sa akong profession sa mechanical nga field dako kaayo ang gamit sa pagiging guide kay e boost niya imong confidence as well as daghan ka makaila nga mga tawo. Pag abot pud sa protecting the natural park, as a youth dili lang nimo ma sarili imong experience kay daghan ka na nahibal an pwede na nimo ma share sa iba maski ginagmay, kanang basura sa kendi. Makatabang pud ka sa isa ka community kay maski asa ka muadto maka promote ka ug turismo maka benefit pud imong kauban nga guide kay syempre maka income makatabang ka ug ma appreciate nimo ang beauty sa nature. Participant 3 – Sa akoa lang gasaka ko, gatbang ko sa mga kliyente. Ginaalalayan aron safe sila sa pag uli nila aron likay pud sila sa disgrasya. Participant 4 – Pasalamat lang pud ko nga nag income ko. Okay kaayo nga naka apil ko. Participant 5 – Lipay ko kay daghan koy naapilan nga training tungod lang ani. Ang kahibalo nadugangan unya nindot nga daghan ka ma meet nga mga tawo. Participant 6 – Sa akoa ang positive, na minimize nato ang pagputol sa kahoy. Nawala ang minimize nga pagpanguha ug kahoy at least naprotektahan. Kinsay gabuhat sa inyong trekking policy? Participant 1 - First sa Kidapawan ang nagbuhat naa mi trekking policy sa sangguniang panglungsod and 151 QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) then the next is the implementation of PAMB. Duha kabuok among policy kay wala man gud nakasulod sa PAMB ang finder’s fee ug ang 50% off kung taga Kidapawan ka, minimum 3days nga pagsaka. Naa gyuy separate nga trekking policy sa Tourism tapped with SB ug mag agi gyud ug agency sa pagsaka. 152 Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park A. Women’s and IP Sectors QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 1.What is the present status of your forest area? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participant 1 - Less trees Participant 2 - There are fewer trees left in the forest. There’s nothing left to hold the soil from eroding. Participant 3 - Lack of trees in the forest. Participant 4 - There’s a need to plant trees because of the deficiency of trees in the forest. Participant 5 - There is a deficiency of trees that the baldness of the forest is already visible. Participant 6 - The trees were already cut. Participant 7 - There are fewer trees left in the forest. Participant 8 - Lack of trees in the forest. Participant 9 - Before there was an abundance of trees, right now the forest became bald due to the cutting of trees. Participant 1 - Ang kahoy nagkulang na. Participant 2 - Nagkulang na ang kahoy sa bukid. Wala nay nagpugong sa yuta arun dli magdahili ang yuta sa bukid. Participant 3 - Kulang na ang kahoy. Participant 4 - Kinahanglan na nga magtanom kay kulang na ang kahoy sa bukid. Participant 5 - Kulang na ang kahoy. Medyo na upaw na ang lasang. Participant 6 - Nangaputol na ang mga kahoy sa bukid. Participant 7 - Kulang na ang kahoy na anaa sa bukid. Participant 8 - Ang kahoy nagkulang na. Participant 9 - Sa una baga ang kahoy karon nanipis na tungod sa pagpamutol. 2.Do you have an environmental and forest management in your community? (Aduna ba kamoy programa sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan sa inyong kuminidad?) 2a. What is the present status of environmental and forest management in your community? (Unsay kasamtangan kahimatang sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan?) 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna bay mga kausaban sa inyong programa sa pagdumala sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa Participant 1 - None Participant 2 - None Participant 3 - None Participant 4 - None Participant 5 - None Participant 6 - None Participant 7 - None Participant 8 - None Participant 9 - None 153 A. Women’s and IP Sectors QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) man kini ug unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban? 3. Have you observed any changes in your environmental and forest management? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management] (Aduna ba kamoy nakitang kausaban sa inyong kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini? Unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) Participant 1 - Due to illegal logging there were no trees left in the forest. Participant 2 - There are fewer trees in the forest also because of wild fire in the mountain. Participant 3 - Unlike before there are more trees in the forest. But right now there are more devts in the forest. Others settled in the area where they have purchased, cut the trees and farmed the land with coffee. Participant 4 - Due to fire caused by smoking in the forest, the trees died. Unlike before the number of tourists who visited the area was controlled. Nothing of these incidents happened. Participant 5 - Illegal logging was already a problem before but there were fewer incidents as to what is happening now. There are more illegal loggers now that causes climate change. Participant 6 - Before there were many trees in the forest. But right now very few are left due to illegal cutting of trees. Participant 7 - There are more settlers living in the forest now, like in sitio Alawon, a protected area.I am not saying that they are doing illegal activities but some of the settlers in different areas abuse our natural resources and do not give importance to the condition of our foresteven if it is already bald. Participant 8 - Due to negligence, like cigarette butts thrown carelessly that cause fire in the forest wherein the number of trees is declining. Participant 9 - Before there were lots of trees in the forest. But right now very few are left due to illegal cutting of trees. Participant 1 - Tungod sa illegal logging nahurot na ang kahoy sa lasang. Participant 2 - Tungod sad sa sunog busa nahurot na ang kahoy. Participant 3 - Sa una naa pay daghan kahoy. Karon naa nay nanag-iya sa uban yuta ila nang gi develop ang maong lugar. Ang kahoy na anaa sa sulod sa ilang yuta ila nang gipamutol ug gitamnan na sa kape. Participant 4 - Tungod sa sunog nahurot na ang mga kahoy. Dili taga dinhi sa amoa ang gasaka sa bukid unya didto ginalabay ang upos sa sigarilyo hinungdan sa maong sunog. Sa una naay control sa tao na mosaka didto. Karon wla nay control sa tao na gasaka sa bukid. Participant 5 - Sa una naa naman nang problema sa pagpamutol pero dili kayo sama niini ka daghan. Karon grabe na ang gasulod sa illegal logging mao nanang daghan na kalamidad ang gakabatian sa mga tao. Participant 6 - Sa una labong ang kakahoyan karon nanipis na tungod sa pamutol. Participant 7 - Ang mga tao gasulod na sa lasang ug didto na gapamuyo sama sa sitio Alawon. Dili pasabot nga tanan sila gahimo ug dili maayongbinuhatan apan daghan sa mga nagpuyo sa lasang sa nagkalin-laing lugar nag-abusar sa kinaiyahan ug wala nagpakabana bisan ug naupaw na ang bukid. Participant 8 - Tungod sa sunog, kanang sigarilyo nga basta basta lang ginalabay mao hinungdan nasunog ang kakahuyan sa bukid. 154 A. Women’s and IP Sectors QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 9 - Sa una baga jud ang kakahoyan. Karon nanipis na tungod sa pagmamutol sa kahoy. 4.Are the IPs organized? When was your group organized? Is your organization organized through the B+WISER Project? (Organisado ba kamo nga mga IPs? Kanus-a natukod ang inyong grupo? Aduna bay kalambigitan ang B+WISER project sa pag-organisa kaninyo?) Participant 1 - No, not an organized group. Participant 2 - No, not an organized group. Participant 3 - No, not an organized group. Participant 4 - No, not an organized group. Participant 5 - No, not an organized group. Participant 6 - No, not an organized group. Participant 7 - No, not an organized group. Participant 8 - No, not an organized group. Participant 9 - No, not an organized group. 5. Do you receive assistance (monetary or material) from B+WISER? What type of assistance do you receive? (Aduna ba kamoy nadawat nga suporta gikan sa B+WISER? Unsa kini nga klase nga supporta ang inyong nadawat?) 5a. What other assistance do you receive to environmental and forest management? From what source? (Aduna ba kamoy lain nga suporta nga nadawat sa uban alang sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Asa gikan ang suporta ug unsa nga klase nga suporta ang inyong nadawat?) Participant 1 - None Participant 2 - None Participant 3 - None Participant 4 - None Participant 5 - None Participant 6 - None Participant 7 - None Participant 8 - None Participant 9 - None 6. Did you attend or participate in any capacity building training pertaining to NRM (natural resource management) [Note: ask them to name all NRM-related trainings attended] (Nakatambong ba kamo ug mga pagbansay kalabot sa pagdumala sa mga kahinguhaan sa kinaiyahan? Participant 1 - Did not participate in any training. Participant 2 - Did not participate in any training. Participant 3 - Did not participate in any training. Participant 4 - Did not participate in any training. Participant 5 - Did not participate in any training. Participant 6 - Did not participate in any training. Participant 7 - Did not participate in any training. Participant 8 - Did not participate in any training. Participant 9 - Did not participate in any training. 155 A. Women’s and IP Sectors QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 6a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? (Kinsa ang naghatag sa pagbansay ug unsa kadugay kini gipahigayaon?) 6b. What did you learn from this or these training? (Unsay inyong nakat-una niini nga pagbansay?) 6c. What benefits did you or your community gets from these trainings? (Unsay mga kaayuhan ang imong nakuha sa pagbansay? Unsay kaayuhan sa maong pagbansay alang sa imong komunidad?) Participant 1 - Wala mi pagbansay naapilan. Participant 2 - Wala mi pagbansay naapilan. Participant 3 - Wala mi pagbansay naapilan. Participant 4 - Wala mi pagbansay naapilan. Participant 5 - Wala mi pagbansay naapilan. Participant 6 - Wala mi pagbansay naapilan. Participant 7 - Wala mi pagbansay naapilan. Participant 8 - Wala mi pagbansay naapilan. Participant 9 - Wala mi pagbansay naapilan. 7. Have you or your organization participated in any enforcement activities relative to your environmental management program of your forest resources? (Nakaapil k aba o ang grupo sa mga lumad sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagdumala kalabot sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) 7a. What is you or your organization’s role in these enforcement activities? (Unsa ang imong papel u gang papel sa grupo sa mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) 7b. What benefits did you or your organization gets from these enforcement activities? (Unsay kaayohan nga imong nakuha sa pagpatuman sa mga pamalaod sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan? Unsay kaayohan alang sa imong grupo?) 7c. What problems have you or your organization experienced with regard to enforcement of environmental activities? (Unsay mga problema nga imong naagian ug naagian usab sa imong grupo kalabot sa pagpatuman sa mga pamaagi sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) Participant 1 - None Participant 2 - None Participant 3 - None Participant 4 - None Participant 5 - None Participant 6 - None Participant 7 - None Participant 8 - None Participant 9 - None 156 A. Women’s and IP Sectors QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Forest Restoration and Livelihood 8. Are you a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Lakip kaba o ang inyong kahugpungan sa programa diin ang B+WISER nakiglambigit sa programa nga CCT o 4Ps sa DSWD nga naghatag kahigayonan sa malahutayong suporta sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected area?) Participant 1 - No Participant 2 - No Participant 3 - No Participant 4 - No Participant 5 - No Participant 6 - No Participant 7 - No Participant 8 - No Participant 9 - No Participant 1 - Dili Participant 2 - Dili Participant 3 - Dili Participant 4 - Dili Participant 5 - Dili Participant 6 - Dili Participant 7 - Dili Participant 8 - Dili Participant 9 - Dili 9. Have you put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. (Nakamugna kaba o ang imong kahugpungan ug mga proyekto o kalihokan alang sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar? Ipasabot kini.) Participant 1 - None Participant 2 - None Participant 3 - None Participant 4 - None Participant 5 - None Participant 6 - None Participant 7 - None Participant 8 - None Participant 9 - None 10. What are the livelihood projects introduced in your community in support to forest restoration activities? (Unsa nga mga proyekto sa kapanginabuhian ang nasugdan sa inyong kumunidad isip suporta sa pagbalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar?) Participant 1 - None Participant 2 - None Participant 3 - None Participant 4 - None Participant 5 - None Participant 6 - None Participant 7 - None Participant 8 - None Participant 9 - None 157 A. Women’s and IP Sectors QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 11. Any problems encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? Did you solve them? (Unsay mga problema ang inyong naagian sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar?) Participant 1 - None Participant 2 - None Participant 3 - None Participant 4 - None Participant 5 - None Participant 6 - None Participant 7 - None Participant 8 - None Participant 9 - None 12. What are the challenges that you faced in your forest restoration activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga inyong giatubang kabahin sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participant 1 - None Participant 2 - None Participant 3 - None Participant 4 - None Participant 5 - None Participant 6 - None Participant 7 - None Participant 8 - None Participant 9 - None 13. What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by your IP group in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Participant 1 - There are activities done to protect the environment but not being done with our group as IPs. In our individual capacity mandated in our barangay there are activities that we do, such as Tree Planting, policies that refrain us from burning plastic and rubber. These are activities that we do as individuals in our puroks in which we belong. Participant 2 - None Participant 3 - None Participant 4 - None Participant 5 - There are activities done to protect the environment but not being done with our group as IPs. In our individual capacity mandated in our barangay there are activities that we do, such as Tree Planting, policies that refrain us from burning plastic and rubber. These are activities that we do as individuals in our puroks in which we belong. Participant 6 - None Participant 7 - None Participant 8 - None Participant 9 - None 158 A. Women’s and IP Sectors QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Unsa ang mga kalihukan nga gihimo sa grupo sa lumad nga adunay dakung kalambigitan sa pagpanalipod ug pagdumala sa kalasangan/watershed/protected areas?) Participant 1 - Naay kalihukan para sa pagprotektaug pagdumala sa kinaiyahan pero dili isip usa ka tribu kun dili isip individual nga kalihukan sama sa Tree Planting, dili pagsunog sa plastik ug goma ug uban pa. Kini kalihokan sa purok diin asa me sakop. Participant 2 - Wala Participant 3 - Wala Participant 4 - Wala Participant 5 - Naay kalihukan para sa pagprotektaug pagdumala sa kinaiyahan pero dili isip usa ka tribu kun dili isip individual nga kalihukan sama sa Tree Planting, dili pagsunog sa plastik ug goma ug uban pa. Kini kalihokan sa purok diin asa me sakop. Participant 6 - Wala Participant 7 - Wala Participant 8 - Wala Participant 9 - Wala 14. Are these activities effective? Please explain. (Epektibo ba ang mga maong kalihukan? Palihug pagpasabot ngano nga nakaingon ka niini) Participant 1 - It is effective because all of us cared. Participant 2 - Effective Participant 3 - Effective Participant 4 - Effective Participant 5 - It is effective because all of us cared. Participant 6 - Effective Participant 7 - Effective Participant 8 - Effective Participant 9 - Effective Participant 1 - Kani epektibo para kanamo kay kami tanan nagpakabana. Participant 2 - Epektibo Participant 3 - Epektibo Participant 4 - Epektibo Participant 5 - Kani epektibo para kanamo kay kami tanan nagpakabana. Participant 6 - Epektibo Participant 7 - Epektibo Participant 8 - Epektibo Participant 9 - Epektibo 15. In what activities related to forest/watershed/PA protection and management are IPs tapped? (Sa unsa pa nga mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected areas gilambigit o giapil ang mga IPs (lumad)) Participant 1 - None Participant 2 - None Participant 3 - None Participant 4 - None Participant 5 - None Participant 6 - None Participant 7 - None 159 A. Women’s and IP Sectors QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 8 - None Participant 9 - None 16. Any problems encountered by your group relative to your inclusion or exclusion (participation and non￾participation) I activities related to forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsa ang mga problema nga inyong naagian kalabot sa pagpa-apil o wala pagpa-apil kaninyo sa kalihukan kalabot sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected are?) Participant 1 - As an IP group there is none. In an individual experience due to health reason that is why we were not able to participate. Participant 2 - In time when we don’t feel better physically then we were not able to participate. Participant 3 - When we have to tend to our household chores like watching the children. Then we can’t participate. Participant 4 - We cannot participate when we have work to do. Participant 5 - In time when we don’t feel better physically then we were not able to participate. Participant 6 - When we have to tend to our household chores like watching the children. Then we can’t participate. Participant 7 - When we have to watch over our kids we can’t participate. Participant 8 - When we have health problems. Participant 9 - When we have to watch over our kids we can’t participate. Participant 1 - Sa usa ka grupo sa lumad wala pero sa individual namo na experyensya ang problema namo amo gibati busa dili me makaapil usahay. Participant 2 - Sa panahon na naa me gibati sa lawas. Participant 3 - Kanang naa me batang gamay gabantay me sa among mga anak busa dili me kaapil. Participant 4 - Dili me makaapil kung naa me mga trabaho. Participant 5 - Sa panahon na naa me gibati sa lawas. Participant 6 - Kanang naa me batang gamay gabantay me sa among mga anak busa dili me kaapil. Participant 7 - Tungod naay bata bantayan. Participant 8 - Kung naa me problema sa balatian dili maka tambong. Participant 9 - Tungod naay bata bantayan. Communication Campaigns 17. Would you know any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. (Aduna ba kamoy nahibaloan nga mga materyales o pamaagi nga gigamit sa B+WISER Project sa pagpahibalo, pag-edukar ug pagsibya ngadto sa katawhan?) Participant 1 - None from B+WISER. In the barangay there is a poster posted in the bulletin board. Also during barangay assemblies we were informed regarding the effects of the environment if we do nothing. Participant 2 - None Participant 3 - None Participant 4 - Poster from barangay Participant 5 - None from B+WISER. In the barangay there is a poster posted in the bulletin board. Also during barangay assemblies we were informed regarding the effects of the environment if we do nothing. Participant 6 - None Participant 7 - None Participant 8 - None Participant 9 - None from B+WISER. In the barangay there is a poster posted in the bulletin board. 160 A. Women’s and IP Sectors QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Also during barangay assemblies we were informed regarding the effects of the environment if we do nothing. Participant 1 - Wala kung gikan sa B+WISER pero sa barangay naa. Naay mga poster og nakabutang cya sa bulletin board. Kana pud panahon sa barangay assembly gipangmanuan me sa epekto sa kinaiyahan kung pasagdan. Participant 2 - Wala Participant 3 - Wala Participant 4 – Poster gikan sa barangay. Participant 5 - Wala kung gikan sa B+WISER pero sa barangay naa. Naay mga poster og nakabutang cya sa bulletin board. Kana pud panahon sa barangay assembly gipangmanuan me sa epekto sa kinaiyahan kung pasagdan.Participant 6 - Wala Participant 7 - Wala Participant 8 - Wala Participant 9 - Wala kung gikan sa B+WISER pero sa barangay naa. Naay mga poster og nakabutang cya sa bulletin board. Kana pud panahon sa barangay assembly gipangmanuan me sa epekto sa kinaiyahan kung pasagdan. 18. Are they effective? In what way? (Epektibo ba ang maong mga pamaagi ug materyales? Sa unsang pamaagi nga nahimo silang epektibo?) Participant 1 - Not effective. Participant 2 - Not effective. Participant 3 - Not effective. Participant 4 - Not effective. Participant 5 - Not effective. Participant 6 - Not effective. Participant 7 - Not effective. Participant 8 - Not effective. Participant 9 - Not effective. Participant 1 - Dili epekitbo. Participant 2 - Dili epektibo. Participant 3 - Dili epektibo. Participant 4 - Dili epektibo. Participant 5 - Dili epektibo. Participant 6 - Dili epektibo. Participant 7 - Dili epektibo. Participant 8 - Dili epektibo. Participant 9 - Dili epektibo. 161 A. Women’s and IP Sectors QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 19. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems? (Unsay mga problema ang inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo? Giunsa ninyo pagsulbad ang maong mga problema) Participant 1 - We can’t easily read it. Participant 2 - Not effective because we don’t know how to read. Participant 3 - We haven’t seen or read it. Participant 4 - We were not ableto read any information posted. Participant 5 - It’s effective for me because it’s appealing to me. Participant 6 - Not effective because we don’t know how to read. Participant 7 - We haven’t seen or read it. Participant 8 - We haven’t seen or read it. Participant 9 - It’s effective for me because it’s appealing to me. Participant 1 - Kay dili namo dali mabasa. Participant 2 - Dili epiktibo kay dili me kabasa.) Participant 3 - Wala me kabasa Participant 4 - Wala me kabasa kung naay gipang butang. Participant 5 - Epektibo para kanako ky nakaingganyo kanako. Participant 6 - Dili epiktibo kay dili me kabasa. Participant 7 - Wala me kabasa Participant 8 - Wala me kabasa Participant 9 - Epektibo para kanako kay nakaingganyo kanako. 20. What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo?) Participant 1 - Not readable Participant 2 - I don’t know how to read. Participant 3 - Not visible that’s why we haven’t read it. Participant 4 - Not visible to read. It was not place right for everyone to see. Participant 5 - None Participant 6 - I don’t know how to read. Participant 7 - Not readable. Participant 8 - Not readable. Participant 9 - None. Participant 1 - Dili dali mabasa Participant 2 - Dili ko kabalo mobasa Participant 3 - Dili klaro busa wala nmo nabasa Participant 4 - Dili dali mabasa, dili maayo pagka plastar busa wla me kahibalo. Participant 5 - Wala Participant 6 - Dili ko kabalo mobasa Participant 7 - Dili dali mabasa Participant 8 - Dili dali mabasa Participant 9 - Wala 162 A. Women’s and IP Sectors QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 21. What good lessons/experiences can you share with us as an IP or as a member of the IP association? (Unsay mga maayong pagtulon-an o positibong kaagi ang imong mapaambit isip usa ka lumad o sakop sa hugpong sa mga lumad?) Participant 1 - The proper and right way on how to take care of our environment. Encourage others to do the same. Participant 2 - I have nothing to share as of now. Participant 3 - I have nothing to share as of now. Participant 4 - I have nothing to share as of now. Participant 5 - I have nothing to share as of now. Participant 6 - I have nothing to share as of now. Participant 7 - I have nothing to share as of now. Participant 8 - I have nothing to share as of now. Participant 9 - To share the knowledge we acquired to others. Participant 1 - Ang maayong pamaagi sa pag atiman sa kinaiyahan ug aghaton ang uban na mao gihapon ang buhaton. Participant 2 - Wala koy mapaambit sa karon. Participant 3 - Wala koy mapaambit sa karon. Participant 4 - Wala koy mapaambit sa karon. Participant 5 - Wala koy mapaambit sa karon. Participant 6 - Wala koy mapaambit sa karon. Participant 7 - Wala koy mapaambit sa karon. Participant 8 - Wala koy mapaambit sa karon. Participant 9 - Ang pagpa ambit sa uban sa amo nahibaloan pinaagi sa barangay. B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 2. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? (Adunana ba kamoy programa sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan sa inyong komunidad?) 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa programa sa pagdumalasa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan?) 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? Participant 1 - We have a management plan like the IEC for the people in the community. Participant 2 - We manage the people situated in the buffer zone. We priotize in informing them the effects of abusing our environment like doing the “Kaingin” system of farming. Even if they farm their land they should give importance to the forest. A fire brigade was established wherein the members are the farmers. They are the ones who protect the forest from fire. We also prevent people frombringing air guns and apprehend those who get plants from the forest. Before, we consider our forest as “Botika sa Lumad” but as of today we refrain from getting plants from the forest so it can regain its natural condition. We follow the laws mandated by DENR and also the laws of our tribe. Participant 3 - We take action when something happens in the forest like fire. Although we act right away, there is no specific plan that we follow. Participant 4 - At present, we appeal to the people that they should plant trees. We disseminate information and post posters to inform others regarding the situation of our forest. That 163 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Aduna bay mga kausaban sa inyong programa sa pagdumala sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini ug unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) people should not just protect the forest but also the different wild life in it. Participant 5 - We guard against the illegal loggers in the area. We are vigilant in protecting our forest to prevent and apprehend the violators. Participant 6 - As KGVs, we are tasked to protect our environment. We don’t tolerate burning and cutting of trees, i.e. rattan, in the forest. Illegal actions are prohibited. Before anybody can perform such actions they are referred to us and we get the chance to advocate to would-be violators to plant more trees rather than cut them down and this is with the help of NGP (Nat’l Greening Program) initiated by PAMB thru DENR. Participant 7 - As KGVs, we conduct monthly roving to monitor cutting of trees, collecting of orchids and other prohibited acts within the protected area. Participant 8 - I participate in the roving conducted monthly by the group. We are only two women in the KGV group. Participant 1 - Naa, naay pamaagi sa pagdumalasama sa pagpahibalo sa mga tao pjnaagi sa IEC. Participant 2 - Ang pagdumala namo sa mga tao nga anaa sa buffer zone anh among gitagaan ug prioridad na maski anaa sila nag uma sa ilang yuta mahibalo jud sila sa epekto sa pag kainggin sa lasang. Na protektaran nila ang bukid sa sunog. Namugna ang fire brigade diin ang mga tag- iya sa yuta mao ang gitugyanan sa mao nga bulahaton. Gibawalan na magdala ug airgun sa lasang, ang pagpanguha sa mga tanom nga anaa sa lasang. Gitawag namo kaniadto na botika sa lumad ang kalasangan apan karon ginabawalan na ang pagpanguha sa mga tanom sa bukid. Ang pagsunod sa mga pamalaod na gihatag sa DENR, ug pamalaod sa tribo mao ang among ginasunod karon. Participant 3 - Kung naay mga kalihokan sa lasang sama sa sunog amo nang aksyonan dayon. Pero wala jud plano na ginasunod. Participant 4 - Sa pagka karon gi awhag namo ang mga tao na magtanom ug kahoy. Ga suroy me mamilit ug poster nga nagpahibalo sa kahimtang sa kalasangan nga dili igo nga maprotektahan lang ang mga kahoy apan lakip usab ang nagkalain-laing mga klase sa mga langgam, tanom ug hayop nga anaa sa kalasangan Participant 5 - Ang pagbantay sa illegal logging na anaa sa lugar. Mabinantayon kami kanunay arun amo mapugngan ug masugpo ang malapason. Participant 6 - Ang ako gyung na kuan ako gyud nga naa sa pagka kgv ang atong kinaiyahan nga dili na masunog sunog ug uban pang mga hayop dha nga among ibawal. Wala nay mga illegal karon. Uban nga mga uway amo nang ibawal kung naay mag putol. Sa dili pa sila mamutol musangit man sad sila sa amo kay dili man gani angay putlon. Dugangan pa man gali na. Naay mga pananop bahin aning NGP sa PAMB – DENR. Participant 7 - Sa among pagka KGV gahimo mi ug roving, ga imonitor namo ang pamutol ug kahoy ug pangolekta ug orchid dha sa protected area. Participant 8 - Ga apil ko sa roving kada bulan. Duha ra mi nga babaye sa KGV. 164 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environ￾mental and forest management program] Participant 1 - There is a huge difference in the present situation of our forest. The violators were apprehended and violations no longer happened. Before, wild animals moved away from their natural habitat to look for food because the forest couldn’t provide it anymore. But now the animals have returned to their natural habitat because there are plenty of foods in the forest now. People did not cut trees that are sources of food of the animals in the forest. What we did was just to protect the 3,764 hectares of forest. We protect it from illegal loggers and from fire from 2003- 2010. And eventually the forest, by itself, regained its health because the abuses have stopped. We just protected the forest that allowed the small trees to grow. Participant 2 - Nobody touches the forest anymore. People have stopped hunting animals and getting plants from the forest. I have observed that the forest is much greener today. There is a huge difference that even when the B+WISER personnel monitors the area, there are no more brown patchesthat can be seen and they only see green whichmeans there are more trees present. Participant 3 - The change that I have observed is that before, when abuses were still done, there were no more deer in the forest for they don’t have food anymore. But today there are deer present in the forest because food is now available. Participant 4 - There is a big difference. You could see now that the forest is greener. Nobody cuts trees anymore because violators are already informed and apprehended. Participant 5 - There is a big difference in the forest now. Before, trucks carrying illegal logs passed by everyday but we have since been able to control that since 1998. Hard wood trees were cut counting by the thousands. Today you could no longer see trucks carrying hard wood from the forest. Also the investors here in our community help us apprehend violators with the help of their CCTV cameras installed in their vicinity. Our consistent effort in protecting the forest through our monthly monitoring and roving paid off because the forest has regained its healthy condition. There are no more violators because they were already informed what will happen to the environment and what will be the punishment to those who will violate the law. Participant 6 - Since there were no KGVs before, burning and cutting of trees was really rampant. There has been significant change since KGV was organized. KGV is true to its mandate. The settlers became more conscious with regard to burning and cutting of trees because a complaint will be brought to the authorities for necessary action if there is a violation committed. This prevented people from doing illegal activities that can possibly destroy the environment and the forest. Participant 7 - “Slash and burn” is no longer evident which has been formerly used as a farming system. Since this farming method was disallowed, denuded areas are now partly covered with trees and plants and the healthy condition of the forest is slowly restored Farming in the protected areas is also discouraged to prevent the occurrence of forest logging. These 165 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Aduna ba kamoy nakitang kausaban sa inyong kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini? Unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) changes are brought about by only making our fellow settlers understand at we need to protect the environment because this is for our own common good. Participant 8 - “Slash and burn” is no longer evident which has been formerly used as a farming system. Since this farming method was disallowed, denuded areas are now partly covered with trees and plants and the healthy condition of the forest is slowly restored Farming in the protected areas is also discouraged to prevent the occurrence of forest logging. These changes are brought about by only making our fellow settlers understand that we need to protect the environment because this is for our own common good. Participant 1 - Dako jud ang kausaban sa kasamtangang kahimtang sa kalasangan. Naundang na ang kaingin. Na wala na jud maski unsa nga gibuhat nga mga kalapasan. Wala nay gapanguha ug tanom nga ginadili na kuhaon sa lasang. Sa una, ang mga mananap sa kalasangan tua sa gawas sa buffer zones arun sa pagpanguha sa ilang pagkaon kay nagkulang na, karon nibalik na ang mga mananap sa kalasangan tungod kay dghan na kahoy ug ang ilang pagkaon wala na hilabti sa mga tao. Naa nay kakuhaan sa pagkaon ang mga mananap sa lasang. Kay ang gibuhat sa KGV mao ang pagbantay lang na dili masunog ang lasang nga 3,764 ka ektarya kay giatiman namo pag ayo ang mga gagmay na kahoy sauna nga nangdagko na karon. Gani wala na tamni ug bag-o na kahoy gikan sa 2003- 2010. Ang kalasangan mao ang nagtambal sa iyang kawad￾on sa kahoy na igo lang namo kini giprotektahan ug gibantayan. Participant 2 - Wala na gyud gapangayam. Ang pagkuha sa tanom sa lasang wala na nahilabti. Ako nabantayan ni green najud ug bukid tungod kay wala nay gamupol sa kahoy napunggan na. Dako ang makita nimo na kausaban kay kung magmonitor maski ang taga B+WISER green na ilang makita dili pareha sa una nag a red pasabot naay pahak ang bukid. Participant 3 - Ang kausaban nga akong obserbahan mao nga wala nay mga usa kaniadto sa taas sa bukid tungod sa pag-abusar. Wala nay pagkaon sa lasang mao ni ang usa sa daotan nga epekto sa pag-abusar sa lasang sa una. Nausab na kini kay nibalik na man ang mga usa sa bukid timailhan nga nidaghan na balik ang pagkaon sa lasang.) Participant 4 - Dako na ang kausaban makita najud nan i green na balik ang lasang. Wala nay namutol kay sa una gipang pungan man jud ang malapason. Participant 5 - Sa ako dako ang kausaban kay sa una taga adlaw ga agi dinhi ang mga truk sa illegal loggers pero amo na napunggan. Mga hard wood jud sa una ang ginapamutol. Mga nilibo jud ang kadaghanon sa kahoy. Pero sa tuig 1998 na control na ang illegal logging hangtud run wala nay makita na gapamutol. Nakatabang pud ang mga investors sa among lugar sa pagbantay sa mao na mga illegal loggers tungod sa ilang CCTV gawas sa ilang lugar ug gawas sa buffer zone. Kami na mga KGV permi man kami ga roving sa lasang matag bulan. Amo nabantayan na nibalik najud ang ka labong sa kalasangan. Wala nay nag abosar. Kay ang mga tao nahadlok na magkuha sa lasang kay amo naman sila napahibalo sa unsay silot mapahamtang sila magbuhat ug illegal sa lasang. Participant 6 - Kaniadto nga wala pa ang KGV, daghan kaayo pagsunog ug pamutol sa kahoy. Dako kaayo 166 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) ang kausaban sukad namugna ang KGV. Ang KGV sampolan gyud dayon kung di mutuo sa pagpamadlong. Ang mga lumulupyo magbantay na sa pagsunog ug pagputol kay ipasaka man namo ang reklamo sa taas. Sa kini nga pama-agi mapugngan ang tawo sa di maayo nga kalihokan nga maka daot sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan.) Participant 7 - Wala nay ga “slash and “burn” nga mao ang pamagi sa kaniadto sa pag uma. Sa karon kay wala na ni nga system sa pag uma kay gi bawal na hinay hinay nga nibalik ang nagka upaw nga mga kahoy. DIli na pud ga tugtan mag uma para malikayan ang pag pamutol sa kahoy. Kini nga kausaban tungod sa pagpasabot sa mga lumlupyo ang pag protektar sa kinaiyahan ug para kini sa atong kaayohan. Participant 8 - Wala nay ga “slash and “burn” nga mao ang pamagi sa kaniadto sa pag uma. Sa karon kay wala na ni nga system sa pag uma kay gi bawal na hinay hinay nga nibalik ang nagka upaw nga mga kahoy. DIli na pud ga tugtan mag uma para malikayan ang pag pamutol sa kahoy. Kini nga kausaban tungod sa pagpasabot sa mga lumlupyo ang pag protektar sa kinaiyahan ug para kini sa atong kaayohan. 4. When was Bantay Gubat organized in your community? Was it organized through the B+WISER project? (Kanus-a natukod ang inyong Bantay Gubat sa inyong komunidad? Aduna bay kalambigitan ang B+WISER project sa pagkatukod niini?) 4a. How many members are there in your BantayGubat? How many men? How many women? [Note: If there are no women members, ask why] (Pila ka buok ang miyembro sa BantayGubat? Pila kanila ang lalaki, pila ang babaye?) 4b. How big (may be in hectares) is the coverage of your Bantay Gubat or foot patrol? (Unsa ka dako o pila ka ektaya ang gilangkuban ninyo sa BantayGubat (foot patrol)?) Participant 1 - In 1997 Bantay Gubat was organized. We were called before as Alimaong Cultural Guards established with the help of KIN. But in 2006 it was changed to KGV or Kitanglad Guard Volunteers with the assistance of DENR. The KGV was established through the eight Municipal Mayors of Bukidnon who want to push that Mt. Kitanglad be a protected area. The name of the group was changed to KGV mainly to be able to have a fund allocation from the DENR. KGV was already established long before B+WISER Project arrived. Our coverage is 1000+ hectares which we know because DENR funded the GPS sytem to be able to have a full view of the protected area. Participant 2 - We were called Alimaong Cultural Guards in 1997. Since 2006 we have been called KGV. The B+WISER Project is new to us. In 1997 there were 15 original members of Alimaong Cultural Guard. When we became KGV only 6 nembers are left. Before, the members were all men. We don’t have women in the group because the task is very dangerous. It compels us to climb the mountain all the time to look for violators. When the B+WISER came to us there are just the 6 of us left. Our coverage is 1000+ hectares which we know because DENR funded the GPS sytem to be able to have a full view of the protected area. Participant 3 - We were called Alimaong Cultural Guards in 1997. Since 2006 we have been called KGV with the help from DENR for us to have fund allocation. There were 15 original members in the group but now there just 6 of us. Others are already dead, others got sick and could no longer function as a protector of the environment. We were all men before in the group because we were the only ones who had the guts to apprehend the violators and watch over the forest. Our coverage is 1000+ hectares which we know because DENR funded the GPS sytem to be able to have a full view of the protected area. 167 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 4 - We were called Alimaong Cultural Guards in 1997 but I was not yet a member of the group then. I joined in 2006. Originally, there were 15 male members in the group. There were no women involved because they were afraid something bad might happen to them. The job is very dangerous especially for women. I decided to join the KGVs because the situation now is much different than before. The situation is now peaceful unlike before when there were too many illegal loggers. Also because of the laws it is relatively safer now for women to perform their duties as KGVs. Our coverage is 1000+ hectares which we know because DENR funded the GPS sytem to be able to have a full view of the protected area. Participant 5 - We were called Alimaong Cultural Guards in 1997. Since 2006 we have been called KGV. There were 15 original members in the group but now there are justthe six of us, five men one woman because others died already, or got sick or too old to do the duties. There were also a few who got intimidated and felt scared as we do our responsibilities as guards. Being a KGV is a dangerous job. Our coverage is 1000+ hectares which we know because DENR funded the GPS sytem to be able to have a full view of the protected area. Participant 6 - No, B+WISER has nothing to do with our organization as KGVs, although B+WISER is proposing that we will be given permission to till within the buffer zone but they are still working on it. This has not been officially arranged yet. Presently we are just cultivating our own land. Participant 7 - No, B+WISER has nothing to do with our organization as KGVs, although B+WISER is proposing that we will be given permission to till within the buffer zone but they are still working on it. This has not been officially arranged yet. Presently we are just cultivating our own land. Participant 8 - No, B+WISER has nothing to do with our organization as KGVs, although B+WISER is proposing that we will be given permission to till within the buffer zone but they are still working on it. This has not been officially arranged yet. Presently we are just cultivating our own land. Participant 1 - Sa tuig 1997 natukod ang kaniadto ginganlan pa ug Alimaong Cultural Guard pa sa tabang sa KIN ug sa 2006 mao nani ang KGV nga nareorganisa pinaagi sa DENR. Namugna ang KGV Pinaagi sa panagtigum sa 8 ka Municipal Mayors sa Bukidnon para ma aprobahan na himuon na protected area ang Mt. Kitanglad. Sa una sa 1997 mga AlimaongCultural Guard ang tawag sa amoa. Nahimo me karun nga Kitangalad Guard Volunteer Para matagaan me ug pundo gikan sa DENR.. Namugna pud ang KGV sa wala pa niabot ang B+WISER. Ang area namo naa sa 1000+ hectares. Nahibaloan namo ang kalapdon tungod sa GPS sa DENR. Participant 2 - Sa tuig 1997 natukod ang kaniadto ginganlan pa ug Alimaong Cultural Guard nga sa 2006 mao na ni ang KGV. Ang B+WISER bag -ohay pa lang nisulod. Sa 1997 aduna kamiy 15 ka myembro sa Alimaong Cultural Guard. Sa 2006 unom nalang me kabuok nahibilin. Sauna walay 168 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) mga babae na kauban namo tungod kay dilikado ang trabaho ginukdanay sa mga malapason ug ang pag sige saka sa bukid. Sa pagsulod sa B+WISER kami nalang 6 ang nagpabilin nga KGV. Ang area namo naa sa 1000+ hectares. Nahibaloan namo ang kalapdon tungod sa GPS sa DENR. Participant 3 - Sa tuig1997 natukod ang kaniadto ginganlan pa ug Alimaong Cultural Guard nga sa 2006 mao na ni ang KGV. Gitabangan me sa DENR para matagaan sa pundo. Sa 15 me kauok kaniadto karon 6 nalang tungod kay nangamatay na ang uban myembro ug ang uban nagluya na kay naay mga balatian. Puro me lalaki sa una kay kami lang ang korsunada ma mag sige saka sa bukid arun sa pagbantay. Ang area namo naa sa 1000+ hectares. Nahibaloan namo ang kalapdon tungod sa GPS sa DENR. Participant 4 - Sa tuig 1997 natukod ang kaniadto ginganlan pa ug Alimaong Cultural Guard. Ssa 2006 mao nani ang KGV. Pero dili pa ako apil sa grupo. Sa 15 ka myembro puro ni lalaki. Mga 2006 ko nakaapil sa KGV ug ako ra ang babae sa among grupo. Sa una walay babae nahiapil sa KGV tungod kay mahadlok pa na moapil sa kalihokan kay sauna grabe paman jud kadaghan ang mga illegal loggers. Gibati pami ug kakuyaw kung kami mahiapil. Karon naka desisyon ko na moapil kay nakita nako na medyo arang-arang na kahimtang na makaya na nako na moatobang sa mga malapason. Sa tan-aw nako makasukol na ang babae sama nako. Ang area namo naa sa 1000+ hectares. Nahibaloan namo ang kalapdon tungod sa GPS sa DENR. Ang among pagbantay by area of jurisdiction limited to Dahilayan, Bagalangit, Kumaykay ug Mangima area. Pero gatinabanga me sa uban kung kinahanglan nila among tabang motabang pud me sa ila. Participant 5 - Sa tuig 1997 natukod ang Alimaong Cultural Guard pa ang ngalan sa grupo. Sugod sa 2006 mao nani ang KGV. Kinse mi kabuok kaniadto apan karon unom na lang, 5 ka lalaki 1 ka babae tungod kay ang lima namatay,ang upat nagluya na kay naay mgabalatian, niundang kay hadlok mamatay. Dilikado man amo trabaho isip KGV. Ang area namo naa sa 1000+ hectares. Nahibaloan namo ang kalapdon tungod sa GPS sa DENR. Participant 6 - Wala. Pero adunay hisgot sa B+WISER nga matagaan mi ug pirmiso nga maka uma mi sa buffer zone. Wala pa gyud ni sa pagka karon. Amo nga yuta among gitrabaho sa pagka karon. Participant 7 - Wala. Pero adunay hisgot sa B+WISER nga matagaan mi ug pirmiso nga maka uma mi sa buffer zone. Wala pa gyud ni sa pagka karon. Amo nga yuta among gitrabaho sa pagka karon. Participant 8 - Wala. Pero adunay hisgot sa B+WISER nga matagaan mi ug pirmiso nga maka uma mi sa buffer zone. Wala pa gyud ni sa pagka karon. Amo nga yuta among gitrabaho sa pagka karon. 5. Did you attend or participate in any ELE (Environment Law Enforcement) training organized by B+WISER project (e.g. LAWIN or (Landscape and Wild Life Indicators)? [Note: ask them to name all other NRM-related trainings attended] (Nakatambong ba kamo ug mga pagbansay kalabot sa Participant 1 - I participated in the following: (1) BMS- the Biodiversity Monitoring System - we were trained on how to manage and protect the forest and also the life in it. The BMS is being conducted quarterly through the PASU office; (2) SMART LAWIN- we were trained how to use the SMART LAWIN application with the use of the tablet provided by the B+ WISER Project. The training was conducted last October 21- 23, 2015. Through the tablet, we came to know the exact coverage of the protected area. Through this application we were able to properly monitor the area. We can even check who are 169 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) pagpatuman sa mga balaod alang sa kinaiyahan (sama sa ELE) nga gipasiugda sa B+WISER (eg, LAWIN)?) 5a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? (Kinsa ang naghatag sa pagbansay ug unsa kadugay kini gipahigayon?) 5b. What did you learn from this or these training/s? (Unsay inyong nakat-unan niini nga pagbansay?) 5c. What benefits did you or your community gets from these trainings? (Unsay mga kaayuhan ang imong nakuha sa pagbansay? Unsay kaayuhan sa maong pagbansay alang sa imong komunidad?) those doing the monitoring; and (3) Paralegal- we were told about the laws regarding the protection of the environment and what are the sanctions/punishment to those who will violate the law. It was also sponsored by B+WISER Project. The learnings we have gained from these trainings included understanding not just about the environment but a deeper understanding of the life in the forest; and that we need to protect and preserve them. The benefits we gained included the following: (1) saving the people of Dahilayan; (2) learnings and experiences we have imparted to others and the knowledge we shared to them that if we neglect our forest there will be none left in the future; and (3) the forest is the source of food and medicines for us lumads that we should take care of it. Participant 2 - I have participated in the SMART LAWIN training. They taught us how to use the application in the tablet which was conducted by B+WISER Project. It was a good training for us and it is easier to use as long as we will practice using the tablet rather than our practice before of roving around our coverage area. The second was the Paralegal training also sponsored by B+WISER Project where I came to know the laws that have been passed for the protection of the environment. I came to know about the Chainsaw Act prohibiting the bringing of a chainsaw equipment especially at the buffer zone area; that whoever violates the law will be apprehended and punished. The illegal activities were controlled because of what we learned from the trainings that we have attended. Participant 3 - I have participated in the SMART LAWIN training. They taught us how to use the application in the tablet which was conducted by B+WISER Project. It was a good training. Though we were ignorant with the technology but with more practice it became much easier to use. These trainings help us to know the destruction of our environment and to gain knowledge on how to protect the environment. Without knoweldge there would be nothing to pass on to the next generations. Our grandcgildren would not enjoy the fresh air, the mountain, and the forest. The trainings and the knowledge we gained allow us to share to others so that they will also do the same (protect the forest). Participant 4 - I have participated in the SMART LAWIN training. They taught us how to use the application in the tablet which was conducted by B+WISER Project. It was a big help to us. It is easier to monitor the activities in the forest using the tablet than the old way of writing what we have observed in the forest. With this application we can get the information instantly without hassle. We could monitor more easily a big area rather than our old ways in monitoring the forest. The BMS training taught us how to do monitoring, how to make reports and what to observe in the forest. It also taught us the proper way to manage the forest or how to protect it. We also share our learnings to others. Participant 5 - I have participated in the SMART LAWIN training. They taught us how to use the application in the tablet which was conducted by B+WISER Project. It was a good and wonderful training because it helps us to monitor everything in the forest easily and we can now see how big our coverage is. It is much easier than BMS. We just need to 170 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) practice more on how to use the tablet. We have benefited from these trainings through more knowledge gained on how to protect the environment properly. We have also shared the knowledge to others so that they also help in protecting our environment. Participant 6 - Yes. The training was informally conducted among individuals and not to the group of farmers, not even for KGVsThe informal trainings were more of a basic briefing on tree￾planting course for the settlers. I learned basic knowledge in making fire break/line to protect trees and plants. The KGV group was organized by PASU and through them we get access to trainings initiated by agencies from DENR and NOMIARC on NRM seminars and the like. We were trained how to make fire break and capacitating us how to prevent and stop fires in the forest. The training was conducted for 3 days. I have benefitted from the training especially on the use of the new technology (tablet) for environment and forest management program. I was trained on the use of this technology initiated by B+WISER. Participant 7 - Yes. The training was informally conducted among individuals and not to the group of farmers, not even for KGVsThe informal trainings were more of a basic briefing on tree￾planting course for the settlers. I learned the importance of planting trees as part of protecting our environment and the significance of forest laws to protect the forest. The KGV group was organized by PASU and through them we get access to trainings initiated by agencies from DENR and NOMIARC on NRM seminars and the like. We were trained how to make fire break and capacitating us how to prevent and stop fires in the forest. The training was conducted for 3 days. I have benefitted from the training by knowing now what to do and where to go for complaints of violations Participant 8 - Yes. The training was informally conducted among individuals and not to the group of farmers, not even for KGVsThe informal trainings were more of a basic briefing on tree￾planting course for the settlers. I learned basic knowledge in making fire break/line to protect trees and plants. The KGV group was organized by PASU and through them we get access to trainings initiated by agencies from DENR and NOMIARC on NRM seminars and the like. We were trained how to make fire break and capacitating us how to prevent and stop fires in the forest. The training was conducted for 3 days. I have benefitted from the training especially on the use of the new technology (tablet) for environment and forest management program. I was trained on the use of this technology initiated by B+WISER. I did not get anything from the training due to some language barrier. Had it been in the vernacular I would have understood it. Participant 1 - Nakaapil ko ug nakatambong me sa training sama sa: (1) BMS – Ang Biodiversity Monitoring System ang pagbantay ug pagdumala sa kalasangan. Ang pagprotektarsa mga kinabuhi nga anaa sulod sa kalasangan. Ang BMS Biodiversity Monitoring System quarterly ginapahigayon sa PASU office. (2) SMART LAWIN- unsaon pag gamit sa SMART LAWIN na Application sa tablet pinaagi sa B+WISER 171 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Project ang training gipahigayon atong October 21-23, 2015. Dinhi nahibaloan namo ang amo coverage area kug unsa ang kalapdon. Ma monitor jud nimo tanan kalihokan sa kalasangan. Maski ang wala nag roving mamonitor pud ug apil. (3) Paralegal – ang mga balaod para sa kinaiyahan gipasabot kanamo. Unsa ang ginadili ug unsa ang pwede ipahamtang na silot sa mga malapason. Ang B+WISER ang naghatag sa mao nga trining. Ang mga nakuha namo pinagi aning mga pagbansay mao ang lawom na pagsabot sa unsa ang kinaiyahan. Dili lang kalasangan apani naa pa diay mga daghan kinabuhi sa sulod sa kalasangan na angay nato protektahan ug atimanun na dili na kini abosaran pa. ng mga benipisyo nga akong nakutlu mao ang dako na tabang na naluwas namo ang mga katawhan sa Dahilayan. Napaambit namo ang nahibaloan namo sa uban sa kamahinungdanon sa kalasangan. Napahibalo namo sila kung unsa ang mahiaguman nato kung dili me magpakabana sa kinaiyahan sa lasang na mao ang merkado ug botika sa mga lumad ug isip lumulupyo ani nga lugar. Participant 2 - Nakatambong ko sa training unsaon pag gamit sa SMART LAWIN na Application sa tablet pinaagi sa B+WISER Project. Maayo ni nga pagbansay kay sayon gamiton basta master nami sa paggamit sa tablet. Gitudlo sa amo kung unsaon pag gamit sa tablet ug computer. Mas sayon pag monitor sa kalihokan sa bukid kaysa sa among pamaagi sa una ang pag suroy suroy sa bukid. Ika duha ang paralegal na pagbansay. Dinhi nako nahibaloan ang Chainsaw Act nga usa ka balaod nganagdili sa pagdala ug paggamit sa chainsaw labi na sa buffer zone. Ang molapas niini mahimo na dakpon namo ug mapahamtangan sa silot. Nawala najud ang illegal na kalihokan sa kalasangan ug mao na ang benipisyo nga amo naangkon tungod sa mga pagbansay. Participant 3 - Nakatambong ko sa training kun unsaon pag gamit sa SMART LAWIN na Application sa tablet pinaagi sa B+WISER Project. Patsada ang SMART LAWIN na training kay bisan ignorante pa kaayo me apan sa sige pagtuon mas maayo siya kay mas dali siya gamiton. Naay benipisyo nga among nakuha pinagi sa pagbansay kay kung wala me napahibalo sa kadaut sa kinaiyahan wala me mapasa o ika ibilin nga maayo na hangin, yuta ug lasang para sa sunod na mga henerasyon para sa among mga apo ug sa komunidad. Nahimo pud kami nga instrumento nga napaambit namo sa among silingan kun unsa ang among nahibaloan. Participant 4 - Nakatambong mi sa training kun unsaon pag gamit sa SMART LAWIN na Application sa tablet pinaagi sa B+WISER Project. Dako ug tabang sa amoa kay mas sayon ang pag monitor kumpara sa pagsulat-sulat ra sa unsay na obserbahan sa lasang. Karon diritso makuha ang kinahanglan ug gusto na makita nga kahimtang sa lasang. Sayon ra ug daghan ka mahuman na report. SaBMS pud na training gitudluan mi kun unsay pamaagi sa pag obserbar sa lasang ug kun unsaon pagsulat sa mga report nga amo nakuha gikan sa pag roving. Ang mga pagbansay dako ug natabang sa amoa. Napaayo namo ang pagdumala sa lasang ug mas na protektahan namo ug kini pud gipahibalo namo sa uban. Participant 5 - Nakatambong mi sa training unsaon pag gamit sa SMART LAWIN nga Application sa tablet pinaagi sa B+WISER Project. Maayo ug tsada ang SMART LAWIN kay makita nimo kun unsa ka 172 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) lapad ang imo na-roving. Ma-rekord diretso ang namonitor na mga wild life. Dili naka mabalaka kay makita nimo tanan ang sakop nimo na area. Mas maayo siya gamiton para sa BMS monitoring, mas sayon kaysa magsulat sulat pa. Kinahanglan lang praktesan ang paggamit sa tablet. Adunay benepisyo nga amo nakuha sap ag-apil sa training. Nadugangan among kahibalo kun unsa ang ensakto nga pag atiman sa atong kinaiyahan. Ug kini pud amo gipaambit sa among mga kasilinganan kay nakatabang napud ang uban sa pagpugong sa kadaot sa kinaiyahan. Participant 6 - Oo. Kini nga training gipatawag lang kada usa wala mi gitapok. Wala pud mi natagaan sa KGV group ug training. Natagaan mi ug basic training sa basic tree-planting para sa mga lumulupyo. Nakakaton ko unsaon pag himo ug fire break para dili masunog ang mga pananom. Ang KGV gi organisa sa PASO pina agi sa ila maka apil mi sa training gumikan sa DENR ug NOMIARC sa NRM. Na train mi unsaon paghimo ug fire break para pag pugong sa kalayo sa kalasangan. Ang KGV gi train pud sa B+WISER sa pagamit sa tablet pag identify ug mga hayop sa kalasangan. Naay kaayohan kay nakabalo ko sa pag gamit sa teknolohiya para sa pagdumala sa kiniyahan diin naay tulo ka adlaw gihatag sa B+WISER. Participant 7 - Oo. Kini nga training gipatawag lang kada usa wala mi gitapok. Wala pud mi natagaan sa KGV group ug training. Natagaan mi ug basic training sa basic tree-planting para sa mga lumulupyo. Nahibalo an nako ang ka importante sa pag protektar sa kinaiyahan ug unsa ka importante ang pamalaod sa kalasangan. Ang KGV gi organisa sa PASO pina agi sa ila maka apil mi sa training gumikan sa DENR ug NOMIARC sa NRM. Na train mi unsaon paghimo ug fire break para pag pugong sa kalayo sa kalasangan. Ang KGV gi train pud sa B+WISER sa pagamit sa tablet pag identify ug mga hayop sa kalasangan. Ang akong nahibaloan usa sa akong benepisyo. Kasayod na ko asa muadto sa pagpasaka sa kaso. Participant 8 - Oo. Kini nga training gipatawag lang kada usa wala mi gitapok. Wala pud mi natagaan sa KGV group ug training. Natagaan mi ug basic training sa basic tree-planting para sa mga lumulupyo. Nahibalo an nako ang ka importante sa pag protektar sa kinaiyahan ug unsa ka importante ang pamalaod sa kalasangan. Ang KGV gi organisa sa PASO pina agi sa ila maka apil mi sa training gumikan sa DENR ug NOMIARC sa NRM. Na train mi unsaon paghimo ug fire break para pag pugong sa kalayo sa kalasangan. Ang KGV gi train pud sa B+WISER sa pagamit sa tablet pag identify ug mga hayop sa kalasangan. Wala ko kasabot kay ininglis. Kay kung binisaya dali unta masabtan. 6. As Bantay Gubat organization do you have an enforcement plan? What does the plan contain (ie, list of possible violations, sanctions, process of resolving cases of violations, etc)? Do you follow the enforcement plan? Participant 1 - We don’t have an enforcement plan as a KGV. Participant 2 - We don’t have an enforcement plan. Participant 3 - I We don’t have an enforcement plan. Participant 4 - We don’t have an enforcement plan as a KGV. Participant 5 - We don’t have an enforcement plan. Participant 6 - Yes. We monitor, give warnings and submit complaints for violations against our forest 173 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) [Note: Probe if the plan is written; copy of document has to be collected by the secondary data collector] (Isip organisasyon sa Bantay Gubat aduna ba kamoy nahimo nga plano sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Nasunod ba ninyo ang inyong plano?) management program. Participant 7 - Yes. We monitor, give warnings and submit complaints for violations against our forest management program. Participant 8 - Yes. We monitor, give warnings and submit complaints for violations against our forest management program. Participant 1 - Wala kami enforcement plan isip KGV. Participant 2 - Wala kami enforcement plan. Participant 3 - Wala kami enforcement plan. Participant 4 - Wala kami enforcement plan isip KGV. Participant 5 - Wala kami enforcement plan. Participant 6 - Oo. Ga monitor, gahatag mi ug warning. Among pasakaan ang kaso sa magpabadlong nga dili mutuo sa kini nga programa. Participant 7 - Oo. Ga monitor, gahatag mi ug warning. Among pasakaan ang kaso sa magpabadlong nga dili mutuo sa kini nga programa. Participant 8 - Oo. Ga monitor, gahatag mi ug warning. Among pasakaan ang kaso sa magpabadlong nga dili mutuo sa kini nga programa. 6a. Who formulated the enforcement plan? (Kinsa ang nagmugna sa plano?) 6b. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the formulation of the enforcement plan? (Kinsa ang naghatag ug suporta (teknikal, financial, etc.) sa pagmugna sa maong plano?) 6c. What enforcement operations did you perform to implement the plan? (Unsa nga mga kalihokan ang inyong gipasiugda sa pagpatuman sa inyongnaplano alang sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan?) 6d. Were persons apprehended and subsequently penalized during your enforcement operations? What is the process undertaken when a violation is committed? [Note: ask them to cite specific cases] (Aduna bay nasikop ug napahamtangan ug silot sa Participant 1 - Our task is to do the reporting if there are incidents of violations in the forest area. The filing of the case is done by DENR. We just document everything by taking pictures, identifying what violations were committed and other details pertaining to the incident. We we will be the ones who will testify in court for cases filed by DENR. There were instances of apprehensions but they were amicably settled in the barangay. I even had a problem witha certain barangay captain in regards apprehending. Participant 2 - Our task is to report violations commited by narrating what happened in the forest. We report the violation to our chief (Datu Caare) who will be the one to report it to the province. We have already apprehended lots of violators. The others we apprehended were amicably settled at the barangay level. Participant 3 - What I know is that our task is to report immediately the violation to our chief for action. We record everything in our logbook. Participant 4 - I have not yet experienced any of these because I am new as a KGV member. Participant 5 - What I know is that our task is to report immediately the violation to our chief for action. We record everything in our logbook. The chief will be the one to forward it to the PASU. Participant 6 - Part of our enforcement process is to give warnings to any unlawful acts in the environment or in the forest. We give threeverbal warnings on the violation. Action for complaint will be imposed after the 3 warnings. The complaint will be submitted to PASU. Having attended the 3-day briefing from DENR on the complaint process hence, this has become one of our assigned tasks. Participant 7 - Part of our enforcement process is to give warnings to any unlawful acts in the 174 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) pagpatuman sa inyong kalihokan? Unsa ang proseso nga gihimo kun adunay kalapasan nga mahimo?) 6e. Do you keep a record/log book of violators and the penalty imposed on them? [Note: get copy or take a photograph of the entries in the logbook] (Aduna ba kamoy record/log book sa mga naghimo sa kalapasan ug unsa ang mga silot nga napahamtang kanila?) 6f. Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? (Aduna bay partisipasyon ang mga kababayen-an sa pagpatuman sa mga kalihokan sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan? Unsay matang sa ilang partisipasyon?) 6g. Aside from Bantay Gubat, who else does the enforcement operation in your community? (Gawas kaninyo nga Bantay Gubat, kinsa pa ang nihimo ug mga kalihukan diha sa inyong komunidad alang sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan?) 6h. What are their roles and functions and how do you work with them? (Unsa ang ilang papel ug buluhaton? Unsay inyong pamaagi sa paglihuk uban kanila?) environment or in the forest. We give threeverbal warnings on the violation. Action for complaint will be imposed after the 3 warnings. The complaint will be submitted to PASU. Having attended the 3-day briefing from DENR on the complaint process hence, this has become one of our assigned tasks. Participant 8 - Part of our enforcement process is to give warnings to any unlawful acts in the environment or in the forest. We give threeverbal warnings on the violation. Action for complaint will be imposed after the 3 warnings. The complaint will be submitted to PASU. Having attended the 3-day briefing from DENR on the complaint process hence, this has become one of our assigned tasks. Participant 1 - lang dayon mi sap ag- testigo. Ang uban nadakop namo pero taman ra sa amicable settlement sa barangay. Naa pa gani ko nakaaway na kapitan tungod sa pagpanakop namo sa mga illegal loggers. Dako ni nga hagit sa amo kay naay mga ma ma-impluwensya na mga tao na amo mabangga. Participant 2 - Ang among trabaho mao ang pagbuhat sa report sa nahitabo na paglapas. Participant 3 - Ang ako nahibaloan ang pag report ra sa chief sa nahitabo na kalapasan. Ug gina record sa log book. Participant 4 - Wala pa ko kaagi ani kay bao-o pa ko sa grupo. Participant 5 - Reporting sa KGV chief, magbuhat sa report sa log book ug ang chief na dayon ga report sa PASU. Participant 6 - Sa akong pagka KGV, ang pagpamadlong ug pag roving usa sa among pamaagi sa pagpatuman sa programa. Ka tulo mi mamadlong. Kung dili mutuo sa ikatulo nga pagpahiblo ipasaka namo nga kaso. Among ihatag namo sa PASO. Sa pag attend sa 3-day briefing sa DENR kung unsaon pagpasaka ug kaso kami na dayun na assign sa pagpamadlong. Participant 7 - Sa akong pagka KGV, ang pagpamadlong ug pag roving usa sa among pamaagi sa pagpatuman sa programa. Ka tulo mi mamadlong. Kung dili mutuo sa ikatulo nga pagpahiblo ipasaka namo nga kaso. Among ihatag namo sa PASO. Sa pag attend sa 3-day briefing sa DENR kung unsaon pagpasaka ug kaso kami na dayun na assign sa pagpamadlong. Participant 8 - Sa akong pagka KGV, ang pagpamadlong ug pag roving usa sa among pamaagi sa pagpatuman sa programa. Ka tulo mi mamadlong. Kung dili mutuo sa ikatulo nga pagpahiblo ipasaka namo nga kaso. Among ihatag namo sa PASO. Sa pag attend sa 3-day briefing sa DENR kung unsaon pagpasaka ug kaso kami na dayun na assign sa pagpamadlong. 175 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 7. Do you receive assistance (monetary or material) for performing your role as Bantay Gubat? What type of assistance do you receive? (Aduna ba kamoy nadawat nga suporta sa inyong trabaho isisp BantayGubat? Unsa kini nga klase nga suporta ang inyong nadawat?) 7a. Where does the support come from? (Asa o kang kinsa gikan ang suporta?) 7b. How do you assess the kind of support? Why? [Note: Probe whether the support is enough or not] (Unsay inyong tan-aw sa maong suporta nga inyong nadawatan? Ngano nga nakaingon ka niana?) Participant 1 - We receive budget from LGU. They have supported us through honorarium, logistic support and travel expenses. We also recived raincoats, flash lights and boots. The LGU also supports us/ backs us upwhen things are already very difficult to handle. Like there was a big fire in the forest and the LGU provided us with the fire trucks and fire personnel. They come for reinforcement when we need help. We also have accident insurance worth 100,000 Php through PAMB. The tablet was provided to us by the B+WISER Project. They have helped us in so many ways. We do not perform as guard volunteers for money rather, we are doing it for our children’s and the others’ future. Participant 2 - We receive a monthly honorarium through PAMB of about P3,000 divided among the six of us, so it is more or less P500 a month for each of us. The B+WISER provided tablets which were already turned-over to DENR but the equipment has not reached us yet. The support provided to us is already a big help. We are not after the money but we do our job as vokunteers. Participant 3 - We receive honorarium. The support is very okey for me. Participant 4 - We make do with the support provided to us.The support given is very ok for me. It doesn’t matter how little it is as long as it is heartily given to us then I am fine with it. Participant 5 - We receivehonorarium as a support to us. The support given is okey for me. We cannot demand because we are just volunteers. Participant 6 - We receive monthly monetary support of P5,000 from the government as a KGV group. This amount is divided among the members of the group, as agreed. This is an incentive given to us as a KGV member. We get to attend trainings extended to us as a group. We are also provided with necessary equipment in the operations, i.e. boots and raincoat. As the leader of the group, I am supplied with mobile phone and flashlight. Participant 7 - We receive monthly monetary support of P5,000 from the government as a KGV group. This amount is divided among the members of the group, as agreed. This is an incentive given to us as a KGV member. We get to attend trainings extended to us as a group. We are also provided with necessary equipment in the operations, i.e. boots and raincoat. Participant 8 - We receive monthly monetary support of P5,000 from the government as a KGV group. This amount is divided among the members of the group, as agreed. This is an incentive given to us as a KGV member. We get to attend trainings extended to us as a group. We are also provided with necessary equipment in the operations, i.e. boots and raincoat. Participant 1 - Naa mi budget gikan sa LGU. Naay suporta sama sa honorarium, logistic support ug travel expenses. Nakadawat usab kami ug mga raincoat, flash light, butas.. Ang LGU nagpaluyo kanamo sa mga panahon nga dili na namo makaya sama sa katong dako na sunog sa lasang.Magpadala ang LGU ug fire truck ug mga tawo kun gikinahanglahn namo. Sila ang reinforcement namo. Naa pud mi accident insurance nga 100,000 ang kantidad pinaagi sa 176 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) PAMB. Ang sa B+WISER mao ang tablet. Dako na nga tabang ilang gihatag kanamo. Wala man mi nagbantay para lang sa kwarta apan among gibuhat ang among trabaho isip KGV alang sa kaugmaon sa among mga anak ug sa uban. Participant 2 - Naay monthly honorarium nga suporta pinaagi sa PAMBI nga nagkantidad ug P3,000 nga gabahinun namong unom- naa sa mga P500 ang bulan matag usa kanamo. Naa pud tablet gikan sa B+WISER na turn- over na sa DENR pero wla pa niabot ang mga equipment. Ok ra ang suporta nga nahatag kung mao ra ang gihatag ok ra mi kay wala mi naghuna-huna ana sa kasing-kasing namo mga volunteers mi. Participant 3 - Naay among gakadawatan nga honorarium. Okay kayo sa amo ang maong suporta. Participant 4 - Gipaigoan namo ang suporta na ilang gihatag kanamo. Ok ra kay maski gamay basta kinakasing-kasing ok na kaayo mi ana. Participant 5 - Naay honorarium nga suporta. Ok ra ang mao nga suporta kay dili mi maka demand kay mga volunteer ra mi. Participant 6 - Makadawat mi ug 5,000 kada bulan sa pagka KGV. Kini nga kantidad bahinon sa grupo, para pahalipay sa amo. Maka apil mi ug trainings sa pagka myembro sa KGV. Gitagaan pud mi ug among gamit sa operation sama sa boot ug raincoat. Isip lider sa grupo nakadawat pud ko ug cell phone ug flashlight. Participant 7 - Makadawat mi ug 5,000 kada bulan sa pagka KGV. Kini nga kantidad bahinon sa grupo, para pahalipay sa amo. Maka apil mi ug trainings sa pagka myembro sa KGV. Gitagaan pud mi ug among gamit sa operation sama sa boot ug raincoat. Participant 8 - Makadawat mi ug 5,000 kada bulan sa pagka KGV. Kini nga kantidad bahinon sa grupo, para pahalipay sa amo. Maka apil mi ug trainings sa pagka myembro sa KGV. Gitagaan pud mi ug among gamit sa operation sama sa boot ug raincoat. 177 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 8. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as BantayGubat, especially in enforcement activities? How did you solve them? (Unsay mga poblema ang inyong naagian sa pagtuman sa inyong tahas isip BantayGubat, ilabi na sa pagpatuman sa mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Giunsa ninyo kini pagsulbad?) 8a. What challenges are faced in ELE/or being a Bantay Gubat? (Unsay mga hagit sa pagpatuman sa mga kalihukan sa pagpanalipud sa kinaiyahan o paglihuk isip Bantay Gubat?) Participant 1 - The big challenge I have experienced as a KGV was when I faced a law suit when it should be the other way around. It should have been us filing a case but what happened was I was the one facing a law suit. Good to say somebody at the PENRO office and my colleagues helped me. There is a big problem with our justice system. People who are influential and in power get away with the law. We don’t have the full authority to implement the law. Often, the violators are not imprisoned because the illegal loggers have money and are able to manipulate everything. What we can do is only to confiscate the logs that they cut. Participant 2 - I have a quarrel with our barangay captain even now because I have been doing my job. I apprehended a violator who was favored by our barangay captain and somebody who is very influential. We even receive death threats. Life as a KGV is very difficult. Participant 3 - We experience fear and danger as a KGV especially when we apprehend violators. There are violators who are very influential and rich; they are responsible for the threats we receive as a KGV. Participant 4 - I haven’t experienced what the others have experienced since I am new to being a KGV. But as a wife of Datu Caare, my family and I received death threats from the people who were apprehended by my husband due to cutting and selling of timber wood. There are cases that we are able to resolve through an open dialogue with them but some cases are just too difficult to handle so we just take the necessary precautionary measures. Participant 5 - As a KGV we have experienced being accused of something we did not do. The big challenge is fighting against influential people and enforcing the laws they have violated. Being a KGV is a dangerous job. We just have to overcome our fears as a protector of the environment. Participant 6 - We get minimal support, financially as volunteers. In line with our work we sometimes receive threats as KGV. Participant 7 - We lack necessary equipment (e.g. sprayer, machete, shovel) to stop fires especially at the peak of very hot season. Participant 8 - We get minimal fiunancial support, as volunteers. In line with our work we sometimes receive threats as KGV. Participant 1 - Ang dako na hagit kanako mao tong panahon na ako mismo gipasakaan ug kaso. Imbis na kami ang mag file ako na nuon ang gikasohan. Maayo nalang gitabangan ko sa taga PENRO ug akong mga kauban sa KGV. Naay problema sa pamalaod tungod sa mga impluwensya ug dagko ang katungdanan sa uban na illegal loggers na among madakpan. Taman ra mi sa pagkuha sa mga kahoy na ilang gipamutol dili jud sila gakapreso kay tungod kwartahan. Participant 2 - Maski amo kapitan karon kontra na nako tungod kay nasapon namo ang pagpamutol sa kahoy na iya gipaboran. Nasuko siya na ngano nanakop mi. Kay sa tan-aw nako dako ug katungdanan o naa sa posisyon ang among nasapon. Maka dawat gihapon ko ug hulga sa akng kinabuhi. Makuyaw ang trabaho sa KGV. 178 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 3 - Ang kakuyaw na among gibati kung kami naay madakop na mga malapason. Dili kalikayan na mga dagko amo makontra na naa mi mga hulga na madawatan isip KGV. Participant 4 - Wala pa koy nasagubang na kalisdanan kay bag-o pako isip KGV. Sa una isip asawa ni Datu Caare nakadawat me ug death threat sa mga tao na nasapon niya na namutol ug nagbaligya sa timber wood. Naay mga bahad na among gakadawatan. Ang uban masulbad pinagi sa pagsabot-sabot ug inig storyahay apan ang uban dili gyud madala magbinantayon nalang mi. Participant 5 - Isip KGV mabutang-butangan mi ug sala na dili namo binuhatan. Hagit na kung dagko na mga tao among masungag unsaon namo pag atubang ug pag implementar sa mga balaod. Makuyaw ang trabaho sa KGV. Dili lang me gapadaog sa among kahadlok. Participant 6 - Gamay among kadawat nga pinancial nga supporta. Sa among trabaho wala kaayo mi mga panghulga sa among pagpamadlong. Participant 7 - Kulang mi mga gamit (sprayer, sundang, pala) aron pagpalong sa kalayo kay lisod kung init kaayo sa pagpalong sa kalayo. Participant 8 - Gamay among kadawat nga pinancial nga supporta. Sa among trabaho wala kaayo mi mga panghulga sa among pagpamadlong. 9. What lessons/positive experiences can you share with us as Bantay Gubat? (Unsay mga maayong pagtulon-an o positibong kaagi ang imong mapaambit isip usa ka Bantay Gubat?) Participant 1 - I have experienced a lot of things being a KGV. I have visited lots of places. And we are doing this to protect our environment and the forest from destruction. We are united with one goal to protect the environment and the forest. Because of our advocacies that we uphold as KGV we became models to others. We are invited to serve as a resource person when there are trainings with regard to the protection of our environment. We inpart our own learnings and experiences. Our community here in Manolo Fortich, Bukidnon is being recognized because of our united efforts in protecting our environment. Participant 2 - If none of us continue to become a KGV then many will suffer from the destruction of our environment. Being a KGV is our way to help others. Participant 3 - I was able to share my knowledge and teach others not to abuse but instead protect our environment. Participant 4 - I was able to impart to others to stop cutting trees from the forest and doing other destructive activities. We are now able to restore the healthycondition of the forest and I am now at peace that I was able to help and impart to others my learnings. Participant 5 - We have to be firm and stand by what we believe in. We should not be affected by those people in power. We have to remain strong, not to give up, and face all the challenges that are yet to come. Participant 6 - Using the technology like cell phone and tablet is a good learning experience for me. Participant 7 - If I did not become a KGV I would not have known howto protect the forest because “it is part of our life.” Participant 8 - I experienced how to work with new technology. 179 B. Bantay Gubat QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 1 - Sulod sa akong pag serbisyo, daghan nako naagian. Daghan nako lugar na bisita. Kami nagatan-aw kay gusto namo madepensahan ang lasang u gang epekto sa kadautan. Nagkahiusa kami sa usa lang nga tumong na dapat nato protektahan ang kinaiyahan ug kalasangan. Tungod sa adbokasiya sa KGV ug kini amo gibarogan kami na karon ang model sa uban lugar. Nahimo na kami nga spoke person kung naay mga pagbansay na pagahimuon para sa kinaiyahan. Ug naila na kami sa uban lugar tungod sa among mga nagkinausa na pagpaningkamot para sa atong lugar ug nasod ilabi na sa atong mao-mao na kinaiyahan. Participant 2 - Kung wala kanamo ang nilahotay luoy ang kinabag-an. Ang pagka KGV namo ang tabang namo sa uban. Participant 3 - Nakapaambit ako sa uban ug natudluan sila na dila na magbuhat ug sala sa kinaiyahan. Depensahan nato atong kinaiyahan. Participant 4 - Ang pagpasabot na dapat likayan ang pagpamutol ug uban pa na kasaypanan sa kalasangan. Kay karon sa experencya nato sa atong kalasangan na nibalik na hapsay na akung huna-huna nga naa koy napaambit sa uban. Participant 5 - Dapat lig-on ta ug barogangan. Dili ta dapat magpa apekto sa mga tao nga anaa sa posisyon. Magpabilin ta na lig-on ug dili moatras sa bisan unsa na mga hagit na atong mahiaguman sa umaabot pa na panahon. Participant 6 - Kung dili ko KGV di ko kabalo sa pag gamit sa tablet ug cellphone. Maayo kini nga kahibalo sa ako. Participant 7 - Kung wala ko na KGV dili ko kabalo unsaon pag protekta sa atong kalasangan kay ang kalasangan parti sa atong kinabuhi. Participant 8 - Nakat-on ko pag experience sa pag gamit sa teknolohiya. C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 1. How long have you been farming? (Unsa naka kadugay nag-uma?) 1a. How big/how many hectares is your farm? (Unsa kadako o pila ka ektarya ang imong uma?) 1b. What crops do you primarily raise in your farm? (Unsa ang imong gitanum sa imong uma?) 1c. Where is the location of your farm? Is it far, near, or within the protected forest area? Participant 1 - I’ve been farming for about 12 years. I am cultivating 1 hectare with coffee, banana and corn. Situated in the buffer zone. Participant 2 - I’ve been farming for about 16 years. I own 2 hectares situated in the buffer zone and plant it with vegetables, abaca, and coffee. Participant 3 - I’ve been farming for about 43 years. The total area is about 8 hectares located at the buffer zone. Abaca, coffee and hard wood are planted in the area. Out of the 8 hectares I am only cultivating 3 hectares. Participant 4 - I’ve been farming for about 47 years. Located at the buffer zone. It’s about 3 hectares. Corn, broccoli and cauliflower are what I plant in the farm. Participant 5 - I’ve been farming for about 30 years. I cultivate 1 hectare and plant corn, coffee and vegetables. Situated in the buffer zone. 180 C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Asa dapit nahimutang ang imong una: layo, duol, sulod sa protected area?) [Note: Check if the farmer is aware of the boundary of the protected area] Participant 6 - I’ve been farming for about 44 years. Total land area of 2.5 hectares and plant abaca, banana, and hard wood. Located at the buffer zone. Participant 7 - I’ve been farming for about 45 years. The 2 hectares are planted with sayote, coffee, beans and banana. Along the buffer zone. Participant 8 - I’ve been farming for about 30 years. I only have 1 hectare within the buffer zone and I plant beans, vegetables, and corn. Participant 9 - I’ve been farming for about 30 years. I cultivate 3 hectares and plant coffee, banana and corn. Loacated at the bufferzone. Participant 1 - 12 years nako na mag uuma. Usa ka ektarya akung giugmad. Naa sa buffer zone. Kape, saging, ug mais ako tanom. Participant 2 - 16 years nako ga uma sa duha ka ektarya nako na yuta. Utanon, abaka ug kape ang tanom sa ako umahan. Naa sulod sa buffer zone ako uma. Participant 3 - 43 ka tuig na ko na mag- uuma. Ang kalapdon sa ako uma naa sa 8 hectares apan 3 lang ang ako gitikad. Naa sa sulod sa buffer zone. Abaka, kape, ug kahoy angamkong gitanum. Participant 4 - 47 years nako na farmer. Naa sulod sa buffer zone. 3 ka ektarya akong yuta na giuma. Mais, broccoli, cauliflower ang tanom. Participant 5 - 30 years nako na mag uuma. Usa ka ektarya ang akung umahan. Naa kini sulod sa buffer zone. Mais, kape, ug lagutmon ang tanom. Participant 6 - 44 years nako nag uma, sa duha ug tunga ka ektarya. Naa sulod sa buffer zone. Abaka, saging ug hard wood ang tanom. Participant 7 - 45 years nako na mag-uuma. Duha ka ektarya akung umahan. Mga sayote, kape, beans ug saging ang tanom. Naa kini sulod sa buffer zone. Participant 8 - 30 years nako na farmer. Pero usaka ektarya ra ako yuta. Naa sa buffer zone. Mga beans, lagotmon ug mais ako tanom. Participant 9 - 30 years nako na mag uuma. Tulo ka ektarya akong uma. Ang mga tanom mao ang mga kape, saging ug mais. Naa kini sulod sa buffer zone. 2. What is the present status of your forest area? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participant 1 - Before there were blank spaces in the forest but you don’t see them anymore because those areas have been planted already. Participant 2 - Many people plant trees already. When somebody decides to build a house of wood he plants more trees as replacement. Nobody cuts trees in the forest anymore. They only cut trees that they planted in their own backyard that is why the forest has regained its healthy condition. Participant 3 - Many have planted trees. The forest is now in good condition. Participant 4 - Because we are situated in the buffer zone we could really observethe situation of the forest. It is good now. Nobody cuts trees anymore. The forest is full oftrees now. Participant 5 – The forest has regained its health back because we are taking care of it and it’s also because of the help of the bantay lasang. The people now know what legal and illegal activities in the forest are. It’s back to its good condition. 181 C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 6 - The people are now informed about the effects of abusing the forest. We are now planting trees. People were controlled and “kaingin” is stopped. Participant 7 - Before we too cut trees in the forest. But because we are now informed what are legal and illegal activities in the forest we are now able to protect the envronmentand now the trees are growing. The forest is now in good condition. Participant 8 - There is no more incident of forest fire because we have protected it already considering that our farm is situated at the buffer zone. You will notice the good condition of the forest. There are no illegal loggers anymore and the forest is filled with trees. Participant 9 - Because we are situated in the buffer zone we could really observethe situation of the forest. It is good now. Nobody cuts trees anymore. The forest is full oftrees now. Participant 1 - Sa una naay mga hawan sa bukid apan wala na karon. Gipangtamnan na ug kahoy. Participant 2 - Karon naa nay mga tao na gapananom ug kahoy. Kung naay motukod ug balay gapulian na nila ang kahoy na maputol. Wala na jud gaputol kay kung mogamit ka sa kahoy ang kaugalingon na tanom ang putlon. Nibalik na ang maayo na kahimtang sa lasang namo run. Participant 3 - Nagtanom naman ug kahoy, maayo na ang lasang. Participant 4 - Kay naa man jud mi sa buffer zone nag- uma, makita jud namo ang kahimtang sa lasang. Okey na karon. Wala nay gapamutol sa kahoy. Nibaga na balik. Participant 5 - Maayo na among lasang kay giampingan na sa mga tao ug tungod pud sa mga bantay lasang. Nakasabot na ang mga tao sa unsay angay ug dili angay buhaton. Lahi na,ni gwapo na ang among lasang. Participant 6 - Ang mga tao kay nakahibalo na. Wala nay gasaka sa bukid ug nagtanum na pud mi arun mabalik ang mga kahoy. Na control na ang mga tao. Walay nay ga kaingin. Participant 7 - Sa una kami gapamutol usab sa kahoy sa lasang. Pero tungod kay nahibalo nami sa unsay dili angay buhaton sa lasang amo nani giampingan. Karon gipasagdan na ang lasang mao nang nibalik na ang maayo na kahimtang run. Participant 8 - Wala nay sunog na gakahitabo sa lasang kay gibantayan na namo kay naa man jud mi sa buffer zone nag uma. Matan-aw jud namo ang kahimtang sa lasang. Okey na karon. Wala nay gapamutol sa kahoy. Nibaga na balik. Participant 9 - Tungod kay naa man jud mi sa buffer zone nag uma makita jud namo ang kahimtang sa lasang. Okey na karon. Wala nay gapamutol sa kahoy. Nibaga na balik. 182 C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 3. Does your organization have an environmental and forest management program in your community? (Aduna bay programa ang inyong organisasyon sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan sa inyong komunidad?) 3a. What is the present status of your organization’s environmental and forest management program in your community? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa programa sa inyong orgnisasyon sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan?) 3b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna bay mga kausaban sa inyong programa sa pagdumala sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini ug unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) Participant 1 - There was a program under the BUFAI. I participated in the planting of abaca and wood as their project. But with the change from BUFAI to BISODA, we continue with the planting of abaca and woodand added coffee andfruit trees. Participant 2 - I was not a member of BUFAIbut I am aware of its programs like the planting of coffee and abaca. When it became BISODA, what BUFAI started was continued. Participant 3 - There was a program of planting coffee and through DENR, planting of trees and protection of watershed. Under BUFAI it was just planting of trees and abaca. With BISODAthere is an additional planting of coffee and fruit trees. Participant 4 - There was a program of planting coffee and through DENR, planting of trees and protection of watershed. Under BUFAI it was just planting of trees and abaca. With BISODAthere is an additional planting of coffee and fruit trees. Participant 5 - There was a program of planting coffee and through DENR, planting of trees and protection of watershed. Under BUFAI it was just planting of trees and abaca. With BISODAthere is an additional planting of coffee and fruit trees. Participant 6 - There was a program under the BUFAI. I participated in the planting of abaca and wood as their project. Participant 7 - I am aware of the plan for environmental and forest management program. This is the planting of different kinds of trees. Participant 8 - We were given seedlings to be planted in the forest. Under BUFAI it was just planting of trees and abaca. With BISODA there is an additional planting of coffee and fruit trees. Participant 9 - I am aware of the plan for environmental and forest management program. But I was not able to participate. Participant 1 - Naay programa sa BUFAI sama sa pagpananom sa abaca ug kahoy ug nakaapil ko. Sa dihang ang BUFAI gihimo na nga BISODA, gipadayon gihapon ang pagpananum sa abaka ug kahoy nga programa pa sa BUFAI ug gidungagan na sa kape ug prutas nga programa na sa BIFAI. Participant 2 - Wala pako nasakup sa panahon nga BUFAI pa pero nahibalo ko sa maong programasa pagpananom sa kape ug abaka. Kung unsa ang programa sa BUFAI gipadayon lang sa BISODA. Participant 3 - Naa ang pagtanom namo sa kape. Ug pinaagi pud sa DENR ang pag tanom ug kahoy ugang pag protektar sa watershed. Sa BUFAI ang pag tanom sa abaka ug kahoy lang ang programa nila. Sa BISODA nanadugangan na sa kape ug prutas. Participant 4 - Naa ang pagtanom namo sa kape. Ug pinaagi pud sa DENR ang pag tanom ug kahoy ugang pag protektar sa watershed. Sa BUFAI ang pag tanom sa abaka ug kahoy lang ang programa nila. Sa BISODA nanadugangan na sa kape ug prutas. Participant 5 - Naa ang pagtanom namo sa kape. Ug pinaagi pud sa DENR ang pag tanom ug kahoy ugang pag protektar sa watershed. Sa BUFAI ang pag tanom sa abaka ug kahoy lang ang programa nila. Sa BISODA na nadugangan na sa kape ug prutas. Participant 6 - Naay programa sa BUFAI sama sa pagpananom sa abaca ug kahoy ug nakaapil ko. Participant 7 - Nahibalo ko na naay plano para sa pagdumala sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan sama sa 183 C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) pagtanom sa klase-klase na mga kahoy. Participant 8 - Naa, gitagaan dayon mi ug seedling para magtanom sa kahoy sa lasang. Sa panahon sa BUFAI ang pag tanom sa abaka ug kahoy lang ang programa. Sa BISODA na nadugangan na sa kape ug prutas. Participant 9 - Nahibalo mi na naay plano para sa pagdumala sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan pero wala mi kaapil. 4. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna ba kamoy nakitang kausaban sa inyong kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini? Unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management] Participant 1 - Source of livelihood is lacking before but now with the program of providing seedlings, it gives us new opportunity for additional income. Participant 2 - There are additional seedlings like coffee and fruit trees. The condition of the forest is improving because new trees have already grown which we could pass on to the next generation. Participant 3 - The forest is now in place. There are plenty of trees now. By providing us with new seedlings, we are able to plant along the boundaries which is helpful in identifying the line between the buffer zone and the proteted area. Participant 4 - Under BUFAI there were 3 kinds of plants given to us to be planted in the forest. But with BISODA, additional plants were distributed to help protect the forest. Participant 5 - Source of livelihood was lacking before but now with the program of providing seedlings, it gives us new opportunity for additional income. Participant 6 - There are now more trees in the forest. Participant 7 - The changes caused by frequent monitoring of the forest give a clear picture of the current situation of the forest. The project helps in protecting the forest to sustain it. Participant 8 - Source of livelihood was lacking before but now with the program of providing seedlings, it gives us new opportunity for additional income. Participant 9 - Even though I haven’t participatedin the program I was still able to observe the changes. The giving of coffee and fruit trees gives additional source of livelihood at the same time helps protect the forest. Participant 1 - Sa una kulang jud ang panginabuhian sa mga mag- uuma dinhi. Karon tungod sa programa sa paghatag sa mga similya nadugangan na among kita sa pagharvest sa mga unod sa tanom kay pwede man namo na karon mabaligya. Participant 2 - Ang naka dugang ang prutas ug kape. Nabag-o ang lasang kay daghan na nanubo na mga kahoy na mao na among maipasa sa mga kabataan. Participant 3 - Na plastar na balik ang kalsangan kay daghan na mga tanom. Ang mga gipanghatag na similya nakatabang pud na ma plastar ang utlanan kung asa ang dapit ang protected area gikan sa buffer zone. Participant 4 - Sa panahon sa BUFAI, 3 ra ka klase ang gihatag na matanom sa lasang. Karon sa BISODA daghan na ug nakatabang kini sa kahimtang sa lasang. Participant 5 - Sa una kulang jud ang panginabuhian sa mga mag- uuma dinhi. Karon tungod sa programa ang paghatag sa mga similya nadugangan na among kita sa pagharvest sa mga unod sa tanom 184 C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) aky pwede man namo na karon mabaligya. Participant 6 - Mas daghan na ang mga tanom karon. Participant 7 - Ang kausaban, tungod sa sige ug survey, maklaro na ang tanan. Ang proyekto nakatabang na mahibaloan kung unsa ang kahimtang sa lasang ug unsaon kini pag protektar arun molungtad. Participant 8 - Sa una kulang jud ang panginabuhian sa mga mag- uuma dinhi. Karon tungod sa programa ang paghatag sa mga similya nadugangan na among kita sa pagharvest sa mga unod sa tanom aky pwede man namo na karon mabaligya. Participant 9 - Maski wala ko nakaapil sa maong programa ako gihapon nga nakita na naay kausaban, tungod sa pagdugang sa prutas ug kape nadugangan pud ang among panginabuhian ug nakatabang pud sa pagpanalipod sa lasang. 5. When was your group organized? Is your group organized through the B+WISER Project? (Kanus-a natukod ang inyong grupo? Aduna bay kalambigitan ang B+WISER project sa pag-organisa kaninyo?) 5a. Does your organization receive assistance (monetary or material) from B+WISER? What type of assistance do you receive? (Aduna bay nadawat nga suporta ang inyong organisasyon GIKA SA B+WISER? Unsa kini nga klase nga suporta ang inyong nadawat?) 5b. What other assistance does your organization receive relative to environmental and forest management? From what sources? (Aduna pa bay lain nga suporta nga nadawat ang inyong orgnisasyon gikan sa uban alang sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kjalasangan? Asa gikan ang suporta ug unsa nga klasa nga suporta ang inyong nnadawat?) Participant 1 - BUFAI was organized in 1998. On August 10, 2015 BUFAI was changed to BISODA. It was the president of BUFAI together with B+WISER who initiated the change of the organization’s name to avail of more assistance. Participant 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - Agreed to the response of participant 1 Participant 1 - Ang BUFAI na organisa adtong 1998 pa. Niadtong August 10, 2015 giusob angBUFAI ngadto sa BISODA. Ang president namo sa BUFAI ug ang taga B+WISER ang naghimo sa maong kabag-ohan sa ngalan sa kahugpungan aron makaangkon ug dugang suporta. Participant 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - Agreed to the response of participant 1 Participant 1 - I have received assistance from the B+WISER, such as: 250 coffee and 100 fruit tree seedlings per hectare. I only received assistance from the B+WISER. Participant 2 - Only the first batch received the assistance. I haven’t received coffee and fruit seedlings fom B+WISER yet. Participant 3 - From B+WISER BISODA, I haven’t received any assistance as of present. I haven’t also received any support from other groups. Participant 4 - I haven’t received any support. Participant 5 - From B+WISER BISODA, I haven’t received any. Participant 6 - Only the first batch received the assistance. I haven’t received coffee and fruit seedlings fom B+WISER yet. Participant 7 - Only the first batch received the assistance. I haven’t received coffee and fruit seedlings fom B+WISER yet. Participant 8 - I have received assistance from the B+WISER, such as: 250 coffee and 100 fruit tree seedlings per hectare. Participant 9 - I haven’t received any support. 185 C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 1 - Naa koy nadawat sa B+WISER mao tong 250 ka similya sa kape ug 100 na similya sa prutas per hectare. B+WISER pa lang ko nakadawat. Wala ko kadawat sa lain. Participant 2 - Ang first batch pa ang una nakadawat ug assistance. Pero ako wala pa naka dawat atong kape ug prutas na similya na itanom. Participant 3 - Sa B+WISER BISODA wala pako nakadawat. Wala pud ko nakadawat sa lain na mga grupo. Participant 4 - Wala ko ka dawat. Participant 5 - Sa B+WISER BISODA wala pako nakadawat. Participant 6 - Ang first batch pa ang una nakadawat ug assistance. Pero ako wala pa naka dawat atong kape ug prutas na similya na itanom. Participant 7 - Ang first batch pa ang una nakadawat ug assistance. Pero ako wala pa naka dawat atong kape ug prutas na similya na itanom. Participant 8 - Naa koy nadawat sa B+WISER mao tong 250 ka similya sa kape ug 100 na similya sa prutas per hectare. Sa B+WISER pa lang ko nakadawat. Wala ko kadawat sa lain. Participant 9 - Wala ko ka dawat. 6. Was your organization asked to attend or participate in any capacity building training pertaining to NRM (natural resource management) (Napaapil ba ang inyong orgnisasyon sa mga pagbansay kalabot sa pagdumala sa mga kahinguhaan sa kinaiyahan?) [Note: ask them to name all NRM-related trainings attended] 6a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? (Kinsa ang naghatag sa pagbansay ug unsa kadugay kini gipahigayon?) 6b. What did the organization, through its representatives, learn from this or these training/s? (Unsay nakat-unan sa orgnisasyon pinaagi sa iyang representatente n nga nakaapil sa pagbansay?) 6c. What benefits did your organization or your community gets from these trainings? (Unsay mga kaayuhan ang nakuha sa inyong organisasyon sa mga pagbansay? Unsaykaayuhan sa maong pagbansayalang sa inyong komunidad?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - I have not participated in any. I don’t know also of any trainings conducted Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - Wala koy training nahiapilan. Wala pud ko nahibaloan na gipahigayon na mga training. 186 C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 7. Has your organization participated in any enforcement activities relative to your environmental management program of your forest resources? (Nakaapil ba ang inyong grupo sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagdumala kalabot sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan? ) 7a. What is your organization’s role in these enforcement activities? (Unsa ang papel sa imong grupo sa mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) 7b. What benefits did you or your organization get from these enforcement activities? (Unsay kaayohan nga imong nakuha sa pagpatuman sa mga pamalaod sa pagppanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan? Unsay kaayohan alang sa imong grupo?) 7c. What problem has your organization experienced with regard to enforcement of environmental activities? Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - None, so far. 187 C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Unsay mga problema nga naagian sa imong grupo kalabot sa pagpatuman sa mga pamaagi sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) 8. Is your organization a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Lakip ba ang inyong kahugpungan sa programa diin ang B+WISER nakiglambigit programa nga CCT o 4Ps sa DSWD nga naghatag kahigayonan sa malahutayong suporta sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected area?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - I am not aware and I don’t know any. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - Wala ko kabantay, wala pud mi kabalo. 9. Has your organization put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. (Nakamugna ba ang inyong kahugpungan ug mga proyekto o kalihukan alang sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar? Ipasabot kini.) Participants 1, 2 & 3 - It all started with BISODA. We protect the forest by our individual efforts and not as a group. Participant 4 - By planting trees aside from implement-ing DENR programs. We only do monitoring of activities in the forest. Participant 5 - By planting trees aside from DENR programs. We only do monitoring of activities in the forest. Participant 6 - The DENR is mandated to protect the forest. That’s what we are also doing today to protect the forest. Participant 7 - What we are doing is to support the project as suggested by DENR. Participant 8 - By planting trees aside from the DENR programs. We only do monitoring of activities in the forest. Participant 9 - It all started with BISODA. We protect the forest by our individual efforts and not as a group. Participants 1, 2 & 3 - Dinha nagsugod sa BISODA. Kinaugalingon na dayon ang among pagpaningkamot sa pag atiman sa kalasangan. Participant 4 - Ang pagtanom sa kahoy gawas sapag-implementar sa programa sa DENR. Naghimo usab kami ug monitoring sa mga kalihukan sa kalasangan. Participant 5 Ang pagtanom sa kahoy gawas sapag-implementar sa programa sa DENR. Naghimo usab kami ug monitoring sa mga kalihukan sa kalasangan. Participant 6 - Ang DENR ang gimanduan sa pagbantay sa lasang ug mao na ang among gibuhat karon ang pagbantay sa kalasangan. Participant 7 - Ang among gibuhat mao ang pagsuporta sa proyekto sumala sa gisugyot sa DENR. Participant 8 - Ang pagtanom sa kahoy gawas sa programa sa DENR. Naghimo usab kami ug monitoring sa mga kalihukan sa kalasangan. Participant 9 - Dinha nagsugod sa BISODA. Kinaugalingon na dayon ang among pagpaningkamot sa pag 188 C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) atiman sa kalasangan. 10. What are the livelihood projects introduced by your organization in your community in support to forest restoration activities? (Unsa nga mga proyekto sa kapanginabuhian ang nasugdan sa inyong grupo alang sa kumunidad isip suporta sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - As of now there is none. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - Sa pagkakaron wala pa. 11. Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? Did you solve them? (Unsay mga poblema ang inyong naagian sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan? Giunsa ninyo kini Participant 1 - The presence of illegal loggers since there are still those who cut trees and how to effectively implement the policies and laws for the protection of the environment Participant 2 - Most of us cannot afford to build houses made of concrete. Eventually we get oursource of construction materials from the forest. The cutting of trees for house construction is still present though much lesser than before. Participant 3 - The presence of illegal loggers since there are still those who cut trees and how to effectively implement the policies and laws for the protection of the environment Participant 4 - The presence of illegal loggers and how to effectively implement the policies and laws for the protection of the environment. Participant 5 - Most of us cannot afford to build houses made of concrete. Eventually we get oursource of construction materials from the forest. The cutting of trees for house construction is still present though much lesser than before. Participant 6 - The problem is others understand while others do not. Others want to plant trees while others do not. The different attitude of people is the problem and how to totally eliminate illegal loggers. Participant 7 - The presence of illegal loggers since there are still those who cut trees and how to effectively implement the policies and laws for the protection of the environment. Participant 8 - The presence of illegal loggers since there are still those who cut trees and how to effectively implement the policies and laws for the protection of the environment. Participant 9 - Most of us cannot afford to build houses made of concrete. Eventually we get oursource of construction materials from the forest. The cutting of trees for house construction is still present though much lesser than before. Participant 1 - Ang mga illegal loggers tungod kay naa pa gihapon manggabas ug kahoy ug unsa ang epiktibo nga pagpatuman sa mga palisiya ug balaod alang sa pagprotektar sa kalasangan. 189 C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) pagsulbad?) Participant 2 - Ang lisod ang pareha namo na dili makakaya na magpaconcrete sa balay. Ang kahoy mao amo magamit sa pagtukod sa balay. Naa pa gihapon makagamit sa kahoy pero gamay nalang. Participant 3 - Ang mga illegal loggers tungod kay naa pa gihapon manggabas ug kahoy ug unsa ang epiktibo nga pagpatuman sa mga palisiya ug balaod alang sa pagprotektar sa kalasangan. Participant 4 - Ang mga illegal loggers tungod kay naa pa gihapon manggabas ug kahoy ug unsa ang epiktibo nga pagpatuman sa mga palisiya ug balaod alang sa pagprotektar sa kalasangan. Participant 5 - Ang lisod ang pareha namo na dili makakaya na magpaconcrete sa balay. Ang kahoy mao amo magamit sa pagtukod sa balay. Naa pa gihapon makagamit sa kahoy pero gamay nalang. Participant 6 - Naay mosabot naay dili. Naay motanom naa pud dili gusto motanom ug kahoy. Ang nagkalain￾lain na batasan sa tao ang problema ug unsaon nga mawala ang pagpamutol sa kahoy. Participant 7 - Ang mga illegal loggers tungod kay naa pa gihapon manggabas ug kahoy ug unsa ang epiktibo nga pagpatuman sa mga palisiya ug balaod alang sa pagprotektar sa kalasangan. Participant 8 - Ang mga illegal loggers tungod kay naa pa gihapon manggabas ug kahoy ug unsa ang epiktibo nga pagpatuman sa mga palisiya ug balaod alang sa pagprotektar sa kalasangan. Participant 9 - Ang lisod ang pareha namo na dili makakaya na magpaconcrete sa balay. Ang kahoy mao amo magamit sa pagtukod sa balay. Naa pa gihapon makagamit sa kahoy pero gamay nalang. 12. What are the challenges that your organization face in your forest restoration activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga giatubang sa inyong organisasyon kabahin sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participant 1 - Lack of livelihood projects. Participant 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 & 8 - Our daily needs and source of livelihood is the problem. Because our income is not sufficient we tend to our needs from the forest. Participant 6 - Drought andclimate change. Also the lack of livelihood project because if it is not available we could not perform our forest restoration activities. Participant 9 - When extreme heat (drought) occurs, how could we protect the forest? Participant 1 - Kulang ang livelihood projects. Participant 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 & 8 - Ang adlaw-adlaw namo na panginabuhian ang problema. Kay wala manmi mga kwarta didto gyud sa lasang namo kuhaon ang among pangihanglanon. Participant 6 - Ang hulaw ug ang pagbag-o sa klima. Ang kakulangon usab sa livelihood project kay kun wala ni dili mi makabuhat sa mga kalihukan alang sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan. Participant 9 - Kung moagi ang hulaw, unsaon pagpanalipod sa kalasangan? 13. What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by your organization in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsa ang mga kalihukan nga gihimo sa inyong organisasyon nga adunay dakung kalambigitan sa pagpanalipod ug pagdumala sa kalasangan/watershed/protected areas?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - None yet. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - Wala pa. wala pa nahitabo. 14. Are these activities effective? Please explain. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - N/A 190 C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Epektibo ba ng mga maong kalihukan? Palihug pagpasabot ngano nga nakaingon ka niini 15. In what activities related to forest/ watershed/PA protection and management is your organization tapped? (Sa unsa pa nga mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected area nga gilambigit o giapil ang inyong organisasyon) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - Only in the planting of coffee and fruit trees to restore the lush greenery of the forest but only very few were able to receive the distributed seedlings (project). Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - Mao rato sa pagtanom sa kape ug prutas arun mobaga balik ang lasang pero dili tanan nakadawa,t gamay pa jud. 16. Any problems encountered by your group relative to your inclusion or exclusion (participation and non￾participation) in activities related to forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsa ang mga problema nga naagian sa inyong organisasyon kalabot sa pagpa-apil o wala pagpa-apil kaninyo sa kalihukan kalabot sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/ watershed/ protected area?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - None 17. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. (Aduna ba kamoy nahibaloan nga mga materyales o pamaagi nga gigamit sa B+WISER Project sa pagpahibalo, pag-edukar ug pagsibya ngadto sa katawhan? ) Participants 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - I don’t know any. Participant 3 - There was information dissemina-tion during meetings and assembies but there were no IEC materials from the B+WISER project. Participants 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - Wala koy nahibaloan. Participant 3 - Naay pagpahibalo sa meeting/assembly pero walay IEC materials gikan sa B+WISER project. 18. Are they effective? In what way? (Epektibo ba ang maong mga pamaagi ug materyales? Sa unsang pamaagi nga nahimo silang epektibo?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - N/A 19. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems? (Unsay mga problema ang inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo? Giunsa ninyo pagsulbad ang maong mga problema?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - N/A 20. What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 - N/A 191 C. PO (Basak, Lantapan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 21. What lessons/positive experiences can your organization share with us relative to its participation in the environmental and forest management? (Unsay mga maayong pagtulon-an o positibong kaagi ang mapaambit sa inyong organisasyon kalabot sa iyang kalambigitan sa pagdumala sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan?) Participant 1 - Just like me who already benefited from harvesting coffee, others will see the bebefits of planting. Participant 2 - The continuous harvest of abaca. Others can now see the benefits I have gained because the harvest has helped me a lot. If the planting of abaca and coffee is successful, it becomes a basis for others to follow. Participant 3 - The way we protect the forest ,the planting of trees which is a positive experience that we can share to others. Participant 4 - With the planting of trees otherscan see what good it can give. Participant 5 - The result of planting and how well we are taking care of the forest. Participant 6 - With the planting of trees others can see what good it can give. Participant 7 - How we take care of the plants that we have planted. We are already harvesting abaca. Others can easily replicate. Participant 8 - We can be a model for others on how we take care of the environment by planting more trees. Participant 9 - Encourage others to plant tress as well as what we did to our forest. Participant 1 - Pareha nako na naka harvest na sa kape, makita nila na maayo jud magtanom. Participant 2 - Ang sige pag harvest sa abaka. Makita sa uban ang kaayuhanna ako naagian kay ang abot nako sa abaka dako ug natabang sa akoa. Ang pagtanom pud sa kape ug prutas kung kini ma successful mahimo pud ni na sumbanan sa uban. Participant 3 - Ang maayo namo nga pag- atiman sa kalasangan, ang pagtanom namo sa kahoy na maayo ngakasinatian ngamapa ambit sa uban. Participant 4 - Tungod sa pagpananom sa kahoy, mabatian nila ang kaayo na mahatag sa pagtanom. Participant 5 - Ang resulta sa among pagpananom ug ang maayo namo na pag atiman sa kalasangan. Mao amo mapa ambit sa uban. Participant 6 - Tungod sa pagpananom sa kahoy, mabatian nila ang kaayo na mahatag sa pagtanom. Participant 7 - Ang pag atiman namo sa mga natanom na namo na karon naka harvest nako sa abaka. Makita sa uban na pwede pud nila awaton. Participant 8 - Kami karon mao ang sumbana sa uban. Ang pagtanom namo ug daghan kahoy mao amo mapa ambit sa uban. Participant 9 - Ang pagdasig sa uban na magtanom pud ug kahoy na mao among gibuhat karon sa among kalasangan. 192 D. Kaatuan, Basak, Lantapan QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 1. What is the present status of your forest area? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participant 1 - The coolness of air remains in our surround-ings because the forest now has plenty of trees. Participant 2 - The forest is now in good condition. You will not see any blank spaces anymore. Trees are growing adundant-ly in that area. Participant 3 - There are no incidents of illegal logging in our area that is why the forest is in good condition now. Participant 4 - The forest is in good condition because illegal loggers are now controlled. Participant 5 - Last 2012 the forest had been exploited by illegal loggers. But because of KGV there are 300+ cases/ of apprehensions filed during our monitoring. Incidents are lesser than before and now there are no more illegal activities happening in the forest. These were due to the efforts of the regular monitoring of the KGV in the forest that it is now in its good condition. The KGV also protect the watershed. Participant 6 - The forest is in good condition because of the presence of the Philippine eagle in the area. The Phil eagle is an indicator that the forest is in a better state. Participant 7 - The forest is in a good condition because there is no one cutting trees in the forest anymore. Participant 8 - As a KGV we’re here to help protect the forest. There is an improve-ment in the forest area because it was planted with more trees. The forest is in good condition. Participant 9 - The forest is in a better shape because people don’t cut trees anymore especially inside the buffer zone. There are no disasters that happened because these were prevented by the planting of more trees in the forest. Participant 10 - Our forest is well managed here. It looks much better and it is able to protect us from flooding. Participant 1 - Nagpabilin na ang kabugnaw sa among lugar tungod kay baga na ang kakahoyan. Participant 2 - Hapsay na ang lasang kay ang mga parti na walay mga kahoy gitamnam na namo puno na kaayo balik ang kalasangan karon. Participant 3 - Wala na nahitabo sa amoa na naay ga illegal logging mao nang maayo na ang kahimtang sa lasang namo karon. Participant 4 - Maayo na ang kahimtang kay ang mga illegal loggers napunggan na. Participant 5 - Sa 2012 alanganin pa ang lasang kay naa pay illegal pa na kalihokan gakahitabo. Tungod sa KGV daghan na mga kaso na file mga 300 plus cases sa panahon sa pagmonitor nigamay na ug karon wala najud. Dako na ug kausaban karon wala nay nahitabo kay tungod sa permi na magsurvey sa KGV didto sa lasang. Mas okay na karon kay naprotektahan naman. Wala nay gapanghilabot sa kakahoyan. Labi napud ang tubig na protektahan gihapon sa KGV. Participant 6 - Ang akung tan-aw lasang pa jud kay naa paman koy agila na makita sa lasang. Timailhan ang agila na maayo ang kahimtan sa lasang kay naa pay nangitlog na mga agila. Participant 7 - Maayo na ang kahimtang kay wala nay namutol sa lasang. Participant 8 - Kami isip mga KGV naa me nagatabang na ma protektahan ang kalasangan. Duna nay 193 D. Kaatuan, Basak, Lantapan QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) paglambo sa lasang ka natamnan na ang mga upaw na bahin sa una. Karon balik na ug labong ang mga kahoy. Participant 9 - Maayo na ang kalasangan karon dili na namo gakuhaan sa kahoy apil na sa buffer zone. Wala nay trahedya nahitabo kay nibalik na ang kahimtang sa kalasangan. Nagbalik nami ug pananom sa kahoy. Participant 10 - Sa amo dinhi maayo na pagka manage. Maayo na tan-awon kay naka depensa na ang kalasangan sa mga pagbaha. 2. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? (Aduna ba kamoy programa sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan sa inyong komunidad?) 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa programa sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan?) 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna bay mga kausaban sa inyong programa sa pagdumala sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini ug unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - We have environ-mental and forest management program through the IEC activities of DENR. But it is not us who formu-lated the enforce-ment plan but it is from PASU. Our task as KGV is to pursue the plan and implement it. Since 2002 there were no changes in the said enforcement plan. We just have to inplement it as mandated by DENR. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - Naa me environemtal and forest management program. Pinaagi sa DENR kanang IEC na tagabulan na pagabuhaton. Pero dili jud na kami nagmugna ana. Kanang enforcement plan gikan na sa PASU ug kami lang dayon isip KGV igo rami magpatuman sa mao na mga programa. Gikan sa 2002 wala may kabag-ohan ang mao na mga plano ginapadayon lang namo ang mga plano sigon sa mando sa DENR. 194 D. Kaatuan, Basak, Lantapan QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna ba kamoy nakitang kausaban sa inyong kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini? Unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management program] Participant 1 - The forest is now improved because the people surrounding it are now following the laws of DENR for environmental protection. The forest is now much improved because of our efforts as KGVs and also those of the community. Participant 2 - The forest is much better today unlike it’s situation before. It has more trees and illegal loggers are already being appre-hended. Participant 3 - The forest is in good condition because there are now laws implemented to help protect the forest. People are being controlled to protect the forest from destruction. Participant 4 - The changes that occur include our forest getting more popular. It is because of our efforts to maintain its good condition that others now visit our forests like the bird watchers who travel from afar to see the birds and animals now present in the forest. Participant 5 - It’s because of the efforts of the KGVs to protect the forest. Eagles are being spotted propagating in the forest, an indicator that the forest is in good condition. Participant 6 - There are big changes especially among the KGVs who help protect the environ-ment. The forest is in much better state today. Participant 7 - We have planted tress that make the forest attractive. There are no incidents of kaingin in the forest because of the KGVs monitor-ing efforts in any weather condition. Participant 8 - The forest is better now because of the presence of animals living in the forest. Participant 9 - Illegal logging was rampant before that’s why this place is called Cinchona-- a kind of tree--because that is abundant here. But now people do not cut trees anymore that’s why the forest has recovered. Participant 10 - Before the presence of the KGVs the forest was destroyed by the violators. With the KGVs getting organized we are ready to render our services in protecting the forest. Although we are happy with what we receive we will be happier if there are additional supports provided to us. Participant 1 - Nilambo na ang lasang kay ang mga tao na naa dinhi palibot sa among lugar kay mahadlokon na tungod pud kay nisunod na sila sa mga balaod na gikan sa DENR para sa pagprotktar sa lasang. Nilambo kay naay KGV na andam mo tabang sa kalasangan ug ang komunidad pud andam na nga motabangsa pag protektar. Participant 2 - Gwapo na talan-awon karon kaysa una. Karon daghan na kahoy. Naa nay mamadlong sa gapamutol sa kahoy. Participant 3 - Maayo na ang kalasangan kay naa nay sakto na balaod gina paimposar na ginadili ang pagkuha sa mga tanom sa bukid kay bawal na. dili pareha sa una a basta nalang mag anhi ang mga tao para magkuha sa lasang. Karon na kontrolar na ang mga tao sa komunidad. Participant 4 - Ang kalamboan kay ang among lasang nailhan na sa tanan. Tungod kay maayo na amo kalasangan daghan na mananap na makita dnhi gadayohon na sa mga taga gaas among lasang. Naa nay mga bird watchers manganhi dnhi. Participant 5 - Tungod sa KGV naa najud kusaban kay naa naman molihok sa pagprotektar sa kalasangan. 195 D. Kaatuan, Basak, Lantapan QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Makita pud ang kausaban kay maayo na ang kalasangan daghan na mga agila na nangitlog, nagsalag sa sulod sa lasang timailhan na maayo najud ang kahimtang. Participant 6 - Dako na ang kausaban specially kay naa na ang mga KGV. Kay naa nay makapanalipod sa kinaiyaha. Mas ni gwapo na karon ang kalasangan. Participant 7 - Nakatanom nami ug kahoy gwapo na tan-awon. Wala nay ka gakaingngin ky naa me mga KGV na mobantay sa lasang ulan man o init. Ni gwapo najud samot amo kalasangan karon. Participant 8 - Mas milambo ang kalasangan karon kay naa may Makita na mga mananap sa lasang sama sa agila. Participant 9 - Sa una ang lasang naka agi ug illegal logging na medyo naupaw jud ang lasang. Kani man gud na lugar busa gitawag na Cinchona kay daghan kahoy dinhi sa Cinchona. Gipasagdan na dayon sa mga tao wala na hilabti mao na kadugayan naka recover ra ang jud. Naa pa gani mga lumad na gusto moangkon pero kay nisunod sa balaod na dapat protektahan kay gihimong protected area mao nang giatiman. Kay naatiman naman ang lasang ug napunggan ang illegal na kalihokan. Naka recover ra ang lasang dili lang tungod kay naay KGV pero tungod pud kay ang mga tao nitabang pud sa pag protektar ani. Participant 10 - Gawas sa una kay wala pa man ang KGV pero karon kay naa naman naa nami nga andam mohatag sa amo serbisyo isp KGV. Nalipay me na naa me nadawatan na pahalipay pero mas malipay pajud me kung dugangan nila ang supporta na ihatag sa amoa. 4. When was BantayGubat organized in your community? Was it organized through the B+WISER project? (Kanus-a natukod ang inyong BantayGubat sa inyong komunidad? Aduna bay kalambigitan ang B+WISER project sa pagkatukod niini?) 4a. How many members are there in your BantayGubat? How many men? How many women? [Note: If there are no women members, ask why] (Pila ka buok ang miyembro sa BantayGubat? Pila kanila ang lalaki, pila ang babaye?) 4b. How big (may be in hectares) is the coverage of your BantayGubat or foot patrol? (Unsa ka dako o pila ka ektaya ang gilangkuban ninyo sa BantayGubat (foot patrol)?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - Bantay Gubat started in 2000 but was later changed to KGV (Kitanglad Guard Volunteers). We are composed of 11 members, all men. No woman is involved because no woman offered to join our group. They opted to take care of the family. It was changed because Bantay Gubat members were only for all lumads. It ws changed to KGV with the entry of non-lumads and it was not organized by B+WISER project. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - Ang Bantay Gubat nagsugod atong tuig 2000. Nahimo na nga KGV karon Kitanglad Guard Volunteers. 11 me ka miembro sa KGV puro lalaki. Walay mga babae kay wala may man pud babae na nag apil sa amoa. Tungod pud kay naa me mga bata mas gipili ang pag atiman sa balay. Gihimo ang pag bag-o kay sa una man gud ang bantay gubat puro na mga lumad. Ang pagbalhin na nahimong KGV wala pa ang B+WISER niini. 1,996 ha. Ang kinatibuak na area. Mao ni sakop apil ang Cinchona ug Alanib. Kibali duha ni ka barangay ang sakop na amo gina patrolya apil na ang protected area. 5. Did you attend or participate in any ELE (Environment Law Enforcement) training organized by B+WISER project (e.g. LAWIN or (Landscape and Participant 1 - I attended the SMART LAWIN Training organized by B+WISER. This training is good because reporting is accurate based on the actual result of the monitoring and it (the tablet) can photog-raph incidents in right there and there and so data manipulation is not 196 D. Kaatuan, Basak, Lantapan QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Wild Life Indicators)? (Nakatambong ba kamo ug mga pagbansay kalabot sa pagpatuman sa mga balaod alang sa kinaiyahan (sama sa ELE) nga gipasiugda sa B+WISER (eg, LAWIN)? ) [Note: ask them to name all other NRM-related trainings attended] 5a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? (Kinsa ang naghatag sa pagbansay ug unsa kadugay kini gipahigayon?) 5b. What did you learn from this or these training/s? (Unsay inyong nakat-unan niini nga pagbansay?) 5c. What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings? (Unsay mga kaayuhan ang imong nakuha sa pagbansay? Unsay kaayuhan sa maong pagbansay alang sa imong komunidad?) possible. Participant 2 - I attended the SMART LAWIN Training organized by B+WISER. This training is good because you could get the actual situation even in the deepest part of the forest. I also attended another trainingconduceted by DENR, a seven-day training on Biodiversity of endangered species of wood. I gained more knowledge about the different kinds of trees. Participants 3 & 6 - I have not participated in any training. Participant 4 - I attended the SMART LAWIN Training organized by B+WISER. This training is good because it makes it easier to monitor animals in the forest and especially the illegal activities in the forest. Participant 5 - I attended the SMART LAWIN Training organized by B+WISER. The training is good because it was a big help. But using the tablet is an additional work for KGV. It really requires us to monitor even if we’re not feeling well. If we could not survey we could not give the output from using the tablet. It’s an dditional work for us so we hope they could also increase our honorarium as well. I also attented a 3-day para-legal training organized by B+WISER. I have learned the laws protecting the forest and the environment. Participant 7 - I attended the SMART LAWIN Training organized by B+WISER. Participant 8 - I attended the SMART LAWIN Training organizedby B+WISER. It’s a good training because you could see the actual situation in the forest. The violator can easily be reported. Participant 9 - I attended the SMART LAWIN Training organized by B+WISER. The training is good because you can also record the animals beneath the forest. You could report the actual incident at present time and you can take pictures immediately. I also attended training by DENR, 7 day training on Biodiversity of endageres species of wood. This helps me to gain more knowledge about different kinds of trees. Participant 10 - I attended the SMART LAWIN Training organized by B+WISER. It’s a good training because it enables us to record immediately all illegal incidents happen-ing in the forest. You can monitor it directly using this high techno-logy. I learned how to use the tablet. I also attended another training organizedby KIN on how to take care of the trees. The difference in the training between the B+WISER and KIN is that it (KIN) was not properly monit-ored. Participant 1 - Nakaapil me sa SMART LAWIN na training na ang B+WISER ang nag pasiugda. Maayo kini kay ang report dili mahimo na tomo-tomo ky actual ang pagbuhat sa report diritso ma picturan. Participant 2 - Nakaapil me sa SMART LAWIN na training na ang B+WISER ang nag pasiugda. Maayo kay makuha na ang actual na nahitabo. Maski ang naa sa ilalom sa lasang Makita tanan. Naa ko napilan na training gikan sa DENR Region, 7 days na training mahitungod sa biodiversity sa mga endangered na mga kahoy. Maayo to kay nakadugang sa kahibalo bahin sa mga lain lain na mga kahoy. Participants 3 & 6 - Wala ko kaapil sa binsan unsa na mga training. 197 D. Kaatuan, Basak, Lantapan QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 4 - This training is good because it makes it easier to monitor animals in the forest and especially the illegal activities in the forest. (Nakaapil me sa SMART LAWIN na training na ang B+WISER ang nag pasiugda. Maayo siya gamiton kay maapil ug monitor ang mga mananap na anaa sa lasang dili lang ang mga illegal na aktibidadis ang ma monitor apil napud ang mga mananap na angay pud na protektahan gihapon. Participant 5 - Nakaapil me sa SMART LAWIN na training na ang B+WISER ang nag pasiugda. Maayo man ang mao na training nakatabang man. Pero ang kanang tablet nakadugang sa trabaho sa KGV, kay kinahanglan naman jud ka na mo patrol maski lain ang lawas maka patrolya jud ka kay unsa man na report imo mahatag. Kay dugang man siya na trabaho dugangan pud unta amo honorarium. Naa pajud ko training na naapilan ang paralegal sa B+WISER gihapon. 3 ka adlaw na training mahitungod sa mga balaod sa kalasangan ug sa kinaiyahan. Participant 7 - Nakaapil me sa SMART LAWIN na training na ang B+WISER ang nag pasiugda. Participant 8 - Nakaapil me sa SMART LAWIN na training na ang B+WISER ang nag pasiugda. Maayo kay makuha na ang actual na nahitabo. Maski ang naa sa ilalom sa lasang Makita tanan. Ang mga illegal diritso na dayon ma report. Participant 9 - Nakaapil me sa SMART LAWIN na training na ang B+WISER ang nag pasiugda. Okay siya kay ma record apil ang mga mananap. Mareport dayon ang actual na oras sa kahimtang sa lasang. Tapos ma picturan diritso. Naa ko napilan na training gikan sa DENR Region 7 days na training mahitungod sa biodiversity sa mga endangered na mga kahoy. Maayo to kay nakadugang sa kahibalo bahin sa mga lain lain na mga kahoy. Participant 10 - Nakaapil me sa SMART LAWIN na training na ang B+WISER ang nag pasiugda. Maayo ang mao na training kay marecord na siya diritso ang tanan na mga illegal na mga ginabuhat didto sa lasang. Ma monitor na dayon siya high tech diritso na ang resulta gikan sa pag patrolya. Ug dako akng nakuha na kahibalo ang pag gamit sa tablet. Naay lain training nako napilan kanang sa KIN bahin pud to kung unsaon pag atiman sa kahoy. Ang kalainan lang ato kulang ang monitoring mas maayo ang sa B+WISR na mga trainings. 6. As BantayGubat organization do you have an enforcement plan? What does the plan contain (ie, list of possible violations, sanctions, process of resolving cases of violations, etc)? do you follow the enforcement plan? (Isip organisasyon sa BantayGubat aduna ba kamoy nahimo nga plano sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Nasunod ba ninyo ang inyong plano?) [Note: Probe if the plan is written; copy of document has to be collected by the secondary data collector] Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, & 10 - None Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - Wala me enforcement plan 6a. Who formulated the enforcement plan? Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - It was PAMB that formulated the plan. The role of the KGV is 198 D. Kaatuan, Basak, Lantapan QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Kinsa ang nagmugna sa plano?) 6b. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the formulation of the enforcement plan? (Kinsa ang naghatag ug suporta (teknikal, financial, etc.) sa pagmugna sa maong plano?) 6c. What enforcement operations did you perform to implement the plan? (Unsa nga mga kalihokan ang inyong gipasiugda sa pagpatuman sa inyong naplano alang sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan?) 6d. Were persons apprehended and subsequently penalized during your enforcement operations? What is the process undertaken when a violation is committed? (Aduna bay nasikop ug napahamtangan ug silot sa pagpatuman sa inyong kalihokan? Unsa ang proseso nga gihimo kun adunay kalapasan nga mahimo?) [Note: ask them to cite specific cases] 6e. Do you keep a record/log book of violators and the penalty imposed on them? (Aduna ba kamoy record/log book sa mga naghimo sa kalapasan ug unsa ang mga silot nga napahamtang kanila?) [Note: get copy or take a photograph of the entries in the logbook] 6f. Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? (Aduna bay partisipasyon ang mga kababayen-an sa pagpatuman sa mga kalihokan sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan? Unsay matang sa ilang partisipasyon?) 6g. Aside from BantayGubat, who else does the enforcement operation in your community? to report to the office any violations committed by violators. Then its DENR’s role to apprehend and impose penalties. The report is done with confidentiality through texting or calling Mr. Digbas as president of KGV. When the violations are not heavy the process is that a KVG reports to President Digbas then he reports to the barangay. But when the violation commited is serious Mr. Digbas will immediate-ly report it to DENR which in turn will imposw the penalties to the violators. We don’t keep record of violation incidents to maintain confiden-tiality of the informant – security reasons. There are no women participa-ting in enforce-ment activities. Aside from the KGVs, the Tribal Guards, purok president, and the people in the community help each other in protecting the environ-ment. We join forces with the Tribal Guards in patrolling the forest. We coordinate with the Tribal Guards everytime we conduct monitoring in the forest. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - Ang PAMB ang gamugna sa mao na plano. Ang sa KGV mao ang pag report sa office sa mga nakalapas. Ang DENR mao ang mo dakop sa mga nakalapas. Ang KGV ra mao ang pag guide kung asa dapit nahitabo ang gihimo na kalapasan. Ang reporting ginahimo sa sikreto na pamaagi pinagi sa cellphone. Mo text me or tawag kay Mr. Digbas i￾pasa sa barangay kung ginagmay lang na mga sala pero kung dinagko report kay Mr. Digbas diritso na dayon DENR sila na dayon ang magpatuman sa silot. Walay logbook. Kay dili namo ga nganlan an gang nagbuhat sa report arun maprotektahan pud ang siguridad namo. Walay mga babae na nagparticipar sa maong enforcement activities. Gawas sa bantay gubat or KGV ang Tribal guards, purok president, ug ang mga katawhan gabuhat gihapon sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan. Ga join forces me ang KGV g ang Tribal Gurads sa pag patrol sa kalasangan. Ga coordinate me sa mga Tribal Guards kung maghimo mi sa among pag patrol. 199 D. Kaatuan, Basak, Lantapan QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Gawas kaninyo nga BantayGubat, kinsa pa ang nihimo ug mga kalihukan diha sa inyong komunidad alang sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan?) 6h. What are their roles and functions and how do you work with them? (Unsa ang ilang papel ug buluhaton? Unsay inyong pamaagi sa paglihuk uban kanila?) 7. Do you receive assistance (monetary or material) for performing your role as BantayGubat? What type of assistance do you receive? (Aduna ba kamoy nadawat nga suporta sa inyong trabaho isisp Bantay Gubat? Unsa kini nga klase nga suporta ang inyong nadawat?) 7a. Where does the support come from? (Asa o kang kinsa gikan ang suporta?) 7b. How do you assess the kind of support? Why? [Note: Probe whether the support is enough or not] (Unsay inyong tan-aw sa maong suporta nga inyong nadawatan? Ngano nga nakaingon ka niana?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - Each of us receives P500 as a monthly honora-rium less expenses so roughly around P425. It comes from the province’s budget. We also receive a one-time amount of P5000 from KIN last 2006, and P20,000 from DENR as a payment for the services rendered in maintaining the forest park (cash for work) prioritizing the 11 KGV members to do the work. We also received boots, raincoats and sweat shirts from LGU Lantapan and MCABE which also provides an extra P750 monthly for each KGV member. From B+WISER we also received a water bottle. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - Naa me gakadawatan na honorarium na P500 taga us aka namo. Pero makuhaan pajud na sa mga expenses. Ang limpyo na amo madawat mga P425 nalang matag usa kanamo matag bulan na gikan sa province na budget. Naa pud sa KIN kadawat me P5000 last 2006 pro kausa rato cya wala na dayon. Kato pud gikan sa DENR na P20,000 pero pakyaw to siya sa paglampas didto sa lasang ang KGV ang gi priority na mao mo trabaho kami 11 na KGV. Naa pud boots, raincoats, sweat shirt na gikan sa LGU Lantapa nug MCABE Naa pasad P750 matag usa matag bulan na gikan gihapon sa MCABE. Naa pud sudlanan sa tubig gikan sa B+WISER lahi pud na sa honorarium. 8. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as BantayGubat, especially in enforcement activities? How did you solve them? (Unsay mga poblema ang inyong naagian sa pagtuman sa inyong tahas isip BantayGubat, ilabi na sa pagpatuman sa mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Giunsa ninyo kini pagsulbad?) 8a. What challenges are faced in ELE/or being a Bantay-gubat? (Unsay mga hagit sa pagpatuman sa mga kalihukan sa pagpanalipud sa kinaiyahan o paglihuk isip Bantay Gubat?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - We have encountered problems like forest fire before but it was resolved. The little honorarium is our problem that is why we ask if they could give more. But the bigger problem we have encountered was when a cable wire, about 180 meters, was stolen from our office. The KGVs had to each contribute to pay for the amount of the lost wire. We haven’t received our honorarium for months until we could not take it anymore. We sought the help from LGU Lantapan and fortunately, the problem was solved. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - Naa problema sa sunog sunog sa lasang pero napalgan naman to. Ang honorarium unta namo na maduganagan unta kay gamayraud siya. Pero me nagian na para sa amoa dako na nga problema mao ang pag kawat sa cable wire na medyo taas-taas jud mga 180 meters. Na kami ang gipabago sa pagbayad sa nawala. Pila me kabulan na walay honoraruim ato. Kay dili naman namo makaya nagpatabang me sa LGU Lantapan mao na nasulbad na to. 9. What lessons/positive experiences can you share with us as Bantay Gubat? Participant 1 - Because of the efforts we gave in protecting the forest, others can observe what we have accomplished. We are doing this for the future of our children and our children’s 200 D. Kaatuan, Basak, Lantapan QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Unsay mga maayong pagtulon-an o positibong kaagi ang imong mapaambit isip usa ka Bantay Gubat?) children. And that we could serve as an example to others. Participant 2 - The unity and understanding of each member of the KGV and our good relationship is our positive experience that we can share to ohers. Participant 3 - For me the positive experien-ces I have encountered are our efforts in protecting the forest which are beneficial not just to us but for the community below. Because we have planted more trees they have not experinced flooding anymore. Participant 4 - As a KGV I have learned how to protect the forest. In that way we became tourist guides to those who want to visit our place like the bird watchers. Protecting the forest is not just beneficial for the community but it also helps me personally by earning additional income as a tourist guide. With this experience others can imitate what we have accomp-plished as a KGV. You benefit a lot by protecting the forest. Participant 5 - Because we have protected the forest we have benefitted from it. When I see an eagle’s bird nest it shows that the forest is in good state. We have beneiffted in a way that they make us guides to bird watchers. More tourists can now see and experience what we have done, our efforts in forest protection. We became known by many and hoping that others will replicate also. We are happy with the results. Participant 6 - The united goal of our group is what we can share to others. It’s because the forest is important to us. We even prioritze our jobs over our family. Participants 7 & 8 - The unity and understanding of each member of the KGV and our good relationship is our positive experience that we can share to others. We are united with one goal and that is the protection and preserva-tion of the forest. Participant 9 - Our task as a KGV is not easy. We have faced lots of challenges and that also made us strong. All our accom-plishments and hard work is for the future generations. They will benefit all the efforts we have put as a KGV in protecting the forest. And hoping others will follow. Participant 10 - The laws formulated by PAMBI are what we want others to follow. We wanted that the laws must be firmly imposed to those violators. It’s because protecting the forest hinders calamity and tragedy to happen. 201 D. Kaatuan, Basak, Lantapan QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 1 - Tungod sa among pagpaningka-mot makita sa uban na gibuhat ni namo para sa mga anak ug kaapuhan namo. Na dapat e imposar jud ang balaod sa lasang arun naa pay mapuslan ang umaabot na henerasyon ug kini paga waton nila pud. Kami karon ang ehemplo nila. Participant 2 - Ang panagsinabtanay ug pakahiusa sa tanan miembro sa KGV ug ang maayo na relasyon mao ang akong mapaambit sa uban. Participant 3 - Ang ako ang pag protektar sa lasang kini amo gihimo dili lang ka makabenipisyo me pero ang labaw na maka binipisyo ang mga katawhansa ubos na dapit. kay gikan baya jud sa bukid ang dagko na tubig tungod kay daghan na kahoy naa nay makapugong ug pwede ni awaton sa uban lugar. Participant 4 - Tungod sa pag ka KGV nako nahibalo nako sa pag atiman sa kalasangan. Kay nahimo me na guide sa mga torista na gusto motan-aw sa among kalasangan. Ang kanang ga bird watching kami na karon ang gakuhaon na ag guide sa ila. Nahimo pud na namo na dugang na kita na pwede awaton sa uban lugar. Na daghan binipisyo imo makuha sa pag atiman sa kalasangan. Participant 5 - Kay amo man giprotektahan ang kalasangan naka ani kami sa binipisyo na gihatag kanamo. Katong nakakita ko sa salag sa agila timailhan na nga nibalik na ang kaayo sa lasang naka benipisyo me kay nahimo kami na mga guide sa mga bird watchers na gikan pa sa lain luagr. Nakita nila unsa ang among mga nabuhat na ug kini ila nastorya sa uban. Ang experience nila dnhi na napaambit sa lain dako na dungog para kanamo. Nagpasalaton me ana. Participant 6 - Ang kahiusa namo na tumong ang pwede nako mapaambit. Tungod sa bilinhon sa ako ang kinaiyahan nahimo pa na una ang pagpanirbisyo kaysa pamilya. Participants 7 & 8 - Ang maayo namo na relasyon ang pewede nako mapaambit sa uban. Nakahiusa man gud me na KGV dinhi sa Kaatuan. Ang grupo namo nagkapayo sa usa ka tumong ang pag protektar sa lasang. Participant 9 - Lisod ang kinabuhi sa usa ka KGV daghan pagsulay among nagian ayha me kaingon na maayo ang among pagpanirbisyo. Kani tanan para ni sa umaabot damlag na mga bag-o na henerasyon sila ang mag ani sa mga pagpaningkamot namo na hinaot awaton kini sa uban. Participant 10 - Ang Kaning balaod na gihatag sa PAMBI na gusto namo na masunod jud sa uban. Gusto namo na ang nakalapas na masilotan jud. Kay Makita man sa mga katawhan na maayo ang epekto basta mosunod sa mga balaod na nakatabang sa atong kinaiyahan. Kay napugongan man jud ang mga trahidya na mahitabo tungod kay gi protektahana ang kalasangan. 202 E. Upland Farmers QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 3. How long have you been farming? (Unsa na ka kadugay nag-uma?) 1a. How big/how many hectares is your farm? (Unsa kadako o pila ka ektarya an imong uma?) 1b. What crops do you primarily raise in your farm? (Unsa ang imong gitanum sa umong uma) 1c. Where is the location of your farm? Is it far, near, or within the protected forest area? (Asa dapit nahimutang ang imong una: layo, duol, sulod sa protected area?) [Note: Check if the farmer is aware of the boundary of the protected area] Participant 1 - I own 4.5 hectares situated inside the buffer zone while the remaining half is located outside the buffer zone. The farm is planted to falcata and vegetables. I am a farmer for 45 years. Participant 2 - I’ve been farming for 15 years now. I only own ¼ hectare, far from the buffer zone, and plant it with vegetables and corn. Participant 3 - I am a farmer for 20 years. I plant my 2 hectares with corn and vegetables and my farm is located within the buffer zone. Participant 4 - I am a farmer for 10 years. I cultivate 50 sq.m and plant it with cabbage and beans. My farm is situated away from the buffer zone. Participant 5 - I am a farmer for 30 years. I own 1.5 hectares situated between the boundary of the buffer zone and the protected area. I plant corn, beans and root crops. Participant 6 - My 3- hectare farm is situated inside the buffer zone. I plant corn and vegetables. I’ve been farming for 35 years now. Participant 7 - I’ve been a farmer for 40 years. With my 2 hectares I plant corn, sugar cane, beans and carrots situated far from the protected area. Participant 8 - I am a farmer of 10 years. I plant corn and sweet peas. I only own ½ hectare which is situated far from the buffer zone. Participant 1 - Nanag-iya ko ug 4.5 ka ektarya na umahan. Ang 4 ka ektarya naa sulod sa buffer zone ug ang nahibilin nga tunga layo ra sa buffer zone. Ang akong tanom mao ang falcata ug utanon. 45 years na ko nga mag uuma. Participant 2 - 15 years nako na mag uuma. ¼ ra ka ektarya akong umahan nga layo sa buffer zone. Utanon ug mais akong tanom. Participant 3 - Mag uuma ko sulod na sa 20 ka tuig. Ang akong duha ka ektarya na luna akong gitamnan ug mais ug utanon. Naa sa sulod sa buffer zone akung luna. Participant 4 - 10 years nako na mag uuma. 50 sq. meters ra akong giugmad. Repolyo ug beans ako tanom. Layo ra sa buffer zone akung luna. Participant 5 - 30 years na ko na farmer. 1.5 hectares lang akung umahan nga naa sa boundary sa buffer zone ug sa protected area. Ang tanom nako mao ang mais, beans ug lutya. Participant 6 - Ang 3 nako ka ektarya anaa sa sulod sa buffer zone. Ang tanom nako mao ang mais, ug utanon. 35 ka tuig nako na mag uuma. Participant 7 - 40 years na ko na mag uuma. Sa 2 nako ka ektarya gitamnan nako ug tubo, beans ug carrots. Layo sa buffer zone ang akung uma. Participant 8 - 10 years na ko na mag uuma. Ang akong luna gitamnan nako sa mais ug sweet peas. Tunga ra sa ektarya akong luna ug layo kini sa buffer zone. 203 E. Upland Farmers QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 2. What is the present status of your forest area? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participant 1 - Our forest is in good condition. There are programs that help protect our forest. Participant 2 - There are still many things lacking in the forest area even if it looks okay. More trees need to be planted. Participant 3 - The forest is much improved than before. But there still a need for more trees. Participant 4 - The forest condition is much improved because more trees were planted. Participant 5 - The forest is now better. The condition is much improved. The trees have recovered already which brings changes in the forest. Participant 6 - Before the practice of ‘kaingin’ was very rampant in our area. But now it has been stopped and the forest is now restored. Participant 7 - The forest is now in good condition. We have planted native variety of trees. Much better today unlike before where there were brown patches caused by landslide. Participant 8 - The forest is improving because we already planted more trees and replaced those that were cut. Participant 1 - Maayo ang kahimtang sa lasang. Naay mga programa sa pagpabalik sa maayo nga kahimtang sa lasang. Participant 2 - Daghan pa ug kulang. Daghanon pa unta ug tanom sa kahoy. Kung tan-awon maayo naman pero naa pajud kulang pa. Participant 3 - Mas chada na tan-awon karon kompara sa una. Pero kulang pa jud kinaghanglan pa ug dugang kahoy. Participant 4 - Mas maayo na ang kahimtang, daghan na kahoy kay nadugangan na. Participant 5 - Nag arang-arang na ang kahimtang sa bukid. Nangaulian na ang mga kahoy ug dako na ang kausaban sa lasang. Participant 6 - Sa una daghan kaingngin, karon wala na. mao nibalik na ang kahimtang sa lasang. Participant 7 - Karon maayo na ang kahimtang sa lasang. Nagtanom na ug mga native na kahoy, mas chada karon kaysa una. Kay naupaw ang bukid sa una tungod sa landslide. Participant 8 - Maayo na ang lasang kay naa nay nagtanom ug gipulian na ug kahoy balik ang kalasangan. 3. Does your organization have an environmental and forest management program in your community? (Aduna bay programa ang inyong organisasyon sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan sa inyong komunidad?) 3a. What is the present status of your organization’s environmental and forest management program in your community? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa programa sa inyong orgnisasyon sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – Just tree planting activity Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – Ang pagtanom lang sa kahoy didto sa lasang. 204 E. Upland Farmers QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 3b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna bay mga kausaban sa inyong programa sa pagdumala sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini ug unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) 4. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna ba kamoy nakitang kausaban sa inyong kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini? Unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management] Participant 1 - The forest is now okay because more trees had been planted. Participant 2 - The forest is now slowly recovering. But still there is a need for more trees. Participant 3 - The forest looks much better compared before. Still there is a need for more trees. Participant 4 - Much better condition. More trees were added in the forest. Participant 5 - The forest is now slowly recovering. But still there is a need for more trees. Participant 6 - Kaingin was very rampant before in our area. But now it has been stopped and the forest is now restored. Participant 7 - The forest is now in good condition. We had planted native variety of trees. Much better today unlike before there are spaces cause by landslide. Participant 8 - Much better condition. More trees were added in the forest. Participant 1 - Okey na ang among lasang kay nidaghan na balik ang kahoy. Participant 2 - Nag anam-anam na ug kamaayo ang lasang run. Pero daghan pajud kulang na mas maayo na pulian pa ug daghan kahoy. Participant 3 - Mas chada na tan-awon karon kompara sa una. Pero kulang pa jud kinaghanglan pa ug dugang kahoy. Participant 4 - Mas maayo na ang kahimtang, daghan na kahoy kay nadugangan na. Participant 5 - Nag arang-arang na ang kahimtang sa bukid. Nangaulian na ang mga kahoy ug dako na ang kausaban sa lasang. Participant 6 - Sa una daghan kaingin, karon wala na. mao nibalik na ang kahimtang sa lasang. Participant 7 - Karon maayo na ang kahimtang sa lasang. Nagtanom na ug mga native na kahoy, mas chada karon kaysa una. Kay naupaw ang bukid sa una tungod sa landslide. Participant 8 - Maayo na ang lasang kay naa nay nagtanom ug gipulian na ug kahoy balik ang klasangan. 5. When was your group organized? Is your group organized through the B+WISER Project? (Kanus-a natukod ang inyong grupo? Aduna bay kalambigitan ang B+WISER project sa pag-organisa kaninyo?) 5a. Does your organization receive assistance Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – As of now we are not an organized group. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – Sa pagkakaron dili pa me organisado na grupo, wala pa. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – None 205 E. Upland Farmers QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (monetary or material) from B+WISER? What type of assistance do you receive? (Aduna bay nadawat nga suporta ang inyong organisasyon GIKA SA B+WISER? Unsa kini nga klase nga suporta ang inyong nadawat?) 5b. What other assistance does your organization receive relative to environmental and forest management? From what sources? (Aduna pa bay lain nga suporta nga nadawat ang inyong orgnisasyon gikan sa uban alang sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kjalasangan? Asa gikan ang suporta ug unsa nga klasa nga suporta ang inyong nnadawat?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – Wala pa. 6. Was your organization asked to attend or participate in any capacity building training pertaining to NRM (natural resource management) (Napaapil ba ang inyong orgnisasyon sa mga pagbansay kalabot sa pagdumala sa mga kahinguhaan sa kinaiyahan?) [Note: ask them to name all NRM-related trainings attended] 6a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? (Kinsa ang naghatag sa pagbansay ug unsa kadugay kini gipahigayon?) 6b. What did the organization, through its representatives, learn from this or these training/s? (Unsay nakat-unan sa orgnisasyon pinaagi sa iyang representatente n nga nakaapil sa pagbansay?) 6c. What benefits did your organization or your community gets from these trainings? (Unsay mga kaayuhan ang nakuha sa inyong organisasyon sa mga pagbansay? Unsay kaayuhan sa maong pagbansay alang sa inyong komunidad?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – No trainings attended. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – Wala pay training na naapilan namo. 206 E. Upland Farmers QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 7. Has your organization participated in any enforcement activities relative to your environmental management program of your forest resources? (Nakaapil ba ang inyong grupo sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagdumala kalabot sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) 7a. What is your organization’s role in these enforcement activities? (Unsa ang papel sa imong grupo sa mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) 7b. What benefits did you or your organization get from these enforcement activities? (Unsay kaayohan nga imong nakuha sa pagpatuman sa mga pamalaod sa pagppanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan? Unsay kaayohan alang sa imong grupo?) 7c. What problem has your organization experienced with regard to enforcement of environmental activities? (Unsay mga problema nga naagian sa imong grupo kalabot sa pagpatuman sa mga pamaagi sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – None Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – Wala pa. 8. Is your organization a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Lakip ba ang inyong kahugpungan sa programa diin ang B+WISER nakiglambigit programa nga CCT o 4Ps sa DSWD nga naghatag kahigayonan sa malahutayong suporta sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected area?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – None Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – Wala pa. 9. Has your organization put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. (Nakamugna ba ang inyong kahugpungan ug mga proyekto o kalihukan alang sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – Not yet 207 E. Upland Farmers QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) kalasangan sa inyong lugar? Ipasabot kini) 10. What are the livelihood projects introduced by your organization in your community in support to forest restoration activities? (Unsa nga mga proyekto sa kapanginabuhian ang nasugdan sa inyong grupo alang sa kumunidad isip suporta sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – None 11. Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? Did you solve them? (Unsay mga poblema ang inyong naagian sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan? Giunsa ninyo kini pagsulbad?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – None 12. What are the challenges that your organization face in your forest restoration activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga giatubang sa inyong organisasyon kabahin sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – N/A 13. What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by your organization in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsa ang mga kalihukan nga gihimo sa inyong organisasyon nga adunay dakung kalambigitan sa pagpanalipod ug pagdumala sa kalasangan/watershed/protected areas?) Participant 1 - We planted trees in the forest and also in our own property in our individual activity and not as a group. Participant 2 - There is an activity but not as a group but in our own efforts. We planted trees in the forest and also in our own property so we do not have to cut trees in the forest anymore. Participant 3 - There is an activity but not as a group but in our own efforts. We planted trees in the forest and also in our own property so we do not have to cut trees in the forest anymore. Participant 4 - There is an activity but not as a group but in our own efforts. We planted trees in the forest and also in our own property so we do not have to cut trees in the forest anymore. Participant 5 - There is an activity but not as a group but in our own efforts. We planted trees in the forest and also in our own property so we do not have to cut trees in the forest anymore. Participant 6 - I plant trees. I also made a fire line to prevent the spreading of fire if ever it will happen. But this is not a group activity. Participant 7 - None Participant 8 - None. I plant trees for personal purpose so I do not have to cut trees in the forest anymore. 208 E. Upland Farmers QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 1 - Nananum me ug kahoy sa lasang, nananum pud me sa among luna. Pero individual na kalihokan. Participant 2 - Naay kalihokan gihimo pero dili sa grupo sa tagsa-tagsa namo na pagpaningkamot. Nananum me ug kahoy ug nananum pud me sa kaugalingon namo na yuta arun dili nami kinahanglan moadto sa lasang para mokuha ug kahoy. Participant 3 - Naay kalihokan gihimo pero dili sa grupo sa tagsa-tagsa namo na pagpaningkamot. Nananum me ug kahoy ug nananum pud me sa kaugalingon namo na yuta arun dili nami kinahanglan moadto sa lasang para mokuha ug kahoy. Participant 4 - Naay kalihokan gihimo pero dili sa grupo sa tagsa-tagsa namo na pagpaningkamot. Nananum me ug kahoy ug nananum pud me sa kaugalingon namo na yuta arun dili nami kinahanglan moadto sa lasang para mokuha ug kahoy. Participant 5 - Naay kalihokan gihimo pero dili sa grupo sa tagsa-tagsa namo na pagpaningkamot. Nananum me ug kahoy ug nananum pud me sa kaugalingon namo na yuta arun dili nami kinahanglan moadto sa lasang para mokuha ug kahoy. Participant 6 - Gatanom ko ug kahoy. Nagbuhat ko ug “fire line” para kung naay magsunog dili na motabok, dili na mokalat pa. pero dili ni aktibidad sa grupo. Participant 7 - Wala Participant 8 - Wala. Nagtanom ko ug kahoy pero para balay lang. Para dili na sa lasang magkuha. 14. Are these activities effective? Please explain. (Epektibo ba ng mga maong kalihukan? Palihug pagpasabot ngano nga nakaingon ka niini) Participant 1 - Effective because we don’t cut trees from the forest anymore. We only cut those we have planted in our own land. Participant 2 - Effective because we don’t cut trees from the forest anymore. We only cut those we have planted in our own land. Participant 3 - Effective because we don’t cut trees from the forest anymore. We only cut those we have planted in our own land. Participant 4 - Effective because we don’t cut trees from the forest anymore. We only cut those we have planted in our own land. Participant 5 - Effective because we don’t cut trees from the forest anymore. We only cut those we have planted in our own land. Participant 6 - Effective because it prevents the spreading of fire and also helps protect the forest as well. Participant 7 – N/A Participant 8 - Effective because we don’t cut trees from the forest anymore. We only cut those we have planted in our own land. Participant 1 - Epiktibo kay dili naman me manguha pa sa lasang amo na kaugalingon na kahoy ang putlon para ihimo ug balay. Participant 2 - Epiktibo kay dili naman me manguha pa sa lasang amo na kaugalingon na kahoy ang putlon para ihimo ug balay. Participant 3 - Epiktibo kay dili naman me manguha pa sa lasang amo na kaugalingon na kahoy ang putlon para ihimo ug balay. 209 E. Upland Farmers QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 4 - Epiktibo kay dili naman me manguha pa sa lasang amo na kaugalingon na kahoy ang putlon para ihimo ug balay. Participant 5 - Epiktibo kay dili naman me manguha pa sa lasang amo na kaugalingon na kahoy ang putlon para ihimo ug balay. Participant 6 - Epiktibo kay magamit man jud cya para ilakay ang lasang sa dako na sunog. Nakatabang na ma protektahan ang kalasangan sa kaugalingon namo na pagpaningkamot. Participant 7 – N/A Participant 8 - Epiktibo kay dili naman me manguha pa sa lasang amo na kaugalingon na kahoy ang putlon para ihimo ug balay. 15. In what activities related to forest/ watershed/PA protection and management is your organization tapped? (Sa unsa pa nga mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected area nga gilambigit o giapil ang inyong organisasyon) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – N/A  Any problems encountered by your group relative to your inclusion or exclusion (participation and non-participation) in activities related to forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsa ang mga problema nga naagian sa inyong organisasyon kalabot sa pagpa-apil o wala pagpa-apil kaninyo sa kalihukan kalabot sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/ watershed/ protected area?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – N/A  Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. (Aduna ba kamoy nahibaloan nga mga materyales o pamaagi nga gigamit sa B+WISER Project sa pagpahibalo, pag-edukar ug pagsibya ngadto sa katawhan?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – None  Are they effective? In what way? (Epektibo ba ang maong mga pamaagi ug materyales? Sa unsang pamaagi nga nahimo silang epektibo?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – N/A  Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems? (Unsay mga problema ang inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo? Giunsa ninyo pagsulbad ang maong mga problema?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – N/A 210 E. Upland Farmers QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation)  What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 – N/A 21. What lessons/positive experiences can your organization share with us relative to its participation in the environmental and forest management? (Unsay mga maayong pagtulon-an o positibong kaagi ang mapaambit sa inyong organisasyon kalabot sa iyang kalambigitan sa pagdumala sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan?) Participant 1 - Planting trees in our own property is a good practice that prevents us from cutting trees in the forest. Participant 2 - Planting trees in our own property is a good practice that prevents us from cutting trees in the forest. Participant 3 - The trees help prevent flooding. That’s what we practice and that is why we haven’t experienced flooding. Also by planting vegetables and root crops, aside from giving additional income, it also helps protect the forest because we don’t get food anymore from the forest. Participant 4 - By contouring the sloping area to prevent landslide. Others can replicate this also. Participant 5 - Planting of trees in my own area is a big help for me. Not only did I earn income, I also help in preventing others to cut trees from the forest. Instead they could purchase from me. In this way I did not just earn but I also help protect the environment. Participant 6 - Planting trees in our own property is a good practice that prevents us from cutting trees in the forest. Participant 7 - By contouring the sloping area to prevent landslide. Others can replicate this also. Participant 8 - We have prevented soil erosion because of contour practice and by planting more trees which helps protect the forest. Participant 1 - Maayo pud ang pagtanum sa kaugalingon na yuta para dili na mamutol didto sa lasang. Participant 2 - Maayo pud ang pagtanum sa kaugalingon na yuta para dili na mamutol didto sa lasang. Participant 3 - Ang pagtanum sa kahoy nakapugong sa mga pagbaha. Mao na amo gibuhat ang pagtanom mao na among lugar dili najud kaayo ka experyencya sa pagbaha. Ang pagtanom pud sa mga lagotmon para naay kakuhaan sa pagkaon ug dili na sa lasang manguha. Participant 4 - Ang pag contour sa bakilid arun malikayan ang landslide. Mao ni amo gibuhat na pwede pud maawat sa uban. Participant 5 - Tungod sa akong pagtanom ug kahoy naka baligya ko naa koy kita. Nakatabang ko sa uban na dinhi na magkuha sa ako ug kahoy ug dili na didto mamutol sa lasang. Mas dako na kaayuhan na nakatabang pud ko na maprotektahan ang atong lasang. Participant 6 - Maayo pud ang pagtanum sa kaugalingon na yuta para dili na mamutol didto sa lasang. Participant 7 - Ang pag contour sa bakilid arun malikayan ang landslide. Mao ni amo gibuhat na pwede pud maaway sa uban. Participant 8 - Nalikayan na namo ang pagdahili sa yuta kay amo nang gi contour ang mga bakilid na parti sa yuta ug ang pagpananom namo sa kahoy sa lasang nakatabang pag protektar sa lasang 211 F. Women (Daraghuyan, Dalwangan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 1. What is the present status of your forest area? (Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participant 1 - Something still has to be done in the forest. Kaingin is still present and there is a need for improvement. Participant 2 - Typhoon Pablo caused landslide and some trees were down. This makes part of the forest bald. Participant 3 - There are parts of the forest that need to be replanted with trees. Typhoon Pablo caused landslide and some trees were down. This makes part of the forest bald. Participant 4 - There are parts of the forest that need to be replanted with trees. Typhoon Pablo caused landslide and some trees were down. This makes part of the forest bald. Participant 5 - The forest still lacks trees. And because of landslide most trees were uprooted. Participant 6 - We already took care of the forest before but because of calamities and foreigners who come to visit, some parts of the forest were damaged. But we are now more vigilant in protecting the forest. Eventually the forest will recover. You would now notice more flowers growing like orchids. Participant 7 - The forest has lots of trees before but because of the typhoon many were uprooted and parts of the foest were damaged. We have already replaced the trees that were uprooted. Participant 8 - We experience typhoon that’s why a lot of trees were damaged. Although we have replaced the damage trees and replanted, There is still a need for more trees. We perform a ritual called panungdan to cleanse the forest from sins so that no calamity will occur again. Participant 9 - At present the forest is slowly recovering because we have replaced the damaged/fallen trees. The trees are already growing. Participant 10 - There is still a deficiency in the forest. Kaingin is still practiced. The forest condition needs to be improved. Participant 1 - Dagahan pajud kakulangon karon. Daghan pa upaw sa bukid tungod sa kaingngin. Ang lasang kinahanglan pajud atimanun. Participant 2 - Tungod sa landslide natumba ang mga kahoy tungod atong Pablo naay parti sa lasang na nangatumba ang kahoy. Participant 3 - Naa pajud parti sa lasang na kulang pa ug kahoy. Tungod man gud to sa kalamidadtungod sa bagyong Pablo mao nang nangatumba ang mga kahoy, nagka landslide na maayo man unta amo lasang nadaot lang tungod sa kalamidad. Participant 4 - Naa pajud parti sa lasang na kulang pa ug kahoy. Tungod man gud to sa kalamidadtungod sa bagyong Pablo mao nang nangatumba ang mga kahoy, nagka landslide na maayo man unta amo lasang nadaot lang tungod sa kalamidad. Participant 5 - Medyo naa pajud kulang sa bukid tungod sa landslide na nahitabo nanangamatay ang mga kahoy. Participant 6 - Sa una pang panahon amo naman gi atiman ang kalasangan pero tungod sa kalamidad ug 212 F. Women (Daraghuyan, Dalwangan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) tungod pud sa mga langyaw na moadto sa bukid nadaot kini. Karon amo najud gabantayan tanan tao na gusto moadto sa bukid. Karon balik na sa hinay-hinay ang kahimtang sa lasang karon gani daghan kana Makita na mga orchids sa lasang. Participant 7 - Sa una daghan man jud kahoy sa lasang nangatumba tungod sa bagyo. Nadaut ang bukid kay tungod sa kalamidad. Karon amo na giilisdan ang nangamatay na kahoy. Participant 8 - Ang among kalasangan naagian ang bagyo busa daghan mga kahoy na nangatumba. Pero ang mga daot amo naman gipulihan nagtanom name ug kahoy. Amo lang jud gi alegrar karon arun motubo na ang gipangtanum namo. Sa pagkakarun naa pa jud gamay na deprensa kay tungod sa landslide nahitabo sa bukid. Busa gabuhat me sa among panundan, ang pang hugas sa mga sala. Amo gi ritwalan paa ang katalagman dili na moabot pa sa amoa. Participant 9 - Sa pagkakaron ga anam-anam na ug balik ang maayo na kahimtang sa lasang kay ang nangatumba na kahoy amo naman gipulian. Ga anan-anam na sa pagtubo ang mga kahoy na among gitanom. Participant 10 - Dagahan pajud kakulangon karon. Daghan pa upaw sa bukid tungod sa kaingngin. Ang lasang kinahanglan pajud atimanun. 2. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? (Aduna ba kamoy nakitang kausaban sa inyong kalasangan? Kung naa, unsa man kini? Unsay hinugdan sa mga kausaban?) [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management] Participant 1 - The forest remains the same. It was damaged because of typhoon Pablo that caused landslide and trees to be uprooted. Participant 2 - For me there are no changes. Participant 3 - No changes because we protected the forest from destruction although we could not control the destruction caused by calamities. The forest is very important to us because it is our source of food and livelihood. Participant 4 - The forest remains the same. It was damaged because of typhoon Pablo that caused landslide and trees to be uprooted. Participant 5 - The change and damage was caused by calamaities like typhoon Pablo and not caused by people. Participant 6 - For me there are no changes. Participant 7 - No change has happened because we have been protect-ing our forest from destruct￾ion although we could not avoid the destruct-ion caused by natural calamities. We give import-ance to our forest because it is our source of food and livelihood. Participant 8 - The change and damage was caused by calamaities like typhoon Pablo and not caused by people. Participant 9 - No changes because we protected the forest from destruction although we could not control the destruction caused by calamities. The forest is very important to us because it is our source of food and livelihood. Participant 10 - The change and damage was caused by calamaities like typhoon Pablo and not caused by people. Participant 1 - Mao ra man gihapon ang kahimtang sa lasang. Madaot lang siya tungod sa niaging bagyo Pablo mao daghan kahoy natumbatungod pud sa landslide. 213 F. Women (Daraghuyan, Dalwangan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) Participant 2 - Para sa ako wala. Participant 3 - Wala kay gi control man na dili madaot ang lasang. Dili lang nato matagnaan ang kinaiyahan kay nadaot man ang lasang tungod sa kalamidad. Dako kaayo ang among pag amping sa lasang kay dinha namo kuhaon tanan panginahanglanon namo. Kay mao pud baya ang tinubdan sa among panginabuhian. Participant 4 - Mao ra man gihapon ang kahimtang sa lasang. Madaot lang siya tungod sa niaging bagyo Pablo mao daghan kahoy natumbatungod pud sa landslide. Participant 5 - Naay kausaban tungod sa Pablo naay mga kahoy nangatumba. Tungod sa kalamidad dili tungod sa tao ang kadaotan. Participant 6 - Para sa ako wala Participant 7 - Wala kay gi control man na dili madaot ang lasang. Dili lang nato matagnaan ang kinaiyahan kay nadaot man ang lasang tungod sa kalamidad. Dako kaayo ang among pag amping sa lasang kay dinha namo kuhaon tanan panginahanglanon namo. Kay mao pud baya ang tinubdan sa among panginabuhian. Participant 8 - Naay kausaban tungod sa Pablo naay mga kahoy nangatumba. Tungod sa kalamidad dili tungod sa tao ang kadaotan. Participant 9 - Wala kay gi control man na dili madaot ang lasang. Dili lang nato matagnaan ang kinaiyahan kay nadaot man ang lasang tungod sa kalamidad. Dako kaayo ang among pag amping sa lasang kay dinha namo kuhaon tanan panginahanglanon namo. Kay mao pud baya ang tinubdan sa among panginabuhian. Participant 10 - Naay kausaban tungod sa Pablo naay mga kahoy nangatumba. Tungod sa kalamidad dili tungod sa tao ang kadaotan. 3. When was your group organized? Is your women’s group organized through the B+WISER Project? (Kanus-a natukod ang inyong kahugpungan sa kababayen￾an? Aduna bay kalambigitan ang B+WISER project sa pagkatukod niini?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 - We were organized a long time ago already as what we have known. We are just the additional members. We were organized already long before B+WISER project came. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 - Medyo dugay- dugay najud me na organisa dili na namo mahibal-an kay mga puli na baya me. Na organisa nami wala pa ang B+WISER. 4. Did you attend or participate in any capacity building training pertaining to NRM (natural resource management) (Nakatambong ba kamo ug mga pagbansay kalabot sa pagdumala sa mga kahinguhaan sa kinaiyahan?) [Note: ask them to name all NRM-related trainings attended] 4a. Who provided the training? How long was it Participant 1 - I have participated in a training sponsored by DA through KIN. We were taught how to make organic fertilizer which is more suitable in preventing destruction of the forest. Participant 2 - I have participated in a training sponsored by DENR. It taught us how to grow trees and how to protect the environment from destruction. It also taught us what we could do to protect the forest. I have learned how to protect the forest so that others can benefit also and preventing the occurrences of disaster. In another training of two days by the NREM of PENRO, it taught us how to grow good quality trees to be planted in the forest and also for our nursery production. We grow seedlings to be planted in the forest and also to be sold. Participant 3 - I have participated in a training that taught us the proper way of planting trees 214 F. Women (Daraghuyan, Dalwangan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) conducted? (Kinsa ang naghatag sa pagbansay ug unsa kadugay kini gipahigayon?) 4b. What did you learn from this or these training/s? (Unsay inyong nakat-unan niini nga pagbansay?) 4c. What benefits did you or your community gets from these trainings? (Unsay mga kaayuhan ang imong nakuha sa pagbansay? Unsay kaayuhan sa maong pagbansay alang sa imong komunidad?) conducted at my school. I have also participated in a five-day training on watershed protection. It was sponsored by the Province. I just forgot the exact name of the agency. I have learned that we have to protect the forest and plant more trees. Participant 4 - I have participated in a training sponsored by DA through KIN. We were taught how to make organic fertilizer which is more suitable in preventing destruction of the forest. Participants 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - I have not attended any training for the protection of the environment. Participant 1 - Naa sa una sa DA to siya pero ang nagdala ang KIN. Gitudloan me paghimo sa organic fertilizer na dapat gamiton sa taom para dili makadaot sa lasang. Duha ka adlaw na training to siya. Nakakuha nako kay maayo ang epikto sa paggamit sa organic fertilizer kay ang kalasangan dili jud madaot. Participant 2 - Oo naa koy naapilan sa DENR to siya na training sa pagpatubo sa kahoy, ang pag amping sa kalasangan. Ipakita sa amo kung naa ka sa community unsay pwede namo mabuhat arun pag protektar sa kalasangan ug ang sulod sa kalasangan. Duha ra to ka adlaw na training. Ang nakat-onan nako na dapat ampingan nakadugang sa kahilabo kug unsaon pag atiman sa lasang. Ang lasang dili lang para sa amo kun dili para pud sa mga tao sa ubos na na ekperyansahan ang kalamidad. Naa pud ang NREAM na ang PENRO ang nagpasiugda. Gitudloan me unsaon magkuha ug maaayo na seedling para itanom sa lasang. Kaning nursery production namo. Nagpatubo me ug seedling para itanom sa lasang ug kung naa pud gusto mopalit makabaligya pud me. Mga 2 days ang training ato. Participant 4 - Naa sa una sa DA to siya pero ang nagdala ang KIN. Gitudloan me paghimo sa organic fertilizer na dapat gamiton sa sa taom para dili makadaot sa lasang. Duha ka adlaw na training to siya. Nakakuha nako kay maayo ang epikto sa paggamit sa organic fertilizer kay ang kalasangan dili jud madaot. Participants 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 - Wala koy naapilan na training mahitungod sa pagprotektar sa kalasanagan. 5. Have you or your organization participated in any enforcement activities relative to your environmental management program of your forest resources? (Nakaapil ka ba o ang grupo sa kababayen-an sa pagpatuman sa mga pamalaod sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) 5a. What is your or your organization’s role in these enforcement activities? (Unsa ang imong papel ug ang papel sa grupo sa mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) Participants 1, 2, 3 & 4 - No, We have not participated. Participant 5 - None. We only perform rituals to protect the forest. Participant 6 - None. We only perform rituals to protect the forest. And to stop further destruction. We do not have difficulties with regard to enforce-ment because all of us try to follow our plans to protect the forest. Participants 7 - Only the tribal leaders perform the ritual. We, the women, only support whatever plans our leadrs have. Participant 8 - None. We only perform rituals to protect the forest, the “pagpanawan” or cleansing of the sins caused by violators. Participant 9 - None, we only conduct meetings on when to do the rituals to cleanse the sins caused by those outside our community. Participant 10 - Yes there is a plan formulated only by the Tribal Leaders. There is none by the women’s organization. 215 F. Women (Daraghuyan, Dalwangan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 5b. What benefits did you or your organization gets from these enforcement activities? (Unsay kaayohan nga imong nakuha sa pagpatuman sa mga pamalaod sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan? Unsay kaayohan alang sa imong grupo?) 5c. What problems have you or your organization experienced with regard to enforcement of environmental activities? (Unsay mga problema nga imong naagian ug naagian usab sa imong grupo kalabot sa pagpatuman sa mga pamaagi sa pagpanalipod sa kalasangan ug kinaiyahan?) Participants 1, 2, 3 & 4 - Wala me naka partisipar. Participant 5 - Ang sa amo mao ra ang pagbuhat sa ritwal. Participant 6 - Ang pag ritwal lang ang among gabuhaton para mohunong ang kadaot sa bukid. Wala man me problema naagian sa pagpatuman kay kami man tanan gipaningka-motan namo na matuman tanan plano. Participants 7 - Ang mga tribal leaders lang ang gabuhat sa plano igo me mga kababa-yenan motabang sa pagpa-tuman sa mao na mga plano. Participant 8 - Ang among ginabuhat kay mao ang ritual. Ang pagpanawan sa mga malapason. Participant 9 - Ang pag meeting na amo buhaton ang pag ritwal aron mahugasan ang sala sa mga nag adto sa lasang. Participant 10 - Naay mga plano pero ang mga tribal leaders lang ang nagmugna. Wala pa sa grupo sa kababayen-an. 6. Are you or your organization a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Lakip ka ba o ang inyong kahugpungan sa programa diin ang B+WISER nakiglambigit programa nga CCT o 4Ps sa DSWD nga naghatag kahigayonan sa malahutayong suporta sa pagdumala ug pagpanalipod sa kalasangan/watershed/protected area?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 - None. We don’t know any partner-ship between DSWD and B+WISER. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 - Wala pa, wala sa amo ang nahibaloan nga naay kasabotan ang DSWD ug ang B+WISER. 7. Have you or your organization put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. (Nakamugna ka ba o ang imong kahugpungan ug mga proyekto o kalihukan alang sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar? Ipasabot kini) Participants 1, 2, 3 & 4 - Yes there is the tree planting project. Participants 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 - We only have the nursery production and tree planting activity. Participants 1, 2, 3 & 4 - Naa ang tree planting project namo. Participants 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 - Mao raman ang nursery production ug ang tree planting namo. 8. What are the livelihood projects introduced in your community in support to forest restoration activities? Participants 1- The nursery production is a big help. It is where we get the seedlings to be planted in the forest. We could also sell them to the community and help improve the environ￾ment as well. Participant 2 - The nursery project is a big help. We, as members of the tribal women help in protecting the forest. Participant 3 - The trees that were destroyed during typhoon Pablo had been replaced. We get the seedlings from our nursery production project. Participants 4 - The nursery production is a livelihood project for us. Not only do we get the seedlings from the nursery to be planted in the forest but we it is also our source of livelihood because we sell the seedlings to the community. The profit is divided among the tribal women, the tribal elders and the barangay. 216 F. Women (Daraghuyan, Dalwangan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) (Unsa nga mga proyekto sa kapanginabuhian ang nasugdan sa inyong kumunidad isip suporta sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa kalasangan sa inyong lugar?) Participants 5, 8, 9 & 10 - It’s only the nursery production. Particpants 6 & 7 - The nursery production is a livelihood project for us. Not only do we get the seedlings from the nursery to be planted in the forest but we it is also our source of livelihood because we sell the seedlings to the community. The profit is divided among the tribal women, the tribal elders and the barangay. Participants 1- Nakatabang ang nursey kay dinhi ra namo gakuhaon ang itanom balik sa lasang ug dugang kita pud ni sa amo kay gabaligya man pud me sa seedlings ug nakatabang pa sa kinaiyahan. Participant 2 - Ang nursery project namo dako kaayo siya na mahatag na kaayohan sa lasang. Ang among grupo isip tribal women nagtabang jud na magbantay sa kalasangan. Participant 3 - Katong mga kahoy na natumba tungod sa bagyo na Pablo didto namo sa nursery gibuhi ang para itanom ipuli sa manganatumba didto sa bukid. Participants 4 - Kini ang nursery. Gabaligya pud me sa binhi para sa itanom sa bukid. Ang kita naa porsyento para sa amoa. Katunga namo ang tribal elders’ ug ang barangay. Participants 5, 8, 9 & 10 - Mao raman ang nursery production. Particpants 6 & 7 - Kini ang nursery. Gabaligya pud me sa binhi para sa itanom sa bukid. Ang kita naa porsyento para sa amoa. Katunga namo ang tribal elders’ ug ang barangay 9. What problems have you encountered in your forest restoration activities? How did you solve them? (Unsay mga poblema ang inyong naagian sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan? Giunsa ninyo kini pagsulbad?) Participant 1 - When we have children to attend to. Sometimes we don’t have the time to participate in any activities; we devote our time to our family. Participant 2 - The problem is the hot weather, where the plants die. Participant 3 - Our area is wide and far from where we are settled. Also the hot weather that destroys our plants in the nursery. Participant 4 - The problem is the hot weather, where the plants die. Participants 5 & 9 - The problem is our source of livelihood. Participant 6 - We can not solve this problem alone. We need more support. Participants 7 & 10 - Lack of support especially for livelihood. Participant 8 - Our income is low. We need more support because we can not handle it by ourselves. Participant 1 - Sa panahon na naay kakulian kay lisod walay magpabilin sa balay para magatiman sa mga bata. Usahay walay oras kay unahon man jud ang pamilya. Participant 2 - Ang problema mao ang kainit sa panahon, ang among tanum sa nursery mamatay jud siya. Participant 3 - Ang among trabohon dako-dako ug layo-layo kaayo kung asa mi nagpuyo. Problema pa jud ang kainit ang baligya namo maapektohan mamatay jud. Participant 4 - Ang kainit sa panahon ang problema kay mamatay jud pud ang among gipangtanom. Participants 5 & 9 - Ang panginabuhian namo ang kulang problema ni para sa amoa. Participant 6 - Ang problema kay dili jud namo kayo na kami-kami ra nagkinahanglan jud me ug daghan na supporta. Participants 7 & 10 - Kulang me sa supporta labi na para sa panginabuhian na suporta. Participant 8 - Gamay ra among kinitaan. Nagkinahanglan jud me ug supporta kay dili namo makaya nag tanan. 217 F. Women (Daraghuyan, Dalwangan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 10. What are the challenges that you face in your forest restoration activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga inyong giatubang kabahin sa pagpabalik sa kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan?) Participant 1 - The challenge is the typhoon that is inevitable. Participants 2, 8, 9 & 10 - The calamity is the challenge because it destroys the forest. Participant 3 - The climate change is the big challenge. That is why we perform rituals to prevent tragedy to happen in our forest. Participants 4, 5, 6 & 7 - The challenge is the typhoon that is inevitable. Participant 1 - Hagit jud ang bagyo na gaabot kay dili man nato matagnaan ang panahon. Participants 2, 8, 9 & 10 - Ang kalamidad ang hagit kay maayo n aman amo lasang nangadaot lang tungod sa bagyo. Participant 3 - Climate change ang dako na hagit ky adghan jud ang makasinati. Busa gabuhat me sa mga tulomanon namo ang ritual para ilayo me sa trahedya. Participants 4, 5, 6 & 7 - Hagit jud ang bagyo na gaabot kay dili man nato matagnaan ang panahon. 11. What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by the women’s group in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? [Note: Let them cite specific activities] (Unsa ang mga kalihukan nga gihimo sa grupo sa kababayen-an nga adunay dakung kalambigitan sa pagpanalipod ug pagdumala sa kalasangan/watershed/protected areas?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 - We don’t have specific activities undertaken by the women organiza-tion. The planting of trees in the forest is an acivity of the entire community and not only of the women including our families. We only perform rituals to prevent calamities from destroying our forest and to keep us away from illnesses and harm. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 - Wala jud specific na activities na ang women ang nagdala kay kanang pagtanom namo sa bukid sa tibuok community mana na kalihokan. Dili lang kami women apil pud amo mga pamilya mosaka sa lasang arun magtanom ug kahoy. Ang kana pud ang pagmamuhat namo. Amo jud nang ga pasidungog ang lasang sa usa ka ritual arun ilayo me niya sa katalagman ug dili me magkasakit. 12. Are these activities effective? Please explain. (Epektibo ba ng mga maong kalihukan? Palihug pagpasabot ngano nga nakaingon ka niini) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 - Yes, performing rituals is effective. We are protected from typhoons – they just pass by our forest when they come. It also cleanses the forest from wrong-doings Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 - Oo, epiktibo ang pagbuhat sa ritual kay dili na gaagi sa amo ang mga bagyo ug kalamidad. Kay nahinloan na ang sala didto sa bukid. 14. Any problem encountered in gender mainstreaming/inclusion activities that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? What are these? How did you solve them? (Aduna bay inyong natagbuan nga mga problema sa paglambigit sa mga kababayenhan sa mga kalihukan nga adunay dakung kalambigitan sa pagpanalipod ug pagdumala sa kalasangan/watershed/protected areas? Unsa man nga mga problema? Giunsa man kini pagsulbad?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 - None, because we are treated equal. If men go to the mountain, we also do the same together with our children. Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 - Wala man kay patas man me tanan. Kung gasaka ang mga kalalakin-an uban man me na mga asawa ug mga anak. 218 F. Women (Daraghuyan, Dalwangan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 15. What are the challenges that you face in gender mainstreaming/inclusion activities that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsay mga hagit ang inyong giatubang sa paglambigit sa mga kababayen-an sa inyong mga kalihukan nga adunay dakung kalambigitan sa pagpanalipod ug pagdumala sa kalasangan/watershed/protected areas?) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 – N/A 16. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/ implemented by the B+WISER Project that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management ? Please explain. (Aduna ba kamoy nahibaloan nga mga materyales o pamaagi nga gigamit sa B+WISER Project sa pagpahibalo, pag-edukar ug pagsibya ngadto sa katawhan nga adunay dakung kalambigitan sa pagpanalipod ug pagdumala sa kalasangan/watershed/protected areas?) 16a. Are they effective? In what way? (Epektibo ba ang maong mga pamaagi ug materyales? Sa unsang pamaagi nga nahimo silang epektibo?) Participants 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 – None Participant 3 - Only in a seminar sponsored by an organization with B+WISER as a partner. Only during that seminar that I saw the logo of B+WISER. Participants 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 – Wala man Participant 3 - Kana rang sa seminar na B+WISER ang nag counterpart kay nakita lang nako ang logo sa B+WISER. 17. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems (Unsay mga problema ang inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo? Giunsa ninyo pagsulbad ang maong mga problema) Participants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 – N/A 18. What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? (Unsay mga hagit nga inyong naagian mahitungod sa kalihukan sa pagpahibalo?) Participants 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 &10 – N/A 219 F. Women (Daraghuyan, Dalwangan) QUESTIONS RESPONSES (Transcription/Translation) 19. What lessons/positive experiences can you share with us as a member of the Women’s association that has relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? (Unsay mga maayong pagtulon-an o positibong kaagi ang imong mapaambit isip usa ka sakop sa Women’s) association nga adunay dakung kalambigitan sa pagpanalipod ug pagdumala sa kalasangan/watershed/protected areas? Participants 1, 2, 7, 9 &10 – The positive experience is our nursery production. We gain income and we are also able to help the forest by planting trees. Participant 3 - The nursery production helps the group. We have additional income and also we are able to help the environment. Participant 4 - The rituals we perform also help in controlling the number of people visiting the forest. Participant 5 - The rituals we perform also are a way to cleanse the forest. The rituals, “panundan,” keep us united. Participant 6 - The nursery production is what we could share to others and also the ways on how we protect the forest. Participants 8 & 10 - The rituals we perform also are a way to cleanse the forest. The rituals, “panundan,” keep us united. We do it every year. We go to the forest and offer prayers and rituals together with our tribal leaders, women, and the youth. We believe that by doing so it will protect the forest and protect us lumads. Participants 1, 2, 7, 9 &10 – Kanang among nursery, maayo man ang nahatag sa amo ana, naka income me nakatabang pa mi na naay kakuhaan ug seedling para itanom sa lasang. Participant 3 - Ang nursery nakatabang sa grupo. Dugang income kay makabaligya me tabang napud sa kinaiyahan kay makatanom. Tapos kana pud amo pag ampo ug pabuhat sa lasang tungod ana naka tabang sa pag control sa mga tao na gusto mo bisita sa lasang. Participant 4 - Kanang among pag ampo ug pabuhat sa lasang tungod ana naka tabang sa pag control sa mga tao na gusto mo bisita sa lasang. Participant 5 - Kaning pag ritwal namo sa bukid amo nabuhat na mahinloan ang mga sala na nabuhat didto, nagkahiusa me mga lumad tungod sa pagbuhat namo sa among panundan. Participant 6 - Kana among pagpananom ang among pabaambit sa uban ang pag ampo namo para ang lasang maprotektahan. Participants 8 & 10 - Ang pag ampo, nagkahiusa nag grupo sa pagbuhat sa panundan aun maprotektahan ang kinaiyahan. Taga tuig jud me gaadto sa lasang kami tanan sa komunidad ang tribal elders, mga lalaki, mga babae ug mga kabataan para pagtuman sa pagbuhat sa tolobagon namo isip mga lumad. Dako among pagtuona sa paganundan namo ma protektahan ang kalasangan. 220 KEY INFORMANTS INTERVIEW PER SITE Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape / Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve Name: For. Ricardo L. Calderon Age: 54 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Masteral Degree in Forest Management, Bachelor of Science in Forestry Position in the Community (or Office): Director , Forest Management Bureau - DENR Others: Length in service: 3 years as Director, 31 years in DENR Date of Interview: December 1, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: KII with Director Ricardo L. Calderon of the Forest Management Bureau, DENR 221 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environment Law Enforcement We have 7 sites, and yung ginagawa nila ngayon is yung LAWIN, applicability as far as B+WISER site is concerned. Maganda naman yun cause technology naman sya, yun din yung hinahanap namin. Nag- agree na kami doon we have to roll it out as far as the site is concerned, but we still awaiting its final comments from the BMB. Kasi gusto ng BMB expand pa, sinasabi ko naman expansion could come later. I-launch na muna ito then train capacity building dun sa field personnel, upgrade or expand later. Yun ung mga issues pa, so until now wala pa kaming project technical group that formalize the use of LAWIN. Although they’re doing the piloting and training with all the sites as much as possible. We’ve started B+WISER program, the project from the first year , so ino-operalize namin yung program, may mga konting gray areas as far as the implementation is concerned, normal naman yun sa isang project. So far yun medyo milestone, and then the use of remote sensing in the planning including dun sa enforcement sana yung mga priority areas for the enforcement na ginagawa nila. Nag-meeting kami last week, is that to make it mainstreamed. The activity should be mainstreamed as far as the activity is concerned. We’re doing the mainstreaming now, in fact they have a workshop last Dec 5 and we have plan roll out of our work plan for 2016. That is supposed to be next week, pero loaded na rin yung mga regions ayaw ko na ring abalahin. Mahirap na ring mag travel so we decided to forego the activity until 3rd week of January. Di pa naman late kako para everything is in place. We have 7 sites and their present work is the LAWIN applicability as far as B+WISER site is concern. It’s pretty good because its technology, that is what we were looking for. We have already agreed to that, we have to roll it out as far as the site is concerned, but we are still waiting for its final comments from the BMB. The BMB wants to expand, but I say expansion could come later. It needs to be launched first, then do training, capacity building of field personnel, either upgrade or expand later. That is still the issue, and so until now we don’t have a present project for technical group that formalizes the use of LAWIN. Although they’re doing the piloting and training with all the sites as much as possible. We’ve started B+WISER program, we operationalized (operated) the project from the first year, there are few gray areas as far as the implementation is concerned although it is normal to every projects. So far that’s the milestone, and then the use of remote sensing in the planning including the enforcement like what are the priority areas for their works. We had a meeting last week that is how to make it mainstreamed. As far as the activity is concerned, it should be mainstreamed. Since, we’re doing the mainstreaming now, they’ll be having a workshop this coming December 5 and we have plan to roll out of our work plan for 2016. That is supposed to be next week but since the regions are fully loaded I don’t want to burden them anymore. We decided to forego the activity until 3rd week of January since it’ll be difficult to travel now. We don’t want to rush to make everything be in their proper places, I think it’s not yet late. 222 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Forest Restoration Yung restoration is a major question, because they have the target as far as the hectarage (hectare) is concerned. Ang sabi nga namin would you be investing directly or in the process would you be providing technical assistance or capacity building to the resource people. So accordingly they have no direct investment. So you better invest on, example you invest on forest protection. So in one way we’re doing the restoration in the area. You invest on the capacity building of the PAMB. That’s the direction that we’re going to be made. They are not allowed to invest in a per hectare basis. What is your add on as far as the national greening program is concern. Basically, that’s an addition on what they’ re doing. Protection and everything, so that’s the way to restore. But in physical involvement nila in the restoration doesn’t exist as the grant is concern. Yun yung mga gray areas to clarify in the very beginning because when you say you restore, would you be planting? That’s the major question or dadagdag lang ba kayo sa national greening program, sakay lang kayo. That is we want to know. In restoration, it’s a major question. Because they have the target as far as the hectarage is concerned. As what we asked them, “would you be investing directly or in the process, would you be providing technical assistance or capacity building to the resource people?’’ According to them, they don’t have direct investment. So you better invest in for example you invest on forest protection, so in one way we’re doing the restoration in the area. Or you invest on the capacity building of the PAMB. That is the direction we’re going to be made. They are not allowed to invest in per hectare basis. What is your add on as far as national greening program is concerned? Basically, that is the addition that they are doing, protection and everything, that is their way of restoring. But their personal involvement in restoration doesn’t exist as far as the grant is concerned. That is the grays areas for clarification in the very beginning because when you say you restore, would you be planting? That’s the major question…. would you have an addition to the national greening program? Or you will just ride on it? That is what we want to know. Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management Actually remember yung 7 sites? 6 of them are protected areas but basically inside the forest. So that’s why the harmonization begins. The joint technical bulletin on the LAWIN, should had been the very first joint technical bulletin as far as the project is concern. But we’re doing it with our other projects in BMB. I guess we recognize the expertise of BMB when it comes to biodiversity & PA management the same way they recognize the expertise of Forest Management Bureau in forest resource management. It’ a long process, for harmonization, remember that protection forest has production plan. For a purist like BMB you cannot expect them to understand that kind of direction. That’s a very important. The issue of restoration, should be settled, I told the BMB you should settle it. Would you like to restore on its original state or what is your strategy on restoration. Until now they have none. So these are the major area of concern. Will you restore it to the original state, it would take more lifetime. If you’re talking of original state. These are the gray areas we have to clarify until now .So when it comes to integration & harmonization, the very traditional sectoral approaches which will not be the case. Remember as I’ve said even production forest has protection process, the same way protection forest had production process. If it’s a protected area, basically it’s all for water production. Actually, remember the 7 sites I mentioned before? 6 of them are protected areas but basically inside the forest. 223 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES That’s why the harmonization begins. The joint technical bulletin of the LAWIN should have been the very first as far as the project is concerned. But we’re doing it with our other project in BMB. I guess we recognize the expertise of BMB when it comes to biodiversity and PA management the same way they recognize the expertise of the Forest Management Bureau in forest resource management. It’s a long process for harmonization. The protection forest has a production plan. For a purist like BMB, you cannot expect them to understand that kind of direction, that’s very important. As I have told the BMB to settle the issue of restoration…would you like to restore on its original state or what is your strategy on restoration? Until now, they have done nothing, so these are the major area of concern. Will you restore it to the original state? It would take a lifetime. If so, these are the gray areas we have to clarify until now. So when it comes to integration and harmonization, the very traditional sectoral approaches which will not be the case. Remember what I said, even production forest has a protection process. The same way the protection forest had a production process. If it is a protected area, basically it’s all for water production. Policy and Governance Policy & governance, I think they have several involvements as far as mangrove development of the mangrove strategy related to Yolanda. I think that their major contribution. Providing experts and with the change of leadership of B+WISER they became more practical. Before it’s more theoretical. Now it’s more practical approaches, integration of everything. I think on the policy level, it’s the technical bulletin that we have to work with. It’s very difficult to have an approved memorandum circular or department circular. But technical bulletin or policy brief should be a good start for the project, for example LAWIN we’re planning to roll it out on a national level but I want piloting at the site first before I can proposed it to the executive committee for a roll out at the national level, because we are investing. But I want to know as far as the site is concerned before I can propose because there will be investment of government fund when I propose a roll out on the national. In policy & governance, I think they have several involvements as far as mangrove development is concerned, particularly those related to Yolanda. I think that is their major contribution, providing experts and with the change of leadership of B+WISER they became more practical. Before it’s more theoretical, now it’s more practical approaches, integration of everything. I think on the policy level, it’s the technical bulletin that we have to work with. It’s very difficult to have an approved memorandum circular or department circular. But technical bulletin or policy brief should be a good start for the project, for example LAWIN we’re planning to roll it out on a national level but I want piloting at the site first before I can proposed it to the executive committee for a roll out at the national level, because we are investing. But I want to know as far as the site is concern if I can propose to the investment of government fund about a roll out on the national. Public Private Sector Partnership We’re not that much involved. We’re never involved in that kind of direction, although there were several, we call for donors meeting. Public private partnership, already exist in the management of natural resources. Coz we have partnership with energy development corp. Example Mt. Apo energy development corp. is already there. They have been there for so long. It should be focus more on the policy side, we cannot operationalize it immediately without policy guidelines on public private partnership. But at least at the project level, we clarified the extent. On the Public private partnership 224 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES even a gray area we’ve been with PPP office, under NEDA with several proposals but I think B+WISER should focus more on policies of public & private partnership at the project level. If they can pilot it to come out with the policies it’s much better. But we were never involved on dealing with public private partnership. We don’t have that kind of involvement. I don’t know as far as the Project wave is concern, it’s a top level discussion on their side. We’re never involved in that kind of direction. Although there were several we call for donors meeting, public private partnership already exists in the management of natural resources. Because we have partnership with Energy Development Corp. like for example Mt. Apo, Energy Development Corp. is already there. They have been there for so long. It should be focused more on the policies, we cannot operate it immediately without policy guidelines on public private partnership. But at least at the project level, we clarified the extent. On the Public private partnership even a gray area we’ve been with PPP office, under NEDA with several proposals but I think B+WISER should focus more on policies of public & private partnership at the project level. If they can pilot it to come out with the policies it’s much better. But we were never involved on dealing with public private partnership. We don’t have that kind of involvement. I don’t know as far as the Project wave is concern, it’s a top level discussion on their side. Capacity Development They’re doing it on per site basis that is why we want to know as far as the work plan is concern so that we could mainstream. They have several capacity building activities. But it should lead to something. That is why we want to see their 2016 work plan proposal, so that when it’s mainstream, we would know the extent, because we might be duplicating what they are doing already. I don’t want that kind of situation, it should be an investment within the project, that would not duplicate others were doing already. Baka ang ginagawa ba natin, are we calling all of them base sa capacity building on a per site basis. That’s what we want to know & even the department wants to know. Very effective naman sya on a per site basis.Ang gusto lang namin makita e yung macro. The macro, because remember we are involving ourselves in this kind of technical assistance, so that we would know what are the technical assistances that we can use outside with this project. Dun kami interesado hindi lang kami nakatingin dun sa second project zone. Ano yung pwede naming magawa outside of this project that we could nationalize. From there we could benefit. They’re doing it per site basis that is why we want to know as far as the work plan is concerned so that we could mainstream. They have several capacity building activities, but it should lead to something. That is why we want to see their 2016 work plan proposal, so that when it’s mainstreamed, we would know the extent, because we might be duplicating what they are doing already. I don’t want that kind of situation; it should be an investment within the project, not to imitate. Are we calling all of them base on their capacity building; It’s very effective on per site basis. We just want to see the macro. Because as we remember, we are involved in this kind of technical assistance, and so we wanted to know what are those technical assistance that we can use outside this project. That is where we are interested of we just don’t look at the second project zone. What we could do outside this project that we could nationalize. From there we can benefit. Payments for Ecosystems Services 225 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Again it’s on infancy stage not just for B+WISER, we have the Phil waves accounting still a project .Still a long process, number one on the baseline second one how much will it cost. How to value these resources. Evaluation system is the most challenging for us. And hopefully, they could eye with other technical assistance program. We have the program on forest with dam and we’re doing the valuation also. It’s either opportunity costs or either economic cost or may present value cost. Hopefully its more define on methodology evaluation. Again it’s on infancy stage not just for B+WISER, we have the Phil waves accounting still a project. Still a long process. First on the baseline. Secondly, how much will it cost. How to value these resources. Evaluation system is the most challenging for us. And hopefully they could eye with other technical assistance program. We have the program on forest with dam and we’re also doing the evaluation. It’s either opportunity costs or either economic cost or maybe present value cost. Hopefully its more define on methodology evaluation. Support National REDD+ and GHG Programs Again valuation yan, ano lang yan technical assistance kasi we’re doing it with other development partner, so on the greenhouse gas inventory , the reference emission level, yun yung pino provide nila sa amin. Aligned with the bigger program national forest resources. Green house gas inventory, the reference emission level, so these are basically this are input to the major program, complimenting. Bago lang yan. It come during our discussion, these are the technical assistance needed in reference to the project site tini-tweak lang namin sya as far as the national program is concerned. So yun yung input nila, mga pilot sites nila. Even REDD+ still topic of discussion as far as COP 21 is concerned. May mga gray areas pa, number one, who owns the carbon, need to settle first, second do we have a study as far as the baseline carbon base on forest resources assessment? But who owns the carbon, second, valuation system, would be used the economic. That’s why it’s a major issue as a financial mechanism. Sabi ko nga yang COP 21 puro gastos naman ang napapala natin dyan. Ang lalayo ng meeting nila. Puro negotiation, hanggang ngayon COP 21 na wala pang nangyayari. Who owns the carbon number one, financing. Di ba nag umpisa sa clean development mechanism, who controls CDM its China, after China what now. At the end of the day, the REDD+ financing, nagkaproblema pa yan kasi mas pinaboran mo yung countries that are losing their forest. Mas pinopondohan mo, yung REDD+, magkano lang naman nakuha natin dyan. Sabi ko nga, bakit pabor pa kayo sa countries with high deforestation rate. That’s the unintended result of the REDD+. E paano kami nagcoconserve kami ng forest namin, parang mas mahirap pa yung window sa amin for financing purposes. Napakahabang negosasyon pa yan. Look what has happened in Indonesia & Norway. Until now, ano ang sabi ng Indonesia, what we have now are still promises, but they have committed already their forest as far as Norway is concerned. Norway is already using it. How much they get 1B dollar. Nagrereklamo yung Indonesia bakit wala silang magawa, pirmado yung head of state nila. Kaya tayo di tayo dapat magmadali. We don’t need to rush, why? At the end of the day, we are the one accountable. We have our forest intact. During our international discussion, kami we’re investing we’re using people’s money. Kayo puro kayo nanghihingi ng pera dito para kayong mga pulubi. Dati ganyan tayo, pag walang 226 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES special project walang refo. But now we’re investing people’s money, so we have to account every money’s spent as far as the rehabilitation is concerned. We have to account every seedling planted in that area, because it’s our money .We are not beggars anymore. Look at Pnoy in his speech, pinakita niya ito yung ginagawa namin, ito yung forest protection namin. But he cannot do it alone. Rehabilitation cannot stand alone activity you have to protect, the existing forest that you have. Even at the dept level I emphasize to them you have to change your planning output. You don’t put money in an open access area, you put money where the natural forest is. Again, it’s valuation. It’s a technical assistance because we’re doing it with other development partner. They provided us greenhouse gas inventory and the reference emission level. So basically these are the input to the major program, complimenting. It’s new. It came during our discussion. These are the technical assistance needed in reference to the project site; this is being tweaked (altered) as far as National program is concerned. That’s what their input are, their pilot sites. Even REDD+ is still a topic on our discussion as far as COP 21 is concerned. There are still gray areas. First, we need to settle who owns the carbon number one. Second, do we have a study about the baseline carbon base on forest resources assessment? Third, valuation system would be use the economic. That’s why it’s a major issue as a financial mechanism. As I have said, we have a lot of expense in COP 21. Their conducted meetings are very distant. They keep negotiating about the COP 21 but until now nothing happens. Who owns the carbon number one, financing. It started in a clean development mechanism, who controls CDM, its China, after China what now? At the end of the day, the REDD+ finances. They got a problem from it since they were in favor of countries that are losing their forest. They funded it more, the REDD+. We get a little from it. I asked once, why were you in favor of the countries with high deforestation rate? That’s the unintended result of the REDD+. Not like us who conserve the forest but having hard time asking for financing. It’ll take a lot of time negotiating. Look what has happened in Indonesia & Norway. Until now, What was the Indonesia stated, what we have now are still promises, but they have committed already their forest as far as Norway is concerned. Norway is already using it. How much they get 1B dollar. Indonesia reacted but they cannot do anything because it was signed by their head of state. We don’t need to rush, why? At the end of the day, we are the one accountable. We have our forest intact. During our international discussion, we’re investing; we’re using people’s money. You keep asking money from here, you’re like beggars. That was taco before, if you don’t have special project, you do not have refo. But now we’re investing people’s money, so we have to account every money spent as far as the rehabilitation is concerned. We have to account every seedling planted in that area, because it’s our money .We are not beggars anymore. Look at President Aquino in his speech, He let us see the people what we are doing, our forest protection project. But he cannot do it alone. Rehabilitation cannot stand alone activity you have to protect, the existing forest that you have. Even at the dept level I emphasize to them you have to change your planning output. You don’t put money in an open access area; you put money where the natural forest is. Mainstream, Gender and Inclusion 227 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Sa gender sensitivity kasama naman sya dun programa nila. But wala pa akong alam na specific intervention. Ung environmental CCT, there is a MOA with the dept & sec of DSWD even before they came. So its already an existing program. I don’t know kung anong nangyari. In fact in the NGP, naka enroll sa amin yung mga ga graduate sa CCT. And then at the end of the day may cross matching kami within the NGP sites na covered ng CCT from DSWD. But I don’t know as far as B+WISER is concerned, parang di nila na pursue yung ganun, to my knowledge, Wala naman silang cash, di nga silang allowed maglagay ng per hectare basis how much can you spent they are not allowed. In gender sensitivity, it is involve in their program. But I don’t know any specific intervention. The environmental CCT, there is a MOA with the dept & sec of DSWD even before they came, so it’s already an existing program. I don’t know what happened. In fact in the NGP, those you will graduate CCT were enrolled to us. And then at the end of the day we have cross matching within the NGP sites that covered the CCT from DSWD. But I don’t know as far as B+WISER is concern, I don’t think they pursued it, to my knowledge. They don’t have cash, they are not allowed to put the per hectare basis and how much can you spend Communication Campaigns Meron silang parang bulletin, B+WISER bulletin, nirerelease nila sa site level, kasi ang focus nila more on the local government. Nakakita naman ako once or twice, saka meron silang website. Yun lang but on the publication. They have like bulletin, B+WISER bulletin, they release it on a site level because they focus more on the local government. I have seen once or twice and they have a website, but on the publication. Research and Development Wala akong alam dyan, except for mangrove I don’t know it except for mangrove Monitoring and Evaluation They’re doing it on their own. We were not involved, that’s why we want to be involved. We want to measure the extent of your exposure , the impact. Kung kailangan nila ng technical assistance, magsasabi ibibigay. If they need the technical assistance, we’ll provide them. General Impressions Maganda yung concept, maganda yung design ng programa. Ang issue nga lang dyan is, dapat na mainstream kasi as possible. But they have their problems internally, on the locals. So mainstreaming is the most challenging for us. The concept is nice, the program design is good. The only issue is it should be mainstreamed as possible. But they have their problems internally, on the locals. So mainstreaming is the most challenging for us. 228 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Overall Project Implementation Again the mainstreaming, should be mainstreamed at the site level. Their activities should be mainstreamed. Kasi nagrereklamo yung ibang regions pandagdag pa sila sa trabaho, wala namang napapala yung regions. Because some of their site coordinators are very demanding, as if they are committed, nagrereklamo sa akin yung ibang regions, ano ba naman yan abala pa sila, so di sila naka mainstream. As if they’re doing their own thing. Again the mainstreaming, should be mainstreamed at the site level. Their activities should be mainstreamed. The other regions were reacting for the addition of jobs though the regions got nothing from it. Because some of their site coordinators are very demanding, as if they are committed. Some regions are complaining to me because they’re not mainstreamed. As if they’re doing their own thing. What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront? Again the mainstreaming, should be mainstreamed at the site level. Their activities should be mainstreamed. Kasi nagrereklamo yung ibang regions pandagdag pa sila sa trabaho, wala namang napapala yung Regions. Because some of their site coordinators are very demanding, as if they are committed, nagrereklamo sa akin yung ibang Regions, ano ba naman yan abala pa sila, so di sila naka mainstream. As if they’re doing their own thing. Again the mainstreaming, should be mainstreamed at the site level. Their activities should be mainstreamed. The other regions were reacting for the addition of jobs though the regions got nothing from it. Because some of their site coordinators are very demanding, as if they are committed. Some regions are complaining to me because they’re not mainstreamed. As if they’re doing their own thing.  How do you think these problems should be solved? We have to review the design.  What are the challenges that the project should face? Again mainstreaming, co-sharing 229 2. FOR. NORMA MULINYAWE, Division Chief, Biodiversity Management Bureau Name: Norma Mulinyawe Age: Sex: Female Educational Attainment: BS Forestry Position in the Community (or Office): Division Chief, Biodiversity Management Bureau Others: Date of Interview: December 2, 2015 Place of Interview: Ninoy Aquino Wildlife Park (Biodiversity Management Bureau Office), North Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City Time Started: Time Ended: INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement Forest Restoration What I know is that someone from us here in DENR trained in LAWIN. We were included in the general talk about forest restoration. What I know about forest restoration is that it is a technical bulletin not a policy, LAWIN is different, Restoration is also different. BMS is making a technical bulletin. That is the technical bulletin of FMB, it will be augmented by SMART LAWIN. Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management Policy Governance Public Private Sector Partnership They talked about that, maybe (Nene or Martin, other technical staff of BMB) can answer that but they have one which is just like IEC but for the other aspect of PA management they are not involved. The preparation of the 2nd state of report of the PA and earlier discussion of the preparation of the master plan. I think I saw Net in the discussion of M&E and sustainability of financing. Capacity Development Payment for Ecosystems Services I don’t think PES came from them because there is already PES even before B+WISER was introduced. Working group is the one who makes that and the Climate Change Commission is assisting the executive order at the office of the president. I don’t know anything actually but I know that there is a draft of the PES executive order in Malacanang. Support National REDD+ and GHGI Program 230 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Mainstream Gender and Inclusion Communication Campaigns They just rode on with our plans. We already have signages. They will just put up billboards which doesn’t have a logo. Research and Development None, assessment only. Monitoring and Evaluation Net and the others were included in the discussion of M&E and sustainability of financing. They were with us when we conducted the training. General Impressions Of course we follow the FMB because they are the lead in terms of implementing the project. We have a constant connection with B+WISER but I noticed that for example there are recommendations in the METT planning of protected areas and we have done the assessment we found out that there is an area which is not included in the original protected area, my question is that how much of this information is applied to the management plan? I still don’t see it’s improvement. Marlyn, Neneng and I are the representatives in technical so if there are meetings of technical people that is where we give inputs but that was direct hands-up, we don’t have a direct connection except for example we take what was left of sustainability example adapting business plan the exact site Naujan but I wasn’t able to follow it so we just follow what’s happening with the business plan of Naujan. B+WISER is giving us reports but in the actual report, Region 11 and 12 in Mt. Apo is not coordinating much with us. Overall Project Implementation  What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront? The coordination is a bit weak in all levels. For example, restoration and monitoring which is in LAWIN which we now participate in, we don’t know that there is PES that is why I am asking B+WISER about it. I am recalling where the PES is.  How do you think these problems should be solved?  What are the challenges that the project should face? 231 3. MR. OLIVER VIADO, Division Chief, DENR – Region IV-A Name: Oliver Viado Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Community (or Office): Division Chief, DENR Region IV-A Others: Date of Interview: November 24, 2015 Place of Interview: Region 4A DENR Office Time Started: 10:43 AM Time Ended: 11:03 AM INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them?  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform?  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives?  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems?  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? 232 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. Roldan Dugay conducted a seminar about SMART LAWIN. They gathered participants and they are giving us reports. This should be adapted by DENR.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus?  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans?  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans?  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus? Policy Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain.  How useful are these guidelines and policies?  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances 233 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES passed in your municipalities/area?  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas. DSWD conducted a maintenance protection in NGP, what they did was plantation. B+WISER actually observed the number of seedling which were naturally planted. The role of B+WISER is to provide the seedlings and the DENR 4A’s role is to identify the sites where the beneficiaries will do the maintenance and protection. We will make the tenure migrants beneficiaries otherwise re settlers. The partnership of B+WISER with us started last 2014 wherein they conducted a second workshop for the preparation of Development Management Plan of Pagbilao Mangrove. Its adoption is only this November 3. B+WISER as our partner, conducted a workshop last September and there has been an MOU wherein they identified all the agendas which is needed to be accomplished, it starts this year. One of the programs is to repair the hanging bridge and board walk. This was finished last March by the team of energy foundation as one of the stakeholder. We helped each other during the workshop with the LGU. B+WISER provided the man power during the workshop. DENR, LGU and 4Ps helped each other.  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site?  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Actually, in the partnership, they are not giving the fund directly to us but I think its okay that there is no 234 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES money transfer. For instance, you will be the one to provide for the accommodation, that is usually what we do. Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area?  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way?  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area?  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women?  What are the problems encountered in capacity building?  And how did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in capacity development?  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way?  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection?  What are the problems encountered in the 235 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES application of PES?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in application of PES?  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way? Support National REDD+ and GHGI Program  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain.  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area.  Did you participate in any of the GHG - related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area?  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI -related activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI –related activities?  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain. Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming- related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain.  What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community?  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities?  How did you solve these problems? 236 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns?  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in?  How useful are these R&D activities?  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? 237 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? All the activities that they do here is okay and well coordinated. But sometimes we encounter conflicts with the schedule.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Overall Project Implementation 238 4. ENGR. REYNULFO JUAN, Regional Director, DENR Region IV-A Name: Reynulfo Juan Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Community (or Office): Provincial Regional Director, DENR Region IV-A Others: Date of Interview: November 24, 2015 Place of Interview: Region 4A DENR Office Time Started: 9:00 AM Time Ended: 9:16 AM KII with Engr. Reynulfo Juan, Regional Director, Department of Environment and Natural Resources - Region 4A, Calamba City 239 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? They mobilize the training needs. We try to ask for support for the funding but only for capacity bulding. Law enforcement, capacity building. They conduct trainings which we request but other than that they don’t grant our other requests. We are requesting a vehicle from them, even just a motorcycle. We are supposed to use that for monitoring; I hope they provide us with vehicle.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform?  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives?  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems?  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective?  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? The challenge we faced is the establishing, what they do is really good and it has a projection, they have enough man power. There will be a migration here. They explained how B+WISER and USAID will be able to help in addressing the problem regarding the population in the upland particularly in Marikina watershed, resettlement is the solution which I see to solve this problem. Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. The management plan of Kaliwa watershed is included in the components. That is where they inputted our request to update us with the project because its been a long time since we were updated.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please None, I can’t remember if it was given to Tanay. 240 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES expound.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration Our problem is the ground in biodiversity conservation, how should it be, should their input really be more on study?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus?  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans?  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? Policy Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain.  How useful are these guidelines and policies?  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area?  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection The DSWD, B+WISER and USAID implemented the PPP using the NGP beneficiaries. B+WISER’s job is only to the extent of helping and overseeing but DSWD is the one who pays for the maintenance and protection. B+WISER is the one who facilitates. 241 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas.  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site?  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? Environmental Law Enforcement training is only more on training.  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way?  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area?  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were 242 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES there women participants in the trainings? How many women?  What are the problems encountered in capacity building?  And how did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way?  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection?  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? Support National REDD+ and GHGI Program  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain.  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area.  Did you participate in any of the GHG -related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area?  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI -related activities?  How did you solve these problems? 243 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI –related activities? Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming- related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain.  What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community?  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in?  How useful are these R&D activities?  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? Monitoring and Evaluation 244 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? All the activities that they do here is okay and well coordinated. But sometimes we encounter conflicts with the schedule.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Overall Project Implementation It was okay actually they have a proposal about “Tanim Kalikasan” and their budget for that is 1.2 m. This is a national project. Sometimes we see some activities like the monitoring of biodiversity. It seems that it is just a duplication of DENR’s activity. Like in BMS pilot project, one of the feedback it’s as if they have their own. In regular activities it should be harmonized with the targets so that if B+WISER won’t be there, we are able to capacitate what should be capacitated in the barangay and this will be put in the regular activities. It could easily be mainstreamed in reinforcement. They also want to purchase equipments for the barangay enforcement team. I don’t know if it was deputized in the law enforcement. I wish it is like this. The issue is how to harmonize. Overall it is okay. 245 5. DR. DOMINGO BRAVO, Division Chief, DENR Region IV-A Name: Domingo Bravo Age: 63 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Bachelor of Science in Forestry Position in the Community (or Office): Division Chief, Science Research Specialist Others: Date of Interview: November 24, 2015 Place of Interview: Region 4A DENR Office Time Started: 9:45 AM Time Ended: 10:48 AM INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? For the Marine protection area Network this is more on the coastal area they organized PAMB and enforcer group under agency collaboration of LGU and NGO. The training is more on workshop on Biodiversity, assessment like for example they have monitoring system the idea was done more on Upper Marikina river basin protected landscape and Kaliwa watershed forest research they have study if who will conduct an assessment on biodiversity they introduce for the biodiversity monitoring system.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate. Division protection conduct training, in forest enforcement from barangay and municipality within the P A coordinate and they are all functional it was support by the Regional Office of DENR and B-Wiser/ More on Technical assistance Local government training particular in PENRO and CENRO with enforcement division.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities Yes, looking into that, Tanay is already functional, what I suggested before was to look Tanay as pilot site, LGU for enforcement and protection. They’re giving us share for conducting training the LGU is also helping us they’re giving us share for conducting training.  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? Yes, they are participating in Kaliwa watershed they rebuke the makers of illegal activities particularly illegal charcoal making, cutting of trees or quarrying.  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? Yes, In terms of equipment and allowance. The LGU is the one who provides incentives, from their funds Maybe it boost their moral.  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? Limited manpower, maybe it will be solved by networking with other group especially in coastal area and upland area. 246 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? To make it more effective it needs networking in the different local units of course with the support of other agencies.  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Manpower wise was not quite in-place. Really very small support from the local government so it needs manpower. Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. Yes, we follow the FMU planning strategies, We are already in full blast in national greening program  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. No but this is a very good strategy you go on the tracking using equipment you go into the area to track the activity.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration Establish area, within the Protected area there are some appear holding title it should be turn it back.  How did you solve these problems? Cancel the title.  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? The Status of the Area those who have holding title, on how to turn it back Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus? Yes, The Protected Area updating of management plan some of them are already finish, we focus on Eco tourism because this is the fastest way to the community to gain profit within the PA.  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans? They already finish Upper Marikina protected landscape and Kaliwa forest watershed.  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans? Illegal cutting, illegal charcoal making. Lack of materials and funds as well.  How did you solve these problems? Set up plantation for community base Pioneering species plantation for charcoal production therefore they no longer go to the forest. Set up plantation for fuel base  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? Illegal cutting, illegal charcoal making Policy Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. Yes, we are contributing FMU Guidelines  How useful are these guidelines and policies? Very important if you look at the policy there so many policies all of them are restrict and it will be 247 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES settled in terms of policy and guidelines, it should be harmonized.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? Like for example Tanay has an ordinance from the local government and DENR. All the policy from National being adopted by Regional.  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance? So far, we have no problem, all the policy in national being adopted by regional.  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? More on the implementation of policies formulated and governance. Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas. B-wiser with DSWD did something, they have a MOA, they identified the beneficiary of the CCT they have cash for works this is about planting and cleaning of the forest at the same time they earn money from it. As of now we did not know the result yet.  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. National Greening Program forged a partnership with other big companies like SM, these are the partners in rehabilitation, they give the area and have maintenance, and they earn money. They also have livelihood production of vegetables; these are the fast crops easy to sell.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes, they earn money as well as they helped to protect the Environment.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site? Cash for Works the B-Wiser conduct more on training. They also provided researches and information for B-wiser to be able to conduct their training.  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? None  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in PPP? None 248 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? Protection, enforcement, assessment training like LAWIN.  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? Yes, they always invite us. Yes all of it are upgraded, we gain more knowledge.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area? There are livelihoods which are more on agro-forestry, eco- tourism like waterfalls, rivers etc.  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women? They also involve women by making them assist on agroforestry livelihood, all are gender sensitive at lease additional income for them. Yes we had training on mushroom culture, charcoal briquetting; Tanay was the one who pilot that. Yes actually there are more women than men.  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? Some of them do not finish the trainings given .they are absent in trainings.  And how did you solve these problems? They are being fetched by our services.  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? None Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way? Yes, this is what we need within the PA once it was finalized.  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound. So far IPAF only.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection? Yes only for the IFAP it depends on the entrance fee for example the entrance fee in Banahaw is 50 pesos the market of this is only in holy week but if most of the people came in this place they can earn more. They are not enough to fund forest restoration and protection.  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES? Process of application, it depends of the person who handle the application if they wants to fasten the process; some of the applicant are lack of documents required.  How did you solve these problems? For the applicant, if there are problems, always coordinate. Coordination is the best way to solve the problem, complete all the documents. 249 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? Process of application of PES. Support National REDD+ and GHGI Program  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain. Supporting the National Greening Program; Expand plantation or protect those which already exist.  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area. I participate in some part, but mostly I listen and learn more from them. What I’ve learned from them I share it to the community.  Did you participate in any of the GHG-related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area? Yes they are presenting the concept, more on rehabilitation. They can lessen the cause of pollution. I’m only the one who attended the training. Of course what I learned from them I share it to my community.  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI-related activities? None  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI–related activities? None Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming- related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. All livelihood introduce are gender mainstreaming like mushroom culture, charcoal briquetting; what man can do women also can do they both benefited from it.  What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community? Good, equality they both benefited from the project implement if one is not available its ok the other one is available.  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities? None  How did you solve these problems? Not applicable  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? None Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? Very effective, face to face Consultation and Orientation very effective if you talk about illegal cutting if you read the magnitude there’s an impact. 250 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? None So far there are no problems.  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? none , The B wiser help us in undertaking communication campaign Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? The conduct of Biodiversity monitoring system also through LAWIN  How useful are these R&D activities? Very useful because it must be disseminate to people using science-based approach  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process? Yes the LAWIN now is use in biodiversity monitoring it can easily monitor all the activities done there.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D? The one who conduct of BMS if they do not follow the methodology they will have problem.  How did you solve these problems? They should be follow the methodology  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? If they do not follow the methodology that’s the challenge Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. Through LAWIN it can already capture  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? Contradict in regular activities equipment on what they want to purchase for Barangay enforcement  How did you solve these problems? Hopefully they would work together on how to make it , harmonize  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? Contradict in regular activities equipment on what they want to purchase for Barangay enforcement. General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? B-wiser is very helpful. They very helpful for PA even outside PA that can be apply that is very important.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. The result of their assessment through LAWIN  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. We did not know yet, the reports are not yet submitted.  What are your suggestions or recommendations The progress report should be submitted even only the status first just to update what are happening on 251 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? the region Overall Project Implementation ELE LAWIN very effective the one I admire most. 6. DR. ISIDRO L. MERCADO, Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Officer, PENRO-Rizal Name: Isidro Mercado Age: 59 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Bachelor of Science in Forestry Position in the Community (or Office): Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Officer Others: Date of Interview: November 24, 2015 Place of Interview: Province of Tanay Rizal Time Started: 1:52 PM Time Ended: 2:48 PM INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? Yes, especially those in Forest Protection in law enforcement in Province particularly in Upper Marikina and Kaliwa watershed.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate. Yes, this is our part in relation to law Enforcement and Strategy. The technical people hired in Upper Marikina are also tapped, as well as those from the PENRO personnel; together they are assigned in Enforcement Unit to implement Law Enforcement Policies. PENRO provides support like technical. Our enforcers are patrolling.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities Yes, we coordinate with MENRO In the province. I created Provincial Anti – Illegal logging task force and in community level in Tanay MENRO they also created community anti- illegal logging task force; and in other municipalities they replicated this ELE.  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? Yes, we tapped forestry graduates especially graduates of the University of Rizal System; they are employed as our extension officers and they are also utilized in forest protection activities.  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these Yes, normally the travelling expenses, as well as other provisions like, food for operation and other amenities needed for the protection activity. Our office, DENR, is the one who provides. The result of giving incentives... They are all very much cooperative in our activities and physically present in all ELE 252 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? activities.  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? Peace and order condition, especially in the boundary of Quezon, Tanay area. We also received death￾treats from unknown person “NPA KUNO” when we confiscate forest products. We have the information assistance center to check the forest product.  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? We are definitely in need of project budget and provision of vehicle for operation.  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Intervention of politicians, Implementation of Environmental Law Enforcement and Development project in the province. Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. Yes, in the province of Rizal we focus more on Restoration and Rehabilitation, we have bigger target in Rizal we finished 28,433 hectares planted- out in NGP project sites.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. Yes, B-Wiser introduce LAWIN actually technical people in Kaliwa Mr. Felomen Arthur was involved and other technical people involved in Upper Marikina.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration Illegal claimants within the area, also claimants in watershed area.  How did you solve these problems? Call their attention by having meetings and technical conference; call them in barangay and it will be elevated to the DENR Office for possible filling of the case for illegal occupation in watershed area.  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? Sustainability of the project implemented within Upper Marikina and Kaliwa watershed continuing allocation for the development. Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus? Yes. Involvement with protected Superintendent, Forester Community Development Officers for preparation and plan. We focused more on preparation and planning.  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans? This time we are in the stage of coordination, involvement to community enhancement planning Partnership with B-Wiser and DENR.  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans? Delayed payments; System on how we will pay the PO’S, delayed salaries  How did you solve these problems? Discuss with the B-WISER and arrangement in downloading the budget to the PENRO, the budget is with DSWD. 253 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? Sustainability. Policy Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. The main actor are the technical people , PASU , Assistant PASU, Community Development Officer, the Forester participate in involving preparation I delegated them to participate training.  How useful are these guidelines and policies? Very useful in terms of implementations, further work to DENR, Helps with the DENR. DENR already implements the project sometimes B-Wiser duplicate the project at DENR like Development project the same approach of activities but because of technology like LAWIN it can easily settle.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? The Policies and ordinances made by MENRO and DENR anchored on the National Policies like cutting of trees. Mandated the process on how to legally secure permits, they have Barangay task force and involvement and guidelines by the B-WISER and they have reports on what they accomplished.  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance? It’s very complicated. They should define the function of LGU. The municipality is giving permits even the mayor.  How did you solve these problems? Meeting with LGU, DENR emphasized that the LGU is not authorized to issue permits, gave warning to them.  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? In terms of governance, procurement procedures should be strictly followed; short cutting should be avoided especially in seedlings. Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas. DSWD, DENR and B-WISER launched partnership wherein I was able to attend its launching. The head of B-WISER and the Regional Director of DENR already defined the responsibility of different partnership agencies, even the NGO and the PO. We already defined the role of DENR, DSWD and B-WISER.  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. Development project especially the National Greening Program that involved the private. The public sector voluntarily Involved themselves in the Tree Planting, Nurturing, Protecting and Private public sector partnership interested forged MOA in protection of site planted with trees.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes, these PPPs excellently help in nurturing and protecting the forest, watershed and PA in our area.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by I cannot particularly identify NGO and PO but PO’s really involved in projects in terms of additional livelihood and employment. 254 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site?  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? Sustainability of the Public Private Sector partnership and other agencies.  How did you solve these problems? Coordinating with the PPSP.  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Full involvement to the project and continuity of provision on allocating some funds. Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? Training in ELE workshop within the Barangay and Municipality.  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? No, the technical people, PASU, assistant PASU, Foresters participate in these capacity building. Very useful; it helps them gained additional knowledge as they were updated.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area? Mostly tree planting.  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women? Mostly wives of PO’s help with facilitating these livelihood activities. Additional income for them. Mostly women attend trainings because most of the men work in the mountain.  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? Less attendance, coordination with the barangay.  And how did you solve these problems? Face to face discussion and personal interaction with the people.  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? Should have hands on procedure and they should stay in the project site. Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way? Actually the PASU will attend the PES training in IPAF. Very useful, it will help us gain more knowledge.  Are you applying other PES schemes in your We are still not applying any PES schemes because we are just about to attend the training about PES. 255 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES area? Please expound.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection? Yes, I don’t know the record it is already in the Budget and accountancy with receipt deposited by Land￾bank the budget is not enough and I think additional fund is needed to sustain the project  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES? The budget is not enough; additional fund is needed. Another problem is that there are some people who questions why we are collecting charges  How did you solve these problems? By addressing to the people concerned and discussing and settling the problem with them.  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? In-depth study on PES for sustainability. Support National REDD+ and GHGI Program  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain. More development project on tree planting,, enhancement planting.  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area. Yes, but the technical people are the ones who are involved in these activities, however I was able to attend several workshops in REDD+ which is separated from what the others attended. This would probably help us gain more knowledge about the matter.  Did you participate in any of the GHG-related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area? Usually I am involved in the discussion but not physically present in attending the training. It helped our community in terms of gaining more knowledge about the matter.  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI-related activities? Their explanation is very hard to understand, very technical not suited for the participants.  How did you solve these problems? The explanation should be easy to understand and should have hands-on to make people feel and for them to know this what should be done  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI–related activities? Sustainability in Project. Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming- related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. Women are involved in different trainings conducted by the B+WISER. Very useful because if men are preoccupied or not available, the women will be able to perform the required activities to be performed for the mean time.  What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community? It boosted equality among men and women because it proved that women are capable to do many task as well as men.  What are the problems you encountered in No problem 256 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES gender mainstreaming activities?  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? Full involvement to reach all our projects and to make it more effective. Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? None  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? None  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? None Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? None  How useful are these R&D activities? Not applicable  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process? Not Applicable  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D? None  How did you solve these problems? Not applicable  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? Not Applicable Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. Tree Planting, B+WISER validate before payment actual validation on the ground  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? The availability of the persons sudden call for validation of the B-WISER  How did you solve these problems? Call the attention of the people assigned in B-Wiser project, give time and have acknowledgement for the focal person scheduling for the B-WISER project  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? Sustainability of Monitoring and Evaluation Activities 257 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? B- WISER project is a good project they focus in every angle of the project. The B-Wiser reports are updated. They are unlike DENR who lacks manpower that’s why they can’t focus in the project.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. The B-WISER is already well known and was able to build a good identity. And they were also able to enhance the protection of forest, watershed and PA and were able to promote gender equality in our area.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Yes, they are on track, they have an action plan, scheduling and timeline.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Technical manpower of the B-Wiser additional manpower to assist in project site. Overall Project Implementation From the scale of 1 to 10 where in 1 is the lowest and 10 is the highest I rate them 7 because they still have weaknesses (late announcement for validation and lack of communication). 7. FOR. GIOVANNI G. GAMO, OIC-Community Environment and Natural Resources Officer and PASU, CENRO-Taytay, Rizal Name: Giovanni Gamo Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Bachelor of Science in Forestry Position in the Community (or Office): OIC-Community Environment and Natural Resources Officer and PASU Others: Date of Interview: November 24, 2015 Place of Interview: Tanay Rizal Office of the PASU Time Started: 2:50 PM Time Ended: 3:43 PM INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? Yes, I have resource person who attends the trainings. They are a big help when it comes to projects like capacity bldg. global community with regards to protection.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What Yes, we have but as of now I do not have it here because it is with my chief, he is in the area. We are the one who formulated the plan with the approval of Rizal office. The operation we perform is called “Cut the root, high the market; cut the source, denied the market” 258 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities Not in all, only Tanay has some concerns regarding their forest areas. As of now we are organizing a seminar regarding forest protection with the participation of our community forest protection people.  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? Yes we have, we are gender sensitive. Women are usually the ones who manage the area, gather information and data, and they also help in forest protection together with our men.  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? Yes, Certificate of recognition no money involve aside from their salary. We also give them tools such as t-shirts, flashlights and other equipment that they can use for their patrolling. PAMB is the one who provides it. And the effect of this is good they are proud to be one of the enforcers; it boosts their moral.  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? There are political considerations during the implementation. Another problem is that we cannot control the influx of settlers here in Rizal. They would always do “Kaingin” (burning of trees for cultivation). The best way to solve this is to constantly consult the upland people and IPs about their practices.  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? There should be proper and complete equipment for patrolling to make ELE more effective  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? How to divert the attention from local community. Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. Only in few municipalities with regards to Restoration in participation of National Greening Program.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. None  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration None  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? None Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus? Yes we have two, the Protected Area the Kaliwa watershed and Pamintinan. These are the areas we focused on. 259 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans? Introducing new technology, assisting of management plan, capacity building plan.  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans? There was a problem with our logistics and finance and we cannot attend trainings because we do not have any vehicle. We request a vehicle from B+WISER.  How did you solve these problems? Coordination with the local government with the help of the local community in forest protection.  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? The challenges we faced in the enhancement of our NRM plans are the policies and laws and also how to encourage the community to fully participate with our plans. Policy Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. Yes the groups are the ones who formulated the guidelines and ideas.  How useful are these guidelines and policies? Useful because these guidelines and policies can be applied for whatever purposes it may serve.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? Environmental code, this is where all the environmental laws related to forest management are found.  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance? We lack manpower, there are a lot of things that we implement but only 7 people are the ones who work.  How did you solve these problems? With the help of the local MENRO; they supply us the things we lack in the office.  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? None Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas. I am not fully aware of that, all I know is that B+WISER developed a partnership with DSWD wherein B+WISER will let the 4Ps members participate with the tree planting project in return they will receive a certain amount of money for their participation.  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. I don’t know  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Not applicable  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions None 260 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site?  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? Not applicable  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? Forest protection, biodiversity training, preparation of plans, preparation of mapping and trainings about how to use technical equipment like GPS.  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? Usually, I do not finish the 3 day training. But I accomplish the training for the preparation and management plan It is useful because it enhanced my knowledge  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area? Mushroom products, novelty production like making necklace  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women? They are the workers of these livelihood projects because they are very patient and imaginative. They earn an income from this so there is at-least a decrease in “Kaingin activities”.  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? Lack of financial assistance for sending them to trainings because most of trainings are held far from their home. Another problem is that the availability of the people who should be involve in these trainings because some of them have works.  And how did you solve these problems? We are contacting B+WISER or the sponsor of the project.  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? Sustainability of the project. This should be continuous. Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation Yes, I gained more knowledge 261 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way?  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound. No we’re just planning to apply PES  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection? IPAF only, I don’t know if it is enough to fund the forest/PA restoration and protection  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES? Consideration of local community they do not want to pay.  How did you solve these problems? We are explaining to them, little by little, why they need to pay a certain charge.  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? Attitude of the local community Support National REDD+ and GHGI Program  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain. I don’t know  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area. None  Did you participate in any of the GHG-related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area? None  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI-related activities? None  How did you solve these problems? Not applicable  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI–related activities? None Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming- related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. I don’t know I’m only attending trainings and seminars  What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community? None 262 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities? None  How did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? None Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? We have the initiative but we do not have the equipment and fund to employ it.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? Lack of equipment and mobility to patrol the area.  How did you solve these problems? We ask the B+WISER to provide us equipment.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? Lack of financial consideration Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? None  How useful are these R&D activities? Not applicable  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process? Not applicable  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D? Not applicable  How did you solve these problems? Not applicable  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? Not applicable Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. None training and seminars only  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? Lack of material, sometimes, M&E activities are not in-place, lacks plan and postponed  How did you solve these problems? Doing constant dialogue communication, close coordination with the B+WISER  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? Lack of personnel General Impressions 263 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? Good but they still lack something. For me, they should extend their projects and increase financial support.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. Better awareness and close protection  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. I don’t know I don’t have a blue print to know if they are on track  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Strengthen the project, more training and capacity building, more personnel, funds equipment and vehicles. Overall Project Implementation From the scale of 1 to 10 where in 1 is the lowest and 10 is the highest I’ll rate them 6. For me, they actually passed but they still need improvement and coordination with DENR and they should also improve their financial support. 264 8. FOR. MERLY A. IQUIN, Senior Ecosystems Management Specialist, CENRO- Real Name: Merly Iquin ( Substitute for) CENRO Millarete Panaligan (Original Respondents Age: 50 Sex: Female Educational Attainment: Bachelor of Science in Forestry Position in the Community (or Office): CENRO-Real Others: Date of Interview: November 25, 2015 Place of Interview: CENRO Real Quezon Time Started: 2:01 PM Time Ended: 2:39 PM INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? Yes, we participated in trainings like apprehension and confiscation. Our knowledge about Environmental Law Enforcement is refreshed through these trainings.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate. Yes, Cenro is the one who formulated the plan. The regional office and Head Department provides a special budget. We are implementing seizures and confiscations. Whenever there are seizures and confiscations, enforcers would first turn it over to barangay level then they will give to the municipal office before they surrender it to us.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities Yes, there were Environmental Law Enforcers around Kanan watershed but when the funds ran out, B+WISER adapted it.  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? Yes, they are barangay officials. They belong in Bantay Gubat and they act as enforcers. They are the ones who patrol around the forest and the ones who give information to CENRO.  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? Yes, enforcers of Bantay Gubat, who are composed of men and women, are given incentives. They are given P3000 per month and the copies of the recipients are with CENRO who formulated the law enforcement plan and BLET with an LGU counterpart in their incentive. Most of the enforcers were motivated in patrolling.  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? Some of the enforcers are involving themselves in illegal activities. But this is still not proven so CENRO is still conducting an investigation about the matter.  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more Increase in fund and personnel to make ELE more effective. 265 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG effective?  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Some politicians involve themselves in illegal activities. Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. As far as I know, there are still none, there were trainings but it is still not implemented.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. There’s been a training which was established by Gen. Nakar however Real Quezon’s CENRO wasn’t able to come so the gadgets were given to the LGU.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration None  How did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? None Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus? Yes, B+WISER conducted trainings regarding management tracking tool and biodiversity BMS. The focus is on National Greening Program.  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans? PAMB gave us questionnaires so far.  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans? The lack of personnel.  How did you solve these problems? We asked members of LGU and PAM B for help however it is still not enough.  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? We are having a hard time dealing with illegal settlers. We need to follow certain rules. there are already initial demolition activities however there are officials who gives favors to their constituents. Policy Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. We attended trainings however we are still not implementing because B+WISER is still not coordinating with us  How useful are these guidelines and policies? These guidelines and policies will be very useful if implemented.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? I don’t Know, but We have in Nakar the job of our environmental law enforcers has policies because we are under Gen. Nakar. 266 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance? None so far.  How did you solve these problems? None.  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? None. Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas. B+WISER got the names of people who are included in DSWD’s 4Ps project. These people will participate in the National Greening Program and will be given a certain amount of money by the DSWD for their participation.  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. There is the people’s Organization and PARMA (Protected Area Resource Management)  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes, they are able to effectively monitor because they have given livelihood program.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site? They conducted a Resource Basic Inventory. They also gave us a copy of their accomplishments and they have BLET which they adapted that is why they have an enforcement team. B+WISER provided equipments and gadgets which can be used for forest protection such as GPS, ropes, laptop and tablet.  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? The problem with engaging in PPP is that this was not given much attention and focus.  How did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges faced in PPP? None Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? We implemented Forest Management Unit Trainings, Management Tracking Assessment, and Management Enforcement Training and there are still apprehension and confiscation processes and filling of criminal cases.  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? Yes, they are very useful. There is also a proclamation in 16/36 so we are able to use the tracking tools that were given to us, there is also a biodiversity monitoring system.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in This was not monitor so they assigned the livelihood trainings to the LGU. 267 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG your area?  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women? None  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? None  And how did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? None Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way? No, we were not able to avail any training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF.  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound. None  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection? None  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES? None  How did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? None Support National REDD+ and GHGI Program  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain. We were not able to attend any REDD+ activities of the B+WISER project.  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area. None  Did you participate in any of the GHG-related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it None 268 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG help your community/area?  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI-related activities? None  How did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI–related activities? None Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming- related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. Like the barangay law enforcers, women are involved in our activities. The participation of women wasn’t monitored.  What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community? None  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities? None  How did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? None Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? None  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? None  How did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? None Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? None  How useful are these R&D activities? None  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process? None  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D? None 269 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG  How did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? None Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. None  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? Not Applicable  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? None General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? The projects of B+WISER are very good specially if the area will be prioritized by the protection activities which is a bit rare to happen in municipality since our area is far.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. B+WISER was able to perform tasks which the DENR cannot accomplish.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Yes, B+WISER was able to conduct their activities and trainings on time.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? We hope they sustain their efforts in implementing policies because they are not consistent in it. Overall Project Implementation From the scale of 1 to 10 wherein 1 is the lowest and 10 is the highest I will rate them 6 because I wasn’t able see clearly how the B+WISER implements policies in our area because they are only present in trainings. 270 9. FOR. LEONIDA MINDAROS, Community Development Officer, UMRPL Name: Leonida Mindaros Age: 33 Sex: Female Educational Attainment: Bachelor of Science in Forestry Position in the Community (or Office): Others: Date of Interview: November 24, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? Oo, actually ako nga ang focal person ng B+WISER dito e. ELE training na sa Subic yun. Recently lang yun. Yes, actually I was the focal person of B+WISER here. ELE trainings was in Subic, that was recently.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate. Meron, nakadraft lang yun pero di na finalize. Ako ang nag draft nun, pero ang nagcheck nun si Ma’am Lou, yung dating CENRO. Di na yun nasunod, kasi meron kaming mga bantay gubat sila na lang yung nag ano, may mga bantay gubat kami na nahired, yun. Pero patrol sector yun, so sila na yung mga ranger, mga forest ranger namin. We have but it was only a draft it was not yet finalized. I made the draft but its ma’am Lou who checked it, the former CENRO. I t wasn’t followed because we have an enforcement. We hired patrol sectors, they were our forest rangers.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities Nagpatraining kami sa mga communities, nakailang beses na training yun mula nag umpisa ang upper Marikina, 2012, 2013, and 2014. Yearly yata na may ano , member ang kasama dun , selected lang na barangay officials ,mga PO ganun We conducted a lot of trainings in the communities since 2012, 2013, and 2014 when the Upper Marikina started. I think it’s yearly. We have included other members, like from the barangays, PO’s.  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? May babae naman na umaatted sa training namin. Listening lang naman sila. IEC component sila, kasi di naman sila pwedeng manghuli, kasi tatakbo sila o ano IEC na lang, kakausapin nila yung mga nagkakaingin o nag uuling. There were women who attended our trainings. They were listening. They were IEC components, since they were not able to catch those illegal loggers, they will try to talk to them about their illegal doings. 271 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? Ung mga bantay gubat po namin may sweldo po monthly Sa DENR naman po DENR, nagsusweldo, sa barangay meron silang binabayaran na ano, ang tawag doon, bantay kalikasan ba yun? , barangay din ang nagpapasweldo. Pag sa munisipyo bantay gubat din yata yun sa Tanay , di sila din ang papasweldo Siyempre sumisipag sila kasi pag wala silang incentive, tatamarin sila, wala silang gana,e bakitt sila magpapagod pag mabaril pa sila dyan , ang tao kasi ngayon di mo mautusan pag walang bayad , kahit utusan mo lang na maghatid ng sulat kailangan may pamasahe ganun. E di ganyan din yan di yan magtatrabaho pag walang sweldo. Lalu ang hirap ng trabaho ng enforcer. It’s the DENR who’s paying the salary. In barangay they have what they call Bantay Kalikasan, I’m not sure with the name, It’s the barangay who provides wages; if it is in Tanay, it’s the municipal who pays wages. Of course, they‘re being industrious because if there wasn’t any incentives they will be lazy. What if they get shot? People nowadays, you cannot ask them for free. They’re not going to work without wages since being an enforcer is hard work.  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? Sa paghuli , ano lang 1 time nung nag IEC kami dun sa nag uuling , ano hinahasaaan kami ng itak, nahaharass. Pag nagpipicture kami sa mga uling , hinahabol kami ng itak Dito sa area ko na 2 chainsaw, pinahuli ko, e yun pala ang may ari ay politician, so ang sabi nia sa akin ipapatanggal nila ako sa area. Yun mga ganung sitwasyon. Di wala tatakbo na lang kami, tapos yung hahasaan kami ng itak siyempre isang katutak na paliwanag para mag calm down, kasi una kasi di niya maiintindihan, di ano kwentuhan mo lang ng kwentuhan na di mo , na yung salita mo, depende kasi yun sa salita mo e. kung itutuloy niya yung banta nia sa yo o hindi so kailangan, relax ka. One time, when we were doing the IEC we were being harassed. Whenever we take pictures of charcoals we were being chased by bolo. Here in my area, I’ve catched 2 chainsaws and then I learned that it was from a politician, so he told me that they are going to fire me in my area. That awkward situation. We need to calm them down, if not we’re just going to run after we are shown a bolo being sharpened. Since they don’t understand, we’ll do a ton of explanation and it depends on how you deliver it or else they’ll chase you.  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? Siguro ano na lang harmonize ba ang tawag doon para magkaisa na lang, tapos continuous pagpapaliwanag sa mga tao kung gusto mo talagang iimplement yung ELE, e kasi di naman nila kaagad maaaccept yan e, na ay ganun palabawal, di nila agad agad yan kasi ang iisipin nila, nagugutom sila kailangn nilang gawin yun, ganun. I think it needs to be harmonized, is that what it is called? For the unity. And continuous explanation to the people if you really want to implement the ELE. They would not accept it easily, esp. the prohibitions. They wouldn’t easily agree to that because they think of being starve. 272 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Tingin ko pag iimplement yung mga laws matatanggap ng mga tao, kung paano ipaliwanaag ng maayos na maiintindihan nila. I think they will embrace the laws in the implementation with just explaining it the way they will understand it. Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. Meron kaming office sa field, may field office kami sa Baytangan, Barangay Pintong Bukawe. Barangay yun pero covered na yun ng 5 municipalities, 9 na barangay. Dahil yun na yung pinaka field office namin. Sa 5 munisipyo na sakop ng barangay Marikina meron kaming center na field office tapos meron kamin patrol sector na 5 parang office din na 5. We have an office at the field, we have in Baytangan, Barangay Pintong Bukawe, It’s a Barangay but it covers 5 municipalities and 9 barangays. It’s our main field office. In barangay Marikina that covers 5 municipalities we have a center field office and then we have 5 patrol sectors, like an office.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. Sa SMART LAWIN, nagtraining lang kami nyan pero, hindi kami nag set up. Ang magseset up kasi ang B+WISER. Nag ano sila dito sa Puray at Maskap .Kasama kami pero ang ano nila dun sa Maskap at Puray , dun sa kaliwa, Sta. Ines , papunta dun sa kaliwa watershed. In SMART LAWIN, we attended training; we didn’t do the set up. B+WISER set it up in Puray and Maskap. We are there but their focus is in Maskap and Puray, and on the left side, Sta. Ines going to the Kaliwa Watershed.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration Sa NGP yan ano, wala naman siguro kasi successful naman yung NGP namin. Siguro yung mga grassing, nagpapastol ng mga hayop dun sa plantation. Hindi lahat ng tinatanim mo lumalaki at nabubuhay .Kasi lagging pinapastulan In NGP, I don’t think there was a problem because it was successful. Problems occur maybe in grazing area, to herd animals. Not everything you plant are growing because of grazing animals.  How did you solve these problems? Bawal kasi yung paggpapastol kaya, sasabihan yung may ari naglalagay kami ng billboards na bawal magpastol dito ng kalabaw. Then pagka meron pa rin sinasabihan ko yung may ari ng kalabaw na pagbalik ko dito at meron pa rin yan, dinadala ko sa barangay yung mga animals, pero pagpunta ko doon wala na. Pag wala ako nandun. To herd is prohibited so we asked the owner and we post signage that it is prohibited to herd carabaos. Then if ever the owner doesn’t listen, we bring the animals to the barangay.  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? Paano alisin yung mga hayop sa plantation, pagpapastol tapos yung pagpuputol , yung mga nag uuling sa loob ng plantation How to prohibit the animals in going to the plantation; cutting of trees; and those charcoal makers inside the plantation. Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management 273 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus? Meron lang kaming mgt plan, na para dito sa upper Marikina, iisa lang yun lahat nung nandun sinusunod namin, yung project namin nakaangkla doon. Kung ano yung nakalagay sa mgt plan yun yung iniimplement sa upper Marikina. We only have one management plan for Upper Marikina. We follow what is written, our project is anchored on it. Whatever written in the management plan, we implement them.  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans? Parang di ko alam, baka si Ma’am baka alam nia si mam Aida. Kasi yung B+WISER , meron na kaming mgt plan bago dumating ang B+WISER. Kasi bago kami nag start mgt plan muna ang ginawa nila. Ang nagconduct ng mgt plan ng upper Marikina AECOM e I don’t know, maybe ma’am Aida knows. We already have a management plan before B+WISER came. Before we started, we put up a management plan. AECOM did the Upper Marikina management plan.  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans? Ang hirap namang sumagot pag problem, baka si mam masasagot nia yan. Sa field kasi ako sa community. It’s hard to answer when it comes to problem, maybe ma’am Aida could answer it. I am assigned in the field.  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? Policy Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. Si mam { Aida }. Ako wala, di ko na experience It’s ma’am (Aida). I haven’t experienced it.  How useful are these guidelines and policies?  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? Wala naman po e di ko matandaan kung meron I don’t remember if we have.  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, Ok naman sya kasi, nakapokus kasi and B+WISER sa 2012 at 2011 sa NGP plantation namin, which is wala na kaming maintenance doon. Every area kasi may focal person. Dito sa pintong bukawe naka dalawang phase kami 1st & 2nd phase. Yung ibang area 1st phase lang sila kasi busy sila, yung mga focal person saka mga extension officer naging busy sila validation. In terms sa mga tanim namin maayos naman yung paglilinis ng mga 4Ps beneficiaries. Siyempre tuwang tuwa sila kasi mas malaki yung sweldo sa kanila yung 274 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES watershed, and PA areas. binabayad ng DSWD 274 something. Pag sa DENR kasi 250 daily. It’s pretty good because B+WISER focused on our 2012 and 2011 NGP plantation in which we do not have maintenance. In every area there’s a focal person. Here in Pintong Bukawe, we have 2 phases here, 1st and 2nd phase. The other area got only 1st phase because they’re too busy. Their focal person and extension officers get too busy with the validation. In term of planting, our 4ps beneficiaries perform well in cleaning. They’re happier because they get paid more from the DSWD provided, I guess around 274; In DENR it’s only 250 daily.  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. Yung B+WISER, DSWD 4Ps, yung coffee plantation ng LGU Marikina and DENR, coffee plantation na wala naman nangyayari. Pero meron naman syang natutulungan, 5 na laborers. Kasi nag hire sila ng labor para mamaintain yung kape, pero unfortunately dahil siguro sa walang study. Di naman lumalaki yung mga kape. B+WISER, DSWD 4Ps, the coffee plantation of LGU, Marikina and DENR. Nothing happens in the coffee plantation. But they’re able to help 5 laborers. They hired labors to maintain the coffee, but unfortunately since there was no conducted studies the coffee never grew as expected.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Oo, mahalaga yun na tulong. Yes, the help is important.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site? Sa area ko wala, San Mateo kasi ako. Puro training sila pero di ko alam. Ang lagi kasi naming kasama sa training PAMB members ng upper Marikina. Di ko maalala kung may academe. Basta PAMB lang mga mayor, brgy captains. In San Mateo, none. They conducted a lot of trainings but I don’t know. We always accompany PAMB members of Upper Marikina. I don’t remember if they have academe, but only the PAMB, Mayor, and Brgy. Captains.  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? Oo actually dun sa monitoring. Kasi kami ang nagmomonitor, ang DSWD nagbibigay ng sweldo tapos ang B+WISER, ano ang gagawin ng B+WISER. Sila yung naghanap ng partner yung DSWD tapos ang monitoring lahat kami, pati recording DENR. Sinasabi kasi nila technical assistance, ano yung technical assistance na yun na maipoprovide nila. Di ba ang technical assistance magmo monitor sila para pag may mali tuturuan nila yung mga tao. Sabagay sa reporting naman ako ang gumagawa ng report ine edit nila siguro technical assistance na yun. Yes, actually in monitoring. We do the monitoring, DSWD provide the salary, B+WISER got nothing to do. DSWD look for the partner then we are responsible for the entire monitoring even DENR recording. They say technical assistance, what kind of technical assistance they’ll provide? Technical assistance is like monitoring, whenever there’s a mistake they’ll correct the people. Anyway, I do the reporting, they edited it, maybe that’s what they called technical assistance.  How did you solve these problems? E di wala na lang kasi sabi nila yun daw yung nasa MOA. Implement na lang. I’ll say none. They say it’s in MOA, implementation only. 275 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Masyadong ano kasi yung proseso para makasweldo yung beneficiary, ang daming pagdadaanan. Manggagaling sa amin yung report, pupunta sa B+WISER ieedit, ibabalik ulit dito. Ipapapirma saka dadalhin sa DSWD. Ganun yung proseso, tapos ang tagal tagal, paano kung walang pipirma dito sa amin, di hihintayin ko, pagdating sa DSWD naman. Paano mapadali ang proseso. You’ll be having a hard in processing to get paid. The report come from us and then we’ll send it to the B+WISER and they’ll do some editing and then they’ll return it to us to sign then send to DSWD. That is the process, too long and too slow. What if no one will sign the papers here, I’m going to wait for it. In DSWD, how to make it fast. Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? Marami e puro sila training, di ko na matandaan. May ADR (alternative dispute resolution), SMART LAWIN. A lot of trainings. I can’t remember. ADR (alternative dispute resolution) and SMART LAWIN.  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? Oo minsan ako yung pinapadala pag walang available. Useful naman. Katulad nung sa ADR nagagamit namin sa field kung paano magresolve ng mga away away. Conflict dyan sa mga lupa lupa. Alam mo na ano gagawin mo kasi tinuro dun. Yung SMART LAWIN training din namin yun. Yes, sometimes I am being sent if there was unavailable. It’s useful, like in ADR we can use it in the field on how to resolve fights over lands. You know what you’re going to do because it has been taught. We also had trainings in SMART LAWIN.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area? B+WISER, wala e yun lang yung livelihood yung 4Ps na yun sa community sa ibang lugar siguro pero sa area ko wala. B+WISER, their livelihood is 4Ps in the community but in my area, none.  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women? Kababaihan naman ang umaattend pag livelihood. Nag training sila, dito sa Sapinit PO kasi ang tinap nila, mga PO lahat ang kinontak nila. Ganun din tungkol din sa environment ang project nila reforestation. Nakatap din sila sa PTFCF, yun yung magbibigay ng pondo sa mga livelihood. Pero sila ang nagcoconduct ng training. Almost women attended when it comes to livelihood. They had training here in Sapinit. They contacted the PO’s. Their topic is also about the environment, the reforestation. They were also tapped in PTFCF, they were the one providing funds to livelihood project. They also conducted trainings.  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? Wala naman akong nakikitang problema kasi dito sa area ko PO ang may problema, kasi di sila interesado. Dito sa Pintong Bukawe. I don’t see any problems in my area. The problem is with PO because they are not interested in here in Pintong Bukawe.  And how did you solve these problems? Sabi ko, bat di kayo nagpunta e maganda yun. Imbes na bibigyan kayo ng project e di wala na. Kasi nagtampo na yung B+WISER naghanap na ng ibang PO. Kasi di sila nagpunta. Pero sa ibang PO naman meron kasi nakakuha yata sila sa PTFCF ng pondo, parang 200 yun e. 276 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES As I have told them, “why didn’t you come, it’s good. B+WISER looked for another PO because you rejected the opportunity. But to the other PO they got something from PTFCF funds, I guess it’s 200.  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? Tanungin siguro yung mga PO, o mga kababaihan kung ano ang magandang itraining o kung ano ang gusto nilang matutunan. Hal. Livelihood e di itanong natin sa kanila kung ano ang gusto nila yung ang iprovide natin or magconduct tayo ng study kung ano ang pwede sa area na yun. Maybe we should have asked the PO’s and women for what is needed to be trained of or what do they like to learn more. For example, Livelihood. What do they want to provide with them or conduct a study of is needed in our area. Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way? Parang meron kasama ang PAMB. Oo siguro kasi additional information din dun sa pag implement namin sa PES sa upper Marikina I think PAMB has company. Yes, maybe an additional information for the PES implementation in Upper Marikina.  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound. Meron na kami, nagstart na kami dito sa baytangan, sa tourism. May entrance fee yung pagpunta don. Site visit lang yung nga bike trails, bikers. Yun nagbabayad sila 50 pesos. Iba iba yun e 50 pesos sa adult, sa bata 30. We already have. We’ve started here Baytangan, about tourism. There is an entrance fee when you go there. They pay 50 pesos for bike trails. 50 pesos for adult, 30 for a kid.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection? Oo, di ko alam e sila mam Aida ang nakakaalam magkano. Hindi pa sa ngayon, hindi pa sapat kasi nag uumpisa pa lang. Kasi kahit yung pasweldo wala pa Yes, ma’am Aida knows how much the fund is. Maybe not today, not yet enough because we’ve just started. Even the salary is zero.  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES? Ay oo marami dyan nagrereklamo mga bikers, kasi mataas daw. Nagkaroon kasi ng study noon, may nagstudy na consultant na ang gusto ng mga bikers 20 pesos, Meron po yung LGU San Mateo { political intervention } Those bikers complain, they say it’s expensive. There was a study before, that bikers would prefer 20 pesos only. Yes, LGU San Mateo (political intervention).  How did you solve these problems? Sila mam nagsosolve dyan pinag uusapan nila sa PAMB. It’s ma’am Aida’s who solved the problems together with the PAMB.  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? Pano matanggap ng mga tao, paano ma harmonize may partnership dapat dyan e .LGU, tenant saka yung claimant. How do people accept it. How to harmonize, they should have partnership. LGU, tenant and claimant. Support National REDD+ and GHGI Program 277 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain. Nagpatraining din sila ng ganyan. Umatend din kami PAMB din Di ko maalala kung nagconduct ng upper Marikina ng REDD+. Parang nagpatraining lang sila. Piniresent lang nila yung mga study nila sa ibang lugar na may REDD They also conducted the same trainings. We attended together with PAMB. I don’t remember if REDD+ conducted trainings in Upper Marikina. They only presented their studies to the places with REDD+.  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area. Oo kasama kami sa training. Ang may tinatanong sila tungkol sa upper Marikina. Di naman sila bumababa dun sa site, paano malalaman ng community yun. Yes, we joined the training. They have questions about Upper Marikina. They do not go down in site, how will the community would able to know that.  Did you participate in any of the GHG-related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area? Nag kasama dyan ay PAMB. Nainform lang yung kapitan, di ko alam kung yung kapitan naman ay itinuloy sa community Together with PAMB. The Captain was informed but I don’t if he shared it with the community.  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI-related activities? May problema, wala naman silang ibinabang REDD+ at GHGI dito, baka kailangan magcondct sila sa area.. Wala akong natatandaan, baka kung meron man baka general lang. Dapat per municipality, community para mas specific, mas maganda. There is a problem, they haven’t send REDD+ and GHGI here, maybe they need to conduct in the area. I don’t remember anything, if there something maybe in general. It should be per municipality, community as specified, much better.  How did you solve these problems? Kung kasama sa target namin pwedeng magrequest. Kasi may mga target din kaming ginagawa na galing sa taas na priority namin. If it is included in our target we are allowed to send request. We have targets from the upper that is our priority.  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI–related activities? Oo, may challenge din, kung paano maipaalam sa mga tao. Yes, there is. How to let people know. Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming- related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. Siyempre natuto yung mga kababaihan na pantay lang. Equality ng babae at lalake. Yung iba nalalaman nila yung iba taga bundok sila di nila nalalaman. Nagkaroon sila ng information Of course women learned the equality of men and women. Others would know but some from the mountains are not. They get information.  What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community? Nabawasan yung abuse. Lesser abuse  What are the problems you encountered in gender Maganda yun e, wala naman. 278 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES mainstreaming activities? It’s good so there’s no problem.  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? Paano magtuloy tuloy. How to continue it. Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? Sa B+WISER wala nga silang IEC aterials. Yung climate change na partner namin, pag may trainings ang dami nilang babasahin na tungkol sa buhay, sa climate change. Sa climate commission Pati reports nila makikita mo dun, pwede mong makuha kahit ilang copy. Yung B+WISER wala kaming nakikitang IEC. Yung sa gas emission. Sa EMB meron ring ganun dinidistribute sa community. Dapat after training, pag mga ganun dapat may pinamimigay na flyers tarpaulin, ididikit sa mga barangay. Partners namin ang PAMB, meron din. Effective yung mga ganun kasi pag may meeeting, may mga tao sa barangay mababasa nila, yung malalaki na dinidikit. Pag flyers, maliliit di nila pinapansin, itinatapon lang. Ako pag pumupunta ako sa barangay pag may nakadikit na ganun, babasahin mo. May mga barangay na walang ganun. In B+WISER, they don’t have IEC materials. Our climate change partner, if they have ongoing trainings they have a lot of readings to do regarding life, climate change. In Climate Commission even their reports you can able to view it, you can also have a copy of it. In B+WISER, we haven’t seen IEC, in gas emission. In EMB, they have the distribution in the community. They should have given flyers, tarpaulin or scattered posts to the barangay after training. Those are effective because if there are meetings the people in the barangay would able to see it, those big tarpaulins. For flyers, they will be able to throw it since these are small ones. There are barangays that do not have those kind of postage.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? Mahirap kasi magpaliwanag pag wala kang basis .Lalu na sa mga bundok pag wala kang visual at salita ka lang ng salita di nila maintindihan. It’s hard to explain without basis. Esp. people in the mountains, they wouldn’t understand it if you just keep talking so there should have a visual image.  How did you solve these problems? Palagay ko pag nagpatraining ang B+WISER dapat may mga ganun sila, mga IEC materials na ipapamigay sa community Kami gumagawa kami ng IEC materials , may mga flyers kami, pagka xmas meron kaming calendar yun yung inaano namin sa DENR I would suggest that if the B+WISER will conduct trainings they should have those IEC materials to be given to the community. We produce and distribute IEC materials.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? Sa mga barangay malalayo po yun sa mga bundok bundok, mga sitio, purok ganun, about 4 hours na maglalakad. 279 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Buwis buhay , saka sa ibang lugar pag gamit mo ay projector , walang kuryente In every barangay it’s very distant to the mountains, sitios, purok about 4 hours walk. It’s really hard. In other places if you’re about to use projectors, no electricity. Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? Parang wala akong matandaan na may research sila dito. Nagsite visit sila, yung mga boss nilang amerikano. Tapos training wala naman silang kinonduct na research. I don’t remember them conducting research here. They visit the site with their American bosses and training.  How useful are these R&D activities?  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. Nagmomonitor naman sila sa 4P’s, DSWD. Evaluation, kasama namin sila sa validation pala . yun lang may project sila. They monitored the 4Ps, DSWD. Evaluation and validation.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? Wala naman. Nothing.  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? Wala din. Yung validation ng 4P’s program. Kung monitoring & evaluation yun, dapat sila ang gumawa ng report. Kami na lang pipirma. Kami ang nagdadraft iniedit nila, tapos ibabalik. Kaya mahabang proseso matagal. Nothing. The validation of the 4Ps program. In term of monitoring and evaluation they should be the one doing the reports. We’ll be signing it. We were the one doing the draft and edited it then return it that’s why it’ll took so long. General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? Ok naman, may mga program sila na naiimplement na ok meron naman na hindi applicable dito sa amin. Tulad nung Smart Lawin di pa namin ginagamit dito. Di pa naimplement dito. Kailangan naman namin kaya may ginagamit na kaming sa DMSU, meron na kaming ginagamit na one one na dati .Yun pa rin yung inaadopt tapos .Di ko alam anong naging problema bakit hindi inaadopt .Kailangan ba may resolution o 280 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES MOA. Kasi nagtraining naman kami. It’s good, they have programs that have been implemented but there are that’s not applicable here. Like the Smart LAWIN, we haven’t tried it here, not yet implemented. We DMSU that is what we’re still adopting. I don’t know what is the problem about Smart Lawin. Do we need resolution or MOA because we have gone trainings.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. Yun lang ang nakikita ko yung 4P’s na yun kasi yun lang yung nagparticipate ako .Kasama yung mga communities other than that , di natuloy yung para sa mga kababaihan kasi di active yung PO, yung livelihood kasi PO yung target nila. 4Ps is what I have seen, because that is where I participated together with the communities. Since POs are not active, the livelihood project for women is postponed.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Siguro po kasi sinusundan naman nila yung sa work plan nila pero sa impact po di ko alam kung may impact bas a community. Maron siguro yung cash program lang, pero ang dami kasi nilang activity pero bakit parang hindi ramdam sa community. Meron kasing mga program na ramdam agad ng community kasi. May mga program kasi na alam agad ng community may impact agad sa para sa kanila pero itong B+WISER parang di nila pinapansin.Nagtataka ako dito sa B+WISER project sabi nila technical assistance lang sila , pag may project sila tinatap nila yung iba, katulad nun yung livelihood, tinatap nila PTFCF. Yung cash for work tinatap nila DSWD. Yun ba yung B+WISER pag may program sila naghahanap sila ng popondo sa magiging project nila. B+WISER di USAID maraming pera , bakit kailangan pa nilang itap ang iba para pondohan yung project nila. I guess so because they followed their work plan. But when it comes to the impact I don’t know if the community felt it. Maybe it has, the cash program but they have a lot of activities but I don’t know why it wasn’t felt by the community. There are programs that the community would know if there’s going to have an impact on them but this B+WISER they ignore it. I’m wondering about B+WISER, they say that they are only in technical assistance but whenever they have a project, they’re trying to tap the others. Like the livelihood, they tap the PTFCF. The cash for works, they tap the DSWD. Is that the B+WISER? Whenever they have a project they’re going to look for someone who will provide funds to them B+WISER is not USAID, they have a lot of money, why do they need to tap others to fund their project?  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Para sa akin, pag nagpa training implement agad sa field. Pag nagpatraining sila ng REDD+ siguro bumaba sila sa community. Magkaroon sila ng maraming IEC materials tungkol doon sa mga ginagawa nila. Maghire sila ng marami nilang field officer, para hindi kami ang palagi. Dapat meron ding silang field officer na nakatutok sa field, nakastay. May field office sila kasi ang layo sa Quezon city. Dapat meron silang field office o dun sila sa field office ng DENR nakatira. Para sila ang nakatututok at ng di sila puro utos. Email, download pakibigay sa ganito .So sa palagay ko kahit partner kami, technical assistance sila lagi nilang sinasabi na DENR ang nanghingi ng technical assistance sa USAID thru B+WISER. Dapat naka stay sila sa field. 281 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES For me if you are conducting training you should implement it on the ground as soon as possible. If they conducting REDD+ trainings they probably go down to the community. They may have a lot of IEC materials regarding their works. They should hire a lot of field officers so it’s not us always. They should have a field officer that is more focus on the field, stay in. They have an office far from Quezon City. They should have an officer living in DENR, so they are more focused than pointing others to do their jobs. They always say that the DENR was asking for the technical assistance in USAID thru B+WISER. They should stay in the field. Overall Project Implementation 282 10. MR. JOENEL SALINAS, Regional Provincial Coordinator, DSWD Name: Joenel Salinas Age: 46 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Bachelor of Science in Social Work Position in the Community (or Office): Regional Provincial Coordinator (Provincial Link) Others: Date of Interview: December 2, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: KII with Mr. Jeonel Salinas, Regional Coordinator (Provincial Link), Department of Social Welfare and Development, Region 4A, Alabang, Zapote Road, Munitinlupa City 283 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement Forest Restoration Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain.  How useful are these guidelines and policies?  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area?  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? Public Private Sector Partnership 284 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. Nagkaroon ng contract signing ang DSWD region 4A & B+WISER and DENR.Di ko matandaan kung June ba yun o July this year, and that’s the time I came across of the B+WISER. According dun sa MOA mag start sya kung ano po yung standard na tamang paraan ng reforestation program na yan, yun po yung sinunod namin. Since ang pinag usapan na po e yung implementation process, siyempre merong step by step yan. Una po yung nursery development and seedling production. May mga orientation, yun yung natatandaan ko. Nursery development and seedling production sumunod po yung ring weeding & mulching ang tawag nila. Ring weeding ibig sabihin lilinisan mo yung mga tanim na naitanim nung 2011. Kasi po nagkaroon na ng tree planting nung 2011. Binalikan po lahat yun at lininisan. So yun yung ring weeding.May technique nga, One time maraming nakaschedule ang B+WISER lahat kaya ako na ang nag orient. Kasi nakikita ko naman yung orientation. Nakikita ko naman kung papaano nila inoorient madali namang intindihin .According dun sa nakikita ko e ang isang worker ay kailangan linisan ang isang puno , tapos susukat ka ng 1 meter away from the puno, paikot. That’s ring weeding, lahat ng weeds na nandyan 1 meter away. Tatabasin mo. Mulching ibig sabihin lahat ng naputol ay icocover mo dun sa puno, illegal mo dun kasi magbibigay sya una ng warm dun sa puno plus new thread, pag nabulok. Per worker ang standard na kailangan nyang linisan for the day is 70 na puno. Yun yung inoorient pero previous to that ring weeding & mulching nauna pa yung nursery development. Kasi magtatanim ka rin muna There’s a contract signing between DSWD Region 4A, B+WISER and DENR in June or July this year and that’s the time I came across of the B+WISER. According to MOA, the standard way of reforestation should practice. We implement and follow the right procedure of the program. Since we talk about the implementation process, there are procedures, First is the Nursery development and seedling production The orientation is nursery development and seedling production, next project is ring weeding and mulching. Ring weeding means cleaning the planted trees last 2011. Mulching means covering the surface with another tree. Worker has a minimum of 70 trees per day that was the orientation should be. Nursery development comes first, you need to plant first.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Sa Tanay yung nursery establishment & seedling production meron kaming 100 workers, may breakdown ako dito per barangay. Sa Sta. Ines 56,Cayabo – 11, Tinucan – 14, Laiban- 10, Lumutan which part of Quezon -9, so 100. Generally maraming nabenepisyuhan itong project. In Tanay, the nursery establishment and seedling production have 100 workers, I have here the breakdown of every Barangays like in Sta Inez 56 workers, Tinucan 14, in Laiban 10, and in Lumutan which is part of Quezon has 9 workers. Generally in this project people received a lot of benefits. 285 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site? I think establishing partnership with DENR na ang purpose nito e magbigay, ibig kong sabihin pangalagaan ang kalikasan plus habang inaalagaan mo kumikita ka pa. Is a one way of helping them to have an income. Kahit sabihin mong 1day or 2 days lang yan at least kahit papaano nabigyan mo sila ng income. Ang partnership po namin is not only with DENR, meron pa po kaming DOLE, meron pa po kaming trabahong lansangan ng DPWH. Meron pa po kaming TESDA. Although bago po sila pumasok as partner namin siyempre may MOA po yun. Bina-validate din po namin kung yung pumasok na partner namin ay legal at talaga naman pong yung kanilang gawain at layunin ay di self serving kundi talagang gustong tumulong sa mga beneficiaries. Kung hindi naman sila pasok dun ay baka may iba silang purpose kaya tumutulong. Siyempre hindi rin namin ina allow yun na pumasok sa memorandum of agreement. Like for instance, hindi lang po kasi livelihood yan meron po kaming bininigay na tulong sa beneficiaries namin ang tinatawag namin ay family development session. Na kung saan para syang mother’s class, tinuturuan po ng ibat ibang values yung mga beneficiaries natin. Hindi lang sa pera ang gusto nating ibigay, even values po gusto nating ituro. Yung sa total implementation po ng project, pumapasok ang B+WISER, sa orientation phase kasi po technical assistance yung partnership. Kasi kami yung payment, technical assistance ang B+WISER saka DENR. Siyempre kasama din ako. Sa technical orientation ang role ng B+WISER Isa po yun sa kanilang counterpart para mabayaran yung mga ay ivalidate muna nila kung nasunod yung pinag usapan sa orientation phase I think the purpose of establishing partnership with DENR is to coordinate with them. I mean, while taking care of the environment they also need income to provide for their needs. We are also have partnerships with DOLE, TESDA and DPWH. Before we became partners, there’s MOA. The procedure is to validate the organization if they are legal and has an outstanding community service and non-irregularities associations. If they didn’t pass they couldn’t be in memorandum and agreement. Were not just offering livelihood program for the beneficiaries we also offer them family development session just like mother’s class. We taught the beneficiaries about the values not just to provide income. B+WISER comes for the total implementation of the project. In the orientation phase they include the technical assistance. We, DSWD are in-charge with the payment. The role of the B+WISER is in technical orientation. For the payment of their counterpart they have to validate first if everything has been followed what they have talked before in the orientation phase. 286 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? Obviously po yung payment, nasabi nio kanina, sa part po kasi ng DSWD napakarami po naming food for work, cash for work program, hindi lang po yung sa B+WISER. Napakarami po, so at million po ang pinag-uusapan. Bago nya bigyan ang B+WISER, kailangang iliquidate nya muna yung hawak nyang tseke. Yun po yung nakapagpapatagal. Pero yung money nandito lang. Wala pong problema sa existence ng pera. Ang problema lang kasi is kailangan talagang sumunod sa tamang proseso. Yung pagpasok at paglabas ng government na pera yun lang. San Jose, dahil dun nag start yung initial na ring weeding, siyempre pag umpisa nangangapa ka pa. Nai promise sa kanila na right after nung paglilinis e babayaran, katutubo kasi mga yan. E di naghintay nga yung katutubo, they use binilang wala pa rin. Ang nangyari nagreklamo sila sa NCIP. Nagulat din ang NCIP bakit may ganyang activity, di namin alam yan a, walang MOA. Nakipag meeting ngayon ang NCIP sa DSWD& B+WISER.. Ang point ko naman po sa amin kasi yung sa payment. Sa part nila especially DENR, dapat sila na yun. Ibig sabihin sila ang nag identify ng location, dapat sinigurado na rin nila na yung mga legalities tungkol dyan e naayos na. Bakit ngayon lang lumalabas na wala pala. Samantalang nag start yung activity nung 2011 pa. It was a big problem. Nagreklamo , miniting kami ng NCIP, inexpplain nila kung ano ang FPIC ( Free prior & Inform Consent) , law po yun e In DSWD part, we have provided a lot of food and cash for work not just in B+WISER. There is a lot of money involved. Before the DSWD lend money to B+WISER they have to liquidate first the cheque. The money is still here. We need to follow the procedures. In San Jose from where the initial ring weeding started, they promised the katutubo that they’ll be paid off after cleaning. They complain to the NCIP, which they were unaware of the activity without MOA. NCIP conversed with DSWD and B+WISER. In my part, the DSWD had the payment. The other said it should be the DENR, it means, when they identified the location. They should make sure that the legalities has been fixed and must be well documented by them. Why now? It seems that there was no documents/permit of the said project since it was started last 2011.  How did you solve these problems? Naayos naman po kaya lang, medyo na stop yung activity kasi kailangan munang ayusin The activity has been stopped for a while it needed to get organized properly.  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Capacity Development  What are the problems encountered in capacity building?  And how did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? Payment for Ecosystems Services 287 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way?  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection?  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs Mainstream Gender and Inclusion Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? Ang B+WISER meron pero sa sa DSWD parang wala po. The B+WISER have the IEC but DSWD I’m not sure, I think there was none.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? Research and Development Monitoring and Evaluation 288 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. Yun pong evaluation. Kasi po inivaluate din namin yung, yung output ng mga workers. In terms of monitoring we just rely on the report na ibinibigay ng DENR Sa orientation po kasi, for instance 30 yung workers na involve na magtatanim, hinati namin sila into 10, 10 groups. In every group merong team leader, so yung team leader po ang inorient namin na at the end of the day, bago umuwi yung team leader kailangan niyang icheck yung output ng bawat isa para ma ensure na nasunod. The evaluation. Because we evaluate the output of the workers. In terms of monitoring we just rely on the report given by the DENR. In orientation, for instance there are 30 workers involved in farming. We divided them into 10 in each group. In every group they have a team leader, they orient them at the end of the day. Before the team leader go home he needs to check the output of their work to ensure that rules has been followed.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? General Impressions 289 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? Maayos po silang kasama, minsan yung communication pero di naman sya masyadong nakaapekto General impression. Napaka unique na gawain for them. Tingin ko kasi personally, ito ay ginagawa ng DENR, pero it took another organization para gawin yung isang bagay na dapat sila ang gumagawa. Para gawin yun ng isang outside organization kagaya ng B+WISER. Para sa akin wow, masyado namang, alam nio yung degree ng involvement ng kagustuhan nilang mailagay sa tamang perspective yung ating kagubatan. Tuwang tuwa ako sa kanila. Pag sinabi kasing reforestation ang lagging pumapasok sa isip ko e tree planting. Bago pod nangyari ito, last year meron na kaming tree planting same partner namin yung DENR, ah PENRO sorry, sila din yung partner namin. So nung nakipag partner kami sa B+WISER na with DENR, PENRO pa rin same person kaya, same person pa rin yung nakasalamuha ko. So ito nga yung sinasabi ko na dapat kayo ang gumagawa nia, How come na it took another organization para gawin yan, para sa inyo, sa isip ko lang. At yung technical assistance na binigay ng B+WISER, kaya din yun, di na kailangan .Kasi po pag nandun kami sa kagubatan kakwentuhan ko yung mga forester, napakagaling nila. Sa aking personal na kaisipan expertise nio yan bakit kailangan pang kunin ng isang organization yung isang expertise na kayo ang nakakaalam , For an organization an gawin ang isang bagay na dapat ikaw ang gumagawa , sa akin napaka unique at napaka extra effort sa yo na gawin yun. The communication seems smooth sometimes there are lapses but it goes well. I was amazed by this organization to have this project. DENR should be the one to have this and to be prioritized by them, but we are also need others to make it possible too. Also they know what they really want, the right impression or perspective to our forest/environment. It feels good knowing them having this point of view. Last year we also had a project with DENR and PENRO, with the same person and agenda. And now, here’s another organization to take place in this project. Why? Maybe, this organization, B+WISER has the will and capability to push through this advocacy. I felt their outstanding work and effort when we conversed. How come that it took to have another organization to do that? And they don’t need the technical assistance that the B+WISER provided. Whenever I go to the forest I always have a talk with the foresters, they are good. For my personal opinion, It’s you expertise, why do you need to hire an organization when you know you have a knowledge about it.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER 290 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Yes on track sila. Very conscious sila na” uy Kevin may deadline tayo dyan, gawin mo na yan. basahin mo kung ano yung mga policies para di tayo magkamali Yes, they’re on track. They are very conscious to reach the deadline and prior to read all the policies so that they can do the right thing.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Ang karamihan sa source of income especially yung mga katutubo ay yung pag uuling, out from the trees na nandun. Sayang naman yung effort mo na nagtanim ka tapos yan naman e pinutol mo para sunugin. Pero sometimes, wala silang magawa kasi wala silang source of income e. Ano kaya ang pwedeng livelihood na pwedeng gawin. Charcoal making is their first priority to make a living. They plant trees so that they can produce charcoal. But, their wasting their effort and time for this just to have a little income from charcoal. What an alternative way to make a living? Overall Project Implementation 291 11. ENGR. MARIO CAYETANO, Provincial Government Environment and Natural Resources Officer, Rizal Provincial Capitol Name: Mario Cayetano / Ferdinand Mariano Age: 56 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering Position in the Community (or Office): Provincial Government Environment and Natural Resources Officer Others: Date of Interview: November 24, 2015 Place of Interview: Province of Antipolo Rizal (PGENRO Office) Time Started: 10:30 AM Time Ended: 11:24 AM INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? Yes, there has been a seminar regarding ordinance formulation law enforcement, ordinance formulation in terms of strengthening the biodiversity protection of protected areas and ecosystem the green. They are very useful we have very good resource speakers who are excellent in terms of Environmental law.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate. Yes, we are practicing it in the province. Sangguniang Panlalawigan formulated the plan called “ordinance 008” also called ordinance of Sangguniang Panlalawigan. The governor is the one who provides the support for this. We are not that involved here in the office because they direct orders to the lower levels. For now, we are training people here in Tanay for our Mining Forestry and activities for peace and order.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities In our office, we help in setting up checkpoints. We also patrol through the forest to give warnings to those who will be caught doing illegal activities.  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? We assign women as captains in the upland. They are trying their best to stop charcoal makers. They really enforcing 0 charcoal making and in solid management “KAPITANA” already filed the cases. In Tanay, our counterpart in MENRO already filed cases with the prosecutor.  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? None, only the municipal office formed the incentives of ELE.  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? Benefits of the Enforcers for instance, there should at-least be an insurance given to those who enforce the laws in the mountain.  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? Institutionalize ELE. The five towns which is under Rizal like Upper Marikina and KALIWA forest Reserve should be preserved. 292 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Peace and order, settlers in KALIWA forest, Insurgency or the uncontrolled inmigration of people in the upland to the protected areas. Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. Yes, but it was just established in the provincial property which is under the protected area. There we have projects which were requested by our governor with the concept of FMU. Yes, the concept of FMU is excellent I hope that this way of conserving the forest will be continuous.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. We have SMART but not LAWIN. I don’t know if Tanay already have it. I think they were able to attend trainings regarding LAWIN. The group of Roldan (field manager of B+WISER) already introduced our PSD’s in Tanay for the training.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration Same problem, there are no people in the area but we can see trees which were already cut￾down. It is very painful in our part because we keep on planting trees but they keep on stealing matured trees which can be turned to charcoal.  How did you solve these problems? By strict implementation of laws such as in Tanay. MENRO is doing their best to capture those who perform illegal activities. They always encounter conflicts with people in the mountain; it is really hard to implement the law.  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? There are still those who break the law if there are no enforcers around. They would still insist on cutting trees for their benefit. Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus? In our office, our personnel were the ones who were included with the preparation.  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans? None  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans? None  How did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? None Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. There was just an orientation which was put in to actual by FMU but we still are not drafting.  How useful are these guidelines and policies? When it comes to FMU, it is very useful because there is a big possibility of prosperity. Every compartment has its own use which is suitable for the province. 293 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? Environmental Code, all the environmental related policy is included there.  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance? Lack of man power, there are a lot of things that we implement but very few people work.  How did you solve these problems? Through deformation, all the things that we lack here in the office are provided by them.  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? None so far. Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas. I heard lately that B+WISER conducted a tree planting project and members of 4Ps were the ones who participated in it. They did this in Tanay, I knew this because I am also a member of the provincial adviser of “PANTAWID GUTOM” project.  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. Only PO’s and private sectors are involved, DENR is helping, they have jurisdiction in Upper Marikina, they coordinate thru PAMB.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes, costumers and companies who helped, if Manila Water will renovate the watershed, will benefit.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site? We had an Area Assessment in Sta. Ines. Introduction of SMART, to assist the status of biodiversity, patrolling the area and enhance what is needed to be enhanced. Aside from B+WISER, we do it with multi- barangay level with Brgy. Sta. Ines, San Mateo, Montalban, B+WISER and FFI (Flora and Fauna International).  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? None, they are very supportive when it comes to projects.  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in PPP? More participation of private sectors is needed. Actually, they are always invited to the project of the governor which is complementing with the effort of the DENR and to the project of private companies because these people claim that they are the ones who greatly contribute to the destruction of nature and also to be able to charge law enforcement services. Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your We do not have any involvement when it comes to livelihood. They would direct orders to the lower levels because we are for policy formulation ad that is the actual. 294 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES municipality/area?  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? Yes, in FMU. Yes useful for the biodiversity enhancement and establishment of patrolled area.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area? Like I said, we do not have an involvement when it comes to livelihood because they are directing it to the lower level.  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women? Not Applicable  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? None  And how did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? None Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way? Yes, the speakers in our training are from UPLB. But the topic about fund sourcing is not included in their talk.  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound. No  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection? No  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES? None  How did you solve these problems? Not applicable  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? None Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain. We don’t have that, I just heard that from Quezon.  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area. None  Did you participate in any of the GHG-related trainings or None 295 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area?  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI-related activities? None  How did you solve these problems? Not application  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI– related activities? None Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming- related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. We are not doing any activity regarding that. We just attended seminars.  What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community? None  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities? None  How did you solve these problems? Not applicable  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? None Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? There are no specific materials which was made by the B+WISER, some came from DENR,I was able to read some during the PAMB summit.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? None  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? None Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? We attended trainings but we are still not doing it in actual.  How useful are these R&D activities? Not Applicable  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process? Not Applicable  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D? None 296 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? None Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. None, we are still in the orientation of the operation of LAWIN. There was a Species Evaluation in Brgy. Cayabu 2 months ago.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? Not Applicable  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? Not Applicable General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? The knowledge which was imparted to us is very useful. They really encouraged POs and NGOs to participate.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. We can’t measure the impact from here because the real impact can be seen in the barangays.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. I know that they started here with GSA that was last February 2014. That was the time I met Sir Dugay and B+WISER became active here in Rizal later on.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Always coordinate with the office. Even if we are not involved with the projects we still need to gather information for the documentation. B+WISER should give a project regarding concrete assistance infrastructure and livelihood. They should also try this in Antipolo. Overall Project Implementation From the scale of 1 to 10 wherein 1 is the lowest and 10 is the highest, I’ll rate them between 7 and 8 because they are implementing their project based on their plan. 297 12. ENGR. CARLOS INOFRE, Jr. Municipal Environmet and Natural Resources Officer, Municipality of Tanay, Rizal Name: Carlos Inofre Jr. Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Bachelor of Science in Engineering Position in the Community (or Office): Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Officer (MENRO) Others: Date of Interview: November 25, 2015 Place of Interview: Municipal Hall of Tanay Rizal ( Office of MENRO) Time Started: 9:33 AM Time Ended: 10:39 AM INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? Yes, MENRO is very much involved with DENR, it helped a lot in terms of capacity building (particularly in environmental laws; RA 9705), it capacitated our group and we were able to bring many cases in court which is now on going. We saw that the essence of the training is very applicable especially in Tanay, the intervention is very effective. Our knowledge about ELE was strengthen and enhanced and we were able to adapt all of it.  What can you say about the conduct of environmental law enforcement (ELE) advocated by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/province? Were you able to enforce them? Any case of confiscation of illegally collected/harvested forest products or apprehension of environmental law violators? Please elaborate. Very much effective, it capacitated our team. We are very committed because of the B+WISER Project. Yes, based on our record we have many cases of confiscations and illegal activities such as cutting of forest materials and charcoal making. All the knowledge we learned from the training provided by the B+WISER Project. Tanay has a lot of projects but B+WISER is the head of these projects.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate. We still do not have an enforcement plan. Kaliwa watershed and Upper Marikina is part of PAMB and they have an enforcement plan, this mandated by laws is what we follow. Office mandated, the annual plans are basically in place already. Manpower and the fund come from LGU. Our focus is on National Laws act 9175 or the wildlife Act. If there are any apprehensions we bring it straight to the fiscal  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities Yes, what we did was there are assets in barangay levels and they are the ones who are active in terms of accurate delivery of information. This way is very effective.  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? Yes, they act as our agents and we noticed that there is a dominant number of women and they are much concerned with the environment maybe because they are the ones who are affected. There are a lot of women in our record in terms of information sharing.  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? Yes, but we give it directly but not in form of cash, give them some for their load or sometimes we buy seeds from them or we hire them as forest rangers. They are encouraged but I think even if we 298 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? don’t give these incentives, they very much have the initiative and willingness to move.  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? My problem is DENR. Under the law, it is ok to make charcoal. It is not prohibited if you have a land title. If you have a title, you have the right to do what you want. For instance, if you planted something and it’s season of harvesting, it’s ok to harvest but you need to have a permit. They are inspecting the quantity of charcoal to be made. The permit is only used to make chopping down of trees legal. However, if you go to the area, the people cannot present any permit. The provision on permits is good but it is not implemented by DENR. There has been a talk between DENR and LGU about the improper use of permit.  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? Transparency, the DENR, LGU, PNP, Philippine Army and Private sector should compose a team so that not only one person can be approached and to avoid corruption , especially PNP. If the culture is ok with the police, everything is ok.  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Bad relationship with DENR. DENR was the one who was caught doing violations. It is allowing illegal cutting of forest materials. Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. Based on what we studied but the one which is relative to FMU, we turned it into “Reforest Tanay Program” and we had a fund rising called “Alay Lakad sa Kalikasan at Kinabukasan”. This is what we use every year to buy seedlings. They get at least 100 to 200 thousand from the fund raising.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. Yes, very effective tools. The system is faster and applicable.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration Our problem is the IPs and their practice called “kaingin”. They claim that the forest is their ancestral domain and that they have the right to do what they want.  How did you solve these problems? The Mayor and I teamed up to divert the mind setting of the IPs in terms of their livelihood. Before they make charcoals but now they serve as tour guides of Tanay.  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? Conflict between the law and existing forest law, harmonizing the IPs and more funding. Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. FMU is just formulated with the help of DENR and B+WISER. Aside from 2 watersheds, we have Masunaric area developing this local protected area. 299 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  How useful are these guidelines and policies? Proper implementation, mind setting of Tanay that cutting down of trees shouldn’t be done wantonly and political jurisdiction.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? We are anchored on the National laws. The laws are downloadable in the internet.  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance? None so far, they are properly implemented.  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? Low budget, we do not have sufficient budget. It will be better if there will be partnerships and checkpoints in the protected areas. Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas. All I know is that there is Cash for Works. There were tree planting activities in Barangay Sta. Ines and Barangay Lumutan and construction of nurseries which was funded by DSWD.  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. Tree planting.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes of course, we have a partnership with private sectors. We have fund raising in Tanay every 3rd Saturday. The income which will come from the fund raising will be given to the community. This will also help improve the protection of the forest.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site? The partnership supported the Bantay Kalikasan and Bantay Gubat. They provide logistical requirements and technical know-hows. We whole heartedly implement the B+WISER Project.  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? No Problem  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Sustainability. 300 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? B+WISER is one of the providers, it helps and gives a lot. Mostly environmental law enforcement, regarding laws and FMU trainings.  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? Yes, we are very involved. We were refreshed. We are currently applying all that we learned from the training.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area? None  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women? None, they are still in the process of making a project proposal. They are making a project proposal which is for women. Trainings which is specifically for women. There are practical trainings and capacity buildings and 10 day cash for works.  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? Attendance rate, sometimes those who are invited did not show up.  And how did you solve these problems? Coordination with B+WISER. We discovered that people cannot attend the trainings because of its location so we should provide transportation for them.  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? None so far. Payment for Ecosystems Services Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming-related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. Integrated in training regarding gender, there is also human sector. This is very useful, the trainings were integrated, and it already follows new trends. There is gender equality.  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities? None, trainings given by B+WISER are always fun. They are really prepared for every training.  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in gender Implementation, like how to implement stakeholders. 301 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES mainstreaming? Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? The mind setting of the people, we are serious when it comes to violators. We really put them on jail. The Mayor and I really take the risk. We put up tarpaulins and hotlines. Only Tanay has the guts to capture violators. It is very effective.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? Our problem is the IPs and their culture, IPRA Law against the National Law. We experience problems with the signal up in the mountain so when we go down, that is the only time we receive text messages about illegal activities.  How did you solve these problems? Very diplomatic approach to harmonize the IPs.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? Fund coming from the government is not sufficient especially in my office. Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? We didn’t give much attention to it but Tanay has much initiative and it has an existing old technology.  How useful are these R&D activities? Not Applicable  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process? Not Applicable  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D? None  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? None Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. SMART LAWIN, operation and the Environment Law enforcement activities monitoring including the results.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? Sometimes, our geographical location has no signal so the transmissions of reports are very slow. The confiscations are not immediately reported but at least the Environmental Law Enforcement is implemented.  How did you solve these problems? We are negotiating with the court if we could submit pictures as evidence for the mean time. The important thing is that we are doing something about it because credibility is important.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? Reporting System, because the IPs have a different interpretation because communication gap exists. We need to focus on IPs. 302 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? Projects of B+WISER are very useful.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. SMART LAWIN had a great impact because it enhanced and made the system faster. We were enhanced with the Environmental Law Enforcement trainings.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Yes, so far they are reporting what they have accomplished.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? They are doing well, I hope that the partnership of B+WISER is continued because there is technical support. Overall Project Implementation From the scale of 1 to 10 wherein 1 is the lowest and 10 is the highest I will rate B+WISER 8 because they provided all the information which is needed and necessary in terms of capacity building. They also provided personal protective equipment such as 1 unit GPS, 20 units Rain coats and 20 units Rain boat. 303 13. MS. MARY JEAN A. ALMENTADO, Environment Specialist II, MENRO, Municipality of General Nakar, Quezon Name: Mary Jane A. Almentado Age: 32 Sex: Female Educational Attainment: College Graduate Position in the Community (or Office): Environment Specialist Others: Date of Interview: Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: KII with Jean Almentado, Gen. Nakar, Quezon 304 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? Opo actually, kasama din kami sa pagpafacilitate nung nagpatraining kami ng barangay law enforcement team. Kasi po yung Lumutan sila yung wala pa, pero dahil nga sa B+WISER nagkaroon ng BLET sa Lumutan. Last April nagkaroon dun ng training. Hindi po ako yung nakarating dun sa training. Tapos yung counterpart naman namin nagpadala kami ng uniform lang ang kaya namin sa bahagi ng LGU yun lang po. Yes, actually we were involved in the facilitation in Barangay Law Enforcement team trainings and last April because of the trainings offered from B+WISER, the Brgy. Lumutan have now a BLET or Barangay Law Enforcement Team, since I wasn’t able to attend the trainings our counterpart had given uniforms to BLET.  What can you say about the conduct of environmental law enforcement (ELE) advocated by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/province? Were you able to enforce them? Any case of confiscation of illegally collected/harvested forest products or apprehension of environmental law violators? Please elaborate. Yung tulong nila sa amin, unang una yung lumutan ay malayong barangay, Yung pangangalaga sa kagubatan doon sila na yung nakatutok, tapos parang ibinabato, mga pangyayari doon inirereport lang sa amin saka sa DENR. So napakalaki yung tulong. Kung sa bahagi namin kumuha kami ng volunteer na may honorarium, pero konti lang yung honorarium, P500 lang yung isang buwan, bale ang ano lang dun dadalawa pati yung nakuha namin na may honorarium, dahil sa bawat barangay, dalawa lang yung pinipili namin.Yun lang yung naibigay namin tapos yung jacket na ibinigay namin during training. Halos karamihan talaga B+WISER talaga yung ng ano ng ibang gamit pero about sa environmental law at sa implementation, malaking bahagi talaga yung nagkaroon doon ng BLET. Yung mga illegal activities doon halos karamihan dahil talaga namang total log ban, halos yung ano lang kaingin, tas konting pag uuling yung mga gamit lang pero di naman kagaya dati talaga na yung Lumutan ay marami dati doon mga nagkakaingin, pero mula nung nagkaroon ng total log ban 2011parang medyo di naman masabi na wala na talaga, meron talaga yung gamit lang sa bahay.Pero yun talagang pangbenta, wala na hindi na gaano. The first help we’ve got is for Brgy. Lumutan since it’s a distant community, when it comes to the restoration of the forest they were the one focus. They were informing us and the DENR in everything that happens, It’s really a big help.In terms of LGU, we got volunteers with honorarium of Php 500.00 every month. We took 2 volunteers for every barangays and had given jackets for the trainees. But it’s B+WISER who really provided the other things. About the Environmental Law and implementations, BLET has done a big part to the barangays. All the illegal activities were almost total log ban. But not like before most of the people in brgy Lumutan use to earn a living in “kaingin”. But when they implemented the total log ban last 2011, we cannot say that there was none, some made furnitures for their homes but for selling, I guess it’s in almost zero state. 305 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate. Bahagi ng sa FLUP (forest land use plan ) namin , pinasok namin doon yung barangay law enforcement kasama ng barangay forest protection plan, kasi yung buong barangay namin di nagkaroon ng plan inadopt , binigyan din namin sila ng isang plano sa barangay na may nakaangkla din doon na parang enforcement tapos nakaangkla din doon yung pagbubuo ng sa bawat isang ng barangay enforcement team na sila yung mangunguna sa pangangalaga sa kalikasan o kagubatan sa bawat barangay. May kinuha kaming consultant Ang kapartner namin dun ang HARIBON. Nagbigay sila ng technical at financial assistance halos hati rin kami. LGU saka HARIBON Halos kapartner naman kami ng DENR, halos sa confiscation kasama kami lalu na yung malalapit dito, tatawag si CENRO, o MENRO may ganun, alin man sa aming 2 yung sumasama sa mga ganung confiscation. Part of our FLUP (Forest Land and Use Plan) were Barangay Law Enforcement and Barangay Forest Protection plan. We have given them a plan in the Barangay like Enforcement.) We asked for a consultant We are in partnership with HARIBON, they provided the technical and financial assistance, though in fact we shared haft of it. LGU and HARIBON Note : they have a copy of the FLUP LGU and DENR are almost partners, almost in terms of confiscation nearby we are involved for example, CENRO or MENRO will ask for our participation.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities Halimbawa sa monitoring pero karamihan mula nung magka BLET kami less na yung aming pagmomonitor sa bawat baranga, parang nakapartner na namin yung BLET. Sila yung nagtetxt o binabato sa amin minsan kay CENRO, may lalabas po na kahoy ganun, mga nagpuputol po yun pupuntahan namin. Sila na yung halos nakatutok na sa community. Example in monitoring, since we already have BLET, we monitor the Barangay’s lesser, it’s like we have partnership with BLET. They were the one informing us or CENRO if someone will go out or someone do illegal logging then we will perform legal actions. BLET is the one focus in the community. 306 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? Medyo pero yung talagang tutok sa amin yung BLET namin. Yung nabuo mula sa FLUP yung barangay law enforcement team.Pero yung kababaihan, may BLET din kaming kaunti na babae pero di talaga ganun nakatutok. Minsan minsan sila mismo yung nagkukumpiska talaga sila yung humaharang pag may mga nangyayari , halimbawa may nagkakaingin, sila yung pumupunta tapos pag di na nila kaya saka lang ibinabato sa amin, halimbawa di na nila mapatigil saka lang nila kami pinupuntahan Yung mga BLET naming mga kababaihan, isa pa rin na ano nila yung pakikipag partner nila dun sa kinipan. Yung parang dati sila e mga forest dependent, kung baga yung mga asawa nila pinupursige nilang magkahoy kayo magkahoy kayo. Pero magmula nga nung nagkaroon ng log ban tapos parang inano din namin yung mga tao na di naman kailangan na sa gubat lang aasa.So yung mga kababaihan parang natuto ng magtanim ng mga herbal, tapos binebenta dito sa kinipan. Parang naging daan sila para mabawasan talaga yung illegal activities dun sa kagubatan. A little, BLET was formed from FLUP. We also have women from BLET but they act less. Sometimes, they were the ones confiscating or approaching illegal loggers but when they can’t do it, it is the time they will ask for LGU’s assistance. Our BLET women make partnership with “KINIPAN”. Husband from their families pursued from their wives to depend on forest. But when the log ban implemented they thought that it is not necessary to depend on the forest and so some women learn to plant herbals and try to sell it in “KINIPAN”.  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? Oo honorarium, tapos halimbawa binibigyan namin sila ng flashlight, yun mga gamit nila, mga bota, ng jacket ng kapote mga ganun gamit nila LGU, MENRO office, so yung budget namin may allotted kami lagi sa BLET namin para sa honorarium, incentive nila sa bawat barangay yun. 500 a month lang yung honorarium namin.Dati ay 700 pero dahil dumating yung maraming gustong maging BLET siyempre gusto naman nila e di tinanggap namin kaya hanggang naging 500 para mabigyan lang namin lahat ng honorarium, tapos yung mga uniform nila kami yung nagbibigay sa kanila, tapos sila din yung priority namin kapag may mga project na nanggagaling sa DENR, yung mga NGP project, yung pagtatanim sila yung kinukuha namin.Sila ang pina priority namin kasi sila yung nakakatulong namin sa pangangalaga, tapos pag mamimigay kami ng seedlings, una naming tinitignan, yung mga listahan ng BLET. O ito muna ang ipapriority nating bigyan Maganda yung impact, unang una para active sila. Nung wala pang honorarium na ganyan mahirap magmeeting. Bale every 2 months may meeting kami dito lahat ng BLET. Nung nagkaroon ng honorarium parang pamasahe nila dahil malalayo talaga yung barangay, sumipag naman silang umatend ng meeting .Nabigyan namin yung ibang leaders sa barangay ng BLET ng mga cell phone para makakapag txt. Dati may load e kaso di na kaya ng budget 307 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Yes. An honorarium, we provide the flashlight things like that “bota”, raincoat etc. From LGU and MENRO, from our allotted budget we provide the Php500.00 honorarium for BLET per Barangay’s, before it was Php700.00 but since most wants to join BLET we accept them but with Php200.00 less so, everyone can join. We have given them uniforms. Since they’re helping us in restoring the forest, they are our priorities in everthing they need. We provided seedlings based on BLET lists. Somehow, the result is good, they became active. Before it has been hard to call up a meeting. Every 2 months we get to meet all the BLET. The honorarium they get, they use it for transportation since every Barangay’s are miles apart. They’re responsible in attending meetings. Most BLET leaders were given cellphones to communicate with us. Before we also tried to provide them loads but not anymore.  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? Pagdating sa enforcement di na ganun kahirap magmula nung may nakatuwang kami, medyo ok naman yung enforcement dito. Hindi pa rin namin masabi na zero na talaga, may nagpuputol pa rin. Di kami tumitigil sa pag IEC, kapartner namin ang CENRO, lagi kaming may IEC, pag di kasama ang CENRO minsan kami lang sa office halos buwan buwan nasa area kami. IEC, tungkol sa impact natin, climate change na nararanasan. Walang tigil talagang pagpapaalala. When it comes to enforcement it is not so hard anymore since we have company to help us. But we cannot say it’s in zero state, there are still some illegal logging. We do not stop from IEC, if CENRO can’t join us we go to the offices, mostly every month we are in the area. IEC, regarding climate change, impact, non-stop reminders.  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? Unang una sinasabi ng mga tao kulang talaga sila sa hanapbuhay, kaya hanapbuhay kasi kailangan din naman nila ng hanapbuhay. Kaya siguro yun yung nagiging hadlang para hindi pa rin 100 percent yung pangangalaga. Meron pa rin na pailan ilan na di pa rin nakakasunod. Kulang at kulang pa rin ang kanilang hanapbuhay lalut nasanay sila na sa gubat umaasa. Yung iba kulang pa rin sa kaalaman na ganito ang mangyayari. Hindi nila alam yung impact, kulang pa yung kanilang kaalaman First, people say mostly they are unemployed, it is somehow a barrier why we can’t reach the 100% rate of forest restoration because they need it since they get used to earn a living from the forest. And so they are blinded to what is the impact.  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Unang una yung sa tao lalu na yung iba na nasanay, medyo mahirap talaga na pilipitin na itama ang kanilang landas. Di naman kami napapagod, Lagi pa rin kaming nagpapa alala. Saka kailangang mabigyan natin ng suporta yung community, dahil yun ang kulang. First, to the people, it is hard to push them to the right path since they get used to it. We are not yet tired, we continue to remind them every now and then. And we need to give the community the support their 308 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES lacking of. Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. Bahagi ng FLUP namin yung magkaroon ng forest mgt. unit pero parang di siya nafocus, nafocus kami sa FLUP steering committee. Sila yung tutok sa mga problema, sila yung mag uusap usap. Bale multi stakeholder ito may NGO, may PO’s, may galing sa national, ibat ibang ahensya yung pinagkuhanan ng FLUP steering committee. Pero sila din yung nandito sa local na pamahalaan, pero may involve na DENR national Part of our FLUP is to have forest management unit, but we focus more on FLUP steering committee. They’re the most focus on the problems. It is a multi stakeholder, it has an NGO, PO’s, from national. They’re also have for local municipality but there’s a DENR national involve.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. Yun palang FLUP tapos yung dati sa HARIBON project. Dun sila nkatutok yung B+WISER sa Lumutan. Dito sa baba yung dati pa rin yung tulong sa HARIBON, pero may mga ano rin yun sa DENR, PAMB, BMB dating PAWB, protected area and wildlife bureau. FLUP and then before the HARIBON project. B+WISER is more focused in Brgy. Lumutan, here in the lower part, still a help from HARIBON, but we also have from DENR, PAMB, BMB former PAWB (Protected Area and Wildlife Bureau.)  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration Ngayon po sa bahagi ng DENR parang wala naman From the part of DENR I believe none.  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? Sobra lalu na po dito sa amin sa nakar na halos 94 % ay forest land , napakalaking challenge, tapos ilan lang po kaming staff dito sa MENRO. Dadalawa po kaming forester dito A lot mostly here in Gen. Nakar, almost 94% is forest land, a huge challenge, we’re only few here in MENRO and just 2 Foresters. Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines Nakakasama sa bahagi ng pagbuo dito, yung mga municipal ordinance, municipal resolution 309 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. I have an involvement like municipal ordinance, municipal resolution.  How useful are these guidelines and policies? Mula nung makapasok ako dito , pagdating sa policy sa environment ,may mga polisiya na di sakto dun sa pag iimplement ,mabagal yung implementation Eversince I got here, when it comes to policies that do not fit to the implementation, this results in slow implementation.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? Marami po dito mga environmental resolutions. Yung pinakabago yung implementation ng forest land use plan namin. There’s a lot of environmental resolutions. The newest is the implementation of forest land use plan.  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance? Siguro di naman na kailangan ng maraming policy, sakto na yung mga naunang policy, implementation na lang, ang medyo kailangan pa ng dagdag pang ngipin. I think there’s no need of addition of policies, the forms policies are fine, I guess the implementation that is in need of few more teeth.  How did you solve these problems? Malaman nila yung problema para sa implementation ng batas malaman mo na hindi lang dito, kailangan ang community nakipag participate. For them to know the problem for the implementation of law that it does not end here, we need the cooperation of every communities.  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? Siguro hindi lang sa bahagi namin, kailangan mula sa community, yung relationship sa community, sa buong barangay na talaga. I guess not just in our part, from the whole community, the whole Barangay. Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas. 4P’s oo, kailangan talaga yung 4P’s yung makiparticipate sa pangangalaga sa kalikasan o sa kapaligiran. Pero dito sa B+WISER, di ko sure kung yung mga nakuha sa 4P’s, yung mga enforcement namin, mga volunteer namin, di ko alam kung sila e bahagi ng 4P’s. Yes, it’s 4P’s. B+WISER needs the DSWD’s 4P’s for their participation to guard the nature. But in B+WISER I am not sure of what does it benefit to the 4P’s. I’m not sure if the enforcement and the volunteers are part of the 4P’s.  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes 310 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site? Yung sa B+WISER nga, yung sa Haribon namin, tapos yung sa UPLB, yung sa agri forestry. May project dito ang UPLB kapartner yung eco peace Asia. Before, narito din ang Bureau of labor, narito rin po sila, kapartner rin po namin sila, agro forestry din po sila. Di ko alam kung kapartner sila ng Flora & Fona international. Hindi talaga ako masyadong tutok sa project ng B+WISER dun sa Lumutan, kaya hindi ako masyadong nagpupunta. Ni minsan di ako naka attend ng meeting o training nila. Laging minsan si MENRO at yung iba naming staff Ang alam ko sa FFI sila nagbigay ng financial.Flora and Fona international. Yung flora ay plants, yung fona po ay animals. Parang nagbigay din sila sa Haribon. Financial & technical. Sa barangay nagbigay din sila ng financial. Nung nakaraan nagdistribute sila ng mga gadgets From B+WISER, our HARIBON and then the UPLB Agri forestry, UPLB has a project together with Eco Peace Asia. Before we have partnership with Bureau of Labor, Agri forestry. Im not sure if they’re partners with Flora and Fona International. Since im not focusing on B+WISER project in Brgy. Lumutan, I don’t go there often, I never attended any meetings or trainings either. More often its MENRO and the other staff. From what I knew they gave financial support to FFI Flora and Fauna International, Flora came from plants and Fauna from the animals I think they also gave HARIBON financial and technical support to the Barangay they gave financial and distributed gadgets.  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? Wala naman kaming masyadong naeencounter na problema. We don’t encounter much problem.  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Isa palang dito yung sa public private partnership ay yung kagaya nung sa Dam. Yun yung challenge dun, yung iba against talaga sa pagtatayo. Kasi yung sa dam ay sakop ng protected area, pero itatayo sya dun. Marami yung ibang community kailangang ilipat. So yung conflict dun sa community, sa mga naninirahan dun. Ano yung kabuhayan nila, tapos yung takot din sila sa epekto nun. Unang una baka daw mawash out. One of these is the public private partnership like in a dam that is the challenge. Most people are against of building it. A conflict to the communities from their homes to their means living and they’re afraid of the effect of being washed out. Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? Dito sa amin training. Trainings here.  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? Actually, di pa ako talaga nakaka attend, minsan si MENRO nakaka attend ng training, mga seminar 311 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES I haven’t attended trainings and seminars, MENRO does.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area? Di ko sigurado yung sa FFI, kung sila din yung nagpondo dun sa mga katutubo .Yung honey processing. Yun lang ang tanda ko, pero itong sa Lumutan di ko lang alam kung may ibinigay na silang livelihood, support sa community. Im not sure if FFI financed the “Katutubo” as I’ve remembered they financed, the honey processing but Brgy. Lumutan. I don’t know if they have already supported the community, for example about livelihood.  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women? Sa processing, parang kasama din yung sa babae sa collection, tapos sa processing mga kababaihan. Pero di ako sure kung B+WISER ang nagbigay ng pondo sa FFI. Yung trainings, I think related ay sa environmental policy, Di ko sure kung yun e may related sa livelihood. About 10% ang women. Women do processing, Im not sure if B+WISER financed FFI. In training, I think it is related to environmental policies, im not sure if it related to livelihood. About 10% of women.  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? Note: si MENRO ang nakakaalam It’s MENRO, who knew it all.  And how did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? Payment for Ecosystems Services Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming-related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. Dito sa aming area, hindi yung sa project ng B+WISER.Meron po kami dito, sa LGU Di ko makita yung kanilang pag iimplement ng project nila dahil sa isang barangay lang talaga e. Di ko masabi kung useful ba doon. Honestly speaking di talaga ako umatend ni minsan ng training ng meeting, kaya di ko masagot. Here in our area not in the B+WISER project, we have here in LGU. I haven’t seen any implementation from their project, I can’t say if it is useful. Honestly speaking I can’t answer if since I never attented any meetings. 312 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? Yung sa B+WISER, sila talaga, IEC daw sila focus dun .Pero dito sa bahagi namin, IEC din talaga kami sa bawat community. Lahat ng related sa environment. IEC.interview, FGD ganun. May sarili ding IEC ang LGU. In B+WISER, it’s them who focused on IEC. But in our part, we also do IEC in each community, everything related to environment, IEC, FGD. LGU has its own IEC.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? Yung sa communication, unang una medyo mabilis yung pagpapadala namin ng sulat. Halimbawa magkakaroon kami ng IEC halimbawa 2 days before. Dapat pag ganun kalalayo mga 1 week or 2 weeks na malalaman ng community para may makadalo. Pag di mo agad napasabihan, minsan mag IEC ka 10 lang sa isang barangay. Kaya dapat yung communication mo dapat laging advance yun. Sa layo. Pagsangahan, yung sitio dun kailangan mong lumakad ng 24 kilometers bago ka makarating sa proper. Ganun din sa Lumutan, maglalakad ka mula dun sa upper, baba ka sa lower at yun yung maraming bahayan. Halos maghapon na lakad. Kaya kailangan po yung letter talaga tapos yung hindi pa yung bahayan nila. Minsan nasa loob pa mismo ng gubat, kaya kailangan laging advance copy yung invitation. Walang signal sa Lumutan, karamihan walang signal. In communication, firstly we sent letters as fast as we can. For example, we’re going to have IEC for like 2 days before, we make sure that 1 week or 2 weeks the community will receive the invitation so they’re able to attend. If we wouldn’t able to advise them there will only be 10 people attending IEC barangay. So we suggest that the communication is sent in advance because if long distance in Sitio and Pangsanghan, you have to walk 24 kilometers before you can reach the proper same as Brgy. Lumutan, you need to walk from the upper then go to lower, almost a day walk. That’s why they need an advance invitation and mostly np coverage in Brgy. Lumutan.  How did you solve these problems? Advance notice. Send advance notice.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? Same sa problem yung layo. Same problem. The distance. 313 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? Di ko lang sure talaga yung sa FFI, parang nag ano sila ng tungkol sa research nila sa REDD+. Dahil nakaano din nila yung B+WISER sa REDD+. Kaso ibang NGO naman ang humawak ng REDD+ Im not really sure about FFI. Looks like they do something on research on REDD+. But other NGO is handling research on REDD+  How useful are these R&D activities? Malaki yung bahagi lalu na sa LGU. Pag may mga research kasi sila, pinapaabot sa amin yung resulta ng pag aaral nila. Binibigyan kami ng kopya. Maganda, lalu na napapahatid naman namin sa community. Kung baga nalalaman nila, kungbaga nagiging bukas yung kanilang kaisipan. Nadadagdagan pa yung kanilang kaalaman. R and D have done big part especially in LGU. Whenever they conducted researches, they gave us the copy of their work results, its good since we’re able to send it to the communities aside from being open minded they gain knowledge.  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process? Halos pareho rin lang naman It’s almost the same.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D? Kapag sa research, lalu na sa community tapos may mga IP’s? Karamihan ng mga barangay dyan may mga IP’s, hirap silang makapasok, hirap kumuha ng papel sa NCIP. Parang natatagalan yung process dun. Yun yung sinasabi ng mga nakakapartner naming NGO. Parang ang hirap daw kukuha ng papel pagdating sa NCIP tapos di ka naman makakapasok basta basta, dadalihin ka nila ng IPRA law nila In terms of reaserch, most of the communities they have IP’s they have hard time getting papers from NCIP, that is what our NGO partners learned. Since you’re having hard time getting papers as well as getting in, they’ll impose IPRA law to you.  How did you solve these problems? Minsan nakikipag ugnayan na lang sila sa LGU, at least alam namin kami na lang yung kasama sa area, pero pagdating sa bahagi ng NCIP, lalu na kapag sasabihin nila na lupaing ninuno, parang hirap na hirap silang kumuha ng papel, natatagalan yung proseso. Halos patapos na yung project saka palang narelease yung papel. Sometimes they get in touch with LGU, at least we know we’re the only involved in the area, but when it comes to NCIP especially if they say its ancestral land, that’s where they’re having hard time getting papers, it’ll take long processing. Sometimes the project is almost done before they release the papers.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? Yun yung challenge doon, yung pagpasok na di sila makapasok agad agad dahil kailangan nga nila ng papel. 314 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES That’s were the challenge is, getting inside and asking for papers. Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. Nagbibisita sila sa lugar actual monitoring. They do actual monitoring.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? Malayo mam yung kanilang project site.Tapos yung ibang mga tao dun, ibang tao sa gubat. Saka medyo may mga tao tao pa sa amin dyan sa itaas na nanghaharang.Yung kaliwa side The project site is far and there are people from forest and some from the upper are getting on our way, from the left side.  How did you solve these problems? Nakuha ng clearance, nagpapaalam sila pag papasok. Di ka talaga papapasukin e. Minsan nagpapaalam, hahanap ka ng kontak. In getting clearance, you’ll have to find your contact.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? Challenge talaga,yung di ka agad makakapasok lalu na yung ganung area, na isolate ,naman talaga yung project site ng B+WISER It’s really a challenge, you can’t go inside that area, an isolated project site of B+WISER. General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? Di ko man sila nakasama, pero iisa din naman ang layunin nila ang pangangalaga pa rin ng kalikasan, maganda naman po, lalu nga dahil hindi namin mabigyan ng BLET ang Lumutan, hindi kami makapag accommodate sa layo. Sa pamamagitan nila natulungan kaming magkaroon ng BLET doon. Malinaw yung layunin nila sa LGU lalu na sa community. Sila naman laging narito, lalu na si sir Dugay, lagi syang nag uupdate nung mga nangyayari doon. lagi siyang nakikipag communicate kay MENRO Even if I haven’t joined them, they’re aiming the som.. caring for the nature, it’s good since we can’t give Brgy. Lumutan BLET, we cannot accommodate because of distance. Because of them, they’re helping us to have Brgy. Lumutan BLET. It’s clear for what they aim for LGU, for the community. They’re always here especially Sir Dugay, he keeps updating us and MENRO. 315 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. Malaki po dun sa bahagi ng Lumutan. Kung baga sya ay naka isolate na barangay, lalu na sa bahagi namin na, yung pagbibigay ng kaalaman, lalu na sa pangangalaga ng kagubatan sila na yung napatutok doon. Nabawasan yung aming konting trabaho na sila na yung nagmulat sa mga tao doon, lalu na ngayon parang naliliwanagan sila nung minsan nga pong magmeeting napaupo po ako, tuwang tuwa sila yung pag gegeo tag, yung inaano nila sa maps, na nakikita nila natutuwa sila.Kung baga nakakapagbigay sila ng idea, nagkakaroon pa ng kaalaman, maraming kaalaman lalu na po yung community, malaking tulong sa kanila yun. Lalu na pag naalala mo na ganito pala ang impact kapag nagkaingin ka, ganito pag naubos na ang kahoy. Yung bahagi namin na hindi namin maibigay sila na yung nagbibigay. Kaya nga nung mag turn over, sabi nila matatapos na daw yung project, parang nalulungkot yung mga taga Lumutan. Doon sa mga taga Lumutan, nung nagbigay ng gadget, sila na yung magpapatuloy, Active naman po. In some part of Brgy. Lumutan which is isolated before to our part, they help us in giving information to the people mostly in caring for the nature. People can able to add ideas for the wellness of their community. Its’s really a huge help. However people of Brgy. Lumutan anxious when they learned that the project is about to end.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Parang kailangan pa po.na magpatuloy. Gusto lalu na po yung mga taga Lumutan, dire diretso I think it has to continue most especially to the Brgy. Lumutan.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Wala na po akong mai suggest, parang B+WISER, pagdating sa pag implement ng project medyo sila po e pursigido. Talagang positive. Sila’y talagang nakikisalamuha, silay bumababa sa community lalu na yung mga tao ng B+WISER talagang laging nasa community. Na yun yung gusto ng mga taga Lumutan, parang ayaw na silang paalisin doon. I don’t have any suggestions. Just like B+WISER, when it comes to the implementation of the project they pursued more, they’re very positive. They willingness to go communities and join them and so the Brgy. Lumutan doesn’t want them to leave. Overall Project Implementation 316 14. MR. GIL ZUBIAGA, Barangay Captain, Sta. Ines, Tanay, Rizal Name: Gil Zubiaga Age: 64 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: High School Graduate Position in the Community (or Office): Barangay Captain Others: Contact Number: 09206308280 Date of Interview: November 27, 2015 Place of Interview: Sta. Ines, Tanay Rizal Time Started: Time Ended: INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? Yes, the training conducted was good I learned a lot from them, we have learned more about the wildlife law, about taking care of our Natural Resources, and they help us form a Law enforcement group by giving us subsidy.  What can you say about the conduct of environmental law enforcement (ELE) advocated by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/province? Were you able to enforce them? Any case of confiscation of illegally collected/harvested forest products or apprehension of environmental law violators? Please elaborate. B-Wiser conducted a seminar about an Environmental Law Enforcement plan and they provide our good needs, our group regularly conducted a wildlife patrol particularly the BLET and the SMART LAWIN  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate. None  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities Yes, we organize Bantay Kalikasan who watches the forest from illegal activities. In the past we have only three member of the group but thru the help of B- Wiser we have now fifteen barangay police that serve as law enforcers.  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? Yes, we have , they perform the same as the function of our men who patrol, they are giving us information on what is happening in the forest they inform the people about the activities which are illegal or forbidden 317 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? Yes, they have an allowance of five hundred pesos per month , it was provided by the mayor of this municipal coming from their fund, and the result or impact of this incentives is the continuous service of our men even thou they do not receive enough allowances.  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? The IPs because they have their own culture and this culture is to do Kaingin (shifting cultivation), this problem has never been resolved; we kept on telling the IPs to stop illegal activities but they kept on insisting what they want to do.  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? To give incentives to those enforcers who will be able to catch illegal activity  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? We are having a hard time in implementing ELE because some of our enforcers belong to ethnic groups. They are illiterate. Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. Yes there have been trainings regarding FMU however there is still lack of effort and initiative in patrolling, and we also join the National Greening Program they are also providing us funds for us to use for purchasing seedlings and for forestry maintenance which amount to 51 thousand pesos  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. Yes Smart Lawin protects the forest and wildlife and we are also given GPS and Cameras these are use in patrolling the area  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration The enforcers lack effort and initiative in patrolling  How did you solve these problems? We organize the schedule of patrolling.  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? The kaingin making of the IPs. Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. None  How useful are these guidelines and policies? Not Applicable  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? We adapted the municipal ordinance which states that each tourist who visit this area should plant at least one seedling. 318 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance? None, they follow all the policies  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? None Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas. The DSWD and DENR had an agreement that all the members of CCT will receive a certain amount for their participation in bushing and replanting activities  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. We constructed nurseries in our barangay wherein members of CCT are the ones who manage and maintain these facilities  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes , because they are producing nursery seedlings which will then be planted in the forest  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site? I don’t know.  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? The allowance for people who maintain the nursery is not given yet, the allowance should be given right away for the people to benefit from it.  How did you solve these problems? We are communicating with the DSWD about the problem and we are telling the people that the allowance will not be released unless the other barangays are finished planting because the allowance should be released at the same time.  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Lack of coordination Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? Smart Lawin Training for ELE and actual patrolling. Wildlife Conservation Training Barangay Law Enforcement Training 319 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? Yes, I found out that ELE is also related to Criminal Law Enforcement, it is useful in gaining more knowledge and serves as a tool for conserving and protecting our forest.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area? None  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women? Not Applicable  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? None  And how did you solve these problems? Not applicable  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? None Payment for Ecosystems Services Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming-related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. Construction and maintenance of nursery everyone regardless of their gender can profit from the said project.  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities? None  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? None Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how None, we are only making our own Tarpaulin, informing people thru general assemble and from spreading the words. 320 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES effective are they?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? There are areas which we cannot reach due to absence of signal  How did you solve these problems? Direct to the subject by visiting people personally  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? None Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? None  How useful are these R&D activities? Not Applicable  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process? Not Applicable  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D? Not Applicable  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? Not Applicable Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. None, We were given tablets but we are that familiar yet to use them, even if we were taught how to use them.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? The members of “Bantay Kalikasan”, who were given GPS, do not know how to use such device because most of them are illiterate.  How did you solve these problems? The Bantay Kalikasan Members ask help from their children who know how to use it because they are fast learner  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? Initiative in patrolling General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? From the scale of 1 to 10 where in 1 is the lowest and 10 is the highest I give it a score of 8 because if they schedule a visit in our area they will really arrive on time. And the B- wiser really conducted technical assistant training.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. We still cannot be evaluate the impact of the B-wiser project because B-Wiser just arrive to give trainings. 321 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Yes, They are doing their best and we are doing it at the same time step by step.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? More training and continue the initiative Sustainability to maintain or be able to continue the project. Overall Project Implementation From scale of 1 to 10 where in 1 is the lowest and 10 is the highest, I give it 8 because their doing their best to make the program work. 15. MR. VICTOR BORROMEO, Barangay Captain, Lumutan, General Nakar, Quezon Name: Victor Borromeo Age: 46 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: High School Graduate Position in the Community (or Office): Barangay Captain Others: Date of Interview: November 26, 2015 Place of Interview: Barangay Lumutan, General Nakar, Quezon Time Started: 11: 28 AM Time Ended: 12:32 PM INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? Yes, I always attend. I learned a lot especially in wild life law, Protection of nature and diversified crops in forest preservation.  What can you say about the conduct of environmental law enforcement (ELE) advocated by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/province? Were you able to enforce them? Any case of confiscation of illegally collected/harvested forest products or apprehension of environmental law violators? Please elaborate. B+WISER helped me produce enforcers because back then I do not know how to produce or build a line up of enforcers / YES / no case of confiscation.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who B-Wiser made Enforcement Plan they provide technical assistant. Our enforcement operation involves patrolling the forest. 322 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities Yes, before we only have 3 enforcers but now we already have 15 members because of the help of the B-Wiser all barangay police made them Bantay Gubat members, they are the one who patrolling the forest.  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? Yes, there are women who patrol in marine (Coastal Area). Women performs task that men do as well.  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? Yes, they receive an incentive a Cash gift worth of 100 pesos every month which is provided by the Barangay ERA Budget but the budget is not enough. I am the one who personally gives it to them/ maybe it is one of the reasons why they continue in giving their services even though the incentive is not enough at-lease they received incentive from them.  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? Inadequate incentives. There’s nothing I can do about it because the budget isn’t enough.  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? Additional subsidy to make them active in patrolling  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Lack of support and its very hard to distribute or to divide the budget for them some of them are resentful if not given Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. We have National Greening Program, From NGP they give the cash donation to MENRO and from MENRO they gave the cash worth 25,000 for planting seedlings and was distributed to every barangay. After we done seedlings local government also donate potting shed.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. Yes , Smart Lawin did very well because it effectively protects and supervises the forest and the animals and they learn how to used GPS  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration The Culture of the IPS where in they hunt animals in the forest for them to eat and sell. However if they hunt animals for them to sell they are already break the law.  How did you solve these problems? Step by Step, they lead the people to attend meetings for them to know and understand the importance of the protection of the forest and to educate the IPS about the dos and donts in the forest like illegal cutting of trees .  What are the challenges that you faced in The Culture of the IPS that they can hunt the animals for them to sell. 323 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES forest restoration activities? Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. Yes, Im physically present to all the invitation of DENR even PAMB, for me know what’s happening and for me to be informed and updated about the guidelines and policies to my consituents.  How useful are these guidelines and policies? Yes because I was able to learn and share my knowledge to the people about the environmental policy.and guidelines.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? The basis of our ordinance is the National Laws this is what we follow and what we use in our barangay, we don’t make our own laws we just follow the National Law. the Judge and also the B￾Wiser explained to us the legislations covered by our barangay  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance? None  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? Not Applicable Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas. Cash for Works ,They form a group of villages in partnership with other barangays each group consisted of 5 members and 1 leader , the first job or project are potting seedling and take care of it . The next project was the cleaning potting or planting area it has been developed thru NGP, each group will purify and maintaning the planting area of eight hours per day required cleaning the seventy (70) trees. NGP planting sites ( Potting and Cleaning )  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. None  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes, It helped us in making or starting the program or livelihood. They were able to raise an income and improve the environment.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and None only DSWD 324 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site?  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? The DSWD does not pay for the Cash for Works members on time.another is DSWD originally had a target number of IPS but they were not able to get not enough members because other IPS are busy for their own works( Magkaingin)therefore they selected another 30 members and they get it within the barangay who are not members of 4ps.  How did you solve these problems? I assisted groups to expedite their payroll and encoded it to MENRO for them to bring it to the Regional office that’s why it takes so long, the process is to finish all the barangay first before they release the salary. I already signed all the documents to make it fast.  What are the challenges faced in PPP? The payment for cash for works takes too long to release. Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? Yes, I always attend the training conducted by the B-Wiser like Smart Lawin training, Wildlife Conservation Traning and seminar about patrolling and also laws in apprehension of animals and implementation of Environmental law.  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? Yes I gained more knowledge in terms of animal Laws and any species which lives in the forest , Which species in the forest are not allowed to be hunted and make them collection because this is against the law.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area? None  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women? None, We need first to establish or organize a group or people organization who can help in planning to make the livelihood possible  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? None  And how did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? None Payment for Ecosystems Services Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs 325 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming-related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. When training of Smart Lawin was conducted some of the participants are women no matter what gender the important is as long as they can do what man can do.  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities? None  How did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? None Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? None, but we held a public assembly to make an announcement for them to know the dos and donts and its very effective  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? None  How did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? None Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? None  How useful are these R&D activities? None  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process? None  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D? None  How did you solve these problems? None  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? None 326 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. The B- wiser together with Sir Dugay area manager is always visiting our barangay to monitor the activities of the B-wiser project.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? None  How did you solve these problems? Not Applicable  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities None General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? Good, they helped us. Even if the incentive for the cash for works is late we at lease receive cash worth 3998 pesos.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. Enhanced the knowledge of the people and obey the laws  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Yes, before the B-Wiser conduct trainings and seminars they make sure the availability of the recipients.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Help us to reach the livelihood in our barangay like agriculture giving seedlings Overall Project Implementation From Scale of 1 to 10 where in 1 is the lowest 10 is the highest I’ll rate them 8 because they participated actively in conducting trainings. 327 16. MR. RONEL N. MEDINILLA, President, Tanay Mountaineers, Inc. Tanay, Rizal Name: Ronel Medinilla Age: 40 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: College Graduate Position in the Community (or Office): Tanay Mountaineers Inc (Ex-O) Council Member; MDRMMC Peace and Order (PMOC); Anti-illegal logging council; Mabunei Karat Management Council; and Solid Waste Management Council Others: Date of Interview: November 25, 2015 Place of Interview: Tanay, Rizal Time Started: Time Ended: KII with Mr. Ronel Medenilla, President, Tanay Mountaineers, Inc., Tanay, Rizal 328 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? Maraming beses ako na invite sa ecotown project, sa climate change tungkol yun. Itong huli alam ko B+WISER ang nag ano nung depurization ng ano, parang nag assist din ang B+WISER. Di lang ako nakaattend by that time more on sa mga batas, sa mga legal basis, ang mga training Actually yung matuto ka, kung ano ba talaga ang tamang batas. Bukod dun pwede kang maging bahagi kahit ordinary citizen ka. Meron namang tinatawag na citizens arrest I have been invited many times by the Ecotown project regarding climate change. The last event I’ve known is assisted by the B+WISER project, though I am not present in the said event. It’s all about the law, legal basis training. When you have some knowledge about the law even if you are an ordinary citizen, it’s helpful. It’s called citizen arrest.  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? Yung members po kasi namin kumbaga nasa 20-30% yung babae. Kasama po namin yan sa lahat ng lakad. So meron kaming 240 members sa ngayon Let’s say law enforcement, umakyat kami ng bundok, may mga bundok kasi kami na ina adopt dyan na sakop ng kaliwa watershed, upper Marikina .Madalas naming pinapasyalan, pag may napapansin kaagad sila, inirereport kaagad yun sa MENRO. At least nagging daan lang kami. So far we have 240 members, around 20%-30% of female. We crossed mountains. We used to visit that part of the Kaliwa Watershed at Upper Marikina. Every time that there are irregularities they directly inform us, at least, we make ways.  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? Yung grupo po namin, kumbaga part sya ng advocacy. May sarili kaming pinagkukunan, wala po, part lang talaga sya ng advocacy na maprotect yung environment. We don’t have incentives/benefits, it’s part of our advocacy to protect the environment, we have our own resources. 329 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? Illegal charcoal making, yun yung traditional, usually mga ganun lang may nakita kang bigla may umuusok, amoy uling hindi naman yung dahon dahon lang. Actually, magsunog ka ng dahon bawal na saka may mga ordinances ang munisipyo na alam ko. Pag nai turn over namin, naireport namin sila na yung bahala, yung MENRO. So ang talagang napokusan namin na project, naging kung baga sa internet naging viral sya yung charcoal briquetting. Ginawa namin syang community base project. Yun yung tinatawag na environmental charcoal, wala kang puputuling puno, mga sanga lang na tuyo, mga dahong tuyo. Imomould, icacarbonize then imomould, tapos yun na yun. Violation po nung PD 705. Usually, illegal charcoal making. They prohibit burning even just a leaf. I know some municipal ordinance. The moment we reported it to MENRO it’s their call now. Charcoal Briquetting is our main focus in this project. It has been viral in the internet. It’s our community base project, the Environmental Charcoal. The project is no need for cutting of trees just the branches and dried leaves. Carbonize then mold. It’s the violation under PD 705.  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? Dahil sa effective yung environmental law enforcement, magakapatid sa larangan. Nung mapigilan na nga yun, malaking bagay Ganun sya ka effective kasi napalitan mo nga ng livelihood yung mga dating nag uuling. Binibili sya ng munisipyo kinukuha dun sa lugar nila.. Then ang isang positive effect , meron tayong tinatawag na inasal, mga baliwag lechon dyan. Isang ordinansa lang yan ng bayan. Kailangan ganito ang gamitin mo, automatic mas nababawasan yung pagpuputol ng mga puno Yung sustainability, dapat may intervention din, tulad ng kung makapag invite ng mga funding agency. Kasi iilan lang yung machine, alam ko nabigyan na yung bawat bayan, naintroduce na yan. Naging pilot project ang Tanay na tuloy tuloy, lahat meron na. I don’t know alam ko B+WISER ang nagbigay nun, nung mga machine na yun. What if yung mismong machine na ang ibaba dun sa grassroots.Ibig sabihin yun naman yung mapondohan, sila na mismo ang magpoproduce. Mas lalaki na yung kita nila , yun na yung magpopokusan nila 330 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES The ELE has been effective, it made a big part in preventing illegal activities. They’ll make charcoal making into livelihood project. Another positive effect is from “inasal”, like Baliwag Lechon, another ordinance that is needed for the lesser cutting of trees. In sustainability there should be an intervention. Inviting the funding agency. I’m not aware if it is the B+WISER who provided the machines to the community. What if the machine will reach the grass roots, which means it needs to be funded. More focus for the greater income.  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Challenge, yung matigas ng ulo. Yung habulin ka ng taga Challenge is from those people who chase you with the axe. Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound Actually participation, minsan sa planning natatap din kami. So binibigay lang namin yung aming ideas in which, yung kinalalabasan nung mga planning na yun, nagkaroon kami ng part doon. Actually we’re also tapping in terms of planning, we just add ideas. We have a part on the project.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. Narinig ko na po , sa ano na yun, ayaw po namin pumasok sa tipong mako compromise naman ang grupo. Yung sa amin more on reporting. We don’t want the group to compromise. We are more on trainings.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration Problema ng restoration, kasi usually ang mga watershed, protected area di ba. Ngayon nandyan yung mga IP’s, ang sabi ng mga IP’ ancestral domain nila. Kinonsider po yan ng ating gubyerno which is under ng NCIP, so yun yung madalas na pagtatalo. Dapat lagging dadaanan mo yung NCIP. There are IP’s in Watershed Protected Area. They say it’s their ancestral domain and the government considered it in which it is under the NCIP. Sometimes there are arguments because it needed to pass by NCIP first.  How did you solve these problems? Kinakausap namin kung ano ba talaga yung gusto naming iparating. Sinasabi na lang namin na hindi kami taga gubyerno kasi NGO naman talaga kami. Pero without their we are affiliated sa government. Innovative way sa pagbibigay ng IEC. We try talking to them about our issues; we keep telling them that we’re not from the government that we are NGO’s. But without their knowledge, we are affiliated to the government for innovative of giving IEC.  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? Yan yung pinakamalaking challenge, kasi madali mong pasukin ang kaisipan ng mga netibo natin, yung mga indigenous people natin. Kasi nakikinig yan lalu na kung meron silang kapakinabangan.E yung NCIP, di naman direktang sinasabi mo pero yun talaga yung nakikita, kinukunsinti nila. Mag uling ka na pagkakaperahan mo yan e. Pag sinabing protected area hindi yan alienable o disposable. 331 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Our biggest challenge is to enter IP’s mind because they listen to something is that they can earn. Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus? Yung susunod naming project, actually sa planning ng munisipyo regarding environment kasama kami lagi. Dyan naman namin ipinapasok yung mga ideas namin, kasi pag kami yung grupo naminpag nagbuo kami nag conceptualize kami ng possible project yearly o annually, talagang halos isang linggo naming pag uussapan yan.es, parang part kami, maging silensyo man kami sa papeles o ano pa man DRR, climate change In municipal planning, we are involved with regards to the environment, this is where we share our ideas. If we conceptualize the project it is possible yearly or annually. We almost talk about it for a week. We are focus in DRR, Climate change.  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans? Ang alam ko ang mga data nyan makukuha mo sa MENRO As I have known you can get those data to MENRO.  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans? Yun pa rin kabangga mo kasi yung NCIP, usually ganun. Laging in conflict kasi pag nabanggit mo yung ano area na yun which is yun dapat talaga yung protektahan, papasok sila. Dapat sumaludo ka muna sa kanila bago ka pumasok dun. Depende pa yun kung papayagan ka nila. There’s always a conflict when you mention the NCIP’s area, since it has been protected by them.  How did you solve these problems? Explain them well po Explain them well.  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. Wala, kung baga later on. Nope. Later on I guess.  How useful are these guidelines and policies? Actually nakalatag naman yung batas, hihimay himayin mo lang papaliitin mo lang sya, may mga national laws naman, gagawin mong municipal laws, ordinace yun na yun. Tapos strict implementation talaga. Pag sinabi mong bawal bawal talaga, walang salo salo. 332 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Actually there are laws presented, National Laws converting to Municipal Laws and then strict implementation.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? Nasa MENRO It’s in MENRO’s  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? Public Private Sector Partnership  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. Narinig ko na yung una ang tawag centennial dam. Yung Maynilad, MWSS tapos yung gubyerno. Multi billion project, 26B yata yun. Alam ko may pondo na yan. Kasi pag nagkaroon ka ng public consultations, nakalatag na yung plano lahat lahat meron ng pondo yan. Nabalita pa yan sa dyaryo na may ganung project pamalit dun sa dam na nagsusupply sa metro manila. Dadaan sa Antipolo 200 meters ang tubo, 4 meters ang diameter ng tubong ibabaon. Sa Antipolo may treatment plant na doon. Direct na ng manila I’ve heard the first one, it’s called centennial dam. The Maynilad, MWSS and the government. It’s a multi billion project, around 26B. As I have known it is already funded. When you have a public consultation, there is already a plan and funds. It has been reported to the newspapers that there’s a project regarding with that and has been converted from the dam that supplied water to metro manila.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Para sa akin sobrang beneficial since na galing nga dun yung tubig na kukunin mo, bat mo sya sisirain, tapos mas magiging beneficial sya mas maraming magbebenefit sa baba, yung metro manila. For me, it is very beneficial since the water you get will come from it, why will you destroy it? It’ll be very beneficial to the downtown, metro manila.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site? Aware ba kayo sa LEDS, nagkaroon ng signature campaigns, 1 million signature ang kailangan, nag ano yung grupo, awarding ngayon nakaano naman kami siguro 5000 na ginather sa mga school, binigyan ng paliwanag. After daw malikom yung 1M na signature na yun ifo-forward sa international convention, alam ko B+WISER, USAID project yun. Wala po kaming nakukuhang in return sa B+WISER, kumbaga volunteer lang po yun, certificate po meron tapos refund ng nagasto, sa mga printed materials. Bawal na bawal sa amin kung ano lang talaga yung nagastos. Ayaw po namin mainvolve sa kung ano. They conducted a 1M signature campaign. We already gathered around 5k in schools. After we reach the 1M signatures will forward this to International Convention. I think its B+WISER and USAID project and we haven’t received anything in return from them. Volunteers with certificate then refund. 333 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? So far wala naman. Nothing so far.  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Usually challenge funds, mahirap mag pursue ng project pag wala kang funds. Usually the funds. It’s very hard to pursue a project without fund. Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? Dito sa area namin , pumasok na ang Smart Lawin di ba, B+WISER , di lang namin alam ang term.Sila Romar lagi naming kasama .Umaakyat sila dun sa mga protected areas . Di ko lang alam yung title , pero di na kami na involve In our area, there is a Smart Lawin and B+WISER I’m not sure about the terms. We have company with Romar; they go to the protected areas. I don’t know the title, but we are not involved.  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? So far di kami na involve So far we are involved.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area? So far wala akong alam. Pero ang alam ko meron pero sila MENRO na . Sila kasi talaga ang magkausap , kami tinatap lang kung kinakailangan. As far as I know they have but its MENRO’s. They communicate with each other. For us, they just tap the things we need.  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women?  What are the problems encountered in capacity building?  And how did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? 334 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way? Ung climate change commission ang nag organize nun, so dun ako naka attend ng maraming beses .Dun ko rin nalaman na kailangan kong magbayad. Tourism itself, namasyal dyan nagbayad, may mga entrances ka dyan. Yung maeducate mo lang. Incorporate mo yung tourism sa lugar nila malaking bagay. Pag nakapagpasok ka kasi ng livelihood, yung guide ship lang e. Aakyat sa ganito sa Mt. Daraitan halimbawa kikita na yun din a magiisip na magputol ng puno yan para may maipakain sa pamilya. Yun yung pinakamahalagang konsepto nung PES. Yung magkaroon ng kabuhayan, kapalit nung makikitang maganda yung paligid. In which local communities ang nakikinabang. Yun yung nabuod ko sa PES nung nakinig ako Climate Change Commission organized the training. I have attended trainings many times and I have learned that I need to pay the tours and entrance fee. Be educated to incorporate the tourism in their place. It’ll be an opportunity to belong in the livelihood. You’ll just have to guide them to Mt. Daraitan and you’ll earn from it. You wouldn’t think of illegal logging again just to support your family. That’s the important concept of PES, to have a job at the same time with a beautiful place, which the local community will benefit.  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound. Paris sa amin sa Sacramento, protektado namin yun bundok dun. May micro watershed kami roon.Since napoprotektahan namin yun, may nakikita yung mga tao na dumadaloy na dalisay na tubig. Dinadayo yun nagbabayad sila.Yun kasi yung pinaka konsepto ng PES di ba. In our place, in Sacramento, the mountains are being protected. We have Micro Watershed, since we’re protecting it, the people there could see pure flowing water. The tourist will pay to see its beauty.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection? Itong USAID ano rin ba ito ng B+WISER nagkaroon ng donation dito para, meron kasing parang mga forest ranger tinalaga sa mga hotspot area. Nagraraid sila, nakasama rin ako sa turn- over nun lat 2 weeks lang. Nang GPS, parang mga tools for protecting the environment. Scope, mga bota, raincoats, pag nagpapatrol sila.Mga forest ranger na itinalaga. Identified sila ng MENRO office tapos sila na rin yung tinap. Nagkaroon sila ng training dun sila Romar from B+WISER, sila Mr. Roldan. Sa Sta ines area yung beneficiary ng mga gadgets. Malaking pondo rin yung donation na yun. Kasi magkano na ang mga GPS plus hook set, mga iba, mga water Candice, flashlights, teleskopyo, para pag nagpapatrol daw makikita mo talaga. Saka yung GPS nila parang satellite phone din na pag ipinicture mo magfefeed o mairereport kaagad dito na lang sa bayan ng Tanay isang tourism site lang.Yung Daranak falls 50.00 pesos yung entrance. Meron din dyang kweba, kalinawan cave 50 rin ang singil nila dun. Under po sya sa munisipyo. Yung maintenance usually, I think enough. 335 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES The USAID and B+WISER gave donations to the forest rangerin the hotspot area. They monitor the area and I was last week for the turn over. There are tools for protecting the environment scope, raincoats and boots needed while patrolling. They are identified from MENRO then they were joined in trainings with Romar from B+WISER. Mr. Roldan from Sta. Inez and beneficiary of gadgets. They have big funds from donations, GPS, hook set, water Candice, flashlights, telescope for easy patrolling. 50php entrance fee in Daranak Falls. 50php for Kalinawan Cave. I think it’s enough since the maintenance is under the municipality.  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES? Kapag may ginawa ka kasing pagbabago, mayreactionary group. Mahilig mag react.Siguro sa amout, bayad sa guide. Pwede ka naman tumawad.Pero yung bayad sa pagpasok standard yun maliit lang naman If you implement changes, there is a reactionary group. For example reaction on payments.  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain. Narinig ko na sya. Yung isang mature na puno kaya niyang 1 ton for every ano yun ang sabi. Ang isang puno ang katumabas nia ay 1 hp na aircon. I’ve heard about this. Equivalent of one mature tree is 1hp of aircon.  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area. Invited lang .Nagkaroon lang ako ng know how, pero kung papaano nila isinagawa iyon labas na kami kasi din a kami invited dun. Tinuro lang yung proseso, more on training lang di ko sya masagot, di ako ang tamang ahensya masyadong technical. I have been invited. I have known the things on how to do it but when they do it we are not involved. They only taught us about the process. I can’t answer it. I am not the right person to ask because it is more technical.  Did you participate in any of the GHG-related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area? Parang may isa di ko lang maalala I think there’s one, I don’t remember.  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI-related activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and 336 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES GHGI–related activities? Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming-related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. Meron pero sila MENRO ang nakakaalam MENRO knows it.  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? Sa grupo lang namin, minsan leaflets na sarili naming pinorovide. Uunahan namin ng leaflets, coordination muna, tapos pamimigay ng leaflets, pinaka target namin makapag talk na talaga. Tapos may presentation ka sa isang community. Maka 10 tao ka lang malaking bagay sya parang FGD approach. Yun mga tao na yun sila yung prominente sa community na yun. In our group, we provide leaflets. First, we coordinate before we provide the leaflets. Our target is to discuss then have a presentation to the community. If you’ll get 10 people, it’s a big thing. Like FGD approach, those people are prominent in their community.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? Balik tayo sa coordination sa NCIP. Going back to the coordination with the NCIP.  How did you solve these problems? Coordination lang Just coordination.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? Very rare lang naman yung conflict with the NCIP It’s very rare to have a conflict with the NCIP. Research and Development 337 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? B+WISER lahat ng programa nila na nabasa ko, nababalitaan ko maganda. Paano ko masasabing pangit e kung para nga sa kalikasan yan. All the things I have read about B+WISER project is nice. How can I tell that it is bad if it is for the nature?  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. Hindi ko masyadong masagot kasi di ko naman nakita. Pero itong community na to ramdam yung pagbabago. I can’t answer because I haven’t seen it, but this community I felt the changes.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Suistainability… nasa B+WISER na yun Sustainability. It’s B+WISER call.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Actually recommendation. Kasi hindi yung tipong nagproject ka iniwanan mo na, tapos na yung project.Yung mga equipment napabyaan na. Yung continuity, sustainability. Pwede namang iturn over sa MENRO. Actually, recommendation. If the project is finished, you’ll leave all behind. Other equipments are being neglected. The continuity and sustainability is possible, just turn over it in MENRO. Overall Project Implementation 338 17. FOR. ROLDAN DUGAY, B+WISER Field Manager, UMRBPL/KWFR Name: Roldan Dugay Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Bachelor of Science in Forestry Position in the Community (or Office): Field Manager, UMRBPL, B+WISER Project Forest Management Bureau Others: Date of Interview: December 2, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement We have organized enforcement teams especially in Kaliwa watershed and Upper Marikina. What we did was an enhancement of knowledge in law enforcement. No one has the initiative to move, they need someone to push them, lack of paralegal training. Tanay is very active, they are not afraid to implement laws, trying to build on what has been done. This is the Executive Order 23 which Pnoy released. It rooted from the LGU, based on what they released or the devolution, LGU acquired the right to organize forest protection and forest management. The 2 LGUs had a deep intervention in Tanay, Gen. Nakar and Rodriguez. There has been a paralegal training, they provided Basic tools/environment tools (LGU complained that if they turn over a law offender to DENR, they would eventually find out that DENR already released it ). The capacity bldg. is very efficient and they are very active, there are people from DENR who attend the paralegal training especially in enforcement division. We focused with the LGU regarding Evironmental Law Enforcement and still no one who attended the training was deputized. 40 trained in Gen. Nakar and 6 trained for LAWIN patrol. They call the enforcers “Bantay Kalikasan “in Gen. Nakar. Those who trained in ELE also trained in LAWIN. There has been an agreement regarding the transfer of tablet in Upper Marikina and Kaliwa watershed but is still not organized with the custodian of the tablet. We can teach the children to use the tablet so they can teach it to their parents. LAWIN was just taught this year, it first it was just paper based but now it is digital. Forest Restoration We have 2 approaches which is Active Restoration and Passive Restoration. In Active Restoration, there are interventions with NGP area which does not have support from DENR. NGP cannot leave it. There is an assistance which came from the LGU for establishing FMU; there has been an initial plan about it. We trained stakeholders, potential managers and barangay officials, with the partnership of DSWD, in the areas in Upper Marikina, Pintong Bocaue, Kalawis and San Jose and to 7 Barangays in Gen. Nakar and Brgy. Lumutan. DSWD required a 10 day contract like planting and cleaning the forest. The DSWDs contract ends in December 2015. 339 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES In Passive Restoration, LAWIN is involved. If we will use it to watch over the area then we are not going to move it….it will revert to it’s original state. There are areas in the forest which was turned into no-forest and close forest turned into an open forest and this is what the LAWIN is watching and patrolling. Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management For example in Kaliwa watershed, because their management plan is about to expire this year, they submitted a resolution that’s why they asked help from B+WISER. GMP already has a drafted and PAMB created the working tool and module. In Upper Marikina, we already presented an assessment need, it doesn’t have a specific target we are going to insert the vulnerability and climate change in Upper Marikina. Policy and Governance In the management plan, barangays are taught to make ordinances and was informed about which ones are applicable to their barangay. Public Private Sector Partnership In the partnership with the DSWD, they established PDRF which means Philippine Disaster Recovery Foundation which is composed of different companies such as Coke, Smart and SM, PDRF is still being revived. B+WISER is much more active in reforestation. We just initiated PDRF last year. MWSS gave more technical assistance in partnering law enforcement in Kaliwa watershed. PTFCF developed a proposal thru NGO to support additional activities in Upper Marikina and Kaliwa watershed. They developed 4 proposals and 2 of them are tanim kalikasan and kalawis. The trainings which are done in the community are forest restoration and livelihood training in sustainable farming. A new work plan has been developed and we set a target. The board approved the 4 proposals of PTFCF. Capacity Development Base on the training activities of ELE and LAWIN, they want to maintain all these activities and they want these activities to be inserted with the intervention. We are basing on all their implementations of ELE. Payment for Ecosystems Services We do not have PES. Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs Analysis if how many tons of carbons are available. More on IEC only if how you can determine the amount of carbon. 340 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Mainstream Gender and Inclusion B+WISER helps women organizations to formulate a project proposal in CALAWIS and SAPINIT. There are 6 women organizations and they are trying to formulate project proposal through interventions. Communication Campaigns They do it simultaneously with the training. They give presentations about climate change through powerpoints. The target is that LGU and DENR should be included in making IEC materials. We have free hands in Upper Marikina. Research and Development Monitoring and Evaluation Presentation of report to regional working group, evaluation to monthly report to DENR, regional working group and PENRO. Of course the LAWIN is not yet done. In every conservation area there should be a Data Manager who will undergo training and the LGU will support them especially in Gen. Nakar, Tanay and Rodriquez. General Impressions In 2 watershed covered by the Ancestral domain, we experience more conflict prior to the consent of their activities. Lack of manpower we are only 2 persons in technical handling 52,000 hectares. We focus in 3 areas these are Gen Nakar, Tanay and Rodriquez. Overall Project Implementation  What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront? The problem is lack of manpower and the Ancestral domain  How do you think these problems should be solved? They are having conversations with the IPs with consent to some of the IPs who ask assistance from B+WISER.  What are the challenges that the project should face? It’s my 1st USAID project; which came from the government to the NGO. 341 Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park 1. B+WISER FIELD MANAGERS Name: Dr. Roberto R. Araño Age: 67 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Ph. D ( Forestry) Position in the Community (or Office): Field Manager Agency / Office: B+WISER Date of Interview: Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: KII with Dr. Roberto R. Arano, B+WISER Field Manager and staff, B+WISER Field Office, Ilagan City, Isabela 342 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement Forest Restoration Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management Policy and Governance Public Private Sector Partnership Capacity Development Payment for Ecosystems Services Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs Mainstream Gender and Inclusion Communication Campaigns Research and Development Monitoring and Evaluation General Impressions 343 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Overall Project Implementation  What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront? Conflict of time with the DENR No Budget for Forest Restoration LAWIN implementation, DENR prefer to use of the old Biodiversity Monitoring System 4p’s is not yet materialize.  How do you think these problems should be solved? Emphasize the partnership of B+WISER and DENR. Invest to SMART LAWIN or the BMS 2. National DENR should give support. LGU will handle the SMART LAWIN No insurance given for Forest guard volunteer.  What are the challenges that the project should face? Mainstreaming of the project. Allowance coming from DENR. Regular mandate of B+WISER project. LGU doesn’t have MENRO in their municipalities. 344 2. OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES Name: Danilo Domingo Age: 61 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Ph. D ( Forestry) Position in the Community (or Office): City Environment and Natural Resources Officer Others: Date of Interview: Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: Key informant interview with Dr. Danilo Domingo, City Environment and Natural Resources Officer, CENRO, Ilagan City, Isabela 345 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them?  What can you say about the conduct of environmental law enforcement (ELE) advocated by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/province? Were you able to enforce them? Any case of confiscation of illegally collected/harvested forest products or apprehension of environmental law violators? Please elaborate.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform?  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives?  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems?  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective?  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration  How did you solve these problems? 346 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus?  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans?  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. Yes Participate in planning and Deliberation of Guidelines in forest management.  How useful are these guidelines and policies? It is useful in terms of taking good care of the PA here in the place.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? Environmental Codes. Forest Land Use Pan.  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance? People coming from the areas are resistant about the policies to be implemented because; it is where they get their daily needs and sources of their livelihood. The long process of the formulation of the policies.  How did you solve these problems? Accord with people through inviting them during hearing in order to establish networks from them.  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? Public Private Sector Partnership  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. Partnership is establish, through Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) are the following:  B+WISER Project  Mabuwaya Foundation  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes, it beneficial because they give technical support in Forest Management specifically in the orientation of SMART LAWIN on December 2-4, 2015.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? So many to mention, one of this is the MABUWAYA foundation who conducted research in the area. 347 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site?  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? B+wiser project are only focused in the Northern Sierra Madre. Support Forest Land Use Plan to Synchronization. Conflict activities between the government and PPP.  How did you solve these problems? B+WISER should give Financial Assistant. Rescheduling of the activities.  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Capacity Development  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? Conflict of time. Lack of training instruments.  And how did you solve these problems? Copy the needed software from B+WISER  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way?  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection?  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs Mainstream Gender and Inclusion Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? Poster 348 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Calendar FB group Film showing about the environment conservation.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? Research and Development Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. Through point person. Guided Survey Assessment. Internal Monitoring and Evaluation.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? B+WISER project are good in terms of partnership.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. Technical support is not being seen in the community since it not tangible unlike to us LGU we can see their efforts. Through IEC because it creates awareness about forest conservation.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. B+WISER project is on track when it comes to their activities.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Development Component which can be categorize as tangible. Support in the preparation of Forest Land Use Plan. Overall Project Implementation 349 3. DEPED ISABELA Name: Dr. Edna A. Pasamonte Age: Sex: Female Educational Attainment: Ph. D Position in the Community (or Office): DepEd Schools Division Superintendent, Ilagan Isabela Others: Date of Interview: November 26, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: Interview with Dr. Edna A. Pasamonte, Division Superintendent, DepEd , Ilagan City, Isabela 350 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  Environmental Law Enforcement  Forest Restoration  Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Policy and Governance  Public Private Sector Partnership  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these.  Capacity Development  Payment for Ecosystems Services  Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs  Mainstream Gender and Inclusion Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns?  Research and Development 351 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in?  How useful are these R&D activities?  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? Monitoring and Evaluation  General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? Deped superintendent Edna Pasamonte, mentioned that the B+WISER project was a failure. She also said that the participants in the” Bright Spots and Hotspots” behaviour change communication were brought to the Ilagan Sanctuary to attend in the activity about biodiversity and climate change. However, after the training and lectures the following sessions were cancelled or this is no continuity of the said project. Lastly, the participants didn’t receive any IEC materials.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project?  Overall Project Implementation 352 4. NCIP ISABELA Name: Atty. Ladyline M. Ballesteros Age: 33 Sex: Female Educational Attainment: LLB-Bar Position in the Community (or Office): NCIP Legal Officer Others: Date of Interview: November 27, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: KII with Atty. Ladyline M. Ballesteros and other staff members, NCIP, Ilagan, Isabela 353 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS Environmental Law Enforcement Forest Restoration Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain.  How useful are these guidelines and policies?  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area?  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? Public Private Sector Partnership  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. We have separate project on environment forest delineation. NCIP has a program on environment and I think B+WISER has an involvement in consultation process. They give also technical support to Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development and Protection Plan.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes. Because it is the primary objective of the project on environmental protection.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site?  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? There is a problem on the interpretation of guidelines, we have to decide if it will undergo FPIC process whether to conduct validation only.  How did you solve these problems? B+WISER have a discussion with the central office but did not materialize or not approved.  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Challenging because you have to defend the guidelines which boils down into how would you decide or what are the proper guidelines to be utilize. 354 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area?  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way?  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area?  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women?  What are the problems encountered in capacity building?  And how did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way?  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection?  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs Mainstream Gender and Inclusion Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? Once only, during the consultation they gave Brochures about the project. This was given during the time that they were applying for certification. It is okay, very informative. They also presented the project through power point which they gave us the actual view of the project. 355 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? Because of the National Greening Program (NGP), people’s perception about the project is ruthless because of their experiences about the NGP.  How did you solve these problems? Clarify that the program is under the DENR, and it is not a National Greening Program.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? One of the problems is the language barrier with the Indigenous People which is mainly Agta. They only understand Ilocano or Tagalog. IP’s are traumatized to the Land Grabbing issue of NGP specially in San Mariano cases were recorded. They are at ease with the project, another round of explanation. People want tangible project that could up lift their life situation. Research and Development Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? The project is nice and the concept is good which is related to climate change. Program should be in line with the ADSDPP.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. Our level of awareness. There should be an assurance that IP communities were involved.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Honestly, I don’t have knowledge, I think there were small delays occurred, because when they are applying for certification they are requesting that the process should be faster so that they can beat the allotted deadline on it. Since, they are following the Gantt Chart were, activities and objective should be met.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? There should be a close coordination with their proponents specially DENR. DENR should give a little focus on the program since it is under with them. Give also the NCIP updates about the project. Overall Project Implementation 356 5. PASU TUGUEGARAO CITY REGION 2 – DENR Name: Sanrose M. Pulangco Age: 59 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Medical Doctor Position in the Community (or Office): Chief, Conservation and Development Division Others: Date of Interview: December 3, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? No idea.  What can you say about the conduct of environmental law enforcement (ELE) advocated by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/province? Were you able to enforce them? Any case of confiscation of illegally collected/harvested forest products or apprehension of environmental law violators? Please elaborate.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform?  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives?  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems?  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? 357 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. Yes, we have the forest land use planning or the FLUP. B+WISER provided the technical support.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. No idea about LAWIN.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus? No idea.  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans?  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. Yes, especially on FLUP guidelines. Were already on our 6th module.  How useful are these guidelines and policies? Very useful because its serve as our guide or basis.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area?  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, No idea. 358 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS watershed, and PA areas.  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site?  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? Forest Land Use Planning (FLUP) IEC  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? Yes. The training is very knowledgeable.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area? No idea.  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women?  What are the problems encountered in capacity building?  And how did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on No, but some of our staff attended the orientation about IPAF. 359 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS IPAF? Was it useful? In what way?  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound. Yes, such as entrance and service fee of our protected areas.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection? Yes, but unfortunately it’s not enough to fund our protected areas.  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES? No problems encountered in the application of PES.  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? No challenges faced in application of PES. Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain. No idea.  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area.  Did you participate in any of the GHG-related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area?  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI-related activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI–related activities? Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming-related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. No idea.  What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community?  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? On the part of B+WISER we have the brochure that they give during the training and we also have articles about NSMNP. They are effective because this IEC 360 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS tools creates awareness about forest conservation.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? No funds coming from B+WISER to support this IEC materials (articles).  How did you solve these problems? B+WISER should provide financial support for this IEC material.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? No idea.  How useful are these R&D activities?  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. No idea.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? B+WISER is a very good project, because it’s focuses on protection and restoration of our forest and protected areas especially in the Northern Sierra Madre.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. No impact.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. I don’t know. I’m not aware on their projects implementation.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Ground personnel coming from DENR regional, since B+WISER didn’t give us any report regarding on their project’s implementation. Overall Project Implementation  What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should Limited funds to support the project. 361 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS confront?  How do you think these problems should be solved? B+WISER should provide enough funds.  What are the challenges that the project should face? The B+WISER project are very challenging because of the limited funds and no records of implementation coming from them. 362 6. MENRO DIVILICAN ISABELA Name: For. Arturo V. Umengan Age: 44 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: College Position in the Community (or Office): MENRO Others: Date of Interview: Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: KII For. Arturo V. Umengan, MENRO, Divilican, Isabela 363 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? Yes. At Pavilion beside the seashores. The Training is very informative and too technical for those Bantay Kalikasan Brigade (BKB).  What can you say about the conduct of environmental law enforcement (ELE) advocated by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/province? Were you able to enforce them? Any case of confiscation of illegally collected/harvested forest products or apprehension of environmental law violators? Please elaborate. We don’t make ELE because the Local Government Unit has already it. Yes!, especially in Minuli Watersheds the farmers safeguards the area. They are the ones who report violators in the office.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate. Yes. We have already established our own ELE however there are some revisions and the B+wiser give technical support on it and trainings about ELE. We confiscate logs but we cannot prosecute the violators since we don’t have judicial power and it will go long process.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities Yes. The Bantay Kalikasan Brigade, they monitor the terrestrial and aquatic here in Divilacan.  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? Yes, they also what BKB men do.  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? Yes, the 3,000.00 pesos monthly incentives. It is helpful for them because they buy their basic needs.  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? There’s no prosecution to those violators. BKB should have food, fuel allowance and insurance.  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? Give an example that people seen by their eyes so that they can see and understand that it is true. Provide additional Support B+wiser should teach us on how to prosecute.  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. Yes, B+wiser give training on how to stablish FMU’s here in the municipality. We are able to establish FMU’s in barangay SINAPINIT and DIMASALANSAN. 364 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. Yes, through the SMART LAWIN and we have already two data managers who make report.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration People from the community is not yet paid it is almost 3 years since they planted trees. Your credibility is sacrificed. B+wiser project anchored itself to NGP program.  How did you solve these problems? Since the budget is coming from the Provincial Government, they should process already the papers so that people coming from community will be getting paid. Explaining to them that the budget is already on the process. B+WISER should have its own system.  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus? Yes! It is already on the third module, thus it focuses in the Minuli Watershed.  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans? They provide technical assistance in preparing NRM.  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans? Cannot attend sometimes because the transportation is costly. The LGU don’t have allotted budget on it since the budget is distributed in some parts. We can request but it will undergo a long process.  How did you solve these problems? B+wiser should provide transportation allowance.  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. Yes I participated in drafting FMU’s here in the municipality and also to barangays like in Sapinit and DImasalansan.  How useful are these guidelines and policies? Very useful, this will help us in restore forest through the help of these guidelines.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area?  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance? Implementation of policy.  How did you solve these problems? Direct support (esp. financial) from B+WISER’s counterpart. 365 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? No challenges faced in policy formulation and governance. Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas. No partnership forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT).  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. We partnered with Bantay kalikasan brigade for management of our forest, watershed and protected areas.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Very beneficial in terms of our forest protection, watershed and protected areas, because they are the one who monitored the area.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site? We actually partnered with barangay of Sapinit and Dimasalansan about FMU’s planning and forest protection. In contribution; they protect and maintain the areas. And B+WISER provided the technical support.  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? Limited support especially on financial aspects.  How did you solve these problems? B+WISER should provide financial support.  What are the challenges faced in PPP? No challenges faced in PPP. Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? B+WISER conducted capacity building programs about;  Paralegal (ELE)  SMART LAWIN  FMU  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? Yes I participated in these capacity building activities. They a very useful because it gives us additional knowledge about ELE, FMU and especially on SMART LAWIN.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area? No enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER.  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood 366 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women?  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? No problems encountered in capacity building.  And how did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? No challenges faced in capacity development. Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way? Yes I attended the training and orientation session conducted on IPAF, and it’s very useful in terms on how to manage the IPAF.  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound. No, but were already on the process of applying this PES.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection?  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain. Nothing.  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area. No.  Did you participate in any of the GHG-related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area? No.  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI-related activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI–related activities? Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming-related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. Forest restoration and tree planting, and Women do the tree planting. 367 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS  What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community? No impact yet.  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? Billboard about Forest restoration and protection.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? The billboard was translated in tagalog and English, it is limited to those who can read.  How did you solve these problems? One-on-one/face-to-face explanation.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? Challenging in terms on how information dissemination. Research and Development  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? No idea.  How useful are these R&D activities?  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. They actually give us 3 tablets of SMART LAWIN.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? Lack of SMART LAWIN Tablets.  How did you solve these problems? B+WISER should provide more SMART LAWIN.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? No challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities. General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? The project was good in terms of capacity building. 368 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. Greatest impact would be the trainings about forest restoration, forest protection, ELE and SMART LAWIN.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Yes as per on technical assistance.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? No ground personnel coming from our municipality. Overall Project Implementation  What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront? No financial support coming from B+WISER.  How do you think these problems should be solved? B+WISER should provide financial support.  What are the challenges that the project should face? Policy implementation because no financial support. 7. PENRO ISABELA Name: Eufemia Daliong Age: Sex: Female Educational Attainment:: Position in the Community (or Office): Others: Date of Interview: November 26, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? We participated as agency (CENRO Cabagan, Naguilian and Palanan Isabela). The training was held in different sites in Isabela (San Mariano, Tumauini and Maconacon), and there are 266 total of participants.  What can you say about the conduct of environmental law enforcement (ELE) advocated by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/province? Were you able to enforce them? Any case of confiscation of illegally collected/harvested forest products or apprehension of environmental No idea. 369 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS law violators? Please elaborate.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate. We have environmental law enforcement plan. The 3 CENRO’s involved in the formulation of this ELE and the B+WISER provided the technical support.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities Yes. We have forest protection Officers and forest guard volunteers that deployed in different sites of the 3 CENRO’s. One of our enforcement activities is patrolling on illegal forest activities.  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform? Both women and men have the same participation on environmental law enforcement activities.  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives? DENR provides the 3000 monthly allowance of the forest guard volunteers. We gave them on cash basis. These allowances help them on their daily basis needs and serve as one of their source of income.  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems? No problems confront in ELE.  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective? Insurance for our forest guard volunteers.  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? No challenges you faced in ELE. Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. Yes, especially in updating the management plan of NSMNP.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. Yes. Some of our personnel already had undergone the SMART LAWIN training and workshop.  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration Low costing in terms of forest protection maintenance.  How did you solve these problems? Higher costing for the forest protection maintenance than plantation.  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? Sustainability of the project. Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus? Yes together with the 3 CENRO’s. We have forest protection plan and we focus on forest protection especially in patrolling on illegal forest activities.  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans? All of B+WISER projects is much related in DENR activities that contributed to the preparation of NRM/protected area management plan.  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans? No problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans. 370 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? No challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans. Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. We participated as agency (3 CENRO’s). I’m not much involve in policy and governance making, I’m more on reports and updating of management plan for NSMNP.  How useful are these guidelines and policies? This policy, guidelines and governance is very useful, because this is our Bible. It serves as our basis and guides.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? *Note: The copy of resolutions was given to our data collector (Juvelyn Depayso).  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance? No problems encountered in policy formulation and governance.  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? No challenges faced in policy formulation and governance. Public Private Sector Partnership  Please elaborate the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that would allow continued support for protection and maintenance of forest, watershed, and PA areas. No partnership forged between the B+WISER and DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) program. But there planning to adopt the said program and to source out fund for forest protection.  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes, it is very beneficial in terms of forest restoration and forest protection.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site? Mabuwaya Foundation and NGP, B+WISER provided the technical and site assistance respectively. In return this NGO’s contributes in forest protection and plantation.  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP? Intervening of time or schedule of DENR personnel. They focus on B+WISER project and not in DENR.  How did you solve these problems? B+WISER should hire a personnel that focuses on B+WISER projects only to avoid conflict of times and schedules. And DENR’s counterpart will provide the 371 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS salary of these personnel.  What are the challenges faced in PPP? No challenges faced in PPP. Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? B+WISER’s quarterly capacity building programs are the following;  Environmental law enforcement  Forest protection  SMART LAWIN and  PAMB trainings.  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? We participated as agency (3 CENRO’s), and it’s useful because it gives additional knowledge on ELE, forest protection and SMART LAWIN. And according to one of our Restorer, this capacity building helps him to determine or locate the site that has incident on forest destruction.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area?  Forest restoration (individual wages)  Forest protection (Forest guard volunteer, combined with DENR).  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women? Women and men have the same participation in these livelihood activities. And they have undergone trainings, meetings and assembly about IEC, one on one and forest protection and restoration. No idea on how many women participated in his livelihood activities.  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? Conflict of schedule/s with participants.  And how did you solve these problems? Coordinate first before setting a date or schedule of trainings.  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? Unstable mobile network signals, especially on the coastal areas. Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way? No, but there are other personnel from the 3 CENRO’s who attended the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF. And very useful in terms on how to manage their IPAF.  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound. No idea.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection?  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES?  How did you solve these problems? 372 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain. No idea.  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area.  Did you participate in any of the GHG-related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area?  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI-related activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI–related activities? Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming-related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain. No idea.  What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community?  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they? Comics books or magazines about forest restoration, protection and plantation. Very effective in terms of awareness.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns? No problems encountered in undertaking communication campaigns.  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? No challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns. Research and Development 373 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS  What are the R&D activities that the B+WISER project engaged in? No idea.  How useful are these R&D activities?  Were the results of these R&D activities incorporated in various plans, programs, and activities of B+WISER, as well as in your own planning process?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking R&D?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking R&D? Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. B+WISER have constant monitoring on NSMNP (weekly and monthly)  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? No problems encountered in M&E.  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? No challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities. General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? B+WISER project are a good project in terms forest conservation and forest management in NSMNP.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. Greatest impact would the livelihood and awareness of community provided by the B+WISER project.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Yes! B+WISER project is very timing because of the NGP, climate change and other forest environment protection project involvement.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? Extension of B+WISER project and surrender or give all the B+WISER equipment and gadgets (SMART LAWIN) to DENR. Overall Project Implementation  What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront? Insufficient funds. Conflict of schedules with the DENR personnel  How do you think these problems should be solved? Bigger funds for all the B+WISER projects. Hire personnel that focus only on B+WISER projects.  What are the challenges that the project should face? After the project, what will happen to the beneficiaries? 374 8. MABUWAYA FOUNDATION Name: Marites G. Balbas Age: 42 Sex: Female Educational Attainment:: BS Forestry Position in the Community (or Office): Chief Operating Officer, Mabuya Foundation Others: Date of Interview: November 26, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: Time Ended: KII with Forester Marites Balbas, Chief Operating Officer of Mabuwaya Foundation, Cabagan, Isabela 375 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS Environmental Law Enforcement  Were you able to participate in any of the environmental law enforcement trainings organized by the B+WISER Project? What can you say about them? No, because we are also conducting trainings about ELE and our target audience or participants are desame, since we also follow B+WISER framework, we want to give the lots to other participant who really needs the training.  What can you say about the conduct of environmental law enforcement (ELE) advocated by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/province? Were you able to enforce them? Any case of confiscation of illegally collected/harvested forest products or apprehension of environmental law violators? Please elaborate.  Do you have an environmental law enforcement plan? Who formulated the enforcement plan? Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc.) for this enforcement plan? What enforcement operations do you perform? Kindly elaborate.  Did you form any local environmental law enforcers in your municipality/community? If yes, please describe their enforcement activities  Do women participate in enforcement activities? What is the nature of their participation? What are specific roles and functions they perform?  Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your environmental law enforcers? If yes, in what form? And who provides and where do these resources come from? What are the results/effects/ or impact of these incentives?  What are the problems that confront ELE in your municipality/area? How did you solve these problems?  What suggestions can you give to make ELE more effective?  What are the challenges you faced in ELE? Forest Restoration  Have you established FMUs in your municipality/area? Or have you participated in any FMU planning exercise in your municipality/area? Please expound. The FMU is more on the part of DENR, The involvement of Mabuwaya Foundation is on the biodiversity assessment wherein, we gather reports and identify the high value conservation areas which will be a base as a model. This model is given to the B+WISER to Give priorities in the preparation to the NSMP.  Have you set up a forest protection scheme in your community through the LAWIN? Please expound. Not yet, but were on the process of adopting the SMART LAWIN training programs and we have already a budget for the SMART LAWIN. 376 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS  What are the problems encountered in the forest restoration  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges that you faced in forest restoration activities? Enhancement and harmonization of NRM/PAWS Management  Did you undergo preparation/enhancement of protected area management plan in your area? Please explain. Where did you focus? Yes, in terms of B+WISER related PA management plans. I attended the NSMP plans wherein we focus on.  How far have the baseline assessments done by the B+WISER Project contributed to the preparation of NRM/PA management plans? Through giving funds on the workshop for the drafting and updating plans.  What are the problems encountered in the enhancement of NRM plans? The main problems are lack of participation of Local Government Unit (LGU), and some PAMB members.  How did you solve these problems? B+WISER project should a lot a fund for the transportation of the participants.  What are the challenges you faced in the enhancement of NRM plans? Policy and Governance  Did you participate in the drafting of FMU Guidelines and other forest/watershed/PA management policies? Please explain. Yes, specifically in the NSMP plans which is on the 3rd module but sometimes we cannot attend due to the conflict of schedules.  How useful are these guidelines and policies? The guidelines and policies is very important because it serve as the standard model in management of forest.  What are the environmental and forest management policies, laws, and ordinances passed in your municipalities/area? Note: Regarding on the documents about environmental and forest management policies, laws and ordinances passed in the municipalities please refer to Ms Jovelyn Depayso.  What are the problems encountered in policy formulation and governance?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in policy formulation and governance? Public Private Sector Partnership  What are the PPPs related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management that you have implemented in your municipality/area? Please explain these. The Partnership implemented in our municipalities are SMART LAWIN, Forest rangers and Bantay Sanctuary.  Do you think they are beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes. It is beneficial not only to us but the people who are involved to this partnership specially the grassroots while in technical terms, this are convenient way in monitoring PA , watershed and Forest management.  What partnerships were forged by B+WISER with NGOs, academe, and Aside from the technical support B+WISER where able to establish partnership 377 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS research institutions relative to biodiversity and climate change activities? What support was provided by B+WISER to these NGOs, academe, and research institutions? What contribution(s) do these NGOs, academe and research institutions make to B+WISER biodiversity and forest management program in this site? with the academe trough forest rangers.  What are the problems encountered in engaging in PPP?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in PPP? Capacity Development  What are the capacity building programs that are being implemented by the B+WISER Project in your municipality/area? Many to mention but some of this are Environmental Law Enforcement, Smart Lawin Activities.  Have you participated in any of these capacity building activities? Were they useful? In what way? Four staff attended the SMART LAWIN training, it is useful for us in tracking and monitoring the forest and now we want to adopt the smart lawin idea of the B+WISER for the continuation if the project already ended.  What are the enterprise/livelihood projects implemented or being implemented by B+WISER in your area?  What is the participation of women in these enterprise/livelihood activities? What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? What are these trainings? Were there women participants in the trainings? How many women?  What are the problems encountered in capacity building? In SMART LAWIN training the application is too technical to understand by an ordinary person. We want also that experts from the region are invited instead of getting from other places which is very expensive.  And how did you solve these problems? We suggest that the applications in the SMART LAWIN should be in local dialect for easy tracking of the in charge and easy to understand.  What are the challenges faced in capacity development? LGU cannot a lot a fund to this kind of activities specially in buying the materials needed. Payment for Ecosystems Services  Did you attend any of the training orientation sessions conducted on IPAF? Was it useful? In what way? Yes, it is useful in generating funds.  Are you applying other PES schemes in your area? Please expound. Not really, because it is still new in the province.  Have you generated funds from IPAF and PES? How much? Are they enough to fund forest/PA restoration and protection? Yes, if there are some researches in the area they pay before they conduct their 378 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS research and also we get the result for basis. In every research student pay 700 pesos while other activities such as filming and documentation, we require them to pay 5000 pesos.  What are the problems encountered in the application of PES? PES scheme is not yet establish in this area.  How did you solve these problems? We are trying our best to become strict in PES scheme.  What are the challenges faced in application of PES? Support National REDD+ and GHGI Programs  What are the REDD+ activities of the B+WISER Project. Please explain.  Did you participate in the discussions and consultations on the formulation of the Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL)? Please explain your level of participation, and how will this benefit your community/area.  Did you participate in any of the GHG-related trainings or activities of the B+WISER Project? Please explain your level of participation. How did it help your community/area?  What are the problems encountered in REDD+ and GHGI-related activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in REDD+ and GHGI–related activities? Mainstream Gender and Inclusion  What are the gender mainstreaming-related projects or activities implemented by B+WISER in your area? How useful are they? Please explain.  What are the impacts of B+WISER project on the males/females in the community?  What are the problems you encountered in gender mainstreaming activities?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in gender mainstreaming? Communication Campaigns  What are the IEC tools and schemes employed by B+WISER and other agencies/institutions, and how effective are they?  What are the problems encountered in undertaking communication 379 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS campaigns?  How did you solve these problems?  What are the challenges faced in undertaking communication campaigns? Research and Development Monitoring and Evaluation  What are the M&E activities being implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. One way of monitoring is the SMART LAWIN Easy way of tracking and recording information through the use of the application.  What are the problems encountered in undertaking these M & E activities? These are the feedback coming from the Guard volunteers; one is lack of resources to continue the activity such as the tablet which is the main important.  How did you solve these problems? We have already budget allotment to this activity. B+WISER assist PO’s to get funds.  What are the challenges faced in undertaking M & E activities? General Impressions  What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? The project is good; most of their capacity building is ok. These are majority feedback.  What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. SMART LAWIN has a great impact.  Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. Yes, Doc. Araῆo is witty enough to handle the project.  What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? NSMP Management Plan updating. Allocate budget for the transportation specially the logistic cost in the coastal areas participant. Overall Project Implementation  What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront?  How do you think these problems should be solved?  What are the challenges that the project should face? 380 Mount Apo Natural Park 1. DENR – REGIONAL OFFICE Name: Felix S. Alicer Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Community (or Office): Assistant Regional Director Agency / Office: DENR – Regional Office Province: Davao del Sur Municipality: Davao City Others: Contact Number 09209496945 Date of Interview: December 3, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: 8:55 AM Time Ended: 9:20 AM Main Occupation or Economic Activity of Key Informant: Government Employee INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What is the role of your office on the B+WISER project and on MANP? As technical service naman for ARD technical service, im under obligation to provide support to the RED who is the chair of the PAMB, not only MANP but on other area also. Now unfortunately yung MANP, meron kasi tayo created na PAMB, may mga PASU designated to act as secretariat, now in many instances ang mag-represent sdoon sa PAMB in the absence of the RED among themselves, so not necessarily the ARD. Many of the activities of the PAMB ngayon is undertaken by the PAMBC yung section ko, yung SRFAO. Kasi yung sa MANP may Survey of Forest Occupants (SFAO), so itong tao ko dito sa MANP nag-facilitate in coordination with the PASU kasi ang PASU walang tao, although ang MANP is legislated siya meron isang grade 24 at saka gared 20 assigned pero kung sila lang, dili sila ka kuan, nanginahanglang sila ug manpower at saka ang budget naa man pod dire pero next yer basin amo nang e-reaalign, yung section ko sa PAMBC is more on the monitoring for purposes of the PA and the implementor of the project is the PASU. Sa ngayon kasi nasa transition pa, yung control nang pundo at saka activities with the section not with the PASU, so next year ang gusto nako PASU na ang magcontrol sap undo, magkuha nalang mi gamay for monitoring, so siya na ang mg-implement. 381 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES As technical service for ARD technical service, I am under obligation to provide support to the RED who is the chair of the PAMB, not only MANP but on other area also. Now unfortunately, on the MANP, we have crated PAMB and there is PASU designated to act as secretariat. Now in many instances, the one who represents in the absence of RED is among themselves not necessarily the ARD. Lots of activities of the PAMB right now is undertaken by the PAMBC on my section the SRFAO because the MANP has Survey of Forest Occupants (SRFAO), so my MANP personnel facilitate in coordination with the PASU since PASU has no personnel yet although MANP is legislated; it has grade24 and grade20 assigned but the two of them can’t function well alone, they need manpower and also the budget lodge in my office but next year maybe it will be realign. My section which is the PAMBC is more on the monitoring purposes of the PA and the implementer of the project is the PASU. We are now on the transition which control of funds and also activities is with the section not with the PASU. So next year I want PASU to have a control over the fund, we will just take small portion of it for monitoring. What is the present status B+WISER project Na felt man nako ang presence nila in terms of policy formulation yung one trekking policy medyo sila man ang nag-pushed ana, althopugh it was adapted by the MANP. I understand aduna silay mga refo programs. Naa naman pero in term of their overall mandate kung asa na sila banda, as of now dili ko kakuan kung on track ba sila. They are more coordinating with the RD and the PASU. And in terms of implementation, ill be honest im not directly involved sa B+WISER pero looking forward next year, ang justification ko naman diha is nasa transition pa, pumasok ako February as ARD kay ang set up namo 4 RTDs merged into two ARDs, ako ang nag assume sa technical, im with lands tiltling, PA, and foresty. So ikaw man ang buffer before the RED, Dako-dako. Unya adunay management, more on planning, finance. B+WISER special project man gud, ang una nakong gitun-an is PAMB, unsay role nila karon. Although gi present man ang activities yung one trekking policy accomplishenment, adunay short breifeing pero sa pagkakaron wala pa gani ko ka sseat down sa PAMB sa MANP. I felt their presence in terms on policy formulation on one trekking policy since they are the one pushing it. Although it was adapted by the MANP, I understand they have reforestation programs and B+WISER is there but in terms of their overall mandate if where they are now, I can’t tell if they are on track. They are more coordinating with the RD and PASU, and in terms of implementation I’ll be honest, I’m not directly involved with the B+WISER but I’m looking forward for it next year, my justification is we are still on transition. I assume the position as ARD last February because our set up was 4 RTDs merged into 2 ARDs which are technical and management. I assume the technical, I am handling land titling, PA and forestry, so I am the buffer before the RED, scope of work is so wide. Management is more on planning and finance. B+WISER is a special project, I studied first the PAMB and its role. Although the activities were presented which is the one trekking policy accomplishment, short briefing was done but as of now I wasn’t able to seat down on the PAMB-MANP. Do you have formulated ELE? Naa na karon under me, enforcement division. 382 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Specifically in MANP area? What you have mentioned earlier which is the ELE division is it newly implemented? It is involving sa all environmental laws nga nipasar. To tell you frankly more on sa wildlife pa ang protection sa forest, yung sa mga patrol sa area basin amoa na nang, because of the manpower requirement amo na pod na e-deligate sa mga area sa mga field offices. Pero ang akong pagtoo ana apil gyud na siya. Oo bag-ong division, ang head si Briones katong kaistorya nako karon bag-o, so karon naga-appoint pa mi ug tao diha We have now which is under my office, the enforcement division. It is involving on all laws that have been passed, to tell you frankly, forest protection is still more on wildlife, because of the manpower requirement on the patrolling area, we will delegate it on the area of field office, but I believe it is included. Yes, the head is “Mr. Briones” whom I have talked a while ago; we are on the process of appointing personnel. Do you have reforestation program?  What is the status of your NGP as of now? Oo NGP, 1.i million heateras with 1.5 million trees yun ang lead target Ang nakita nakong figure sa nationwide is percent survival namo sa among plantation is between 85-87% survival although ang minimum nga gi-set is 80%. Ang nahitabo ana, ang funded is 3 years, so planting firstyear then subsequent year maintenance after ana wala na kay maintenance, kumbaga sa bisaya pa nalutas na ang kahoy, they can survived pn its own, during sa maintenance period, katong pang￾maintenance nga kwarta gamiton for replanting purpose not only for weeding kay usahay ang maintenance, limpy kanang hagbas-hagbas, so duna man gyud mangamatay ana, so part of it kung naay mga mamatay e-replanting. So, mao na ang emphasis namo nag naay replanting activity including maintenance so that we can attain that at least 80% na survival of your plantation Yes, NGP. 1.5 million hectares with 1.5 million trees is the lead target. Our percent survival on our plantation is between 85-87% as what I have seen on the figure nationwide although the minimum set is 80%. NGP is funded for 3 years, so planting happens on the 1st year then the subsequent year is maintenance after maintenance ends as it is called in bisaya “nalutas” (weaned), they can survived on its own. The fund intended for the maintenance will be used for replanting purposes and not only for weeding. Parts of maintenance are Cleaning and cutting of grasses and replanting for those died out. So that’s what we emphasized, replanting activity including maintenance so that we can attain at least 80% survival. Do you have IEC tools produced between B+WISER and your office? This one siguro (showed the brochure). Maaring part siya pero ito p lang This one I think (showed the brochure), it could be part of the IEC tools. 383 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Problems of communication between B+WISER and your office? Dili man siguro problema pero pwede pang ma improved. Yung involvement nang stakeholders, yung mga implementators ma widen. Pero in faireness basin pod sirguro during RTD time medyo lalom ang ilang coordination, during the transition lang kasi bago na eh. So considering broad na akong , they’d rather talk to the division than talking to me kay “pagtoo nila wala man pod na nahibal-an siguro diretso na ta dire”. So I expect more collaboration with me. Meron akong section na PAMBse dito eh who is also may oversight functions over the PA. basin involved pero walalang ko masayod ana I think it is not a problem but it can still be improve. The involvement of the stakeholder and implementers must be widened. But in fairness maybe during RTD time, I think they have deep coordination and during transition new positions were assume. They rather talk to the division than talking to me maybe they think I don’t have knowledge on it, they go directly to the division. So I expect more collaboration with me since I have section here that PAMBC which is also has oversight functions over the PA. Maybe my office was involved and i wasn’t informed. Problems encountered in performing your task related to forest and protected area management MANP? Migrants, occupants, how you handle that one nga mga occupants, you try to drive them out kung naa na sila, unya protection pod wala man pod na nimo korali nang MANP, you are not there 24/7 plus in MANP may commercial plantation unya the benefits of this banana plantation nga nahatag sa community medyo dako-dako. Ang issue diha is do we have alternative nga moingon its bawal, but can you offer something? Didto ka maglisod kay ang immediate concern sa mga community is kwarta. Mao nang giingon nila na “you cannot keep on advocating on environmental protection kung nagakutoy ang tiyan sa mga tao. Kung mo strict implement ta closure asa kaha mo dapig ang community? Diba tigbason ka didto sa area. If wala ko masayop dunay cease and desist order nga gi-issue pero unsay gihimo sa LGU of Digos gipa-suspend. So ang solution diha is containment nalng sa mga operators hoping they will not expand. Naa man nuon na sila sa multiple use zone pero bisan naa sa multiple zone, kanang klasi nag intensive kayo nga gamit sa tan-aw nako that should not have been implemented Migrants, occupants. How you would handle that one? You will try to drive them out. You are not there 24/7, plus in MANP there is commercial plantation, then the benefits of this banana plantation that the community gained is significant. The issue is do we have alternative to say it’s prohibited? Can you offer something? That’s the difficult thing since the immediate concern of the community is monetary. That’s what they say “you cannot keep on advocating on environmental protection if the people are starving”. If we strictly implement for closure, where do these people take sides? If I am not mistaken cease and desist order was issued but what did the LGU of Digos do, they suspend the order. So the solution is containment of the operators hoping expansion is not an option. They situated in multiple use zone but though they are on that area, the intensive kind of usage, I believed must not be implemented. 384 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What are lessons learned in performing your tasks that you can share for the improvement of works related to forest, watershed and PA management? Sa tan-aw nako is you need to intensify collaboration with stakeholders. Isa pa diha yung mga intricacies sa mga kay duna biya ka cadt areapod diha within that will complicate things. Kana ako pa nang gusting tan-awon kung unsay dynamics diha between the cadt, holders who claim ownership over the area, duna pod sila kaugalingon nga ADSTPP development plan so unsaon nimo pag mirage ana, duna kay management policy sa MANP, so that I don’t know yet unsaon pagkuan. I need to educate myself; I need to involve in PAMB merely just an observer siguro especially being legislated. Siguro among the PAMBs I have to prioritize tong legislated. I think you need to intensify collaboration with the stakeholders. Another is the intricacies since you have cadt area within PA that will complicate things. I want to see the dynamics between the cadt and holders who claim ownership over the area; they have their own ADSTPP development plan, so how will you mirage that since you have management policy on MANP. So that I don’t know yet how. I need to educate myself; I need to get involve in PAMB and merely not just an observer, maybe especially being legislated. Maybe among PAMBs, I have to prioritized those legislated. 385 2. BANTAY GUBAT Name: Datu Paulino Landim Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment:: Position in teh Company (or Office): President Agency / Office: Bantay Gubat Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Province: Davao del Sur Municipality: Davao City Others: Date of Interview: November 25, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: 10:25 AM Time Ended: 10:55 AM Main Occupation or Economic Activity of Key Informant: Farmer Key Informant Interview with Datu Paulino Landim, President, Ovu-Manobo Forest Guard 25 November 2015, Carmen, Baguio District, Davao City 386 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your forest area? Unsay kasamtangang kahimtang sa inyong kalasangan? Karon hinuon linaw ang lasang, sa una kay gubot gyud. As of now, forest area is peaceful unlike before that it’s very difficult. Why? Ngano man? Kay mag ilugay naman sa mga uway. Mao tong naa nay forest guard, mabadlong na ang mga tao, linaw na karon. People would fight with each other for rattan, that’s why a forest guard was established so people are now controlled. How do you describe the forest now? Unsa may itsura sa kalasangan karon? Maayo man gihapon. It is still okay. Compare it before? I compare nato sa una. Sa una nuon lahi ra kay gani kaning ubos aning carmen, wala namay kahoy kay gumikan lagi anang dili mag tamod sa balaud sa kinaiyahan. It’s different before because the lower part of (Barangay) Carmen does not have tress anymore because people don’t respect nature. And now? Karon? Karon, dili na gyud sila kakuha, amo namang gi babagan. People now can no longer cut trees because we forbid them to. 2. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? Duna ba kamoy programa sa pagdumala sa inyong kinaiyahan ug kalasangan sa inyong komunidad? Ga meeting mi diri, naa mi ginatawag nga araw diri sa October 30, para didto, mahibaw-an sa mga tao kay mo sulti naman tong pinakalabaw sa ako, sila nay magpasabot sa mga kauban nga mao ba diay ni ang dapat buhaton. Mag meeting ang mga ADMO (Ancestral Domain Management Office) officers kausa sa isa ka tuig. We have conducted meetings here, we have what we called “Araw” every 30th of October, and it’s a way to let people know what to do and not do. It’s an event were our ADMO officers meet and discourse once a year. What did you do during the meeting? Unsa may inyong ginahimo sa meeting Datu? Naay mga activity, sayaw-sayaw. We have activities like dancing. Do you discuss anything during the meeting? Naa pud moy mga panaghisgutan ana? Naa pud. Mahitungod lang gihapon sa pagpanamon, kaayuhan. Yes we have, about planting or farming and the benefits of it. Do you also discuss about the status of the forest area or the environment? Mahisgutan ba pud ang bahin sa kahimtang sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Oo, apil na diha. Para ma proteksyunan ang community, proteksyunan ang kinaiyahan ug ma proteksyunan pud ang balaud sa gobyerno, tulo ka bahin. Yes, we also discuss that to protect the community, to protect the environment and to protect the law of the government. Like what kind of protection? Unsa man pud nga klase sap ag proteksyon pananglit? Mahisgutan diha nga kinahanglan bantayan nato ang maayong pamatasan kay para dili ta mahulog sa dautan nga hunahuna. Kay kung lahi ka ug batasan, maka hunahuna naka ug dili mayo, mangaway ka na sa imong isig katao. 387 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Kanang mahisgutan sa inyong meeting. It’s part of the discussion that we have to lookout for good manners so that we will not fall for malicious thoughts. Because if you are not good, you will have a tendency to dispute others. Mahisgutan pud nang bahin sa pag proteksyon sa kinaiyahan? Do you also discuss about the protection of the environment? Oo, apil pud na, kanang dili dapat mamutol ug mga kahoy. Yes, we also discuss about that, that it’s forbidden to cut trees. How about the watershed? Naa poy kabahin sa watershed? Oo, bahin anang dili mag hugaw-hugaw sa tubig, dili mag tumba daplin sa sapa kay mahubsan unya nang tubig, kay ang kahoy naghatag man pud ug dugang tubig diha sa sapa. Patrolan gyud na namo ang watershed diha, ga monitor mi permi ana. Yes, about taking good care of the water, of not letting anyone cut trees near the river because the river might dried up, because trees also provides additional water to the river. We always patrol and monitor the watershed. 4. When was your Bantay Gubat organized? Kanus-a gani natukod Datu ang inyong bantay gubat? 2012 man yata to, nakalimot lang ko unsa tong bulana. I think it was in the year of 2012, I just forgot the month. Who organized it? Kinsa may nagtukod ana ninyo diri? Kami lang nag sabot-sabot ana diri unya ning abot si Sir Joshua (PEF), gi tabangan dayon mi niya ug proseso. The community just agreed that we have to have a Bantay Gubat then Sir Joshua from PEF came in and he help us in the process. Before Sir Joshua helped you in the processing, who initiates it first? Pero sa wala pa si Sir Joshua nga ning abot dinhi para tabangan mo, kamo ra gyud nag initiate ani? Kami ra gyud, sa amo ra gyung komunidad nga gusto namo bantayan ang kalasangan kay ancestral domain man ni. We alone in the community because we want to protect the forest area since it’s an ancestral domain. Have you heard of B+WISER? Nakadungog naka Datu aning B+WISER? Nakadungog na pero murag wala pa siguro sila kaabot dinhi kay wala pa man ko kadungog nga naa nay B+WISER dinhi. I have heard about that but I think they have not reach here because I haven’t heard of B+WISER in the area. So your Bantay Gubat was already organized before Sir Joshua came in to help in the process? So, nabuo na inyong bantay gubat ayha ni abot si Sir Joshua para magtabang sap ag proseso? Oo, kay silbi gi legal na lang ang dagan sa forest guard. Yes, it just being legalized. 4a. How many members are there in your Bantay Gubat? How many men? How many women? 39 tanan, 15 ka babae ug 24 ka lalaki. 388 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Pila ka miyembro ani tanan sa forest guard ninyo? 39 members, 15 women and 24 men. 4b. How big is the coverage of your Bantay Gubat or foot patrol? Unsa ka dako o pila ka ektarya ang inyong sakop sa pag patrol o pag bantay? Kaning sulod sa among ancestral domain, 4,700 hac. ni kay naa na may titulado diha sa mga daplin-daplin, gi deduct na to, nahimong sobra 3,000 hac. na lang ang nabilin. We have 4,700 hectares inside our ancestral domain, but some adjacent areas were titled already and it was deducted to the total areas so that makes it 3,000 plus hectares remains. So, you are just guarding the more than 3000 hectares? So mao na lang na inyong gi bantayan karon, ang sobra 3,000 ka ektarya? Oo. Yes 5. Did you attend trainings about Environmental Law Enforcement? Naka apil baka Datu ug mga trainings kalabot sa pagpatuman sa balaod alang sa kinaiyahan o kaning Environment Law Enforcement? Kapila nako nag attend ana ma’am. I have attended several trainings already. Did you attend any trainings conducted by B+WISER? Naka apil ka ug trainings nga ang nagpasiugda B+WISER Wala pa gyud. Not yet. What trainings were you involved in? Unsa man nga mga trainings imong naapilan? Kaning trainings sa ancestral domain. Trainings about ancestral domain. What kind of trainings did you have? Unsa man inyong gi trainging ato? Bahin sa kinaiyahan, bahin sa pamalaud sa gobyerno ug pamalaud sa LGU. About the environment, about the law of the government and laws of LGU. How about laws on the protection of environment Sa pamalaud sa kinaiyahan kung unsaon pag protektar niani? Oo, kana. Kay lisod man gud kung wala kay hibaw-an diha kay dako-dako gud pud na nga area inyong protektahan. Yes, because it’s hard if you’re not knowledgeable because we have to protect a very large areas. 389 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Aside from that, what other trainingshave you attended? Gawas ana nga training, unsa pa gyud nga mga training imong naapilan? Kanang gikan sa Philippine Eagle Foundation. From the Philippine Eagle Foundation. What kind of trainings did you have? Bahin sa unsa inyong gi training ana Datu? Bahin sa proteksyon sa wild animals. Proteksyon sa ancestral domain, kinaiyahan. About the protection of wild animals. Protection of the ancestral domain and the environment. 5a. Kadtong training ninyo kabahin sa pamalaud bahin sa gobyerno, sa kinaiyahan, kinsay naghatag ug training ato? (Who conducted the trainings about the government laws and environmental laws?) Gi sugo to sila ni Mayor Duterte. Think they were asked by Mayor Duterte. 5b. What did you learn about the trainings? Unsa poy inyong nakat-unan ani nga mga trainings? Kanang balaod sa imong gi training, tukma ba sa balaod didto sa balaod sa ancestral domain. Unsay imong nahibaw-an sa training, mao poy among gi tuman. The law that we have trained, was it exact as to the law of the ancestral domain. We follow what we have learned from the training. Did you heard about the LAWIN? Kanang LAWIN, nakadungog naka ana? Wala pako kadungog ana, pero naa koy mabasahan ana, kanang naa sa sakyanan. Murag wala pa na nakapasok dinhi. I have not heard about that but I have read something about that in a car I think and it did not enter here in our area yet. Did you receive a tablet? Nakadawat ba mo Datu ug tablet? Naa mi ana sa PEF sa Malagos, nagamit na na dinhi sa mga bata, kanang sakop namo sa Bantay Gubat. We have that already in the PEF in Malagos, it was already used here by our young Bantay Gubat. Where they trained about that? Gi training sila ana Datu? Oo, didto sa Malagos. Yes, in Malagos. How many times did you use the tablet? Kapila pa ninyo nagamit ang tablet? Ka isa pa. Once only. What is the difference in using the tablet now compared when you’re just doing things manually? Unsa may kabaghu-an nga nahitabo nga naa nay tablet inyong gigamait kaysa atong mag manual￾Mas mayo tong naay tablet kay automatic naman to nga makarga didto. Unsay madungog nimo sa area, tuplok-tuplok lang ka sa tablet, human dayon. Ug dapat ipadayon lang gihapon na para masanay ang mga bata ug gamit. It’s better to have the tablet because it’s easier, what you would hear or observed in the area, you just touch or swipe it in the tablet then it’s done. And it should be continued so that we will be adept in using it. 390 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES manual pamo? 6. As Bantay Gubat organization, do you have an enforcement plan? Isip usa ka bantay gubat, aduna ba kamoy nahimo nga plano sa pagpatuman sa programa sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Naay balaod nga maong gisunod sa ancestral domain nga bantayan nimo ang kinaiyahan sa tubig, sa kahoy. Kanang mag guba sa kinaiyahan, bantayan gyud na nimo. Ug kanang nay mo sulod unya mamaligya, dili naman na pwede. Naa poy balaod sa forest guard nga kanunay gyud ka magbantay, dili pud magpasagad ug sulod diha (forest) kay basin naay baksan, mapaakan nuon ka. Mag monitor mi sa kalasangan. There’s a law that we follow from the ancestral domain that we have to look out for the water and trees. And that we have to look out for those who will destroy the environment. There are those who will enter in the area and have to sell part of it but it’s not allowed anymore. There’s also a law in the forest guard that we have to always watch the area and not to enter the forest area just like that because you might encountered large snake. We also do monitoring in the area. 6a. Who formulated the enforcement plan? Kinsa man ang naghimo sa plano sa inyong enforcement plan? Kami ra. Naabot na na didto sa ADSDPP, sa ancestral domain, gi saysay gyud na siya didto nga dili pwede yatakan ang customary law ug tradition sa tribo. We just make them. It was already gotten to ADSDPP, it was being explained there that the customary law and the tradition of tribe should not be abused. 6c. What enforcement operation did you perform to implement the plan? Unsa pa gyud nga mga balaod inyong gipatuman? Pananglitan naa mi masakpan nga mamutol ug kahoy, amo na siyang ipatawag, among imbestigaran, unya paghuman nga dili gyud siya mo amin, amo nang ipasa sa police. Gani naa nami gipadakop, bisan si kapitan (brgy. Capatain) diha, nadakpan na na. Example if we found someone cutting a tree, we will call his attention and we investigate, if in case he will not claim what he’s done, we will turn him over to the police. In fact we already have captured even the Brgy Captain here. 6d. Do you have records on that? Naa moy mga blotter ana? Oo naa. Naa man na kang Sir Joshua (PEF) Naa poy nagbutang didto ug baka duol sa suba, dili na diri sa Davao, taga didto gyud na sa Cotabato side. Among gi badlong, hantud karon wala na ning balik, nabilin iyang baka diha, gi hinay-hinay nag gulgol sa mga tao. Yes we have. It’s with Sir Joshua (PEF). There was also someone placing a hordes of cow near the river and they’re not from here, they’re from Cotabato side, we called there attention and until now they have not returned and there cows were left behind. How many cows were there? Pila man kabuok iyang baka diha 12 ka buok. Alangan naa naka butang sa ancestral domain, naa pa gyud sa water protected shed, protected territory, unya nganong ibutang man niya ang baka diha, nga mahugawan na ang tubig, unsaon na lang pag inom sa mga tao. Ambo tug nganong wala na kabalik ang tag-iya sab aka, Mayor pa raba to siya unya dili raba taga Davao. 12 heads. It was place in the ancestral domain and near the watershed area, a protected territory, so why placed the cow there when the water might get contaminated. 391 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Do you impose penalty? Pananglitan ipatawag nimo kay husayon, unsa may penalty o fines sa masakpan? Ug dili gyud siya magtuman, naa gyuy penalty. Kung gamay ra iyang kasupakan mga 5,000.00, kung dako iyang kasupakan, mga sobra 100,000.00 gyud. If they will not follow, we will impose penalty. If they commit a minor violation, there penalty is 5,000.00, and if the violation committed is huge, the penalty is 10,000.00 If we say small penalty, what kind of violations being done? Kung mo ingon ta ug gamay nga kasupakan, unsa man na nga klase sa kasupakan? Kanang nag yatak na sa katungod sa community. Those who do not respect the rights of the community. Like what? Sama pananglit sa? Kanang dili taga dinhi unya mo sulod dayon dili magpahibalo, naa na nay penalty ana, kay iya nang gitumban ang katungod sa community ana. Those who are not from here that will gain entry without informing us, we impose penalty on them because they don’t respect the community. But as forest guard, do you also have penalty for those you apprehend? Pero kanang isip usa ka forest guard, naa pud moy penalty ana sa inyong madakpan? Naa, katong 5,000.00 Yes, the 5,000.00 Unsa may nahimo ana nga salaud? (What kind of liability they have done?) Kanang mamutol ug uway, mamutol ug kahoy. Those who cut trees and rattan. Those who were given a penalty of 10,000.00, what did they do? Kanang ma penaltihan ug 100,000.00, unsa may gi himo ana? Dako na ang nahimo ana, namutol na siya ug dagkong kahoy. Unya apil na diha ang manghilabot ug tawo diha sulod sa community. The violation is big by cutting big trees. As well as not doing good from the people in the community. Pananglitan ug naay inyong madakpan unya dili na nimo mahusay, I deretso na nimo sa police? Oo, deretso na gyud na didto. Ma preso gyud na siya. Yes, they will go directly to prison. Pila man pud ka adlaw ma preso? Kutob sa sentensya niya. Kay doble naman ang salaud niya, gi supak niya ang balaud sa community ug balaud sa gobyerno. As long as it takes. Because the violations done are double, he violates the law of the community and the law of the government. 6f. Unsa man poy partisipasyon sa mga kababayen￾an sa pagpatuman sa kalihukan sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan? Mo duty pud na sila. Pareha ra sa amo. Pananglit mag patrol name, dapat mo uban gyud among asawa. They will also patrol, just like with men, they do what we do. Wife should accompany their husband. 392 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Kanang mga forest guard nga babae, mga asawa ra pud na ninyo? Oo. Yes. Naa poy forest guard ninyo nga babae nga walay bana? Or kung minyo man, dili forest guard iyang bana? Wala mi ana. We don’t have that. Nganong ingon ana man ang pamaagi? Kay amo nang gilikayan ang dili maayong estorya bah, kanang tsismis-tsismis bah. Because we avoid that kind of talk or gossip. What were the participation of the women? So unsa may ginabuhat sa mga babae sa pag patrol? Mao gihapon sa amo, mag monitor pud sila. Kung naa silay madunggan, naa silay telescope, automatic dayon nga mag record na sila. Pareho ra among mga lalaki. The same with us, they also do monitoring. If they can observe anything, they automatically record it. 7. Did you receive any support or assistance as Bantay Gubat? And what kind of support was this?) Aduna ba kamoy nadawat nga suporta sa inyong trabaho isip Bantay Gubat? Ug unsa man pud kini klase sa suprta nga inyong nadawat? Naa mi suporta ana, naa mi telescope, naa mi camera, naay botas, nay raincoat. Naa pud mi libreng baon nga pagkaon. We have support; we have telescope, camera, boots and raincoat. We also have free foods. What else? Unsa pa? Naa pud mi tag three hundred pesos kada usa namo, kada mag patrol mi. We also receive 300.00 in every patrol. Usually, how many days do you patrol? Kasagaran, pila mo ka adlaw mag patrol? Usahay mag semana, usahay tulo ka adlaw, usahay lima ka adlaw, usahay duh aka adlaw. Sometimes a week, sometimes 3 days or 5 days or 2 days, it depends. Ka pila man pud mo mag patrol sa usa ka bulan? (How many times do you patrol in a month?) Once a month only. 7a. Where did the support came from?) Asa gikan ang suporta? Sa Philippine Eagle Foundation (PEF). From PEF. 7b. How do you assess the kind of support that you receive? Unsay imong tan-aw sa suporta nga inyong nadawatan? Nakatabang gyud kaayo ma’am kay naa ma mi saktong magamit kung mag patrol nami. Pero unta madugang dugangan gamay ang honorarium namo (laughing). It really helps a lot because we have enough things to use in the area. But maybe they can increase our honorarium a little. (Laughing) Is their livelihood here? Income namo sa una, gipalit ug baboy, baktin, nay manok ug kanding. 393 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Naay livelihood pud dinhi? Our income before were bought into livestock, poultry and goats. And now? Karon? Wala na, naghulat na lang pud ug nay livelihood moa bot. We have none; we are just waiting for another livelihood to come. So you have livelihoods before? So naay livelihood ninyo sa una? Naay carabao sa una, sa tuig 2005 We have Carabaos way back in the year 2005. Do you have livelihood as being bantay gubat? Were you given any? Sa karon, kaning inyong pag bantay gubat, naay livelihood ninyo nga nadawatan? Kamulo pa gi proseso ni Sir Joshua karon. It was being process by Sir Joshua (PEF). 8. What prblems have you encountered in performing your task as Bantay Gubat, especially in enforcement activities? Unsa may mga problema nga inyong naagian sa pagpatuman sa inyong tahas isip Bantay Gubat, ilabi na sa pagpatuman sa mga kalihukan kalabot sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan ug kalasangan? Dili gyud na mawala, kay ako mohatag sa ila ug kaayuhan unya naa toy gusto, naa poy dili gusto, mao to ang mangaway, maghimo ug estorya nga dli mao, mag tsismis2x, hantud karon gi intriga man ko didto sa pikas nga grupo. It cannot be helped, because I just want to make better things to the community, there are those who agreed and some does not, and those who do not agree with me will make stories against me. Why is that? Ngano man daw? Nga ako bagtik (isog) daw ko. Kay alang-alang mo uban ka atong dautan nga dili man to mao. That I am tough. And I don’t have plan to join those who are not doing any good. Unsa pa gyud? Unsa pay inyong problema nga gakaagian? (What other problems have you encountered?) Naa poy mga hulga-hulga, imbis pasabton nimo dili man gyud kasabot, ihatag na dayon ka sa pikas. Unya ingnon dayon ko nga magbantay lang kay naay NPA nga mo kuan nako, unsa may labot nako anang NPA tawon, dili man pud ko mahadlok kay sakto man akong gibuhat. There are also threats, whatever explanation you give to them, they will not understand. Sometimes those who threaten me would say that I have to look out for the NPA, but I am not scared because I know that I’m making the right thing. 8a. What challenges are faced in ELE or being a Bantay Gubat?) Kay sa ako lang nahibaw-an diha, sa akong pagka leader, bisan unsay dangatan nako, dili nako mo atras kay kaayuhan ang akong gi dala sa community. 394 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Unsay mga hagit sa pagpatuman sa mga kalihukan sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan o paglihuk isip Bantay Gubat? As what I have known as leader, whatever happens to me, I will not back out because I am bringing a noble cause to the community. 9. What lessons/positive experiences can you share with us as Bantay Gubat? Unsa may mga maayong pagtulon-an o positibong kaagi ang imong mapaambit isip us aka Bantay Gubat? Kung wala ko maka apil anang mga trainings, dili pud ko kabalo unsaon pagpatuman sa mga balaod, kung naay problema mo abot, unsaon nimo paghusay kung ikaw mismo walay nahibaw-an, importante gyud ang trainings, kay kung wala ka naka training, magpataka lang man pud ka. If I have not attended in all those trainings, I don’t know how to really enforce the law if problem arises, how can you implement if I myself don’t know how, so trainings are very important. 395 3. ENERGY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Name: Reinero Medrano Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment:: Position in teh Company (or Office): Manager of External Stakeholder Relationship Group Agency / Office: Energy Development Corporation Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Province: North Cotabato Municipality: Kidapawan City Others: Date of Interview: November 26, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: 3:25 PM Time Ended: 4:10 PM KII with Forester Reinerio Medrano, EDC Manager of External Stakeholder Relations Group, 26 November 2015, Eva’s Hotel, Kidapawan City 396 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What is the role of your office on the B+WISER project and on MANP?) Yung EDC is an energy project developer within the geothermal reservation that is basicall 701 geothermal reservation that is situated within the MANP, So meron kaming engagement directly indirectly with the communities and the other stakeholders like the LGU and other agencies, immediately within our area of operation kaya that incudes of the DENR, it includes then the NCIP. EDC is an energy project developer within the geothermal reservation that is basically 701 hectares Geothermal reservation that is situated within the MANP. So we have a direct indirect engagement with communities and the other stakeholders like the LGU and other agencies. Within our area of operation, DENR and NCIP are immediately included. Your work is to coordinate with the stakeholders? Pero yun mismomg trabaho mo coordination with the stakeholders? Yes, basically dalawang department yung hinahawakan ko which is a watershed development department and tung isa communities partners development department. Yung watershed department basically is on the watershed management of a within the 701 hectares, yung CDP is very strong ang focus noon is the community, so meron siyan HELEN (health, Education, livelihood and Environment), our relationship with the communities very strong. Yes. Basically I hold 2 departments which are a Watershed Development Department and Community Development Partner (CDP). The watershed department is basically on watershed management of within 701 hectares. The CDP is very strong; its focus is the community. CDP composed of HELEN (Health, Education, Livelihood and Environment). Our relationship with the communities is very strong. What year does your partnership with the B+WISER started? Wala namang nagging official or formal although ang EDC invited sa workshop nang B+WISER, one of this is on the area of ecotourism nang MANP and based on EDC’s observation, they’re responsible on consolidating yung mga policies kasi iba-iba yung, anjg laki kasi nung Mt. Apo and may mga political boundaries yan at may kanya-kanyang LGUs and before iba-iba yung policies especially yung mga fees, rates so at least yun na standardized nang B+WISER There is no official or formal partnership with the B+WISER although EDC were invited on the workshops conducted by the B+WISER, one of this is on the area of ecotourism in MANP. Based on ECD’s observation, they’re (B+WISER) responsible on consolidating the policies because it is not unified especially on rates and fees, considering the vastness of Mt. Apo and it has political boundaries and composed of different LGUs. How many workshops were you invited by the B+WISER? Iilang workshop nap o kayo na-invite nang B+WISER sir? Maybe not less than 3 Maybe not less than 3 What year it was started? Mga anong year yun nag-start year? Yung resecnt is ngayon yung sa Biodiversity, this year. Yung iba I cannot remember. The recent workshop which is the Biodiversity was this year. I cannot remember the rest of the workshops if when it was conducted. 397 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What is your partnership with B+WISER? What support did B+WISER provide? What support you provide to B+WISER? Siguro yung participation naming sa trainings nila and conference, yung mga inventation nila and also doon sa tourism nagpa-participate ang EDC doon. Maybe our participation on their trainings and conferences and on their interventions. EDC participates also on tourism aspect. What is the difference with the presence of B+WISER that you noticed? Do you have an established livelihood with the B+WISER? Do you have your own livelihood projects before B+WISER? Farming, tawag naming diyan Income generating learning farm then dalawa ang product, the crops and people. Dapat ang product nimo tao na may maayos na values. And then binibigyan naming nang importance yung partners. Ini-engage sa meeting, tinatanong among problem ang na encounter niyo then tinatanong paano niyo kaya ma solve to. Farming and we called it Income generating learning farm and then it has two products which is the crop and the people. Your product must be the people that have good values. And then we really give importance to partners. We engage them on the meeting, they were asked on the problems encountered and how it might be solve. What is your contribution in preserving the MANP? Basically physical, more than 700 hectares na reforestation nagawa naming, beyond the 701 because the 701 is kita ang vegetation so we do our reforestation outside the 701 which is basically Mt. Apo. It is basically physical. More than 700 hectares reforestation was done which is beyond 701 hectares because on the 701 hectares vegetation is obvious. So we do our reforestation outside 701 hectares which is basically in Mt. Apo. How many hectares you go beyond in reforestation? Mga ilang hectares kayo na lumampas? Siguro mga 700 hectares, that is our direct contribution on the physical development of Mt. Apo I think 700 hectares and that is our direct contribution on the physical development of Mt. Apo. Other contribution? Of course yung community, ako ang analysis ko, the reason why reforestation is being successful kasi alam naming natin ang makakasira niyan number 1 talaga is tao kaya pagka-inareglo mo yung reason why people are disturbing the forest, basically directly contribute to the success of reforestation or any watershed intervention that is beneficial to the physical environment of the watershed, so kami malakas an gaming community development program. I think it is equally important, malaking impact or contribution nang EDC sa Mt. Apo where the intervention directly goes to the people. Ang aking tingin doon ang pinaka malaking nagbi-benefit don ay ang preservation and protection nang Mt. Apo where we operate otherwise pupunta ang tao doon wasak ang bundok but here very strong an gaming education and livelihood program and we even go to the area of health and culture nila and of course the environment 398 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES My analysis the reason why reforestation is being successful because of them. We are all aware that people is really the one who can cause forest destructions, so when you mitigate the reason why people are disturbing the forest, basically it is directly contributes to the success of reforestation or any watershed intervention that is beneficial to the physical environment of the watershed. So our community development program is so strong. I think it is equally important; it is the EDC’s huge impact or contribution to Mt. Apo where the intervention directly goes to the people. Preservation and protection of Mt. Apo where we operate gained huge benefit from it. Otherwise people will go there and to cause devastation of the mountain but here our education and livelihood is very strong and even on the area of health and their culture and of course the environment. Do you have reforestation program? Oo, HELEN. Ang watershed or forest restoration ay ginagawa sa dalawang pamamaraan, yung isa ay direct intervention which is reforestation, yung indirect intervention is the community development, its about people, community, yung isa is about physical environment. We have a strong program in a community development and when we do that especially when we inject value formation, yung physical environment is well protected, it will take time pero it is sustainable. Lahat nang nakapaligid sa amin at meron pa kaming tinutulongan at 10 kilometer radius kkaya nga yung Makilala, Magpet sila yung host community Material support like planting material, fertilized, resources and even tuition fee for school,may scholar kami. We have a serious program on education. Meron kamin trade school. Yes, HELEN. Watershed or forest restoration is done in two (2) ways, (1) is the direct intervention which is reforestation and it is about physical environment.(2) the indirect intervention which is the community development and it is about people, community. We have a very strong program in the community and when we do that we inject value formation. The physical environment is well protected; it will take time but is sustainable. We helped everyone surrounding us. And we are helping at 10 kilometers radius; Makilala and Magpet are the host community. We provide support like planting materials, fertilizer, resources and even school tuition fees since we have scholars. We have a serious program on education. We also have trade school. How is your relationship between B+WISER? Do you have MOU/MOA signed between the B+WISER? Supposedly meron sanang institutionalized partnership pero hindi natuloy. There is institutionalized partnership supposedly but was not pursue. What is the reason why it was not pursue? Anong dahilan bakit hindi natuloy? Parang kung sino ang signatories and everything parang hindi naman dapat (laughed). Problem on signatories and everything which I think not necessary (laughed). 399 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Do you have problems in encountered in communication? Any problems you have encountered with B+WISER? Wala namang hindi pagkaintindihan. We have no disagreement between them. Do you have IEC tools produced between B+WISER and your office? What are the challenges you faced as of now with the B+WISER project? Do you have formulated ELE? Yes.especially nung earlier years nang EDC, when EDC watershed program very strong ang kanyang law enforcement. We do have forest guards, meron kaming confiscation. Nung latter years na nagshift kami sa management of people, mas nag-invest kami, focus sa development kasi nagkaroon kami nang, it is not ddifficult to understand na hindi pwede yung punitive,ipakilong mo nang ipakulong because the reason is may need sila eh, basically economic needs and education also, and I think mas long term ang effect Yes especially on the earlier years of EDC. When EDC watershed program implemented, law enforcement is very strong, we do have forest guards and confiscation happens. Then during the latter years, we shifted on the management of the people, we invested on it focusing on the development. It is not difficult to understand that punitive cannot be executed always because the reason why people do violations is they have their needs, basically economic needs and education as well. And I think the effect is long term. What do you think is the status of ELE now? Sa tingin mo anong status ngayon nang ELE sa MANP? Natigil na talaga, wala na kaming, I cant speak for other It was stopped, we don’t have it anymore and I can’t speak for others. How about on your personal assessment on how ELE being implemented? Yung personal assessment mo on how they implement ELE? On the ground, kung wala ang EDC doon matagal na nakalbo ang area kasi yung ibang area I cannot speak for them pero in our area were we have influenced, wala nang kaingin diyan, wala nang logging as early as 1980’s. Dito sa MANP ako pshysically nilalakad ko,tinitingnan ko walang violation na. now kasi kami ngayon is more on partnership na with the community, unlike before habolan kami.nagyon we are on partnership with them sa physical development, the watershed and also the people. On the ground, without EDC on the area, it is already deforested long before, I cannot speak for other areas but on our area of influenced, kaingin were already stopped and logging as early as 1980’s. I physically do the walking on the MANP, I observed violations been eradicated. Our partnership now is more on the community on the physical development, the watershed and also the people. Have you formulated ordinances regarding environmental and forest management program? Well ang mga propopsals if there are and I think marami is through the PAMB. 400 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES I think it has through the PAMB. Have you suggested ordinances to the PAMB? Nagsuggest kayo sa PAMB? Oo, kasi regular member ang EDC sa PAMB. Actually it is not more on policy or ordinance, ang talagang intervention naming is direct physical development. Yes since we are a PAMB’s regular member. Actually it is not more on policy or ordinance. Our intervention is really a direct physical development. Are there changes in environment and forest protected area after partnering with B+WISER? Problems encountered in performing your task related to forest and protected area management MANP? What are the lessons learned in performing your task? The watershed management can never be successful if it’s purely environmental, there should be a very strong economic consideration in watershed management, you should have a very strong economic business case without that you cannot rely a lifetime grant on financial institution for environmental reason. If the watershed management have a strong economic aspect, because utilization of resources is always recommended on any watershed management loop. Sinasabi ko sa NGO, ako graduate nang Los Banos sa college nang forestry marami akong libro nabasa local and international, wala akong nakita diyan sa lobro na ipanagbawal ang pagputol nang kahoy, ang nire-recommend nga niyan is putolin like kailangan mo nang TSI, kasi kailangang e-utilized yan, the problem is yung rate of utilization, yung pagbabalik nang kalikasan yun pagputol hindi timbang, mas mabilis yun. Yung watershed ngayon should be able to sustain its own environment or condition. In any endeavor of man, sustainability is anchored or based on value formation. The watershed management can never be successful if it’s purely environmental, there should be a very strong economic consideration in watershed management, and you should have a very strong economic business case without that you cannot rely on a lifetime grant from financial institution for environmental reason. If the watershed management have a strong economic aspect, because utilization of resources is always recommended on any watershed management loop. I told to the NGO “ I am a graduate from Los Banos, College of forestry, I have read a lot of books both local and international but I haven’t read that cutting of trees is prohibited”, in fact it is recommended to be cut off like TSI is needed becuase it must be utilized. The problem is on the rate of the utilization, the recovery of the forest, the cutting activities is excessive and not in balance. The watershed should be able to sustain on its own environment or condition. In any endeavor of man, sustainability is anchored or based on value formation. 401 3. ENERGY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Name: Ronnie Guangco Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment:: Position in the Company (or Office): Watershed Management Department Supervisor Agency / Office: Energy Development Corporation Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Others: Date of Interview: November 27, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: 3:15 PM Time Ended: 4:00 PM KII with Forester Ronnie Guangco, EDC Watershed Management Department Supervisor, Eva’s Hotel, Kidapawan City 402 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What is the role of your office on the B+WISER project and on MANP?) Ang EDC member sa PAMB, so kung unsa tong mga activities sa PAMB nga gihimo sa B+WISER apil ang EDC. The EDC is a member of PAMB, so we are involved whatever the activities of PAMB conducted by the B+WISER. Are you the representative of EDC for B+WISER? Ikaw ang ginapadala sa EDC sa B+WISER? Oo, sa mga engagement namo sa B+WISER akoy ginapadala. Yes on our every engagement to B+WISER I am the representative. What year does your partnership with the B+WISER started? Dili na kayo ko karemember basta pag-introduce sa B+WISER naa ko ato, sa Digos ba to or Davao. Taod￾taod na nato. I can’t remember the year, all I can remember is I was there when B+WISER introduced; I think that happened in Digos or Davao. So, was the partnership starts there? So, didto nagstart ang inyong partnership? Dili ingon na kami gyud,as PAMB kat tungod apil mi sa PAMB. Partnership was through PAMB since we are a PAMB member. What is your partnership with B+WISER? Isa is nkaapil ko atong pag-craft nila sa ecoutorism camp management ug sa katong trekking policy. Ang gaplastar ang ana sa trekking si Joey Remecillia, ga plastar didto sa Samal, workshop to, then naa nato siyay manual One is I was able to join when Ecotourism camp management and the trekking policy was crafted. The lay out was done by Sir Joey and the workshop held in Samal. What support did B+WISER provide? Support sa amoa wala pa. kato lagi unta to sa MOA kay halos-halos man gud ang activity nila katong sa mga BNS ug sa protection naa na pod mi didto. No support yet from them. We have MOA supposed to be but were not pursue. We already have programs on almost all of their activities like BNS and on protection. How big is the area your company managed in MANP? Naa man mo gi manage didto sa MANP, unsa kadako? Dako na. ang area namo of reservation is 701 tapos ang na restore, ang na reforest namo since na 1992, nastart among operation 1992 until karon, almost 1,140 Our area of reservation is 701 hectares. We have reforested since 1992 up to now about almost 1,140 hectares. What is your contribution in preserving the MANP? Ang reforestation, EDC ang gakuan sa labor cost sa establishment and maintenance cost. Ang gitapped niya na mga, nag-organized man gud ang company ug farmers association.kung mao ni ang 701 ang palibot diha na community, gi kuan na mo na mga farmers association, pagkatapos kato sila mga farmer association gi tapped namo sa refo. Ang refo project sa EDC is outside na reservation pero within the park kay wala naman gud mi Makita nga e-reforest dinhi sa sulod kay intact man ang forest tapos katong among gi￾develop dati naman to nga mga kaingin areas. So pagsulod sa EDC minimum lang gyud ang distruction ato, wala na gyud mi Makita mao to ninggwas mi sa park para pod matabangan kay commitment pod namo to sa DENR ug sa mga communities nga naa mi gi-reforest. 403 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES The reforestation. EDC shoulder the labor cost and maintenance cost. The company organized farmers association in the area of our operation and they are being tapped on our reforestation. Reforestation project of EDC is outside the reservation but within the park, since the forest inside the reservation is intact then the area which we develop is where kaingin was being practiced before. The moment EDC started its operations, destructions was at minimum, so that’s why our reforestation is outside the park since that’s our commitment to DENR and to the communities. What are the role of the farmer’s association that your company organized? Unsay role sa farmers association nga inyong gi-buo? Sila to ang among gi tapped sa mga activites sa reforest from seddling production, katong sa pagtanom, hagbas,tanan-tanan activities sa refo. Tapos aside sa ilahang sweldo, gitagaan pod na sila 15% add on gikan sa company para himoon to nila nna capital build uppara sa ilang association, kung contrata nila 10,000 dagdagan siya ug 1,500, mao na ang para sa ssocition para sa capital build up para kung mo daghan nato mao na to ilang kuhaan sa ilang livelihood sa association. They are the one we tapped on our activities of reforestation from seedling production to planting, cleaning and all the activities on reforestation. Then aside from the compensation they gained, the company provides 15% add on from their compensation and it goes to Association’s capital build up and that fund will be their source of their Association’s livelihood. What is their role after reforestation? Protection. Are they considered as forest guard? Matawag pod nato sa ila nga forest guard? Separate pod na siya, ang company naay gitawag nga forest development ranger, tapos katong community dito sa taas gakuan mi katong mga aid, sila kibali ang among kauban sa pag-monitor pero ang company naa gyud kaugalingon nga forest development ranger tapos dili lang ingon nga pangsuroy-suroy lang sa bukid, pangprotection, sila na gyud to nagkuan sa watershed management na project, sila to nag-implement katong mga forest development ranger ug sila pod ang nagmonitor, so gamay ra man to, tulo ra sila, mao nagkuha mi sa community katong kibali alalay para kauban namo didto sa poagmonitor sa taas We have a separate forest guards. The company has what we called Forest Development Ranger, then the community in the area serves as aid, they are our partner during monitoring. The Forest Development Rangers are not only into patrolling and protection, they are the one also who implement the watershed management project. We only have 3 Forest Development Rangers, that’s why we obtain aids from the community. Do you have reforestation program? Naa. Nagsugod mi 1992 tapos sa katong DNS, sa Biodiversity Conservation on Moinitoring Project (BCMP) partner man gyud na namo ang UP-Diliman ug and Central Mindanao University (CMU) Yes. We have started since 1992 on the reforestation. Then we have BNS and the Biodiversity Conservation on Monitoring Project (BCMP), our partners are UP-Diliman and the Central Mindanao University (CMC). How is your relationship between B+WISER? Okay man ang relationship namo sa B+WISER, kung mapatawag sila ug meeting, sa discussion. naay trainings sa katong WEO nga is aka FGR namo nga naka-attend Our relationship with B+WISER is good. We participate on the meetings and discussions. One of our FGR attended the WEO training they conducted. 404 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Do you have MOU/MOA signed between the B+WISER? Wala. Naa toy giluto sauna pero kaso lang wala na to na materialized kay mao to naay problema kung kinsay mag-sign. Mao tong ingon na wala na, kung unsay kuan collaborate nalang None. There is supposed to be but was not materialized because of the problem on signatories. We only collaborate on whatever activities they have. Do you have problems in encountered in communication? Any problems you have encountered with B+WISER? Wala man. Ang kuan man gud namo sa B+WISER as part sa PAMB member, dili mi directly involve sa B+WISER, involved me didto sa kung naay activity ang B+WISER sa PAMB, diha name ma involve pero katong one on one interaction with B+WISER wala None. As part of the PAMB, as a member and that’s Our connection only with B+WISER, we are not directly involved. We are only involved if the B+WISER has an activity with the PAMB. Have you formulated ordinances regarding environmental and forest management program? Naa mi mga protocol sa company. Isa inig mosulod sa project health, environment, safety, security na aspect. Tapos katong refo sa taas, required na HHTS gihapon sa katong health safety environment na protocol, ug katong sa dili ingon na ordinance. Naa pod mi forest protection plan ug watershed management plan gihapon. Kay ang tanan ngamga activity didto naka-angkla man guddd sa watershed management plan (WMP), sa watershed management plan, naay mga activities didto tapos unsay mga do’s and donts. The company has protocols. (1) is when you gain entry on the project, Health, environment, safety, security aspect is required. Then during the reforestation on the area, HHTS also is required, a healthy safety environment protocol. We do have also forest protection plan and watershed management plan because all activities are really anchored on the watershed development plan (WMP) then do’s and don’ts are really stipulated on the watershed management plan activities. Problems encountered in performing your task related to forest and protected area management MANP? Ang mandate namo is sa 701 ra man gyud, sa reservation ra siya pero sa pag-manage namo sa reservation, wla mi na-encounter na problem sa pagkakaron or since 1992 kay wala man gyud mi gipasulod, tapos ang area, kon sa topographydili kayo ingon nga prone kayo s mga illegal cutting kay madungog man gud nimo kung naay magputol tapos kanang kaingin, wala mi problema sa sulod. Gi-extend namo ang kuan kay pangit na pod kayo nga mosulod mi didto, though ang EDC area well managed, makasulti gyud kokay wala gyud mi na encounter diha nga mga problema, na monitor gyud namo tanan, tapos katong mga forest guard namo galihok, ang sa palibot nga mga kuan mao to ang naay mga problema rampant ang mga gakaingin, usahay naay gakuan ug mga uway. Mao na gakuan mi sa DENR, kung naa mi ma observed mo tawag mi sa DENR kay dili man pwede nga kami ang mo action kay outside man sa amoang jurisdiction. So gatabang pod mi dire kay kung mahurot na dako kayo siyag purohan nga mosulod sila sa reservation, mao nan gang amoang mga projects karon naa na dire sa baba katong sa mga binhi, so mura social fence na-na siya. Outside sa reservation sulod sa PAMB, dgahna diha mga kaingin, rampant sa agriculture naa nay mga plantations sa saging, karon problema na pod naay plantation sa passion fruit. 405 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Our mandate is only on 701 hectares reservation but we don’t have problems encountered along on our reservation management as of now and since 1992 because the area also is restricted. Then based on topography, the area is not prone to illegal cutting since doing such activity can easily be noticed or heard, no kaingin activity happened inside the vicinity and everything is well monitored. Then our forests guards are so active. The surrounding area of EDC that has a problem, kainging is rampant and rattan harvesting. When we observed violations, we refer or report it to the DENR since we can’t do actions on it because it is already outside our jurisdiction.so we helped in monitoring to avoid the possibility of encroachment on the reservation and that’s why our projects are outside on our area like the “binhi”; it serves as social fence. Outside the reservation, We observed kaingin activities; agriculture activities are rampant since there is presence of banana plantations and right now the problem is the presence of passion fruit plantations. How did you handle that? Giunsa na ninyo paghandle? Kana siya, na address nan a siya sa, mao nang nakita pod nako nga na kuan sa B+WISER kay naa man to silay programa sa forest protection, gi-organized nila ang community labaw natong sa tribal, gipangkuan nila sa WEO tapos gipang-deputized para maoy partner pod nga magbantay sa area kay cadt man niya siya, katong uban halos-halos pod. Dire sa Kidapawan murag tulo ka cadt yata ni dire, naay cadt sa Kidapawan, naay cadt sa Makilala ug naa sa Mgpet, so katong mga tribal communities naa na silay mga seminars Katong sa restoration, naay part nga murag naay moved pero wala pa gyud kayo, kay sa akoa lang murag daghan pa kayo nga issues e-resolve diha. That was already addressed. B+WISER has programs on forest protections. They organized the community especially those tribal communities. They involved them on the WEO and being deputized so that they would be their partner in monitoring the area since almost of the areas are cadt. I think there 3 cadt areas here, one (1) in Kidapawan, Makilala and Magpet.There are seminars conducted for tribal communities on restoration. But that’s not fully executed since there are still issues that needs to be resolved. What are the lessons learned in performing your task? Kinahanglan kung mo perform ka naa kay commitment tapos ang company todo suporta gyud, kung unsa naay diah e-implement. Ang isa nga nakita gyud nako nga murag successful ang pag-implement katong sa refo kay since 1992 luckily naa pa gyud to hangtod karon, pagsugod gyud ana, part ko ana akoy nagdala. Ang support sa company gwapo gyud siya, both implementor and the company. When you perform, your commitment is really needed and full support from the company. What is there must be implemented. And that’s the reason I see why implementation on reforestation is successful because since 1992 luckily it is really maintained up to now and I am part of that. The company’s support is good and support must come on both the implementer and the company. 406 4. HEDCOR Name: Ms. Junessa Guimalan Age: Sex: Female Educational Attainment: Position in the Company (or Office): Environmental Initiatives Officer Agency / Office: HEDCOR Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Others: 09209632562 / 282 - 4128 Date of Interview: December 1, 2015 Place of Interview: Davao City Time Started: 1:30 PM Time Ended: 2:00 PM Main Occupation or Economic Activity of Key Informant : Private Sector Employee INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What is the role of your offiCe on the B+WISER project and on MANP?) Ang amo man gud facilities is located at MANP, Amoang hydroplant. Duha gyud siya ka planta ang within the MANP, of course ang among ECC, ang among dealing with PAMB before and naa pod mi SAPA so naa mi mga commitments didto na within MANP na dapat amoang e-implement. Our area for Sibulan A 86 hectareas ang among gi-occupy tapos for katong expansion project 12 hectares Our facilities (Hydro-plants) are located at the MANP. We have two Hydro-plant within the MANP, of course we have ECC, our dealing with the PAMB before and we have also SAPA (Special use Agreement within the Protected Area). So we have commitments within the MANP that we must implement. In Sibulan A, our area occupied is 86 hectares then for expansion project is 12 hectares. What year does your partnership with the B+WISER started? This year man ata nga naa gyud sila .Actually ang amoa man gyud target lalo na sa project implementation is naa mi partner para naa mura kahati sa mga expenses,of course sa technical expertise pod magconduct mi ug training kay usahay busy man gyud ni si DENR. Naa lang nag-recommend na B+WISER and pwede namo nga e-partner tapos after that mao na to meeting tapos mao na to gipresent namo sa ilaha ang target for the year tapos gi-check namo kung asa tong pwede sila mosulod or asa didto nga naa silay mga technical expertise. Gi refer sa amoa ang B+WISER by Sir Ragasa I think nga taga-DENR. Just this year. Actually our target especially on project implementation is to have a shareholder partners on expenses and Of course on technical expertise also. We conduct trainings because DENR is so busy most of the time. The B+WISER were referred to us by Sir Ragasa (POSu 5) as our possible partner. After that, meeting conducted, we presented to them our target for the year, then we check where they possible to come in or where their technical expertise can be applied. Unsa pod ang requirement at the beginning of partnership? Kato lang list of activities for the year. 407 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What are the requirements at the beginning of the partnership? Only the activities for the year. What support does B+WISER provide? Kato nagpatrainign sila ug environmental law enforcement sa amoang mga reforestation partners, instead of from DENR or from PAMB of from FMD among kuhaon, sila na. sa ilaha ang speakers, share sila sa todays na food like day 1 amoa, day 2 ilaha. So it is more on technical expertise nga sa ilaha nagagikan ang mga facilitators. They conducted training on ELE on our reforestation partners, instead of partnering from DENR, PAMB or FMD. That was 2 days training, B+WISER provide speakers and we both counterpart on the food. So they provide more on technical expertise. What is the difference with the presence of B+WISER that you noticed? Do you have an established livelihood with the B+WISER? Wala pa Not yet. Do you have your own livelihood projects before B+WISER? Ang kanang sa watershed man gud ang amoang planters is plant owners, so they received 5.00 per seedling nga ilahang itanom and then another 6.00 for every seedling na ilang e-maintain. So ang livelihood nila in a span of three years, ang among maintenamce man, so within 3 years naa silay madawat every quarter, after that katong punoan ilaha na. so aside ana, ang giagian sa amoang system, naa man na silay madawat nga renta pod, so livelihood gihapon na sa ilaha, 25 years na nga kontrata Our planters on the watershed are plant owners. They received 5.00 per seedling they planted and then another 6.00 for every seedling maintained. In a span of 3 years that’s their livelihood and that’s our maintenance period, so within that year they received compensation quarterly and they will acquire ownership on the trees after 3 years. Aside from that, they also received rental fee on the area where our system emplace and it is a 25 years contract. So it is still a form of livelihood. What is your contribution in preserving the MANP? Do you have forest guard? Reforestation, watershed management, yung 86+12 so that’s 88 pero ang among gi-commit na e-reforest is 1,000 hectares. Although 80% lang ang sa MANP, 20% dire sa baba A&D pero 80% sa MNAP amo natong na reforest and na complete na namo ang 1000 hectares na refostation 2014. Yung SAPA fee naa mi bayad 3,000 per hectare. Si DENR mohatag namo ug statement, before mi maka-occupy ug area naay permit ihatag, tapos every year magbayad mi atong SAPA fee, mura siya in a form of rental sa paggamit namo aside from watershesd management activities namo, nigamit man mi na MANP mao mobayad mi, so that’s 3,000 per hectare per year, unya naga-increases siya ug 10% evry year, so next year 3,300 na Reforestation, watershed management, we committed to reforest 1,000 hectares although our total area is only 88 hectares. Although it is only 80% in the MANP and 20% in A&D but 80% in the MANP were already reforested and we already completed the 1,000 hectares reforestation in 2014. We have SAPA fee of 3,000 per hectare. The DENR provides us statement and permit before we can occupy the area. It is somewhat in a form of rental on our activities in MANP aside on watershed management activities we have. So that’s 3,000.00 per hectare per year and its increasing 10% every year. So next year it would be 3,300.00 per hectare. 408 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Do you have reforestation program? Naa mi. We have, as I mentioned earlier. How is your relationship between B+WISER? Okay naman. Murag karon na last quarter busy na pod sila. Naa mi gikuan unta nga katong biodiversity conservation orientation, so at least naa mi option kay naa mi ongoing project pod with UP-MIN, so si UP-MIN nalang ang among gikuha. Katong ELE mura naka 2-3 series mi ato, duha gyud ang among area sila gyud ang among partner. It’s good. We had project on Biodiversity Conservation Orientation, we want them to be involved on it but they are so busy this last quarter, so it’s UP-MIN our other option to be our partner and the project is ongoing with them. On ELE, I think we undergone 2-3 series of meeting with the B+WISER and since we have two areas, they are really our partner. Do you have MOU/MOA signed between the B+WISER? Actually naa sila gi-forward sa amoa na MOU pero wala pa gyud siya na primahan. Gi check pa to s amoang, kay maski ang among Peresident kung mo pirma iug MOU dapat naay secretary certificate na form the mother board na pwede siya mo pirma ug MOA/MOU, kadto murag gi-review tapos even MOU kinahanglan siya e-allign didto sa amoang EEB legal, so murag from 3 sheets, nahimo natong 12 hangtod sa sige ug review wala na pod kayo siya natagaan ug time pero nagpadayaon pa gihapon ang among partnership. Actually they forwarded MOU to us but it wasn’t signed yet. It is still on review because a secretary certificate from our mother unit/board is a must before our President will sign the MOU/MOA and then even MOU needs to be aligned on our EB legal. Upon reviewing it reached to 12 sheets from original 3 sheets MOU and until such it was not given time but the partnership still continues. Do you have problems in encountered in communication? Any problems you have encountered with B+WISER? Wala man None. Do you have IEC tools produced between B+WISER and your office? What are the challenges you faced as of now with the B+WISER project? Do you have formulated ELE? The concept was from them(B+WISER) kay it was just parang IEC pero kanila may structure na law enforcement orientation and after that training for the bantay gubat which during the seminar na appreciate pod nila, parang mas sustainable, naay sequence dili kay basta ano lang maisiop namo nga training, so naay siyay cycle, so yun nga ang next nga step which is supposed to be katong bantay gubat paralegal na wala namo na implement pa although naka program na siya for next year. 409 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES The concept was from them (B+WISER) because it was just like IEC but with them it has a structure on law enforcement orientation. After that training for the Bantay Gubat , which during the seminar they appreciate it. Sustainability is there and the sequence, so there is cycle. So the next step supposed to be is paralegal for the Bantay Gubat but that’s not yet implemented although it is already programmed for next year. Where from is the Bantay Gubat? Asa gikan ang bantay gubat? From the LGU sila ang mag-identify kung kinsa ang willing nga mahiming member sa natay gubat. From the LGU, they are the one to identify who are willing to be a member of the Bantay Gubat. What support will you provide? Kamo unsa ang support? Training, kami ang magprovide sa fund kay mao man na and aside from that si bantay gubat naay mga gamit na kinakailangan, so we can assist them na pwede didto sa ER1-94 ang assistance namo unsaon paghimo sa proposal, murag support lang ang amo kay kung wala pod naga-assit sa uilaha dili pod sila mo lihok We will provide funds for the training and aside from that we can provide assistance on the equipment they need as provided on ER1-94. We assist on proposal formulation. Support is really what we provide for them to be motivated to perform their functions. What is your general impression with B+WISER? If mag-rate 1-5, 4. One is in terms sa expertise and dedication andoon, hindi lang porke may sila may target sila. 2nd is parang dili nimo sila kailangan nga atimanon pa gyud sa site, sa sakyan sila na bahala magkita nalang mi sa site, nakita gyud nako ang partnership If I will rate it 1-5, it would be 4. 1st in terms on their expertise and dedication, it is really there not only because of the target to attain. 2nd in site visitation, you don’t have to look after them, they procure their own needs (e.g. vehicle), partnership is really observed. What problem that B+WISER should confront? Siguro kanang, mga foriegners, although dili man gyud critical ang among area, lahi gyud batsa bisaya ang magtrain sa ilaha or magtudlo, magfacilitate sa semiar. So naay tagalog, naa ton g foreigner pa gyud nga gusto gyud niya nga mag-field, nga dili nako ma gurantee and even the Brg. Captain, although nakuha nako ang drive niya nga gusto niya e-explore ang site. Dapat naa gyud pod bisaya nga magfacilitate Team compositions like there are foreigners, Tagalog on the team although our area is not critical; It makes a difference if the facilitators and the resource persons of the seminar are locals. There is one time, the foreigner wants to go on field but I can’t guarantee the safety even the Brgy. Captain on the area can’t guarantee that although I felt his drive wanting to explore the area. Have you formulated ordinances regarding environmental and forest management program? Si Brgy. Sibulan naa na siya existing pero wala lang siya na implement, na re-enforce and that was the time nga na discover namo nga naa diay silay existing ordinance, during that time. Brgy. Sibulan has existing ordinances but was not implemented and reinforced. Just during the seminar we discover that they have existing ordinances. How about in your office? Sa inyong office? Naa mi, naa mi policy not specific sa MANP, all conditions naa sa MOA namo with DENR sa amoang paggamit sa PA diba banned man ang pag-issue ug CLUP, so in the absence of that MOA nag gi-offer sa amoa, although that’s for 3 years lang kay ang power ni RD ra man daw, so 3 years naga-renew mi. 410 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES We have policies but not specific on MANP, all conditions on our usage of PA were on our MOA with the DENR. CLUP issuance was banned, so in the absence of it, MOA was offered to us. MOA is only good for 3 years and it is renewable. Are there changes in environment and forest protected area after partnering with B+WISER? This year lang man gud pod, its more on seminar lang. dili pa gyud gani ko makaingon na every residence sa Brgy. Sibulan kabalo kung unsa environmental laws, so it’s a work in progress. Amo gyud na ginabutang ang IEC activities naa gyud siya every year part gyud siya sa amoang program Partnerships started just this year and the activities are more on seminars only. I can’t even say that in every resident of Brgy. Sibulan knows the environmental laws, so it’s a work on progress. Every year we have IEC activities and it is part of the program. What are your usual programs implemented? What are the usual program nga inyong ginahim? IEC, tree planting, watershed management, we have river clean up, we have recycling event didto sa area para dili nila pataka ilabay sa sap aba ang ilang mga basura. Ongoing na project or activities namo karon katong gi metion ko with UP-MIN which is the wildlife inventory and biodiversity assessment and the output would be the Biodiversity enhancement plan for 5 years, so we will surely implement on the next 5 years. Aside from sa activities nga among na craft, HEDCOR internal puls the biodiversity enhancement plus the conditions of the MOA plus katong gipang-require ni DENR na dapat namo e-implement, naa siya didto tanan. Pinaka-main partner gyud namo is LGU, schools within the impact barangay. IEC, tree planting, watershed management, we have a river clean up, we have recycling event in the area for them to be responsible of their garbage. Our ongoing project or activities right now is what I have mentioned earlier with the UP-MIN which is the wildlife inventory and biodiversity assessment and the output would be the Biodiversity enhancement plan for 5 years, so we will surely implement it on the next 5 years. Aside on the activities we have crafted, HEDCOR internal plus the Biodiversity enhancement plus the conditions on the MOA plus those required by the DENR to be implemented, all of that is included and our main partner are LGU and schools within the impact barangay. Problems encountered in performing your task related to forest and protected area management MANP? Right now ongoing katong renewal namo sa amoang MOA, sa SAPA tapos mahoman nanlang ang tuig wala pa migawas amoang MOA kay sa ila ga-change-change ilang PASU Right now ongoing is the renewal of our MOA, SAPA. 2015 is about to end but our MOA wasn’t released yet due to changing of personnel in PASU. What are the lessons learned in performing your task? Anag pinaka-main ingredient namo naganong nahimong successful and among activities is ang partner namo is ang LGU. Even if naa dinha ang mga experts, technical experts tapos pa as if it applies to all areas, pero sa amoa we always consult the communities unsa ang inyong guto nga species e-check namo kang DENR kung mosugot sila, ikaduha, unsay gusto ninyo nga livelihood, alangan mag-introduced ka ug bag-o unya dili diay fit sa ilahang lifestyle and constant communication with them maskin pa wala mi activities, balik-balik pakita didto. 411 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Our main ingredient why our activities became successful is because of the partnership with the LGU. Even if there are presence of experts, technical experts and as if it applies to all areas but for us, we always consult the communities on what specie they want, then we have to check it with DENR if it is allowed, 2nd what livelihood they want to have and that must be suitable on their lifestyle and we make sure to have constant communication with them, we visit the area regularly even without activities. 412 5. Buhis Tanom Organization Name: Datu Romulo Arayam Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in teh Company (or Office): Tribal Chieftain Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Others: Date of Interview: December 1, 2015 Place of Interview: Kidapawan City Time Started: 4:10 PM Time Ended: 5:20 PM KII with Datu Romulo Arayam, Tribal Chieftain, BuhisTanom Organization 27 November 2015, Eva’s Hotel, Kidapawan City 413 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What is the name of organization? How many members are there in the organization? Buhis Tanom organization. Ang term nga BuhisTanom minanobo na, sa binisaya, kanang ginatawag nga buhis-lugar na sa amoa nga gitawag, kanang tanom- gipuyan. Sulod sa kwarenta ka barangay ako ang nahulog nga chairman sa kintatibok-an kay sa pagmugna nako ana murag ako ang gituboy nila ani, “kay ikaw man ang nagmugna an, ikaw man ang nkabalo sa pamalaod sa tribo, So ikaw ang himoon namo nga chairman gawas sa tribal chieftain”. Buhis Tanom Organization. Buhis Tanom is a Manobo term. In bisaya term Buhis is a term we called place and the Tanom is where we live. I am the overall chairman within the 40 barangays, they appoint me for the position the moment I created the organization, they said “since you created it and are aware of tribal laws, so we appoint as Chairman aside from being the Tribal Chieftain”. 1. What is the present status of your forest area? Sauna nga murag wala pa namo na mugna ang amoang organization sa tribo, nakig-coordinate mi sa DENR. Sauna daghan ang mga kahoy nga madaot katong mga round timber kay mao na ibalay sa mga tribo, unya kadugayan dili lang sa gagmay hangtod na sa dagko nga lauan pangtumbahon to nila kay ak￾akon himoon nga table, karon ang uban ibalay nila ang uban ibaligya kay para makakaon sila. Sa karon nga panahon nga namugna ang among association dinha tali sa tribal council, sa nawasa (MKWD) gihimo ko nila nga technical working, ikaduha naghimo pod sila ug us aka organization diha nga gitawag nila ug bantay bukid, sa kinse mi kabook, ako ang nahimo gihapon nila nga chairman sa pagprotekta sa kalangasangan hangtod didto nga sige nako operation sa kabukiran sa side sa nawasa, ang among lasang mura nahimong, nabalik siya nahimong virgin forest kay wala naman mamutol kay among ginasangka sila, wala na manguha ug uway, wala nay manguha ug round timber, ug manguha sila among e-report sa DENR. Mao nang sa EDC ug PA sa nawasa murag isa lang ang among gihimo nga balaod, giprotection gyud namo, labi na tong project sa EDC kami mismo nanamon uig kahoy, mao nang gidid-an gyud namo nga putlon ang mga kahoy kay gani dungagan pa kay para atong Mt. Apo mahimo siyang virgin forest gihapon. Ang tubig namo diha bisan gaulan ug one time nga ulan dili pod ingon na mobaha gyud siya ug toda, modako lang siya pero dili ingon na lubog tungod kay ang ulan masala man sa lasang sa kahoy, dili ma landslide tungod sa among pagprotekta.ikaduha murag project namo diha, hangtod karon bisan ang mga langam, mga baboy ilahas tagsa nalang sila ga-engkwetro kay gidid-an pod namo ang maghunting nga successive. So mao na nga ginaproteksiyonan pod namo ang mga hayop didto nga mkaliwat gyud pod sila nga dili pirmanente nga makuhaan. 414 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES We coordinated with the DENR before the tribal organization was created. Plenty of trees were devastated like the round timber since that’s the material they use for house construction of the tribe. Until such point they cut down trees not only the small ones but also those big trees like Lauan and use as materials for making tables, house construction and some sell it in order for them to buy food. Now that our organization was created along with the tribal council, NAWASA (MKWD) they made me as their technical working and they also created an organization which they called Bantay Bukid. They appoint me as Chairman out of the 15 members for the protection of the forest. Until forest operation started for the side of NAWASA, the forest became virgin forest since loggers were eradicated because we combat them, rattan and round timber harvester were eradicated, but if they persistently harvesting we report the activity to the DENR. There is one law created for EDC and NAWASA-PA, we really protect especially on the EDC’s project, we the tribe really plant trees. That’s why cutting down of trees is prohibited and instead planting must be exercised in order for our Mt. Apo to remain as virgin forest. There is one time rain poured so hard but our watershed only increase it size but no flash flood happens, water is still clear, no presence of landslide and that’s all because of the protection we made. Until now even birds, wild pigs are preserved. Successive hunting of animals is prohibited. We also protect those animals in order for them to multiply. 2. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? Bantay bukid. Ang NAWASA. Pero naa mi kaugalingon nga proteksiyon sa amoang ancestral domain nga among gitawag nga vigilante ug sa minanobo pa nga pangalan bagani (murag sundalo sa tribo).kanang Bagani murag rehistrado na sa DOLE, apil na siya sa pagrehistro nako sa DOLE sa among organization sa among barangay. Bantay Bukid and that was organized by the NAWASA. But we have our own way of protecting our Ancestral Domain and we called it “Vigilante”, it is Bagani (tribe soldier) in Manobo term. Bagani is a DOLE registered. 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? And amo diha labina nga naay B+WISER nga nagsubida didto, murag nagsamot ang among kalangasan, naay nagtuboy sa amo nga kinahanglan ayohon ang kalangasan kay kung dili man gud na namo ayohon maapil ang naa sa patag, unya kami sab madaot ang among kinaiyahan, padayon lang gihapon mi bisan walay support nga moabot sa amoa, gisarili nlang gyud namo ang among hunahuna nga naay mo support sa atoa nga lain secta ug wala magpadayon ta nga magprotect ana, kay kung dili ta magprotecta moabot ang calamity asa naman ta moadto nga dire ra man ta natawo. Since B+WISER went to our area; they push us in protecting the forest to protect also those in the lowland; to avoid forest devastation and calamity. We continuously protect it even without support received from other sectors. 415 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Unsay nahimo sa B+wiser sa inyoha? Ang B+WISER ang nagdasig sa amoa nga bahin anang moadto sa kalangasangan, kanang mo kuan ug mga panmgalan sa kahoy. Mura ginapangita nila ang pangalan sa kahoy ug unsang hayop ba dinha. Mao nang Tanan a sa mga proyekto diha sulod sa kalangasangan gi protektahan namo aron naa mi ikapakita, ikatudlo nga kanang areaha konpleto pa gyud na siya, wala gyud na madaot. Ikaduha bahin sa gitawag nila ug pagpananom s kanang Bongolan nga saging, gi explain na nila. Ang KAPWA nagsulod pod diha, nagtudlo unsaon pagtanom ug saging nga walay chemical nga gamiton. Ang uban molahotay pero ang uban dili. It is B+WISER who motivate us in identifying different names of the trees and identifying what animal species exist. We protect all the projects that have been implemented in the forest in order for them to see the proof that it is still intact. 2nd they explain to us about planting Bongolan, it is a variety of banana. The KAPWA-NGO taught us also on planting banana organically. There are some grown and some died out. Kana inyong gitanom sulod sa MANP? Oo gani naay uban nga kompanya mosulod sa ibabaw pero wala mi magsugot kay maapektahan ang among nawasa. Mao na kung naay kompanya nga mosulod nga mananom ug mogamit ug medisina akoy mo blocking ana kay basin p ug dgahnag madaot sa ubos, kami nga tribo ang basolon. Mao nang waly kompanya nga misulod gawas aning PNOC kay kung unsa ang among pag-amping mas labaw pod sila nag￾amping sa kinaiyahan. Yes. There are companies who want to farm upstream but we haven’t permitted them because our NAWASA will be affected and also to avoid blaming the tribe on whatever damaged it may cause especially in the downstream. 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? Mao nang nakaingon ko nmga adunay kasauban kay gindili na ang pagtumba sa dagkong kahoy. Ang gintumba nila karon katong una nga uma nila, kung sa virgin forest wala na namo gitutugotan, mao nang naa nay dagko nga lauan kay wala nman manumbada kay dakpon man namo. There has been change because cutting of trees is prohibited. They only cut trees that are farmed by them long before but we haven’t permitted cutting of trees on the virgin forest and there are Lauan trees now in the area as a proof. Kinsa ang gapamutol? Who are the loggers? Sakop namo Our tribesmen. Are there violators from outside? Naa pod dili sakop ninyo nga gapamutol? Naa pod, mao nang kada bulan gin round namo ang bukid kayb masakpan namo kinsa ang nagsupak sa balod namo kay amo nang dakpon, pero dili pod dakpon nga patyon, kay naa man tay balaob, istoryahan lang nga kanang areaha dili pwede nga pamutlon, tagan tika ug pabor, kanang area nga bisan giputlan nimo dili na ingon nga imong umahon. Kung dili madala ug istorya e-turn over namo sa barangay, sa DENR. Yes. That is why every month we go on patrolling to monitor violators. When someone caught, we talked to them and informed them that it is prohibited. If they are resistant we turn over them to the barangay and to DENR. 416 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Naay multa sa mga madakpan? Are there fines imposed for violators caught? Depende sa mga damaged niya. Usahay ang uban ang gimulta namo diha dili kwarta, kung maka damaged siya ug kahoy patamnon pod namo siya ug kahoy. Kung maka tumba siya ug is aka kahoy nga dako, patamnon namo siya tag-200 ka punoan seedling sa palibot nga gikuhaan nila ug kahoy para dili madugay mobalik to nga mo landong siya, mao na ang among polisiya It depends on the damaged. Fines is not on monetary, one damage tree is equivalent to 200 seedlings to be planted around where cutting activity happens. And that’s our policy. 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management] 4. Are the IPs organized? When was your group organized? Is your organization organized through the B+WISER Project? Oo,Buhis tanom, pito o unom ka tuig na ang nilabay. Ang naghimo ana sundalo “Lt. Tukong”, ingon niya nga kinahanglan kamo nga tribo magpaila sab mo.mao nang hinungdan nga naghimo mi ug organization nga buhis tanom. Yes, the Buhis Tanom and it’s been organized for about 6-7 years now. It is a soldier “Lt. Tukong” who motivates us to create an organization in order for the tribe to be recognized. 5. Do you receive assistance (monetary or material) from B+WISER? What type of assistance do you receive? Sa pagkakaron wala pa mi nadawat pero katong akong mga council makingon ko usahay nga kanang mga tawhana,dili dapat tago-tagoan ang inyong pagsubida, dapat moagi mo sa ako opisina kay e-log book nako na, incase kung unsa ang problema apil ko diha. Pag-abot sa B+WISER muadto didto murag ikaw(council) naman modala nga wala ka mananghid sa atoang opisina, pangutan-on unsay katuyoan ninyo. We haven’t received any assistance as of now. If anyone will visit on our area, it must not be conceal. It must undergo protocol, a courtesy call must be done on my office so that the visitors will logged in and in case there are problems I am responsible to that. When B+WISER visited, I told my council “you directly take charge on them without informing our office of their arrival”. We must know what their purposes of visiting. 5a. What other assistance do you receive relative to environmental and forest management? From what sources? Mao nay gikuan sa nawasa pero ginareklamo namo na kay sa kinse mi katawo 2,000 lang ang honorarium namo sa kinse ka tao sa is aka bulan. Sa ika ka bulan mo kita lang ang akong miyembro ug 133.00 unya ang 133.00 pesos sa is aka biyahi lang namo hurot nato. Unya sa isa ka bulan, kaupat mi maground. Reklamo sila unta to chairman hangyoon nalng nimo bisan mahimotang ug tag-150.00 ang adlaw. Ang 133.00 kulang lang to sa balon namo pero naglahotay mi bisan ingon ana lang ang among income kay wala mi nagfocus sa among sweldo, ang gifocus namo nga wala gyud makasulod sa among ancestral domain. NAWASA provides us honorarium which is 2,000 every month being a Bantay Bukid. We are complaining on it because 2,000 will be divided among 15 members, so in a month we earn only 133.00 per member and it will be consume just in one patrolling and the frequency of patrolling is 4 times a month. The members complain, they said “chairman if you could appeal that even 150.00 per day would be consider”. 133.00 is not enough but we continue to do our responsibility even we only have meager income because our focus is not on the money but on the protection of our Ancestral Domain. 417 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Naa bay sweldo o honorarium sa pagtanom? Did you receive compensation or honorarium on planting? Sa pagtanom by contract lang na siya, naay ihatag, pakyawan na siya, pananglitan ug 1,000 seedling mohatag pod na sila ug presyo unya akong mga tawo na pod ang mokuha ato unya itanom sa bukid. Depende, naay kantidad 10,000, depende pod kung pila ka tawo nga mosulod nga mgakuha sa seedling, panaglitan napulo ka tawo, mag-divide sila atong 10,000 Planting is by contract. Like for example in 1,000 seedlings, we’ll get paid for 10,000 and that would be divided among the people who procure the seedlings. 6. Did you attend or participate in any capacity building training pertaining to NRM (natural resource management) [Note: ask them to name all NRM-related trainings attended Naay training. mao nay murag nakahatag sa amoa, pagpa-improved sa mga pananom Yes, a training about in the improvement of farming activities. 6a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? Kaning gitawag namo ug KAPWA, NGO man na, Muabot ug upat ka adlaw ang training KAPWA-NGO and it was a 4 days training. 6b. What did you learn from this or these training/s? Bahin sa pagpanom, sa hayop, daghan sila gitudlo sa amoa. Kanang cacao himoon nila tulo ka klase sa is aka punoan. We learned about farming like cacao, in one cacao tree there are 3 varieties of fruit. 6c. What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings? What did you farm? Unsa nga pag-uma ang inyoha? Ang Uban gatanom tanom ug abaca, saging. Some are on Abaca farming, banana. 7. Have you or your organization participated in any enforcement activities relative to your environmental management program of your forest resources? Naa. Yes 7a. What is your or your organization’s role in these enforcement activities? IPRA Law, naa koy libro ana, diha mi nagsubay sa among mga balaod.kana tinugotan namo nga kana mao gyud na ang among balaod. Sa MKWD ang naghimo sa balaod, igo lang mi nagsunod. IPRA law, I have a book on that and we are basing our laws on it. And those laws passed were approved by us. MKWD laws were created by them, we only follow their laws. 7b. What benefits did you or your organization get from these enforcement activities? Nawala ang pagyawayaw sa gobyerno sa amoa, sauna naay pagyawyaw kay ang tribo dili mabadlong, “kinsa man nang leader diha nga dili man kabadlong”. Karon murag linaw na ang pandungog ugmura ginsaligan name sa gobyerno. Sa tan-aw nila sakto na ang among pag-proteksiyon. The Government already stops lambast towards us, the tribesmen. They always do that to us before because the tribesmen can’t be admonish, saying “who is their leader, why can’t admonish his members”. 418 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 7c. What problems have you or your organization experienced with regard to enforcement of environmental activities? Tungod kay gidid-an man namo ang among kaubann nga magkuan sa bukid, daghan ang nagmulo sa amoa nga “mag-unsa naman lang mi nga kamo mismon nga taga dire nagpugong naman sa amoa”, mao to nangutana sila unsa ang ilang mahimo. Mao to kami maghimo mi ug resolution nga iabot namo sa gobyerno nga mao ni among ginapangayo, kayz dili naman mi maka-abante didto dapat tagaan mi ug mga project sa patag. Ang among panginabuhi naa man gyud sa bukid, karon nga gidid-an mi didto mga muabli sa lasang o mo gala sa among area. Karon ang mga kaubana namo diha naa na dire sa patag nagporsiyento sila sa yuta sa buhis tanom tungod kay gidid-an na sila didto unya kami pod ang ginabasol, ignan nako”kami nagsunod lang mi sa balaod” There are numerous of complaints I received because of the restriction of farming activities on the forest, they saying “what will happen to us now even you that are from here restricts us”, and they are asking on what to do. Because of that we formulate resolution to the Government on what we are seeking. Our livelihood is on the forest and since we are restricted on the forest, they must provide as project in the lowland. Right now most or our tribesmen rent lands on Buhis Tanom to farm. 9. Have you put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound Kami bantay bukid, gintan-aw namo ang area kung asa ang dili ug dikit ug kahoy kay kada magsubida mi magdala mi ug seedling kay naa man issue sa taga –MKWD nga seedling, ipananom namo didto sa kanang wala nay kahoy, mao na ang amon trabaho diha, Yes, we the Bantay Bukid search for areas where trees are dispersed. So every climb/patrolling we bring along with us seedlings from MKWD and we plant it on the area. 10. What are the livelihood projects introduced in your community in support to forest restoration activities? 11. Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? How did you solve them? Sa pagmonitor namo sa area, murag wala na siyay mga poroblema, maliban sa kanang mabali sa hangin. Ky nakita nila nga kada subida namo gadala mi ug seedling kay ginapanom namo. We haven’t encountered problems upon monitoring except for those fortuitous events (damaged due to wind). Maybe violators really noticed that we bring with us the seedlings every climb/patrolling. 12.What are the challenges that you faced in your forest restoration activities Sila nga mangayo sa amo ug advice kung usaon man namo nga mabuhi mi nga gindid-an naman mi ninyo.nang amoa malipay ug naay NGO nga mosulod nga mo support nga mabuhi ra ang tawo bisan dili moadto sa bukid. Naa pod usahay bahad sa kinabuhi pero amo na gin-explain sa ila “nga kana dili man ingon nga para lang sa akoa kundi para sa tnan”. The tribesmen seek advice from us on how for them to sustain since they are restricted on the forest. We would be happy if there are NGOs goes to our area and provides support in order for our tribesmen to survive. I received sometimes life threat but we explain to them, saying “that is not only for my own sake but for everybody” 13. What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by your IP group in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Karon lang na nga naay porter pagsulod sa B+WISER, mao tong nabaghoan ang akong mga tawo, wala na nanghid sa akoa. Naa pod tab nga ginadala-dala sa akong council sa pagsubida nila didto. 419 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES It is just now that porters exist when B+WISER came in. People were not used to that and because of that they never ask permission to me. I observe they’re bringing tabs with them when they visited here. 14. Are these activities effective? Please explain. 15. In what activities related to forest/ watershed/PA protection and management are the IPs tapped? 16. Any problems encountered by your group relative to your inclusion or exclusion (participation and non-participation) in activities related to forest/watershed/PA protection and management? 17. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. 18. Are they effective? In what way? 19. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems? 20. What are the challenges that you faced in communication campaign activities? 21. What lessons/positive experiences can you share with us as an IP or as a member of the IP association? Unang-unang sa amo diha, pananglitan naa mi bisita, kung sa barangay pa, e logged book gyud na siya, muadto gyud na sa labaw sa lumad nga mgapa-log book kay bisan pa unsa ang klase sa leader, kumo kay siya ang leader apektado siya unsay mga problema.mao nang sa amoa dinha kung unsay mga problem mo coordinate gyud na sa grupo lumad. Ibutang nato karon naay mga LGU nga mo sulod, dili gyud sila pwede nga mosulod nga walay tama nga panag-isrotya kay kana man gud diha mao nang gitawag nga yutang kabilin kay gawas lang sa PA nga mamong ginabantayan, gibantayan gyud namo na nga walay laing kompanya nga mosulod nga dili mamanghid sa amoa, ug kung naa man ang mosulod ug kaayohan lang dili mi mo bara pero ubos sa condition nga mamorsiyento ta, ang LGU mura ug taga langyaw niadto sa imoha, naa kay yuta moingon nga”maam pwede ba nga mkatrabaho ko anang imong yuta, unsay mga condition?”, wala mi mgapugong kung kinsay mosulod sa maong yutang kabilin kung kaayohan man lang sa tanan pero ng boot pasabot mngayo sab mi ug gamay nga share isip porsiyento namo o dili lang kay porsiyento murag suhol sa amoa nga nagbantay mi dinha. Ang NAWASA gipangayoan na nako kung mahimo lang kung mo extend mo sa inyohan g project diha dili mi mopugong kay para na sa katawhan pero hunahuna-a ninyo kanag area amoa na, so dapat mohatag mo ug share sa amoa bisan ug 5% or 10% lang lipay nami, unya ikaduha mura priority ang tribo bunloton, sila ang inyong ibutang diha sa area maliban lang katong ipabuhat ninyo ang tribo dili kamao, mao nang magita mo sa gawas. Ang gusto namo kung unsa man ang proyekto nga ibutabg ninyo dinha sa maayong panag-istorya ang tribo mismo ang 420 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES inyong kuhaon,tagae pod ninyo ug bili ang nanag-iya dinha. First is, the visitors must logged in and they must have courtesy call to the Tribal Chieftain when they visit our area because whatever problems may rise during their visit, the leader is affected. They must coordinate to the tribe. For example, the LGU wants to visit our area, they can’t gain entry without following protocols because it is our Ancestral land. We monitor and protect the PA and aside from that we keep guard that no companies can intrude the area without our permission but if it’s for the good of all, I won’t prevent them but with the condition to provide us our share in the usage of our land and also on the monitoring. I told NAWASA if they plan to extend their projects, we won’t prevent you from doing that but share must be provided to us even 5-10% we are happy on that. Also they must prioritize the tribesmen for their manpower, if the work is beyond the tribesmen capacity then that’s the time they source out manpower outside. I want them to give importance on the landowners. 421 6. B+WISER OFFICE Name: Gregory Benjamin M. Luz Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in teh Company (or Office): B+WISER Field Manager Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Others: Date of Interview: November 24, 2015 Place of Interview: Davao City Time Started: 10:45 AM Time Ended:12:00 NN KII with Mr. Gregory Benjamin M. Luz, B+WISER field manager and staff, 24 November 2015, B+WISER Field Office, Davao City 422 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your work in MKRNP/MANP forest area? The B+WISER field team was created parang to established yung presence nang B+WISER program since Mt. Apo is one of the sites nang B+WISER. It is supposed to be a partnership program with DENR although dapat we as team pereo hindi kami nagpapatali sa DENR, so we go directly to PAMB members even the LGUs and the community para ma push forward yung program nang B+WISER. Kasi actually within sa B+WISER team parang debate yan before na dapat talaga DENR yung magtake nang lead pero ang question paano kung hindi gagalaw yung DENR kasi alam naman natin they undergoing rationalization kasi minsan hindi mo mapagalaw yung mga tao. So instead of relying solely on the DENR kumbaga diidiretso naming, pinu-push through naming yunfg program para ma demonstrate nang DENR na this is how supposed to be done. So lahat nung areas nang program biodiversity conservation, forest restoration, policies pagformulate nang policies both sa PAMB level and LGU. The B+WISER field team was created to established the presence of B+WISER program since Mt. Apo is one of the sites of B+WISER. It is supposed to be a partnership program with DENR, it is a must as a team but we are not hook up to DENR, so we go directly to PAMB members and even in the LGU’s and the community in order for the B+WISER program to be push forward. Actually within the B+WISER team, it is a debate before that DENR must take the lead but the question is what if they wont do actions since we are aware they are undergoing rationalization. So instead relying solely to them (DENR), we go directly to the concerned stakeholders to push through the program and to demonstrate to the DENR it is how supposed to be done. So. On every program areas on biodiversity conservation, forest restoration, policy formulation is both on the PAMB and LGU level. So, you go directly to the stakeholders? So, directly na talaga kayo doon? Pero hindi namin iniwanan ang DENR kasi humihingi kami nang go-signal. Pag-meron kaming gusting e￾push. Parang may consultation, kumbaga we do not do things na hindi nila alam. Ang program is geared towards on protection yung close and open canopy forest based sa conservation target na nadoon sa high conservation area at saka atleast ma arrest yung further degradation nung forest doon sa outside nung high conservation value. Ang ginagawa naming ngayon ini-skill out naming yung LAWIN(Landscape and Wildlife Inventory Indicators) monitoring system na tinatry na e-fucos doon sa core sa close and open and close canopy forest siyempre nahahagip din yung sa labas. So at present we are on partner with a NCIP Region12 para doon sa mga IP ancestral domains sa North Cotabato with yung ancestral domain dito sa Davao del Sur, kanina kausap ko yung PEF, ma pu-push through din kami doon. We also partnered with private organization like EDC, HEDCOR, so yun yung focus, tapos bukod don nagtra-training para sa environmental law enforcement, dalawang levels siya, yung forest guards At saka yung deputized DENRO. 423 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES We asked also go-signal from DENR. There are consultations being done when we want to implement programs, we do not do things without informing them. The program is geared towards on protection for close and open canopy forest based on conservation target on the high conservation area and also to arrest further degradation of the forest outside the high conservation value. We skill out the LAWIN monitoring system right now, trying to focus on the core of close and open canopy forest, at present we are on partner with NCIP Region 12 for the IP ancestral domain in North Cotabao with the ancestral domain here in Davao del Sur. I was able to talk with PEF earlier to push through programs with them. We also partnered with private organization like EDC, HEDCOR. Aside from that, we conducted training on environmental law enforcement; it is on 2 levels, the forest guards and the Deputized DENRO. So far, there are trainings conducted? So far ngayon may trainings na? O meron nang nagawa. Ang kailangan nalang naming e-push ngayon, kasi kung magre-rely doon sa deputized medyo mataas yung qualification standard na sini-set nang DENR, ordinaryong katutubo hindi talaga sila papasa kasi kung deputized nnang DENRO sila na merong arrest and seizure powers. So ang pinu- push naming ngayon na magkaroon nalang nang PAMB resolution na mag-organized nang park ranger brigade, parang guards. Meron silang apprehension powers pero wala silang arrest and seizures powers. So kung kailangan arrestohin yung tao they have to refer to a higher authority muna or seek assistance from the police, yung police ang aaresto hindi sila, yun ang deperensiya, ang DENRO kasi pwede yan eh on the spot kung matapang ka. Yes. We can’t rely on deputation because the standards set by DENR are too high, the ordinary IPs won’t really pass on the deputation exam. A DENRO deputized has an arrest and seizure powers. So, what we are pushing now is to have a PAMB resolution to organize Park ranger Brigade, just like guards. They have apprehension powers but they don’t have arrest and seizure powers. If it is necessary to arrest the violators, they have to refer it to the higher authority first or seek assistance from the police, then the police will be the one to arrest. That’s the difference if you are a DENRO deputized, they can arrest on the act. You mentioned earlier about LAWIN, does it exist? Is it implememted? How about you mention earlier about the LAWIN, existring na yun? Na umpisan na yun? Oo, nung pag-start B+WISER muna yung nagbabayad nang patroller, merong proposal na counterpart na nang IP yun pero tingin naming hindi dapat kasi tatlong araw- apat na araw yan eh, sopaghinila mo yung katutubo na magpatrol diyan, iiwanan niya yung pamilya niyawalang pagkain yun tapos bukod don hindi mo talaga ma-estimate kung ano ba yung value o amount para magawa mo yunkumbaga para makakuha ka from other sources na magbabayad niyan either LGU ang magbabayad or NCIP or DENR nagbabayad man sila nang patroller. So yun nandoon kami sa process na kailnangan naming isipin na maging sustainable siya, ibig sabihin kailangan na ma-embed na sa funds nang DENR magbabayad sila, LGU magbbayad sila nang patroller. 424 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Yes. In the start, It was B+WISER who pay for patroller. There was a proposal that patrolling would be IP’s counterpart but we think it is not fair, patrolling will be 3-4 days, and they left their family without leaving something for food. So we get from other sources LGU, NCIP or DENR to pay for the patrolling. So we are on the process on how to make it sustainable, you need to embed it in the DENR funds, LGU. At your end, do you still pay for patrollers? At your end parang nagbabayad din kayo? Sa ngayon wala na, kasi actually nagstartb kami nito April, Ma, June hanggang September, maraming areas na nakapagcreate kami nang patroller na IP, binabayaran naming yung guides. Magkano yun? 500 per day, buo nay un pero separate yung pagkain don. Bumibili lang kami nang supplies kasi walang uwian yan, kapag pumasok yan nang bundok doon na sila natutulog. Usually gaano katagal sila? 3 days minimum, 4 days maximum Aside sa cash may baon din sila? Oo na food. Naco-compute din naming based doon kung magkano yung required sa patrolling sytem. Sa isan team ilan? Noong dating ginagawa naming sampu. Ina-assess naming mukhang masiyadong marami, mga lima siguro comfortable na pero kung meron silang deputized either WEO or DENRO okay na maaksiyonan agad kung mtapang sila karamihhan mga violator diyan mga armado kung wala naman e-communicate na lang. lima yan kasi sa systema na may watcher, advance party, meron taga-identify nang species, merong operator nang tablets tapos may cook pa. Sir, bale yung assistance na buinibigay niyo yung bayad sa mag patroller, sa ngayon po yung nagbabayad sa kanila yung LGU na. Yung isang kaso dito NCIP ang nagbabaya, nag-allocate sila nang pundo para sa resource inventory, gagamitin nila yung LAWIN para sa initial resource inventory (1a.)Lahat. Sa PA level nung nagstart ang B+WISER halos tinulak naming yung paG-recognized nung PAMB tapos pina-approved yung general management plan. Yuing general management plan na craft yun 425 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES sa previous USAID dahil nandoon na yun ang general management plan kahit gagawin pa pang yung ecological assessment, pina-facilitate naming na maaproved nang PAMB. Doon sa general management plan may dalawang committees na, actually maraming committees, dalawa ang pinu-push naming ang resource committee at eco-tourism committee. Nung na form yun, supposed to be sa resource committee dapat e-didiscuss yung reforestation, biodiversity conservation including sa sustainable financing. Tapos yung eco-tourism nagkaroon siya nang special attention dahil mukhang nagiging problema yung tourism sa Mt. Apo, hindi nila ma control yung dami nang pumapasok, iba-iba yung bayad doon sa trekking, garbage pinalamalaking problema, so tiniutukan naming yung eco-tourism committee. So nung naayos nay un although member pa din doon yung PASU at DENR, yun yung sinasabi kong dumidiretso kami sa LGUs pero inform ang DENR kung ano ang ginagawa. Sinusuportahan naming ang ecotourism activities pero alam din nang DENR ang ginagawa. Yun na craft yung ecotourism trekking policy ina-mend yung kanilang local ordinances, gumawa nang activities, clean up drive, training nang mga porters, para ma-upgrade yung status. Ang pinakamalalaki talaga doon na nagawa is yung integration nang environmental management nang Mt.Apo sa tourism. Yung porter mismo kailangan oriented sila na bantayan yung trekkers na hindi magkalat nang basura. Doon sa resource, walang nagyari doon kasi may persolnality problem yun. Saan napunta yung environmental fee? May environmental fee na nakokolekta? Sila nagkokolect, treasury office, nire-remit yung portion para sa IPAF, 75% retained Sino nagmamanage noon? Sa LGU nay un, actually yun ang ginagamit nang mga tourim officer pagka-nag launch nang clean up drive I mean hindi nagamit para sa ibang purpose? Hindi, Naka-trust fund yun. Kasi sa ibang LGU ginagamit sa kung saan eh.. Mawiwild yung mga tourism officers pagginamit yun on other purposes. Alam nila na may pera sila eh. Sa clean up drive pa lang ubos nay un. Yun nga ang direksiyon doon e-empower sila na ma regulate both yung number at saka incidence nang pagtatapon nang basura. Para yung nkukuha instead na ibubuhos sa clean up drive magagamit for other activities. Last year, dahil sa common trekking policy nakikita talaga ang pagbaba nang basura, dala-dala nang trekker pero dati hindi ganun. Actually nung nagstart kami 2013, 2014 di may summer climb usually yun ang pinkamalaki, nag-uusap yung ecotourism committee, umabot nang 4000 ang umakyat. Actually every year nag-cle-clean up drive sila bawat LGU. Nung nag-usap yung ecotourism, sige maggawa tayo simultaneous, so bawat LGU akyatin yung trail nila, nagsalubong doon sa peak at saka sa lake binado kasi yun naman yung common tapos sabay-sabay bumababa alobg the trail, either baba nang Kidapawan, ang binaba nila noon ay 2.5 tons na basura may mga naiwan pa pero yun yung naireport. So yun hanggang ma pass yung common trekking policy na tina-try e-implement this year, 426 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES nung summer nagbaba nang 1000 lang yung climbers kasi talagang ini-regulate. Actually ang main purpose kung bakit ni limit, nung panahon kasi nang summer extended na yung drout, so cautious na sila sa possibility nang forest fire. Nung June ulit nang 2015, nag-cleaan up drive ulit, nababa lang nila 1 ton. Not anymore as of now. Actually we started this last April, May, June until September, we create an IP partrollers on a lot of areas, and we pay for the guides. How much did you pay? P500 per day net but we provide the food; we bought supplies for them because they will stay on the forest for a couple of days. Usually how long will they stay on the forest? 3 days minimum, 4 days maximum Aside on cash you provide them supplies? Yes, their food. We can compute if how much is the required supplies on the patrolling system. How many are they in a team? There are 10 of them before. When we assess it, 10 are somewhat many. About 5 I think is comfortable already but it is good if there is deputized along with them either WEO or DENRO since they can make actions right away when they caught violators. So, patrollers were down to 5 in every patrolling activity and it has a system: 1.watcher, 2.advance party, 3. Identifies specie, 4. Tablet operator and then 5. Cook. The assistance you extend was the payment for patrollers and it is the LGU who pay for it right now. The NCIP also, they allocate budget for the resource inventory, they will use LAWIN for their initial resource inventory. 1a. What is your role/participation in the forest, watershed, and PA management? Lahat. Sa PA level nung nagstart ang B+WISER halos tinulak naming yung paG-recognized nung PAMB tapos pina-approved yung general management plan. Yuing general management plan na craft yun sa previous USAID dahil nandoon na yun ang general management plan kahit gagawin pa pang yung ecological assessment, pina-facilitate naming na maaproved nang PAMB. Doon sa general management plan may dalawang committees na, actually maraming committees, dalawa ang pinu-push naming ang resource committee at eco-tourism committee. Nung na form yun, supposed to be sa resource committee dapat e-didiscuss yung reforestation, biodiversity conservation including sa sustainable financing. Tapos yung eco-tourism nagkaroon siya nang special attention dahil mukhang nagiging problema yung tourism sa Mt. Apo, hindi nila ma control yung dami nang pumapasok, iba-iba yung bayad doon sa 427 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES trekking, garbage pinalamalaking problema, so tiniutukan naming yung eco-tourism committee. So nung naayos nay un although member pa din doon yung PASU at DENR, yun yung sinasabi kong dumidiretso kami sa LGUs pero inform ang DENR kung ano ang ginagawa. Sinusuportahan naming ang ecotourism activities pero alam din nang DENR ang ginagawa. Yun na craft yung ecotourism trekking policy ina-mend yung kanilang local ordinances, gumawa nang activities, clean up drive, training nang mga porters, para ma-upgrade yung status. Ang pinakamalalaki talaga doon na nagawa is yung integration nang environmental management nang Mt.Apo sa tourism. yung porter mismo kailangan oriented sila na bantayan yung trekkers na hindi magkalat nang basura. Doon sa resource, walang nagyari doon kasi may persolnality problem yun. Saan napunta yung environmental fee? May environmental fee na nakokolekta? Sila nagkokolect, treasury office, nire-remit yung portion para sa IPAF, 75% retained Sino nagmamanage noon? Sa LGU nay un, actually yun ang ginagamit nang mga tourim officer pagka-nag launch nang clean up drive I mean hindi nagamit para sa ibang purpose? Hindi, Naka-trust fund yun. Kasi sa ibang LGU ginagamit sa kung saan eh.. Mawiwild yung mga tourism officers pagginamit yun on other purposes. Alam nila na may pera sila eh. Sa clean up drive pa lang ubos nay un. Yun nga ang direksiyon doon e-empower sila na ma regulate both yung number at saka incidence nang pagtatapon nang basura. Para yung nkukuha instead na ibubuhos sa clean up drive magagamit for other activities. Last year, dahil sa common trekking policy nakikita talaga ang pagbaba nang basura, dala-dala nang trekker pero dati hindi ganun. Actually nung nagstart kami 2013, 2014 di may summer climb usually yun ang pinkamalaki, nag-uusap yung ecotourism committee, umabot nang 4000 ang umakyat. Actually every year nag-cle-clean up drive sila bawat LGU. Nung nag-usap yung ecotourism, sige maggawa tayo simultaneous, so bawat LGU akyatin yung trail nila, nagsalubong doon sa peak at saka sa lake binado kasi yun naman yung common tapos sabay-sabay bumababa alobg the trail, either baba nang Kidapawan, ang binaba nila noon ay 2.5 tons na basura may mga naiwan pa pero yun yung naireport. So yun hanggang ma pass yung common trekking policy na tina-try e-implement this year, nung summer nagbaba nang 1000 lang yung climbers kasi talagang ini-regulate. Actually ang main purpose kung bakit ni limit, nung panahon kasi nang summer extended na yung drout, so cautious na sila sa possibility nang forest fire. Nung June ulit nang 2015, nag-cleaan up drive ulit, nababa lang nila 1 ton. Sa isang taon ilan yung total number of visitors? Ang estimate, wala kasing masterlist kasi na pina. Maintain nang DENR pero ang estimate naming based nung pakikipag-usap naming between 8,000-12,000 per year pero mababa yan compare mo sa Makiling or 428 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Hinulogan Taktak milyon ang bisita. Malaking negosyo din siya actually kahin computetin mo lang nang walong libo per climber kung maggastos yan nang minimum nang 5,000 per climber. Ilan na yung entrance fee niyo sir? Ngayon itinaas na kasi iba-iba yung rate nila. Actu7ally yung tourism hindi nila kino-consider na threat, ngayon tinitignan na nila as a threat. (B+WISER manager provided leaflits for common trekking policy which rates reflected on it) We participate in overall activities of PA. On the PA level, when the B+WISER started we really push to be recognized by the PAMB then we let them approved the general management plan. The general management plan was crafted on the previous USAID because it was already there, even the ecological assessment is about to conduct, we facilitate it to be approved by PAMB. There are 2 committees on the general management plan; we push both the resources and ecotourism committee. The moment it was formed, supposed to be in the resource committee we will discuss reforestation, biodiversity conservation including on sustainable financing. Then the ecotourism has a special attention because one of the problems of Mt. Apo was torusim, they won’t be able to control the increasing number of climbers, trekking payments were not unified and the biggest problem is the garbage. So we focus on ecotourim committee. I mentioned earlier, we go directly to the LGU but we inform first the DENR on our activites. We support ecotourism activities. Ecotourism trekking policy was crafted and their local ordinances amended. We created activities like clean-up drive, porters training to upgrade their status. The biggest thing done is the integration of environmental management of Mt.Apo on tourism. The porters must be oriented and monitor trekkers on proper waste disposal. Nothing happened when it comes to the resource management because of the personality problem of the chairperson. Were there enrironmental fees collected? Where did it go? It goes to the treasury office; they remit the protion for IPAF, 75% retained. Who manage the IPAF? LGU, actually the officers used the fund whenever there is clean-up drive. Was the fund use on other purpose? No, it is deposited on a trust fund. Because other LGUs use the funds on other purpose.. Conflict will rise if use on other purpose. The tourism officers are aware that there is existing fund. Their funds use up already on Clean-up drive alone. The direction is to empower them to regulate both number and incidence of garage disposal so that the funds allocated for clean-up drive will be use on other activities instead. Last year because of the trekking policy, decrease in garbage was noticeable, trekkers bring with them their garbage and that is opposite on the practice before. Actually we started 2013, last 2014 there was a summer climb, usually that’s the biggest climb of the year, it reached to 4,000 were climbing. Actually every year, every LGU has a clean-up 429 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES drive activity. Every LGU climb to thier trail, then they brought down 2.5 tons of garbage and that is according to their report. So until the common trekking policy has been pass and tried to implement it this year. Last summer only 1,000 climbers been climbing because they really regulate it. Actulally the main purpose why it is put on limit, during summer season, drout were extended, so they are cautious on the possibility of forest fires. Last June of 2015, clean-up drive again were done, they only bring down 1 ton of garbage. In 1 year how many total number of visitors? On estimate, based on the information we acquire from the DENR, it is between 8,000-12,000 per year, DENR was not maintaining marterlists. But it is very low compare to Makiling or Hinulogan Taktak, they have millions of visitors. It is a big business actually, even if you compute only 8,000 climbers then with a minimum of P5, 000.00 per climber. How much is the entrance fee sir? The rate increases right now. Actrually the tourism never consider it a threat before but they view it as a threat now. (B+WISER manager provided a leaflet for common trekking policy which rates reflected on it.) 2. What is the present status of B+WISER project in the area? Sa ngayon, ini-scale out naming yung LAWIN at saka yung law enforcement. Pag-nagPAMB embank magpapass kami nang series of resolutions sa conservation target, yung formatrion nang park ranger brigades (yung parang forest gurads) at saka yung inner core nang mga deputized from the IP community tapos tinutuloy din naming yung support para sa ecotourismmeron kami nagyong bago na camp management policy para ma empower yung mga baramgay aat saka ma engage din yung barangay na m,agtake nang responsibility doon management. Bale yung magiging mayayari niyan ang LGU sila doon sa trail at saka overall sa entrance exit, yung barangay sa camp mismo. May mga camp sites man per trail, minimum nang dalawang camp sites per trail. So bawat LGU may isang trail so may dalawang camp sites yan. Actually so mainly doon ang focus, pati lahat nang pag-generate nang private sectors support doon sa LAWIN patroller at saka doon environmental law enforcement naka-geared doon sa proteksiyon nang core area which close canopy and open canopy sa high conservation value. We skill out the LAWIN as of now and also the law enforcement. When there will be PAMB embank, we will pass series of resolutions on conservation target, the formation of park ranger brigades(forest guards) and also the inner core of the Deputized from the IP community then we continue to support the ecotourism. We have new policy right now, the camp management policy to empower the barangay’s and to engage them to take responsibility on the management. What will happen, the LGU is responsible on the trail and the overall entrance￾exit while the barangay is on the camp. There are camp sites per trail with a minimum of 2 camp sites. So every LGU has 1 trail and 2 camp sites. So mainly that is the focus including on generating private sectors support on the LAWIN patroller and also on environmental law enforcement. 430 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 2a. what is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? Maganda siya, okay siya. Well biodiversity and watershed improved diba? Ang weakness lang dito sa Mt. Apo kung pati watershed papasokin masiyado nang malaki ang scope kasi ang Mt. Apo has 9 watersheds tapos kung titignan mo yung boung area na affected nang watershed ang laki, aabot nang Ligwasan kaya, even Davao river basin, ang head waters niyan Mt. Apo. So hindi na naming napasok yung area nang watershed, more doon sa protected area yung focus kasi nong nagstart ang B+WISER denifined yung topology nang bawat site, so may PA at may watershed, actually may lake pa nga, tapos ang Bago halimbawa watershed yun, iba yung characteristic noon. Pero pag-e-include mo yung biodiversity mas klaro kasi dito sa Mt. Apo, kaya tinawag yan na protected area natural park dahil meron talaga siya biodiversity. Yun maganda siya in the sense nan a lilink mo siya sa maraming aspect nang governance, hindi lang DENR pati m,ga LGU’s and other private agencies. It is good and okay. Well biodiversity and watershed improved right? The Mt. Apo’s weakness is if we penetrate including the watershed, the scope is so wide because Mt. Apo has 9 watersheds if you look at the whole area affected by the watershed, it is so vast. So, we haven’t penetrate the watershed, we are more on the PA is the focus because when the B+WISER started, topology of every site were defined, there is PA and watershed, actually there is also lake. Then for example the Bago (watershed), it has different characteristics. But if you include biodiversity it is more defined here in Mt. Apo, that’s why it is called protected area natural park because it has really a biodiversity.that makes it good in the sense that you can link it in many aspect of governance, not only on the DENR but also with LGU’s and private agencies. 2b. What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your work? Please explain. Doon sa tourism malaki yung impact noon. We think its first of its kind in the Philippines. Actually may conventionna ginagawa dito last October yung ATOP(Association of Tourism Officers) nakausap naming yung ATOP to sponsor the event and ma present yung experienced nang Mt. Apo dahil diyan mo makikita na kailangan talaga yung cooperation nang mga LGU’s for a common resource hindi pwedeng kanya-kanya kasi ang pinag-usapan natin isang bundok. Kaya nangyari yan actually na compel din talaga kasi yung trails nang Mt. Apo, yung pit niya kasi halos common. Yung boundaries nnang LGU’s sini-share niyan, nagco-cross trail sila, pagpumasok sa munisipyo na ito, lumalabas sa kabila. Meron isang LGU diyan na bogbog talaga sa kanila lahat pumupunta sa Kidapawan, exit siya. Kasama din diyan pagnag-cross trail ka bayad ka uli pero pag-magbaback trail ka wala na, 1,000 non-peak season, 1,500 peak season. Yung peak season usually sa April yan, holy week. Yung ganun coordination. Ngayon inumpisan na nila coordinate na pagnagdala ka nang guide dapat local guide kunin mo, pagnagdla ka nang porter,local porter ang kunin mo para ma encouraged yung community. May accreditation na rin ang porter at saka guide? Meron, inaayos na rin nila sa LGU. Ngayon yung iba kasi nagdadala nang porter galling nang Davao City, ang treatment don climber yun, bayaran yung entrance fee niya pero mandatory pa rin na kumuha kayo nang local porter at saka local guide para ma protect yung community kasi in the first place indi naman kasi basta-basta makapasok diyan kasi ancestral domain yan. Actually kaya nga pumapayag yung mga katutubo kasi nakikita nila kumikita yung mga kasama nila.nung ini-implement nila yung trekking policy dami reklamo dami rin hulihan. Actually pini-present ito sa mga police, nagkaroon nang meeting nang lahat nang mga police, ang suggestion nila kung ito lang trekking policy nang PAMB, hindi sila sigurado sa 431 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES teeth niya baka maging civil yung case, kung gusto talaga nilang e-implement kailangan may local ordinance, kaya lahat silka naghahabol nang local ordinance, nagibng criminal yung violation basta sa local ordinance. Digos nalang, naipasa na sa SB, 3rd reading na. so, bukod sa local trekking policy nang PAMB, may ano din siya sa local ordinance kasi nung pumasok ang B+WISER bawat LGU diyan may sariling ordinansa yan sa trekking. sila na yung nagco-colect, suila na rin nagregulate, ang ginawa lang naming inayos at ini-strengthened namin yung systema tapos naglagay kami nang platform na makapag-usap yung nag-e-implement dati wala yun. Na monitor niyo yung enforcement nang ordinance? Oo through the committee kasi regular nagme-meeting yung committee. So far na implement nila kasi aktibo pa yung tourism officer. Saka natin malaman after election kung mapalitan na yang mga tourism officer nay an kasi ang iba diyan puro designated position lang yan. Ang sabi naman naming at least pagmay oridance at PAMB resolution ka tapos meron kang supporting local ordinance, hindin mahirapan ang DENR na mangulit, may basis siya na pukpokin kung sino man yung bagong inapoint nang Mayor. It has huge impact on the tourism. We think its first of its kind in the Philippines. Actually there was a convention conducted here last October which is the ATOP (Association of Tourism Officers). We have talked with the ATOP to sponsor an event and to present the experienced of Mt. Apo because through that you will recornized the need for cooperation from the LGU’s for a common resource. Everyone must unite since we are dealing on one mountain. Does porters and guide have accreditation? Yes, it was arranged by the LGU. Some bring porters from Davao city, they will be treated as climber. They will pay for his entrance fee but it is still mandatory to secure local porter and local guide to protect the community because in the first place you can’t merely gain entry on the ancestral domain. Actually that’s why the IP’s permits climbers because they observed that there tribesmen gain profit from it. During the implementation of the trekking policy, there are lots of complaints and apprehension. Actually we present it to the police, there are meetings conducted by the police, they suggested if it is only trekking policy of the PAMB they are not sure on its teeth, it will probably fall to civil case, if they really want to implement it, local ordinance is needed. That’s why the LGU’s are pursuing local ordinance for imposition of criminal violation. Digos now is working on their ordinance, they already pass it to the SB and is on 3rd reading recently. So aside from the trekking policy of the PAMB, every LGU must have a local ordinance. When B+WSIER come in , every LGU has their own trekking ordinance, they collect and regulate, what we did was we organized and strengthened the system and then we created a platform in order for the implementors to have qourum. Have you monitor the enforcement of the ordinances? Yes through the committee since we have a regular meeting. So far, they implemented it because the tourism officer is so active. We can only determine after election once office is changed, because most of the position is only designation. We said at least with the presence of ordinance and PAMB resolution and then with the support of the local ordinance, DENR won’t find it difficult to demand, he has basis to slug down whomever the newly 432 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES appointed by the Mayor. 433 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 2c. What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront? DENR kasi nagyon nag-rationalized pa sila, hindi pa tapos, so in terms of sustainability of the project, siladapat magca-carry forward lahat nung ginagawa nung B+WISER. Ang maganda lang kasi dito sa Mt. Apo ang office nang B+WISER at saka kami as a team, halos kami yung PASU kung titingnan mo, kasi parang ang hindi lang naming ginagawa ang mag-arrest at mag-seize pero in terms yung function talaga nang PASU halos yun na kung ano ang ginagawa naming. Ang problema sa DENR hindi nila internalize ang ganyang function, hirap silang ma-internalized ang ganyang function. Parang hinihiwalay nila yung issue o function na secretariat to the PAMB at saka yung executing officer of the PAMB in between in its embank meetings which is essentially this office what is doing tapos bukod don hindi sila maka-depart sa framework nang pagtrabaho nila na DENR, DENR lang kami kaya lahat nang programa namin kung anong pundo yan lang. yung dynamism nang pakipag-usap sa LGU at saka pakipagpartner sa LGU hindi nila ma gets yun unless na baguhin nila yung kanilang programing system. Ano yung role nang B+WISER para ma enhanced, kasi governance aspect din yan in the part of DENR. Dito ma de-demonstrate lang namin pero in terms of policy sa taas yun gagawin, we can only do so much. Walang problema ngayon actually kasi very close naman yung partnership. Yun wala naman silang full time na tao puro designated function yung PASU, yung office nang PASu tapos bukod doon pagdating pundo doon sa Region reni-allign Pero hindi naman yun nkastop sa inyo na gawin yung mga program? Hindi naman, we try to work it out, nagco-funding naman sila nung mga activities. Nung umpisa kami nagfund lahat pero later on nakikita nila na maganda yung takbo, gusto na rin nilang ma report yung accomplishment nang B+WISER sa kanilang regular, nagco-fund na sila. Yung sa porter training yuin ang sinilip naming kasi sa porter training at guide training masusundan mo yung DOT standard medyo mataas yan walang papasa diyan, kahit mga tourism officer bumabagsak sa exam nila kasi very comprehensive. Isang problema din is the conflict between 2 regions on the management of Mt. Apo kung saan mapupunta yung IPAF. Problem on the interpretation of the laws, Doon sa accounting system, general management plan and geopolitics nang Region 12 at 11. There are issues tht needs to be resolved 434 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES DENR because they are on rationalization. So, in terms of sustainability of the project, they are the one to carry it forward what B+WISER has implemented. What is good here in Mt. Apo, the office of B+WISER and we as a team, we almost function as PASU if you look at it because we are not only doing the arrest and to seize but also we are performing PASU’s functions. The problem with the DENR, they haven’t internalized that kind of function. The separate issues or functions of secretariat to the PAMB and the executing ofiicer to the PAMB in between embank meetings which is essentially this office what is doing. Then aside from that, they can’t depart to the DENR’s work framework. The dynamism in talking to the LGU and to be of partner with them, they can’t internalize that unless they innovates their programming system. What is the role of B+WSIER to enhance, since it is a governance aspect in the part of DENR? We can only demonstrate but in terms of policy making, it is in the higher rank, we can only do so much. There is no problem as of now actually because we have a very close partnership. They don’t have full time personnel, most were designated functions (PASU) then aside from that when fund reached to the Region it is re-allign. But that doesn’t stop you to implement the programs? No, we try to work it out, they co-fund on the activities. On the start, all funds were coming from us but later on, they visibly notice the operation is running good, they have now interest on reporting the accomplishments of B+WISER on their regular programs and they started to co-fund. We take a peek on the porter’s training and guide training, the DOT standards is too high, no one will pass the exam even the tourism officers fails the exam, because it is very comprehensive. Another problem is the conflict between the 2 regions on the management of Mt. Apo. Problem on interpretion of laws, on their accounting system, general management plan and geopolitics of the Region 11 and 12. There are issues that need to be resolved. 2d. How do you think these problems should be solved? 2e. What are the challenges that the project should face? 2f. Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. 2g. What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? 435 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 3. What are ELE being implemented in MKRNP/MANP? 3a. What do you think is the status of implementation of ELE? Please explain. 3b. Are they following an enforcement plan? Please tell us of this enforcement plan? More pa doon sa patrolling and response. So habang nagla-LAWIN patrolling, nagre-response ka doon sa threats na nakikita. Yung kasama yung Datu, rampant yung pagcolecta nang rattan, minsan bata pa kinukuha nila yan para sa livelihood, diretso na ina-apprehend yung tao nang Datu mismo. Tapos yun may mga cases na tapos na naputol na yung kahoy, hinabol, inimbistigahan, tinulungan nang DENR para e-build upo yung case para ma filelan nang case yung tao yun. Siyempre doon sa patrolling doon nag-umpisa yung paper work mo, pag may naobserve kang thereat o violator dapat ma erecord mo lahat nang yun. Although ang nagtutuloy n niyan ay ang DENR pero kailangan yung information na eprovide sa DENR para mka file nang kaso. So more pa sa ganoon na area. Ang ini-envisioned kasi na maka create ka nang ganun na sytema para ma-address mo yung therats and hopefully ma bring down mo yung number of violation. basically ang main threats na identified diyan ay illegal logging, kaingin at saka illegal wildlife trafficking pero sa wildlife trafficking hindi masiyado more sa illegal logging. Yung illegal logging yung lahat nang violation pwede diyan, girdling isa yan o kaya yung diretsong putol It is more on patrolling and response. While they are on the LAWIN patrolling, they response to the threats observed. Rattan harvesting was so rampant, even the young onces were harvested for livelihood, that was directly apprehended by the tribemen. Then there are cases that trees were already cut, violators been chased and investigated. The DENR helped to build up the case against the violator. Your paper works starts on patrolling; it must be recorded whenever you observed threats or violators. Although the DENR who pursue it but you still need the information provided by the DENR to file the case. So, it is still more on those area. We envisione to create that kind of system to address the threats and hopefully to bring down the number of violations. Basically the main threat that were identified are illegal logging, kaingin and illegal wildlife trafficking but not much on wildlife trafficking, it is more on illegal logging. Illegal logging includes all violations, girdling is one or direct cutting. 3c. Who formulated the enforcement plan? Wala pa, hindi pa nagawa. Everytime na magtraining per area, halimbawa parehas yung nangyari sa unified tagabanwa Manobo, 4000 hectares yung kanilang ncestral domain pero meron silang mga tribal villages. Bawat tribal community yung representatives nag-attend nung law enforcement training, gumawa sila nang law enforcement plan, hindi na naming na monitor yun at least na facilitate sila na gumawa nang ganun, ipafollow up nalang ang leadership nang tribal council There is no plan yet formulated. Everytime there is training per area, for example like what happened to the unified Tagabanwa-Manobo, their ancestral domain is 4,000 hectares but they have trival villages. In every tribal community, it is their representatives who will attend on the law enforcement training. They formulate law enfocement plan but we haven’t a chance to monitor it, at least they were facilitated in the formulation. We will making follow ups on the leadership of the tribal council. 436 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 3d. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement plan? Kami. Ganun din sa iba, sa region 12 baka next year kami mag-start kasi nauna yung LAWIN dito, sa Davao del Sur nauna yung law enforcement. By locality kasi, ang pwede lang gawin at the PAMB level,kasi kung e divide natin ang geopolitical, kasi meron kasing tinatawag na KMM(Kidapawan Magpet Makilala) sa north Cotabato, B+WIDER nagfacilitate na ma re-organized uli yan para makatulong yung DENR sa implementation. Kasi yung sa PAMB policy lang, yung KMM alliance may execution yun parang agreement nang mga Mayor. So ang pwedng magawa diyan at that level isang task force for environmental law enforcement na magproprovide nang logistica, paralegal ang legal support para sa nang nbg-operate on the ground. So hindi mo man kailangna magformulate nang isang plano sa buong Mt. Apo kasi more focus yung planning sa specific areas, nandoon ka pra ma empower yung mga tao sa baba, so ang kailangan mong gawin dito sa taas either sa sub-national or regionbal or LGU level ma providan sila nang support logistics, finacnce, technical at saka legal more sa legal, paralegal. Yun yung pina-facilitate naming na magyari sa PAMB level at Regional level. Our office. Just the same on the other areas. Maybe next year we will start the program in Region 12. There is so called KMM (Kidapawan, Magpet, Makilala) in North Cotabato. The B+WISER facilitate to re-organized it in order for the DENR to help in the implementation. Because on the PAMB it is only policy while the KMM is alliance, there is execution as an agreement by the Mayors. So in that level we can create a task force for environmental law enforcement that will provide logistics, paralegal and legal support for the operation on the ground. So you won’t formulate a plan for the whole Mt. Apo since the planning is more focus on specific areas. You are there to empower the people in the community. So what the higher authority either sub-national or regional or LGU level needs to do, they will be provided support on logistics, finance, technical and also legal, more on legal, paralegal. That is what we facilitate to happen in the PAMB and Regional level. 3e. What is role/function in assisting in the planning and implementation of ELE? 4. What support/assistance did you provide in capacity building/training of POs, women, CBOs, Bantay Gubat, IPs, and others did you provide/get involve with relative to forest, watershed, PA management of MKRNP/MANP? 4a. What are these trainings? 4b. Who are the participants? Yung porter training at saka guide training for women meron kami tapos IP’s yung pinapunta doon. Karamihan s LGU pag sa capacity building like halimbawa yung gumawa kami nang integration nang management zoning sa Mt. Apo doon sa comprehensive land use plan pati yung enhance CLUP guideline tina-tooch naming, dini-discuss nang specialist nang B+WISER yung ridge to reef concept tapos sa mentoring at saka coaching kung paano nila gagawin sa specific areas, tapos sa law enforcement ganun din, sinasabihan naming very frank na kami sa mga IP ngayon pa lang hindi na enough yung IPRA law para e-control niyo, karamihan ang problema among their ranks, kasi admitted man sa kanila, hindi naman magpuputol nang kahoy ang mga migrants diyan kung hindi nlila papayagan, so mismo yung mga tao nila kailangan na nilang kontrolin so hindi na enough yung IPRA law. We have Porter and guide trainings for women and they are IP’s. Most of the LGUs when it comes to capacity building like for example, we create the integration of manangement zoning of Mt. Apo on their CLUP including the enhance CLUP guideline were touched, it was discuss by our B+WISER specialist the range on ridge to reef concept then the monitoring and also coaching on how to conduct it on a specific areas, then on the law enforcement is just the same. We are very frank to the IPs since IPRA law is not enough to control the violators; most of problems are among their ranks because they admitted that migrants will not cut trees without their consent, so even their tribemen must controlled. 437 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 5. Do you have a program in forest restoration? Please explain. 5a. Did you support the community or any POs, groups in their forest restoration activities? 5b. What is the nature of your support? 5c. Did you have a hand in introducing livelihoods activities in support of forest restoration activities in the area? 5d. What are these livelihood activities? 5e. Who are the participants of these activities? Tree planting. Meron kaming scattered noon. Nagjoin kami dati sa tree planting sa Kidapawan pero nagnborarder na siya doon sa palabas nang park, okay lang yun. Actually kung doon sa loob nang park mas kailangan mong protektahan, huwag mo nang galawin, huwag mo nang bawasan kasi dadami din yan. Kung sa area na gusto nating e-focus doon sa HCVA, marami doon sa labas pero sa loob wala na. sa labas, actually nagfacilitate kami with LGU’s na e-pursue nila yan tree planting, hindi na naming pinakialam yun (5c.)Aside from ecotourism, pinu-pursue naming yung native banana for export sa Japan kaya lng nagging controversial siya kasi ang native banana doon kailangn nila nang shade. Meron kasing tinatawag na Balangon, iba tawag Bongolan mabango yan native siya sa Pilipinas. Tapos na discover naming yn na crisis crop nang mga katutubo, tinatanim nila yan sa loob nang forest kasi sa panahon nang krisis nakakain nila yung bunga pero walang bumibili niyan sa baba, ang tawag diyan native cabindice, eh may nag-eexport niyan sa Japan. So pina-facilitate naming yung entry nang isang business yung Alter Trade na e-organized yung mga IP’s basta ang condition walang magpuputol nang kahoy kailangan siyang tumubo sa ilalim nang kahoy. Ang recipient ay yung mga IP’s? Oo, doon sa Bongolanon. Yung sa Manobo Tiko, interesado rin sila, depende na rin yan kung kakayanin nang Alter Trade kung itutuloy yung project kasi hindi naman sila basta-basta makapasok.\ Tree planting. We have joined before a tree planting which happens in Kidapawan but it is on the border outside the park but it is okay. Actually it is in the inner part of the park needs to be protected; tress neither must not be touched nor cut because it will get densely populated. We want to focus on the HCVA, there are more tress outside but ialready deforested inside. Actually we facilitate with LGU to pursue their tree planting. (5c.) aside from ecotourism, we want to pursue the native banana for export to Japan but it is controversial because the native banana needs the shade of the trees. There is what we called Bongolan, it is a native in the Philippines. Then we discovered that it is a crisis crop of the IP, they plant it inside the forest because during crisis that will be their food but that wouldn’t be sold in the market. It is called native cabindice. So, we facilitate the entry of one business entity the Alter Trade to organize the IP on the condition that no one will cut trees. Is the IPs the recipient? Yes in Bongolanon. The Manobo-tiko is also interested; it will only depend on the Alter Trade if they can make it and if the project will be pursue because they cannot penetrate that easily. 6. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Please explain Marami, may mga one pager kami na pini-print. Merong mga exhibits, meron din sa mga social media pero centralized yun, sa Manila yun. Tapops siyempre yung mga partners naming paka-meron silkang mga press releases sinasama kami. (6a.)Oo naman, binabasa naman nang mga tao 438 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 6a. Are they effective? In what way? 6b. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems 6c. What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? (6b.)Hindi naming focus kasi yang communication kasi. Sa field office kasi, wala sa function naming yun pero kailangan naming e-facilitate yun, wala kaming tao na tutuk doon. Kung per site ang titingnan ninyo mahirap mahiran e-ano yan nang fiel manager, kung ako hindi ko ma-gage yun. Kasi kung kailangan nang local flavor yung communication campaign halimbawa site specific Mt. Apo, hindi ko na kayang pag-isipan yun nang ako lang. kailangan ko nang isang communication officer na gagawa noon, eh ang lahat nag-iisip Manila. So kung ano lang yung mkaya yun lang. meron kaming nagagawa as far as communications are concerned pero kung sasabihin mong isang campaign for the site, hindi ganun yun kumbaga umaayon lang siya kung ano yung nagagawa naming in terms of implementation, halimbawa nung nag-trekking policy nagpress release katakot-takot na press release yan kaya lumabas sa diyaryo yan. (6c.)Well. Malaking challenge yun kasi hindi naman kami directly nag-initiate nang communication campaign. Lahat yan kinu-course through sa partner. So, magdepende yan sa kanilang advocacy. Pagnakalimotan nilang sabihin yung USAID at saka B+WISER hindi masasama yun, kumbaga hindi mo attribute na effort mo yun. Tapos ang malaking challenge talaga, nasasabi naman nila pero pagdating sa press tinatanggal( smiled) 7. What are lessons learned in performing your tasks as PASu/PAMB that you can share for the improvement of works related to forest, watershed and PA management? This program is all about mobilizing stakeholders for a common cause which is yung Biodiversity conservation. In that sense kasi kailangan maging creative ka on how to engage yung stakeholders mo especially in this case LGU’s, DENR kanila naman talaga yang mandate, ang tanong lang naman sa DENR kung gaano sila ka flexible, kung papano sila makokombinsi kung papaano mas magiging flexible pero as far as the LGU’s are concerned, meron akong nakita na mas magandang lesson kung ma-hit mo yung core interst nang LGU ma mobilized mo yan talaga sila. Mkukuha mo yung interest at ma mobilized mo sila like ecotourism is a common interest for all yun na yung comprehensive land use plan that happened on that time the LGU’s were compilled to review anf re formulate their CMUP’s pinasok din naming yun. Soin the other words it’s creating a platform of cooperation among different stakeholders.meron diyan talaga na medyo matitigas ang ulo pero hindi ka dapat magpatali doon. This program is all about mobilizing stakeholders for a common cause which is the Biodiversity conservation. In that sense, you have to be creative on how to engage with your stakeholders especially in the case of LGU, DENR, if how flexible they are, if how to convince them on how to be flexible but as far as the LGU’s is concerned, I have noticed a good lesson, if you hit the core interst of LGU you can mobilized them like ecotourism, it is a common interest for all and that’s CLUP. What happened on that time, the LGU’s were compilled to review and re-formulate their CMUP’s, and we also get involved on that. So in other words, it’s creating a platform of cooperation among different stakeholders. There are some that are stubborn but you don’t need to be hook up on that. 439 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES How do you monitor yung degradation at saka deforestation? What is your experience in monitoring this one? Pag sinabi mong deforestation yung na flatten na diba? Ano yung technical doon? Degradation is the transformation from close canopy to open canopy, kapag deforestation close-open canopy to non-forest, so how do you measure that to monitor that in your area? Nagagawa ba ninyo yun? Kasi may site sila na difficulties, hindi pwede sabi nung taga central office nang B+WISER mahirap gawin yun sa ground, gusto ko e-validate, mahirap talaga? Kung mapuntahan mo, like for instance may sinasabi yung taga CENRO nang North Cotabato na may iasng area doon na more than 80 hectares na kinaingin, deforestation diretso yun, nagperpetrate noon hindi lang isang tao, talagang grupo sila. Pero na detect nang LAWIN yun? Hindi, before pa kami. Halimbawa may isa silang naabotan doon na clear na almost 2 heactares, nagla￾LAWIN sila na rerecord talaga sa LAWIN Deforestation. Yung difficulty nang pag monitor nang degradation, anong experienced mo don? Masiyado pa maikli ang panahon para makita mo. Hindi, sinasabi ko maikli pa yung panahon para Makita mo. Tignan natin yung LAWIN reslt naming for the past 6 months, may makikita ka doon na deforestation, may makikita ka din doon na degradation kasi may areas na pinutulan nang kahoy na irecord yun. Degradation. Meron din mga areas na clean nay un, deforestation. So makikita mo yun Kasi ang nagging issue sa Manila, mahirap daw I differentiate ang deforestation sa degradation on the ground, totoo bay un? Depende kasi, baka ang probleman nila doon ano ang cut off mo para masabi mo deforested siyaa, ano yung cut off mo para masabi mong degraded siya How do you say cut off? Gaano kalaki yung area para masabi mong deforested siya. Diba ang closed canopy forest 60% canopy pataas, ang open canopy 20-60% pataas, 20% below deforested, ano ang unit of measure mo, 1 hectare? Yun doon nagtatalo. Yun na nga ang sinasabi ko, ano ang unit of measure mo para masabi mo kung deforested siya or degraded lang siya kasi kahit na halimbawa nasa loob ka nang forest area makikita mo yun. Halimbawa parehas nung nakita nila sa Sibulan, dalawang ektarya yun, estimate lang yun by field of sight kasi hindi mo naman kailangan e measure, makikita mo yun. Nagyon ang tanong don, ano yung unit of measure, paano mo ilalagay sa LAWIN mo yun halimbawa, defoprested na ba siya o degraded lang siya. Or simply sabihin mo lang na clear yung approximately 2 hectares. Yun yung difficulty. Actually may pagtatalo nga kami doon sa analysus nang forest covered chains, maraming areas na pula sa Mt. Apo pero nung pinuntahan 440 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES When you say deforestation, it is flatten right? What is the technical on that? How do you monitor degradation and deforestation? If you can go there, like for instance the CENRO of North Cotabato would say that there is an area there of more than 80 hectares that were being cleared (Kaingin), it is considered deforestation, the perpetrator is considered a group and not just one person. But, did the LAWIN detected it? No, that was before B+WISER started, for example, there is almost 2 hectares that’s been cleared and there using LAWIN, it is really recorded in the LAWIN. What is your experience with monitoring of degradation? Time is too short to see that, if we look at the LAWIN results for the past 6 months, you can see deforestation and degredation because some trees were cut in an area and it was being recorded. And some areas that were cleared, deforestation. Is it true that it’s difficult to deffirentiate the deforestation and degradation on the ground? It depends because maybe there problem is the cut off to say that it’s deforested and or degraded. How do you say cut off? How wide is your area to say it’s deforested. Closed canopy forest 60% canopy up, and the open canopy 20-60% up. 20% below is deforested, what is your unit of measure, 1 hectare? Yes, that’s the disagreement That’s what I’ve been saying, what is your unit of measure to say if it’s deforested or if it’s only degraded because even though For example, you are inside the forest area, you can obviously noticed it. For example, like what they observed in Sibulan, it was 2 hectares, an estimate by field of sight. The question, what is your unit of measure, how will you reflect it to the LAWIN, is it deforested or degraded only. Or you simple say, approximately the 2 hectares area was cleared. That’s the difficulty. Actually we had arguments on the analysis of forest covered chains, there are lots of areas were red in Mt, Apo but when we visited the area, it was densely populated with tress. Actually, we present the satellite imagery to the stakeholders, many of them complains, “it is not true, we reforested it 10 years ago”. We told them it was only estimate but if its true or not, it needs to be validated on the ground. Indeed, the degradation is difficult to monitor Actually even satellite imagery. Like Sibulan for example, if you look at it, it is red in the map, the area is really deforested but during our LAWIN patrolling, IP’s estimation it is almost 4,000 hectares but it was not detected by the satellite imagery. So we have that kind of problem in terms of science. 441 7. CENTRAL MINDANAO COLLEGE-ADMINISTRATION Name: Mark Gennesis Dela Cerna Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in teh Company (or Office): Extension Officer Agency / Office: Central Mindanao College-Administration Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Province: North Cotabato Municipality: Kidapawan City Others: Contact Number: 09187201943 Date of Interview: November 30, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: 11:25 AM Time Ended:12:00 NN KII with Mark Gennesis Dela Cerna, Extension Officer, Central Mindanao College, 27 November 2015, Kidapawan City 442 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. History/story of the partnership between B+WISER and CMC? a. What CMC office has a direct contact with B+WISER? b. Giunsa pagsugod? c. when was the partnership started? d. what is the requirement at the beginning of the partnership? e. Is there a MOU/MOA between B+WISER and CMC? Are you the one who formulate the MOU? Nag-start man siya sa event namo sa KAMPO KINAIYAHAN, naa koy friend sa RED CROSS, partner man gud namo ang RED CROSS Kidapawan, nag-recommend siya why not you invite B+WISER, they have this programs na related to environment kay daghan na sila program ang B+WISER pero naka-specific kung unsa ang partnership. So kami niingon mi nga would it be possible ba nga magka-partner mi for environmental initiatives or programs namo, so mao to gi-try nako sila padalhan ug letter na to be part of the activity and fortunately they responded andsila yung ng-sponsor nang 500 tress for the last tree planting in partnership of Municipality of Magpet nga nag-sponsor pod ug sakyanan namo. Amo gyud to siya nga gipaningkamotan, supposedly dili na to madayon kay ang area, na pursue gyud namo. and that area gi-declare siya ug eco site wherein adapted area nang CMC. Nag-start man siya sa event namo sa KAMPO KINAIYAHAN, naa koy friend sa RED CROSS, partner man gud namo ang RED CROSS Kidapawan, nag-recommend siya why not you invite B+WISER, they have this programs na related to environment kay daghan na sila program ang B+WISER pero naka-specific kung unsa ang partnership. So kami niingon mi nga would it be possible ba nga magka-partner mi for environmental initiatives or programs namo, so mao to gi-try nako sila padalhan ug letter na to be part of the activity and fortunately they responded andsila yung ng-sponsor nang 500 tress for the last tree planting in partnership of Municipality of Magpet nga nag-sponsor pod ug sakyanan namo. Amo gyud to siya nga gipaningkamotan, supposedly dili na to madayon kay ang area, na pursue gyud namo. and that area gi-declare siya ug eco site wherein adapted area nang CMC. Kami gyud 2014, last year man ang ecocamp and until karon, naa gani siula na mention nga lain nga program LAWIN, nangutan si sir if it is possible ba nga makigpartner mi sa project then ana ko na “we will see sir kung asa mi pwede mo sulod” kay amo biya mga studyante teachers, amoa man lang dire is manpower. Ang gipangayo nila sa amoa kay proposal kung unsa ang activity thenattached id the budget para makabalo sila sa ilahang intervention. Actually maam dugay na name nga plano MOU signing mi, nagpadala ko letter sa ilaha last june or july ata, inviting them nga mga-MOU signing mi, mao to na hectic ilang schedule pa considering the fact na busy man gyud sila, nagapaabot lang mi but we drafted already the MOU, formal signing nalang gyud ang kulang. Initially nag-reply sila January daw or kung dili sila busy this December, kay naa daw sila sa Mt. Apo kay kami pod dili pod mi mosugot nga ipadayon ang partnership kung walay MOU kay requirement pod na sa amoa during accreditation. Dili pod, naa sila existing MOU with other agencies, gipadla nila amoa then among gi-edit, dapat kabalo lang mi kung unsa ang among ma-extend, resources limited lang kung asa mi. so, after which e-send namo 443 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES f. what assistance did you received from B+WISER? g. Other partner agencies and NGO’s? g1. Assistance received? ug balik, e-send n pod nila ug balik sa amoa for final. Katong 500 seedlings, katong sa TreeVolution katong gi-beat nato ang india sa Genes katong simultaneous nga magtanom ug puno in 1 hoursila to ang nag-sponsor sa sakyanan, snacks, tanan, kami lang ang involvement is manpower lang dayon ang pagtanom. In short kung naa silay mga program, invite mi nila to send delegates or participants. RED CROSS, we have SEED4COM(sustainable Energy and enterprise Development for Communities) related to environment din sila pero we hada separate MOU din with them, so lahi pod amiong mga projects and intervention sa ilaha. Just this year summer, we install solar panel at Compotela Valley, sila pod ang naglihok sa program, moang intervention ng-donate mi ug solar panel, in behalf ang studyante ang nag-install gidala nila ang material for installation of solar panel. MYDC(Mindanao Youth Development Center Inc.), Davao based na siya wherein ang among mga program for example capability building, mga trainings, seminars, workshops, gina-invite namo sila. For example naa mi workshop about sa opisina sila among gina-invite ang MYDC, naga-extend pod sila ug mga insights about sa community extension man pod siya. It was started during our event on KAMPO KINAIYAHAN, I have a friend from RED CROSS since they are our partner (RED CROSS- Kidapawan), he recommend why not to invite B+WISER, they have this programs related to environment since B+WISER has numerous programs but it is specific on what partnership. So we think it would be possible for us to be of partner on environmental initiatives on our programs. I tried to send them a letter of intent to be part of the activity and fortunately they responded and they sponsored 500 trees for the last tree planting that was in partnership of Municipality of Magpet who sponsored also vehicles for us to be use. We tried our best to pursue the activity and that area declared as eco site wherein adapted by CMC. My office. 2014, since eco-camp happened last year and it is until now. They have mentioned other program LAWIN. We are asked if it is possible for us to be partners of the program, I told them “we will see where we can get in” because only manpower is what we can provide. They only asked from us a proposal on what activities and attached on it is the budget so that they would know their intervention. Actually, we have been planning for MOU signing, I already sent them a letter last June or July inviting them for MOU signing but our schedule won’t meet, they have a very hectic schedule. We are only waiting for them, we already drafted the MOU. Initially they respond that MOU signing maybe this coming January or December because they are still focusing on Mt. Apo. On our part, without the MOU we won’t pursue the partnership because it is one of the requirements during our accreditation. 444 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES No, they have existing MOU with other agencies, they sent it to us and we edited it, and we must be aware on what we can only extend, our resources is only limited. So after which, we sent it back to them and then they sent back to us for final draft. The 500 seedlings during the TreeVolution where we beat India on the Genius World Record. Tree planting happened simultaneously in 1 hour. They sponsor everything from vehicles, snacks; our involvement is only manpower and the planting. In short when they have programs they invite us to send delegates or participants. RED CROSS, we have SEED4COM (sustainable Energy and Enterprise Development for Communities) which is related to environment also but we have a separate MOU with them, so we have different projects and intervention with them. Just this year, last summer we install solar panel at Compostella Valley. They facilitate the program, we donate solar panel as our intervention and in behalf the students were the one who install the panel, they carry with them the materials for installation. We invite the MYDC (Mindanao Youth Development Center Inc.), a Davao based, whenever we have our programs for example capability building, trainings, seminars, workshops. They extend insights about the community. 2. Does your school has environment and forest management program? Do you have specific area for CMC only? Is it your area (Mt. Apo)? Which you can request in DENR? 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and management program? Naa pod, naa mi area pod pero dili gyud siya program kay ang gakahitabo man gud, ga-coordinate mi PENRO wherein kung mag-tree planting mi mangayo lang mi ug puno then magpa-identify mi kung asa to pwede itanom. Pero naay area nga gihatag sa amoa wherein ang among studyante didto pod nila ginatanom especially ning among PE students naga-tree planting man gyud na sila didto nila ginabutang, naa gyud adapted area ang school. Katong Eco site nga declare siya nga among area wherein about to MOA signing pod mi with Municipality of Magpet. The area is good for 500 trees but dili ko ka sure kay pag-tree planting namo gibulag-bulag man gud mi ato. Wala pa na nasukod kung pila ka ektarya but naa gyud mi area didto sa Eco site namo. Sa Mt. Apo pod naa mo area didto na ginalimpyohan, ang among studyante manaka sila didto partner gihapon nila ang USAID, clean up sila didto Oo, amo lang ginapangayo karon ang declaration nga kami ang nag-adapt ana nga area. Oo, DENR plus the B+WISER, sila man ang main intiator sa project gud. Sa area, bag-o lang mi nag-adto didto with our partners sa USAID, naay foreigners nga nakauban namo. Okay man kay naa man gi-hire na caretaker sa mga puno. Actually wala ko kabalo kung unsay status kay wala man gyud nako nan a-isa-isa nang puno pero ang ako alng mahatag na assurance naa gyud tao nga naga-monitor ana, naa man gi-hire ang B+WISER nga tao na magbantay, magmonitor atong gipananom namo. B+wiser ang ga-finance. Actually na mention nila sa amoa na mag-train sila ug tao gikan sa amoa nga e-hire nila, sila ang magbayad from CMC nga mga empleyado, pero dili siya possible kay ang mga tao dire kay full time, ana ko “why not we will source out nalang para mas dali” siguro naa man mga IP’s dinha. So 445 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Before your partnership with B+WISER, is that area already exist? 2b. Have their been changes with your environmental and forest management program after partnering with B+WISER? What are these changes? mao to mura duh aka tao yata ilang gi-hire, nagatuyok didto sa area. Oo, existing na, sa Bongolanon falls na siya Tawsuvan river. Actually giapaningkamotan sa munisipyo nga mahimo siyang tourism wherein maka-gain siya ug fund para sa munisipyo. Nag-storya na pod mi tourism officer nila ug Mayor na this area is declared as area of CMC and B+WISER. Wala man kay dili man gyud an aka stick ang among partnership, kana bang kung naa silay program diha lang pod mi mo sulod, kung naa pod mi program ilabay pod namo sa ilaha, diha pod sila mo sulod kay wala man gud gyud mi calendar of activities nga related to.. Although naa mi plan pero wala pa nako nalabay sa ila kay mao lagi busy sila, katong adapt a tree. Yes. We also have area but it was not really a program, What happen was we coordinate with the PENRO whenever we have tree planting we ask for stocks and then seek help in identifying areas where to plant. But there is an area given to us wherein our student plant trees especially our PE students. The school has an adapted area. The eco site which is our declared area, we are about to have MOA signing with Municipality of Magpet. The area can accommodate 500 trees but I am not so sure about the figure because tree planting were dispersed. I don’t have idea if how many hectares but I’m certain we have an area in eco site. In Mt. Apo, we have an area which we constantly clean up, the students climb for the clean-up drive with the partnership of USAID. Yes. We are now requesting for the declaration that we adapted the area. Yes DENR plus the B+WISER, since they are main initiator of the project. We went there just recently with our partners (USAID). The area is okay because there is a caretaker of the trees being hired. Actually I don’t know what the status really is but the only assurance I can give is there’s someone who monitors which being hired by the B+WISER. Actually they mentioned that they will train employees from us to be hired by them but it is not possible because our employees are full time, I told them “ why not we will source out outside (IP)”. So, they hire 2 people to monitor the area. Yes it exists already; it is in Bongolanon falls, Tawsuvan River. Actually, the LGU is trying their best to make it a tourism site wherein they can gain fund for the municipality. We have talked with the Tourism officer and the Mayor that this area is declared as area of CMC and B+WISER. No because our partnership is not that stick. When they have programs that’s the time we come in, when we also have programs we invite them and that’s the time also for them to come in. although we have planned program (adapt a tree) but I wasn’t able to invite them since they are still busy. 3. What are the activities related to environmental protections that you have involved or in partnership with B+WISER? We initiated the national clean up day, nation wide nga nag-clean up ang, mura kami ang host sa Mindanao-Kidapawan. So we initiated the national clean up day nga ang among target is 5 million volunteers ang mag-join, nag-initiate mi ana, sabay-sabay nga nag-clean up nanggawas ang mga tao. 446 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES unsa nga mga kalihokan nga naay kalabutan sa pagpanalipod sa kinaiyahan/kalangasan ang inyong naapilan or nag-partner mo sa B+WISER? 3a. When and where? Do you have clean-up drive in the MANP area? What are your methods on information dissemination? 3b. participated in enforcement activities? Does the B+WISER has an involvement on it? Do you have policies formulated on it? How did you work it out? 3c. what is your role? 3d. what are the benefits? 3e. what are the problems encountered? Whole Kidapawan tapos naa pod nag-clean up sa Davao, sa Digos. Aside ana active mi sa activities s CENRO-Kidapawan. So every 1st Saturday of the month declared as City wide clean up, part pod mi ana. Every 1st Saturday of the month manggawas mi, magdala mi ug sako, silhig, magkuha mi ug basura. Kung naa lang opportunity kay naa mi studyante mga bag-o lang gipasaka katong nag clean up sila. Ako dili ko pasalig, ang consideration man gud, dili mi kahatag ug assurance kung uadto ang studyante sa forest kay NPA ana gud nga story, ikaduha is ang safety nilagina-consider na namo, kami mamili lang mi mga volunteers nga kinsa ang willing. Partner pod namo ang city tourism, for example karon naa silay climb sa Mt. Apo, kami nagatabang pod mi dessiminate nga naa silay programa ani. Sa facebook, sa school. Tabang na pod namo sa city tourism kay actually magMOA man pod unta mi pero wala pa gyud kay busy kayo sir. Recemillia. Yes kay kami mismo sa among school naa mi gi-craft nga solid waste management program nga wherein, initially nalink naman nako ang mga head sa offices, this year or next year before sa among accreditation visit is ma implement namo tong mga na enurate namo nga mga program dito(secondary data provided) Actually gitagan namo sila ug proposal kung asa sila pwede mosulod Part na didto sa manual, gibutnagn namo ug mga environmental laws, gi-lift namo dayon gibutang namo didto. Ni pop-up lng sa akoan mind (laughed), naka-craft, nag-storya-storya lang gud tapos nagdecide mi what if maghimo ta ug program nga problema pod sa school, kabalo biya ka aning studyante pataka lang ug labay, kay ako gikapo na pod ko, kay sa administration man gud mi, part mi sa beautification sa school. Mao to naghimo ug manual nga nakabutang didto tanan (enforcement, etc.) Naapod mi na craft nga manual sa akoang office for those students employed-volunteers, participates will be given recognition during our graduation, last year lang mi nag-start, nag-award mi ug service award sa mga studyante nga naghatag ug serbisyo s school, then kana nga proseso, nag-apply na sila why they deserved to be awarded. Naay mga intervention, checking of diocuments. Mao to ma motivate sila na mo participate and aside ana gina-motivate man gud namo sila nga service to humanity is service to God (smile)mga ingon ana. So far, siguro ang monitoring and evaluation. Diha mi weak so far kay ako ra man gud ga man sa office 447 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES man, one man show ra man gud ni, kauban nko mga student assistance. So ako paningkamotan nako nga makahimo ko ug draft on impact evaluation on community extionsion works namo sa office. So mao pa na akoang gina work out. Ang sustainability lagi mao man gyud mag-end, partners na ta ang sustainability ani karon then who will monitor and who will evaluate. We initiated the national clean-up day, it is nationwide. We are the host in Mindanao-Kidapawan. Our target is to have 5 million volunteers who will join. People go out and simultaneously cleaned up. In the whole Kidapawan and also in Davao, Digos. Aside from that we are active on the activities of CENRO-Kidapawan. So, every 1st Saturday of the month, it is declared as City wide clean up, we go out, bringing sack and broom with us, we are collecting garbage. If there is only an opportunity. We have students recently climbing on Mt. Apo for the clean-up drive. I can’t give assurance for the safety of the students and it is one of the considerations to be done. We select only volunteers, those who are only willing. City tourism is also our partner, for example they have climb, and we are the one disseminating information about the program. Through social media (facebook), in school. We helped the City Tourism because actually we will be signing MOA with them but Sir. Recemilla was still busy. Yes because we, our school even crafted solid waste management program wherein we are link initially on the head offices. This year or next year before our accreditation visits, implementation of the programs must be done (the list of programs is on the secondary data the informant provided). Actually we send them the proposal if where they possible can get in. It is part and it is on the manual, we include environmental laws. It popped up on my mind (laughed). While talking to my colleagues, we decided what if we craft a program that has something to do with the problem of the school which is proper waste disposal because part of the administration is beautification of the school. From there we crafted a manual and stipulated on it are enforcement, etc. We have crafted a manual on my office for those students employed-volunteers, who participates will be given recognition during our graduation. We only started last year, we awarded service award for those students who give service to the school. The process is they apply why they deserved to be awarded. There are interventions, checking of documents. Because of that they motivated to participate and aside from that we motivate them also that “service to humanity is service to God” (smiled). So far, I think on monitoring and evaluation. We are weak on that because I am the only one in the office, it is one 448 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES man show, I am only with student assistance. I am trying to make a draft on impact evaluation on the community extension works in our office. Another thing, the sustainability is the end point, partnership is already built, how about the sustainability then who will monitor and who will evaluate. 4. What are the training or capacity building seminars that you attended or in partnership if B+WISER NRM o environmental protection? 4a. When? 4b. Benefits? 4c. Problems? Katong KAMP KINAIYAHAN, kami ang initiator participated by 500 student-leader from north Cotabato August 1-3, 2014 They received certificate signed by the Governor. The registration is not that much, very cheap, naa nay tshirt, tanan-tanan na, then entertainment The KAMP KINAIYAHAN, we are the initiator, it is participated by 500 student-leaders from North Cotabato. August 1-3, 2014 They received certificate signed by the Governor. The registration is not that much, very cheap, there are t-shirt given, etc., and then there is entertainment. 449 8. METRO KIDAPAWAN WATER DISTRICT Name: Engr. Sandy Alqueza Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Company (or Office): Assistant General Manager Agency / Office: Metro Kidapawan Water District Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Province: North Cotabato Municipality: Kidapawan City Others: Contact Number: 09177197373 Date of Interview: November 27, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: 10:30 AM Time Ended:11:00 AM KII with Engr. Sandy Alqueza, Assistant General Manager, 27 November 2015, Metro Kidapawan Water District 450 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the role of your offie on the B+WISER project and on MANP? Actually the way I understand, ang role sa B+WISER first and foremost nag-come in sila because ang kami ang regular member sa MANP. So as a member sa MANP, na-introduce mi sa B+WISER sa ila e￾channel ang mga environmental programs nga concern sa USAID. So with that siguro nakita pod sa B+WISER ang amoang commitment sa environment because as one of the stakeholders sa MANP nga naa pod area sa Mt. Apo ang nakita pod nila ang amonag existing programs with the IP communities so, interested sila, didto nag-start tanan. Actually we have several activities nga partner ang B+WISER and most of this activities katong acxtivities na mo in line with sa amoang program sa IP’s. as far as I can remember naa nami mga several trainings with the IP’s nga partner namo ang B+WISER, usually ang among partnership gi-extend nila ang ilang technical expertise, they have consultants and mga trainors and we provide the basic requirement like facilities, financial, then communication because kami nman ang naka-direct sa mga IP’s. Ang training pod is very specific didto sa empowerment of the IP’s and at the same time kana pod environmenrtal protection because ang mga IP’s namo dire actually within the buffer zones lang of the Mt. Apo, they know very well the terrain, the community, so kanba gina-equip lang namo sila legally, technically, so nag-assist ang B+WISER ana Actually the way I understand the role of B + WISER first and foremost, they come in because we are the member of the MANP. So as a member of the MANP, we are introduced to the B+WISER where environmental programs which are a USAID concerns will be channeled to them. So with that, I think B+WISER noticed our commitment on environment because as one of the MANP stakeholders that has an area also in Mt. Apo and they also noticed our existing programs with the IP communities so, they are interested. Actually we have several activities in partnership with the B+WISER. And most of these activities were in line with our IP’s programs. As far as I can remember, we have several trainings with the IP in partnership with the B+WISER. Usually our partnership is, B+WISER extend their technical expertise, they have consultants and trainers, we provide the basic requirements like facilities, financial aspect and then communication. The training is very specific through the empowerment of the IP’s and at the same time on the environmental protection because our IP’s here actually is within the buffer zone only of Mt. Apo. They knew very well the terrain, the community. So we equip them legally, technically with the assistance of the B+WISER. What year does your partnership with the B+WISER started? 2 years ago, 2014, I think from the very start naa dayon mi It was 2 years ago, 2014 I think. From the very start we are involved already. What are your programs for the IP’s? Daghan. Actually since naga-maintain mi ug 4 groups of IP’s, duha sa Makilala, isa from Perez nd then we have sa Bongolanon, Magpet. Lahi-lahi man gud ang among approach, although naa mi common nga mga programs like for example deputization of forest guards, common na siya pero as far as livelihood, naay mga livelihood nga dili applicable sa mga lugar, naa pod livelihood nga applicable sa is aka lugar, so 451 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What are those trainings? What is the difference with the presence of B+WISER that you noticed? depende, and aside from that, trainings, kami mismo ang mag-recommend kay dili gud mi gusto nga masayang ang ilang training, so gina-screen namo kinsa tong e-recommend namo for trainings. Usually environmental protection and management gihapon. Tapos naa lang pod mi wala nadayon although naka-line up, I don’t know if aware mo atong program nila sa weather-PAG-ASA, nasayangan mi ato, interested unta kayo mi kay himoon unta to nga is aka station ang amoan kuan. Wala dawn a nadayo kay naa daw problema sa taas. And naa na unta mi level 3 nga activity regarding sa Multi-sectoral Forest Protection Program. wala pod nadayon kay murag naa re-organization something like that(B+WISER), mao na ilang gi- reason, naka-line up last year man ata to or early this year pero the concept is there, mas gwapo man gud ug naay partnership kay nakita nako B+WISER is an effective tool apdulong to other agencies, unlike kung kami ang mo direct, LGU’s, DENR, lahi gyud ug naa ang B+WISER, siguro mao pod na ilang field of expertise kanang maghan-ay. Dali nila ma harmonized ang amoang mga activities, tapos ang napansin pod nako with B+WISER siguro sa ilang expertise when they are doing the work financial plan, murag mao man gud na ilang forte, kanang mga assessment dali gyud kayo sila, unya mag-trouble shoot. Of course like naay mga conflicts, issues nga dapat namong e-settle, kung kami man gud dili na mawala ang self serving na concept sa uban, we have to protect ang amoang interest pero with B+WISER nakita na namo nga mura ma plantsa nila. Although mao man gyud na kasagaran bisan before B+WISER, ecogov (USAID) pa man to sauna, basta naa na sila mao nang advantage pod kay neutral on things. Numerous. Actually, since we maintained 4 groups of IP’s, 2 from Makilala, 1 from Perez and then we have from Bongolanon, Magpet. Our approach differs although we have common programs like for example, deputation of forest guards but as far as livelihood, there are which that are not applicable on some areas and there also applicable in one area only. And aside from that, on trainings, we are the one who recommend since we don’t want the trainings will come to naught. So, we screen whoever we recommend for the trainings. Usually environmental protection and management training. Then we have training that has been line-up, the “Weather-PAGASA”, I don’t know if you are aware of that program. We are very interested because they will make MKWD as the station. It was not push through because of the problem on their higher management. And we have as well a level 3 activity regarding on Multi-sectoral Forest Protection Program but was not also pushed through because of re-organization (B+WISER) I think, that was the reason provided to us. The program was lined-up last year I think or early this year but the concept is there. The way I see it, To have partnership with B+WISER is an effective tool towards other agencies unlike if we go directly to LGU’s, DENR. It makes difference with the presence of B+WISER, i think to organized is their field of expertise. They easily harmonized our activities. Then what I observed also with B+WISER, maybe because of their expertise when they are doing the work and financial plan, I think that’s their forte. When it comes to assessment 452 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES and trouble shooting, they are efficient. When there are conflicts, issues to be resolve, we can’t avoid the self￾serving concept from other parties, we have to protect our own interest but with B+WISER, they can quickly resolve it. Even before B+WISER, it was ECOGOV (USAID) before, they are neutral on things and that’s the advantage of their presence. Do you have an established livelihood with the B+WISER? Do you have your own livelihood projects before B+WISER? Naa name mga trainings pero ang program wla pa na push through kay supposed to be naa name katong mga saging-saging,naa name mga workshop, na identify na nila tong market sa mga IP’s. naka-initial na sila sa amoang area, naka-conduct na sila survey sa katong mga IP’s. mao tong nsundang na kay naabtan sa murag sa re-organization. Naa man galling pero siyempre limited kayang amoang orientation is unsa lang ang naa dinha tapos ang mag-facilitate sa amoa dili gyud na mao ang iyang trabaho man gud kumbaga multi-tasking lang, watershed incharged, of course ang amoang forester lahi man ang iyang focus. We have trainings but the programs wasn’t push through. We have banana program supposed to be, we already have workshops, market for the IP was already identified by them (B+WISER). They already conducted initial survey on our area (IP’s community). Due to re-organization it was not pursue. We have but only limited because our orientation is only limited on the available resources, then the one who facilitate is not his field of expertise, it is multi-tasking, watershed in charged, of course our forester has other focus. What is your contribution in preserving the MANP? Do you have forest guard? Aside sa naa mi area nga 625 hectares kapin, 1.gina-manage namo na, gina-protect using our own corporate fund. 2. Wala mi nagalimit sa amoang area in fact daghan kayo mi mga cases na gina-file nga within the buffer zones namo nga tan-aw namo ma threatened gyud ang environment. So kami ang suki sa DOLESAPHILCO kay naa silay mga cases nga ga-encroach pod sila, kung dili man sila ga-encroach ang ilang activities really detrimental sa environment. Naa mi, forester namo. Naa pod mi mga IP’s namo nga group, naa mi organic member, naa pod mi gi-tap lang as a groupd, mao na sila, unya siya (forester) naga-everlook sa tanan. Aside on we have more than 625 hectares, 1. We maintain and protect the area using our own corporate funds; 2. We don’t limit on our area, in fact we have voluminous cases filed within our buffer zones which we think the environment is under threat. We are the complainant of the “DOLSALFILCO”, there are cases of encroachment, if not, their activities encroached on our area that were really detrimental to the environment. We have our forester. We have also IP’s groups, we have organic member, and we have also tapped on the ground. Our forester overlook on everything. Do you have reforestation program? Oo, ongoing. Naa mi 5 year development plan. Ang among 5 year development plan integrated ang approach ana, nga dili lang reforestation, including management and development/improvements. So naa mi mga goal, in fact ang among area nag-conduct mi ug watershed characterization, lisod man gud mag￾implement lang ka ug program without understanding the area. So gi-watershed characterization gyud mi 453 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES and then from there mao to ang among reference sa among mga developments. 5 year na siya, annually gina-review namo asa nata, asa ta padulong, naa pa mga inventory, endemic specie, naa mi mga nurseries. So far, sa dili panghambog, amoang area nalang diha ang murag virgin forest kay during watershed characterization namo, ang amoang mga kahoy diha three or four century old na kahoy, wala gyud namo gipahilabtan, matumba na siya pasagdan lang namo na. It is ongoing. We have a 5 year development plan and the approach is integrated, not only limited to reforestation but including management and development/improvements. So we have set goals, where in fact we conducted in our area a watershed characterization. It is difficult to implement a program without understanding the area. So, watershed characterization conducted and from there, it will be our reference for development. It is 5 year and we reviewed it annually if it’s on track, where our direction. There are inventories, endemic specie and we also have nurseries. So far, I am not bragging about it, our area is the only virgin forest left. During our watershed characterization, we have three or four century old tress and it was preserved. What support did B+WISER provide? Technical and actually nag-extend pod sila financial like usahay kanang mga meals during the training, depende man gud na sa amoang arrangement. Usualkly ang amoang gina-provide ang vehicle, space, mga communication and other minor requirement ang ilaha usually mga pagkaon Technical and actually they extend financial support like the meals during the training and support depends on our arrangement. We usually provide vehicle, venue, communication and other minor requirement. How is your relationship between B+WISER? Like on what issues? Okay man so far, naa mi focal, naa pod silay focal person kung dako-dako ang among issues katon man pod ilang dako-dako ang muanhi dire Mag-involved na ug financial matters, dili na kayo maka-decide katong ilang focal person nga na assign dire na area. Like for example one time, nag-adto gyud dire is aka team, naa silay mga abogado, kay nag￾discuss man mi ug legal aspect It is okay so far, we both have focal persons. If we have huge issues, they send their high rank officials. That involves financial matters which their focal person assigned on this area can’t decide on that. There was one time for example; one team arrived here together with their legal consultant since we are discussing the legal aspect. Do you have MOU/MOA signed between the B+WISER? Supposed to be nka-formulate name ug MOA this year mao gyud na amoang target, tapos nakalatag didto amoang plans ang programs, tungod lagi anang reshuffling napalong kdali, mao na ila gina-rason eh, unsa ba naa bay problema sa taas. Actuall naa gyud mi, nag-draft na gyud mi ug agreement, maayo man gud tong naa tay agreement kay kabalo ta aha ta padulong, dili kay hanging. We have formulated our MOA this year and that’s our target, it was written there our plans and programs because of the reshuffling it was not pursue, that’s the only reason they provide to us. Actually we drafted already the agreement and it is important for us to be aware on where is our direction. 454 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Do you have problems encountered in communication? Any problems you have encountered with B+WISER? So far wala man So far wala koy nakita nga mga problema. Dali man mi storyahon, siguro tungod pod sa set-up sa amoang oposina,. Nakita namo win-win ang amoang kuan, gi-served namo sila, gi-served pod mi nila There is none so far. I haven’t seen any problem so far. We are easy to deal with maybe because of our office set up. Win-win situation was observed, we served them, and they served us. Do you have IEC tools produced between B+WISER and your office? Mao nay murag wala kay so far on the spot ang amoang activities eh We don’t have, so far our activities happened on the spot. What are the challenges you faced as of now with the B+WISER project? Actually ang challenges namo is the implementation sa katong gi-concept na programs kaysa sayangan mi ba, sayang ang nasugdan nga walay implementation. Tapos ang chleenges ana gyud of course ang participation sa uban agencies kay ang PAMB man gud composed of various sector, so nakita namo very gamay ang percentage nga naay capacity to implement the programs and naay uban agencies pod nga kulang ug political will, importante kayo na siya. Lisod kayo nakalatag ang tanan, equip kayo ta sa baload, in fact multiplicity of law isa na sa concern nato pero pag-abot sa implementation wala, execution wala, so okay klang kung Mayor nimo ug Barangay captain, mao man na kasagaran member sa PAMB, naa gyud environmental commitment. Maayo na lang gyud karon lately nga nag-separate mi ug sub-PAMB’s. ang MANP karon gi-composed ug duh aka sub-PAMB’s, gilahi namo ang Davao ug North Coatabato side kay ang level of interest sa Davao site kay very active ang dire na side, ang dito wala-wala gyud. Siguro kay didto wala na silay dapat nga prptektahan didto man gud, geographically speaking ang ilang forest didto wala-wala na gyud. Ang ilang Kapatagan, mao nay klaro nga MANP nga opaw na gyud, didto AND na, mao nang ilang interest dili parehas sa amoa. Kung mag-agad mi sa Davao, wala gyud, ang nakapangit lang kay ang balaod naga-sulti ang modala sa chair sa MANP must be RED sa Davao side. Naningkamot nalang mi ug amo dire. So regularly, last week nag-conduct mi ug meeting (PAMB) dire nga kami lang kung naa ang B+WISER ato definitely makig-sabay ang B+WISER ato pero wala naman kay so far siguro with the last 2 years meetings with the PAMB, naa gyud ang B+WISER, mahibal-an namo kung naa ang B+wsier kay didto man gyud na sa gwapo-gwapo nga hotel(smiled), wala naman. Actually our challenges are on the implementation of the conceptualized programs because we don’t want efforts came to naught. Then the challenge of course is the participation of other agencies because PAMB is composed of various sectors. We have noticed there is only small percentage that has the capacity to implement the programs. There are other agencies that lacks political will and it is really important. Everything was provided, we are equip by laws, in fact multiplicity of law is one our concerns but very weak when it comes to implementation and execution. So it is an advantage if the Mayor or Barangay Captain since they are the usual member of the PAMB, has an environmental commitment. 455 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Lately we separated a sub-PAMB’s. the MANP is composed of two sub-PAMB’s, the Davao side and North cotabato side because the level of interest differs, North Cotabato is very active compare to Davao, maybe because they don’t have something to protect, geographically speaking, their forest is already deforested, the Kapatagan is the obvious MANP which is deforested, and most of their PA areas are Ancestral Domain. If we keep on relying to Davao, we can’t do anything and what’s bad about it, the law states that the Chairman of the MANP must be the RED on the Davao side. We try our best here. So. Regularly, last week we conducted meeting (PAMB) here, if the B+WISER were available that time definitely they will get involved. So far with the last 2 years meetings with the PAMB, B+WISER were involved and we would know that they are involved because our accommodation would be on a high class hotel (smiled). What are the lessons learned in performing your task? Operation cost gyud. No matter ang desire nimo nga mag-protect sa environment kung kay leverage of resources lisod, tapos kung mismo ang community walay livelihood, mga forest products ilaha gyud nang e-sacrifice para manginabuhi na sila. So bottomline kwarta gihapon, financial needs gihapon. Actually daghan mi na report sa DENR tapos ang ending amoa lang pasayloon, magbaligya ug uling, mga IP, if imong presohon, maghangyo man sa imoha, ang asawa perting looya. So intead amo nalang patamnon pila ka thousands diha na kahoy in return. Mao na karon kay siyempre with urbanization halos tanan mosaka naman, unya ma displaced tong, dghan nang lugar sa IP karon nga kristiyano or bisaya na ang nag-occupy. Actually gina-address namo na with our programs, tagaan namo sila ug informnation drive, pag-wala ni mao niy epekto or tagaan nimo ug trabaho, daghan mi na-employed na IP’s, wala mi nagakuha ug taga￾gawas, taga-didto among ginakuha mismo It is really operation costs. No matter what your desires to protect the environment, if leverage of resources is limited. Then if even the community don’t have alternative livelihood, they will sacrifice the forest products for living. So bottom line, it is really on financial aspect, financial needs. Actually we have numerous reports to DENR, and then it ends up on amicable settlement. The IPs sells charcoal, if you imprison them, they will ask for sympathy. So instead, they plant thousands of trees in return for their violation. And due to urbanization, there is an increase of settlers in the forest, IP’s were displaced on their areas, most of the occupants of their areas are Christians or Bisaya. Actually we addressed that with our programs, we provide them information drive, inculcating to them the environmental threats as an effect of deforestation or we provide them work, we have numerous IP’s employed and they are the priority. Do you have formulated ELE? Actually daghamn man ta ug laws, ang amo unta ato, amg plano namo sa mutisectoral forest committee is amo lang to pillion ang laws nga applicable sa Mt. Apo. Tapos nag=start nami with B+WISER, e-tap nato ang LGU’s, DENR, PNP, press. Unya nagpa-seminar name with kationg ilang abogado, so na palong lagi 456 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES didto kay after ato wala nay follow up, tapos nakita nako, diba as menti9ned nako lisod nga kami direct padulong sa DENR, padulong sa mga agencies, lahi kung silay mag-facilitate, kay dili mawala sa huna-huna nga naa mi own interest, bisan how good your intention is naa gyud grupo nga hugaw-hugawon nila ang. Actually we have plenty of laws. Our plans in Multi-sectoral forest committee are to choose laws applicable to Mt. Apo. Then we have started it with B+WISER, we will tap LGU’s, DENR, PNP, Press. We already conducted seminar together with their legal consultants but there was no follow-ups after that from B+WISER. As I mentioned, It is really difficult for us to go directly towards DENR and other agencies. It differs when they are the one facilitating because it is un avoidable that they may think we have our own interest no matter how good your intention is. 457 9. POSu5 (PASU) DENR – REGION 11 Name: Eduardo Ragasa Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Company (or Office): POSu5 (PASU), DENR Regiona 11 Agency / Office: DENR Region – 11 Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Province: Davao del Sur Municipality: Davao City Others: Contact Number: 09152163147 Date of Interview: November 24, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: 10:30 AM Time Ended:11:00 AM KII with PASu Eduardo Ragasa, 24 November 2015, B+WISER Field Office, Davao City 458 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your work in MKRNP/MANP forest area? 1a. What is your role/participation in the forest, watershed, and PA management? Actually the PASU is still the PENRO under the law yan ha because under the rule 11.7 of the NIPAS act if the protected area straddles to the regional office and the region who has the larger area of the jurisdiction, the PENRO will become automatically the concurrent PASU and the RED automatic become the chairman of the Board but because of my appointment as POSU 5, even before my appointment I already assist the concurrent PASU. I already coordinated the work particukarly the B+WISER activity, focus on Mt. Apo since July. Nitong January mag-full time PASU na talaga ako. Kasi yung POSU position yan, wala naman sa batas yung POSU. Position yan, an item created under EO366, yun nga sabi nila sa Mt. Apo na yan legislated, so be it. Yun nga nagwork ako as de facto PASU (laughed) which is the executive officer of the PAMB, youre incharged of the protected area in terms of protection, management, etc. pero I work na talaga since January. If I may ask ano yung previous assignment mo? Of course.Protected Areas and Wildlife Division Chief – OIC. During the 1st iteration of this project B+WISER kasama na ako doon, ako nga yung nag-present nang Mt. Apo. The most problematic protected area is Mt. apo because straddles to the Regional office, ang laki tapos magkaiba yung pananaw nang mga board members diyan, mga LGU’s. Malaki talaga ang problema niyan, walang tao.mga PAMB hindi ko maintindihan (laughed). Actually the PASU is still the PENRO under the law because under the rule of 11.7 of the NIPAS Act, if the PA straddles to the regional Office and the Region who has the larger area of the jurisdiction, the PENRO will become automatically the concurrent PASU and the RED automatically become the chairman of the Board but because of my appointment as POSU 5, even before my appointment I already assist the concurrent PASu. I already coordinated the work particularly with the B+WISER activity which was focus on Mt. Apo since July. This coming January 2016, I will be full time as PASu because the POSu position was not in the law. It is a position created under EO 366, they say Mt. Apo is legislated, and so be it. (1a.)I worked as de facto PASu (laughed) which is the executive officer of the PAMB, you’re in charge of the PA in terms of protection, management, etc. If I may ask what is your previous assignment? Protected Area and Wildlife Division Chief-OIC. I am already involved during the 1st iteration of this project B+WISER, I was the one who present Mt. Apo. The most problematic protected area is Mt. Apo because it straddles to the Regional office, the area is so vast then the board members has different views, LGU’s. Mt. Apo has a huge problem; there are no staffs for the Mt. Apo. The PAMB members, I don’t understand them (laughed). 459 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 2. What is the present status of B+WISER project in the area? 2a. what is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? 2b. What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your work? Please explain. May dala ba kayo nang deliverables nang B+WISER? Hindi ko rin nakita yung mga deliverables nila kasi under the medium term plan of the Mt. Apo general management plan, hindi ko lang masabi basta anim yung goal, bawat 1-6 goal may mga work plan hindi ko lang masaulo.tapos yung B+WISER meron din silang mga deliverables, hindi ko nga Makita kasi during our 1st iteration meeting, ngakaroon tayo nang presentation of activity, matagal nay un 2012 pa Yun. So hindi kayo appraises sa development sa progress nang B+WISER project? Siyempre sa lahat nang activity nila, unang una nag-conduct sila nang METT tapos nagkaoon din nun nang series of workshop, of course yung B+WISER naman is on of the instrumental of the approval of the general management plan of MANP. Kasi bihira magkaroon nang meeting wala pa itong project, isipin mo naman na sobra 70 yung board members and then yung budget nang opisina katiting lang and then e￾consider mo yung board memner na baramgay captain. Member of the IP’s, voluntary naman yung PAMB diba, more often than that hindi sila makaatend and hindi magkaroon nang quorum. Iba dito sa Mt. Apo walang continuity nang PASU, walang continuity of programs and projects and very minimal budget allotted for the PA, yan ang pinaka problema diyan,. Tapos paano kayo magkaroon nang meeting wala ngang quorum pero yung IPAF naman sana kung earilier lang sana yuing guideline RA10629 siguro yung atumatic na 25% na retention siguro nagamit naming yun pero nagkamali pa, nung may collection sana na 3 million nagkamali pa ang pag-deposit, hindi dun sa account nang Mt. Apo, nandoon sa general fund although during our orientation last june pwed pa yung ma recover provided you can present to the Beaureu of treasury yung certificate of deposit, ang tagal na nun. May mga colletion pa kami ngayon kasi we have park users na nagbbayad katulad nang EDC and then HEDCOR, yun lang naman yung religious na nagbabayad. Yan sana ang tatrabahohin naming ngayon lkaya lang may problema kami sa resource management kasi yung chairperson naming sa resource committee masiyadong hindi ko maintindihan dahil may mga existing banana plantation diyan ngayon na nag-exist na yanmatagal na, sinabi ko sa report we are making our presentation to legitimized that banana plantation there so that we can collect an IPAF, sabi niya “bakit may permit na bay an?”, karamihan sa grower niyan mga grower niyan mga IP, sana yan ang tutukan nang B+WISER, isa yan sa dapat kasi, nagtatanong na rin lang kayo s activity nang B+WISER. Actually yung B+WISER nandoon na tayo sa METT, environmental law enforcement, may SMART LAWIN na tayo, nag-identify na tayo for restoration pero hindi pa na implement. They are on coordinating with the NCURB who incorporate the management zoning as part of the CLUP pero wala pa yun. Yung ELE lang, SMART LAWIN, yun lang muna tapos yung ecotourism, doon naka-focus ang ngayon. Tapos yung ecotourism kasi that’s only part of the resource management activity because of the product of our ecotourism is the mountain trekking, nandoon na tayo with the help of the B+WISER, we were able to have the unified common trekking policy for the six LGU’ss except Davao City because close yung trail niya pero before meron nap o silang kanya-kanyang ordinance. Bawat LGU may mga trekking ordinance 460 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES sila kasi yun nga ang pinaka-product nang Mt. Apo in terms on ecotourism, yung mountain trekking. So with the creation of revival of the ecotourim committee, although anlaki din yung tulong nang B+WISER kasi nag-assist sila na magkaroon nang unified trekking policy na, that’s was already approved by the PAMB embank last February 26 of this year. And then again meron na naman inano na camp management polcy for the approval of the PAMB embank because when you trek Mt. Apo you cannot directly reach the peak, you have to stop over at a camp, meron din naman silang designated camp and within the camp nagkaroon din sila MANP-PAMB Ecotourism committee nagkaroon din sila nang camp management policy which is na consult na naming yan sa mga stakeholders including PNPA in the enforcement of the policy, subject to approval nalang yan nang board, pero ang poinaka-problema naming ngayon, yung mga nakatira diyan, yung mga users of the park kasi those are potential source of IPAF, yun sana ang gusto kung pagtuonan nang B+WISER Anong pwedeng gawin ang B+WISER doon? Basta tulungan nila kami na maayos yungusers diyan, mabigyan sila nang SAPA o MOA with the assistance of the B+WISER, yan ang gusto kung magyari so that maka-kolekta tayo nang IPAF because during our workshop last week doon sa 1st Mindana PAMB conference, isa yan sa napag-usapan yung mga issues and then ultimately yung sustainable financing, ang problema hindi maganda yung relation nila ni Benjie(B+WISER Manager) doon sa chairman nang resource committee na si Ms. Alma De lapaz nang NGO (KAPWA Upliftment Foundation). Sana kung mayos ni Benjie yung relation nila ang relation ang dalawang NGO nay an, chairperson pa naman yan sa resource committee, yun ang pinka-ultimate na dapat ayosin kasi yung ecotourism naman kasi that is part of the resource. Kapag naayos natin yan resource committee. Did you bring with you the deliverables of B+WISER? I wasn’t able to see their deliverables because under the medium term plan of Mt. Apo general management plan, there was 6 goals, in every goals has work plan, but I wasn’t able to memorized it. Then the B+WISER has their own deliverables, I haven’t seen it because during the 1 st iteration meeting, presentation of activity was being done, that was 2012. So, you can’t appraise the development on the progress of the B+WISER project? They conducted first the METT then there are series of workshops happened. Of course the B+WISER is on the instrument of the approval of the general management plan of MANP. Before this project come in, meetings were seldom being done, come to think of it there are 70 board members and then the budget of the office is only limited then you have to consider the members that are Brgy. Captains, IPs. Since PAMB is only voluntary more often than not, they won’t be able to attend and there were no quorum happened. (2a.) There is no continuity of PASu here in Mt. Apo, there is no continuity of programs and projects and the budget allocated for the PA is only minimal, that’s the greatest problem. Then how can you conduct meeting when there is no quorum happens but if only the IPAF guidelines (RA 10629) been earlier, I think the 25% retention can 461 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES be used automatically. There was a 3 million collection but it was mistakenly deposited on the general fund not on the Mt. Apo Account. During our orientation last June, the fund can be recovered provided you can present the certificate of deposit to the Bureau of Treasury. But we have new collection right now from the park users (HEDCOR, EDC), they are one religiously paying their obligations. That is what we want to work on right now but we have problem on the resource management, our chairperson in resource committee is inscrutable because there was an existing banana plantation and it was there long before. I said on my report “we are making our presentation to legitimize that banana plantation so that we can collect and it is potential for an IPAF, she said “why? Do they have already permits?” Most of the growers are IP’s. That should be the focus of the B+WISER since you’re asking now on their activities (2b.)Actually the B+WISER is already on METT, environmental law enforcement, there is SMART LAWIN, restoration been identified but not yet implemented. They were coordinating with the NCURB who incorporate the management zoning as part of the CLUP but it was not yet started. It is only ELE and SMART LAWIN has been started by the ecotourism, which their focus as of now. Ecotourism is only part of the resource management activity because of the product of ecotourism is the mountain trekking and that was pursue with the help of B+WISER. We are able to have a unified common trekking policy for the 6 LGU’s except Davao City because their trail is closed but since before there are ordinances have been already passed. Every LGU has a trekking ordinance. B+WISER assist on the creation of revival of the ecotourism committee. There is a new policy right now which is camp management policy and it is for approval of the PAMB en banc because when you trek to Mt. Apo, you cannot directly reach the peak, you have to stop over at a camp. They have designated camp and within the camp they have MANP-PAMB Ecotourism committee, then they have camp management policy which stakeholders were already consulted including PNPA for the enforcement of the policy and it is subject for approval of the board. The problem that we have now are those living in the area, those park users are potential source of IPAF, that’s what I want B+WISER to focus on. What do you think the B+WISER can do about it? A help from them to settle those users. SAPA or MOA must be provided to them with the assistance of the B+WISER. That’s what I want to happen so that we could collect IPAF because during our workshop last week in 1 st Mindanao-PAMB conference, issues were tackle and that is one of it and then ultimately is the sustainable financing. The problem was the relationship between Benjie (B + WISER Manager) and our chairman of the resource committee Ms. Alama De Lapaz-NGO (KAPWA Upliftment Foundation) is not good. I am hoping Benjie can fix their relationship with the chairman of the resource committee. That’s the ultimate thing that needs to be fix because ecotourism is part of the resource committee. 462 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 3. What are ELE being implemented in MKRNP/MANP? 3a. What do you think is the status of implementation of ELE? Please explain. 3b. Are they following an enforcement plan? Please tell us of this enforcement plan? 3c. Who formulated the enforcement plan? 3d. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement plan? 3e. What is role/function in assisting in the planning and implementation of ELE? Unified trekking policy, if you trek to Mt. Apo, you will pay 1,500, if you will exit on the another trail you will pay again another 1,500 plus yung porter mo babayaran mo yan at 1,000 per day. Pagdating doon sa Kidapawan nag-exit sila nagre-reklamo sila kasi magbabayad sila, tapos pina-bloter sila. PAMB, Stakeholders, LGU, B+WISER PAMB, Stakeholders, LGU, B+WISER Yung DENR kasi mag-implement lang yan nang programs and projects which is lodge by DENR because we are the primary agency incharge for sustainable development of natural resources and ecosystem but we cannot do it alone, we have the major stakeholders which is the LGU. Isa pa yan na nakaano nang Mt. apo no dahil maraming tao( stakeholders) because of the changing policies of the government. Sasabihin ko lahat sa inyo ang history para you will be enlightened why Mt. Apo nagging ganun. That was formally declared as Natural park in May 9, 1936 under proclamation #59 by Manuel Quezon and on May 5, 1957 na amend yung PP59 under PP143 releasing 3,9946 for agricultural purposes tapos meron din tayong PP 424 dated July 28, 1965 na amend na naman yung PP 59 pati yung proclamation nang natural park releasing 140.41 hectares for agricultural development again. Meron din tayon PP 507 date December 16, 1965 which set aside area for permanent forest and was revoke under PP 35 dated May 8, 1966, during this time kasi part of the ntural park was set aside ang area for permanent forest that was the time na nagkaroon tayo nang logging, kasi hindi naman yan protected area natural park, siguro pagkaubos nang kahoy kasi alam niyo naman yung administration natin, siyempre may mga individual na nabuigyan nang privileged, nag-logging sila, nung maubos na siguro yung kahoy binalik ulit sa category na natural park, totoo naman ito on record itoisa yan sa medyo sabihin natin na policy changes, may isang major policy changes on June 19, 1971 RA 6210 was inactive it to law creating the barangay Kapatagan as a regular barangay within the center of the PA which is the multiple use zone and part of it as a protected zone, isa yan sa problema ngayon diyan, siyempre ang LGU diyan nag-invoke din sila “legislated kayo Mt. Apo, legislated din kami”, nauna nga kami 1971 legislated na kami under RA 6210”, isa yan sa mga conflicting issue diyan sa Mt. Apo, tapos yung Kapatagan naman is covered by cadt issued to the Bagobo-Tagabawa on October 22, 2005 which covers almost 40,000 hectares, national park compared with the certificate of ancestral domain title, more than half of the area of Mt. Apo, apat yung cadt diyan, tatlo sa Kidapwan, isa dito yung Bagobo-Tagabawa tribe. So nakita ninyo yung policy changes na nagkaroon ang Mt. Apo, so hindi nila masisi na ang DENR ang may kasalanan niyan, ulitimo nga doti sa Davao City magkar0on nang baha, DENR, illegal logging. On march 1983, PP 2282 was issued by the president declaring 44,771.75hectares as alienable or disposable(A&D) land for the KKK project of the ministry of human settlement, kay Imelda Marcos nag-administer niyan, isipin mo 44,771 hectares declare as A&D samantalang yung area nang park mga 70 plus lang, more than 50% declared as A&D, meaning to 463 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES say that is subject for disposition for titling, sa Mt. Apo maraming titled property diyan because of this PP 2282 but in 1996 that was reverted back to the category of Natural park, Aquina Adminitration yan. Anong effect nang batas? Yun na nga magulo na, marami nang tao doon sa taas. Tapos yun nga 1992, yung 701 hectares na PNOC dati for geothermal reservation, EDC na ngayon. So okay lang yan EDC kasi under sa corporate social responsibility very passionate sila sa restoration nang forest covered because kapag hindi nila e-restore baka mawala na sila nang source, wla na sila makukunan, katulad din yan sa Hydroelectric, kapag hindi sila nag-restore nang forest, tuyo na ang tubig sa ilog, bilib din ako sa HEDCOR, hindi lang nagiging bias ako, nakikita ko lang yung ginagawa nila. So ganun yun, until finally on February 3, 2004, RA 9237, in active yung tatlo, nagging Mt. Apo act nay un, Mt. Apo as a PA under RA9237. So maraming policy ang nauna, ngayon marami nang tao tapos sabihin nila walang gingawa yung DENR. Paano niyo ina-address yan? Wala pa kaya nga yung ano sana diyan e manage and place nalng sana yan dapat tulungan tayo nang B+WISER before the project ends on 2017. Yung B+WISER technical assistance man yan, USAID, mismo ako nagkaroon nang engagement sa USAID, ano lang yan capacity building lang yan pero yun nga kaya nga tayo nagkaroon nang unified trekking policy, train natin yung mga katutubo diyan into law enforcers kaya nga gusto ko for the remaining years na magtatapos yung B+WISER, isa yan sa mga recommendation ko na tutkan yung resource management of which yan ang bread and butter nang PA because that will be our source of integrated protected are fund. Kasi the previous tyears nakatutuk lang tayo sa, padaplis￾daplis lang tayo Unified trekking policy. If you trek to Mt. Apo, you will pay 1,500 and if you exit on another trail you will pay again 1,500 plus the porter’s pay at 1,000 per day. When they reach the exit (Kidapawan), they complaints about the exit payment, blotter takes place when they refuse to pay. (3e.) DENR only implement programs and projects which is lodge by the DENR because we are the primary agency in charge for sustainable development of natural resources and ecosystem but we cannot do it alone, we have the major stakeholders which are the LGUs. The huge problems that Mt. Apo is facing are the huge number of stakeholders and the changing policies of the government. I will tell you the history so that you will be enlightened why Mt. Apo acquires those problems. Mt. Apo was formally declared as Natural Park in May 9, 1936 under proclamation #59 by Manuel Quezon and on May 5, 1957 PP59 was amend under PP143 releasing 3,9946 for agricultural purposes then we have PP 424 dated July 28, 1965 PP 59 was amend including the proclamation of natural park releasing 140.41 hectares for agricultural development again. We have PP 507 dated December 16, 1965 which set aside the area for permanent forest and was revoke under PP 35 dated May 8, 1966, that was the time illegal logging was rampant 464 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES because the natural park was not PA anymore, the moment the forest were already deforested it was reverted to a category of natural park, this is true and it is on record. on June 19, 1971 RA 6210 was in active it to law creating the barangay Kapatagan as a regular barangay within the center of the PA which is the multiple use zone and part of it as a protected zone, that is one of the problem now, the LGU also invoke “Mt. Apo is legislated, we are also legislated”, we preceded since 1971 we are already legislated under RA 6210”, that is one of the conflicting issues on Mt. Apo, then the Kapatagan is covered by cadt issued to the Bagobo-Tagabanwa on October 22, 2005 which covers almost 40,000 hectares, national park compared with the certificate of ancestral domain title, which is more than half of the area of Mt. Apo. There are 4 cadt on the area, 3 in Kidapwan, one in here the Bagobo￾Tagabanwa tribe. So did you noticed the policy changes that Mt. Apo have, so they cannot blame the DENR, even the presence of floods in Davao City, they’re blaming DENR, illegal logging. On march 1983, PP 2282 was issued by the president declaring 44,771.75 hectares as alienable or disposable (A&D) land for the KKK project of the ministry of human settlement, it was Imelda Marcos administer it, come to think of it 44,771 hectares declare as A&D , the park area is only about 70 plus, more than 50% declared as A&D, meaning to say that is subject for disposition for titling. In Mt. Apo there are plenty of titled properties because of this PP 2282 but in 1996 that was reverted back to the category of Natural park, in Aquino Administration. What are the effects of the law? It gets complicated; there are voluminous settlers on the PA. Then the 1992, the 701 hectares of PNOC, a geothermal reservation before, it is now EDC. But it is okay because under corporate social responsibility they are very passionate in restoration of the forest cover in order to protect their resources, just the same with the HEDCOR. I am not bias, I have just seen what they are doing. Until finally on February 3, 2004, RA 9237, in active, Mt. Apo as a PA under RA9237. So there are plenty of policies preceded, settlers in the area were increased now, then they blame DENR for that. 4. What support/assistance did you provide in capacity building/training of POs, women, CBOs, Bantay Gubat, IPs, and others did you provide/get involve with relative to forest, watershed, PA management of MKRNP/MANP? 4a. What are these trainings? 4b. Who are the participants? Yung sa mga training kasi ngayon latulad nuing mga ELE, yun sa SMART LAWIN, assisted by USAID. For sharing together sa mgatao naming (staff), assist din kami sa technical support. Wala naman kaming disagreement diyan sa B+WISER, hindi naman kaming nkikinabang diyan, wala kaming nakukuha yun TEV’s naming wala pero atleast meron din nag-a-assist sa amin in terms of protected area management sa Mt. Apo kaya lang yung sinasabi ko na pagtuonan nang pansin nung project yung resource management, hindi lang yung ecotourism at saka monitoring, law enforcement, wala yun. Yung resource chairperson, isa siya sa, Hindi kami maka-move on dahil sa kanya, dahil binabara niya yung, halimbawa katilad nang banana plantation ang plano naming e-legitimized yan, nag-coordinate na ako sa kapitan, sa chairman nang Kapiit￾Tagbanwa because most of the areas are covered by GADP, “ sabi niya bakit bigyan natin nang permit yan, illegal yan, hindi yan in accordance with the comprehensive use plan of Digos City and it is not in accordance with the genral management plan. Anong ibig niyang sabihin, ipa-bulldoze natin yan, mga multi￾nationals yung may-ari niyan. 465 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Trainings like ELE and SMART LAWIN and it is assisted by the USAID. We assist on technical support also. We don’t have any disagreement by the B+WISER, we are not benefiting from it, we don’t gain anything even for our TEV’s but at least they are assisting us in terms of protected area management of Mt. Apo. The project should also focus on the resource management, not only ecotourism, monitoring and law enforcement. The chairperson of the resource committee blocks any activity or programs like for example the banana plantation, we planned to legitimize it, I already coordinated the Brgy. Captain, chairman of the Kapiit-Tagbanwa but the Chair of the resource said “it is illegal, it is not in accordance with the CLUP of Digos city and it is not in accordance with the general management plan, then why released permit”. What she wants us to do, drive them out using bulldozer, one thing the owner of the plantation are multi-nationals. 5. Do you have a program in forest restoration? Please explain. 5a. Did you support the community or any POs, groups in their forest restoration activities? 5b. What is the nature of your support? Meron kasama sa NGP pero maliit lang yung target siguro at the end of 2016, we only have 1,900 area planted because.. noong 2011 we had a target of 1,000 hectares, 2012 wala, 2013-2016 tag-1200 plus, 2000 hectares yan. So other than that may supplemental budget na may intervention yung DENR na konti￾konti, may 66 hectares,20 hectares, yung funds downloaded from supplemental budget from Sen. Cayetano. Although yung mga private corporation diyan meron din silan intervention in terms reforestiong or restoring the forest cover, for example the EDC of which yung 701 hectares nan a-excise sa PA for the Geothermal reservation awarded to the PNOC before, they were able to reforest as of this date 1149 hectares, lumampas sila more than double and then the Hydroelectric Development Corporation (HEDCOR) at Sibulan meron din sila 1,000 hectares for restoration. Meron din silang watershed plan, they have also a project on biodiversity assessment and ngayon siguro magkaroon na sila nang wildlife assessment asart of their corporate social responsibility because they are not only on power generation but they also incorporate in their corporate plan yung corporate responsibility to manage and develop their area which is in the MANP, biodiversity conservation and wildlife assessment and forest restoration. There is which was included in NGP but the target was only limited. At the end of 2016, We only have 1,900 hectares area planted. Last 2011, we had a target of 1,000 hectares, no activity on 2012 and in 2013-2016 we have planted more than 1,200 hectares each year. Other than that there is a supplemental budget on DENR’s intervention, on 66 hectares, 20 hectares. The funds from the supplemental budget were downloaded from Sen. Cayetano. The private corporations has also interventions in terms on reforestation or restoring the forest cover, one of the example is EDC which has an area of 701 hectares, they were able to reforest as of this date 1,149 hectares, they exceed more than double. And then the HEDCOR at Sibulan, they have 1,000 hectares for restoration. They also have watershed plan, they also have project on biodiversity assessment and as of now I think they will have wildlife assessment as part of their corporate social responsibility because they are not only on power generation but they also incorporate in their corporate plan the corporate responsibility to manage and develop their area which is in the MANP, biodiversity conservation and wildlife assessment and forest restoration. 466 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES c. Did you have a hand in introducing livelihoods activities in support of forest restoration activities in the area? 5d. What are these livelihood activities? 5e. Who are the participants of these activities? 6. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Please explain 6a. Are they effective? In what way? 6b. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems? 6c. What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? 7. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as PASu/PAMB officials/leaders or officers of your office relative to forest and watershed and PA management in MKRNP/MANP? Yung isang problema, wala kaming mobility kasi walang pundo na insakto, wala kaming transpo. Yung sasakyan nila doon multicab lang. [(B+WISER) Masaya nga kami na nandito sila, who assist us in the management of the MANP because of our continuing effort to the improvement of the park nandito yan sila kasi malaking bagay di yan magkaroon tayo nang trainingyung capacity building nang stakeholders, masiya na kami niyan. Lack of mobility is one of the problems due to limited fund. They only have multi-cab available. We are happy on the presence of B+WISER, they assist us in the management of the MANP and they are with us on our continuing effort to the improvement of the park. Trainings, capacity building of the stakeholders has a big contribution and we are happy of that. 8. What are lessons learned in performing your tasks as PASu/PAMB that you can share for the improvement of works related to forest, watershed and PA management? 467 10. PHILIPPINE EAGLE FOUNDATION Name: Joshua Donato Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in teh Company (or Office): Philippine Eagle Foundation Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Others: Contact Number: 09051651117 Date of Interview: November 25, 2015 Place of Interview: Carmen Time Started: 10:30 AM Time Ended:11: 00 AM KII with Mr. Joshua Donato, Field Biologist / Forest Protection Officer, Research and Conservation Department, Philippine Eagle Foundation. 25 November 2015, Malagos, Baguio District, Davao City 468 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONDENTS 1. What is the present status of your forest area? Ang MANP natural habitat gyud na siya sa Philippine eagle. So, whenever there is a Philipoine Eagle amo to siyang protektahan, so ang approach namo karon human in nature approach which is e-organized namo tong mga forest guards within the nesting territoties, so isa ang Carmen, kaning mga forest gurads sire sa Carmen amoang na-organized, more or less 400 forest guards na. actually ang MANP wala name nagkuha ug mga forest guards didto kay protected naman siya, ang amoang focus karon is around Mt. Apo katon mga unprotected part which is Carmen, kanang wala nan a siya PA, outside na siya sa PA kanang boundary. Ang amongnginhimo naga-biodiversity survey, naa pod mi release nga Philippine Eagle. Ang among is aka advocacy sa Philippine Eagle, mag-breed mi ug eagle sa Philippinr eagle center, mao to giingon nako ganina, e-release namo back to the wild kay daghan man mga surplus eagle, kung makakita sila ug paris possible nga mo daghan, focus gyud namo Philippine Eagle. The MANP is the natural habitat of the Philippine Eagle. So whenever there is a Philippine Eagle, we protect it. Our approach as of now is human in nature approach which we organized forest guards within the nesting territories and one of it is the Barangay Carmen. We organized the forest guards here in Carmen, they are more or less 400 forest guards. Actually we haven’t organized forest guards coming from the MANP since it is already protected. Our focus right now is around Mt. Apo, those unprotected part which is Barangay Carmen, it is outside PA and it is on the boundary. We did biodiversity survey; we do have releases also of Philippine Eagle. Breeding in the Philippine Eagle Center is our advocacy. That’s what I have mentioned earlier, we release them back to the wild since there are numerous surplus Eagle there and in order for them to multiply when they find their partners in the area. 2. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? Through forest guarding, nababantayan naming yung MANP May mga organized at may mga ino-organized pa, ongoing pa yung ibang area through PEF. Actually ito lang community (Brgy. Carmen) ang involved sa B+WISER kasi isa pa lang yung nabigbigyan nang tab. Yung plano nila sir Ronet, nila Sir felix every area na may forest guard magbibigay sila nang tab para sa monitoring. Ang plano naming every area kung saan nag-oorganized nang forest guard gagamit na kami nang tablet which is e-ta-tap na naming ang B+WISER kasi sila naman talaga ang may resources at saka may mga expertise. Through forest guarding, we protect and monitor the MANP. There are organized and there are to be organized forest guards. On other areas it is still ongoing through PEF. Actually, this is the only community (Brgy. Carmen) involved on the B+WISER because they are first community who received a tablet. Sir “Ronet” and Sir “Felix” plan to provide tablets in every area that has presence of organized forest guards for monitoring. We will tap the B+WISER for it since they have the resources and expertise. 469 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONDENTS 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management program] Dito sa Carmen, ang forest guarding ay very effective halimbawa dati maraming encroachment, land grabbers, mga illegal na pumasok diyan non-IP’s. sa IPRA law bawal talaga silang pumasok, andiyan na siya hindi na sila pwede mag-extend/expand nang kanilang area, ang nagyari nag-expand sila. Deputized kayo? Dalawa lang yung na deputized, actually nagka-problema kami kasi nang nag-deputation training, may exam kasi yung deputation training nila, so English, yung nakaka-intindi lang yung dalawa(smiled) yun nga fina￾fight naming ngayon, kailangan kung pwede bisaya o tagalog kasi para maintindihan nila o kaya kayong mag￾lectrure. Wala kaming magawa kasi sila yung authorized. kasi an gamin naman hindi kailangan mag-exam, yung commitment and passion lang talaga nang forest guard. Forest guarding here in Brgy. Carmen is very effective. For example, there is increased in encroachment, land grabbers, illegal activities in the area before and the perpetrators are non-IP. so, based on the IPRA law it is prohibited to encroach the area but since they already exist, they are not allowed to expand on their area but still expansion being done. Are they deputized? There are only two forest guards that were deputized. Actually we encountered problem on the deputation training, the exam on their training was written on English, two of them only understands (smiled). That’s what we are fighting right now, if it could be possible that the exam will be written in Bisayan or Tagalog or the lecturers use Bisayan or Tagalog language. Exam is not important, what’s important is the commitment and passion of the forest guards 3. Have you heard of B+WISER project? For Yes, ask: 3a. What do you know of B+WISER project? 3b.What is your participation/involvement in B+WISER Project? Oo Actually aside from the monitoring, ito tablet(showed the tablet) ibinigay nila sa amin. So aside from the reporting, may mga constant communication naman kami with the staff kasi nagtatanong sila kung kumusta na yung monitoring naming, so sinabi naming yung mga situation then nag-organized kami nang mga Forest guards hindi lang dito sa MANP, nag-organized din kami sa Mt. Kamigitan range, sa Bukidnon then Zamboanga, ini-involved naming na gumamit na kami nang ganitong monitoring kasi effective so far itong SMART LAWIN na monitoring ( the informant showed the tablet). Ayon, aside from reporting nagtatanong sila kung kumusta na yung gingawa nang mga forest guards. Reports naming, pio-provide naming yung data na kailangan nila then binigyan nila kami nang results, sila yung data manager naming na tinatawag. At least sa B+WISER na data, ang nakaganda kasi sa B+WISER may proof na kami, may picture na kasi, may mapa, provided na nila, at least ginawa na naming siya as evidence kaya pumayag kami makigoartner sa kanila kasi kumpleto talaga yung resources. Nandoon na lahat sa tablet, pictures, mapa, coordinates kung saan yung threat, time and on the spot yung mga monitoring. Yun ang maganda sa nagaw naming 470 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONDENTS 3c. What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. 3d. what is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? partnership with B+WISER kai may proof of evidence na kami. Halimbawa yun si kapitan, nagputol siya nang dalawang kahoy, 200 na widelings(native) yung tinanim niya. Yung land grabber naman, pina-alis. Yes (3a.)Actually aside from the monitoring, they provide us tablet (showed the tablet). So aside from reporting, we have constant communication with the staff because they are asking about our monitoring. We provide them information on every situation. Then we organized forest guards not only on the MANP but also in Mt. Kamigitan range, Bukidnon then Zamboanga. We want to adapt this type of monitoring because this SMART LAWIN is effective so far (showed the tablet). Aside from reporting, they made follow-ups about the forest guards we organized. On the reports, we provide them the data they need then they provide us also the results. They are our data manager as so called. (3c.)At least with B+WISER data, we can provide proof, pictures; at least it can be used as evidence, that’s why we are willing to be of partner with them because of their resources. The tablet can provide pictures, maps, coordinates on detected threats, time and on the spot monitoring. Like for example, the Brgy. Captain is caught on illegal cutting of 2 trees, as a penalty, he has to plant 200 wildlings (native). Those land grabbers were drive out. 4. What training/capacity building attended by you and other members/populace relative to NRM and environmental and forest, watershed PA management? 4a. What did you learn from this training? 4b. Who sponsored/supported the training? Yun sa paggamit nito(tablet), ito pa lang yung training about sa SMART LAWIN monitoring system Kasi every area naming may mga funding support naman kami sa mga, kahilmbawa ito, neurogeneric international. Pero may mga trainings kasi na yung mga agencies na yan ang kailangan lang naming, halimbawa sa deputation training ang tina-tap talaga naming is yung DENR kasi sila yung may authority na mag-deputized nang forest guards, then NCIP, kapag maggawa nang ploicies regarding sa kanilang mga traditional policies, tina-tap din naming yung NCIP. Sa lahat nang projects naming na may mga forest guards ang partner talaga naming DENR at saka NCIP and then may mga funding agencies na at mnay mga BLGU kasi hindi tayo pwedeng papasok doon na hindi hihingi nang permiso sa barangay, protocol kasi naming yan, isasali talaga sila. How to navigate this (tablet), this is the only training we have about the SMART LAWIN system. (4b.)In our every areas, there are funding support like for example this Neurogeneric International but there are specific trainings that we need specific agencies only like deputation training which we taped the DENR since they have the authority to deputized the forest guards. Then the NCIP, we will tap them on policy making with regards to their traditional policies. All our projects that involved forest guarding, our partner agencies are DENR, NCIP and there are funding agencies and also the BLGU, consent must be procure in the barangay to allow entry and that’s our protocol. 5. What is the main economic activity of member/populace? IPs IPs 471 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONDENTS 6. Do you have an enforcement plan? 6a. Who formulated the enforcement plan? 6b. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement pla 6c. What is the composition of your enforcers or bantay gubat? How many men? How many women? How many IPs? 6d, Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your enforcers? How? And who provide and where these resource coming from? 6e. What were the effects of increased enforcement efforts on extent of compliance by resource users? Was there a reduction in number of threats and violations? Through forest guarding, nababantayan naming yung MANP Ang target naming yung sinasabi ko mga unprotected area nang MANP. More or less mga 10 barangays pa ang ini-organized, ang organized sa ngayon ay apat pa lang, yung maypatrolling na talaga na gingawa. Ito (Carmen) yung pilot community through forest guard, kaya sila yung nauna sa SMART LAWIN monitoring kasi alam na nila yung mga basic sa monitoring. Merong mga babae, yung mga asawa nila, sa kada akyat, 10 yung forest guards na nagpapatrol kasama yung mga asawa nila, kasama na din ako doon. Meron kaming binibigay na 300.00 per person per patrolling. Ngayon kapag nadoon na yung monitoring wala na, dito nalang sa nabili nila, hindi na sila pumasok sa pagmamay-ari nila Datu na ancestral area. Yun ang mga success story naming. Then merong mga land grabbers, nag-farm lang diyan na walang area, kinasuhan talaga nila. Isa kasi sa project name e-apprehend yung mga illegal na activities dito, yun nababawasan na. (6.) Through forest guarding, we protect and monitor the MANP. (6a.)Unprotected areas of MANP are our target areas. More or less there are still 10 barangays to be organized and there are 4 that’s been organized and has patrolling. Brgy. Carmen was the pilot community through forest guard that’s why they are the first to have the SMART LAWIN monitoring since they knew already the basic when it comes to monitoring. (6c.)There are women which are their wives. There are 10 forest guards who go on patrolling together with their wives (tribal policy) and I go with them. (6d.)We provide them 300.00 each per forest guard in every patrolling. (6e.)There is a decrease of encroachment and illegal activities in the ancestral domain area and that’s our success story. Then those land grabbers who are farming without their own area, case was filed against them. One of our projects is really to apprehend those doing illegal activities. 7. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as officials/leaders or officers of your office/institutions or of your municipality or barangay, and communities relative to forest and watershed and PA management in your area? On the aspect of Peace in order (laughed). Actually dapat karon mag-monitoring unta mi, ang nahitabo naay giyera sa taas, so postponed namo ang monitoring. Nangita mi another area kay monthly man gud naa mi budget for forest guard environmental services. Monotring is maoy backbone sa among project gyudpara ma protektahan ang ilang ancestral domain pero kapag naay mga insurgencies nga mga ingon-ana, baba gyud mi, priority namo ang safety. Then problem in organization, naay mga barangay nga maglisod mi ug penetrate kay pagmakadingo man gud sila ug Philippine Eagle bbot pasabot dakpon na sila kay illegal, mga ingon ana ilng perception then naa pod uban dili na pod gyud sila mandawat ug NGO kay murag 472 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONDENTS daghan na kayo sila nga ningpsok pero walay epekto sa ilang community. So murag isa na sila sa mga challenge namo. Kani nga community ang problem namo dati ang leadership sa tribe kay dili man gud ka direst muadto kay Datu kay naa pa taas sa ilaha kay Obvu_Manobo ancestral domain man gud ni sila, so naa silay tribal council, muadto paka sa ilahang pinka-Datu hangtod nga muabot ka sa ilahang community, ingo-ana ang ilahang beaucracy system nila Problem pod is ang mga equipments sa mga forest guards kay ang project man gud namo maghatag ug mga equiptments once a year lang butas, uniform,raincoats, nangadaot na. So far with B+WISER kani pa lang na community nga naggamit mi ung ingon ani(tablet), hopefully, nagpresent man mi last time sa ilaha, katong foreigner nga babae, gusto niya katong dili organized nga forest guard ma involved ang B+WISER. Problems on forest guard sa training sa pag-use sa tablet? Literacy. Actually ang pinakataas dinhi sa ilaha is 2nd year highschool, so , maglisod gyud ko. Ang kuan lang gyud is patience, kabalo man sila pero ngkinahanglan gyud kung sa atoa pa spoon feeding kung magtudlo ka. Naay uban nga dali ra makakuha, naa pod uban nga lisod, uban pod guba na ang mga mata (smiled), usa gyud pod na sa problema. Yung iba natakot, halimbawa nung sinabi ko na mag-interview, yung iban nagsibatan, natakot interviewhin yung iba. On the aspect of peace and order (laughed). Actually, today is our scheduled patrolling but it was postponed due to insurgencies. We look for another area because we have monthly budget for forest guards’ environmental services. Monitoring is the backbone of our project that’s why we are really protecting the ancestral domain but whenever there are insurgencies, our priority is our safety. Then problem in an organization, there are Barangay’s that’s difficult to penetrate because they perceived that whenever Philippine Eagle penetrate the area they will be apprehended. And there are some won’t accept NGO’s anymore because there are plenty of NGO came in to their area but their presence has no effect on their community. That’s one of the challenge we faced. Tribal leadership is one of our problems before in this community (Carmen), you have to go through their high rank tribal officials since it is an Obvu-Manobo Ancestral Domain, they have their tribal council and that’s their Bureaucracy system is. Problems on forest guards’ equipment. Our project provides equipment only once a year (boots, raincoats, uniform) and by this time it is already damaged. Do you have problems on the forest guards training with regard to use of tablet? 473 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONDENTS Literacy. Actually the highest educational attainment they have is 2nd year high school, so I have problems on that. I need to have patience, they know but spoon feed teaching must be done. There are some easily understands but some are not and there are some have visual problems (smiled). Others were afraid of interviews, for example just what happened today, I told them they will be interviewed; now they’re nowhere to find. 9. What policies, laws, and ordinances for environmental and forest management as well as enforcement were passed in your municipalities and Barangays to prevent threats and illegal activities (e.g.cutting of trees) Sa forest guarding, every community nang forest guard sila yung gumagawa nang policies. Every area gumagawa kami nang community development plan, so ksali nan rin yung mga policies. Yung mga laws na gingamit naming, IPRA law kasi halos kasama naming na mga forest guards is mga IP’s, and then yung wildlife act 9147 then yung forestry code, yun ang ginagamit naming kkapag magtraining kami nang mga forest guard at saka MEPAS-A, isa rin yun sa mga ginagamit naming kapag magpresent kami sa mga ino￾organized naming na mga forester. Yung mga policies na ginagawa nila based yun sa mga traditional beliefs nila, then hinahaloin din nila nang konting science o govergovernment. Kami ang gingawa lang talaga naming kapag policies na ang pag-uusapan, nagfa-facilitate lang kmi, sila talaga mismo yung gumagawa. On forest guarding, every community of the forest guards, they are the one who formulate policies. We formulate community development plan every year and that includes the policies. We use the IPRA laws since most of the forest guards are IP’s and then the wildlife act 9147 then the forestry code, we use it when we conduct forest guards training and the NIPAS act, it use when we present our organized forester. Those policies they formulate are based on their traditional beliefs then it is combined with science or government laws. We only facilitate on the policy making, they are the one who formulate. 12. Do you know if B+Wiser collected or generated data on forest cover, GHG, and other data related forest, watershed, and PA management? 12a. What and where are these data now? Oo. Yung biodiversity survey last year. Yung SMART LAWIN na monitoring is last July 2015. Reports naming, pio-provide naming yung data na kailangan nila then binigyan nila kami nang results, sila yung data manager naming na tinatawag. Yes. The biodiversity survey last year and the SMART LAWIN monitoring implemented last July 2015. On the reports, we provide them the data they need then they provide us also the results. They are our data manager as so called. 474 11. LOCAL GOVERNMENT / INVESTMENT AND PROMOTIONS AND TOURISM Name: Juluis Paner Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Company (or Office): Senior Operations Officer Agency / Office: Local Government / Investment and Promotions and Tourism Province: Davao del Sur Municipality: Sta. Cruz Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Others: Contact Number: 272-0741 Date of Interview: December 1, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: 11:25 AM Time Ended:12: 00 NN Main Occupation or Economic Activity of Key Informant : Government Employee-LGU Interview with Julius R. Paner, Senior Tourism Operations Officer, LGU/ Investment and Promotions and Tourism, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur. 475 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your forest area? Based on my observation, actually naay mga closed canopy forest and at the same time naa pod mga open canopy na, of course in the moment threatened siya considering naga-encroach ang mga tao didto ug farming activities at the same time naa nay mga industrial projects within the Mt. Apo natural park, of course nga maka-cause of deforestation. Like unsa nga mga industrial projects sir? Lately naa diha ang mga aboitiz power (HEDCOR) pero naa pod silay effort for reforestation, actually part of the MOA between the LGU and the aboitiz nga they have to reforest. They are doing naman the reforestation, every year gina-invite mi nila and then part pod sa ilang corporate social responsibility is biodiversity conservation, naa sila biodiversity conservation center, if ever maka-recover sila mga endemic birds diha, ilaha ra pod, they really empower the community to really part of the biodiversity conservation.basically ang ilahang raw material is water man, so dili gyud nila pwede pasagdan. Naay banana plantation sa Digos na area. So far mao lang man. Based on my observation, actually there are closed canopy forests and at the same time there are open canopy. At the moment the forest area is threatened considering there are encroachments of the area and farming activities at the same time. There are industrial projects within the MANP that causes deforestation. Like what industrial project sir? There is AboitizPower (HEDCOR) but they have efforts on reforestation, actually part of the MOA between the LGU and the Aboitiz is to reforest. Every year they are doing reforestation and they invites us and then part of their corporate responsibility is the Biodiversity Conservation. They have Biodiversity Conservation Center if ever they recovered endemic specie, it will be on their custody. They really empower the community to really be part of the Biodiversity Conservation. And since their raw material is water, so they have to take care of it. There is also banana plantation in Digos area. 2. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? karon sa local environment ang amoang present structure, organizational structure naay MENRO office pero ang focus nila is more of collection of garbage, murag solid waste sila naka-acnhor. Mao bitaw na ang mga concerns sa MANP dire sa amoang office gina-anchor kay tourism, pero ang amoang tourism program, ang among banner program is actually Mt. Apo Mountaineering program. (2a.)Actually sa pagkakaron, naa mi sa process on updating sa among CLUP, so wala pa na siya nahoman but apil sa pag-craftt sa plano is to e-consider namo ang environment ug forestry kay mao man gud na MANP, ang vision pa lang gani namo daan, gusto mi mahimo ming center from conservation of MANP, giintegrate na namong ang plans adunay gyud considerations ang environment, forest to be exact, then pila ka years na part mi sa pagmugna sa forest land use plan, diha naka-angkla ang mga programs relative to environment. Naay portion sa amoang CLUP nga naa adto about environmental management. 476 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? Unsa man nga mga programs sir? Simple and plain programs like reforestation which is actually nka-integrate na pod sa ubanng mga plano pa but as of now wala pa nako maklaro kung unas ang mga programs nga gusto ibutang didto but one thing nga gusto nako nga e-ssure sa inyoha naa ang component sa environmental management sa CLUP. (2b.)Oo naay changes kay daghan ang mga stakeholders nga na involved na. kami sa tourism office naa mi initiative nga ginahimo every year, kanang fiesta sa kinaiyahan, didto namo gibobo tanan ang amoang effort which is for environmental conservation, environmental protection and rehabilitation. Mao gyud na ang program sa LGU when it comes to environmental advocacy, so nakataon ang torusim program ang lead implementer, so mao na nagachange mi every year, naay mga changes, in fact last year lang na siya na institutionalize ang fiesta sa kinaiyahan with the coming up of the legislative measures, may ordinance na of course with the corresponding budget. ang efforts nga gibutang nmo dinha katong mag-tree planting every year within the MANP ug sa mangrove area then at the same time adunay mi mga gina conduct nga mga clean up drive within the MANP labi na gyud sa amoang trail, then aduna mi series of advocacy campaign in fact gihimo namong strategy to conserve Mt. Apo katong amoang race every year nga Mt. Apo Boulder Face challenge, we envited a lot of racers, stakeholders, media practitioners to witnessed the event to be there to also visit Mt. Apo aron ma appreciate nila. Mao na nag-strategized mi ug event aron mas ma level up ang amoang advocacy to protect this mountain. Actually 8 years na gani ang amona boulder face challenge pero ang amoang fiesta sa kinaiyhan nag-start gyud na 2001. modesty aside ha, kami lang ang local government of Sta. Cruz nga aduna gyuy annual nga activity nga ingon ana. In fact gi-tapped namo last eyar ang B+WISER to also support the event, wala na sila naka-apil kay late na ang amoang information sa ilaha, hopefully next year makatabang sila, willing sila. Kinsa ang mga stakeholder sir ang involve ani? Local government kami man ang lead implementer, of course naay national agencies involved, DENR, DOT, NCIP ug community mismo and then ang private sector dako sila ug support, aboitiz power u gang San Miguel Brewery Inc., sila gyud na ang dako kayo ug cash assistance sa during sa fiesta sa Kinaiyahan,unya ang uban nga mag companies, ginagmay ang SEAOIL. Mao na sila ang mga cooperators tnana and then ang community mismo gina-involved gyud namo pod The present organizational structure of our Local Government is there is MENRO office but their focus is more on the collection of the garbage, they are anchored on the solid waste management. That’s why all MANP concerns anchored in our office but our tourism banner program is actually Mt. Apo Mountaineering program. (2a.) actually we are on the process of updating our CLUP right now and that is ongoing but on the plan that we crafted, environment and forestry is considered. Our vision is to be the center in MANP conservation. Plans were integrated, environmental considerations is included, forest to be exact. Then it’s been how many years that we are part in the creation of FLUP (Forest Land Use Plan), programs relative to environment were anchored on it. There is a portion of our CLUP about environmental management. 477 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What are those programs sir? Simple and plain programs like reforestation which is actually integrated to other plans but as of now it is not clear to me what are those programs but one thing I’m sure of there is environmental component in the CLUP. (2b.) yes there are changes since there are plenty of stakeholders were already involved. Every year, we the tourism office make an initiative which is the FIESTA SA KINAIYAHAN, we shed all our efforts on it for environmental conservation, protection and rehabilitation. That is the program of the LGU when it comes to environmental advocacy. Fortuitously, the tourism program is the lead implementer, so that is why we make changes every year. In fact FIESTA SA KINAIYAHAN were only institutionalize last year with the coming up of the legislative measures, there is already ordinance and of course with the corresponding budget. We have tree planting every year within the MANP and mangrove area then at the same time we conducted clean up drive within the MANP especially on our trail, and then we have series of advocacy campaign. In fact the strategy we made to conserve Mt. Apo is our race every year which is Mt. Apo Boulder Face challenge. We invite a lot of racers, stakeholders, media practitioners to witness the event, and also in order for them to visit Mt. Apo so that they would appreciate it. We strategized events to level up our advocacy in protecting the mountain. Actually the Boulder Face Challenge is running for 8 years now but our FIESTA SA KINAIYAHAN started since 2001. Modesty aside, we the Local government of Sta. Cruz is the only LGU who has annual activity like that. We tapped the B+WISER last year to also support the event but they wasn’t able to join because the information was send late, hopefully next year they can help and willing to join. Who are the stakeholders involved? We the local government since we are the implementer, the national government, DENR, DOT, NCIP and the community and then the private sectors who provided huge support, AboitizPower and the San Miguel Brewery Inc., the provide huge cash assistance during the FIESTA SA KINAIYAHAN. There are also other companies like SEAOIL. They are all the cooperators and also we really get involved the community. 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest Naa, para sa akoa murag nigamay siya kay naa man gyud ko sa lasang pirmi. Naa gyud mga incidence didto kanang cutting whether legal or illegal, na witnessed na namo. In fact katong last namo pag-conduct ug SMART LAWIN biodiversity monitoring using SMART LAWIN software from B+WISER, didto nako nakita kung unsa ka vulnerable ang forest area sa Sta. Cruz particularly sa Tibolo area, nakita namo nga, of course naa ang biodiversity naa pod ang threats. Even naa moy mga environmental and forest management program naa gihapon mga changes. Naa, ang amoang effort, the program itself cannot be felt overnight, labi na magtanom ka unya ang survival rate dili kayo dako. Sustainability wise naa man mi, naa ang LGU, naa ang community, dili gyud malikayan nga magtanom ka ang mo survive lang 30-40%, that a huge accomplishement na sa amoa. Dili nimo na ma feel overnight so, dili nimo na Makita sila, mas Makita man gud to nimo dayon katong nay giputol nga dako 478 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES nga kahoy. Pero na to amoang effort for reforestation, ongoing sila. Kinsa ang ga-cause ana kanang cutting of trees? Community ang uban. Sa amoang sitwasyon didto, sta, Cruz mi nga area, naay mga taga-Digos didto nagapamutol. There are cases nga usahay invisible ang mga forest guards tungod pod sa kadako sa area, Mt.Apo area in Davao del sur side that more than 40,000 hectares unya ang ilang assigned forest guards isa lang kabook. Yes, as I observed, it dwindles since I am always there on the forest. There are incidence of cutting whether legal or illegal and we have witnessed that. In fact I noticed how vulnerable the forest of Sta. Cruz particularly in Tibolo area during the last time we conducted the SMART LAWIN biodiversity monitoring using SMART LAWIN software from the B+WISER. Of course biodiversity is there and so as the threats. There is still change even you have environmental and forest management program? Yes. Our effort, the program itself cannot be felt overnight especially when you plant and the survival rate is not that high. Sustainability wise, the LGU as well as the community is there but it is unavoidable that 30-40% only survives from the trees planted. That is a huge accomplishment though on our part. You won’t feel it overnight how much more on seeing it. You’ll be obviously seeing those big trees that were cut down. But our effort for reforestation is there and it is ongoing. Who are responsible in cutting of trees? Some are community and there are from Digos City. There are cases forest guards are invisible maybe because of the vastness of the area. Mt. Apo in Davao Del Sur side has more than 40,000 hectares and then the assigned forest guard is only one. 4. Have you heard of B+WISER project? For Yes, ask: 4a. What do you know of B+WISER project? 4b. What is your participation/involvement in B+WISER Project? Oo (4a.)Actually ang mandate nila to the mandate of the DENR as far as I am concerned kaya considering the fund is coming from the American people, we have spent this much, you have to show us the output, murag ingon ana akoang pagtan-aw sa B+WISER, murag pareha lang gyud ug DENR. Kung akoy DENR I have to support this project kay makatabang sila sa atoang mandate. So daghan na ang mga interventions nga nahimo na sa B+WISER sa amoa. (4b.)Ang pinaka-landmark accomplishment nga nabuhat namo nga giayodahan sa B+WISER is sa aktong pag-unify sa Mt. Apo policy. Unya murag damgo ra namo sa una nga mag-unify nalang ta kay lahi-lahi ug policy ang LGU, ang Kidapawan gusto nila nga ingon-ani ang ilang policy, ang Bansalan, Digos, Sta. Cruz lahi-lahi. Kanus-a gani mo nga na-involved sa B+WISER sir? 479 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 4c. What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. 4d. what is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? 4e. Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. 4f. What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? For No, Ask: 4d. Have you heard of KGV or LAWIN ? 4e. What is your participation/involvement in this activity? 4f. What benefits did you or your community derived from this activity? Mga 3 years ago, pagsugod nila dili pa kayo mi, pero pagka-2013, 2014 didto na halos every month magmet mi pirmanente, sub-committee on ecotourism kami man, PAMB gihapon mi pero sa ecotourism committee. (4c.)Para sa akoa biodiversity conservation kay gawas nga na unify anf trekking policy which of course we focus to the conservation of biodiversity kay the name of the game now is regulation. You have to regulate mountain climbing aside of course nga sige ug promote ang DOT to come that will be associated with regulation na. and few people will go there, few people but worth ang mga tao didto, gitawag gani na ni Sec. of Dot 21st tourist, meaning you’re not only tourism, you are also part of the conservation of the destination na imong adtoan. Mao na ang usa nga na kuan sa B+WISER kay every tourism offices, gi-inject man didto na while you are promoting tourism you also have to conserve biodiversity, for example SMART LAWIN program, gihatag nila sa amoa ang technology, gihatag nila sa amoa ang kahibalo, we all know evrytime we climb mountains, ako pod on my part I have to observed what is happening in the environment and those are actually basis for further action, the local authorities DENR, THE Mayor, and then ongoing ang among paghimo s website sa MANP, didto na sila mo register as climbers, naa didto call for action, you cannot climb without conserving this mountain. It’s a matter of telling them this how we do it. When B+WISER came in, nag-unify mi sa policy, nagsabay mi ug saka didto nanglimpyo, nka-unload gud mi of 4 tons of garbage atong pag-clean up, so dili siya nga long time nga solution pero immediate action nga naka-create ug impact. (4e.)Oo, although usahay ang DENR moingon na paspas, actually paspas r aba, ang DENR dili na kayo makakuan, kay naanad biya sila ug hinay-hinay lang, of course ang bureaucratic kuan sa government dugay ang proseso. Ang B+WISER lahi man gud, kung gusto sila mo supporta automatic, paspas. (4f.)Based on experience, yung choice of poroject or activity or program ng ilahang e-assist, limited man gud sila, they cannot take out money for the activity na nga wala nakabutang sa ilahang range. For example ako angrequest ko na pwede ba makaapil ang B+WISER ani, ana sila “sir__dli biya pwede ang ingon-ani”. So hopefully nga murag ma expand ang ilahang level of assistance not only on trainings, seminars kundili naa pay uban nga pwede nila e-assist, other than that wala naman. Then technology transfer, we are willing to embrace that, to accept. Hopefully there is also a tangible na infrastructure nga e-support, for example laptop or computer, kanang SMART LAWIN man gud computer software naman na siya, hopefully ibilin na nila sa amoa not only the technology but also the infrastructure. 480 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Yes (4a.) Actually their mandate is to the mandate of DENR as far as I am concerned but considering the fund is coming from the American people “we have spent this much, you have to show us the output”, that’s how I see it on B+WISER, they are similar to DENR. If I were the DENR, I have to support this project since they are helpful on our mandate. So there are plenty of interventions B+WISER provide to us. (4b.) The biggest landmark we accomplished through B+WISER is the unification of the trekking policy in Mt. Apo. That was only our dream before, every LGU (Kidapawan, Bansalan, Digos, Sta.Cruz) have different policy. When was the involvement with the B+WISER startedsir? About 3 years ago. The moment they started we are not so engage but on 2013, 2014 hype started, we constantly met almost every month since we are the sub-committee on Ecotourism but we are still PAMB on Ecotourism. (4c.) For me its biodiversity conservation aside on the unification of the trekking policy. We focus to the conservation of biodiversity because the name of the game now is regulation. You have to regulate mountain climbing. Aside on the promotion of the DOT to come, that will be associated with regulation. So few people will go there, few people but they are worth, which is called by Sec. of DOT as “21st tourist” meaning you’re not only on tourism, you also part of the conservation of the destination you go through. That’s good about B+WISER, they inject on every tourism offices that while you are promoting tourism you also have to conserve biodiversity for example SMART LAWIN program, they provide us the technology and knowledge, on my part I will observe on what is happening on the environment as we climb mountains. And actually those are basis for further action from the authorities DENR, the Mayor. And then we are ongoing on making the website of MANP, registration of climber will be through the website and there is a call for action on it, you cannot climb without conserving the mountain. It’s a matter of telling them this how we do it. When B+WISER came in, we unify the policy, we climb together for clean-up drive and unloaded 4 tons of garbage. Thought it is not a long time solution but it is an immediate action that creates an impact. (4e.) Yes. B+WISER is so quick when it comes to intervention; the DENR can’t catch up or intervene since they are used to a laid-back system because of the government bureaucratic system. B+WISER is different, if they want to support, automatically they are there. (4f.) Based on experience, they have limitations on the choice of project or activity or program that they assist. They cannot take out money that is out of their range. For example, I requested if the B+WISER can support on a certain project, they told me “Sir Jul, this is not possible”. So hopefully, they expand their level of assistance not only on trainings, seminars but also on other aspect that they can possibly assist. Then on technology transfer, we are willing to embrace and to accept that. Hopefully there is also a tangible infrastructure of support. For example 481 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES laptop or computer. The SMART LAWIN is a computer software already, hopefully they will entrust it to us not only the technology but also the infrastructure. 5. What training/capacity building attended by you and other members/populace relative to NRM and environmental and forest, watershed PA management? 5a. What did you learn from this training? 5b. Who sponsored/supported the training? 6. What is the main economic activity of member/populace? Basically ang Sta. Cruz is agricultural pero ang employment namo is daghan considering nga naay daghan nga agi-industrial companies dire nga gatubo (SMB, aboitiz power, GSL, mga banana chips factory), raw material is banana ug lubi kasagara. Makingon gyud mi na ang agriculture murag backward link gihapon sa amoang industries because kanang industries dili man na manganhi dire kung dili suficiente ang among raw materials. So, basicall agricultural ug fishing kay naa mi MANP, davo pod, atbang pod kayo 30 kilometers ang amoang coastline, so suitable for fishin gihapon siya. Basically Sta. Cruz is agricultural but we have a high employment rate considering there are plenty of industrial companies (SMB, AboitizPower, GSL, Banana chips factory) here that are rising. Raw materials are usually banana and coconut. We can say that agriculture is a backward link also on our industries because if we are not self￾sufficient of raw materials industries won’t settle here. So basically its agriculture since we have MANP and fishing since Davao also is on anterior side, our coastline is 30 kilometers, so it is also suitable for fishing. 7. Do you have an enforcement plan? 7a. Who formulated the enforcement plan? 7b. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement plan? 7c. What is the composition of your enforcers or bantay gubat? How many men? How many women? On tourism we cannot do the enforcement, we will just refer. Ang nahitabo ani atong October with the coming of the new policy, among gi-orient, gi-briefing namo with B+WISER of course ang tanang mga law enforcement agencies police, army, sa tanang mga entry points, tnang LGU willing sila to partner with us to the effort in the enforcement aspect of the policy, so we will just send there mga monitoring team, kami naa pod mga volunteer nga mga monitoring team pero we will not enforce directly the law, we will just refer, kung gahi gyud ug ulo,pero ang presence namo enough naman nga e-assure nga policy is being religiously followed,wla na naglabay ug basura, wala na nisaka nga wala nay permit. Kaming monitoring team naa ra mi didto kung dili na gyud kaya we will resort of calling the attention of the police but it never happen pa man. (7a.)Kami, katong 6 LGU’s pero ang approval ana gyud ang PAMB nga En Bank committee. 482 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES How many IPs? 7d, Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your enforcers? How? And who provide and where these resource coming from? 7e. What were the effects of increased enforcement efforts on extent of compliance by resource users? Was there a reduction in number of threats and violations? On tourism we cannot do the enforcement, we only refer. We had an orientation, briefing on the new coming policy last October with B+WISER and of course with all the law enforcement agencies, the PNP, Army, on all entry points. All LGU are willing to partner with us to the effort in the enforcement aspect of the policy. So, we will send monitoring team in the area, we also have monitoring team volunteers but we cannot directly enforce the law, we will just refer. Our presence is enough to assure that the policy is being religiously followed. Garbage is regulated as well as climbing without permit. We the monitoring team are just in the area, we will resort of calling the attention of the police if situation beyond our capacity but so far that never happens. (7a.)We the 6 LGUs but the approval are on the PAMB En Banc committee. 8. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as officials/leaders or officers of your office/institutions or of your municipality or barangay, and communities relative to forest and watershed and PA management in your area? Maka-perform mi ug tarong sa amoang function kung duna gyud enough appropriation, kami sa LGU gyud hugot bakos gyud mi sa budget kay daghan man pod gud ang mga programs nga priority pod.kmi ra pod sa entire Davao nga na include na staffing pattern sa LGU ang tourism, regular office siya, dili pareha sa ubang LGU’s puro designation. With enough appropriation we can perform our function well. We the LGU is snugly control on the budget since there are plenty of programs which are a priority. We are the only LGU in the entire Davao that Tourism includes in the staffing pattern, it is a regular office unlike other LGUs all are designation function. 9. Does the municipality or barangay/ your office have regular budget for environmental and forest management? 9a. How much is the budget allocated per year Oo dala na. 1.5 million a year, apil na ang sweldo sa plantilya positions Yes. 1.5 million a year that includes compensation of planted positions. 10. What policies, laws, and ordinances for environmental and forest management as well as enforcement were passed in your municipalities and Barangays to prevent threats and illegal activities (e.g.cutting of trees) Dili ko makakuan ana, naa sa sangguniang Bayan office na. I can’t provide you that but you can have it in the Sangguniang Bayan Office. 483 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 11. Are there enterprise/livelihood activities initiated by B+WISER in the community? 11a. What are these enterprise/livelihood activities? 11c. What is the participation of women in this enterprise/livelihood activities? 11d. What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? 11e. Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? 11f. What are these training? Were there women participants in the training? How many women? Wala pa so far. Before naabot ang B+WISER naa nay mga economic activities mi. by the wy naay gihatag ang B+WISER mga additional mountaineering equipment, gihatag s Sibulan porters association for rent to sa mga climbers na gustong mo climb na walay gamit, so economic activity gihapon, gidungag na nila last June.establish naman na kay gihatag man na sa DENR last 2012, gidungagan nila. Unya naa pod womens association sa Tibolo, DENR actually ang nag-assist ana nila before u gang DOLE, wala pa ang B+WISER Wala sila. Ang mahinumdoman nako katong tour guiding lang None so far. Before B+WISER came, we already have economic activities. By the way B+WISER provides additional mountaineering equipment last June to the Sibulan porters association. It is for rent for the climbers who don’t have equipment with them. So that would be considered as economic activity. It is already established, it was given by the DENR last 2012, B+WISER gave in addition. There is also Women’s association in Tibolo, it was DENR and DOLE who assist them. They don’t have participation. Only tour guiding as far as I can remember. 12. Do you or your barangay have forged partnership with private or public entities related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management? 12a. What are these partnership (explain)? 12b. Who are involved? 12c. Do you have MOU/MOA/Contract for this partnership? 12d. Do you think this partnership beneficial to the Naa, 2012. Ang among LGU nakigpartner sa private sector. Gasa sa Suba na initiative, nagtanom sila, every private company naa silay initiative nga magtanom gyud unya along the river bank padung na didto sa upstream sa forest. Kato formal partnership to Wala pa. sauna dili pa gyud sila ang direct nga mo contact sa amoa, e-agi pa nila ug DENR ang mga communications nila, although B+WISER initiative activities, ang nagsign sa signatory didto si RED gihapon, karon direct na kay na establishes naman ang partnership. Beneficial, nakatabang gyud. 484 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes, last 2012. Our LGU forged partnership with the private sector. Tree planting, a Gasa sa Suba initiative, every private company has an initiative to plant a tree along the river bank up to the upstream of the forest. It is a formal partnership. Not yet. All the communications before from B+WISER was course through the DENR even though it is a B+WISER initiative activities but now communications directly goes to us since the partnership has been established already. Beneficial and helped us a lot. 13. Do you know if B+Wiser collected or generated data on forest cover, GHG, and other data related forest, watershed, and PA management? 13a. What and where are these data now? Oo aware mi Naa sa ilaha, naa man to sila gihatag sa amoa pero subject pa to for rconciliation with the LGU kay dili pareha, forest coverre katong data nga na generate sa B+WISER nigamay, sa LGU daghan pa, ana naay mga considertions. Every time nga naa silay data, e-present na nila sa amoa, ug naa sila ma discover na mga fauna, species, ila pod na e-present sa amoa. Yes we are aware. They have the data. Although they give us a copy but it is still subject for reconciliation with the LGU because the result differs. The forest cover data generated by the B+WISER dwindle but on the LGU it is substantial. Every time they have data they present it to us and if ever they have discovered fauna’s specie, they also present that to us. 485 12. NCIP OFFICE Name: Joey Bogay Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Company (or Office): Executive Director Agency / Office: NCIP Office Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Province: South Cotabato Municipality: Marbel City Others: Contact Number: 09985302971 Date of Interview: November 26, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: 3:10 PM Time Ended: 3: 40 PN INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What is the role of your office? Unsay role sa inyong office? Ang role gyud sa among office, naa dinhi sa among mandate is it’s a primary government agency to protect nd promote ang interest sa IPs, their customs and traditions. The role of our office is it’s a primary government agency to protect and promote the interest of IPs, their customs and traditions. What is your partnership between B+WISER? Unsay inyong partnership between the B+WISER? Bag-o lang gyud among dealings with B+WISER, mga 4 months ago. Gi tagaan mi ug project nga wala mi kasabot bah, kaning forest resource assessment, mao na among partnership karon. Our dealings with B+WISER is just recent, it was 4 months ago. We are given a project that we don’t understand, this forest resource management which we partnered. What was the contribution of B+WISER in your office? Unsa may gihatag sa B+WISER ninyo ato sir? Kadtong technology nga LAWIN, kadtong tab. Although kuyaw ni nga project kay wala mi agreement bah. The LAWIN technology, the tablet. Although we don’t have formal agreement of the project. Do you have MOU/MOA? Naa moy MOU or MOA? Wala gyud, estorya lang mi, which is mas gusto ko ana kay build on trust man na. So nag training mi, unya automatic na ang sabot bah, kami sa venue, sila ang sa transpo, kami ang sa honorarium sa participants ug sila pud ang sa food. Mo abot pami sa punto nga forest protection plan, mo assist ta sa environment. We don’t have one; it’s just a verbal agreement which I favored because it was built on trust. So we did trainings and automatically we agreed that they will provide the foods and we will provide for the transportation expenses, we provide the honorarium for the participants and they will also provide the foods. 486 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES What is your role on the MANP? Unsay inyong role sa MANP? Member mi sa PAMB. Base sa among pag estorya sa B+WISER mas okay daw ang forest protection sa Cotabato side compared sa Davao. Ang problema man gud diha kanang entry bah, siguro naay mga multiple used zone diha, gina allow sa government bah, naa pay hydro diha dapit nga sa Aboittez, pero kung tan-awon nimo ang geothermal gwapo man kay mas protected siya, mas grabe ilang reforestation ug preservation diha rather mo gawas ka sa ilang area, kana lang sa construction stage, diha na ang damage tapos sabayan sa entry unya nakapaaway pud sa tribo kay tungod sa kwarta, so away karon ang Ilumabis ug Balabag tungod anang legal fees ug benefit issue, kung tan-awon nimo diha ang Makilala ug Magtiko nga walay kompanya ning sulod, walay away kaayo, less ang away. We are a member of PAMB. Based on what we have discuss with the B+WISER, the forest protection of Cotabato side is much okay compared to Davao side. The problem in that area is the entry, maybe there are multiple used zone which the government allows. There is also a hydro in that area owned by Aboittez, but if you look at the geothermal, it’s good because it is more protected; they are doing reforestation and preservation compared outside in their area of jurisdiction. The problem there is during construction stage where some of the area will be damage. And it also causes conflict between the tribes, Ilumabis and Balabag now is having conflict because of the legal fees and benefit issues, compared to Makilala and Magtiko, there’s no conflict between them because there’s no sign of entry from a company. What is your role on that? Unsay inyong role ana? Ang provincial office namo maoy member sa PAMB ana. Naa man na sa IPRA (Indigenous Peoples Rights Act), ang IP kung I manifest unta sa ilang plano nga silay mag manage, iya nang I manifest, part pud na sa IPRA nga responsibility sa IPs is to restore denuded areas, mag bantay sa ecological imbalance, part na sila ana, and dapat gyud involve ang NCIP ug IPs kay sila man ang tao sa bukid, sila man ang nakabalo sa ilang area. Our provincial office is the member of PAMB, it’s in the IPRA. It’s also part of the IPRA that it’s IPs responsibility to restore denuded areas, helping in looking out for ecological imbalance. And it’s just right that NCIP and IPs were involved in all of that because they’re the ones in the forest area, they are more knowledgeable in the area. Do you also have forest guards? Naa pud moy mga forest guard sir? Wala mi ana kay ang forest protection dapat naa man gyud na sa DENR. We don’t have that because forest protection should be in DENR. How was your working relationship between B+WISER? Kumusta man pud ang working relationship ninyo between B+WISER? 4 months pa gyud mi ana nila. Sa tinuod lang gyud ana, nanganhi na ang B+WISER dinhi before aning 4 months nga na involved mi nila, ning deretso lang gyud na sila sa bukid, wala na sila nag hapit dinhi sa amo for clearance, karon lang nga kami na gyuy nangita sa ilaha, which is nasabtan pud nako bah nga maayo man diay. Nagkataon lang nga naa mi programa unya ning tabang sila, na plastar raman pud, wala man poy ning reklamo nga IP community, kay kung naa pa untay ning reklamo, amo gyud silang masita. 487 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES We are only involved in B+WISER 4 months ago. Honestly, B+WISER did came in directly to the area before the 4 months of our engagement; they just go to the area without our clearance prior to 4 months. We just took it to our self to reach for them and we did understand that it’s a good program. It so happen also that we have program and they (B+WISER) help us in putting it right, besides, no one in the IP community is against it. So you question them why they did not ask some clearance from your office? So murag gi question ninyo nganong wala sila ning agi dinhi sa inyo? Actually wala man mi nag question, nangita lang gyud mi sa ilaha. Actually, we don’t question them (B+WISER), we are just looking for them that time. What support did the B+WISER gives on you sir? Unsa gani to ang support sa B+WISER sa inyo sir? Kadtong tablet. Kadtong technology. Naa poy mga technical assistance. Usahay kung mo adto ug bukid, sila ang sa food, kami ang sa honorarium. Kung sa training, sila ang sa transpo, kami ang hotel accommodation, mga ingon ana. The tablet, the technology. There’s also technical issue. Sometimes when we go to the area, they’re responsible for the food and we provide for the honorarium. In trainings also, they provide for the transportation allowance and we provide for the hotel accommodation. Who does go to the forest area sir? Kinsa man pud nang manaka sa bukid sir? Naa man mi gi train, nga sampo-sampo, sampo sa Magpet, sampo sa Makilala, ug sampo sa Kidapawan nga mga IP leaders. Gi identify na sila sa community dayon gipatawag dayon na sila ug gi train sa Kidapawan, gi hands on sila sa forest assessment, paghuman ug hands-on, gipa actual dayon na sila didto sa bukid gyud. So ang among sabot ana sa B+WISER, sila ang sa food, kami ang sa honorarium. We have someone trained for that, 10 for Magpet, 10 for Makilala and 10 for Kidapawan, and they’re IP leaders, They (IP) were identified by the community and they were called and trained in Kidapawan, they were trained hands-on on the forest assessment and letting them do actual trainings in the area. And B+WISER and our office agreed that they will provide for the food and we will provide for the honorarium. What are they working? Unsay gi trabaho atong inyong gi train sir? Nag inventory, using atong technology nga gihatag sa B+WISER. Doing inventory using the technology from B+WISER. Pila man ka tablet ang nahatag sa inyo sir? How many tablet were given to you?) Wala pa gyud na ingon nga na turn over nila, gipagamit lang sa nila panahon kung mo saka ug bukid. It’s not really turn over yet, they are just using it every time they are going to the area. Naa na ba moy na formulate nga ELE or ordinances together with the B+WISER? (Have you formulated ELE together with B+WISER?) Wala pa. Kaning result sa among pag inventory didto sa bukid, maghimo mi ug policy sa environmental. Kamulo paman ug inventory, gi assess pa kung unsay resources nga naa sa Mount Apo, paghuman ana, among sabot mag training sa mga environmental laws gani, ug after training ana, mag craft na ug plan. Actually kanang himuong ordinances, IP man ang mag implementar tapos ipaagi nato sa LGU. 488 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Not yet. We will make an environmental policy out of the inventory that were doing, and the inventory is on process right now. After that, we have agreed that we will conduct trainings for the environmental laws and after the training; we will craft a plan for that. Actually the IPs are the one going to implement the ordinances that will come out of it and we will pass it through LGU. Any problems on communication between B+WISER? Sa pagka karon wala na, pero mo ingon kag DENR, daghan. Example naa mi project, mo assist ang B+WISER, walay problema dayon, pero pag abot na sa titling, DENR issue na dayon, dugay kaayo, pero ug forest protection, okay ta ana. There’s none as of now. But if you say with DENR, there are many. Example if we have projects, B+WISER will assist us without problems, but when we speak of titling, we have issues on that with DENR because it will take more time, but in forest protection, were okay with that. Do you have program on forest restoration? Yes, kanang among ADSDPP, forest restoration man na. Yes, with our ADSDPP, it’s a forest restoration. How large is the area that you was being restored? Unsa ka dako ang area nga inyo nang na restore? Wala pa, puro pa plano na, sa NGP man gud na. None so far, it’s being in the process of planning, though it’s an NGP program. Problems encountered with B+WISER? So far wala man. Kadto rang previous bah nga murag wala sila ning agi dinhi sa amo, unya diay we just found out nga nag lisod pud sila ug touch sa amo, so naa gyuy gamay nga problema sa communication kaniadto or sa mis conception ba kaha nila sa amoa. Nagkataon lang nga kami ang nangita sa ila. None so far. The issue before was they were not able to reach with us only to find out that they also had a hard time reaching us, so there’s a little problem with communication before or their mis-conception with us I think. It just so happen that we’re the ones looking for them. So in that part only that you have problems with communication? So diha lang nga part ang medyo naa moy problema sa communication? Yes, unya murag wala gyud sila nagpatawag sa amo nga pwede ba mag orientation sa una. Dili man pud nato sila mabasol kay sa DENR man gyud na sila mo una gyud. Yes. It seems that they have not contacted us first for an orientation, but then we cannot blame them because they have to seek first the DENR. What problems have you encountered in performing your task? Daghan, labi na sa amo nga rights agency mi, more on protection mi, daghan mi mabanggaan. For example, kung atong I relate sa forest protection, naay uban nga kulang sa kahibalo nga pag protected area dili dapat ma titulohan, pero mamugos gyud. Kana pong I impose nimo ang rights sa IPs, sila pud mismo usahay magka problema ta. Several, especially that we are the rights agency, we are more on protection, we will encounter several persons, example if we relate it to forest protection, there are those who is not that knowledgeable that they want to title a certain land where it’s part of the protected area. When you impose also the rights of the IPs but sometimes 489 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES they’re the problem. What challenges have you encountered in performing your task? Kaning sa IPs mismo, kay amo mang gina propaganda nga dapat ma empower sila di bah, kadtong uban nga naay power masobrahan pud pagka power, mga ingon ana bah. Daghan sa mga IPs nga sila mismo ang violators sa balaod, kay kung tan-awon man gud na nimo ang balaod sa IPRA, naan a diha tanan ang ilang balaod, bahin sa governance, bahin sa ancestral domain, kung imong tan-awon na, sila mismo daghan mo supak u gang uban wala nila gi kinasing-kasing, sa part na sa IP, sa part pud sa gobyerno, daghang project nga gi bobo para sa mga IPs, mga anti-poverty projects, pero kung tan-awon nimo ang IP nganong pigado gihapon. So unsa many pangutana ana? Kana ba gyud ang kinahanglan sa IP? Dapat mag reflect ang gobyerno bah, mao nay challenge, enough na ba nga I enroll nimo sila sa 4Ps, nganong pobre man gihapon. Enough na ba nga butangan nimo sila ug kalsada, kana ba gyud ang kinahanglan sa IPs? Naa bay taga gobyerno nga nangutana ba kung unsa bay gusto sa IP. So kana ang number one challenge para sa ako ma’am, usahay ang gobyerno ray nag guba sa kinabuhi sa IP kay gusto nila usabon para mo sakay sa development, pero ang pangutana kaya ba sa community? Andam ba pud sila. The IPs alone, because we push for them to be empowered but those who already have the power will use it at their advantage. Many of the IPs are the violators of the law because if you look at the IPRA, all the laws are in there, about governance, about the ancestral domain, many of the IPs are the violators of such laws or some does not put it by heart. In the part also of the government, many projects have been implemented for IPs like anti￾poverty projects, but if we look at them (IPs), they are still poor. So the question there is, is that really what the IPs want? The government should reflect in that. That is the challenge. Is it enough for them (IPs) to let them enroll in 4Ps, why are they still poor? Is it enough for them to put a farm to market road? Is that really what they need? Is there someone from the government asking them of what they really want? Sometimes, the government destroys the life of IPs because they want them to change or to have a development, but the question is, is the community ready for that change? What were the lessons learn in performing your task? Kaning mangita ta ug allies bah, partners, kay klaro man sa among mandato nga primary, so meaning dili kami ang sole agency, kami ang primary so kinahanglan namo ang partners, kay ang problema man gud sa IPs ma’am from a to z, dili lang pwede mo ingon nga problema sa lupa, ang number one problema gyud sa IPs is ang leadership issue, daghan naga abused. Ang mga IPs simple raman ug panginahanglanon, sa una ang awayan sa IPs babae raman, mag ilog ug asawa, karon ang awayan sa IPs yuta na kay common man, so dapat ang learnings gyud diha is ma develop sa IPs ang rights to control entry of migrants, kay kung dili na nila ma exercise mag sigi na ug saka, pero ang number one violator gyud ana is ang gobyerno gyud kay ultimo bukid panghimuon mang kalsada. Tapos kani pong paghatag ug priority sa government kasi naga issue mi ug title di bah, after mag issue ug title naa mi plano, ang problema diha kay ang support services base sa ilang plano, wala. 490 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES When we have to look for allies or partners, because it’s clear in our mandate that we are the primary agency meaning we are not the sole agency so we really need partners. There are lot of problems with IPs, from a to z, we just can’t say problems with land alone, the number one problem of IPs is the leadership issue, many are abusing. The IPs have simple needs, before, they would just quarrel about women, but now they would quarrel over a land when it is communal, so the learnings should be that IPs should develop the rights to control entry of migrants because if they don’t exercise that, it will accumulate. But the number one violator is the government because they will turn even the mountains into roads. 491 13. ECOTOURISM COMMITEE – PAMB Name: Joey Recemillia Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Company (or Office): Executive Director Agency / Office: Ecotourism Committee - PAMB Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Province: North Cotabato Municipality: Kidapawan City Others: Contact Number: 09399064243 Date of Interview: November 25, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: 5:45 PM Time Ended: 6: 45 PM Main Occupation or Economic Activity of Key Informant: KII with Mr. Joey Recimilla, Tourism Officer, Ecotourism Committee-PAMB, MANP, 25 November 2015, Kidapawan City 492 QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your work in MKRNP/MANP forest area? 1a. What is your role/participation in the forest, watershed, and PA management? My experience why I participate because of the Ecotourism aspect and as a City Tourism officer of the MANP. We were given opportunity to sit down on PAMB particularly on the Ecotourism Committee, so that’s our tie up with the PAMB. MANP has two committees which are the Ecotourism Committee and the Resource Committee. MANP have only two functional committees whereas in others areas or another PA’s have multiple committees. And I don’t know what happened to MANP why there are only two committees. I was just new in PAMB Ecotourism committee, more or less 2 years and a very fruitful 2 years (laughed). (1a.) It is a policy making body of MANP, so it has really a big role since approval, disapproval or whatever particularly in policy side is PAMB’s role. What is your participation as PAMB in forest watershed and PA management? Actually if you look at the recommendations that we had for Ecotourism for PAMB, our participation is like for example in the trekking policy that we had, it is inclusive on environment, water and everything that goes with it within MANP. If you look at the document, the trekking policy is inclusive on it and it is not only in MANP because there are many ways to strategized in putting the PAMB policy into the local ordinance. When we talked about MANP policy, PAMB issuance policy side has no teeth. So we have to put a legislative agenda in order for the policy of the PAMB to be accepted and implemented by the LGU. That’s why the Ecotourism committee, we’re pushing that all the Ecotourism policies-PAMB as it were, it will be adapted by the LGU because once they are resistant to that, it will not be implemented and since there are fees that serves as frontline, there are also payment on the violations and that all must be legislated in the LGU in order to impose sanctions to collecting officers. 2. What is the present status of B+WISER project in the area? I will only talked on the B+WISER’s effort on the Ecotourism. The B+WISER is really a “revolutionizing”, I just want to borrow the word (smiled), on the effort of PAMB on my committee only because other committees has dynamics. In my committee, the members are unique, the situation and things within it. The level of engagement is distinct which the B+WISER fits to our needs; number one (1) we wanted to push numerous PAMB policies but we can’t put in a black and white form because of the LGUs limited resources. It was in good timing when B+WISER came and it is of good timing that I was transferred in the City and I was able to join on this aspect. Although to conduct meetings, workshops are really not huge but the LGUs can’t afford to spend for that. So because of the resources, we can put our agenda and with common interest. We the tourism officer has common interest and that’s why we’re unique because of our common needs. When talked about trekking, how it is being run is different, it involves physical force and we are unique on it; when it comes to garbage our problem is also unique so as with the illegal entry and exit. Our situation is unique that needs accurate strategy and to achieve that, it’s through B+WISER. And that’s not only that, we are limited on capability building, trainings for local district trainers like guiding, porters; our porters also are unique because even women were trained for guiding and they will be an assistant guide except for women who have the courage really in leadership to lead. Here in Kidapawan we already have 2 women lead guides. What is the difference between the porters before and now with the presence of B+WISER? The porters were also trained before but not that intensive because of lack of fund, no resources; there are only few were trained; we can only do so much. On guiding, the course is expensive, my guiding course was 15 days alone (smiled). We 493 QUESTIONS RESPONSES 2a. what is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? 2b. What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your work? Please explain. 2c. What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront? put it in a crashed course, we repackage our guiding modules, so instead of so much days, we compress it for 5 days or even less, due to our limited resources. It was stop now in Kidapawan and since I am the author of the module which was replicated to other LGUs like Bansalan. And which I shared the modules to B+WISER since they are the funding agency, so I create proposal and repackage it in order to pass on their standards since USAID has standards. We have separate trainings for standard guides, training for women’s guide and we have porter trainings. B+WISER supported us in one event which is the Kidapawan, Magpet, Makilala (KMM), it is an inter-LGU alliance that was not achieve instantly. So last year we wrote to B+WISER if possible they can help us for an inter-LGU partnership on the policy side, so they supported us on the workshop in Davao last year I think or the other year and that was our first engagement. That is the key workshop that we have and the output of that is the creation of the technical working group. The KMM alliance is now formalized and established. (2a.) for me it’s good but they can do more. I don’t know what goes up with the management of B+WISER, maybe not on the local management but on the top management, they are not that aggressive in terms of doing what is right. They are doing well but they can do better. On what aspect? Number one (1), there is still committees that need support but B+WISER doesn’t extend much support to them, due to dynamics since LGU has different dynamics, and I think it’s on personality also. I think B+WISER, maybe they convey it right but the LGU were not inform on how much support they’re extending. It is good that it would be discuss what B+WISER is going to support for MANP with this following box of assistance and the corresponding fund support, so that it would be clear to them. Then whoever wants training, they can access fund if they write a proposal and that must be clear. 2nd maybe there are plenty of menu of activities if the LGU is inform, they can use it so that the resources won’t be put to waste. I don’t know if the engagement of the B+WISER is on PAMB or LGU since it is a two different thing; I don’t know where the gaps takes place but B+WISER National must be aggressive. If the PA on their project sites is aggressive and they can do better than other PAs, you should free your PA like MANP. Actually, in reality MANP mobilization is fast but only lack of resources. I felt that the top management halting the acceleration of the PAs and afraid that there is other PAs would be left behind; I think they are keeping those things in balance and that’s my own perception on the situation. I don’t know how they will help the DENR. Since I am not from DENR and not even from CENRO or MENRO office but I’ve been suggesting that already. On our KMM we want to try once the alliance formalized, we will create some task forces like for example in the case of PAMB, I don’t know, DENR leadership is the problem, the structure they have which is there is MANP, there is PASU but don’t have personnel, there is POSu been appointed but can’t fully function. So if B+WISER can help to support resources on this office for mobilization. The POSu and PASU lacks support in mobilization, if their office have funds but it’s not enough and we know that. There must be fund that can be access by the DENR; we create a task force for monitoring, I don’t know I think they have monitoring but those illegal activities must be identified and recorded then present it to the PAMB for policy direction, but that wasn’t happen since. 494 QUESTIONS RESPONSES 2d. How do you think these problems should be solved? 2e. What are the challenges that the project should face? 2f. Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. 2g. What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? You have to strategize how to motivate people if B+WISER can have a fund to support that it would be really good. (2f.) that I can’t answer, as what I have said deliverables must be presented. I am not involved on the planning; I was not informed what its content and what is going to deliver. In fact I am suggesting if possible B+WISER must have a program review on MANP and to all project sites. Time frame I don’t know, if its 5 year plan, I don’t know what’s been delivered for 1 year, 2 years, 3 years. Our engagement to B+WISER is by demand, by activity based. It wouldn’t be like that supposedly, it would be good with this resources and deliverables, we can make logical framework for that. 3. What are ELE being implemented in MKRNP/MANP? 3a. What do you think is the status of implementation of ELE? Please explain. 3b. Are they following an enforcement plan? Please tell us of this enforcement plan? 3c. Who formulated the enforcement plan? 3d. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement plan? 3e. What is role/function in assisting in the planning and implementation of ELE? There are a lot, those bantay gubat, Kidapawan alone we have designated guides and porters, WEO. (3a.) ways in making reports and doing what is on the report differs, I don’t know. (3c.) it should be the DENR supposedly who formulate enforcement plan. The problem with the DENR as what I have observed, they are not that happy to enforce. Why would you risk your life in the mountain knowing your opponents are influential, it is still in a form of business. We are lucky here in Kidapawan, there was logging observed and that was monitored by the WEO, the Brgy. Captain get mad, he was so aggressive, maybe he don’t have share (smiled) since the activity happened on his area, so violator was arrested. 4. What support/assistance did Yes, the LGU through my office because they are providing support to trainings. Our strategy is you have to work with 495 QUESTIONS RESPONSES you provide in capacity building/training of POs, women, CBOs, Bantay Gubat, IPs, and others did you provide/get involve with relative to forest, watershed, PA management of MKRNP/MANP? 4a. What are these trainings? 4b. Who are the participants? MENRO or CENRO, Ecotourism is a strategy to protect forest because if where the entry point of the tourists is where cutting of trees usually happened. So if you put some tourism sites there, plenty will have eyes on it, the more people were involved the more will take efforts to observed violators and you’re be able to protect. 5. Do you have a program in forest restoration? Please explain. 5a. Did you support the community or any POs, groups in their forest restoration activities? 5b. What is the nature of your support? 5c. Did you have a hand in introducing livelihoods activities in support of forest restoration activities in the area? 5d. What are these livelihood activities? 5e. Who are the participants of these activities? Am not really familiar on environment. On Ecotourism part, we have tree planting. The Kidapawan supported the last Genius World Record and it has been supported by 40,000 people I think. (5c.) there is but not related to tourism. There are some Manobo families residing within the buffer zone and it is a disaster prone areas, they have relocated in the city and been participating on that. So far, there are 50 families been relocated and then the Korea supported solar panel to every family. So they have solar powered electricity to use at night now in the relocation site. 6. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Please explain I have seen material and they have shared it to us but we don’t have that locally. I think there is website now that has created but it’s for tourism still. 496 QUESTIONS RESPONSES 6a. Are they effective? In what way? 6b. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems 6c. What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? (6a.) yes, not on the material like paper. We have huge tarps produced by the B+WISER like for example our clean up drive in Mt. Apo, if you could check the internet, you could see what we have done to Mt. Apo. The B+WISER was so tightfisted on PR (Public Relation), I told the B+WISER “if you want to implement, PR must be done”, they don’t have funding for PR since they have communication scheme as they said. The LGU strive hard to have PR, how can you informed people in the ground that you’re doing something and at same time to implement the new policy if without it. In my view, B+WISER lack on that, though they have but it is insufficient, they can do more. 7. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as PASu/PAMB officials/leaders or officers of your office relative to forest and watershed and PA management in MKRNP/MANP? Problem is insignificant, why? Tourism Officer’s situation was unique. We have common interest and very speedy in decision making. We have created new support policy which is camp management; I don’t know if it can be passed by PAMB, we only have limited time. What is the difference before and now with regards to trekkers in terms of its number? Well because of the trekking policy we achieved what we want to happen. Climbers decreases in number, climbing is controlled, less garbage, less damaged on environment. There are new rates been imposed, it is complex and there are lots of complains. 1,000 is the approved rate compare to 5,000, 3,000 that’s being proposed. It underwent long process until its compromise. 8. What are lessons learned in performing your tasks as PASu/PAMB that you can share for the improvement of works related to forest, watershed and PA management? There are plenty of lessons (smiled). The PAMB is not intact, it is fragmented; Mt. Apo is also unique because of the leadership issue between Region 11 and 12, because of its unique character that leads to complexity. There are Christians and even Muslims that have numerous agenda then PAMB is only one and they are fighting over one thing, which is the fund. The PAMB management has no apparent leadership, the RD-DENR never attends meeting, if he’s able to, and he is late. We don’t have unified stand here, we are divided. Another thing, they never involved the LGU. If it’s possible, the LGU will be informed every year for the fund allocation on a certain projects. Although I am not involved on whatever their agreement but at least the LGU has something to wait and look forward for. And then I was able to attend the Mindanao Conference on Protected Areas just recently in Cagayan De Oro City, which was funded by NGIC- German. They are clever but I like them. They are able to pull together all the PA’s in Mindanao and then they dissected the situation of the PAs on areas of management, policy, resources, everything. They were able to generate enough information for them to come up with for their next project. That’s the way I see it and my projection. So I think B+WISER should do that. They don’t limit on one aspect only. The problem on MANP resources is they can’t mobilize due to absence of manpower, you can’t expect something will happen like magic. They have to be practical on how to do it; there must be a solid foundation in handling it. It can never be solved using high technology, forget about that. Do 497 QUESTIONS RESPONSES it one piece at a time. Now we started on trekking policy and we take things slowly, maybe the next step is to fence and restrict the area (smiled). 498 14. PENRO Name: Melchor Ozaraga Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Company (or Office): Agency / Office: PENRO Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: Mount Apo Natural Park Province: Davao del Sur Municipality: Digos City Others: Contact Number: 09177131131; 09209293562 Date of Interview: November 24, 2015 Place of Interview: Time Started: 12:16 PM Time Ended: 1: 10 PM Main Occupation or Economic Activity of Key Informant: KII with Mr. Melchor G. Ozaraga- PENRO, Digos, City, 24 November 2015, B+WISER Field Office, Davao City 499 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your work in MKRNP/MANP forest area? Actually according to NIPAS Act, Ang PENRO is the concurrent PASU pero dapat sana merong regular protected area superintendent because the PENRO himself cannot concentrate his activities kung magPASU, marami kasing activities dapat ang PASU,talagang kulang sa time ang PASU dapat merong nakatutuk. Nagyon si Edward ang binigyan because of the bago ngayon na EO366, merong lageslative position yung Park Operation Superintendent(POSU5), supposedly siya gyud ang maghandle, yan ang arrangement siguro baka next year, magfull na talaga siya sa MANP. Ang PENRO wala na talaga, ang concurrent PASU hindi magampanan ang PENRO, so I rely on mu deputy PASU IN THE PERSON IF Sammy Gambung tapos ang nka-assign na personnel diyan sa Mt. Apo site kokonti lang at saka may edad na rin. Supposedly ang Mt. Apo dapat may organic na mga personnel, wala eh dito sa bagong EO366. Kaya nga na file-lan kami nang writ of kalisakan, na napabayaan nang DENR ang role na protecting Mt.Apo. we acknowledge na merong pagkukulang, Actually according to NIPAS Act, the PENRO is the concurrent PASU but supposed to be there must be a regular PASU because the PENRO himself cannot concentrate on his activities. The PASU also has numerous activities, I cannot accommodate them all. Right now, the designated PASU is Edward because of the new EO 366, the POSu 5 (Park Operation Superintendent) has a legislative position. Supposedly he will be the one to handle MANP, full take off of the position and that’s our arrangement. The PENRO can’t function as concurrent PASU, so I rely on my deputy in the person of “Sammy Gambong.” Then there are only few personnel assigned in Mt. Apo site and they are already on their aged. Supposedly Mt. Apo should have organic personnel but it was not stipulated in EO 366. That is why Writ of Kalikasan case was filed against us because the role of DENR to protect Mt. Apo was forlorn. We acknowledge that we have shortcomings. 1a. What is your role/participation in the forest, watershed, and PA management? (1a.)Siyempre nakipag-coordinate kami sa kanila, sila mismo ang nagfacilitate sa mga project. Meron silang project intervention but then ang focus nang B+WISER more on tourism, nakipag-coordinate sa mga LGU’s nang Mt. Apo kung ano ang gusto nila. Medyo concentrationg sila masiyado sa Region 12 kasi medyo ang tourism doon active. Dito naman sa Mt.Apo meron din resource management but then the resource committee parang hindi masiyadong nagme-meet yung teamwork. So, ano nang role ninyo pagpasok nang B+WISER? Mo diretso sila sa , more on mo coordinate sila sa LGU, whatever arrangement naa nila, e-inform kami. Tapos meron silang proposed activities iinform sa amin, “sabi nila merong kaming training na ganito, pwede bang you contact the resource persons kami ang bahala sa sa pagfinance nang training?” tapos pwede bang meron kayong counterpart?”. Ini-evaluate naming, ini-submit sa Region kung pwede, ininform naming sila na tuloyyung activity. So far, last January lang ako nag-PENRO, hindi na ako mag-1 year as PENRO kasi magtu-turn over din kami nang another PENRO ngayong December, pupunta din ako sa Davao Occidental. Sa mga activites nang B+WISER, they call and inform us sa kanilang request “ padala kayo nang personnel kasi mag-condcut kami nang training” 500 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Ang mag-infrom pod ana sa ubos, B+WISER gihapon. Oo B+WISER kapag may arrangement na, magpdala na nang invitation akoa ang pumipirma para e-serve sa mga concerned party. Usually mao na ang role nato as PENRO? Oo (1a.)We coordinate with B+WISER, they are the one who facilitate on the projects. They have project interventions but the focus of B+WISER is more on tourism. They coordinate with the LGU’s of Mt. Apo. They are more concentrating on Region 12 since tourism is very active on North Cotabato. There is also a resource management of Mt. Apo but then there was no teamwork between the resource committee. So, what is your role when the B+WISER get in? They directly coordinate with the LGU, whatever arrangement they come up, they will inform us. Then when they have proposed activities, they also inform us and asking for our support. We evaluate then submit it to the Region, we inform them if the activity push through. Only last January of this year I assumed the position of PENRO, I will turn over the position to another PENRO this December. On all activities of the B+WISER they inform and call us for their request like personnel, resource personnel. Is the B+WISER the one will inform the LGU? Yes B+WISER. Whenever there is already an arrangement they send to me the invitation for me to sign so that it can be served to the concerned party. Is that the usual role of the PENRO? Yes. 2. What is the present status of B+WISER project in the area? 2a. what is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? Dahil dalawang region ang pinipuntahan nila, okay naman, yun lang when it comes to halimbawa direct interventions nang activities nang within MANP, sa kanila lang meron silang policy recommendation, makipag-coordinate sa mga LGU’s, parang ganyan ang role nang B+WISER. Marami man yatang mga activities na nakaline-up activities para sa Mt. Apo. Ang akin lang nagpadala silang nang sa akin, ini-inform ako, minsan pumupunta sa opisina. (2a.)Of couse B+WISER helped on how para sa improvement nang ating watershed tungkol sa resiliency but then considering Mt. Apo nung pumasok ang B+WISER nandiyan na yunbg dating problema, yung expansion diyan nang banana plantation diyan sa Mt. Apo. Kaya nga nag ang mga stakeholders diyan ini- 501 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 2b. What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your work? Please explain. 2c. What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront? 2d. How do you think these problems should be solved? 2e. What are the challenges that the project should face 2f. Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. 2g. What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? inform nalang through B+wiser kung anong dapat gawin diyan. Sa PAMB meetings, ini-encourage naming sana sa mga members nang PAMB na gagawa sila nang magandang policy, ang problema, all the barangay Captains within the Natural Protected Park member nang PAMB, ang LGU member nang PAMB, during PAMB meeting nabibilang mo lang yung uma-attend. So anong ginagawa nang B+WISER, reni-imbursed nila yung pamasahe. Wala naman kaming budget sa DENR para sa transportation nang PAMB members during members or en banc meeting, so ang B+WISER ang nagshoulder niyan. Coordination nang meeting between the 2 Regional Director facilitated yun nang B+WISER. Diba ang PAMB meron man yang budget Ang IPAF sa ngayon na nagenerate hindi pa ma-access nang PAMB. Nagkamali kasi noon nung unang collection nila sa IPAF, ni-remit nila sa national treasury without corresponding fund option na ma withdraw nila, so parang wala nay un, hindi na mahabol, it takes time. Hindi ko lang alam yung exact amount na naka-deposit. Actually kung lahat nang PAMB ay very active lng, kasi sila ang gumagawa nang policies, sila ang gumagawa on how to generate revenues, yan ang role nang PAMB. (2f.)Siguro kasi meron din silang nka-line up na activities for this year. On my kuan on track naman siguro. Hindo ko lang alam sa utilization nang kanilang budget, how much ang napunta sa region 12 at region 11, labas na ako diyan. It is okay. But for example, when it comes to direct intervention of activities within MANP, they have policy recommendations, they coordinate with the LGU’s, that’s the role of B+WISER. There are plenty of activities lined up for Mt. Apo I think. They inform and sent invitation and sometimes they visit my office once they have activities to implement. It is okay. But for example, when it comes to direct intervention of activities within MANP, they have policy recommendations, they coordinate with the LGU’s, that’s the role of B+WISER. There are plenty of activities lined up for Mt. Apo I think. They inform and sent invitation and sometimes they visit my office once they have activities to implement. (2a.)Of course B+WISER helped on the improvement of our watershed about the resiliency but then considering Mt. Apo, the problems already exist right before B+WISER came in like the expansion of the banana plantation. That is why the stakeholders were inform through B+WISER on whatever intervention to be done. During PAMB meeting we encouraged the members to formulate a good policy, the problem is all the barangay Captains within the Natural Protected Park are member of the PAMB, and few of the members only attend on meetings. B+WISER reimbursed their transportation cost. We don’t have budget for that. Coordination for meeting of the 2 Regions facilitated by the B+WISER. PAMB has a budget right? 502 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES The IPAF that has been generated cannot be access as of now. The first collection was mistakenly remitted to the national treasury without corresponding fund option to withdraw. They cannot appeal to it, it takes time. I don’t have idea on the exact amount being deposited. Actually if all PAMB is very active, they are the one who formulate policies, generate revenues, that’s their role. (2f.)I think so because they have line up activities for this year. In my view, it is on track. I don’t know on the utilization of their budget if how much goes to Region 12 and Region 11, I am out of that aspect. 3. What are ELE being implemented in MKRNP/MANP? 3a. What do you think is the status of implementation of ELE? Please explain. 3b. Are they following an enforcement plan? Please tell us of this enforcement plan? Sa protection, halimbawa sa IEC naming doon sa mga stakeholders. Kayta lang hindi naming ma cover lahat sa kakulangan nan gaming mga vehicle. Yung malaking area na napasok diyan sa Kapatagan, so pagnasabi mo na Mt. Apo Natural Park, kapatagan, sa side nang Davao del Sur. So mabuti yung barngay captain receptive sa mga concerns nang DENR. So, meron nang nakapasok doon sa PA? Meron na mga, sa akin paano to so-solitionan hindi naman pwede e dive out yung mga tao doon. Eversince meron na talaga doon sir? Oo, yung mga de-seize order na inisue nang RD’s noon hindi na implement, hanggang issuance lang nang order, sa area mahirap. Kaya kung ako, e limit nalang, kung ano ang expansion, e fence yun para hindi na mag-expand kasi kung wala kanng infra na ilagay doon, biroin mo meron nang gi-loop ngayon na highway from Digos papuntang Bansalan, that would encouraged kuan kasi maganda na yung daan, concrete na. meron nang access, once you open the road it will invite.. Nakita mo from Digos cultivated na mga Agri crops except yung iba na medyo concern nagtatanim nang kahoy.. Ang LGU naman iba ang priority nila, gusto nila ini-encourage ang voters kasi boto yun. Lisod nimo e balance ang environment and economic activities sa mga tao. Ang epekto niyan when it comes to heavy rains ang flooding nandoon sa Digos, kasi bananas cannot hold water. (3a.)I-range ko yan 1 is to 10, ang implementation nang DENR parang nasa 5 lang. I cannot brag na more than 5 because of funds and logistics especially sa vehicle kasi we cannot respond sa mga reports kahit man lang motocycle wala kami, at least yun na lang sana yung mga field men naming merong motorcycle. Ako nga personal service ko pa ginagamit ko sa pagre-report diyan sa opisina. (3b.)Meron ng in the sense na parang park rangers na taga-doon, yung trainings nila, kung anong ma detect niyo sa area, meron kasing kami cellphone numbers, mag-inform lang kayo. Ngayon active sila because of Datu Manapol. Kung anong ma-observed nila inform sila kay Datu Manapol in turn si DAtu Manapol tatawag sa amin for actions. So akin naman magbigay nang instructions puntahan yung area nay un, mag-investigat kung ano nakikita niyo, magfi-file ba tayo nang kaso. 503 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 3c. Who formulated the enforcement plan? 3d.Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement plan? 3e. What is role/function in assisting in the planning and implementation of ELE? On protection. For example, IEC activities for the stakeholder. But we haven’t able to cover the whole area; we only have limited access on vehicle. There are Park rangers assigned on the PA and They have trainings on enforcement. The biggest area that’s been encroached in Mt. Apo is the Kapatagan in the side of Davao del Sur. Good thing was, the barangay captain was very receptive on the concerns of the DENR. So, there are encroachers inside the PA? Yes. How can I solved the problem, you can’t easily drive the people out on the area. Ever since do they already exist on the area? Yes. There are desist order been issued from the RD’s before but not implemented, it is up to issuance only of the order. If I were to intervene. Limiting the expansion must be imposed, putting fence to avoid further expansion. Infrastructure construction must not be implemented. But there is already a loop highway from Digos going to Bansalan, that would encouraged violators since the road is already accessible. If you could observe from Digos, Agri crops were cultivated except for those concern citizens who are planting trees. On LGU, they have other priorities; they are more concern about the votes of the people. It is difficult to balance the environment from economic activities of the people. The effect of it during heavy rains is flush flood going to Digos because bananas can’t hold water. 3a.)If I will range from to 10, the implementation of the DENR is on 5. I cannot brag it is more than 5 because of funds and logistics especially on vehicle, we cannot respond on the reports even motorcycle we don’t have, if only my field men can have that. I used my personal service when reporting to the office (3b.)Whenever they noticed violators, they inform us through our cellphone numbers. The Park rangers are very active because of Datu Manapol. They inform Datu Manapol whatever violations they observed and in turn Datu Manapol will be the one to call us for any actions. I gave instructions to resort the area and investigate if there is case must be file against the violators. 504 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 4. What support/assistance did you provide in capacity building/training of POs, women, CBOs, Bantay Gubat, IPs, and others did you provide/get involve with relative to forest, watershed, PA management of MKRNP/MANP? 4a.What are these trainings? 4b. Who are the participants? Wildlife enforcement- wild life act, sa PDC EO5. Kasama na sa NGP naming EO23, yung mga environmental laws. Ksi ang resource person naming fron DENR office, pag-environmental laws, lahat na applicable sa area, yun ab gaming pinapaalam sa participants sa training. Sa mga training meron kaming Gender and Development training, ngconduct kami 2 weeks ago. Sa 1ist day yung mga taga Kapatagan residents, 2nd day mga LGU’S na taga Digos at saka Bansalan. Nagrequest mismo si Datu Manopol doon sa tribal center parang gusto nilang malaman yung mga environmental laws. (4b.)Mga IP’s, barangay officials, mga PO’s In relation sa B+WISER, naapod mo ginaconduct na training? Naa. Yun sa GAD purely DENR. Yung training naming sa Bansalan mas malaking part doon sa B+WISER, kami ang nagkuan sa module, meron din silang resource person yung consultant, specialist nila nang B+WISER, meron silang topic na dini-discuss about sa PA Wildlife Enforcement (wildlife act PDC EO 5). NGP was included in EO 23 those environmental laws. All the environmental laws that are applicable on the area, we informed the participants of the training. We also conducted GAD training 2 weeks ago. On the 1st day, participants were residents from Kapatagan and on the 2nd day, participants from Digos-LGU and also from Bansalan. Datu Manapol requested for training about the environmental laws at tribal center. (4b.)IP’s, Barangay officials, PO’s In relation to B+WISER, do you have trainings conducted? Yes. GAD training purely from DENR. Our training in Bansalan, B+WISER has a big part of it, we are the one who create the module, they provide resource person, their consultant. There are topics been discussed about the PA. 505 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 5. Do you have a program in forest restoration? Please explain 5a. Did you support the community or any POs, groups in their forest restoration activities? 5b. What is the nature of your support? 5c. Did you have a hand in introducing livelihoods activities in support of forest restoration activities in the area? 5d. What are these livelihood activities? 5e. Who are the participants of these activities? Yung sa NGP naming pero nag-concentrate kami doon sa multiple use zone. Yung 50 hectares doon yun sa protected zone yun, indigenous trees yung itinanim. Meron kami ngayon sa barangay Taruganon, indigenous tress din an gaming itinanim under NGP. Under B+WISER on forest restoration? Wala, wala silang direct na activity sa restoration. Ang sa kanila lang naki[ag-kuan lang sila sa mga stakeholders, sa mga LGU’s. Sa Mt. Apo, other year bandang Calinan, NGP. (5a.)Yung budget, halimbawa may PO kami na meron silang 50 hectares, ini-include naming yan sa target naming the whole year. CENRO Digos nagyon concentration nila diyan mismo sa Mt. Apo, more on sa Bansalan at saka may part dito sa Digos, NGP din. Di ko lang maibigay yung exact figure. Oo (5d.)Now kami s buffer zone, ini-enccouraged nga naming na kahit coffee, khit coffee meron kahoy tapos hinahaluan nang forestry, ganun ang ginagawa nang DENR The NGP but we concentrate more on the multiple use zone. The 50 hectares is on the protected zone which was indigenous trees were planted. We have now in Barangay Taruganon, still indigenous trees were planted under NGP. Under B+WISER on forest restoration? No. They don’t have direct activities on restoration. They only coordinate with the stakeholders, LGU’s. There is NGP other year on the MT. Apo, on the side of Calinan. (5a.)On the budget, for example, we have PO that has 50 hectares, we include it on our target for the whole year. CENRO –Digos, their concentration is on Mt. Apo, it is more on Bansalan and part of Digos, and it is also NGP but I can’t provide the exact figure. Yes (5d.)Now in the buffer zone, we encouraged them to plant even coffee combined with forestry, that’s what DENR been doing. 506 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 6. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Please explain 6a. Are they effective? In what way? 6b. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems 6c. What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? Oo naghatg mi mga printed materials, mga brochures, hindi ko lang ang B+wiser.. nagbibigay man din sila. Sa amoa naa. B+WISER ug sa amoa, wala mi arrangement yung production or reproduction nang IEC material, kasi an gaming DENR ARPAO naggaprovide ug mga material, e-forward sa amin, kami na rin ang magdistribute. And also meron na kaming radio time, ang nagfacilitate ay yung regional public affairs office naming, makipag-schedule lang kami sa date at araw, samahan kami sa radio station para ma air yung mga concerns. Yes we provide printed materials, brochures. I don’t know about B+WISER but I think they also provide. Between B+WISER and us, we don’t have arrangement on the production and reproduction of IEC materials because our DENR-RPAO who provides materials, they forwarded it to us, and we distribute it. And also we have radio time. It was facilitated by the Regional Public Affairs Office; we schedule the date and time when to be on air for airing of concerns. 7. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as PASu/PAMB officials/leaders or officers of your office relative to forest and watershed and PA management in MKRNP/MANP? Meron lang mga instance na communication between the.. Meron kasing nagaputol nang, of course planted trees yun, merong falcate nandiyan sa Binaton, meron man lnding areas diha, yung mga IP’s kasi planted man, bininta nila, walang transport document. Nung culmination nan gaming training sa GAD sa province, pagbaba nandiyan yung truck naloloading, tinanong kung may dolomento, wala man, so nagtawag sa akin, sabi ko e-siezed, pindala sa CENRO Digos, yun pala nagbigay ang barangay chairman, yung tribal leader na parang consent, so naipit ngayon ang buyer. Sabi ko wala tayong magawa kung e0- transport mo yan kailangan nang transport permit, walang ma-issue ang CENRO Digos, na seized. Ngayon malapit nang mabulok yung kahoy. Buti nalang yung truck na release kasi reasonable naman yung buyer sabi niya nagprovide lang ako nang transport thinking may papeles siya. Sabi ko huwag mo nang ulitin para hindi tayo magka-problema. Now, ang resource committee naman, hindi naman sa pagkaun kay Alma, si Alma mismo very strict gusto niyang ipatupad without consideration na nandiyan na ang users. Paano mo e-drive out yung mga users nandiyan na. Sa amin gusto naming e-legistimized yung pag-occupy nila dapat maka-extract man lang nang users fee ang PAMB, wala pang policy diyan. Maraming commneto yan si Alma sa DENR, sabi ko anong magagawa naming kung ganito lang ang funding, alam nang BMB ang kakulangan naming. Ang pundo nang DENR concentrated yan sa region, maliit man lang ang budget nang PENRO sa Mt. Apo. Yun ang problema sa communication between. Within the protected area kailangan dadaan ka sa PAMB. When you transact business, doon ka muna sa PAMB, kung magbigay ng PAMB nang clearance, kami ang mag-facilitate, yun ang arrangement. 507 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES There are some instances on communication between.. There are violators cutting trees of course it is a planted trees, a falcata tree in Binaton and there is also landing areas on that area. The IP’s sell the trees without transport document. That was happened during our culmination on the GAD training in the province. They caught the violators loading trees to the truck, they were ask for documents but they don’t have documents to show. They called me for the said incident, I told them to seize and it was brought to CENRO-Digos and to find out the Barangay chairman, the tribal leader who provides consent. The wood decayed now but the truck was release because the reason was reasonable, since the buyer only provides transport thinking he has papers. The resource committee, I am not against Alma (Chair of the Committee), she is very strict, she wants to enforce without consideration that the users (banana plantation) exist on the area. How can you drive out the users? We want to legitimized their occupancy, the PAMB must extract fee from the users, there is no policy yet been imposed. Alma has a lot of comments on the DENR, “ I said what can do you for a limited fund”, BMB knows our inadequacy. The DENR funds concentrate more on the Region, PENRO’s budget for Mt. Apo is only diminutive. Is it the communication problem between… Within the PA you need have to pass through the PAMB, when you transact business you start with the PAMB if they will provide clearance, we only facilitate and that’s the agreement. 8. What are lessons learned in performing your tasks as PENRO that you can share for the improvement of works related to forest, watershed and PA management? Meron din mga frustations kasi meron kang gustong matupad pero may mga limitation. Matagal kasi ako nag-CENRO bago ako naging PENRO. Nagampanan ko man ang trabaho nang CENRO, trabaho nang PENRO. Kung e-assess ko naman yung performance ko, ibinigay ko naman lahat, kung meron akong gusto magyari talagang tutukan ko yan pero merong limitation. Halimabawa implementation nang projects, atleast 100% accomplishement, now welfare nang mga employees concern mo yan. This year kasi busy kami sa implementation nang EO366, yung filling up nang personnel. As field officer naman, self-assessment ko, nagampanan ko naman. I have done so much contribution sa government I have also frustrations because you want to pursue something but there are limitations. I’ve been a CENRO for a long time before I assume the position as PENRO. I perform my task as CENRO and PENRO. If I were to assess my performance, I gave my all. If I have something to happen I really focus on it but there are limitations. For example, project implementation, at least 100% accomplishments, now employees welfare is your concern. This year since we are busy on the implementation of EO 366 filling up of personnel. As a field officer, I have done so much contribution to the government. 508 Mount Kitanglad Range Natural Park 1. Women Sector Name: Adelina Tarino aka “BAE Inatlawan” Age: 54 Sex: Female Educational Attainment: High School Position in the Community (or Office): Brgy Chieftain and IP Mandatory Representative Length in service: Brgy. Chieftain since 2000. In 2013 became the I.P mandatory representative for the Barangay Others: PO Name: Daraguyan Tribal Women’s Organization (Their Women’s Organization is NCIP registered as of November 2015 but they are still waiting for the accreditation) Province: Bukidnon Municipality: Daraguyan Barangay: Dalawangan Mobile No: 0935-805-1183 Date of Interview: November 24, 2015 Place of Interview: Time started: 9:00 AM Time Ended: 10:00 AM GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your forest area? 1. Nagtanom mi ug mga bamboo. Naa pud mga kape among gipang tanom so nag anam na ug balik ang lasang pero dako pa gihapon ang nabilin gyud ang angay tamnan. Sa akong estimate lang, ang angayan tamnan para reforestation, siguro naa pa sa mga 100 hectares kapin. Dili cya ma minos ug 100 hectares. Angayan pud butangan ug agrofestry, mga 300 hectares. Ang commercial, naa man gyud nah silay angayan nilang tamnan, siguro nasa mga 3 to 5 hectares Naa pud mi under the National Greening Project. 20 hectares ra akong gidawat adto. Wala nako gi dawat ang luag nga area kay wala nako nasabtan ug maayo nga pamaagi. Nag lisod ang mga trabahante kay ang paghatag nila kay tigi tigi. Ang akong mga tao sa group, ayha sila manguli ug mahuman sila ug tanom, pero kung muadto ko sa DENR, ug mu ingon ko ug human na ang pagpananom, ang taga DENR dili mu tu-o. Mu survey ra sila sa area kung ang area sagboton na. Sa grupo namo nga 40 kabook, 10,000 pesos ra ilang gibayad. Pila ra man nah kung ibahin sa kwarenta ka tao? 2013 man to cya ang National Greening Project (NGP). Igo ra to nako gi suwayan, wala na namo gi usab kay wala na ganahi among mga ka grupo. Wala nag provide ug seedlings for NGP, gi kwenta lang nila nga kung mahurot ang 1 hectare, 10,800pesos ang mahatag. Maayo unta ug ihatag ug direcho ang kwarta pagka human sa trabaho. Unya kay dili man. Wala na ko gi dugang kay ako unyay mahimong dautan sa akong tao dili sila gaka bayaran ug sakto 509 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. We planted bamboo. We also planted coffee that’s why the forest is slowly recovering but a large patch still needs to be replanted. As far as I can estimate, around 100 hectares or more must be planted for reforestation. It should not be less than 100 hectares. It also needs to put up Agroforestry on around 300 hectares. For commercial business here, they have areas where they could plant- around 3-5 hectares. We have also received a 20-hectare land area under the National Greening Project. I did not accept the larger area since I did not thoroughly understand the guidelines. Laborers were having a hard time since the funding is given per tranche. The people under my group would only go home after they finish planting but whenever I go to DENR and inform them that my people have completed the task, they do not believe me. They only do survey the area by the time the weeds have already grown. My group which comprises 40 members, they would only pay them 10,000 pesos. How much would it be if you divide it to 40 people? The National Greening Project started 2013. That was just for trial and error, we did not do it again since our group members were not interested in it anymore. NGP did not provide us with seedlings, they just calculated that once 1 hectare has been totally replanted, 10,800 pesos will then be paid to those who did the planting. It would be best if the money is given immediately after work completion. But it does not happen like that. From then on, I did not request for additional planting task from NGP because I don’t want to give a negative impression to my members for not paying them the amount that they deserve. 2 Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management] 2. Sauna adtong 2005, dako man siya ug ka daot tungod sa dako nga parte nga nasunog pero karon, nag anam na ug ka balik ang kalasangan kay nagtanom man mi ug kakahuyan. Nagtanom mi ug mga bamboo. Naa pud mga kape among gipang tanom so nag anam na ug balik ang lasang pero dako pa gihapon ang nabilin gyud ang angay tamnan. Sa akong estimate lang, ang angayan tamnan para reforestation, siguro naa pa sa mga 100 hectares kapin. Dili cya ma minos ug 100 hectares. Angayan pud butangan ug agrofestry, mga 300 hectares. Ang commercial, naa man gyud nah silay angayan nilang tamnan, siguro nasa mga 3 to 5 hectares 2. Last 2005, a large area of the forest has been badly deforested due to fire but now, it has been slowly recovering ever since we’ve been planting trees in the forest. We planted bamboo. We also planted coffee and it is getting better little by little though a large area still needs to be replanted. As far as I can estimate, around 100 hectares or more must be planted for reforestation. It should not be less than 100 hectares. It also needs Agroforestry for around 300 hectares. For commercial, they really have assigned areas where they must plant￾around 3-5 hectares. 3. When was your group organized? Is your women’s group organized through the B+WISER Project? 3. Karon bulan lang mi na sulod sa NCIP pero wala pai accreditation. Naa na hinoon mi titulo sa Ancestral Domain. Na rehistrado na among grupo sa NCIP as a whole.Wala lang jud cya na divide pa for Women, Tribal Guards ug PO. Karon na month pa cya ma bahin. I-lahi gyud namo siya kay para sa mga projects nga muabot Who organized your group? 510 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Kami ra ang nag organize. Ako ra pud ang nag arrange. Naa tabang gikan sa B+WISER through the community profile. Himoon ang history sa among lugar, among basehanan sa among mga rules and laws ug kinaiyahan namo sa among tribu. Sa aning community profile, ang B+WISER ang mismo nagpasiugda. Ang Tribal Council of Elders, kami nagsabot mi ni Datu Makapukaw nga magbuhat mi ug libro para sa among mga balaod. Di mi magsalig sa researchers para sa pagbuhat aning libro para sakto gyud. Maayo nang kami mag himo para sigurado, dili masambog ang una nga ang-ang ug sunod nga ang-ang. Pati napud sa among Tribal School ug ang among Tribal Curriculum. Kami gyud nag buhat ani. Wala pa namo gi sira ang bookbind sa among draft sa libro kay kada naa mi mahuman, amo man isulod so kung ma kompleto namo siya, ayha pa siya ma publish. Pagka approve sa report namo puhon, ayha pa mi ma releasan sa B+WISER ug fund for publishing. Binukid and English ang among gamit nga inistoryahan para magkasinabot ang tanan nga maka basa 3. We are now registered under NCIP just this month but we’re not yet accredited. However, we have our title for Ancestral Domain. Our group is listed in NCIP as a whole and it means that it’s not yet divided as separate groups for Women, Tribal Guards and P.O. It will be divided this month. We will separate it for our future projects to come. We organized the group ourselves. I was the one who arranged it. B+WISER has helped me through the community profile. We will make the history documentation of our community, the basis of our rules, laws and values of our tribe. In this community profile, B+WISER is the front liner. The Tribal Council of Elders, Datu Makapukaw and I agreed to make a book for our laws. We will not depend on the researchers to make this book to make sure of its accuracy. It is better that we’ll the ones who will make it to make sure all is written according to its phases. Also, for our Tribal School and Tribal Curriculum- We made this. The Book is not yet done since every time we have new additions and editions. We’ll only do the book binding right after we complete everything. After our report will be approved, B+WISER will then release the fund for publishing. We will use both our tribal dialect and English in writing the book so that everyone will understand. 4. Did you attend or participate in any capacity building training pertaining to NRM (natural resource management) [Note: ask them to name all NRM-related trainings attended] 4a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? 4b. What did you learn from this or these training/s? 4. Yes 4a. PAMB, DENR 4b. Naa koy naapilan pero gamay ra like nursery, pagdumala sa nursery. Bag-o lang to, aning October 2015 lang. Bag-o pa ko naka apil kay bag-o pa man mi nag partner. Ang projects nila nga uban, wala pa pud ko naka apil. Sa among paghimo sa nursery sauna, ang yuta wala na namo gi sukod sukod. Sauna man gud, wala mi nanganogon sa yuta kay luag man mi ug mga yuta. Wala mi nasayod nga sukdon gyud ang yuta para magamit pa sa uban nga pagpananom 511 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 4c. What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings? 4c. Ako as isa ka member sa Protected Area Managament Board (PAMB), ako isaka board sa committee sa IP. Ang tanan nga mga balaod sa PAMB, akong dalhon sa community pag naa mi meeting, ang akong nakutlo nga balaod gikan sa mga mayor, akong dalhon sa IP community. Akong konsultohan sa ila kung unsa nga balaod ang mu duyog sa amoa ug unsa ang dili. Kung unsay sakit sa amoa mga IP, ako nang ipa dala sa PAMB ug manghangyo mi basin pwede dili ma approve. Ang PAMB ug DENR nag partner na kay kung naay sakit sa tribo, akong mapadala nga mensahe sa ila nga dili uyon ang IP. Mu hangyo mi for amendment if ever dili duyog sa among kultura ang mga ordinansa. Ang among ordinansa as IP, sa NCIP man ga paingon. Ang B+WISER nakipagtinabangay na man sila sa pagdumala sa kitanglad. Ayha pa namo nabaw-an nga naay B+WISER project nga naka sulod na sila sa kitanglad. Pero since naka sulod na man sila, nag hangyo nalang mi nga tabangan nalang pud mi nila. Nagka sabot mi sa B+WISER nga tabangan pud mi nila. Sinugdanan na siguro ning community profile nga supported nila “I have joined some trainings related to nursery and how to manage it. It was just recently- October of this year, 2015. I just recently joined because we just recently became partners. I haven’t joined any other trainings aside from the ones I mentioned” “During the time that we created our nursery, we did not measure the land area. We don’t mind doing that before because we have wide lands. We didn’t know that it’s best to measure the land area so it can then be used for planting other trees/crops/vegetables” “I am a member of the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) and I am a board member of the committee for IP’s. I will share to the community all the laws of PAMB during meetings, I will also bring the laws I have learned as a mayor to the IP community. I will consult them what are the laws that will be in line with our culture. If there are laws that we are not comfortable with, I will ask PAMB if it’s possible that it won’t be approved. PAMB and DENR are in partnership to address the concerns of IP’s about the laws not in line with their rules and beliefs and laws that hurt them. We will ask for amendment if ever ordinances are against our culture. Our ordinances as IP go to NCIP.” “The B+WISER are also extending efforts for forest management. We only knew about the B+WISER project when they had already entered Kitanglad. But since they’re already here, we would now request that they help us. We have an agreement with B+WISER regarding that assistance. Maybe the support that they’re giving for our Community Profile is the start” 5. Have you or your organization participated in any enforcement activities relative to your environmental management program of your forest resources? 5. Naa gyud mga panahon nga ako ang ga una sa among grupo. Magsuroy mi sa lasang, ga patrol mi sa lasang kay amo gina check kung naa ba nasunog or na landslide. Ga ampo pud mi didto. Tanan taga dha sa Kitanglad nga member sa akong organization ang akong mga kauban. Walay naka sagol sa among grupo from the outside. 5a. Naay panahon nga ang mga babae namo mutabang sa pagpananom sa bamboo ug kahoy daplin sa dapa. 512 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 5a What is your or your organization’s role in these enforcement activities? 5b What benefits did you or your organization get from these enforcement activities? 5c What problems have you or your organization experienced with regard to enforcement of environmental activities? Ang women pud, ga tanom ug kahoy kilid sa among dalan. Tanan balay sa community, magbuhat ug project nga bulakan (flower garden) pero wala pai nag commit. Ang women namo, ga buhat man ug basket, bags and necklace. DENR ang naghatag adto. Naghatod sila ug baging nga mga binugtong. Gipang tanom namo daplin sa sapa. Walay kwarta gihatag adto, seedling lang. 5b. Magamit pud to namo ang mga bamboo nga among gipang tanom kung kinahanglan namo. 5c. Kung dunay umaabot nga bagyo, ga adto mi sa bukid mag ampo. Pag naa mi makita sa TV nga bagyo, muadto mi sa kalasangan, mag ritual mi. Katong sa bagyong Pablo, nahisgutan namo nga mag ritual mi. Nag suggest among isaka kauban nga dili mag ritual kay ga kataw-an lang daw mi sa uban. Gisuwayan namo nga dili mi mag ritual, pag abot sa Pablo, dako kaayo ang kadaot nga nahitabo. Nasakitan mi sa nahitabo. Nag huna-huna na mi nga dili na mi mag pa apekto sa saway. Maayo unta mahimo na ang TALAMA Fund Program para kung mag ritual mi, didto namo makuha sa among magastosa manok para sa ritual. Kung kusog kaayo ang hangin, kung mag ritual mi, mu hinay man gud pud. 5a. There was times where I’m always the front liner of the group. We wander into the forest to do the patrol check and see if there were fires or landslides. We also pray there. All members in my organization who live in the forest of Kitanglad go with me. We don’t have members from the outside There are times when women help us in planting bamboo and other trees beside “Dapa”. Women also plant trees beside the road. All households in the community will make a flower garden project but none of them has committed yet. Our women members also make basket, bags, and necklaces. They are given by DENR. They delivered “Baging nga mga binugtong”. We planted them beside the river. No money was given to them that time￾only seedlings. 5b.. We can use the bamboo we planted whenever we need it. 5c. Whenever a storm will come, we go to the mountain and pray. When we see cyclones over the news in the TV, we go to the forest and we perform our ritual. During the typhoon Pablo, we have discussed to do the ritual. One member suggested not do the ritual anymore because she heard other people laugh at us. We tried not to do it and when Pablo came, there was a large destruction. We were saddened for what happened. We decided not to be affected of what other people will say. It will be better if TALAMA Fund Program will be realized so that if we do our ritual, we can use the fund to buy for a chicken needed in the ritual. During strong winds and we are having our ritual, the wind becomes weaker. 6 . Are you or your organization a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? 6. Dili ko apil sa 4P’s pero naa pud koy mga kauban sa grupo nga apil. 40 members man akong members sa among Women’s Group. Sa 40 ka members nako, mga 4-5 families lang ang apil sa 4P’s. Wala sila na apil sa program nga ipatanom sila nga bayaran ra daun. Naa man to nianhi nga DSWD diri nga nag lista sa mga IP’s pero sa akong mga gipang lista didto, daghan wala na apil. Pa picturan niya ani nga mga 513 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES [Note: check if members are 4Ps beneficiaries] adlaw ang ilang mga gipang tanom nga kahoy. Mga IP’s ilang plano nga ipa tanom. Mga IP members nga dili apil sa 4P’s. Pa picturan daan ang ilang mga gitanom ayha sila bayaran 6. I’m not a 4P’s beneficiary but I have known some members in the group who are under 4P’s. There are 40 members in our Women’s Group and only 4-5 families are 4P’s beneficiaries” “They were not included in the program that they will be paid when planting trees. DSWD visited our area who listed the members of the IP but from what I listed, many were still not included. They will take pictures of the trees we planted within the day. They plan that IP’s will be the ones who will plant. Those IP members are not 4P’s beneficiaries. 7. Have you or your organization put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. 7. Wala pa kay wala pa gyud mi na divide. Sagol pa mi tanan Women, Tribal Guards, Farmers 7. Not yet since our group is still not divided. We are still a group mixed with Women, Tribal Guards and Farmers. 8. What are the livelihood projects introduced in your community in support to forest restoration activities? 8. Naa silay handicraft projects, mat weaving, carving, painting, abaca weaving, backyard gardening(vegetable) Naa pud gikan sa National Greeting Program (NGP) nga sa isa ka ektarya nga yuta nga inyong tamnan, 10,800 pesos ang ilang ibayad pero once lang to siya nahitabo. 40 kabuuk ang mag trabaho i-divide nila ang 10,800 pesos. Dili maayo Gusto nako malipay ang akong mga tao. Lain man ko nga leader kay gusto ko malipay akong mga tao. Ako nang gi open sa DENR. Wala pa pud solution kay ang ga inspection man pud ang ga report sa ila ug usahay mali ang ireport sa DENR kay ang ga inspection sa lugar, dili man niya liboton ang area sa GPS. Maayo unta nga kay gatinuuray man ang ga tanom, ga tinuuray pud ang ga inspection 8. They have handicraft projects, mat weaving, carving, painting, abaca weaving, backyard gardening (vegetable). There’s also a 1 hectare of land that can be planted from the National greeting Program (NGP). They will pay 10,800 pesos but only once. 40 people will work on it and they will divide the 10,800 pesos by themselves.It is not good. I want my people to be happy. I am a leader who wants my people to be happy. I opened this concern to DENR. There was no solution because the inspector gives wrong reports to DENR and whenever he inspects, he will not look all the areas and record it to the GPS. Truthful inspection should be made since we truthfully plant the trees. 9. What problems have you encountered in your forest restoration activities? How did you solve them? 9. Sa National Greeting Program (NGP) nga sa isa ka ektarya nga yuta nga inyong tamnan, 10,800 pesos ang ilang ibayad pero once lang to siya nahitabo. 40 kabuuk ang mag trabaho i-divide nila ang 10,800 pesos. Dili maayo Gusto nako malipay ang akong mga tao. Lain man ko nga leader kay gusto ko malipay akong mga tao. Ako nang gi open sa DENR. Wala pa pud solution kay ang ga inspection man pud ang ga report sa ila ug usahay mali ang ireport sa DENR kay ang ga inspection sa lugar, dili man niya liboton ang area sa GPS. Maayo unta nga kay gatinuuray man ang ga tanom, ga tinuuray pud ang ga inspection. 9. There’s also a 1 hectare of land that can be planted from the National greeting Program (NGP). They will pay 10,800 pesos but only once. 40 people will work on it and they will divide the 10,800 pesos by themselves.It is not 514 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES good. I want my people to be happy. I am a leader who wants my people to be happy. I opened this concern to DENR. There was no solution because the inspector gives wrong reports to DENR and whenever he inspects, he will not look all the areas and record it to the GPS. Truthful inspection should be made since we truthfully plant the trees. 10. What are the challenges that you face in your forest restoration activities? No response 11. What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by the women’s group in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? [Note: Let them cite specific activities] 11. Survey. Mag ritual mi dala survey. Tanawon namo ang mga rattan, mga kahoy, mag check mi sa among alampo-anan kung wala ba na landslide. Every year, 4 times mi ga buhat ani. Usahay ika lima or ika 6 kay ila man ga tanawon ang akong lugar 11. Survey. We do the rituals while having the survey. We look into rattan, the trees, we check our prayer site if there’s any landslide. We do this 4 times a year. Sometimes 5 times or 6 times because they check my area sometimes. 12. Are these activities effective? Please explain. 12. Epektibo siya kay makit-an namo nga kung mag ampo mi didto, malinawon siya ug walay kadaot. Kung di mag susi sa mga lugar, naay mga NPA na hinoon diay nga naay mga bomba. Wala na kaayo namo to na survey ang lugar adtong 2010. Nag luya man gud ko adtong mga panahona. Di man pud mu survey ang mga babae nako nga myembro kung wala ko. Ang akong mga myembro nga mga lalake, kung mag survey mi, ako man gyapon ang ga una. Mas ga survey mi karon kay naa na man mi fund magamit para balon namo. Sauna man gud, akong gaka gamit akong sweldo diri sa brangay para sa among lakaw sa among survey Initiative namo nah nga survey kay kung sa B+WISER mi mag agad, wala man pud sweldo 12. It is effective because we can see that whenever we pray there, it is peaceful and there’s no destruction. If the area is not checked, there were instances where there are then presence of NPA’s who bring bombs. We have not thoroughly surveyed the place since 2010. I was not feeling well that time. Women won’t also survey if I’m not around. My men members won’t also do the survey since I always take the lead. We do the survey more often now since we have funds. Before, I use my honorarium in the barangay for our survey. We make the survey as our initiative because even if we depend on B+WISER, we still won’t have compensation. 13. In what other activities in the community are women tapped? 13. Tanan sa komunidad apil adtong bamboo planting 13. Everyone in the community is included in bamboo planting 14. Any problem encountered in gender mainstreaming/inclusion activitiesthat have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? What are these? How did you solve them? No response 15. What are the challenges that you face in gender mainstreaming/inclusion activitiesthat have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? No response 16. Would you know of any IEC materials produced 16. Wala pa sa amoa pero nahisgotan na nah cya sa among meeting. Naay billboards from DENR. Ga 515 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management ? Please explain. 16a. Are they effective? In what way? plano pud mi ug amoa para mag butang ug signageskung asa ang sacred nga lugar ug asa ang pwede ma suroy suroyan. Na unta signage or billboard pero wala pa mi funder. Wala pai mu support. 16a . Epektibo gyud kay makahibalo direcho ang mga climbers asa ang pwede ug dili nila pwede adtoan nga mga parte sa lasang 16. It is not yet given to us but it was mentioned during our meeting. There are billboards from DENR. We also plan putting signages that inform where the sacred places of worship are and where to roam around. There should have been signage or billboard but we still don’t have a funder. 16a. It is effective since climbers directly know where are only allowed to go and where they are prohibited in the forest 17. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems 17. Ang logo man gud adto is DENR man. Wala man cya naghatag ug information nga kani nga lugar is sagrado, wala silay signage nga kani sa mga tribo nga yuta. Wala pud signage nga ang nakabutang Protected Areas Systems Law (PAS) and Indigenous Peoples Right Act Law(IPRA) Ang mga ga birdwatching ug mga mountain climbers kay di na sila mag tago tago ug saka sa lasang. Mabasa nila uga basin makabalo na sila nga amoa tong lugar ug angay nila respetohan 17. The logo is from DENR(not B+WISER).It does not give information that this place is sacred, and no signage specifically says that ‘This land belongs to the tribe’. There was also no signage that states the Protected Areas System Law (PAS) and Indigenous Peoples Right Act Law (IPRA). Those who do bird watching as well as the mountain climbers will not anymore more climb the mountain secretly. They can read and be informed that they are stepping on our land and they need to respect it. 18. What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? No response 19. What lessons/positive experiences can you share with us as a member of the Women’s association that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? 19. Matutukan unta mi sa lain lain nga agencies nga ga dala sa projects sa forest protection. Unta ma budgetan pud mi sa among pag patrol ug pag ampo namo sa kalasangan kay malooy sila sa ako nga akong sweldo ang gaka hurot. Ug naay matabang, unta nga ma apil mi sa women’s organization. Kay ga apil man mi sa pag protektar. 19. I hope other agencies will give us projects for forest protection. Also, that there be given a budget for our forest patrolling and in praying for our forest since I’m using my personal money in doing these things. And if ever there will be aid given from different agencies, I hope thatwomen’s organization is part of the support since we also participate in protecting the forest. 516 2. BLGU Officials, MLGU Officials, and Other Key Informants Name: Eastherluna Canoy Age: Sex: Female Educational Attainment: Position in the Community (or Office): KIN Executive Director Others: Agency/Office:Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s Name of Forest Reserved/Watershed Protected Area/Natural Park: Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park Province: Bukidnon Municipality: Malaybalay City Barangay: Casisang Mobile no: 09176340331 Date of Interview: November 18, 2015 Time started: 9:30 AM Time Ended: 10:25 AM INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG 1. What is the present status of your forest area? 1. In general, we’re still one of the most visited forest park because it’s a managed protected area. We work closely with the stake holders. Just recently, we celebrated our 19th yearfor Aldaw Ta Kitanglad. We extended the value of Mt. Kitanglad to the public.In a month, when we talk of climbers, we had about 800 people coming in from different areas. Now, siguronasamga 1,000. Hindi langyungKitanglad guard volunteers￾patimgabata, schools, the partner companies are also supporting. They also donate funds to make the Kitanglad events successful. Like for instance: BASECO gives annually, DOLE and DEL Monte also gives something because their business is also located in Kitanglad so it’s the token of their support. This is an ASEAN Heritage Park and it’s an ASEAN center for biodiversity. I’m not sure if other natural parks have that widespread celebration but here in Bukidnon, the provincial government plus the regional offices have events annually. 1. In general, we’re still one of the most visited forest park because it’s a managed protected area. We work closely with the stake holders. Just recently, we celebrated our 19th year for Aldaw Ta Kitanglad. We extended the value of Mt. Kitanglad to the public. In a month, when we talk of climbers, we had about 800 people coming in from different areas. Now, maybe it increased to an almost 1,000. It’s not only the Kitanglad guard volunteers- but including the children, schools and the partner companies are also supporting. They also donate funds to make the Kitanglad events successful. Like for instance: BASECO gives annually, DOLE and 517 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG DEL Monte also gives something because their business is also located in Kitanglad so it’s the token of their support. This is an ASEAN Heritage Park and it’s an ASEAN center for biodiversity. I’m not sure if other natural parks have that widespread celebration but here in Bukidnon, the provincial government plus the regional offices have events annually. 2 . Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? 2. Kungnaaymga national mandates from DENR, gakahapaknadrechosaBukidnon. For the National Greening Project, Agroforestry, eCrop to Seafall, this is University of the Philippines Los Banos’ laboratory. For dynamic farming, we have two awardees. These are showcases of environment and ecology. Pero parangCBFMso meronnangginagawangayon. Like INREP andADB. It’s an interesting case. 2a. Nakitako under the National Greening Project. Under the NGP Mandate, lahat ng punodapatnaka geotag. They’re trying to monitor it closely. We have done this in the last 2 years-yung geotagging. Even confirmed by B+WISERangpagincrease ng forest. But how about the sense of biodiversity? If you have a patch of forest untouched, how would you assume?Eh walangnagbibilang. We lack scientists, biologists and ecologists who would do the monitoring. Normally, those who are doing it here are from the outside. I don’t think sa awareness ngtribu is payagsila. Even the colleges here in Bukdnonmagpapaalam pasilasaProtected Area Management Board (PAMB). So for two decades, wala pang naglilista. 2. Every time there are national mandates from DENR, it is then directly being implemented inBukidnon. For the National Greening Project, Agroforestry, eCrop to Seafall, this is University of the Philippines Los Banos’ laboratory. For dynamic farming, we have two awardees. These are showcases of environment and ecology. It’s like CBFM so they really are doing something right now. Like INREP and ADB. It’s an interesting case. 2a. I have seen under the National Greening Project. Under the NGP Mandate, all trees must be geo tagged. They’re trying to monitor it closely. We have done the geotagging in the last 2 years. The increase in the density of the forest is even confirmed by B+WISER. But how about the sense of biodiversity? If you have a patch of forest untouched, how would you assume when nobody is recording the numbers? We lack scientists, biologists and ecologists who would do the monitoring. Normally, those who are doing it here are from the outside. I don’t think￾with the tribes’ awareness - that they would agree with it. Even the colleges here in Bukidnonneed to ask forProtected Area Management Board (PAMB)’s permission. So for two decades, no one has been listing. 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the 518 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG presence or absence of an environmental and forest management program] 3. Have you heard of B+WISER project? For Yes, ask: 3a. What do you know of B+WISER project? 3b. What is your participation/involvement in B+WISER Project? 3c. What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. 3d. What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? 3e. Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. 3f. What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? For No, Ask: 3d. Have you heard of KGV or LAWIN? 3e. What is your participation/involvement in this activity? 3f. What benefits did you or your community derived from this activity? 3. Yes. 3a. B+WISER reinforces what we do. When B+WISER came in, Kitanglad is already receiving many awards. It is considered value-added because we already have the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB). It is already running so we cannot immediately contribute it to the B+WISER. Kino-connect lang ng B+WISER anglahat. Yungpagme-meeting regularly,we cannot do that before. B+WISER made it possible. Other than the Aldaw ta Kitanglad, there’s no way to get the Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV) altogether. When we used to have resources before, we used to meet 2-3 times a year. It was more frequent so mas addressed ang concerns ng barangay. With B+WISER coming in, we have the resource to get them out together. Pero sa cultural aspect, hindi pa nare-repeat. With B+WISER, may research about samgatribo. If you can really capture the feelings of the tribe. Kasi may management na eh, may resilient economy, no more forest destruction, perowala pa man so much for culture there. We have to put a ground for that. We have to make sure that the management will check sa tribal aspect. It took a long time to take them to say yes. It took them too long to say yes to something that is in line with their goal. Yung sa USAID requirements, for us in the Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN), we are just a very practical sense of NGO. If there are things that are hard to comply and will take time for us to comply, wag na. Hindi namankasiito solicited project. Yung B+WISERyung nag approach. If walaangKitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN) dun, ang tribe anggagawapero kami namanang trusted NGO nilakasi from the start, we are the one organizing. This is different from PAMB, this is different from DENR. Are they culture sensitive?Just like the Mt. Apo site, they cross visit here to learn and see the relationship of the tribe and see how the park management work well with the tribes. 3b. As executive director, I talk with CHEMONICS, I talk to the executives. I look at other projects that sustain and complement our work here in Kitanglad. So more on negotiation anginvolvement ko. 3c. They provide technical monitoring that complements what we do. We have a system setup and because of the interventions and assistance ng mga experts, our tasks are being articulated to the sites of Kitanglad and it continues to mature as a managed Protected Area. Role model PA ang Mt. Kitanglad. Ang relationship namin, dumaan din sa away between the tribe and the government. May mgaSALA pa ngana under sa DENR. May sugatang sentiment ng tribo and it was a challenge how we are able to 519 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG keep up with that, Hindi langyuneffort ng DENR because everybody worked together. If hindiaayosinangMt. Kitanglad, what are we going to do with other mountains. This is our homecourt. We have a mandate to connect two other tribes. What we’re doing right now is to replicate it to Mt. Kalatungan. We have experts in Mt. Kitanglad at kinakausapnilaang tribal leaders ng Kalatungan. They are sharing information. Higaonon territories are also being connected. We have a tribal congress and we are replicating the model. Every year may Kitanglad Guard Volunteer (KGV) annual summit. It’s a summit of the leaders of mountains but we don’t only promote the mountain, we also promote culture. If napoprotectahananggubat, you can be sure namay Indigenous People (IP) or tribe pa na active doon. You would be amazed how governance is active saforest. In some projects, if it’s not culture sensitive, we try to bridge it. In the intervention of the Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN), pinapaintindinamin. We are looking at social relationships. We make sure the tribes will not burn the forest, we document how they love the forest and we strengthen their culture. Not because it’s an IPAS but because it’s the tribe’s territory. We don’t want that the culture aspect be missing. Sa tulong ng B+WISER, hopefully by 6 months mape-present nanaming yung unification and documentation ng unwritten laws ng IP’s natin. On top of our goals is may singit. It is the life of Mt. Kitanglad. That’s the value-added of B+WISER to us. 3d. It’s their replication and what makes them thick kasi may office siladito. In another one or two years, ma re-realize nila kung anoangkulang. Yung mga KGV’s namin, may trainings nasila. Yung tawagnamin, refresher course. May KGV’s kami na first generation pa. Ang volunteerism nila is rooted from the family kasi tribal eh. Management is also the key value. Volunteerism is very active. Plan sana naming for them is to increase sana yung350 pesos nilana honorarium. We’re trying to build a trust fund on doing ecosystem and environmental services. PatisaPayment for Environmental Services (PES) system, it’s trying to bring in the companies. Sa aminkasi, parangnagiginghold-upang setup. Sabisatribo, kung meronkangibibigay with your heart and with sincerity, it’s enough kasi para langsa ritual langnilanapupuntayun. Yung 200- 500 pesos a month is enough nasakanila. Rewards for ecosystem services pwedenasiyang compensation.Yung companieskasi, they don’t like to be a charity. They give help as socio-economic programs. How we diversity the modalities. Among all the Protected Areas, kami palangyung mag 20 years na eh. Hindi lang monopolized ng B+WISER, perothey are able to see saannila ma e-enhance yungPay Management so it will be able to keep up with the functions as well as the seminars with the mayors, seminars sa PAMB and the elders 3e. Yes, as far as I know 520 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG 3f. I have a wish list channeled to the consultants of B+WISER. This is because since they came in, we cooperated with whatever they wanted to implement. We are trying to build a school of PAMB that is an ecological structure. Hindi napondo ng KIN yan, from LGU and PAMBna.Also, yung KGV’s namin, bukodnanapa-improve nilaang biodiversity, sanamagkaroon ng interface mechanism from US and KGV para may kind of exchange learning. Gusto komalagay to the max ang experience ng KGV’s. Magandaang forest management ng US kaya gusto komashareniladito. Meronnamantayong effective tracker for eagle. Merontayongmga KGV’snahindinatatakotkahit maybarilangkaharap. The tracking and protection area is nag enhance narin. Wala pa ganisweldoang KGV’s natin, nagbabantaylangsilasagubatdahillangmahalnilaang Mt. Kitanglad. May system dapat. If we want to model the Philippines, edimaglagaytayosaKitanglad. Maglagaytayo ng park management service and PES school. If ma ca-capture nilayung wish list namin, they don’t look much but they have influence. They should arm up our KGV’s with the learning from the park rangers from US. Pagpumupunta kamisa Palawan, we don’t pay in St Paul kasi park to park. We have many data in Kitanglad. Yung PAMBnaman, alamnamannatinna more on resolutionssila. Imagine kung may PAMB school tayo. Hindi nanilaneed na mag 20 years sila with what they do. May partner na din namantayo with the academe. Other thing, yungTALAMA Trust Fund, our PES. This is not IPAC. Either yungbata, grade schooler, pwedecyangmahulogsa TALAMA. I promised them nadadagdaganko yang honorarium nila ng 1,000 pesos per month. TALAMA will have something like 400,000 per month or 2.8M per year. After their report sa park culture, they can get their 1,000 pesos thru the ATM per month. Pero look at the Filipino attitude, wala pang nag start. Yung 15 thousand pesos to open the TALAMA account is with the help of KIN kasi we have a role for financing. Yung role ng B+WISER ay angpag promote nilanung TALAMA which will be cultural. Pwedenatayomag tayo ng tribal clinics and tribal foundation for scholars. Before the end of project, they also have to punla the seeds. Aside from the technical assistance, may iiwanansanasilang legacy like PAMB school which will be the first in the Philippines. Yung cross learning din ng park rangers and KGV’s here and the TALAMA fund. Yung PAMB school for Kitangladnagagawinay magkakaroon ng curriculum made by education experts. While nagle-learn ka ng PASu tasks, the logo with all the universities who are involved along with the USAID logois meron din. Points from Datu(Insert name here) For the tribe, Mt. Kitangladis really a sacred place.Mura nah cyagsyudadsamgalumad. Since 1992, naduhanaangdagwaysa Mt. Kitanglad- as Ancestral Territory and nahimopudsiyanga protected area sa state. So it’s an ancestral domain, a sacred area as well as a Protected Area all at the same time. While us in the Kitanglad Integrated 521 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG NGO’s(KIN), we are the ones that strengthen the environmental aspect but we give priority to our tribes. Ang KIN ga function para sa governance samgatribo para magpabilinangilang culture. Walaybukidnga intact ang resources kung walaytribo. Moa na among observation. In KIN, we take care of the tribes and their culture. Mao nang among focus. NangalagapudangKIN samgadilimakita. Tananubanngasectors and stake holders, ilang concern maoang material things. Nasa physicalilang focus. Mao kami sa KIN, nag-alaga misamga supernatural. Ang B+WISER, walasilay new ngagi produce. Ila langgi enhance and assist mi. Gifundingannilaangresearch for the tribe. Kung ma fully technically capable naang among KGV’s, possible nga ma-detach nisila. Since daghanna man IP’sgyudnga KGV’s, ma detach silasa Council of Elders. Ma bungkagtungodsaB+WISER ang governance satribo. If walanilagi fundang research for the tribe’s culture, ma ingonnakonga failure angilangproject kay risk silasa governance sa tribe. Particular silasa carbon accounting. Sa hisgothisgotsaCoulcil of Elders, mahimosiyang threat kung di nilamaayopagka explain. There are questions like Kinsaangnanag-iyasa carbon? Kinsaang rightful owner? Ang state baor ang tribe? Need nilapud nah ngabantayan. Ang gains naay risks. Magandayung gains peronaaapakanmoyung tribe because some of their concepts cannot be understood. Yung Council of Elders anguna naming pinapaintindikasiwalangnagfefeedbackang B+WISERsa community. Magandanayung reputation ng Mt. Kitanglad, pero kung hindinila ma-e-explain yan ng mabuti, babaliktayosa conflict phase. May trust nakasingnabuo. Malaki cyan na risk actually. Concerned silasa project nila din. Tuloytuloysila mag carbon accounting and with the high maturity of the tribe, they cannot allow it lalonamgaputiyung mag a-account. AngB+WISER din,walasilamasyadotiwalasa KIN. Pre-empt nilayung research nila. Yung research nilais pioneering . We cannot answer B+WISER immediately namankasi we are waiting for the tribes at kung anongsabi ng mga spiritssa rituals. Nag woworry dinsiDatuMakapukawkasi per segment yungparaan ng pagbabayad. Hndimaintindihan ng tribesyungmga tranches. Dili man gudniparehasauban funders ngatuloytuloyang funding.Nanibagolang kami kasisa 2.3 million pesos, ang 400 thousand nun eh silayungbumuli ng equipment and by tranch. Fortunate talagasilanafinafundingannilaang gusto ng tribes. Value addedlangsila. Or else, taposnayungproject niladito. Butinalang may ginawasila para ma capture ang trust and sentiment ng tribe for their culture. Yung exhange of information of scientists regarding climate nadili ma address sa science, gakabutang nah cyasa spiritual nga side. 522 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG 3a. B+WISER reinforces what we do. When B+WISER came in, Kitanglad is already receiving many awards. It is considered value-added because we already have the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB). It is already running so we cannot immediately contribute it to the B+WISER. B+WISER only connects everything. The regular meetings, we’re unable to do that before. B+WISER made it possible. Other than the Aldaw ta Kitanglad, there’s no way to get the Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV) altogether. When we used to have resources before, we used to meet 2-3 times a year. It was more frequent so the concerns of the barangay were addressed immediately. With B+WISER coming in, we have the resource to get them out together. But for the cultural aspect, it has not been repeated yet. With B+WISER, we now have a research about the tribes. If you can really capture the feelings of the tribe. Because they already have their own management, they have their resilient economy, there’s no more forest destruction, but they don’t have so much for their culture there. We have to put a ground for that. We have to make sure that the management will check for the tribal aspect. It took a long time to take them to say yes. It took them too long to say yes to something that is in line with their goal. Forsa USAID requirements, for us in the Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN), we are just a very practical sense of NGO. If there are things that are hard to comply and will take time for us to comply, we do not continue anymore. This is because this is not a solicited project. It was B+WISER who approached us. If the Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN) is not around, it will be the tribe that would handle it but it’s us, the KIN who’s being trusted by the NGO because from the start, we’re the ones organizing. This is different from PAMB, this is different from DENR. Are they culture sensitive? Just like the Mt. Apo site, they cross visit here to learn and see the relationship of the tribe and see how the park management work well with the tribes. 3b. As executive director, I talk with CHEMONICS, I talk to the executives. I look at other projects that sustain and complement our work here in Kitanglad. So my involvement really is more on negotiation. 3c. They provide technical monitoring that complements what we do. We have a system setup and because of the interventions and assistance of the experts, our tasks are being articulated to the sites of Kitanglad and it continues to mature as a managed Protected Area. Mt. Kitanglad is a role model Protected Area. Our relationship went through conflict between the tribe and the government. There were even SALAunder DENR. The tribe has its hurts and sentiments and it was a challenge how we are able to keep up with that, and it’s not only the efforts from DENR because everybody worked together. If we won’t put Mt. Kitanglad in order, what are we going to do with other mountains? This is our home court. We have a mandate to connect two other tribes. What we’re doing right now is to replicate it to Mt. Kalatungan. We have experts in Mt. Kitanglad and they are discussing with the tribal leaders 523 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG ofKalatungan. They are sharing information. Higaonon territories are also being connected. We have a tribal congress and we are replicating the model. Every year, we haveKitanglad Guard Volunteer (KGV) annual summit. It’s a summit of the leaders of mountains but we don’t only promote the mountain, we also promote culture. If a forest is being protected, you can be sure that there are Indigenous People (IP) or tribesthat are active in that forest. You would be amazed how governance is active in the forest. In some projects, if it’s not culture sensitive, we try to bridge it. In the intervention of the Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN), we make them understand. We are looking at social relationships. We make sure the tribes will not burn the forest, we document how they love the forest and we strengthen their culture. Not because it’s an IPAS but because it’s the tribe’s territory. We don’t want that the culture aspect be missing. With the aid of B+WISER, hopefully by 6 months we will be able to present the unification and documentation of the unwritten laws of our IP’s. On top of our goals is an add-on. It is the life of Mt. Kitanglad. That’s the value-added of B+WISER to us. 3d. It’s their replication and what makes them thick is because they have their office here. In one or two years, they will realize what is lacking. Our KGV’s have trainings which we call refresher courses. We still even have first generation KGV’ serving Kitanglad up until now. Their volunteerism is rooted from the family due to their tribal culture. Management is also the key value. Volunteerism is very active. We actually plan for their monthly honorarium of 350 pesos to increase. We’re trying to build a trust fund on doing ecosystem and environmental services. With the Payment for Environmental Services (PES) system, it’s trying to bring in the companies. For us, the set-up almost seem like a stick-up/ hold-up. The tribe says, if you give them something with your heart and with sincerity, it’s already enough because anyway it will only be spent for their rituals. 200-500 pesos a month is enough for them already. Rewards for ecosystem services is almost enough for compensation. The companies, they don’t like to be a charity. They give help as socio-economic programs. How we diversity the modalities. Among all the Protected Areas, we’re the only one to reach its 20th year. But that’s not being monopolized by B+WISER, but they are able to see where they can enhance the Pay Management so it will be able to keep up with the functions as well as the seminars with the mayors, seminars sa PAMB and the elders 3f. I have a wish list channeled to the consultants of B+WISER. This is because since they came in, we cooperated with whatever they wanted to implement. We are trying to build a school of PAMB that is an ecological structure. This will not be funded KIN anymore but from the LGU and the PAMB. Also, for our KGV’s, aside from their efforts for the improvement of our biodiversity, I hope there will be an interface mechanism between the US Park Rangers and our KGV’s so there will be some kind of exchange learning. I want our KGV’s experience to be on the max level. The US has a very good forest management that’s why I would like them to share it here. We already have an effective tracker for our eagle. We have KGVs that 524 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG are not afraid of people with guns in front of them. The tracking and protection area is now enhanced. Our KGV’s don’t even receive salary and they only protect the forest because of their love for Mt Kitanglad. There should be a system. If we want to model the Philippines, then they should put a system in Mt.Kitanglad. Let’s put park management service and PES school. If they can capture our wish list, though they don’t look much but they have influence. They should arm up our KGV’s with the learning from the park rangers from US. Whenever we visit Palawan, we don’t pay in St Paul because it’s a park to park visit. We have many data in Kitanglad. For the PAMB, we already know that they are more on resolutions. Imagine if we put up a PAMB school. They won’t need twenty years to master what they do. We have partner academes. Other thing, the TALAMA Trust Fund, our PES. This is not IPAC. Either the children, a grade schooler can put something in the TALAMA. I promised them that I will increase their honorarium with an additional 1,000 pesos per month. TALAMA will then have something like 400,000 per month or 2.8M per year. After their report for park culture, they can get their 1,000 pesos thru the ATM per month. But look at the Filipino attitude, nobody has started yet. The 15 thousand pesos to open the TALAMA account is with the help of KIN because we have a role for financing. B+WISER’s role if forpromoting TALAMA which will be cultural. We can then build tribal clinics and tribal foundation for scholars. Before the end of project, they also have to “punla” the seeds. Aside from the technical assistance, it’s best that they leave a lasting legacy the PAMB school which will be the first in the Philippines. The cross learning of the US park rangers and KGV’s here and the TALAMA fund. The PAMB school for Kitangladwill have a curriculum made by education experts. While you’re learning the PASu tasks, the logo with all the universities who are involved along with the USAID logo is also there. Points from Datu(Insert name here) “For the tribe, Mt. Kitanglad is really a sacred place. It’s like a city of the IP’s. Since 1992, Mt. Kitanglad had two labels- as Ancestral Territory and also became a Protected Area of the state. So it’s an ancestral domain, a sacred area as well as a Protected Area all at the same time. While us in the Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN), we are the ones that strengthen the environmental aspect but we give priority to our tribes. The function of the KIN is for the governance of the tribes for the preservation of their culture.There isn’t a mountain with intact resources without tribes inhibiting the area. That is our observation. In KIN, we take care of the tribes and their culture. That is our focus. KIN also protects whose that cannot be seen with the naked eye. All the other sectors and stake holders, their only concern is with material things. They only focus on the physical. So that’s why in KIN, we protect the supernatural. The B+WISER did not produce anything new. They only enhanced what’s already there and assisted us. The funded the research for the tribes. Once our KGV’s will be fully technically capable, since the KGV’s are mostly IP’s, there’s a possibility that they’ll be detached from the 525 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG Council of Elders. The governance of the tribe will tear apart. If they were not able to fund the research for the tribe’s culture, I can say that their project is considered Failure because they are a risk to the tribe’s governance. They are particular with carbon accounting. With the discussion of the Council of Elders, it will become a threat if they won’t be able to explain it well. There are questions like Who owns the carbon? Who are the rightful owners? The state or the tribe? They should also be mindful with that The gains have risks. The gains are good but the tribes are being stepped into because some of the concepts cannot be understood. The Council of Elders are the first ones we make sure to understand because B+WISER do not give feedback to the community. Mt. Kitanglad already has an exemplary reputation but if they won’t be able to explain it well, we will come back to the conflict phase. Trust has already been developed. It’s actually a big risk. They’re concerned with their project and they’re continuing with their carbon accounting and with the high maturity of the tribe, they cannot allow it especially if it’s the westerners (white people) doing the accounting Also, the B+WISER don’t have enough trust with the KIN. Their research is re-empt. Their research is pioneering. The problem is, we cannot answer B+WISER immediately especially if we are still waiting for the tribes and what the spirits will have to say during their rituals. DatuMakapukaw is also worried because their mode of payment is per segment. The tribes do not fully understand the tranches. This is not the same with other funders where it’s a continuous mode of funding. It’s new to us when for the 2.3 million pesos, they used 400 thousand pesos of that amount because they’re the ones who bought the equipment and by tranch They are really fortunate that they were able to fund what the tribes want. They’re (B+WISER) only value added. If they didn’t fund it, this project would have ended sooner. Good thing they were able to do something to capture the trust and sentiment of the tribes for their culture. The exchange of information of scientists regarding climate that cannot be addressed by Science, it falls to the spiritual side.” 4 What training/capacity building attended by you and other members/populace relative to NRM and environmental and forest, watershed PA management? 4a What did you learn from this training? 4b No response. 526 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG Who sponsored/supported the training? 5. What is the main economic activity of member/populace? 5. Farming. Last time, we invested 7.3 million grants. Each of the PO’s received 100 thousand pesos until 2002. When we cameback 2015, they were telling us buhay paang coffee at yung7 cows naging 40 cows na. Hindi langsiyanaaccount. That’s what we’re trying to do here in KIN. That’s from the World Bank. Wala kasing livelihood itong B+WISER. 5. Farming. Last time, we invested 7.3 million grants. Each of the PO’s received 100 thousand pesos until 2002. When we came back 2015, they were telling us that the coffee is still there, and that the 7 cows before increased to 40 cows now. It’s just that, it has not been accounted. That’s what we’re trying to do here in KIN. That’s from the World Bank. B+WISER doesn’t have livelihood projects put in place yet. 6. Do you have an enforcement plan? 6a. Who formulated the enforcement plan? 6b. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement plan? 6c. What is the composition of your enforcers or bantaygubat? How many men? How many women? How many IPs? 6d. Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your enforcers? How? And who provide and where these resource coming from? 6e. What were the effects of increased enforcement efforts on extent of compliance by resource users? Was there a reduction in number of threats and violations? 6 Yes. 6a. Hindi tumitigil yung isip namin. Kung anong legacy namin na natukod nasa Kitanglad, we will continue. There are needs ng mga tribo na hindi nakikita ng gobyerno. Hindi naguusap ang Council of Elders ng Kalatungan kasiwala silang B+WISER. Wala silang regular meetings. Tinitingnan na min yung well-being ng Mt. Kitangladkasi when we come to other PA’s and we talk about Mt. Kitanglad, we earn respect. It’s a spiritual site. Kaya maramikaming ritualists. Yung PAMB school naman is for everybody, yung learning of KGV’s and the Park Rangers is also for everybody. The TALAMA fund will be for the tribe. Mag wo-work ang multi sectoral. Kahit may project kami or wala, we do consultancy to the tribe of Kalatungan. I also have consultancy to other 5 areas but I bring in the stories of Kitanglad. Good things happen here, we bring it as stories para maging role model 6c. We have more than 400 Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV) plus elders. Our KGV’s are composed of 90% Indigenous Peoples, the remaining percentage naman are tenured migrants and meron ding women. Yung KGV kasi, under the dictum ng DENR. Yung Tribal Guards naman are under the chieftains. Lahat ng KGV’s and the elders janyungnaka I.D. We have a 73 year old KGV who is the oldest protector ng gubat. We also have a 92 year old ritualist. The Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV) was organized by thKitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN) and the Protected Area Superintendent (PASu). Its composition is a mixture of tenure migrants and tribes. Pag organize namo saila, Cultural Tribal Guards pa nah sila. Supposedly, ang mag alaga saiya ng pagka ancestral area is ang Cultural 527 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG Guards. Pero naa naman tenure migrants nga gusto pudmangalagasa forest so amo sila ngginatawag nga Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV), though majority langang Cultural Guards sa ilang group. Duna sad Council of Elders angtribonganaay 7 institutions. Naay sa ByLaws, naay sa religious, arbitrators nga para saiyang justice system, naay economists, naay herbalists ug mga medicine experts, naasilay Tribal Guards, apilang youth ugang women. For the Council of Elders, naadiha ang structure sa governance sa tribe. Mt. Kitanglad is an ancestral territory. Naayga manage saiyanga Council of Elders, naapudang PAMB saiyang protected area. Both the Council of Elders and the PAMB are partners. Walay decision ang PAMB ngadili mu agisa consultation sa Council of Elders 6e. Sa mgaschools, pumapasok nasa mind ng mgabata or samganasa school kasialam nila na merong Mt.Kitanglad and merong lawin. Aware nasilanamerong eagle na pinoprotect. Makikita mo ang conservation kasimalakiang expectation ng mga tao sa Mt. Kitanglad. Kung may mangyayaring masama, they blame the PASu and the PENRO. When there was a bombing in 2012, maraming namatay. Gumawa ng ritual angtribo. Lumabas sa ritual na mga nasa army ang mga namomba. Nag sorry sila sa tribo pero ang pinambayad lang nila satribo is isangbaboy at dalawang manok. The violators bombed the forest but when the tribe was asked what happened, they can only say nanahulogan sila ng thermos. Hindi nila alam na bombana yung nahulog. May Park Management tayo, yung government natin, they keep bombing Mt. Kitanglad because may nakitasilang1 or 3 NPA’s. 6a. Our minds do not cease to think. Whatever legacy we have built here in Kitanglad, we will continue. There are needs of the tribes that our government fails to see.The Council of Elders in Kalatungan do not discuss things because they don’t have B+WISER. They don’t have regular meetings. We are looking at the well-being of Mt Kitanglad because when we come to other PA’s and we talk about Mt. Kitanglad, we earn respect. It’s a spiritual site. That’s why we have many ritualists. The PAMB school is for everybody. The learning of the KGV’s and the Park Rangers is also for everybody. However, the TALAMA fund will only be for the tribe. The multi sectoral system will work. Though we will or we won’t have projects, we do consultancy to the tribe of Kalatungan. I also have consultancy to other 5 areas but I bring in the stories of Kitanglad. Good things happen here and we bring it as stories to become a role model PA” 6c. We have more than 400 Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV) plus elders. Our KGV’s are composed of 90% Indigenous Peoples, the remaining percentage are tenured migrants and we also have women. The KGV is under the dictum of DENR. The Tribal Guards areare under the chieftains. All of our KGV’s and the elders have I.D’s. We have a 73 year old KGV who is the oldest protector of our forest. We also have a 92 year old ritualist. 528 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG The Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV) was organized by theKitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN) and the Protected Area Superintendent (PASu). Its composition is a mixture of tenure migrants and tribes. When we organized them, they were still called Cultural Tribal Guards. Supposedly, those who are tasked to protect it as an ancestral area are the Cultural Guards. But we had tenure migrants that expressed their interest in forest protection so we then renamed them as Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV), though majority of the group are Cultural Guards. The tribe also has this Council of Elders that has 7 institutions. They have Bylaws, there are religious, arbitrators for their justice system, there are economists, there are herbalists and medicine experts, they also have Tribal Guards, including the youth and the women. For the Council of Elders, that’s where you can fine the tribe’s structure of governance. Mt. Kitanglad is an ancestral territory. The Council of Elders manages it, there’s also the PAMB for its Protected Area aspect. Both the Council of Elders and the PAMB are partners. The PAMB won’t make decision that won’t go through consultation from the Council of Elders” 6e. Children in schools know that there is Mt. Kitanglad and they also know that there’s an eagle. They are aware that we have eagles that are being protected. You can see the conservation because people expect a lot from Mt. Kitanglad. Whenever something bad happens, they blame the PASu and PENRO. When there was a bombing in 2012, many were killed. The tribe had a ritual. It was seen in the ritual that someone in the army made the bombing. They apologized to the tribe and they were paid with a pig and 2 chicken. The violators bombed the forest but when the tribe was asked what happened, they can only say they a “thermos” fell. They did not know that it was a bomb. We have Park Management, our government keeps on bombing Mt. Kitanglad just because they saw 1 or 3 NPA’s. 7. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as officials/leaders or officers of your office/institutions or of your municipality or barangay, and communities relative to forest and watershed and PA management in your area? 7. Imagine, may 3 eggs kalang nai-o-offer sa tribo to buy a patch of land, you can build a house in an area. So there’s an injustice there in the economic side and the well-being of the people inside the Kitanglad protected areas. Hopefully by next year, lalabas na yung income profile. For now kasi, we have known that the areas that produce high value crops earn only 2,500 pesos per month as the highest. Isn’t that ironic? Maraming businesses na nasa area ng tribe nilalagay pero anong nakukuha ng tribe from the business? Also, DENR is now putting Lean-and-Mean sa staff. They are taking the experts. Okay lang sana Lean-and-Mean but atleast ang naiwan sana eh yung specialized pero tinanggal pa nila. Part of the big investments is ayusin ang Cinchona Forest Reserve and yung PAMB school. That’s a tall order of wishes nas anamatulungan nila. Itong B+WISER, ito lang ang project namin for now para ma pour out namin yung purpose namin. Iba yung system nila actually. Wala kaming back-up funds for this. We’re committed to finish this one. We are happy with the information that is being shared to us. Pinakamaramina naming tinatanggapsabaysabay is 2-3 projects. Maramina 529 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG rin kasi kaming volunteers and we somewhat have financial sustainability. Many people have high expectations with KIN. Tingin nga namin ito ang life-long namin na service. For our requirements sa SEC and BIR, we pay even if wala pa kaming funding. Ang impression ng mgataosa KIN is yun talaga, that we serve the tribe may project man or wala. That is my pride din to the family especiallyto the kids 7. Imagine, if you have 3 eggs to give to the tribe to buy a patch of land, you can build a house in the area. So there’s an injustice there in the economic side and the well-being of the people inside the Kitanglad protected areas. Hopefully by next year, our economic profile will be released. Because as of now, we have known that the areas that produce high value crops can only earn 2,500 pesos per month. Isn’t that ironic? There are many businesses in the area but what does the tribe get from those businesses? Also, DENR is now putting Lean-and￾Meanstaffing. They are taking the experts out. Lean-and-Mean is okay but atleast if those who are specialized in specific fields will be retained but they moved them out from our office to new positions and new locations. Part of the big investments is to restore the Cinchona Forest Reserve and the PAMB school. That’s a tall order of wishes they hope they can help them. “The B+WISER is the only project we have for now so that we can pour out our purpose. Their system is different, actually. We don’t have back-up funds for this. We’re committed to finish this one. We are happy with the information that is being shared to us. The highest number of projects we accept simultaneously is 2-3 projects. We have many volunteers and we somewhat have financial sustainability. Many people have high expectation with KIN. We see this as a life-long service. We pay for our requirements in SEC and BIR even there is no funding. The impression of the people to KIN is that we serve the tribe, even if there’s a project or none. That is also our pride to the family especially to the kids.” 8. Does the municipality or barangay/ your office have regular budget for environmental and forest management? 8a How much is the budget allocated per year 8. Walang budget yung resource mobilizationperonagagawannarinnamin ng paraan. May cross visits din kamingginagawa.We had a PAMB cross visit twice this year. We made it happen kahitnahindinacyakasamasa work plan naming. I tapped with resources kaya nakaalisyung 20 mayors. But that’s not from the KIN’s funds. They’re from resources. May isa pa nganglakad related to PAMB learning pero van langangsinagot ng B+WISER. We do cross visits kasimany organizations look at landscape level, not only in Mt. Kitanglad alone but including the relationship of the tribes and how we bridge them to the government and the integrity ng bawatisa. 8. There is no budget for resource mobilization but we find ways. We also do cross visits. We had a PAMB cross visit twice this year. We made it happen even though it’s not included in our work plan. I tapped with other resources, that’s why 20 mayors were able to attend. But that’s not from KIN’s funds. They’re from resources. There is also one event related to PAMB 530 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG learning but it’s only the van rental expense that was shouldered by the B+WISER as their support.We do cross visits since many organizations look at landscape level, not only in Mt. Kitanglad alone but including the relationship of the tribes and how we bridge them to the government and the integrity of each one.” 9. What policies, laws, and ordinances for environmental and forest management as well as enforcement were passed in your municipalities and Barangays to prevent threats and illegal activities (e.g.cutting of trees) 9. We have PAMB resolutions. We have cultural resolutions that are also being documented. 10. Are there enterprise/livelihood activities initiated by B+WISER in the community? 10a. What are these enterprise/livelihood activities? 10c. What is the participation of women in this enterprise/livelihood activities? 10d. What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? 10e. Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? 10f. What are these training? Were there women participants in the training? How many women? 10. Wala pa. We don’t have livelihood projects from B+WISER What are the livelihood projects present in the community that are not from B+WISER? Sa karon, naayNon Destructive Livelihood Assistance (NDLA) which we regulate. Daghan man gasulod. Mgaginagmayngahatagsamga stake holders like nurseries. Daghan man diri private sectors and private stake holders. AngHOLCIM Corporation pudgahatagang livelihood in ways of reforestation. Ginasuholannila ng mgataosapagpananomugkahoy. Ga enhance siyasaatong forest 10. Not yet. We still don’t have livelihood projects from B+WISER.” As of now, there is Non Destructive Livelihood Assistance (NDLA) which we regulate. There are many offers. There are little projects given by our stake holders like nurseries. There are many private sectors and private stake holders. HOLCIM Corporation also gives livelihood in a way of reforestation. It gives money to people who plant trees. It enhances our forest. 11. Do you or your barangay have forged partnership with private or public entities related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management? 11a. What are these partnership (explain)? 11b. Who are involved? 11c. Do you have MOU/MOA/Contract for this partnership? 11d. Do you think this partnership beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. 11. Yes 11a. Ang HOLCIM Corporation pudgahatagang livelihood in ways of reforestation. Gina suholannila ng mgataosapagpananomugkahoy. What is the setup of your partnership with B+WISER? Partner gyudsaKitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN) ang LGU, DENR and ang tribes. Next nadayonang B+WISER 11b. Holcim Corporation and the people in the community 11c. Yes 531 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS DENR TWG 11d. Ga enhance siyasaatong forest 11a. HOLCIM Corporation also gives livelihood in a way of reforestation. It gives money to people who plant trees.” “The partners of Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN) are the LGU, DENR and the tribes. And next is the B+WISER.” 532 3. IPAS Name: Wendel Vecido Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Community (or Office): Forest Extension Officer Agency / Office: IPAS Name of Forest Reserved / Watershed Protected Area / Natural Park: MKRNP Province: Bukidnon Municipality: Malaybalay Others: Date of Interview: November 16, 2105 Place of Interview: Time Started: 6:00 PM Time Ended: 7:00 PM Main Occupation or Economic Activity of Key Informant: Forest Extension Officer GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSE 1. What is the present status of your forest area? 1. Intact pa angsa protected area. Naaymga patches ang secondary forest located at buffer zone. All protected area including buffer zone covering 47 hectares. Pero katong patches is na reforest na pod nasa NGP. Angkatong patches area wala pa gyodna identify kung pila gyodka hectares, angna identify lang kay katonggi reforest sa NGP. Nagsugodang NGP project since 2011 up to 2016 1. The protected area is still intact. Secondary forest has patches located at buffer zone area but portion of it was reforested by NGP. Protected area has a total number of 47 hectares including the buffer zone. Patches is not yet identified as to the wide area, only those with NGP intervention. It was started since 2011 up to 2016. 2 . Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? 2. Ang office namoga conduct ug IEC sa community (all barangays ngasakoppsaKitanglad). 2a. Wala kaayokoy update ani kay angakong focus is ang implementation sa NGP. 2b. Some areas of mt.Kitanglad, devastated kaayo due to bagyong Pablo. Pero karon is nag regenerate naugbalik. Ga established mi ug fire lines saatong KGVs within the buffer zone only to prevent fire occurrence. 2. Our office has been conducting IEC to the community. (All barangays under Mt. Kitanglad jurisdiction). 2a. I have no update about the detailed information of this because my focus is only in NGP 533 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSE implementation. 2b. Some areas of Mt. Kitanglad were greatly devastated because oftyphoon Pablo. But it’s regenerated now. We’re establishing fire lines to our KGVs, but within buffer zone only to prevent fire occurrence. 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management program] 3. Some areas of mt.Kitanglad, devastated kaayo due to bagyong Pablo. Pero karon is nag regenerate naugbalik. Ga established mi ug fire lines saatong KGVs within the buffer zone only to prevent fire occurrence. 3. Some areas of Mt. Kitanglad were greatly devastated because oftyphoon Pablo. But it’s regenerated now. We’re establishing fire lines to our KGVs, but within buffer zone only to prevent fire occurrence. 3. Have you heard of B+WISER project? For Yes, ask: 3a. What do you know of B+WISER project? 3b. What is your participation/involvement in B+WISER Project? 3c. What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. 3d. What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? For No, Ask: 3d. Have you heard of KGV or LAWIN? 3e. What is your participation/involvement in this activity? 3f. What benefits did you or your community derived from this activity? 3 & 3a. Yes. Kay ang IPAS ang B+WISER is partner. Specific partnership namo between them is kining smart LAWIN. KGVs were provided tablet for conducting patrolling using this application (Smart LAWIN). 3b. Angstaff sa IPAS Kitangladmaoangmo assist saatongmga KGVs. All seminars and trainings for Smart LAWIN, naagyoy representative gikansa IPAS. In my part, 3 times nakonaka assist saakong area (Libona, Manolo &Baungon). 3c. Kung mag meeting ang IPAS and B+WISER, kasagarandilimaapilang FEO. Angnahataglangsa B+WISER is training for ELE (Environmental Law Enforcement) nganahatagnisamga KGVs. B+WISER project focusing only on KGVs. 3d. Dakogyodsiyaugtabang as to protecting mt.Kitanglad. Sa Philippines, 7 sites langangnaay intervention sa B+WISER. During “ALDAO TA KITANGLAD” naghatagang B+WISER ug medical mission, botas and raincoat para magamitsa patrolling sa KGVs. Angpinakadakonganatabangsa B+WISER to KGVs is ang trainings. 3e & 3f. Wala koymasulti kay angakong focus, naakosa field most of the time. Kung mahimo, tanang staff nga involved samt.Kitanglad, makaapilgyoduntaaninga trainings. Kay parehasaakaoa, angnaapilanlanggyodnakonga trainings from B+WISER is katolanggyongsa Smart Lawin( 3 times) and ELE( once). Angubanganinga FEO kay wala pa gyodnakaapilananga trainings. 534 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSE 3 & 3a. Yes. IPAS and B+WISER are partners. Our specific partnership with them is the Smart LAWIN (application installed in a tablet). KGVs were provided tablet to conductpatrolling using this application. 3b. IPAS Kitanglad’s staff assist our KGVs. There’s always a representative from IPAS when seminars and trainings are conducted for Smart LAWIN. In my part, I assisted my area (Libona, Manolo, Baungon) for three times. 3c. If there’s a meeting being conducted by IPAS & B+WISER, FEO were not there most of the time. The intervention of B+WISER given to KGVs is only trainings for ELE. Their project is focusing only on KGVs. 3d. It is a big help as to protecting Mt. Kitanglad. In the Philippines, only 7 sites has B+WISER intervention. B+WISER provided medical mission, boots, and raincoat for KGV’s patrolling. The most significant assistance that the B+WISER has given to KGVs is technical (trainings and seminars). 3e & 3f. I have nothing to say because I am in the field most of the time. However, if possible, all those involved in Mt. Kitanglad should take part in all these trainings. I, on my part, was only able to join Smart Lawin (3 times) and ELE(once) training from B+WISER. In addition to this, some FEO staff had not even joined any trainings. 4 What training/capacity building attended by you and other members/populace relative to NRM and environmental and forest, watershed PA management? 4a What did you learn from this training? 4b Who sponsored/supported the training? 4. Smart LAWIN from B+WISER ( 3 times) and ELE ( Environmental Law Enforcement), once 4a. Mapadaliang among paghimosa report kay naa man didtonaka save angmga gathered data. But saa part sa KGVs, dili pa gyodkaaayosilamakabalomogamitato kay 1st time pa silanganakagamit. Lisodsa part pod sa KGVs, kay kasgarasaila kay lumad, unya English ang application, maglisodsilaug operate, maongnaa mi nga moa assist saila. Sa ELE pod, didto pa kokabalosa time nganaka attend kosa seminar ngaingonanadiaynga mag balaodngagina impose samt.Kitanglad. So, pwedenanga kami (FEO) angmo inform sa community about sa rules and regulations samt.Kitanglad. Compare saunangawala pa konaka attend ug ELE, angakong focus is sa survey langug mapping. 4b. B+WISER ( technical and financial assistance) IPAS (manpower) 4a. The making of report will be simpler because the gathered data were saved there. But, on the part of the KGVs, they are still not familiar with how to use it since it is their first experience in using it. It is also difficult on their part to operate it since most 535 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSE of them are natives and the application is in English. So, we assist them in doing this. In the ELE trainings, I had learned for the first time the laws implemented in Mt. Kitanglad. So we (FEO) can now inform the community about the rules and regulations of Mt. Kitanglad. Before, I was only focused on surveys and mapping. 5 What is the main economic activity of member/populace? 5. Gardening, farming and some areas is nakasulodnagyodsa buffer zone. Unya kay naa nana silasawala pa ang IPAS. Busadilinasilapwedemapahawa. Hatagannalangsilaug livelihood didto (reforestation activities provided by DENR). Katong existing farm area nilanganakasulodnasa buffer zone, dilinasilapwedemo expand. Gardening, farming and some areas have already entered the buffer zone. They were there even before IPAS, so they can no longer leave. They are just given livelihood there (reforestation activities provided by DENR). Those existing farm area they own that entered the buffer zone cannot expand anymore. 6 Do you have an enforcement plan? 6a Who formulated the enforcement plan? 6b Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement plan? 6c What is the composition of your enforcers or bantaygubat? How many men? How many women? How many IPs? 6d Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your enforcers? How? And who provide and where these resource coming from? 6e What were the effects of increased enforcement efforts on extent of compliance by resource users? Was there a reduction in number of threats and violations? 6. Yes 6a. Existing nana daannga enforcement plan. 6b. Pag-abotsa B+WISER is enhancement/strengthening nalangangilanggihimo. Technical assistance angilangnahatag. 6c. Per barangay, naagyoy KGVs. Unyatagadihara pod nga barangay ang KGV. Nag compose nasiyasa IP, women, tenured migrants. 6d. Since naa may 7 LGUs and 1 City under mt.Kitanglad. Sa city, 10,000 angginahatag per barangay, unyabahin-bahinonnadayonnasamatag member sa KGV. While sa 7 LGUs, 5,000 per barangay. Siguro, tungodkadakoang IRA sa city maonangdakopod ang honorarium ngamahatag. Example, mag procure ang KGVs para sa patrolling nila? Tap namoang LGU kay wala may budget ang IPAS Kitanglad for that. 6e. Existing gyodang illegal activitiessa protected area sauna. Ugtungod kay na aware naang FEO even ang KGVs tungodsa knowledge nganahatagsa B+WISER, na lessen ang illegal activities. Naanaganiuban area nga zero illegal activities naangna record. Since naa nay occupants within the buffer zone, so dilimalikayannga mag expand silasailang area, angubangani is mag kaingin. So badlongonnila, perobalikansilaughulga. 6a. The enforcement plan already existed even then. 6b. B+WISER only provided enhancement/strengthening. They gave us technical assistance. 6c. There are KGVs in every barangay and the KGV is a resident of that barangay. It is composed of IP, women, and tenured migrants. 536 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSE 6d. There are 7 LGUs and 1 City under Mt. Kitanglad, In the city, 10, 000 are given per barangay, and then it is divided by the KGV members.For the 7 LGUs, it is 5,000 per barangay. Maybe the city was given big honorarium because their IRA is also big. For example, if the KGV procures for their patrolling, we tap the LGU since IPAS Kitanglad has no budget for that. 6e. Illegal activities really existed in the protected area before. But it diminished when B+WISER informed FEO and KGV. There are even areas now with zero illegal activities in the record. Since there are now occupants within the buffer zone, so it is unavoidable for them to expand. Some even do “kaingin.” They reprove them, but they are threatened back. 7. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as officials/leaders or officers of your office/institutions or of your municipality or barangay, and communities relative to forest and watershed and PA management in your area? 7. Sa akonga part is focus kosa NGP. So naataymga contractor nga they’re not doing their duties well. Unyasaako pod nga part, physically tires kay every week bayagyodkomosakasa protected area, didtogyodsapinakatoktok. Wala pa na publish sa DENR ngahimoon ng reporting tool ang Smart LAWIN. 7. On my part, I am focusing on NGP. So we have contractors that are not doing their duties well. On my part too, it is physically tiresome because I really have to go up the protected area, at the peakiest point. DENR was not able to publish yet that Smart LAWIN be made as a reporting tool. 8. Does the municipality or barangay/ your office have regular budget for environmental and forest management? 8a. How much is the budget allocated per year 8. Only at the municipal level. 8a. Honorarium of 5,000/barangay/month for 7 LGUs, 10,000/barangay/month for 1 city, depending on the IRA. And it is divided then by the KGV members. 9. What policies, laws, and ordinances for environmental and forest management as well as enforcement were passed in your municipalities and Barangays to prevent threats and illegal activities (e.g.cutting of trees) 9. Forestry code in the Philippines, nadihatananang 78 sections for forest protection (e.gkaingin, illegal occupants, deriving resources from mt.Kitanglad). 9. In the Forestry code of the Philippines, the 78 sections for forest protection are there, e.g., kaingin, illegal occupants, deriving resources from Mt. Kitanglad. 537 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSE 10. Are there enterprise/livelihood activities initiated by B+WISER in the community? 10a. What are these enterprise/livelihood activities? 10c. What is the participation of women in this enterprise/livelihood activities? 10d. What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? 10e. Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? 10f. What are these training? Were there women participants in the training? How many women? None for B+WISER. They have only provided technical assistance for now. 10a. Naay reforestation program from DENR. Para dilinamakuhaanangilang budget (cash) from DENR, ang among office (IPAS) anggahatagug seedlings. Ang system is, ang KGV chief angginahatagannatoug contract, silanadayonang mag implement anasa community. 10,0000/hectare angamogina download sakada KGV, apilnaanaang budget for seedlings, brushing, hole digging or tanan activities for reforestation. Naapoygihatagnga livelihood sa KIN, like naaygipangahatagsa KGVs nga seedlings saabacca, livestock like Kabawug Baka. Tanannganagpuyosa community including pwedemaka participate. There is reforestation program from DENR. So that their budget from DENR will be saved, our office (IPAS) give seedlings. The system goes like this: the KGV chief are given the contract, then they implement it to the community. We download 10,000/hectare for every KGV, including the budget for the seedlings, brushing, hole digging and all the activities for reforestation. The KIN has also given livelihood, like seedlings of abaca, livestock such as Carabaos and Cowswere given to KGVs. Everybody in the community including women can able to participate. 10d. Aside from farming, naan a silay alternative, wages or additional income. Sa environmental nga aspect, dakongatabangsaila kay ma protektahanangilanglasang. Sa watershed, naasilaysaktong supply satubigunyapreskoangilangmahanggabngahangin. Aside from farming, They have alternatives, wages or additional income. In the environmental aspect, it has greatly helped them since their forest is protected. In the watershed, they have enough water supply and they enjoy the fresh air. 11. Do you or your barangay have forged partnership with private or public entities related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management? 11a. What are these partnership (explain)? 11a. ABS-CBN, GMA Tele communication, Del Monte, DOLE, Poultry. Stakeholders nisila sa MKRNP ngagahatag pod nisilaug contribution. Kay ga derived man silaug benefit sa MKRNP. Most especially during ALDAO Kitanglad, that’s the time nga mag donate sila. Pero naay MOA that they’re obliged to do so. ABS-CBN, GMA TELECOMMUNICATION, DEL MONTE, DOLE, POULTRY are stakeholders of MKRNP that also provide contributions because they also derive benefits from MKRNP. Most especially during ALDAO Kitanglad, that’s the time they donate. But there is a MOA that they’re obliged to do so. 11b. Like ang HINILIBAN foundation is ga reforest pod nasila within timber land and buffer zone. HOLCIM company is 1,000 hectares for reforestation, ngasilaang mag provide sa seedlings, fertilizer. Siguronaapoy cash ngaginahatagnilaperodiligyodingonkadako. Sa registered PO nisilaga tap. Just like HINILIBAN foundation also do reforestation within timber land and buffer 538 GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSE zone. HOLCIM company has 1,000 hectares for reforestation and they provide seedlings and fertilizers. Maybe cash is also given but not that much. They tapped toregister PO for this. 11c. Yes. 11d. Yes. Like kiningsa smart LAWIN application. Gikanani, mahibal-annilaang high conservation value area, mahibal-an nila kung pila naangnasulod within HCVA (High Conservation Value Area). Naka identify sila kung pila ka hectare ang open and close forest. Gakuha pod nasilaug data about wildlife. Kana nga species, pila kabuok? Yes. Like this smart LAWIN application. From this, they will know the high conservation value area and how many hectares have entered within HCVA (High Conservation Value Area). They were able to identify how many hectares were open and close forest. They also gather data about wildlife, like, how many species of that type. 539 4. BLGU Officials, MLGU Officials Name: Datu Makapukaw – Adolino Saway Jr. Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Community (or Office): Chair Mt. Kitanglad Council of Elders & Chair Cultural & Tribal Affairs Committee of PAMB- Kitanglad Agency/Office: Kitanglad Council of Elders Name of Forest Reserved/Watershed Protected Area/Natural Park:Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park Province: Bukidnon Municipality: Malaybalay City Mobile no: None Date of Interview: November 17, 2015 Time started: 10:00 AM Time Ended: 11:00 AM Main Occupation or Economic Activity of Key Informant:Farmer / Tribal Leader / Cultural Leader / Politician GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSE 1. What is the present situation of your forest area 1. Naa na gyud areas nga degraded. Ang uban natanuman na man pagka human sa National Greening Project NGP. 20 hectares ang gipa tamnan adto. So far, ang among lasang karon is far better than before. Sauna wala pa ang NGP, makita namo ang grabe ka upaw nga lasang. Ang hawan sauna nag green na karon according to the latest image. 2. There are degraded areas. Some of them were planted through the National Greening Project (NGP). A total of 20 hectares of land was covered by NGP. So far, our forest is far better now than before. Before the implementation of NGP, we can see the denuded forest. What seemed to be barren forest before has now covered with green vegetations according to the latest image. 2. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? 2. Yes 2a. Bago pa mi nag approve sa environmental code sa lungsod pero dugay na mi nagbuhat ana sa PASu. Mga 2 years na ang nilabay 2b. Wala pa koy makita nga changes nga nabuhat adto. I have no idea 2a. We have just approved with the environmental code of the city but that we have already created that with the PASu. Two years ago already. 2b. I haven’t observed any changes yet. I have no idea. 540 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSE 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management program] 3. Daghan to nga factor ang naka tabang. Bisan ang nature mismo nag reforest siya ug iyaha maski walay tabang sa tao. Isa pud nga naka pa bag-o sa kalasangan nato dinhi kay tungod kay active man ang among staff sa National Greening Program (NGP). Active sila tungod sa pag abot sa program. Ang kulang lang kay funding. 5,000 pesos per barangay ra man to unya naa man mga barangay nga daghan sila KGV’s dha. So pag ila na nang ma tunga ang 5,000 pesos, halos mahulog nalang mga tag 300 nalang ilang bulan. Naay pud 3 million pesos nga gihatag sauna plus kalo, boots, raincoat and monthly honorarium nila. Ang problem sa Mt. Kitanglad kay ang mga users and beneficiaries sa river, maoy paka kuha ug dakong kwarta like NAPOCOR- billion ang kita pero ang protectors sa watershed, walay mga tubig. Walay return didto saprotection project imbes dako kaayo ilang profit sa water from Mt.Kitanglad. Ang Mt. kitanglad, katong gi lunupan ang kalibutan, gipatay angmga tao, ang among kaliwat ang ilang gibilin para kami nalang mabilin. Nahimugso ang mga lumad sa Mindanao. Adtong 1521, nagtukod sila ug skwelahan, simbahan ug kagamhanan. Sa pag abot sa mga Espanyol, dili mu accept ang mga Tribal Leaders like Lapu Lapu and Rajah Humabon. Nagsupak sila so gipatay. Pero ang uban, na rapture sila. Mao ang Mt. Kitanglad pinaka sagrado. 3. There are a number of factors involved. Even nature itself reforests without any human intervention. And also, one reason that brought changes to our forests is the activeness of our NGP staff.” They are active because of the program. What is lacking is only the funding. It was Php5,000 per barangay but some barangay have lots of KGVs. So if they were to subdivide the money, they will only receive monthly honorarium of almost Php300. There was also one million pesos given before with hat, boots, raincoat and monthly honorarium. The problem with Mt. Kitanglad is that the users and the beneficiaries are the ones who get the most like NAPOCOR. They earn billions but the protectors of the watershed don’t even have water supply. There was no given compensation to the protection project while they profit from Mt. Kitanglad. When the world was flooded, all people were killed except our descendants so that we will be the only ones left. The natives of Mindanao then emerged. In 1521, they built schools, churches and government. When the Spaniards came, tribal leaders like Lapu Lapu and Raja Jumabon didn’t accept. They revolted that’s why they’re killed. But the others were able to escape that’s why Mt. Kitanglad is very sacred. 541 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSE 3. Have you heard of B+WISER project? For Yes, ask: 3a. What do you know of B+WISER project? 3b. What is your participation/involvement in B+WISER Project? 3c. What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. 3d. What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? 3e. Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. 3f. What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? For No, Ask: 3d. Have you heard of KGV or LAWIN? 3e. What is your participation/involvement in this activity? 3f. What benefits did you or your community derived from this activity? 3. Yes 3a. Wala man lain reason ngano napasulod sila. Tungod lang kay mu finance sila. Mu finance sila sa conservation nga activities and biodiversity and water improvement pati sa environmental resilience, gituman pud nila. Wala nai lain natagbuan nako sa kalibutan nga nag fund sa documentation sa among kultura 3b. Nag support sila sa akong organization, ang Kitanglad Council of Elders. Makapatawag na ko ug meeting anytime. Ang KGV anytime na maka meeting kay naa na silay funder sa ilang foods plus naa nai mag shoulder sa ilang mga pamiliti nga sukad sukad wala nahitabo. Karon pa lang tungod sa B+WISER. Karon cge padayun ang among documentation sa among kultura. Ang kulang namo karon nga ma abot namo nga ang tanan kahoy nga nitubomaka balo mi pila sila kabuuk ug unsa ilang mga pangalan ug unsa nga mga species. 3c. Kana gyud ang documentation. Mamatay ko ug ang mga elders, ang maong history ug maong culture maoy magpabilin. Sa kada upat ka NPA, 3 kabook ana ang lumad. Murag mu uyon gyud ko ana nga storya. Mas daghan ang among kaliwat nga mu dapig didto kay naa man mi power didto. Dili man matubag sa gobyerno ang among hangyo isip mga lumad. Kaming mga lider, wala man mi pondo pag maintenar sa among kaliwat. Kung asa naay assistance nila, didto gyud sila muadto kay wala man mi mahatag sa ila. 3d. Nalipay kaayo ko. Usa lang nang dunay kwarta ilang gaihatag. Ga monitor sila sa liquidation, maka langan nga mag cgeg liquidate nga documentation ra man unta among gusto. Pero naa man sad silay right nga magpa liquidate 3e. Murag on track man siguro. Wala man ko naka sigurao sa ilang mga tinguha kada tuig pero sa akong gakakita murag on track sila 3f. Kung pwede unta nga ang proyekto dili na unta matapos. Kung mawala siya, mag balik napud mi ug depende sa kung pila ang ihatag sa MLGU. Ang corporation sad, walay balaod nga maka pugos sa ila nga mag allocate sila labi na kay for Mt. Kitanglad conservation. Unta ma apil pus a belief system ang importance sa mga espiritu kay akong gaka kita nga dili ni in line sa ilang belief. Dili nila matanggap nga espiritu ang ga govern sa is aka certain area 3f Dili nila tanan mahatag ang needs namo as IP. Ilang nahatg lang, pag hatag pondo sa 542 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSE tigom-tigom, para sa meeting sa officers, ga hatag pud sila ug pondo para sa documentation namo, ga double time ko permi para gyud makab-ot namo ang among goal sa mga IP’s.Manghinaot ko nga magpabilin sila ug madugangan pa gyud ang proyekto Aduna unta profile about Mt. Kitanglad nga mahimong base. Major factor nga gaka resulta ug major conflict tungod kay walay basehanan nga profile. Maski gani ang NGP walay profile sa species. Ga clearing sila para mag tanom, wala sila kabalo nga ang na clearing kay grabe ka powerful nga tambal. Dapat walay development plan sa Mt. Kitanglad kung dili mahimo una ang profile. 3a. There was no other reason why they were able to implement their cause. It’s because they provide financial assistance. They support conservation activities and biodiversity and water improvement and even environmental resilience, they also aim for it. Never in my life have I encountered somebody that funds for the documentation of our culture. 3b. They support my organization, the Kitanglad Council of Elders. I am now able to call for a meeting anytime. KGVs can now attend the meeting anytime because they already have a funder for their food and transportation expenses which has never happened before. All of that because of B+WISER. The documentation of our culture is still ongoing. What we are lacking now is the number of trees that has grown, how many are they and what are their species. 3c. The documentation indeed. When I die along with the other elders, our history and our culture will remain. In every four NPAs, three of them are indigents. I think I would agree with that. We have more relatives that support it because we have power there. The government cannot respond our appeal as being indigents. Leaders like me don’t have enough funds to maintain our relatives. If where is the assistance, they will go there because we have nothing to provide for them. 3d. I am so happy. One is because they are giving money. They monitor for the liquidation. It takes time to liquidate. What we only need is just the documentation. They have the right to monitor though. 3e. I think it’s on track. I am not sure with what their goals every year are but based on what I see; I think they’re on track. 3f. If only the project won’t end then it would be good. If it will end, we will again become dependent to what the MLGU can provide. The corporation also, there is no law obliging 543 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSE them to allocate funds especially if it’s for Mt. Kitanglad conservation. I hope it will also be incorporated in the belief system the importance of the spirits because based on what I am seeing, this is not in line with their belief. They don’t accept that spirits govern a certain area. 3f. They cannot provide all our needs as IP. What they can only provide is funds for officers’ meeting; they also give funds for the documentation. I double my efforts always so that we can attain our goals as IP. I just hope that they will remain and that there will be more projects to come. “There should be a baseline profile of the Mt. Kitanglad. There are major factors that resulted and major conflicts emerged because there is no baseline profile. Even the NGP don’t have the profile of the species present. They do clearings in the area to plant without even realizing that they might have removed powerful medicinal herbs. There should be no development plan for Kitanglad without a baseline profile.” 4. What training/capacity building attended by you and other members/populace relative to NRM and environmental and forest, watershed PA management? 4a. What did you learn from this training? 4b. Who sponsored/supported the training? 4. Naka apil kog trainings regarding climate change and global warming. Kung about sa B+WISER, dili man sila ga train sa amoa. Ang Council of Elders pud, kami ilang cge ga konsultahon. Gapaminaw sila sa among side. Ang KGV mao ilang storyahon. Unsa man mga rason ang tribo ga conserbar? Kung gasto kaayo kag tubig, direct ka mag kuha sa suba dili na kailangan i-purify. Cultural nga pag gamit ang ilang gasundon. Karon, gabuhat ko ug ordinance nga magpahingpit sa ordinansa nga bawal mahimong kalibanganan ang Mt. Kitanglad. Syempre, kung naay turista, naa gyuy malibang. Tungod sa ka daghan sastorya, wala na to siya realize kay daghan man objection. Ang espiritu sa Mt. Kitanglad, dili sila gusto ug hugaw sa tao. Maoy naa ang mu resulta sa global warming, gyera, linog or mga sunog. Resulta nah sa anger of sprits 4a. Meetings lang gyud ang among na-attenan. Naka attend kog meetings related to biodiversity conservation, global warming ug climate change. Among na learn kay mga term nga wala sa amoa. Among nasabtan nga maong mga issue naa nah sa amoa, pero ang mga terms kay dili lang namo masabtan kay western man ilang pamaagi. I learned nga naa koy capacity to solve the issuesug diri sa kalibutan. Naa gyud tai harmony. Maayo gyud naay unification of knowledge para naay harmony. Ang spirit sa Mt.Kitanglad, ang spirit sa lumad, paminawon ang lumad, dili kanunay seminaron ang lumad. 4b. Re-echo lang. Dili man mi ga dawat sa uban issues during meetings. Ga studio lang mi sa Mt. Kitanglad Act pero ang main gyud nga issue kay di man gyud mi mu sugot. Kung makita sab sa B+WISER nga tama mi or makita nila nga sakto, mu suporta man pud sila 544 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSE Ang B+WISER, DWSD, ug ang DepEd nag conduct pud sila. Sa DepEd, dili kaayo tama kay wala man nasabutan sa community kay dapat muagi unta sa verification before nag change ug curriculum. Dapat unta, mag research sila tanan banggiitan nga historian, ilang iconsult ayha nila ibutang sa curriculum. As for B+WISER, I always tell them the right way nga maminaw sah sila sa amoa. Rudy Aragon is wise na man pud. Kung mabaw-an niya mali, gakasinabot man mi. 4. “I was able to join trainings regarding climate change and global warming. If it’s about B+WISER, no because they don’t train us. The council of elders as well, they always consult us. They listen to our side. They talk to the KGVs. What are the reasons why is the tribe conserving? If you really want water, you can go directly to the river and get some. No need to purify. They follow what is in the culture. Now, I am promulgating an ordinance that inhibits defecating in Mt. Kitanglad. Of course, if there are tourists, there will also be someone who’ll defecate. But because of a lot of reasons and whatsoever, it was not realized because of too many objections. The spirits in Mt. Kitanglad don’t want the wastes of humans. That’s the reason why climate change has occurred as well as wars, earthquakes or fires. Those are because of the spirits’ anger.” 4a. “I was able to attend meetings only. I attended meetings related to biodiversity conservation, global warming and climate change. We have learned terms that are not in ours. We understood the issues but we couldn’t just relate to the terms used because it’s westernized. I learned that I have the capacity to solve the issues here in the world. We really have harmony. It’s really good to unify our knowledge to achieve harmony - the spirit of Mt. Kitanglad, the spirit of the IP. The IP should be heard not to be constantly given a seminar.” 4b. “Only re-echoes. We don’t accept other issues during meetings. We just study the Mt. Kitanglad Act but the main issue is that we really don’t agree. If B+WISER sees that we are right, then they will however support us.” “The B+WISER, DSWD and DepEd also conducted. For DepEd, its not really right because it was not discussed with the community. It should pass through a verification before changing the curriculum. They should have researched all expert historians. They should have consulted them before putting into the curriculum. As for B+WISER, I always tell them the right way that they should first listen to us. Rudy Aragon is already wise. If he knows it is wrong then we understand each other.” 5. What is the main economic activity of member/populace? 5. Farming ang usa gyud. Ang ilang merkado, ang kabukiran ugang ilang botika mao ilang institusyon. Ang ilang gibasa dili libro kundi nature. Sample katong basehanan sa hustisya, kung basahon nila ang nature, ang light in balance sa darkness. Need gyud ug balance. Naay gender equality. Adunay proseso sa kahusayan, adunay paga accept sa 545 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSE nature, nature is ang adlaw kay musidlak sa kabuntagon, ug kailangan musalop sa gabii. Ingun ana ang basehanan sa balaod sa law of nature 5. Farming is one. The market, the farm and the pharmacy is their institution. What they read are not books but the nature itself. One example is that basis for justice. If they read the nature, the light is in balance with darkness. We need balance. There is gender equality. There is a process for peace, there is someone who accepts nature. Nature is sun rising in the morning and sets during the night. That is the basis of justice of nature. 6. Do you have an enforcement plan? 6a. Who formulated the enforcement plan? 6b. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement plan? 6c. What is the composition of your enforcers or bantay gubat? How many men? How many women? How many IPs? 6d, Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your enforcers? How? And who provide and where these resource coming from? 6e. What were the effects of increased enforcement efforts on extent of compliance by resource users? Was there a reduction in number of threats and violations? 6. Yes 6a. Dili man ni binuhat ang kultura. Ga sunod mi sa law of nature. Example, aning lugara, walay undang ang ulan, sa uban lugar, hayag. Dinhi, bisan walay ulan, ang gabon, permi ngitngit. Mao nang sign nga kani nga lugar naay naka violate sa law of nature. Slow transformation from humanism to animalism. Ritual ang solution para hinloan ang lugar para muhayag na ang lugar SALA ang term sa among justice system sa IP. Nay “SUKOD” maoang basis sa among decision sa mga violations. Mag decide ang majority sa unsay ipenalize 6b. Ang ga command sa KGV’s sa pag protect mao ang PASu. Ang B+WISER pud, ilang gi tan-aw ug gi refresh ang enforcement laws. Gi tan-aw nila ug gi council sa akoa ifagree ba ko 6e. Nag increase ang enforcement effort kay na activate na man. Wala nai mga illegal poaching nga nahitabo karon. Permi man gyapon naay threats gaka kuha ang military. Akong nadunggan nga ang office of the PAMB naay kunchabo nga mga NPA pero wala sila masayod nga kanang taga pikas, mag ritual nah sila. Manggi-daot nah sila. Spiritu lang ang palihokon. Mamatay ang mga NPA tungod sa among rituals. Di man gapang daot ang kasagaran nga NPA’s, ga preserba man pud sila. Ga ritual mi for the violators lang 6a. “Culture is not just made. We follow the law of nature. For example, there is a constant rain here while the other has none. Here, even if its not raining, the clouds are always dark. That is a sign that this place has violated the law of nature. It is a slow transformation from humanisms to animalism. Ritual is the solution to cleanse the place so that light will cover the place.” “Our IP justice system is termed as ‘SALA’ (to filter). We have ‘SUKOD’ (to measure) where we base our decisions for specific violations. The majority decides about the penalties” 546 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSE 6b. “The PASu is the one that commands the KGV’s to protect the forest. The B+WISER is the one that oversees and refreshes the enforcement laws. They come to me for council whether I agree or not” 6e. “The enforcement efforts have increased because they are now activated. Illegal poaching doesn’t happen anymore. Though the military still receives threats. I have heard that the PAMB office has accomplices from the NPA but they’re not aware that the opposite side is also doing rituals. They become sick. We make the spirits work. The NPA’s die as a result of our rituals. Most of the NPA’s do not destroy the forest, actually, they also help with the preservation. We only do rituals for the violators” 7. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as officials/leaders or officers of your office/institutions or of your municipality or barangay, and communities relative to forest and watershed and PA management in your area? 7. Daghan. Dili mu konsulta ang taga PASu office for example sa mga lumad, nag tanom cyag patatas ug cacao, tungod sa iyang ka inosente, tungod kay nitibo cya, allowed na cya mu tanom tanom. Dili pud ko ga uyon nga permi nalang ibutang ang mga kaso sa korte. Akong recommendation kay ipa perma sila sa iyang pamilya nga magtanom sila ug ika 10folds sa pila kabuuk kahoy ilang naputol. Apil ang nextgeneration nila ang ipa tanom. Harmony ang solution. Walay harmony sa korte. Mahimo lang naa nga fire line. Mag gyera ang mga tao dha. Usahay dili ko gaka consult, dapatkung kunsa ang buhaton, mag konsulta gyud sa elders kay ang elders ga consult pud sa spirits 7. There are many. For example, the PASu office does not anymore consult the IP’s. One instance, one IP planted potatoes and cacao, just because he is innocent, and just because he is an I.P, he’s now allowed to plant? I also don’t agree that all cases should be filed in court. My recommendation is that we should just let them sign (the violator including his family and their next generation) for an agreement to plant trees 10 folds of the number of trees they cut down. The solution is harmony. There’s no harmony in court. It will just become a fire line. It will result to war between the people. Sometimes, I’m not being consulted. Supposedly, for plans on what should be done, there should be consultation with the elders because the elders will then consult the spirits” 8. Does the municipality or barangay/ your office have regular budget for environmental and forest management? 8a.. How much is the budget allocated per year 8. Yes bisan ang municipalities naay budget 8a. Naay uban munisipyo nga ga hatag rag 20 ang uban pud muhatag ug 30. Sa 8 ka municipalities, one municipality gani dili niya kaya mag fund sa iyang kaugalingon. Ako ra ang naay honorarium of 5,000 pesos per month as elder. 8. Yes. Even the municipalities have their budget 8a. There are municipalities that give 20. Other municipalities give 30. Among the 8 municipalities, one municipality doesn’t even have the capability to fund itself. I’m the only one that has an honorarium of 5,000 pesos per month as an elder. 547 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSE 9. What policies, laws, and ordinances for environmental and forest management as well as enforcement were passed in your municipalities and Barangays to prevent threats and illegal activities (e.g.cutting of trees) 9. We have laws from DENR nga apil ang among kultura. Kung mag guba kag puluy￾anan sa honeybees or maka putol ka ug kan-onon sa mga langgam ug uban pang wild species, mao nang mag tanom na daun ka. Ang mga herbal, wala pa nasugdi unsaon pag pananom. Kailangan pa dapat ug nursery para didto iresearch kung unsa ang character adto nga herbal Ang office of the PAMB naay kunchabo nga mga NPA pero wala sila masayod nga kanang taga pikas, mag ritual nah sila. Manggi-daot nah sila. Spiritu lang ang palihokon. Mamatay ang mga NPA tungod sa among rituals. Di man gapang daot ang kasagaran nga NPA’s, ga preserba man pud sila. Ga ritual mi for the violators lang 9. We have laws from DENR that is included in our culture. If the beehive will be destroyed or if you cut down the birds’ source of food and other wild species, that’s the time we require you to plant. We have not started planting the herbal yet. We need a nursery so we can be able to conduct a research regarding the herbal’s specific characters” I have heard that the PAMB office has accomplices from the NPA but they’re not aware that the opposite side is also doing rituals. They become sick. We make the spirits work. The NPA’s die as a result of our rituals. Most of the NPA’s do not destroy the forest, actually, they also help with the preservation. We only do rituals for the violators” 10. Are there enterprise/livelihood activities initiated by B+WISER in the community? 10a. What are these enterprise/livelihood activities? 10c. What is the participation of women in this enterprise/livelihood activities? 10d. What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? 10e. Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? 10f. What are these training? Were there women participants in the training? How many women? 10. Mao man nah ilang plan pero ugma pa man mi mag meeting. Kung ang mga lumad maka decide nga dili na ipa dayun, ugma nah mabaw-an. Nakadumdum ko sa PhilEagle, abaca ang ilang project dugay na kaayo to mga 15 years ago “That’s the plan and we’ll be having the meeting related to that tomorrow. If the IP’s agree to decision that they won’t allow it, we’ll be able to know tomorrow. I can still remember PhilEagle’s abaca project a long time ago. I think it was 15 years go.” 11. Do you or your barangay have forged partnership with private or public entities related to forest, watershed, and PA areas 11. Yes 548 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSE management? 11a. What are these partnership (explain)? 11b. Who are involved? 11c. Do you have MOU/MOA/Contract for this partnership? 11d. Do you think this partnership beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Naa mi partnership with Hineleban Foundation. Ga comply pa sila karon pero naa nai agreement nga nahimo nga along the creek, tamnan ug ipil ipil para firewood. Gahapon na approve ang ordinance nga nag mando nga magtanom tanan tao. Personal consumption lang ning ipang tanom nga ipil ipil. You can imagine 1 family ga sunog ug 1 cubic meter per week multiplied by 500 families. Unavoidable uses nga maka upaw sa forest nato. Akoy nagpamando ana. Apil ang pagpananom sa Callandra Tree. Resolution pa akong nabuhat ana mao nag sayo ko sa SB magbuhat ug ordinance daun akong gisubmit. 11a. Naa pud mi partnership with the LGU. Sila man ang ga pugong sa kwarta kay daghan man sila ug priorities. Naay uban munisipyo nga ga hatag rag 20 ang uban pud muhatag ug 30. Sa 8 ka municipalities, one municipality gani dili niya kaya mag fund sa iyang kaugalingon. Ako ra ang naay honorarium of 5,000 pesos per month as elder. Bisan badlongon ko kaymu serbisyo man gyud pud gyud ko. Ako ang gibinlan sa katigulangan sa responsibilidad. Naa koi sekretong power so ako ra ang politico nga walay pildi pildi. SB ko karon sa Lantapan. For the reforestation namo, with Hineleban Foundation nah siya nga plan. Nag buhat kog ordinance nga ang mu fund ana ang Hineleban Foundation with partnership with LGU. Naa pud mi partnership with UNIFRUTTI pero wala pa man naka sugod. Naay fund gikan sa French Government nga amount is 60 million euro for community development. Ang requirement nila kay MOA. Nabuhat na, kulang nalang ang compliance kay wala pay klaro ilang project- naay rootcrops, kamote, naay farm, baboyan, ug fishpond. Ang Department of Agriculture (DA) naa pud baka nga dispersal. Kung ma complete na ang documents ug ma receive na namoang funds, ma bibo na. 11b. Hineleban Foundation, UNIFRUTTI, LGU, French Government 11c. Yes 11d. Yes. Ang planting ipil ipil kilid sa mga dalan itself is beneficial na man sa pag protektar sa lasang kay dinhi na sila mu kuha sa ilang pang sugnod. Dili na sila manguha ka sa kalasangan 11a. We have partnership with the Hineleban Foundation. They are still in the stage of compliance but an agreement has already been made that there will be IpilIpil trees to be planted along the creek for firewood purposes. The ordinance has been approved yesterday and it mandates everyone in the community to plant. This is for personal consumption. You can just imagine when 1 family burns 1 cubic meter per week. If you multiply that to 500 549 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSE families. This is an example of the unavoidable uses of wood that will result to forest degradation. I’m the one who passed the ordinance. I also made a resolution for the Callandra Tree planting. It’s still a resolution as of now that’s why I came early in the SB office to create an ordinance We also have partnerships with the LGU. They are the ones that control the funds because they have many priorities.There are municipalities that give 20. Other municipalities give 30. Among the 8 municipalities, one municipality doesn’t even have the capability to fund itself. I’m the only one that has an honorarium of 5,000 pesos per month as an elder. Even if I’m stubborn, I really am able give my service. I’m the one the elders left with a responsibility. I have a secret power that’s why I’m the only politician who was never defeated. I’m now in the SB of Lantapan. For our reforestation, the plan was from the Hineleban Foundation. I created an ordinance which will be funded by the Hineleban Foundation with partnership with the LGU. We also have a partnership with UNIFRUTTI but we haven’t started it yet. We also have fund coming from the French Government amounting to 60 million euro for community development. They require us with a MOA which was already made and we’re now only waiting for the compliance because we’re still unsure about their projects- they have rootcrops, sweet potatoes, farm, hog raising, and fishpond. The Department of Agriculture (DA) also has cow dispersal. Once we complete the documents and we receive the funds, it’s going to be great!” 11d. Yes. The planting of Ipil Ipil along the roads itself is beneficial for the protection of the forest because in that way, they’ll only be using the Ipil Ipil for firewood and not anymore cut trees from the forest 12. Do you know if B+Wiser collected or generated data on forest cover, GHG, and other data related forest, watershed, and PA management? 12a. What and where are these data now? 12. After nako ani karon sa profile ug data, ako nang ihatag sa ila. Naa mi basis for additional fund for extension sa B+WISER based sa profile. Klaro unsay kapuslanan and mailhan nila ang mga tribo namo. 12a. PAMB Office 12. After I finish the profile and the data, I will submit it to them. We have basis for additional fund for the extension of B+WISER based on the profile. The purpose is clear and not only that, they will get to understand and know the tribes better 550 5. BLGU Officials, MLGU Officials Name: Benjamin Maputi Sr. Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Community (or Office): Barangay Chairman Agency/Office: Name of Forest Reserved/Watershed Protected Area/Natural Park:Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park Province: Bukidnon Municipality: Malaybalay City Barangay: Imbayao Mobile no: None Date of Interview: November 17, 2015 Time started: 4:00 PM Time Ended: 5:00 PM Main Occupation or Economic Activity of Key Informant:Barangay Captain GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present state of your forest area? 1. Ang present status sa Mt. Kitanglad is as-is gihapon but naay gain. Sa National Mapping & Resource Information Authority (NAMREA)nga survey, naakitay gain ngamejonisakaangkalasangankaronug 3,000+. DinhipudsaamoasaMt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP), ga unite ang PO’s, mgaLumadugmgaDatu. Naa mi harmonious relationship towards the protection of nature Ang PO members more or less ga consist ugmgaIP’s nganaasacommunidad, plus migrants, naapud mi organized Kitanglad Guard Voluteers (KGV). Mao nah ngaangpagprotektarnamosakinaiyahan kayhapsayMuhatag man gudang KGV every month ug monthly monitoring reports regarding what happenedsailang jurisdiction. We have 47,000 hectares but every barangay naayjuridsdiction. Mao pudnangevery barangay kay naay more or less 10 KGV’s. Naay chief KGV ga monitor nah silasa areas sailang jurisdiction. Muhatagdayonsilag report sa IPAS Kitanglad. Tungodaningamgakalihokan, nahataganpudsilaug honorarium. What do you think is the contributing factor in the harmony of the KGV’s? Kay duna kami bonding every year. We have Aldaw Ta Kitanglad which is a 3-day affair. 1st daypalang is panagtagbosa KGV’s along with activities nga related sailang functions 551 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 1. The present status of Mt. Kitanglad is still as-is but with a slight gain. The survey of National Mapping & Resource Information Authority (NAMREA) showed that our forest had slight increase at present to 3000+. Also, here in the Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP), the PO’s, Lumad, and Datu’s unite and have a harmonious relationship towards the protection of nature. Our PO’s consist of more or less IP members and migrants from the community. We also have an organized Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV) which helps in a worry-free protection of nature. The total area here is 47,000 hectares and all barangayswithin this area have jurisdiction and therefore have more or less 10 KGV’s. Each has chief KGV which monitor the whole area under their jurisdiction and gives monthly monitoring report to IPAS Kitanglad. This movement resulted to an honorarium awarded to the KGV’s.“ Every year, we have a 3-day affair named Aldaw Ta Kitanglad that serves as a bonding activity for all KGV’s which includes activities related to their functions. 2. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? 2. ApilangAldaw Ta Kitangladsa environment and forest management. Tanannaaykalihukannga about environment. Naa man National Greening Program (NGP)sa DENR. Naay agroforestry and reforestation. Sa Aldaw Ta Kitanglad, especially angatongmgaKGV’s,gi orient gyud nah sila about forest protection 2a. Muragsa among level, enhanced gyudsiya. Duna langgamayngakakulangon. Sa KGV’s nato,ang dawaton ra nila kay honorarium langngagadependelangsamatag municipality. Kung dakonga municipality, dakopudang contribution, dakopudangmakuhasa KGV. So same anginyong effort sa protection, perodiliparehainyongmadawatankadabulan. 2. We have National Greening Program (NGP) from DENR, agroforestry and reforestation. The Adlaw Ta Kitanglad is also included in the environment and forest management which feature orientation about forest protection given especially to the KGV’s.” 2. On our level, I think we are enhanced but still lack something. On our KGV’s for example, they receive honoraria depending on each of their municipalities. Big municipality means big contribution which then results to big honorarium. So, same effort in protection but not the same honorarium for each KGV every month. 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management program] 3. Because of seminars and workshops, daghannaman linkages sa KGV’s like B+WISER. Naasailang program ang protection sa forest. Naapudkalihukanang B+WISER nga okay kaayosa KGV. Before, dilikaayo mi ga meeting nga Unified. Pero karon, through B+WISER, ga meeting na regularly angmga chiefs sa KGV aron re-echo nalangsa KGVangilangbuhaton. Isa nah sailangnahatag Ang improvement sa among kalasanganattributed gyud nah sa forest management program. Yes, naananubongakahoykaronngapinaagisa biodiversity. Naturally, nanubolangsila. Sa Kitanglad, 552 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES sapanahon sauna, naanagyuyrainforestation scheme- pananomuglasangnonngakahoy para mabalikangbiodiversidad What provided seedlings? Naaygitumbokngamga nurseries. Among seedlings gikanrapudgi raise dinhisa among barangay. Ga raise mi ug nurseries ngagina expound namosamgapurok. Mga indigenous seedlings. During the National Greening Program (NGP), naay allocated budget for labor. Ugmahimo, naapudunta budget for maintenance formore or less 3 years para ma sustain angmgakahoy. Para sausakakahoy, 3 years man gyudangiyang need nga time for sure survival 3. Because of seminars and workshops, KGV’s had established a lot of linkages. One of the links was with B+WISER which has a program that concerns with forest protection. Through B+WISER the regular meeting of the chiefs of the KGV’s was made possible which was not that unified before. Then the chiefs reecho the agenda of the meeting to their respective KGV’s.” “The forest management program really attributed to the improvement of the forest. There are forest trees to date that grew naturally through biodiversity. Before, there was rainforestation (reforestation?) here in Mt. Kitanglad–the replanting of native forest trees for the biodiversity to return.“ “We developed nurseries for indigenous trees seedlings here in our barangay and then expounded them to our puroks. During the National Greening Program (NGP), a budget was allocated for the labor of the nurseries. Each tree seedling needs at least 3 years in the nursery for sure survival; therefore there should also be a budget for more or less 3 years for the maintenance and sustenance of the seedlings. 3. Have you heard of B+WISER project? For Yes, ask: 3a. What do you know of B+WISER project? 3b. What is your participation/involvement in B+WISER Project? 3c. What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your municipality/community/area? Please explain. 3. Yes 3a. Trainings ilangginahatag. Linked man gyudsilasa Mt. Kitanglad. Ang number one advocacy nila is for the protection sa Mt. Kitanglad. Ni link pudsiladaunsa IPAS-Kitangladnga ma apilgyudangKitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV) kay mao man ang direct point sa area. Ilanggina capacitate angmga KGV 3b. For B+WISER, isipBarangay Captain, since within jurisdiction sa among barangay akong sakop, gapakabana pudko diha as Federation President sa KGV. Concerned pudko ngatanan projects diha magpa dayun ug gamit sa kinaiyahan. Naakopermi kung naakoy available time. If naay new programs sa B+WISER,naapudko 3c. Ang trainings ngailang gi panghatag especially our trainings for calamities parehasa CDO. In 2012, mga foreigners ang mga trainers. Gi train mi how to protect if naay similar saSendong Incidents. Pero ang among usually problemdiri is landslide Enhanced ang KGV’s. Naa man seminars gihatagang B+WISER pinaagisa chief KGVs nga usually 553 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 3d. What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? 3e. Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. 3f. What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? For No, Ask: 3d. Have you heard of KGV or LAWIN ? 3e. What is your participation/involvement in this activity? Datu’s and Tribal Leaders angpaka attend. Ang chief nadayo nang mu relay sa members.Apilko ana kay Federated President man kosa KGV perodilitananpanahon kay naay conflictsaakongtrabaho as Barangay Captain. Naapud to for biodiversity monitoring system. Wala ko kaapila na kay naa mi members sa KGV along with the DENR peroakoangga order who should go among the KGV’ para muubansa coordinator sa DENR 3d. Nakatabang gyud sa amo asa pagprotect ug educate nga angatong nature atogyuddapat protekhana. Naka edukar gyapon sila about pagtanom sa mga kahoylabinasalasangnonngakahoy para mapabalikang biodiversity. 3e. Wala mi kabalosailang goals per year angilalang is ang input and output sa end of project nga goal. May possibility ngana hit gyudnilailang target. Di man problemadirisaamoaangpag protectsa among lasang kay organized man from LGU to IP to Tribal Leaders to KGV walayprobema 3f. Mapadayon ug mahimo. Dili la ngunta every end of the year ang meeting sa Chief KGV’s. Mas maayo unta ugna ay meeting every quarter with the presence of B+WISER para kung naayproblema, ma solusyunandirecho. Kung naay need ang KGV’s, kulang pa gyud nah especially kay volunteers ra man sila. Ang 5,000 pesos per group per barangay muragdili sufficient. Kung naailangika assist or ikadugang like materials for protection and dunaba livelihood project ngaihatagsaila, like ipatanomsakakahoyandaunhatagansilaugassistance ug assessment. AtongmgaMLGU personnel,ga sweldo man nahsila, peroatongmga KGV’s walagyud. Honorarium lang man nah sila. Mahataganuntasilaug livelihood for sustainability. 3a. “B+WISER is linked with Mt. Kitanglad because of their number one advocacy of protecting it. They are also linked with IPAS-Kitanglad to give trainings and capacitate the Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV) which have direct point to the area.” 3b. “For B+WISER, I give special attention, as barangay chairman since within my barangay jurisdiction and as Federation President of the KGV. I am also concerned of all the projects here that concerns nature. If I am available, I am always present. If B+WISER has a new project, I am also present.” 3c. “The trainings that they gave us especially trainings for calamities like what happened in Cagayan de Oro. On 2012, where the trainers were foreigners, they trained us how to protect if an incident like Sendong happens. Landslides however are the most common incidents here.” “B+WISER gave seminars to our chief KGV’s, usually Datu’s and Tribal Leaders, and they then relay it to the members which made our KGV enhanced. I am included on those trainings but not always because of the conflict of being the barangay chairman. There was also for biodiversity monitoring system but I wasn’t 554 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES there. I only appointed a member of our KGV to go and accompany the coordinator from DENR.” 3d. “They really help us in protecting and educate that nature needs to be protected. They also made us understand the importance of planting trees, especially forest trees, to reinstate the natural biodiversity” 3e. “We have no idea about their goals per year; they are more concerned of the input and output goals at the end of the project. There is a possibility that they reached their goal. There are no forest protection problems here in our jurisdiction. We are organized from the LGU to IP’s to Tribal Leaders and to KGV. “ 3f. “If possible, continue the efforts. Hopefully, the KGV Chief’s meeting should be done quarterly with the presence of B+WISER and not yearly. That way, if problems arise, solutions can be provided directly. The 5,000PhP per group per barangay is not sufficient, especially if KGV’s need something since they are only volunteers. If they can provide additional assistance or materials for protection it would help. Also, if they can give livelihood projects like planting of forest trees with assistance and assessment. Our MLGU personnel have salaries but our KGV’s only get honoraria. Hopefully they will be given some livelihood for sustainability. 4. What training/capacity building attended by you and other members/populace relative to NRM and environmental and forest, watershed PA management? 4a. What did you learn from this training? 4b. Who sponsored/supported the training? 4. Trainings for calamities conducted by foreigners. Gi train mi how to protect if naay similar saSendong Incidents. Pero ang among usually problem diri is landslide. Naa man seminars gihatagang B+WISER pinaagisa chief KGVs nga usually Datu’s and Tribal Leaders angpaka attend. Ang chief nadayonang mu relay sa members. Naapud to for biodiversity monitoring system. 4a. Gi train mi how to protect if naay similar saSendong Incidents. Naapud to for biodiversity monitoring system. Daghankaayonatabangangmga trainings but naapudmga trainings ngadilikaayokinahanglansa Mt.kitanglad kay generalized cyanga trainings. Talagsara man angbahabahadiri. Unsaonnatopag mitigate ngadili mu kusog ang banlasbanlas, unsay maayomga mitigating measures unsaon para dilikusogangbahapadungsaubos? 4b. Supported by LGU, B+WISER and NGO 4. We had trainings for calamities that were conducted by foreigners. They trained us how to protect if there are incidents like Sendong. But our usual problem here are landslides, where B+WISER gave seminars to our chief KGV’s, usually Datu’s and Tribal Leaders, and they then relay it to the members. There is also a seminar for biodiversity monitoring system. 4a. We were trained how to protect if something like Sendong happens. There are also trainings for biodiversity monitoring system. The trainings helped us a lot but there are also trainings that we really do not need here in Mt. Kitanglad for they are for general applications. Flooding rarely occurs here, so how will we mitigate so that runoffs will be lessened? What are the proper mitigating measures to lessen the force of the flood reaching downstream? 555 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 5. What is the main economic activity of member/populace? 5. Farming 6. Do you have an enforcement plan? 6a. Who formulated the enforcement plan? 6b. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement plan? 6c. What is the composition of your enforcers or bantaygubat? How many men? How many women? How many IPs? 6d. Do you provide incentive/remuneration for your enforcers? How? And who provide and where these resource coming from? 6e. What were the effects of increased enforcement efforts on extent of compliance by resource users? Was there a reduction in number of threats and violations? 6. Yes 6a. The DENR, igora mi mu tumansamga plans nila 6b. LGU and DENR 6c. Naa mi KGV nga women. 3 kabuuk among KGV nga women including my wife. Naa mi composition arondilikaayoproblemaang jurisdiction. For one barangay, naay locations ngapurok or sitios, ang members, daanna nah silanakaaasignsamgasitios. So kung naayproblemadidto, kahibalojud nah sila kay tagadidto man sila. Ma report nilasa barangay or ma butangsa monthly reporting 6d. Honorarium langgyud aside saequipments like rainboots and raincoats but also depending on the LGU’s. Naapud NGO ngamuhatagugequipmentsperodilitananpanahon. Like karon, dunay NGO nganaghatagugrainboots, peronaapud years ngawala. 6e. Sa among paminawkaron, sakadugayonnasaamong pagserbisyo, nag decrease gyudsiya kay nag bantayna man angtanankatawhan 6a. The DENR. We only follow all their plans. 6c. We have 3 women members of the KGV’s including my wife. We have composition so that there would be no problem in the jurisdiction. For one barangay, there are locations where the members are already from the sitios or puroks. So if problem occurs in their areas, they would know it directly first hand. Then they can report to the barangay or include it to their monthly reports. 6d. Only honorariums, aside from the equipments like rainboot and raincoats but still depend on the LGU’s. There are also NGO’s that provide equipments but not always. Like to date, there is a NGO that provided rainboots, but there are also years where nothing comes. 6e. On what we have observed at present, for the long time that we were doing this, there is surely a decrease. Even all people here participate in the act of protection. 7. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as officials/leaders or officers of your office/institutions or of your municipality or barangay, and communities relative to forest and watershed and PA management in your area? 7. Parte saakongpagkaBrgy. Captain,walayproblema. Dinhi as Federation President, kulanggyudanggadawatonsa KGV’smao nah akongproblemagyud. Dili man enough para saimong service ngarisky. Naaymga KGV’s nganaka risk nasailang life kay ma kontra man ang illegal activities. LGU ra man gyudang nag support so mas maayountanganaay counterparts 7. For me, as Barangay Chairman, there is no problem. As Federation President, I can really say that the honorarium received by the KGV’s is not enough for their risky services. Some of our KGV’s even experienced life threatening confrontations against illegal activities. Only the LGU supports us so it would be 556 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES better if there are other counterparts. 8. Does the municipality or barangay/ your office have regular budget for environmental and forest management? 8a. How much is the budget allocated per year 8. Mao nanangsaNGP pero parte sa KGV, LGU ragyudang funding agency 8a. Dili nako nah makuha especially from DENR nga budget. Sa honorarium, 5,000 pesos per barangay per group pero not the same saother municipalities 8. That’s it from the NGP, but for the KGV only the LGU is the funding agency. 8a. I can’t provide information for that especially the budget from the DENR. For the honorarium, 5,000PhP is allocated per barangay per group. But the amount is not the same with other municipalities. 9. What policies, laws, and ordinances for environmental and forest management as well as enforcement were passed in your municipalities and Barangays to prevent threats and illegal activities (e.g.cutting of trees) 9. Here in our Barangay, before konahimongKapitan, nakahimonami ugmgabalaod. As farmer leader nganag protect sa environment, nakahimo mi ug assistance sa Buffer Zone area nga “No Contour, No Assistance”nga ordinance. City ordinance gyud nah cya. Example kung walaka nag contour saimong area, kung naay seedling assistance gikansa city, dilikatagaan. Ugmahimo, dilimabaligyaugdilimapaabanganang areas nganaasaBuffer Zone area. Mao na among problema kay naaymgaginabaligyaanguban protected area saBuffer Zone (CBFM). Na approve na nah ang ordinance ana Dependesaasanga barangay ang corresponding pagpanubagsaviolation. Dirisa among barangay, walagyudgakahitabongaingunaana. Akoipasabotngaangmuabangugangnagpaabangsayutaparehomakasohan. 9. Here in our barangay even before I became the chairman, we already developed an ordinance. As farmer leader who is protecting the environment, we assisted in the making of the city ordinance entitled “No Contour, No Assistance” inthe Buffer Zone Area.This ordinance states that if you did not contour the land in your area, you will not accept seedling assistance from the city if available. We also have an approved ordinance which states that if possible, no land areas in the buffer zones shall be sold or are under lease. That was our problem because there were areas in the Buffer Zone (CBFM) that were already sold by other members. The implementation now depends on the corresponding barangay where the violation happened. Here in our barangay, no violations were done because I made sure that my constituents understood that both the leasee and the leaser shall face cases. 557 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 10. Are there enterprise/livelihood activities initiated by B+WISER in the community? 10a. What are these enterprise/livelihood activities? 10c. What is the participation of women in this enterprise/livelihood activities? 10d. What benefits have been derived by the community from this enterprise? 10e. Were there training related to enterprise/livelihood conducted in the community? 10f. What are these training? Were there women participants in the training? How many women? 10a. Dinhisa CBFM Buffer Zone Area, naka avail mi sa World Bank assistance and projects for direct members saBuffer Zone Area. NasundansaNational Greening Program (NGP), Agro Projects, even the Philippine Federation for Environmental Concern pud nag hatagug assistance pagtanomug citronella grass. Asensona nah karonsa production of essential oil. Naanadaun buyer￾Human Heart Nature.Ang HARIBON Foundation schemenaghatagpudug assistance patiang AUSAID. Naapudisakalutuanang DOST sapaglutosa eucalyptus species with counterpart sa city government. We also received grant for coffee processing plant from DOLE. What is your P.O name? Imbayao Multipurpose coop among PO and I’m the president. 10c. Mag apilsilasapagtanomsa citronella grass and paglutosa essential oil 10d. This led to more opportunities for our PO members and a good reputation to our barangay and our P.O Tanan NGO nganagtabangdiri, nakita man nilanganagamit man gyudilanggipanghatag so ilapudgidugangan 10e. Yes 10f. Training for production of citronella essential oil. Training sapaglutosa eucalyptus species 10a. Here in the CBFM Buffer Zone Area, we were able to avail assistance and projects from the World Bank intended for Buffer Zone Areas. Then came the National Greening Program (NGP), Agro Projects, and even the Philippine Federation for Environmental Concern gave some assistance for Citronella grass planting. That Citronella project is now successful and even has a buyer – Human Heart Nature. The Haribon scheme and the AUSAID also gave assistance. The DOST with a counterpart of the city government provided a place to cook Eucalyptus species. Then DOLE granted us a coffee processing plant. The name of our PO where I am the President is Imbayao Multipurpose Cooperative. 10c. They participate in planting citronella grass and in processing it to extract its essential oil. 10d. This led to more opportunities for our PO members and showed good reputation for our barangay and our P.O. All the NGO’s that helped us witnessed that all the things they donated were used appropriately, so they donated some more. 10f. Trainings for Citronella essential oil production and cooking of Eucalyptus species. 558 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 11. Do you or your barangay have forged partnership with private or public entities related to forest, watershed, and PA areas management? 11a. What are these partnership (explain)? 11b. Who are involved? 11c. Do you have MOU/MOA/Contract for this partnership? 11d. Do you think this partnership beneficial to the protection of forest, watershed, PA in your area? Please explain. Yes 11a. Wala sa private. Sa public langsathrough DENR ug LGU. Naami private companies nganagtabangsaisasa among asssociationpagbuhatug nurseries. Like Del Monte, naghatagpudsilaug funding sa women’s associationnamo para nurseries 11b. DENR. Dunay areas para sa KGV members, naapud areas para sa PO members. Involved angtanansa barangay 11c. Naa. Perminaay MOA 11d. Oo. Para maka raise ug seedling materials. Mao gyud nah kasagaran. Nahataganlangsilaug proportion sailangpag nursery 11a. We still don’t have private partners; all we have now are just public partners like DENR and the LGU. However, we have private companies that helped us develop nurseries on one of our associations. The Del Monte company for example gave funds to our Women’s Association for nurseries. “ 11b. The DENR. There are designated areas for KGV members, and for PO members. All people from the barangay are involved. “ 11c. Yes, There is always a MOA. 11d. Yes, for raising seedling materials which is the typical benefit. They also get some proportion for their nursery. 12. Do you know if B+Wiser collected or generated data on forest cover, GHG, and other data related forest, watershed, and PA management? 12a. What and where are these data now? 12. We pass them sa IPAS-Kitanglad. Wala koka sure if ang B+WISER gakuhabasailaug reports basta kay kami, direct sa IPAS-Kitanglad among monthly reports 12a. We pass them sa IPAS-Kitanglad. 12. I am not sure if B+WISER collects reports from IPAS-Kitanglad, but in our case we pass our monthly reports directly to IPAS-Kitanglad.” 12a. “We pass them on to the IPAS-Kitanglad.” 559 6. PENRO, Bukidnon Name: Dr. Felix Mirasol Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Position in the Community (or Office): Assistant Regional Director Agency/Office: DENR Name of Forest Reserved/Watershed Protected Area/Natural Park:Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park Province: Misamis Oriental Municipality: Cagayan de Oro City Barangay: Imbayao Mobile no: None Date of Interview: November 23, 2015 Time started: 5:30 PM Time Ended: 6:00 PM Main Occupation or Economic Activity of Key Informant: Assistant Regional Director GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your work in MKRNP/MANP forest area? 1a. What is your role/participation in the forest, watershed, and PA management? 1. Only a small idea because I left Bukidnon last January this year. Only few I can able to recall. The challenge before when I was a PASu, it’s difficult to fit in the schedule of B+WISER to our activities with the DENR. For this year, we ensure that the activities of B+WISER will form part of the activity of mt.KitangladPASu. Somehow, we already adjusted the schedule. As of now, sir Rudy Aragon is submitting monthly report and it appears in the report that base on what we have agreed, they’re doing it. As of now, purely supervision. When I was in PASu, I implement the work plan. 2. What is the present status of B+WISER project in the area? 2a. what is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? 2b. What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your work? Please explain. 2c. What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront? 2d. How do you think these problems should be solved? 2. We have already implemented capacity building, coordinate with the LGU and we have tap also IPs to document their cultural practice. 2a. B+WISER is supporting the DENR. It’s complementing the activities of the DENR. 2b. Complementation. Meaning, lacking in our part is being complemented by B+WISER particularly on the formulation of the watershed development plan. Trainings in capacity development, then PAMB operation. 2c. The greatest challenge is how to mainstream the B+WISER activities to the activities of the DENR in mt.Kitanglad particularly the PASu. Second challenge, to ensure that they are closely doing it with the PASu office. 2f. Yes. It’s on track. 560 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 2e. What are the challenges that the project should face? 2f. Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. 2g. What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? 2g. Mainstreaming of activities to the PASu or the DENR. 3. What are ELE being implemented in MKRNP/MANP? 3a. What do you think is the status of implementation of ELE? Please explain. 3b. Are they following an enforcement plan? Please tell us of this enforcement plan? 3c. Who formulated the enforcement plan? 3d. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement plan? 3e. What is role/function in assisting in the planning and implementation of ELE? 3. IPAS law, forestry laws and IPRA law. 3a. Effective because it’s community base. We mobilize and support community in order to enforce forestry laws and regulations. 3b. When B+WISER entered mt.Kitanglad, somehow we already reduced the number of cases via violation. So we have just sustain. 3c. I think we don’t have a separate enforcement plan. The enforcement plan is integrated in the management plan of mt.Kitanglad. It’s being prepared by the PASu office but recently enhanced with the support of B+WISER. 3d. It’s both LGU and the DENR. 3e. I was the PASu then when it was formulated. So, I orchestrated the preparation of the plan. 4. What support/assistance did you provide in capacity building/training of POs, women, CBOs, BantayGubat, Ips, and others did you provide/get involve with relative to forest, watershed, PA management of MKRNP/MANP? 4a. What are these trainings? 4b. Who are the participants? 4. Allow our personnel to attend the capacity building exercise. 5. Do you have a program in forest restoration? Please explain. 5a. Did you support the community or any POs, groups 5. Yes. It’s under NGP (National Greening Program) and also with the ENRIP 5a. Yes 561 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES in their forest restoration activities? 5b. What is the nature of your support? 5c. Did you have a hand in introducing livelihoods activities in support of forest restoration activities in the area? 5d. What are these livelihood activities? 5e. Who are the participants of these activities? 5b. Establishing linkage with companies in order for them to provide money for restoration. Coordination with LGU so that there will be budget each year for the establishing program. 5c. Before (PASu) yes but now not so much. We coordinated with support institution in order that they will have project. We support livelihood and proposal. We linked also with NGAs such as DTI, TESDA and DA so that their livelihood program will be implemented in mt.Kitanglad. 5e. POs within the buffer zone and the tribal communities. 6. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Projectthat have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Please explain 6a. Are they effective? In what way? 6b. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems 6c. What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? 6. Billboards, leaflets, radio broadcast and barangay assembly. 6a. They are translated to local language. During barangay assembly, usually, the local chief executive (mayor) will discuss the rule of mt.Kitanglad and the forestry laws. 6b. Not all are being reached out. There are migrants who do their business will, who just want to buy lumber and also high value vegetable producers. 7. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as PASu/PAMB officials/leaders or officers of your office relative to forest and watershed and PA management in MKRNP/MANP? 7. To increase the socio economic condition of the IPs even mt.Kitanglad is already attached in our PAMB but our upland communities are still poor. Another thing is the population because IPs don’t believe in family planning because of their culture. It’s their belief that the more children you have, you will be powerful in the future. Limited infrastructure support to the upland communities particularly in mt.Kitanglad like road system, water system, electricity, health services. Infrastructures are mostly in the barangay level but not so much with the sitio where buffer zone communities are residing. We have so much water in Kitanglad but to bring this to their household is a problem. The resolution has been made to reach out those sitios for the water system, they linked with the LGU and also legislators. Some were given but some are not yet. 8. What are lessons learned in performing your tasks as PASu/PAMB that you can share for the improvement of works related to forest, watershed and PA management? 8. You should give responsibility and authority to the PASu. Second, PA staff should be capacitated. Third, community should be empowered. They should be the center of the PA management. Fourth, link with LGUs and other support institutions. Lessons learned are we should be able to know the resources within the park and to conduct proper evaluation. 562 7. KGV’s in Barangay Kaatuan Name: Ricardo Digbas Sr. Age: 60 Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Elementary Graduate Tribe: Talaandig Position in the Community (or Office): Chairman of the KGV’s in Barangay Kaatuan Agency/Office: DENR Name of Forest Reserved/Watershed Protected Area/Natural Park:Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park Province: Bukidnon Municipality: Lantapan Barangay: Kaantauyan Mobile no: 0926-795-8546 Date of Interview: November 24, 2015 Time started: 1:00 PM Time Ended: 2:00 PM INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your forest area? 1. Sa sinugdanan gyud, wala ko nagto-o nga mahimo kong KGV pero kung subayon gyud sauna, akong ginikanan ga trabaho gyud sila diri. Ga sunod ko sa ila. CPAf to siya before dayun nahimong KGV na karon. Nakita gyud nako nga kaning lasang diri, kung walay magbantay, lisod kaayo ma byaan. Musulod man gyud ang mga mamutol diri. Nahagit ko. 2002 ko nisulod sa KGV ug adto nga panahona, wala gyud mi honorarium adto. Sa pagka karon, 15 years na among pag serbisyo. Lahi na gyud karon. Sauna, pataka lang ug panguha sa mga butang diri. Wala nai respeto. Naa na man ordinansa diri pero wala gyud mu paak ang balaod. Naa man gani mga tao nga ga kaingin. Sa pagka hitabo na nga naa nay KGV ug na PA ni cya, wala na gyud illegal nga nangahitabo. Naa nahitabo nga illegal sauna na preso man gani sila. Gi kaingin nila ang isaka area, na preso sila. Among work gyud mag monitor sa lasang. Naa mi monthly patrol in one month, naa gyud mi once or twice nga survey. What/Who imposes the KGV’s patrolling? Sa DENR cya. Sa PASu 563 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 1. I never really thought I would be part of the Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV) but if I trace it all the way back, my parents already worked here. I followed their footsteps. It was CPAF before it became KGV today. I have seen that the forest- if nobody will look after it---- it’s very hard to just leave it. This is because the illegal loggers will enter the forest. This was what challenged me. I entered the KGV in 2002 and at that time, we did not even have our honorarium. I have been in service as a KGV for 15 years now. “There really is a big difference today. Before, everyone was just getting twigs and wood. There wasn’t any respect. There were already ordinances but it wasn’t strictly implemented. There were even people who do “kaingin”. When KGV was organized and Mt. Kitanglad became a Protected Area, there weren’t any illegal forest violations happening anymore. There was an incident of a violation before and they were put behind bars. Our function is to monitor the forest. We have a monthly patrolling and we also survey once to twice a month.” It’s from the DENR. From the PASu 2. Do you have an environmental and forest management program in your community? 2a. What is the present status of your environmental and forest management program in your community? 2b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? 2. Cyempre. 2a. Karon mas strikto gyud sila kay ultimo gani mga kahoy ug sanga, di pwede hilabtan nato. Muagi gyud ta ug pananghid. Di pareha sauna nga yano yano lang. Naa na man balaod pud. 2b. Sa akoa lang, ang gobyerno gyud ang nag pasiugda ani. Kung lantawon nato ang mga panghitabo sa lain lugar, nag cge pa man gani ug kampanya sa pagpanamnom ug kahoy like NGP. Kami sab diri, ani among serbisyo, naninguha pud mi makatabang sa gobyerno kay sila gahatag man pud sila sa amoa sa honorarium 2. “Of course” 2A. “We’re stricter with our forest management program now because it’s prohibited to take even the twigs and branches of trees. Anyone who plans to take anything must go through the permission process. Unlike before where anyone can just take anything. We also have ordinances now.” 2B. “For me, it’s the government that started it all. If you look at what is happening on other places, there is a continued campaign on planting trees like the National Greening Program. Here in Kitanglad, with our service, we also strive to help the government because they are also the ones that give us our honorarium” “We’re stricter with our forest management program now because it’s prohibited to take even the twigs and branches of trees. Anyone who plans to take anything must go through the permission process. Unlike before where anyone can just take anything. We also have ordinances now.” 564 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 3. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management program] 3. Lahi na gyud karon. Sauna, pataka lang ug panguha sa mga butang diri. Wala nai respeto. Naa na man ordinansa diri pero wala gyud mu paak ang balaod. Naa man gani mga tao nga ga kaingin. Sa pagka hitabo na nga naa nay KGV ug na PA ni cya, wala na gyud illegal nga nangahitabo. 3. “There really is a big difference today. Before, everyone was just getting twigs and wood. There wasn’t any respect. There were already ordinances but it wasn’t strictly implemented. There were even people who do “kaingin”. When KGV was organized and Mt. Kitanglad became a Protected Area, there weren’t any illegal forest violations happening anymore.” 4. When was BantayGubat organized in your community? Was it organized through the B+WISER project? 4a. How many members are there in your BantayGubat? How many men? How many women? 4b. How big (may be in hectares) is the coverage of your BantayGubat or foot patrol? 4. Ang KGV na organized ni cya mga 2001 or 2002 sa akong ma remember lang. Naka sulod ko as KGV sa 2002. Member pa KO adto. 4a. Aduna mi 9 members. Ako ang 10th member here in Kaatuan ug puro mi lalake. Wala mi babae 4b. Naa mi 1,996 hectaresnga jurisdiction nga kinahanglan namo ma monitor kada bulan, dili mi mu sal-ang ug patrolya kay di bya namo mahurot ug survey sa isa ka adlaw. Naa mi regular patrolling naa pud mi emergency patrolling labi na kung naay maka ingon nga naay tingog sa chainsaw mao to among monitoron. Kabahin pud nah cya sa among trabaho. 4. “The KGV was organized 2001 or 2002- as far as I remember. I entered the KGV in 2002. I was only a member at that time” 4a. “We have 9 members. As their president, I am the 10th member here in Kaatuan and we’re all males. We don’t have a female member” 4b. “We have 1,996 hectares of forest jurisdiction that we need to monitor every month. We patrol every day so we can cover the entire 1,996 hectares in a month. Aside from our regular patrolling, we also have our emergency patrolling especially when our members inform us that they hear a sound of chainsaws. We monitor it immediately. That is part of our task as KGV” 565 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 5. Did you attend or participate in any ELE (Environment Law Enforcement) training organized by B+WISER project (e.g. LAWIN or (Landscape and Wild Life Indicators)? [Note: ask them to name all other NRM-related trainings attended] 5a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? 5b. What did you learn from this or these training/s? 5c. What benefits did you or your community get from these trainings? 5. Naka apil nasad ko ana pareha aning gi himosa B+WISER karon nga gi train mi sa pag gamit sa tablet pag gamit sa GPS, mao tong SMART LAWIN. Akong mga kauban naka balo na sila pero kailangan pa i-improve. Karong tuiga ra pud to ang training, mga 3 months palang ang gilabay. 5a. Ang na train sa akong sakop kay mga 6 kabuuk. Dili tanan kay naa man work ang uban. Ang mga full time ga KGV mao naka apil 5b. We learned sa among pagpatrolya. Naa pud sa BMS kung unsa nga species sa mga langgam ang amo ma kita sa lasang. Pati ang mga measurement, among i-map. Mga species sa langgam ug kahoy among kwaan ug record. Gi record namo ang height sa kahoy. Automatic cya ma record. Paspas cya di naka mag sulat sa ballpen. Maayo unta gyud to kung naa na sa amoa ang tablet. Kay kung madugay nga wala ma practice, malimtan man. Puli pulihan man sa kada barangay so madugay ug balik sa amoa Who provided the tablet? B+WISER Did you have other trainings? Sa amoa diri, mao ra man nah. Sa NAMIARC, nahisgutan gyapon ang mga specific roles namo para among lasang dili mapasipad-an. Ang mga part sa lasang nga niagi ug kaingin, di na jud dapat to mautrohan. Bahin sa training para SMART LAWIN nalang daun Trainings other than those from B+WISER? Wala man. Pero ang DENR nag hatag ra sila ug info nga need jud namo ang training from B+WISER What support did you receive from DENR? Naay gi gahin ni Gov sa amoa nga 1million pesos diha gikuha ang budget namo every month kay per barangay naa man 5,000 pesos nga budget. Kwaan panamo ug hospitalization fund nga 200, naa pud 100 per month nga mutual fund in case naa mi kauban nga mamatay SMART LAWIN benefit: Sa ako lang, malipay pud ko nga naka kat-on ko ana kay maayo pud to cya nga pamaagi tungod kay ang among dagan sa among patrolya kay paspas na. Hinoon mejo langan lang gamay kay mas maayo unta ug daghan ang tablet among magamit. Kung naa kai makita nga gapamutol kahoy, pwede ra man namo cya picturan. Pwede namo cya ma scale kay naa man GPS. Mao pud naka ingon ko nga maayo lipay sad mi kay naa pud hatag ang B+WISER, maski grade 6 ra among grado, nahatagan mi ug kahibalo nila para sa kaayuhan 566 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 5. “I also attended those trainings just like that B+WISER conducted recently where we were trained to use the tablet and the GPS- that was SMART LAWIN. My members were also taught and they already know how to use it but they still need to improve. The training was given just this year, I think 3 months ago” 5a. “6 of my members were trained. Not every one of them were able to join the training because the other members have their own respective jobs too. Those members who are full time KGV’s were the ones who joined” 5b. “We learned through our daily patrolling. We also have the BMS where we are able to know the species of birds we find in the forest. We’re also able to map measurements now. We record he species of birds and trees. We record the height of the tree. It automatically gets recorded. It’s very time efficient because you don’t need to write it using a ballpen. It’s best if we are able to keep the tablet in our group. If we’re not able to use it for some time, there’s a tendency that we will forget how to use it. The barangays share with using one tablet so it takes time for us to use it again because we have to wait until the other barangays finish using it” “Here in our barangay, it was only SMART LAWIN. In NAMIARC, we have discussed our specific roles as KGV’s. The areas of the forest that went through kaingin, we have to make sure it won’t happen again. With regards to training, we only got SMART LAWIN. “None. DENR only gave us an information that we need to take the training from B+WISER” “Our Governor allotted a 1 Million pesos monthly budget to us and that’s where we take our 5,000 pesos budget per barangay. We take hospitalization fund of 200 pesos from that fund too. We also take 100 pesos per month as our mutual fund in case we have a member who dies while on active duty as a KGV” “I was happy that I was able to learn new things from our SMART LAWIN training and it was very effective because it made the flow of our patrolling smoother and faster. Well, there are times where it gets delayed because the tablet is being shared with other barangays. It’s best that we get more tablets so we can all use them simultaneously. With the tablet, once we see people cutting trees, we can immediately take photos of the violation. We can scale it using GPS. I’m grateful because even if we only finish Grade 6 (Elementary Education), B+WISER was able to share the knowledge to us especially that it’s for the common good of nature” 567 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 6. As BantayGubat organization do you have an enforcement plan? What does the plan contain (ie, list of possible violations, sanctions, process of resolving cases of violations, etc)? Do you follow the enforcement plan? [Note: Probe if the plan is written; copy of document has to be collected by the secondary data collector] 6. Isa namo ka balaod dha, kung di mag duty among guard, deductionan ang iyang madawat. Kwentahon iyang ma kobra, drecho deduction sa iyang honorarium Wala na gyud ga supak diri ka among kapitan kay PAMB member man. Adtong niaging tuig, naa man niabot diri nga nag kalot kalot, among kapitan ang nag badlong, kami sad amo cyang gi badlong. From San Fernando ang violator. Nag tuo man gud sila nga naay mga bulawan diri kay napuy-an man ni sa mga hapon ug amerikano. Amo silang gi badlong. Musugot mi mag treasure sila pero mananghid sila sa opisina, magpakita sila ug permit. Mao ra gyud to ang nahitabo last year. Wala na gyud karon. Na settle ra gyud cya 6. “One of our regulations is regarding the hours of work for each KGV. If one guard does not report to his post, he will have deductions from his monthly honorarium. We deduct the amount he’s supposed to earn for the day he was absent” “There were no more violations and there were no more violations because our Barangay Captain is a PAMB member. Last year, treasure seekers and diggers entered our areas. We, the KGV’s along with our Barangay Captain handled the situation. Those violators are from San Fernando. They thought that they can dig gold from our forest because they knew that the Japanese and the American used to live here. We told them we would allow treasure seekers only if they ask for permission from our office. That’s the only violation that happened last year and it was settled peacefully. There are no more violations happening today.” 7. Do you receive assistance (monetary or material) for performing your role as BantayGubat? What type of assistance do you receive? 7a. Where does the support come from? 7b. How do you assess the kind of support? Why? [Note: Probe whether the support is enough or not] 7. Sa DENR, gawas sa akoa labaw man akoa gamay, 600 man ako per month. Ang limpyo lang, tag 455 kada bulan kada member. Sa MLGU, tag 300 kapin per month, sa DENR nga 6thousand for guards pud. Ang MCABI contractual nga monthly pero every two months mi paka receive, 750 per month o 1500 every two months. 7a. B+WISER. Naa sila gihatag nga trainings, sudlanan sa tubig, murag canteen sa tubig. Sa Baungon, naa pud naghatag ug boots ug raincot. Sa MLGU sa Lantapan, uniform sa KGV pud among nadawat 7b. Ug sa ako lang, dili gyud cya kaayo masaligan namo sa panginabuhi. Kung sa serbisyo namo,kulang gyud cya. Kung wala ang KGV, murag wala na jud ning lasang cguro. Sauna sa DENR, ang forest rangers sauna daghan2x man, karon kami na mga KGV. Ang plan namo sa akongsakop, unta ma omentohan among honorarium kay kung tan-awon nato, dili gyud cya ma saligan 568 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES Here in Kaatuan, other than DENR, we receive funds from the Governor. We also receive 4,000 pesos from the MLGU (DILG) monthly. We also receive monetary allowance from MCABI (Banana Plantation) because part our patrolling is to monitor and look after their water systems. My members receive 1,500 pesos every two months. DENR also gives something to the guards monthly. They work the whole day by shifts covering the 24 hours and they divide 6,000 pesos by themselves 7. From DENR, other than me since I’m receiving 600 pesos per month- a bit higher than my members who are receiving 455 pesos per month for each member. From MLGU, they also give 300 pesos per month. DENR also gives 6,000 pesos per month to be divided by the guards. From MCABI, we’re contractual so we receive 1,500 pesos every two months or 750 pesos per month. 7a. “B+WISER provided the support. They provided a water canteen during our trainings. In Baungon, they also provided rain boots and rain coats. The MLGU of Lantapan also provided us with KGV uniforms” 7b. For me, I cannot consider being a KGV a livelihood. What we receive as honorarium does not equal the service that we provide. If there are no KGV’s, I think the forest will be destroyed. There were many Forest Rangers under DENR before, but now, there are only KGV’s. Our group has planned to request for an increase in honorarium because it’s really not enough. 8. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as BantayGubat, especially in enforcement activities? How did you solve them? 8a. What challenges are faced in ELE/or being a Bantay￾gubat? 8. Wala kaayo. Sa first palang, naa ko problem, kung wala pai balaod, akong mga kauban, murag walai interest. Dili ganahan mu lihok pero ako silang gipasabot nga kining atong gisudlan, wala man mi pugsa ani, ato man ning kaugalingon nga gusto. Kay gidawat man nato ni, kung unsay isugo sa DENR sa amoa, among sundon. Ang members pud problema usahay. Threats? Wala man pud. Nahitabo to sauna mga 2003-2004 katong naay gisulod nga nag kaingin, gi hulga man mi adto. Ang mga parente palang nila mga isog kaau. Nangayo kog tabang sa munisipyo about sa threat, gi advisan ra mi nga di mi mag kompyansa. Nakasabot ra bya pud ang ilang mga parente nga ang nasal-an jud sa ilang side mao nawala pud ilang ka suko sa amoa. Nakasabot ra man pud sila 8. “Not much. I had problems at the start. I had problems with my members. If there weren’t any ordinances put to place, my members would not express their interest in serving as KGV’s. They don’t like to work on their tasks. I made them understand that we entered as a KGV by ourselves and nobody pushed us to be part of it. It was our personal decision. And because we accepted the task, we should follow the orders from DENR.” “We don’t get threats so far. It happened before, in 2003-2004 where the people who did “kaingin” threatened us. Even their relatives were raging mad. I asked for help from the MLGU regarding the threat and I was advised that we take caution. Their relatives were then able to understand that their side were the ones at fault and that led to peace between them and the KGV’s” 569 INTERVENTIONS / GUIDE QUESTIONS RESPONSES 9. What lessons/positive experiences can you share with us as BantayGubat? 9. Gawas nga naa koy gaka dawatan as KGV, naa pud mi seeds production area, though human na among contract, naa mga butang nga nakuha pud nako sa akong pagka KGV. Mao ang nahimong way para makuha nako ang ako mga gusto sauna (referring to building his own house and getting a motorcycle). Ipadayun ko pa ni hangtod tagaan ko sa ginoo sa ka taas nga kinabuhi. Mangandoy pa ko nga naa pa mi pinaskuhan madawat like madugangan ang honorarium ginagmay. Padayun gyapon misa pag serbisyo. 9. Aside from the honorarium I receive as a KGV, we also have our seeds production area and though our contract already ended, there were things that I was able to get by being part of KGV (house, motorcycle). I will continue with my service and pray that God will still give me a longer life. I will also wish that we will receive a Christmas gift like an increase in honorarium. I will continue with giving my service as a KGV 570 8. BSUDA (BASAC SMALL UPLAND DWELLERS ASSOCIATION INC.) Name: Cosme Gawingan Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment: Name of Associaiton: Basac Small Upland Dwellers Association, Inc. (BSUDA) Position in the Community or Office: PO President Name of Forest Reserved/Watershed Protected Area/Natural Park:Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park Province: Bukidnon Municipality: Lantapan Barangay: Basac Mobile no: 0948-503-6593 Date of Interview: December 1, 2015 Time started: 10:30 AM Time Ended: 11:30 AM GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENSIONS / RESPONSES How long have you been farming? 1a. How big/howmany hectares is your farm? 1b. What crops do you primarily raise in your farm? 1c. Where is the location of your farm? Is it far, near, or within the protected forest area? [Note: Check if the farmer is aware of the boundary of the protected area] 1. For about decades. Vice mayor ko sa una for 3 terms. Pag-undang nako, na elect dayon ko ug pagka president sa PO. That was year 2011. For about decades. I was a vice mayor for 3 terms. After that, I was elected 1a. 30 hectares 1b. Vegetable 1c. Naa mi gitawag nga CBFM (Community Based Forest Management) area nga nikabat ug 517 hectares. Ang pananom ani kay kape ug katong gikan sa NGP. Individual occupants with a total number of 166 members. Located ni sa tiilan sa kitanglad, sulod sa buffer zone connecting protected area. We had a 517 hectares area called CBFM (Community Based Forest Management). Coffee and plants from NGP were planted there. There are 166 individual occupants in the area and it is located at the foot of Mt. Kitanglad, inside the buffer zone connecting protected area. 2. What is the present status of your forest area? 2. Dunay portion nga na reforest na gumikan sa NGP (National Greening Program) under DENR. Dunay pod ongoing nga gikan sa BUB (Bottoms up Budget), 58 hectares nga gitamnan ug fruit trees and coffee, supervised by DENR also. Dunay mga portion of patches nga na rehabilitate na. 571 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENSIONS / RESPONSES 2. A portion has now become a forest because of NGP(National Greening Program) under DENR. Another one from BUB(Bottoms up Budget) is also on going. It is 58 hectares and it’s been planted with fruit trees and coffee, as supervised by DENR too. Portions have also been rehabilitated already. 3. Does your organization have an environmental and forest management program in your community? 3a. What is the present status of your organization’s environmental and forest management program in your community? 3b. Have there been changes in your environmental and forest management program? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? 3. Yes. Ang purpose ani para ma rehabilitate ug ma reduced ang soil erosion. 3a. Mas nilig-on. Ang indication, kay nawala na ang illegal activities like cutting trees, etc. 3b. No response. 3. Yes. The purpose of this is to rehabilitate and to reduce soil erosion. 3a. It has been established. An indicator of this is the ceasing of illegal activities such as cutting trees, etc. 4. Have you observed any changes in your forest areas? What are these changes? What are the causes of these changes? [Note: Probe if one of the causes of the changes is attributed to the presence or absence of an environmental and forest management 4. Nawala na ang mga illegal activities tungod kay aware na ang mga tao gumikan sa napalig-on nga environmental and forest management program. 4. Illegal activities have stopped because people are now aware of it. This is due to the well-established environmental and forest management program. 5. When was your group organized? Is your group organized through the B+WISER Project? 5. Na organized ni atong year 1999(SEC registered). Pero tungod kay ang previous nga president wala naka submit ug annual financial report mao tong na re-book atong August this year. 5. It was organized in 1999 (SEC registered). But because the previous president was not able to submit an annual financial report, it was rebooked on August this year. 5. Does your organization receive assistance (monetary or material) from B+WISER? What type of assistance do you receive? 5a. What other assistance does your organization receive relative to environmental and forest 5. Wala. Sa DENR lang, katong NGP) National Greening Program. Gibali ang DENR ang mag provide sa seedlings, monetary for the labor, budget for the site establishment, budget for the maintenance. Technical assistance lang ang nahatag sa B+WISER. 5a. INREMP (Integrated Natural Resources Environmental Management Project) , gikan sa DENR gihapon. Ang concentration ani kay reforestation and livelihood. 572 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENSIONS / RESPONSES management? From what sources? 5. No. Only from DENR, NGP(National Greening Program). DENR provided the seedlings, monetary for the laborers, and budget for the site establishment and maintenance. Only technical assistance was provided by B+WISER. 5a. INREMP (Integrated Natural Resources Environmental Management Project) also from DENR. It focuses on reforestation and livelihood. 6. Was your organizationasked to attend or participate in any capacity building training pertaining to NRM (natural resource management) [Note: ask them to name all NRM-related trainings attended] 6a. Who provided the training? How long was it conducted? 6b. What did the organization, through its representatives, learn from this or these training/s? 6c. What benefits did your organization or your community get from these trainings? 6. Ang kasagara maka attend sa ingon ani nga klase sa trainings and seminars (NRM related) kay ang mga PO officers with the presence of barangay officials. 6a. Joint ang B+WISER and DENR. Dili na nako ma recall kung kapila to nahitabo basta kadgahan. Naay panahon nga sa CDO e held ang seminar. Ang attendees kay ang personnel sa DENR, PASU, CENRO, MENRO, PO officers, KGV chairmen. 6b. Kon unsaon pag protektar sa protected area. 6c. Additional knowledge particularly sa mga KGVs, ingon man sa community. Tungod ana, ni reduced ang illegal activities. Awareness pod sa community kung unsaon pag-amping sa forest area. 6. Usually, PO officers with the presence of barangay officials attend NRM related trainings and seminars. 6a. B+WISER and DENR are together. I can no longer recall how often it happened. There were times when seminars were held in CDO. The attendees include the personnels of DENR, PASU, CENRO, MENRO, the PO officers, and the KGV chairmen. 6b. How to protect the protected area. 6c. It gives additional knowledge particularly to KGVs, as well as in the community. This has reduced illegal activities. It has also given the community an awareness on how to care for the forest area. 573 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENSIONS / RESPONSES 7. Has your organization participated in any enforcement activities relative to your environmental management program of your forest resources? 7a. What is your organization’s role in these enforcement activities? 7b. What benefits did you or your organization get from these enforcement activities? 7c. What problems has your organization experienced with regard to enforcement of environmental activities? 7. Dili gyod ang akong organization as a whole, pero naa may pipila ka membro sa among asosasyon nga mga KGVs, sila raani ang maka pakigbahin aning gitawag ug enforcement activities. 7a. Wala kung bahin sa enforcement activities. Ang gatinabangay gyod nga magbantay sa PA kay ang KGVs ug barangay council. Naa silay regular nga patrolling. 7b. Sa KGVs nga member sa among asosasyon, naa. Ang benepisyo nga ilang nakuha mao nga naa silay honorarium ug additional knowledge sa ila nga part. Ug ang ilang kahibalo, gina share na nila sa ubang membro. Gumikan ana, naay active nga participation. 7. Not my organization totally. But some members of my organization are KGVs. Only they can participate in this so-called enforcement activities. 7a. None. The KGVs and the barangay council help one another to look over the PA They have regular patrolling. 7b. There is for those KGVs who are members of our association. They benefit from the honorarium and additional knowledge that they get. In turn, they share the knowledge to other members which results to an active participation. 8. Is your organization a recipient of the partnership that the B+WISER Project forged with the DSWD’s Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program that allows continued support for forest/watershed/PA protection and management? 8. Naay pipila sa akong membro nga beneficiary ani. Pero wala koy idea kung ang ilang nadawatan, para ba to sa padayon nga pagsuporta sa pagprotektar sa kalasangan? Pero naay bag-o lang nga gihatag nga assistance (cash assistance) gikan sa DSWD. Ang beneficiaries ani kay mga IPs. 8. Some members are beneficiaries. However, it is unclear if those are for continuous support to protect the forest. On the other hand, there is also another assistance (cash assistance) provided by DSWD. The beneficiaries are the IPs. 9. Has your organization put up forest restoration projects in your area? Please expound. 9. Wala nga kanang initiated gyod sa among association. Kato rang sa NGP, BUB (on going), INREMP (coming). 9. Not with our organization. Only those initiated by NGP, BUB and the incoming project by INREMP. 10. What are the livelihood projects introduced by your organization in your community in support to forest restoration activities? 10. Naay livelihood program nga gi download sa amoa from PTFCF (NGO), this year lang. Since usa mi nga excellent performer nga PO, usa mi nga fortunate nga nakadawat ug 100,000. Gikan ani nga budget, naghimo mi ug nursery, seedling production. Kung naa nay ma produce nga seedling, mao to ang ihatag sa mga members. 574 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENSIONS / RESPONSES 10. Just this year, a livelihood program was downloaded to us by PTCFC, an NGO. We were fortunate to have received 100,000 since we are one of the excellent PO performers. 11. Any problem encountered in your forest restoration activities? What are these? Did you solve them? 11. Wala. Kay united man ang tanang members sa association. 11. None because all the members in the association are united. 12. What are the challenges that your organization face in your forest restoration activities? 12. Wala. Kay pareha atong sa PTFCF (NGO), ang time table nga ilang gihatag is 6 months lang para mahuman to nga project. Na hit man pod namo ang target kay cooperative man akong mga members. 12. None because we were cooperative. For instance, when PTCFC gave us a time table of 6 months to finish the project, we were able to hit the target 13. What are the specific activities or projects being undertaken by your organization in your community that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Wala pa. Not yet. 14. Are these activities effective? Please explain. No response 15. In what activities related to forest/ watershed/PA protection and management is your organization tapped? Forest restoration project 16. Any problems encountered by your group relative to your inclusion or exclusion (participation and non￾participation) in activities related to forest/watershed/PA protection and management? None. 17. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project? Please explain. 17a. Are they effective? In what way? 17. Yes 17a. Yes. Kay kung makalimot ang mga tao sa community, naa silay pwede mabalikan para ma review (e.g brochures, etc). So,mapahinumdoman matag karon ug unya. Yes because whenever the people in the community forget, they have something to review (e.g. brochures, etc.). Everybody is reminded every now and then. 18. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve None 575 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENSIONS / RESPONSES these problems? 19. What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? None 20. What lessons/positive experiences can your organization share with us relative to its participation in the environmental and forest management? Due to trainings and seminars nga nakuha namo particularly sa mga officers nga maoy ipasa namo sa mga members, naa na silay awareness, nakasabot sila. Tungod ana, naa ang harmony. The trainings and seminars provided, particularly to officers, which are then passed on to the members helped increase awareness and understanding. The result is a harmonious organization. 576 9. PASu, PAMB and other Officials Key Informants Name: Datu Manlarawan – Eduardo RautRaut Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment:: Name of Associaiton: Position in the Community or Office: PO President PAMB Chairman – Chairman of the Ecotoursism Committee / Chairman for Ecotoursm 2004 / Chairman of the IPs. Served more than 21 years as voluntary guardian of Mr. Kitanglad / Mandatory Representative for the IPs in the barangay Name of Forest Reserved/Watershed Protected Area/Natural Park:Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park Province: Bukidnon Municipality: Manolo Fortich Mobile no: 09183738122 Date of Interview: November 16, 2015 Time started: 9:30 AM Time Ended: 11:00 AM GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your work in MKRNP/MANP forest area? 1a. What is your role/participation in the forest, watershed, and PA management? 1. I am the present Chairman for Ecotourism. Chairman for the IP community gihapon ko 1a. We are in the ecotourism so every now and then, I come to the area to inspect potential ecotourism sites. We have one in Lantapan, the one that shares with Mt. Kitanglad. We have another one in Mangasa Bird Watching area. Lantapan area’s Mt. Kitanglad summit and Mt. Dulang-Dulang is our main priority. We also did a clean-up drive during the Philippine Centennial in 1998 in Mt. Kitanglad. Once ina while, climbers participate in cleaning too. We also have site visits to other PA’s to get their best practices. B+WISER promised to take us for a study tour abroad. We are still waiting but I hope they will keep their promise so we can learn from other places and apply it here in our Protected Area 2. What is the present status of B+WISER project in the area? 2a. What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? 2b. What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER 2. We are doing good. We are very happy and very thankful that B+WISER is there through their intervention and their capacity. A lot of trainings were conducted to us like trainings sa management for ecotourism as well as IP management. They conducted a lot of trainings because that’s their main concern- Capacity Building. 2a. We are very pleased and very fortunate to have them as an intervener. We don’t have our own funding for Mt. Kitanglad. We are making follow ups with DENR. We need to fully operate our management plan and for that, we need 20 Million Pesos fund support. This was not included man when Mt. Kitanglad was established. They did it hurriedly, never minding that the funding will come later as long as established na siya. I was the one who moved for the acceptance of the B+WISER as an intervener. I was the one. I was then seconded by Datu Makapukaw 577 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES project has brought to your work? Please explain. 2c. What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront? 2d. How do you think these problems should be solved? 2e. What are the challenges that the project should face? 2f. Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain. 2g. What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? 2b. So far, the primary, remarkable or tangible intervention that they have given was the funding assistance from the USAID for the documentation of the Indigenous Peoples of Mt. Kitanglad. I was the one who was in the meeting. I’m very much aware and very thankful that the funding had come. It wasan estimate of 3.2 million. We had the ceremonial signing during the Indigenous Peoples day last August. The heads of B+WISER were there. We had a lot of pictures during the event. I am very thankful withthe Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN) because they are the ones that assisted during the documentation which we started 2 months ago.We did an identification of the IP’s who will supply data with regards to the unwritten laws. There is an intention to preserve the culture for the future. That is the greatest contribution and intervention of B+WISER to the IPs Mount Kitanglad 2c. There were some differenceslike the clamor for the documentation. This was not entertained before. It was not implemented. It was not thefault of B+WISER personnel here in Bukidnon because the decision to not implement is was from their superiors. That was the only problem but it was not delayed because of B+WISER. It was delayed because of the differences. 2d. We did a ritual and I decided the meeting instead of Datu Makapukaw. He was the one who was the subject of the controversy. After our ritual, everything was approved and there was a resolution. It was resolved and it was very fast. The funding of 2.8 million pesos followed right after that. We have pacified the feelings of the Indigenous Peoples . It was their lamentations and now it was already fulfilled. Funded through the Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN), we worked on it side by side. It was the only problem and it was resolved. 2e. We do not know what is in store for us in the future. We don’t know yet but so far, they have conducted their intervention and they are doing good 2f. Yes. It’s on track especially that the conduct of the documentation of the I.P’s is now on track. Likewise, on trainings, they always provide us with the necessary guides. We have the training assistance. They are very cooperative 2g. They just have to be consistent with their program with us. If possible, expedite those lined up agenda that they have and then continue, if possible, to give more trainings that are very necessary. Capacity building to project managers and chairmen. Pretty soon they will be able to send us for a study tour because that’s what we want also. The knowledge gained from other protected areas will be applied here in our own PA 3. What are ELE being implemented in MKRNP? 3. We have our Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV) in place which is very effective in the forest protection. The Indigenous Peoples (IP) also have their own way of protecting the forest through 578 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 3a. What do you think is the status of implementation of ELE? Please explain. 3b. Are they following an enforcement plan? Please tell us of this enforcement plan? 3c. Who formulated the enforcement plan? 3d. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement plan? 3e. What is your role/function in assisting in the planning and implementation of ELE? their rituals. There’s also the Kitanglad Act that is being reinforced. 3a. There’s no problem with its implementation. We have more than 300 Kitanglad Guard Volunteers(KGV) that handles it. We are supporting them. Although little lang ang honorarium but they are very participative. It’s their very life and they are staying there so they have to protect it. The Indigenous Peoples (IP) also have their own way of protecting the forest. There’s also the Kitanglad Act that is being reinforced. What we are only dragging is that we don’t have this needed funding to operate our management plan which costs us 20 million pesos per year but once it is in place, it will be smooth. We are still surviving. 3a. Yes. It is well implemented by our Kitanglad Guard Volunteers KGV’S. They recently even had a conference last September 4, 5,and 6 of this year 2015 at the Aldao Ta Kitanglad where they have sworn to voluntarily protect Mt.Kitanglad 3c. It’s the Protected Area Superintendent (PASU). We, the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) and the members, we are the ones that make policies with respect with the Environmental Law Enforcement (ELE).The Protected Area Superintendent (PASU) is the implementing body. They function as our secretariat. 3d. It is part of the General Funding Contribution from the Local Government Units (LGU). Some LGU’s have 3 million pesos. Here in Manolo Fortich, we have more or less 300 thousand pesos as our contribution. There are 8 Local Government Units (LGU) surrounding Mt. Kitanglad. The support we can give Mt. Kitanglad depends on that contribution. We depend now on Department of Budget and Management (DBM) for the 20 Million Pesosannual funding to fully operate Mt. Kitanglad. As of now, we can only do little. We are constraint by our funding. We only survive from the contribution of the 8 LGU’s. We in the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) do not receive even a single cent but we have this strong devotion to our Protected Area (PA). Other provinces rely on Mt. Kitanglad for water because it is a watershed. For the trainings that are conducted by B+WISER, though they’re not conducted often and the trainings are also just basic, they are being provided. The Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) is the one that provides financial support like honorarium 3e. My function is through the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) . I do decision making. I am one of the pillars of the PAMB. Most of my decisions are being carried out. 4. What support/assistance did you provide in capacity building/training of POs, women, CBOs, Bantay Gubat, IPs, and others did you provide/get involve with relative to forest, watershed, PA management of MKRNP? 4. We just participate in whatever programs being conducted but then in my part, I justassist. I only have ideas that I could share. Once in a while, we have a meeting. I participate and coordinate. 579 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 4. What are these trainings? 4b. Who are the participants? 4a. A lot of trainings were conducted to us like trainings sa management for ecotourism as well as IP management. They conducted a lot of trainings because that’s their main concern- Capacity Building. 4b. Most of the time, when it’s being directed for Capacity Building for Ecotourism, some ecotourism officers from LGU’s participate. On the part of the I.P’s, if naay capacity building directed para sa ila, present pud ko. 5. Do you have a program in forest restoration? Please explain. 5a. Did you support the community or any POs, groups in their forest restoration activities? 5b. What is the nature of your support? 5c. Did you have a hand in introducing livelihoods activities in support of forest restoration activities in the area? 5d. What are these livelihood activities? 5e. Who are the participants of these activities? 5. Yes. Forest Restoration is our primary project. We are now implementing the National Greening Project (NGP) from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). Lots of funds are being pulled in. It is implemented by the Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV) in Mt. Kitanglad. It’s their livelihood. Holcim Cement Corporation also provides them with seedlings. Our KGV’s are also being provided with equipment and the livelihood projects that are given to the people of Mt. Kitanglad are non-destructive like walay gamiton dapat nga fertilizers nga dili organic 5a. Yes. Through natural rejuvenation. We have gained more than 3,000 hectares through natural rejuvenation augmented by the National Greening Program. Resource users are also required to reforest. For UNIFRUTTI Services Inc., we require them to reforest 5 hectares. Those companies around Mt. Kitanglad that need water are being required to reforest. We require them 5b. We are the ones that require the companies around Mt. Kitanglad that need water to reforest. That is the nature of my support through the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) . We do not actually operate single handedly. We operate through our Protected Area Superintendent (PASu). We have policies and we have it implemented through PASu 6. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Please explain 6a. Are they effective? In what way? 6b. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems 6. That’s the responsibility of the Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN). They provide updatesabout the status of Mt Kitanglad every now and then. We also have displays in Laguindingan Airport about our Ecotourism here in Mt. Kitanglad. Those displays need materials and it is being produced by the Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN) which somehow also being assisted by B+WISER 6a. Yes, because they are very informative. We even want it to be provided every now and then. It serves as an advertisement and those materials are a great help in information dissemination 6b. None. We don’t encounter problems. In seminars and meetings, they are being provided by the Kitanglad Integrated NGO’s (KIN) or B+WISER and other sectors 6c 580 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 6c. What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? None 7. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as PAMB officials/leaders or officers of your office relative to forest and watershed and PA management in MKRNP? 7. I don’t have problems in my task implementation. We only have problems with funding. We cannot bring forth development in this point in time because we don’t have funds. As for cooperation and implementation, they are always in place. If you need infrastructure, you will need funding. We are developing Private-Public-Partnership (PPP). We have in Cinchona where the private people provide for the catering. So far, only the infrastructure is lacking. But as soon as we receive the 20 million pesos from Department of Budget and Management (DBM) which is already approved and is being lobbied now, we can operate smoothly. We have hard time implementing because of lack of funds. But management and operation wise, we have no problem. 8. What are lessons learned in performing your tasks as PAMB that you can share for the improvement of works related to forest, watershed and PA management? 8. Through cooperation, coordination, and collaboration, we can do everything. Ofcourse with the devotion of people especially like us who are voluntary workers. Even if you have plenty of money, you cannot do anything significant when it comes to sincere intention for protection. But if you have that love, even if you don’t have enough funding, you can still go on. It is very important that Mt. Kitangld will be protected. Many lives depend on it not only the Indigenous Peoples(IPs) but all areas that need water. We were pillars of the Mt. Kitanglad protection. The three of us were awarded emeritus: Me, Datu Saway Makapukaw and Alex Calingasan. If nobody will do it, we will do it that’s why we volunteer. Bahala ug walay kwarta. 581 10. PASu, Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Officer Name: Daniel Somera Age: Sex: Male Educational Attainment:: Name of Associaiton: Provincial Environment and Natural Resource Position in the Community or Office: Protected Area Superintendent Name of Forest Reserved/Watershed Protected Area/Natural Park:Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park Province: Bukidnon Municipality: Malaybalay City Mobile no: 09173154895 Date of Interview: November 16, 2015 Time started: 6:00 PM Time Ended: 8:00 PM GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 1. What is the present status of your work in Mt Kitanglad Range Natural Park forest area? 1a. What is your role/participation in the forest, watershed, and PA management? 1. As Park Area Superintendent (PASu), at least with our former PASu promoted as assistant regional director, in place na ang activities sa Mt. Kitanglad. The challenges that I’m facing now is how to sustain and explore added facilities to source out potential funders for the livelihood component of the community. Despite Mt. Kitanglad has already reached thatfar, we can’t deny that poverty is one of the remaining main issues of the park 1a. Ofcourse, considering that it’s a watershed area, protektahan gyud. Water bodies eminate from Mt. Kitanglad. It supplies 3 major river sytems in Bukidnon, namely Tagoloan river, Pulangi river and Cagayan river. It provides water not only in the province of Bukidnon but also to the joining provinces of Misamis Oriental and Cotabato. We call it Mindanao Rio Grande where Pulangi is the openingand it empties towards Cotabato. Cotabato is the rice capital of Mindanao and water is a very vital resource. In Pulangi, naa pud ang hydro-electric power plant which is NAPOCOR, a very vital government project. Isa nah cya sa gisupplyan ug water from Mt. Kitanglad. Maski limited funding ang amoa diri, we still get support from the LGUs sa tanan communities surrounding Mt. Kitanglad for protection and management. In Bukidnon, we provide 3 million pesos for support namo sa Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV). We consider it very important because we know limited ang fund namo gikan sa DENR. Provincial Government fund amo gamit for the KGV honorarium. Before, voluntary jud nah sila pero starting 2011, naa na silay honorarium. We give 5 thousand pesos per group, per month. At least dili na zero. What is the functional structure of the offices directly involved in PA protection? The Park Area Superintendent (PASu), office only serves as the secretariat of the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) being chaired by the Regional Director. Mayors with political jurisdiction over the park are also members of the PAMB. They make up the decision making body. 582 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES We, in the PASu, we schedule meetings for the PAMB to resolve issuesin majority decision. Whatever ilang ma agreehan, kami ang mag-implement. Naa gyapon ang DENR and its Regional Director because the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) considering politicians sila, naa mi assistance sa ilang policy making.The PAMB chair will give decision to the PAMB members, naa silay check and balance. They make sure they are anchored with the existing policies. This is also the same with the Indigenous Peoples (IP) chair and the IP members. 1. As Park Area Superintendent (PASu), at least with our former PASu promoted as assistant regional director, our activities for Mt. Kitanglad is already in place. The challenges that I’m facing now is how to sustain and explore added facilities to source out potential funders for the livelihood component of the community. Despite Mt. Kitanglad has already reached that far, we can’t deny that poverty is one of the remaining main issues of the park. 1a. Of course, considering that it’s a watershed area, protection is expected. Water bodies eminate from Mt. Kitanglad. It supplies 3 major river sytems in Bukidnon, namely Tagoloan river, Pulangi river and Cagayan river. It provides water not only in the province of Bukidnon but also to the joining provinces of Misamis Oriental and Cotabato. We call it Mindanao Rio Grande where Pulangi is the opening and it empties towards Cotabato. Cotabato is the rice capital of Mindanao and water is a very vital resource. In Pulangi, we also have the hydro-electric power plant which is NAPOCOR, a very vital government project. It’s one of the industries being supplied by water coming from Mt. Kitanglad. Though we have limited funding, we still get support from the LGUs of all the communities surrounding Mt. Kitanglad for protection and management. In Bukidnon, we provide 3 million pesos for support to our Kitanglad Guard Volunteers (KGV). We consider it very important because we know our funds from DENR is limited. We use the Provincial Government fund for the KGV honorarium. Before, our KGV’s are purely voluntary but starting 2011, they started receiving their honorarium. We give 5 thousand pesos per group, per month. At least, not anymore zero. The Park Area Superintendent (PASu) office only serves as the secretariat of the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) being chaired by the Regional Director. Mayors with political jurisdiction over the park are also members of the PAMB. They make up the decision making body. We, in the PASu, we schedule meetings for the PAMB to resolve issues in majority decision. Whatever they have agreed with is being implemented by our office. There’s still the DENR and its Regional Director because the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) considering they’re politicians, we have assistance with policy making. The PAMB chair will give decision to the PAMB members, they have check and balance. They make sure they are anchored with the existing policies. This is also the same with the Indigenous Peoples (IP) chair and the IP members. 583 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 2. What is the present status of B+WISER project in the area? 2a What is your general impression of the B+WISER Project? 2b What so far is the greatest impact that the B+WISER project has brought to your work? Please explain. 2c What are the major problems that the B+WISER project should confront? 2d. How do you think these problems should be solved? 2e. What are the challenges that the project should face? 2g. What are your suggestions or recommendations to improve, if needed, the performance of B+WISER project? 2f. Do you think the implementation of the B+WISER project is on track? Please explain 2. The work status of B+WISER is very important sa amoa. Sa DENR, in terms sa budget, limitado among galaw. We only function within our means. Karon nga naa ang B+WISER, they fill in the gaps. Though naay limitations kay ilang goal is capacity building and technical assistance man. Sa amoa, kung naa mi gusto kab-oton but beyond our means, among ipa-abot sa B+WISER depende kung ma approve. One issue is the capacitation of the PAMB and PASu. If naa mi financial constraint, with the right technical expertise and technical assistance, sila mag tabang sa amoa. Like now, naa mi problem sa EcoTourism to review our management plan, B+WISER will assist us with that. One of the important developments is Mt. Kitanglad kay we are one of the Protected Areas. Naa mi forest gain. In 1982, around 6000 trees ang na apektohan from forest fire. That area was considered burnt. B+WISER then conducted a study. They found out that even without man made intervention sa area, as long as naay guard, ang burnt area has the ability to heal itself when left undisturbed. Inclusive 2003-2010, naay forest gain of 3,768 hectares. Amo nang gihatag nga credit sa among KGV. Interms sa water shed, ang plan nila is to put an intervention to CDOORB. Dili sila confined karon sa watershed lang sa Mt. Kitanglad. Among nabantayan sa ila, after the aftermath of Sendong, dili lang sila ga focus sa source but to the empties nga area like Cagayan River. Karon naa silay intervention sa LGU Baungon, Libona and Talakag para mag buhat ug Forest Plan 2a.Walay negative namo nga impression sa B+WISER considering ga promote mi mag establish as much as possible sa number of stakeholders nga mu support sa Mt Kitanglad. Pag sugod sa B+WISER, maski gani adtong sa wala pa, once the project is from USAID, we consider it nga dako kaau nga tabang whether technical or financial support. Maski grabe ang ilang auditing system, okay gihapon kaayo. Ila man gud nga systema kay tagaan ka nilag funding provided nga mu follow ka sa ilang guidelines. Kung ma comply lang nah nimo, fokay kaayo 2b. Maybe sa Forest Protection considering nga naa silay new software nga mag monitor ug illegal activities nga ginatawag ug SMART LAWIN. Ang among KGVs, partners man gyud nah namo sila pero in terms of educational attainment, medyo mubo mubo gyud ang ilang nalampos. Wala gani nakahuman ug elementary ang uban. Now, kinahanglan sila uga assistance sa technical capability para sa ilang monitoring like SMART LAWIN pareho anang pag gamit ug gadgets like Tablet. Although ga lisod gyud sila, like the elderly, ga lisod sila ug gamit, pero gradually, hinay hinayan namo ug pa gamit gyud sa ila kay dako gyud ang tabang. Isa pud ang activation of sub committees. In Mt. Kitanglad, PAMB has 61 members. Despite the large composition, naa mi gi create nga PAMB executive committee nga naay mayors included. Weestablished 13 sub committees. Through B+WISER, amo ni cyang na activate. Ang B+WISER ga fund sa training. 2c. Maybe in terms sa side sa I.P. Aware siguro mo nga ang IP’s thru the leadership of Datu Makapukaw Saway, naa silay gi pangayo nga project from B+WISER pero dugay na iron out. Naay mga trainings nga ginahatag ang B+WISER sauna nga ilang gi reject kay dili culturally inclined sa ilang tribo. Gusto nila idocument ang ilang unwritten laws. Dugay na nah nila nga clamor. For uniformity 584 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES ni cya mag himo ni sila ug consensus. Didto nag sugod ang gamay nga gap sa IP’s and B+WISER, since ang B+WISER naay guidelines nga gina follow kay USAID funded man siya, naay mga rituals sa IP’s nga naay need like manok ug cigarettes nga dili pud inclined sa B+WISER. Ga reklamo sila nganu dili musugot ang B+WISER nga mu sunod sa ilang gusto about the rituals. Naghimo sila ug pamaagi nga nag meet sila sa middle. B+WISER made programs sa flexibility pati ang IP’s until na realize ang project. Niabot sa point nga nanlood na si Datu Makapukaw. 11th hour na jud sila matulog para buhat ug proposal pero pag abot sa B+WISER, dili gyapon ma approve. We have problems sa poverty pud. Though wala sa ilang mandate, but with their precedence, basin diay maka assist sila for potential funders. Matagaan nato ug appropriate nga funding ang upland communities. Bisan kami mismo, mao gyud nah among nakita nga issue. When it comes to management, walay problem. Walay problem sa achievements. Sa poverty ga tuyok gyud 2d. Though wala sa ilang mandate, but with their precedence, basin diay maka assist sila for potential funders. Matagaan nato ug appropriate nga funding ang upland communities. 2e. Ang problema lang namo diha is despite being given promotion sa amoa, kung tanawon nimo ang structure sa PA, ang definite nga staff dha ug Park Operations Superintendent (POSu), grabe among adjustment karon. Mao na ang issue karon nga i-maintain namo ang track record sa Mt. Kitanglad. Kung in case nga among mga kauban will report na to their respective, new assignments, walay mabilin diha nga staff. Dako ang intervention sa BWSIER ana nga situation 2f. Yes. So far, murag on track man sila sa ilang implementation kay na realize na man ang project pag sugod nila ug agree with the IP’s and the Tribal Council of Elders 2g. Ang Technical Assistant unta nila sa B+WISER ilang ipa adto sa field, dili kay cge lang ug interviews and balik nasad sa Manila to report. Pag check sa website, ang akong tubag sa interviews nila, mao ra gyapon ang akong makita sa website nila as report. 585 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 2. The work status of B+WISER is very important to us. Sa DENR, since we are limited in terms of budget, we only function within our means. Now that B+WISER is here, they fill in the gaps. Though there are still limitations because their goal is only providing capacity building and technical assistance. To us, if we have a goal which we want to achieve but is beyond our means, we ask for B+WISER’s assistance and hope it will be approved. One issue is the capacitation of the PAMB and PASu. If we have financial constraint, with the right technical expertise and technical assistance, B+WISER will be the one to help us. Like now, we have a problem on EcoTourism to review our management plan, B+WISER will assist us with that. One of the important developments is Mt. Kitanglad because we are one of the Protected Areas. We have forest gain. In 1982, around 6000 trees were badly affected from forest fire. That area was considered burnt. B+WISER then conducted a study. They found out that even without man made intervention in the area, as long as there are protectors doing protection, the burnt area has the ability to heal itself when left undisturbed. Inclusive 2003-2010, we had a forest gain of 3,768 hectares. We give that credit to our KGV’s. In terms of water shed, the plan is to put an intervention to CDOORB. They’re not just confined to watersheds only in Mt. Kitanglad. What we have noticed from them is that, after Typhoon Sendong’s aftermath, they don’t only focus on the water source but also to its empties like Cagayan River. Now, they have intervention to LGU Baungon, Libona and Talakag to create their own Forest Plan 2a. We don’t have negative impressions for B+WISER considering that we are promoting the establishment of- as much as possible, more stakeholders that would support Mt. Kitanglad. When B+WISER started￾even before it came in, once a project is from USAID, we consider it as a very big help whether for technical or financial support. Even if they have a very strict auditing system, it’s still very fine. It’s their protocol that they will give you funding provided that you will follow their guidelines. Once you comply with them, it’s all good 2b. Maybe the greatest impact would be in Forest Protection considering that they have a new software technology that monitors illegal activities called SMART LAWIN. Our KGV’s are our partners but their educational attainment, is low. Some of them did not even finish elementary. Now, they need assistance for technical capability for their monitoring tasks like SMART LAWIN, like when they’re using gadgets like a Tablet. Though they have a hard time- especially the elderly finds it hard to navigate the tablet- but gradually, we’ll be able to make them use the tablet more often because it’s a big help to them in performing their tasks. One other thing is the activation of the sub committees. In Mt. Kitanglad, PAMB has 61 members. Despite the large composition, we have created a PAMB executive committee that includes mayors. We established 13 sub committees. Through B+WISER, it was activated. B+WISER also funds the training. 2c. Maybe in terms of the side of the IP’s. Maybe you’re aware that the IP’s, leadership is under Datu Makapukaw –Adolino Saway, they asked for project from B+WISER that took a while to be ironed out. Before, B+WISER gave them trainings that they rejected because it was not culturally inclined with their tribe. They want to document their unwritten laws. It has been their clamor for a long time now. The 586 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES purpose of this consensus is for uniformity. That was where the gap between B+WISER and the IP’s started. Since B+WISER has to follow guidelines since it is USAID funded, there are rituals from the IP’s that need chicken and cigarettes that are not inclined with B+WISER. The IP’s complained why B+WISER does not agree and approve with their rituals. They looked for a way for them to meet at the middle. B+WISER made programs for flexibility, the IP’s did the same until the project was realized. It came to a point where Datu Makapukaw almost gave up. They stood up too late to create proposals but when presented to B+WISER, the proposals were still not approved. We also have problems with regards to poverty. Though it’s not under B+WISER’s mandate- but with their precedence, maybe they’ll be able to assist for us to get potential funders. In this way, we’ll be able to give appropriate funding to our upland communities. Even us in the office, this is what we can see as an issue. When it comes to management and achievements, we don’t have any problems. The problem is with poverty. 2d. Though it’s not under B+WISER’s mandate- but with their precedence, maybe they’ll be able to assist for us to get potential funders. In this way, we’ll be able to give appropriate funding to our upland communities. 2e. One of our problems is despite of getting promotions, when you take a look at the structure of the PA, as well as the definite staff and the Park Operations Superintendent (POSu) are having so adjustments right now. That’s our issue at present- to maintain the track record of Mt. Kitanglad. In case our colleagues will now report to their respective new assignments, there’s nobody else left in the staff. B+WISER has given a big intervention in that situation” 2f. “So far, I think they are on track with their implementation because the project has been realized as soon as they had the agreement with the IP’s and the tribal Council of Elders” 2g. “The Technical Assistant from B+WISER should be going to the field and not only conduct interviews here in Bukidnon and then go back to Manila to report. When I check the website, the answers that I gave them during interviews are also the same ones that I read from the website as their report.” 587 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 3. What are Environmental Law Enforcement being implemented in Mt Kitanglad Range Natural Park? 3a. What do you think is the status of implementation of Environmental Law Enforcement? Please explain. 3b. Are they following an enforcement plan? Please tell us of this enforcement plan? 3c. Who formulated the enforcement plan? 3d. Who provided the support (technical, financial, etc) for the enforcement plan? 3e. What is your role/function in assisting in the planning and implementation of Environmental Law Enforcement? 3. There are policies speculated sa Presidential Decree 705 and Republic Act 917 (Wildlife Preservation and Protection Act). Just to ensure nga na protektahan nato ang Kitanglad, illegal cutting and illegal occupation among gibutang dha. Conducive siya for vegetable growing like the Baguio Type vegetables nga gipakita sa amoa sa mga Igorots. Ang potato, dili cya pwede itanom repeatedly in one area. Dapat one to two cropping lang then plant nasad sa virgin area. Mao na among ga bantayan karon. Sa amoa, naka file na mi ug kaso mga 80 cases. With the intervention of KGV’s dako ang pag decline sa violations. Nagsugod ang CPAP sauna 1994 until 2006, that time, ang among average case ma-file is 6 cases every year as average. Since then, mga 2007 onwards, na trim down to 2 cases nalang siya. Ang amoa man gud, nakuha namo sa former PASu, kung nabuhat siya nga violation as long as forest violation, we immediately file a case. Masuko among PASu Felix Mirasol sauna nga magpabangay bangay mi kay di malikayan nga naay political intervention. Once we notice illegal activity sa park, mao gyud drecho actionan. Kung dili mi mufunction ug insakto, basin mubalik saamoa. Pasalamat mi sa among mga KGV’s nga maski naay threats sa ilang pag trabaho, gapabilin sila. Naa nai panahon karon nga wala na gani mi ma filan ug kaso. Pero nag sugod mi nga daghan2x gud. We are instrumental to putting behind bars the tribal leaders kay naa silay misconception about tribal domain. Kung ancenstral domain, naa na silay blanket of authority nga sila maka buut sa adto nga area. Mangayo sila ug membership fees sa mga musulod sa area, pagka preso sa duha ka elderly tribal leaders, nahimo silang eye opener sa uban with the same intent nga dili na nila padayunon kay ang pagpasaka sa kaso, seryoso ug mahitabo gyud. In Cinchona, nag file mi ug kaso kay nagpasulod sila ug tao through paying membership fee, amo gi ingnan nga di magpadayun kay against the law so nag file mi ug kaso, nag expand sila, nag file mi, nag expand sila, file nasad mi. Naka bayad sila ug bail bonds pero sa next offense nga same kaso, di na man pwede mag bayad ug bail bonds so na preso sila ug 3 yrs. Since Iglesia ni Kristo man sila, niadto ang ilang kauban kang Governor Zubiri so naay political intervention. Naka gawas sila kay tiguwang na man pudkaayo sila 3a. Naa nai panahon karon nga wala na gani mi ma filan ug kaso. Pero nag sugod mi nga daghan2x gud. 3b. We are instrumental to putting behind bars the tribal leaders kay naa silay misconception about tribal domain. Kung ancenstral domain, naa na silay blanket of authority nga sila maka buut sa adto nga area. Mangayo sila ug membership fees sa mga musulod sa area, pagka preso sa duha ka elderl tribal leaders, nahimo silang eye opener sa uban with the same intent nga dili na nila padayunon kay ang pagpasaka sa kaso, seryoso ug mahitabo gyud. In Cinchona, nag file mi ug kaso kay nagpasulod sila ug tao through paying membership fee, amo gi ingnan nga di magpadayun kay against the law so nag file mi ug kaso, nag expand sila, nag file mi, nag expand sila, file nasad mi. Naka bayad sila ug bail bonds pero sa next offense nga same kaso, di na man pwede mag bayad ug bail bonds so na preso sila ug 3 yrs. Since Iglesia ni Kristo man sila, niadto ang ilang kauban kang Governor Zubiri so naay political intervention. Naka gawas sila kay tiguwang na man pudkaayo sila. 588 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES Gi oblige namo ang KGV’s nga naa silay patrol sector. We don’t require them to do daily patrolling. They do patrolling sa mga lugar nga ilang gina adtoan permi. Considering naay man made disturbance to didto nga area. Ang advantage namo dha is naa silay land holdings didto nga forest. Since ang daily chores nila sa farm is close sa ilang area, kung naa silay ma detect, since naa mi gi issue sa ila nga 1 cellphone per group para mag relay sila ug mga reports sa amoa. Though dili kaau detalye basta naay location, date, name sa perpetrator and extent sa damage nga ilang ma describe. Ma happy na mi if ma relay na nah nga info. Kung naa gyud destruction confirmed, ma document namo ang physical damage as well as monetary damage, among picturan ang area then we file a case. Dili mi makig bargain sa perpetrators. Naa mi agreement sa Council of Elders. Naa mi agreement nga kung ang perpetator is an IP member and minor lang iyang offense, like 3 lang ka kahoy iyang irepair sa balay, sila among ipe decide, ilang isubject to SALA (cultural penalty). If IP tapos dako ang violation, musulod ang intervention sa DENR 3c. DENR and the PAMB 3d. LGU funds the technical support. The honorarium is from the Provincial Government mao tong 5,000 pesos per group per month. Among the 7 municipalities and 1 city of Malaybalay, sa logistics nila, partner nga LGU and NGO’s ang ga hatag. Ang is aka project from USAID like the EWWP hapit na sila mag terminate sa ilang project but naa silay rainboots and raincoats nga gipang hatag for each KGV. Naa pa sa office ang uban which are due for distribution. Provincial government has 3 million pesos as budget allocation annually. Our current Vice Governor is a PAMB member si Sir Alex Calingasan so advantage siya sa amoa. Wala nai Vice Governor diha sa structural composition sa PAMB but since na internalize nila ang iyang role sa PAMB, SB members are endorsing him to represent the provincial government to the PAMB. 3e. Ang Park Operations Superintendent (POSu), naay duhaka functions- Administrative ug Regulatory. For the Administrative function, naa kay staff, mag handle mo ug administrative matters, magpadagan sa office. For the Regulatory function, you make sure nga walay kadaot nga nangahitabo ug naay protection sa park. Sa Planning, considering nga secretariat man mi sa PAMB, kami ang side nga ga guide sa PAMB sa policy making. During PAMB meetings, we make sure nga ma apil cya sa agenda. Sa Protected Area Superintendent (PASu) gyud ga emanate ang plans. In terms of forest protection, since naay threat sa El Nino where fortunately, dili affected ang Kitanglad and wala siya na include sa badly affected areas, na spare ang Bukidnon sa El Nino phenomenon. Nagpatawag mi ug pre KGV Congress. Naa mi gina celebrate nga Aldaw Ta Kitanglad where part sa KGV congress ang pag present nila sa issues and concerns. Nagpabuhat mi ug pre KGV Congress supported by B+WISER para dili gubot and priority gyud namo ang concerns sa KGV. Concern namo is first quarter sa 2016 man gud ilang ingon nga worse ang el nino so nagbuhat mi ug contingency plan. Magbuhat mi ug provide ug food for work, kami magpakaon sa KGV pero sila magbuhat ug Fire Line. Na nai areas nga naay na establish nga fire line. Naay barrier nga fire line. Gikan nah cya sa PASU nga initiative. Among iimplement with KGVs 589 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 3. There are policies speculated sa Presidential Decree 705 and Republic Act 917 (Wildlife Preservation and Protection Act). Just to ensure that Mt. Kitanglad is being protected, we prohibit illegal cutting and illegal occupation. The area is conducive for vegetable growing like the Baguio Type vegetables that were shown to us by the Igorots. For potato, we do not anymore plant it repeatedly in one area. You should plant it in another area after two croppings. It should only be planted in an area for one or two croppings then change to an untouched area. That’s part of what we’re also monitoring right now. In our part, we have filed 80 cases already. With the intervention of the KGV’s, there had been a rapid decline on violations. CPAP started 1994 until 2006 and at that time, the average number of cases we filed was 6 cases every year in a year. Since then, 2007 onwards, it was trimmed down to 2 cases annually. What we’re practicing until now has long been practiced since the time of our previous PASu- any violation as long as it’s a forest violation is immediately filed with case. Previous PASu Felix Mirasol don’t like any delays with the filing because there are always times where there’s political intervention. Once we notice illegal activities in the park, we immediately take action. If we won’t do our functions right, we’ll also be the ones to suffer the consequences. We are very grateful to our KGV’s that although their tasks have threats, they still stick around. Now, there are even times where we cannot file any case at all. But we started when we were able to file many cases in a year. We are instrumental to putting behind bars the tribal leaders due to their misconception about tribal domain and that they believe that once an area is declared ancestral domain, they now have the blanket of authority to make their own decisions in that area. They collect membership fees to those who enter the area. When two elderly tribal leaders were put to prison, they became the eye openers to those people with the same intent that they will not pursue their illegal plans because they now know that we are serious with filing cases. In Cinchona, we filed a case because they let people in after collecting membership fees. We told them to stop doing it because it’s against the law and we’re going to file a case against them. But they expanded so we did really file a case. They were able to pay bail bonds but after their next offense in that same case, since they were not allowed to pay for bail bonds, they were imprisoned for 3 years. Since they are from the Iglesia ni Kristo, one of their members came to Governor Zubiri’s office so there was a political intervention. They were released because they were already very old. 3a. Now, there are even times where we cannot file any case at all. But we started when we were able to file many cases in a year. 3b. We are instrumental to putting behind bars the tribal leaders due to their misconception about tribal domain and that they believe that once an area is declared ancestral domain, they now have the blanket of authority to make their own decisions in that area. They collect membership fees to those who enter the area. When two elderly tribal leaders were put to prison, they became the eye openers to those people with the same intent that they will not pursue their illegal plans because they now know that we are serious with filing cases. In Cinchona, we filed a case because they let people in after collecting membership fees. We told them to stop doing it because it’s against the law and we’re going to file a case against them. But they expanded so we did really file a case. They were able to pay bail bonds but after their next offense in that same case, since they were not allowed to pay for bail bonds, they were imprisoned for 3 years. Since they 590 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES are from the Iglesia ni Kristo, one of their members came to Governor Zubiri’s office so there was a political intervention. They were released because they were already very old.” 3c. “We oblige our KGV’s to have their patrol sector. We don’t require them to to daily patrolling. They do patrolling on areas where they’re most frequent and see if there are man-made disturbances happening there. Our advantage is that our KGV’s have their land holdings in that forest. Since their daily chores in their farms is close to their patrol area, once they detect something and since we issued every group with 1 cellphone, they are able to relay reports to us. Though not as detailed but as long as it has the location, date, name of perpetrator and the description of the extent of damage. We’re already happy once we receive that information. Once a destruction is confirmed, we are able to document the physical damage as well as the monetary damage. We take a photo of the area and then we file a case. We don’t bargain with perpetrators. We have an agreement with the Council of Elders . We have an agreement that if a perpetrator is an I.P member with a minor offense, for example, he cut down 3 trees so he can build a house, we will let them decide and let them subject it to SALA (cultural penalty). If the perpetrator is an I.P with a big violation, that’s the time when DENR with intervene” 3d. “LGU funds the technical support. The honorarium is from the Provincial Government mao tong 5,000 pesos per group per month. Among the 7 municipalities and 1 city of Malaybalay, for their logistics, the partner LGU’s and NGO’s are the ones that provide support. Another project from USAID like the EWWP that is nearing project termination provided rainboots and raincoats given to each KGV. The other items are still at the office and are due for distribution. The provincial government has 3 million pesos as budget allocation annually. Our current Vice Governor is a PAMB member, Sir Alex Calingasan so it’s an advantage to us. We don’t have the Vice Governor position in the structural composition of the PAMB but since he internalized his role in the PAMB, SB members are endorsing him to represent the provincial government to the PAMB. ” 3e. “The Park Operations Superintendent (POSu) has two functions- Administrative ug Regulatory. For the Administrative function, we have our staff and we handle administrative matters, we keep the office up and running. For the Regulatory function, we make sure that there is no man-made destruction happening in the forest and that the park is being protected. For the Planning, considering that we are the secretariat of the PAMB, we are the side that guides the PAMB in policy making. During PAMB meetings, we make that important matters will be included in the agenda. The plans emanate from the Protected Area Superintendent (PASu). In terms of forest protection, since we have a threat for El Nino where fortunately, Kitanglad is not affected, let alone included as one of the badly affected areas, Bukidnon has been spared against the El Nino phenomenon. We called for a pre-KGV Congress. We have a celebration called Aldaw Ta Kitanglad where part of the KGV congress is the presentation of the KGV issues and concerns. We also requested for a pre-KGV Congress supported by B+WISER where we also prioritize the concerns of our KGVs. One of the concerns is thatthe worse El Nino is being thought to take effect first quarter of 2016 so we created a contingency plan. We will create and we will provide Food-For-Work, we will shoulder the food of our KGV’s and in return, they will create the fire line. There are already areas with established fire line. 591 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES This fire line has a barrier. This is an initiative of the PASu and is being implemented by the KGVs 4. What support/assistance did you provide in capacity building/training of POs, women, CBOs, Bantay Gubat, IPs, and others did you provide/get involve with relative to forest, watershed, PA management of Mt Kitanglad Range Natural Park 4a. What are these trainings? 4b. Who are the participants 4. Wala gyud. NGO ug LGU’s Tanggol Kalikasan in terms of paralegal seminars. Daghan mi ug tie ups sa Kitanglad. Karon, gina promote namo ang rainforestation and reforestation project. Ang technology ani gikan gyaponsa NGO’s 4a Not applicable 4b Sa Kitanglad, ga focus mi sa KGV kay daghan man sila- 361 sila tanan a. Nothing. It’s only the NGO and LGU’s Tanggol Kalikasan in terms of paralegal seminars. We have many tie-ups in Kitanglad. Now, we’re promoting rainforestation and the reforestation project. The technology for these projects are also from the NGO’s 4b. Here in Kitanglad, we only focus on the KGVS’s because there are 361 of them. There’s a lot of them. 5. Do you have a program in forest restoration? Please explain. 5a. Did you support the community or any POs, groups in their forest restoration activities? 5b. What is the nature of your support? 5c. Did you have a hand in introducing livelihoods activities in support of forest restoration activities in the area? 5d. What are these livelihood activities? 5e. Who are the participants? 5. Yes. We had Assisted Natural Regeneration from DENR, National Greening Program from DENR (Rainforestation Project under the Aquino administration) where our main objective is to reforest 1.5 million hectares denuded areas in the Philippines and the planting of 1.5 billion trees. 5a. Yes. 5b. We include them in the forest restoration activities by hiring them as contractors. 5c. Yes 5d. In terms sa ilang livelihood, naa pud mu tie up sa private company. Like Holcim Company, they choose Kitanglad as pilot area. 5 year partnership agreement yan where they provide seedlings and fertilizer para sa interested citizens (rubber, cacao and coffee) 5e. Upland residents and upland communities 6. Would you know of any IEC materials produced or schemes (e.g., brochures, print materials, FB) disseminated/implemented by the B+WISER Project that have relevance on forest/watershed/PA protection and management? Please explain 6a. Are they effective? In what way? 6. Yes. Naay signages and billboards where the “Don’ts” and the “Prohibited” acts are featured 6a. Yes at least naa cyay warning and reminder sa ila nga dili sila mag violate kay naay penalty 592 GUIDE QUESTIONS / INTERVENTIONS RESPONSES 6b. Any problem encountered in communication campaign activities? What are these? How did you solve these problems 6c. What are the challenges that you face in communication campaign activities? 6b. Sa among experience, ang among irecommend nga whatever signage or information paraphernalia, pamphlet, ang gamiton is vernacular kay English man gud ilang gamiton. Nice kaau ang pag discuss sa meeting, pero ang gamiton kay English ug tagalog. Dali nila ma win ang sympathy kung mag bisaya kaysa sa mag English 6c. Dali sila ma intimidate. Mangita sila ug excuse mu sibat. Mag hire sila ug bisaya ug kabalo sa work ug kabalo mag bisaya Staff and Funding 6. “Yes. There are signages and billboards where the “Don’ts” and the “Prohibited” Acts are being featured 6a. “Yes, at least it shows a warning and a reminder about our strict enforcement and the penalties that come in specific violations” 6b. “In our experiences, I would recommend that our signage, information paraphernalia and pamphlets to be used are translated to local dialect/vernacular from English because as of now, they’re using English as medium of language. It sounds nice during discussions in meetings but they’re using English and Tagalog. They would easily win the sympathy of our people if they use Bisaya than English” 6c. “They easily get intimidated. They always look for excuses to leave trainings and meetings early. They should hire people who understands Bisaya. They should hire people who knows the work and knows and speaks Bisaya” Staff and Funding 7. What problems have you encountered in performing your tasks as PASu officials of your office relative to forest and watershed and PA management in MKRNP/MANP? 7. Naa mi constraint sa mobility namo. Naa mi mga sakyanan mga vintage na. Cge na namog ginapahospital. Naami plan nga di nalang namo ipadagan. If naay opportunity, mangita mi ug lahi napud kaysa mag rely mi sa among daan nga vehicles. Dako ang gasto sa maintenance 7. We have mobility constraints. We have vintage vehicles we always take to the shop for repair. We even had a plan to not use the vehicles anymore. If there’s an opportunity, we’ll look for a new one than to rely on old vehicles where we’ll spend much for maintenance 8. What are lessons learned in performing your tasks as PASu that you can share for the improvement of works related to forest, watershed and PA management? 8. The more, the merrier. Kung daghan kag ka tabang, mas dali ang implementation sa task. Akong pasabot kay partners. Naa man PASu nga one man lang 8. The more the merrier. This is because some PASu are doing a One-Man-Job. What I meant is that if you have many hands and minds to help you, implementation tasks would be a lot easier. ANNEX VI Results of Independent Calculations of Forest Cover, Carbon Benefit and Aboveground Biomass Computations 593 ANNEX VI: RESULTS OF INDEPENDENT CALCULATIONS OF FOREST COVER, CARBON BENEFIT AND ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS COMPUTATIONS RATIONALE The primary data used in this assessment were remotely sensed images. There are a variety of imagery types that could be used and, normally, images with higher spatial and/or spectral resolutions are preferred for land-use and land-cover mapping and assessment. But higher resolution data are generally more expensive. Therefore, there is a cost effectiveness issue that needs to be considered for any remote sensing project. Because of the budget constraint and the time availability, Landsat ETM/ETM+ imageries were also considered as the primary data of the MPE team. Although rather difficult, it was possible to acquire a predominantly less percentage of cloud scene of Landsat data covering the B+WISER project sites from USGS Earth Explorer remote sensing datasets. The USGS Earth Explorer gives a quick and intuitive way to download free satellite imagery. The specific dates, Landsat satellite series number, number of path and row and acquisition date are summarized in Table 1. Table 1. Available Land Satellite Imageries for Each Site Program Sites Image Source Path Row Acquisition Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) LandSat 7 112 54 December 3, 2002 LandSat 7 113 54 December 26, 2002 LandSat 8 112 54 August 25, 2015 LandSat 8 112 55 August 25, 2015 LandSat 7 113 54 July 17, 2010 Mt Apo National Park (MANP) Landsat 7 112 55 May 22, 2001 Landsat 7 112 55 December 19, 2002 Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape – Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve (UMRBPL-KWFR) Landsat 7 116 50 April 3, 2002 LandSat 8 116 50 February 28, 2014 Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) Landsat 7 115 48 February 2, 2010 Landsat 7 116 48 April 3, 2002 LandSat 8 115 48 March 20, 2014 LandSat 8 116 48 September 6, 2015 Source of Data: http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/ Meanwhile, the advantages and limitations of using Landsat imagery for vegetation cover mapping were thoroughly reviewed and discussed by Xie and others (2008). Accordingly, the Landsat might have the longest history and widest use for monitoring the earth from space. The Landsat imaging sensors have archived millions of images with a nearly continuous record of global land surface data since its inception. However, Landsat provides medium to coarse spatial resolution images. For example, Landsat ETM+ imagery has a spatial resolution of 30 m for the multispectral bands and 60 m for the thermal infrared band. Due to the limitation of spatial resolution, Landsat products are usually preferred to map vegetation at community level. In addition to the limitation caused by the medium spatial resolution of Landsat imagery, the relatively low temporal resolution might also restrict its application in vegetation mapping. Landsat satellites are popular and sun synchronous. This imposes a problem for vegetation 594 mapping using Landsat imagery especially when the interest of period falls in a rainy season, during which heavy cloud greatly decreases the image quality. Generally, thematic assessments of land-use and land-cover changes involve procedures of monitoring and mapping which require effective methods and techniques. Conventional survey and mapping methods cannot deliver necessary information in a timely mode. Remote sensing, given its cost effectiveness and technological robustness, has been increasingly used for analyzing the land-use and land-cover changes, and vegetation mapping and monitoring (Ruiz-Luna and Berlanga - Robles 2003, Yang and Liu 2005, Oumer 2009, Reveshty 2011, APN 2001; Santillan and others 2010; Palao and others 2010; Combalicer and others 2011). FOREST COVER (HECTARES OF CLOSED CANOPY AND OPEN CANOPY FORESTS) Methodology The B+WISER utilized 2003 and 2010 land cover data produced by the National Mapping and Resource Information Authority (NAMRIA) for generating activity data and analyzing forest cover change. Both the 2003 and 2010 land cover data were generated using visual interpretation & manual editing of the 30m￾resolution Landsat satellite data categorized into the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) land use classes that consists of nine forest classes, two agricultural classes, three wetland classes, four grassland classes and two other-land classes. Land cover data categories were first aggregated into forest and non￾forest classes based on the multi-level, hierarchical land cover classification system. Forest cover change was categorized into four classes: (1) forest to non-forest; (2) non-forest to forest; (3) forest remaining as forest; and (4) non-forest remaining as non-forest. Forest cover change statistics, specifically for the first three classes, were computed at different spatial units: sites such as protected areas or watersheds; administrative units covered by the site, specifically at the municipal level; and protected area/watershed management zones where data was available. The MPE methodology involved the following components: data acquisition and collection; data preprocessing; image classification; spatial reclassification; and land-cover change modeling and analysis. An integrated approach utilizing a Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing was used to extract information on land use and land cover (LULC) change over the period of 2000 – 2014 from time-series Landsat ETM/ETM+ imagery. Change analysis was separated into three (3) level of hierarchical classification such as closed forest, open forest, and non-forest. Whereas transition analysis was categorized into three classes: (1) closed forest to non-forest; (2) closed forest to open forest; and (3) open forest to non-forest. Overall, the MPE team methodology is comparable to B+WISER approach in estimating area and net forest change in each category given the 2003 and 2010 datasets. Both employed almost similar approach and analysis. They only differ in terms of the use of available datasets for the baseline assessment. The MPE team preferred the use of Landsat imageries given the earlier and later images. Results Results of forest cover net change assessment based on B+WISER report and MPE Team are presented in Tables 2 and 3. 595 Table 2. Results of Forest Cover Assessment Program Site (4) B+WISER Report* MPE Team Report Net Change (in ha) Remarks Forest Cover (in ha) Net Forest Change (in ha) Forest Cover Estimates (in ha) 2003 2010 Earlier Later Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) 40,227 43,995 3,768 40,314 42,153 1,839 Based on 2002 and 2010/2015 Landsat imageries Mt Apo National Park (MANP) 29,314 19,408 -9,906 27,102 No Available Image Based on Landsat 2001 imageries Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve (KWFR) 13,683 12,470 -1,213 18,879 12,676 -6,203 Based on Landsat 2002 and 2014 imageries Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape (UMRBPL) 6,570 6,036 -534 7,570 5,990 -1,580 Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) 281,04 5 276,373 -4,672 282,393 273,658 -8,735 Based on Landsat 2002/2003 and 2014/2015 imageries *Sources: Ecological Assessment Report, 2015 Forest Carbon Assessment and REDD Report, 20152014 Annual Report Historical Forest Cover Change Analysis Report, 2015 Table 3. MPE Team Computations of Change Analysis by Category Program Site (4) Category Between 2003 and 2010* MPE calculations using LandSat imageries 2003 2010 Net Change Earlier Later Net Change Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) Closed forest 14,783 20,486 5,703 5,455 7,223 1,768 Open forest 25,443 23,510 -1,933 34,859 34,930 71 Non-forest 6,995 3,226 -3,769 6,906 5,067 -1,839 47,223 47,220 47,220 Mt Apo National Park (MANP) Closed forest 7,941 4,095 -3,846 8,807 No data Open forest 20,178 14,746 -5,432 18,295 No data Non-forest 26,884 36,162 9,278 36,082 No data 55,003 63,184 Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape – Kaliwa Watershed Forest Closed forest 6,619 6,228 -391 6,754 6,563 -191 Open forest 13,565 12,136 -1,429 19,568 12,163 -7,404 Non-forest 33,476 35,299 1,823 27,340 34,934 7,595 596 Table 3. MPE Team Computations of Change Analysis by Category Program Site (4) Category Between 2003 and 2010* MPE calculations using LandSat imageries 2003 2010 Net Change Earlier Later Net Change Reserve (UMRBPL￾KWFR) 53,660 53,662 Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) Closed forest 52,272 49,947 -2,325 70,158 69,527 -630 Open forest 229,007 225,838 -3,169 212,379 204,131 -8,223 Non-forest 19,384 24,258 4,874 19,201 27,839 8,853 300,663 301,738 *Using B+WISER 2003 and 2010 datasets Findings / Recommendations  B+WISER and the MPE team computations have shown the same pattern of net forest cover change in four program sites. Both found a positive net change forest cover in MKRNP while a negative in three remaining program sites. The difference in calculations would be attributed to the span of observations between the earlier and later imageries. The MPE team calculations of forest losses were higher than the B+WISER reports considering the 12 years’ time window from the change analysis.  Table 2 shows the forest cover change statistics from 2003 to 2010 in four B+WISER program sites. The total amount of forest cover loss expresses the magnitude of change from forest (closed and open forests) to non-forest within a period of seven (7) years. In particular, a net positive forest change was exhibited in MKRNP while a net negative was found in three (3) program sites. For instance, an increase in forest cover was observed in MKRNP (3,770 ha; 540 ha yr-1), comprising about 10% of its total land area. While a decline in forest cover was observed within the MANP with a total area of -9,906 ha (1,420 ha yr-1), comprising 20% about of its total land area.  In the Philippines, there had been no attempt to assess land use and land cover (LULC) changes at the national level in the peer-reviewed literature, i.e. change detection studies that consider other land cover classes other than forest. This is despite the availability of national LULC maps from the Philippine National Mapping and Resource Information Authority and/or Forest Management Bureau. Most studies on assessment of land cover changes in the Philippines have been primarily focused on forest ecosystems (Lasco and others 2001; Cruz and others 2001; Verburg and Velkamp 2004; ESSC 2009; Long and Giri 2011). Though there are some local studies that looked into changes in LULC (i.e. besides forest), the reports remain to be site-specific (e.g. APN 2001; Santillan and others 2010; Palao and others 2010; Combalicer and others 2011). In essence, the resulting LULC change are likely responsible for the overall decline of forest cover. It would be projected that increasing land use demand will place heavy pressure on the natural ecosystems and impair the ecological functions that are necessary to support the human-dominated ecosystem. Therefore, sustainable development policies must address the impact of the forest loss due to drastic urbanization, lack of employment, and land conversion.  In Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve, for instance, Bantayan (2001) made a change analysis of forest areas which revealed that there had been a steady decrease of forest cover of about 379 597 hectares. For his part, Bato (undated) made a land cover and land use studies in the Upper Magat Watershed, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines which he found out that major deforestation clusters as large as 26 ha were near human settlement areas and occurred very near the roads. Recently, Abino and others (2015) made land use and land cover assessment of the Marikina sub-watershed, which they revealed that the LULC change analysis from 1999 to 2006, significant changes occurred as indicated by the increase of agricultural (11.76%) and orchard (4.52%) areas at the expense of brushland (16.56%) areas.  In terms of non-forest to forest change, the MKNP exhibited forest gain of about 3,769 hectares. Findings were most likely attributed to various factors, such as reforestation, protection against forest fire and shifting cultivation, and interventions made by the different stakeholders. Recommendations The B+WISER may separate the net change by category (i.e. closed forest, open forest and non-forest) given the existing datasets in all program sites. A sample computation is shown Table 3, given the B+WISER datasets and available land satellite imageries. The benefits of doing the net change by category will distinguish the amount of estimated forest degradation and deforestation in all project sites. It will also provide the basis for estimating their respective Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and formulating corresponding restoration or reforestation intervention CO2 EQUIVALENT OF EMISSION REDUCED OR SEQUESTERED Methodology Agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) Carbon Calculator is a mandatory tool for all USAID projects. B+WISER has adopted a refined approach to estimating carbon benefits of forest protection activities. Annual carbon benefits were computed with the use of site specific forest land cover area and deforestation data. Instead of using the total areas for each site, the B+WISER only counting actual forest cover within the site as estimated for 2012. Gross deforestation was used in the calculation of carbon benefits, in accordance with the Forest Protection Tool of the AFOLU calculator, which states, “Gross deforestation is calculated based on the proportion of an original quantity of forested area that is converted to non-forest over a specified time period”. The gross deforestation rate was computed applying 2003 and 2010 land cover maps. The difference of ex-ante rate and the ex-post rate (the total reduction in the deforestation rate expected to be achieve due to the program activities) was utilized as initial deforestation rate. In addition, the B+WISER considered various changes in the AFOLU Calculator as follows: 1. Changes in the default carbon stock per administrative district. Starting 2015, the default carbon stock has been updated using what is considered to be more updated and accurate data. 2. Changes in the default questions to determine Management Effectiveness (ME). 3. Changes in the way ME is implemented or effected in the actual calculation of benefits. The MPE team computations has adopted the use of AFOLU Calculator in estimating annual carbon benefits of forest protection activities with various assumptions on deforestation rates and forest carbon stock as follows: 1. First Computation: Use of default values of deforestation rate before intervention and forest carbon stock 598 2. Second Computation: Use of the B+WISER values of deforestation rate before intervention as an input to simulation 3. Third Computation: Use of generated deforestation rate before intervention and carbon stock default values provided by the calculator in each site as input to simulation Changes in the default questions to determine Management Effectiveness are patterned to the changes made by the B+WISER. The changes are more streamlined, more tractable, and provide more meaningful way of reflecting the effectiveness of a project. Results Results of annual carbon benefits computations of the B+WISER and MPE Team are presented in Table 4. Table 4. Annual Carbon Benefit for 2013 Program Site B+WISER Report MPE Team Report Annual Carbon Benefits (t CO2e ha-1 ) Annual Carbon Benefits (based on different deforestation rates) (t CO2e ha-1 ) 1 st Computation* 2 nd Computation** 3 rd Computation*** Mt Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) 16,799 7,617 - 16,660 Mt Apo Natural Park (MANP) 65,098 4,208 68,273 91,486 Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape – Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve (UMRBPL￾KWFR) 31,695 4,360 40,773 42,234 Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) 151,111 122,757 - 203,271 Source: CO2 Benefits from Protection Activities, 2015 Note: *Default values of deforestation rate before intervention and forest carbon stock ** B+WISER values of deforestation rate before intervention as an input to simulation ***Generated deforestation rate before intervention and carbon stock default values provided by the calculator in each site as input to simulation Findings  ACC is sensitive to the changes of two common inputs, i.e. rate of forest deforestation and forest carbon stock value.  The use of default values provided by the calculator in the simulation underestimated the amount of carbon benefits.  The use of actual or potential forest carbon stock in each site seems overestimating the amount of carbon benefits. The B+WISER computations have considered the use generated gross deforestation rate and default value of forest carbon stock provided by the calculator in each program site. Recommendations 599  Computation should be considered the actual gross rate of forest deforestation before intervention and default forest carbon stock provided by the calculator in each site. It will result to a more conservative estimate than manipulating other inputs in the simulation. Thus, the 3rd computations mirror the methodology used by B+WISER in their calculations.  Make a sensitivity analysis given the generated rate of deforestation in each program site. A sensitivity analysis will be considered to determine how changes in the value of inputs and changes in the structure affect the AFOLU Carbon Calculator model. It will be performed to identify which inputs would be responsive during the simulations and what type of relationship they have for the annual carbon benefits computation.  Application of an appropriate optimization method may improve the estimates of annual carbon benefits in all program sites. There was no generic optimization method applied in the B+WISER computation. The fitting of parameters (i.e., deforestation rate and forest carbon stock) were only done as fine tuning. It is important to clearly understand each parameter and determine what it does. Optimization procedures generally should be applied to model like the AFOLU calculator, which uses few inputs.  The MPE team would like to recommend to do both sensitivity analysis and optimization of the AFOLU carbon calculator. HECTARES WHERE ILLEGAL CUTTING OF TIMBER OR HECTARES OF FOREST DEGRADATION OCCURS Methodology The B+WISER reports were based on Hansen and others (2013) study, and NAMRIA maps (2003 and 2010) while MPE Team analyses were based on land cover classification, change and transition analysis given the earlier and later imageries. Results Forest degradation and deforestation rates of four program sites are presented in Table 5. Table 5. Forest Degradation and Deforestation Rate ( Forest Loss) Program Site (4) B+WISER Forest Carbon Assessment Report (2015)* (2001 – 2012) B+WISER Ecological Assessment (2015) (2003 – 2010) B+WISER CO2 Benefits Report, 2015 MPE Team Estimates (Earlier – Later) Annual forest loss (ha/yr) Total Forest Loss (in ha) Annual forest Loss (ha/yr) Total Forest Loss(in ha) Annual Forest Loss Annual forest Loss (ha/yr) Total Forest Loss (in ha) Mt Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) 5.4 65 145 1,014 146.21 274 3,292 Mt Apo Natural Park (MANP) 42.75 506 1,584 11,088 1,533.67 - - Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve 66.41 796 321 2,247 432.98 511 6,648 600 Table 5. Forest Degradation and Deforestation Rate ( Forest Loss) Program Site (4) B+WISER Forest Carbon Assessment Report (2015)* (2001 – 2012) B+WISER Ecological Assessment (2015) (2003 – 2010) B+WISER CO2 Benefits Report, 2015 MPE Team Estimates (Earlier – Later) Annual forest loss (ha/yr) Total Forest Loss (in ha) Annual forest Loss (ha/yr) Total Forest Loss(in ha) Annual Forest Loss Annual forest Loss (ha/yr) Total Forest Loss (in ha) (KWFR) Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape (UMRBPL) 47.4 569 146 1,903 Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) 282.26 3,387 1,465 10,256 1,468.54 1,698 20,377 Source: 2014 Annual Report Forest Carbon Assessment and REDD Report Ecological Assessment Report, 2015 *Report based on Hansen and others (2013) study Equivalent to change and transition from forest to non-forest Findings  Annual forest losses were different from two (2) B+WISER reports.  The B+WISER and the MPE team computations revealed the existence of forest deforestation in each program site.  The B+WISER computations of annual forest losses were found similar to the MPE team computations for forest deforestation (forest loss).  The computation of forest deforestation corresponds to the transition from closed forest to non￾forest and from open forest to non-forest. Recommendations  Review the annual forest loss of two reports, i.e. Forest Carbon Assessment and Ecological Assessment.  B+WISER may do a separate assessment on forest degradation and forest deforestation in all program sites. A sample computation of forest degradation and deforestation is presented in Table 6. 601 Table 6. MPE Team Report: Estimated Forest Degradation and Deforestation in Four Program Sites Program Sites Transition (2003-2010 datasets)* Transition (Earlier – Later imageries ) Remarks From To Area (ha) Annual (ha/yr) Area (ha) Annual (ha/yr) Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) Closed forest Open forest 7,782 1,111 2751 230 Forest degradation Closed forest Non-forest 208 146 102 274 Forest loss Open forest Non-forest 814 3,190 (deforestation) Mt. Apo National Park (MANP) Closed forest Open forest 3,912 559 No data No data Forest degradation Closed forest Non-forest 717 1,494 No data No data Forest loss Open forest Non-forest 9,740 No data (deforestation) Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape – Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve (UMRBPL￾KWFR) Closed forest Open forest 2,843 406 2,659 221 Forest degradation Closed forest Non-forest 100 432 308 633 Forest loss (deforestation) Open forest Non-forest 2,924 7,287 Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) Closed forest Open forest 9,011 1,287 31,068 2,589 Forest degradation Closed forest Non-forest 570 1,521 2,214 1,698 Forest loss (deforestation) Open forest Non-forest 10,080 18,163 *Using B+WISER datasets (2003 and 2010) HECTARES OF AGRICULTURE EXPANSION (ANNUAL AND PERENNIAL CROPS) Methodology For MPE Team, the use of transition analysis for each land cover category was considered. Results Estimated agricultural expansion areas in each program site are presented in Table 7. Table 7. Estimated Agricultural Expansion in each Program Site Program Site B+WISER MPE Team Estimates* 2003 2010 Net Change Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) 82 1,798 1,715 Mt. Apo National Park (MANP) 15,693 16,088 395 Kaliwa Watershed 0 356 356 602 Forest Reserve (KWFR) Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape (UMRBPL) 0 2,174 2,174 Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) 13,111 11,016 -2,095 * Based on B+WISER 2003 and 2010 datasets Findings No estimates of agricultural expansion from baseline assessment reports Recommendation Spatial assessment of agricultural expansion should be done in all program sites. BUILT UP EXPANSION Methodology For MPE Team, the use of transition analysis for each land cover category was considered. Results Estimated built-up expansion areas in each program site are presented in Table 8. Table 8. Estimated Built-up Expansion Areas Program Site (4) B+WISER MPE Team Estimates (Built-up Area)* 2003 2010 Net Change Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) 0 1.2 1.2 Mt. Apo National Park (MANP) 0 5.4 5.4 Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve (KWFR) 17.7 562 544.3 Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape (UMRBPL) Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) 3.50 11 7.5 *Based on B+WISER 2003 and 2010 databasets Findings No report found. Recommendation Spatial assessment of built-up expansion should be done in all program sites. 603 BIOMASS (NATURAL FORESTS QUALITY) Methodology The B+WISER reports were based on Baccini and others (2012) study. Likewise, country specific carbon densities were extracted from the global datasets. For MPE Team computations, NDVI-based estimations of the Above-ground biomass (AGB) were considered using a regression equation. Aboveground biomass (Carbon stock) is calculated based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2006) formula: Aboveground Carbon stock = biomass * 0.50 Results The B+WISER and MPE Team computations of the AGB in four program sites is shown in Table 9. In addition, the MPE Team made separate computations for the predicted aboveground biomass per category and site as shown in Table 10. For reference, aboveground biomass and carbon density of forest land cover in the Philippines was reported by Lasco and Pulhin (2003) as shown in Table 11. In addition, amounts of AGB reported in different literature are the following:  248.8 t C ha-1 = Malaysia (Seo and others 2014)  226.3 t C ha-1 = Thailand dry tropical forest (Adachi and others 2011)  201.5 t C ha-1 = Malaysia dry tropical forest (Adachi and others 2011)  370-520 t ha-1 = Philippines, Old growth dipterocarp (FAO report)  300 – 370 t ha-1 = Philippines, Logged dipterocarp (FAO report)  225 t C ha-1 = Global Carbon Density for tropical rain forest, Philippines (Baccini 2012)  122 t C ha-1 = Global Carbon Density for tropical forest, Philippines (Baccini 2012) In the Philippines, estimated aboveground biomass (t ha–1) of secondary forests (1980) is reported based on different sources using different methodologies:  223 t ha-1 = Iverson and others (1994)  152 – 179 t ha-1 = Flint and Richards (1994)  134 – 353 t ha-1 = Hall and Uhlig (1991)  511 t ha-1 = FAO (1997)  205 – 510 t ha-1 = Lasco and others (2001)  181 – 539 t ha-1 = Racelis (2000)  176 – 412 t ha-1 = Guillermo (2006) 604 Table 9. Aboveground Biomass (Forest: open and closed) Program Site (4) B+WISER Estimates MPE Team Estimates Reported Avg. Aboveground Biomass (t C/ha) Total Aboveground Biomass (t C) Predicted Avg. Abovegroun d Biomass (t C/ha) Total Aboveground Biomass (t C) Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) 280.10 12,409,936 274 12,939,458 Mt. Apo National Park (MANP) 260.33 4,207,856 288 9,461,194 Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve (KWFR) 246.78 3,083,098 230 6,061,537 Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape (UMRBPL) 282.91 1,645,747 Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) 283.57 81,266,532 255 72,051,596 Source: 2014 Annual Report Forest Carbon Assessment, Deforestation, Forest Gain, and REDD+, 2015 Table 10. MPE Team: Predicted Aboveground Biomass per Category and Site Program Site (4) Forest MPE Team Estimates Predicted Avg. Above ground Biomass (t C/ha) Total Aboveground Biomass (t C) Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) Closed forest 519.61 2,834,471 Open forest 289.88 10,104,987 Mt. Apo Natural Park (MANP) Closed forest 449.38 4,075,320 Open forest 247.92 5,385,874 Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape - Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve (UMRBPL-KWFR) Closed forest 332.15 2,243,372 Open forest 195.12 3,818,165 Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) Closed forest 413.97 29,043,453 Open forest 202.50 43,008,143 Table 11. Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Density of Forest Land Cover in the Philippines Carbon content (%) Biomass (t/ha) Carbon (t/ha) Location Source of data A. Protection Forests 1. Old growth 50.0 370-520 165-260 IPCC default (Houghton et al., 1997) 2. Mossy 45.0 408.5 183.8 Makiling Lasco et al., 2000 3. Pine 48.8 184.6 90.1 Baguio Lasco et al., 2000 4. Submarginal 0.0 605 Table 11. Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Density of Forest Land Cover in the Philippines Carbon content (%) Biomass (t/ha) Carbon (t/ha) Location Source of data 5. Mangrove 44.0 401.8 176.8 Quezon Lasco et al., 2000 B. Secondary Forest 45.4 672.8 305.5 Makiling Lasco et al., 2000 45.0 262.0 117.9 Mindanao Kawahara et al., 1981 44.0 547.0 240.7 Makiling Lasco et al., 2001a 44.7 446.0 199.4 Leyte Lasco et al., 1999 C. Brushlands 45.4 63.8 29.0 Leyte Lasco et al., 1999 Findings Estimated aboveground biomass of the B+WISER and MPE team are both within the reported values in the literature and other published technical reports. Recommendation Make a tabular presentation of the aboveground biomass of closed and open forests in each program site. REFERENCES Abino AC, Kim SY, Jang MN, Lee YJ, and Chung JS. 2015. Assessing land use and land cover of the Marikina sub-watershed, Philippines. Forest Science and Technology 1-11. [APN] Asia Pacific Network for Global Change Research. 2001. Land use and land cover change in Southeast Asia: A synthesis report No: 2001-13. NASA, IHDP-IGBP-WCRP, SEARRIN. 54p. Adachi M. Ito A, Ishida A, Kadir WR, Ladpala R and Yamagata Y. 2011. 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Availability: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:2ea3FcDYd98J:www.ibrarian.net/navon/p aper/FOREST_COVER_CHANGE_IN_THE_UPPER_MAGAT_WATERSHED_.pdf%3Fpaperid%3 D1821660+&cd=9&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ph Combalicer MS, Kim D, Lee DK, Combalicer EA, Cruz RVO, Im S. 2011. Changes in the forest landscape of Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve, Philippines. Forest Science and Technology 7(2): 60-67. 606 Cruz RV, Carandang WM, Lasco RD, Dela Cruz LU, Tolentino JR. E, Dalmacio RV, Rebugio LL, Palacpac AB, Camacho LD, and Bantayan NC. 2001. State-of-the-art review of forest restoration in the Philippines. UPLB-CFNR, College, Laguna, Philippines: ASEAN-Korea Environmental Cooperation Project. 123p. [ESSC] Environmental Science for Social Change. 2009. Philippine Forest Land: Where are we going? An Updated Approach to Philippine Uplands for Action. Presentation of Technical Methodology. PWG on Community Resource Management. PWG Meeting Report, 4 March 2009. 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ISPRS TC VII Symposium – 100 Years ISPRS Vol. XXXVIII Part 7A; 5–7July 2010; Vienna, Austria: IAPRS. 219-226. Seo HS, Phua MH, Ong R, Choi B and Lee JS. 2014. Determining Aboveground Biomass of a Forest Reserve In Malaysian Borneo Using K-Nearest Neighbor Method. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 26(1): 58−68. Verburg PH and Veldkamp A. 2004. Projecting land use transitions at forest fringes in the Philippines at two spatial scales. Landscape Ecology 19: 77–98. 607 Xie Y, Sha Z and Yu M. 2008. Remote sensing imagery in vegetation mapping: a review. Journal of Plant Ecology 1 (1): 9-23. Yang X and Liu Z. 2005. Using satellite imagery and GIS for land-use and land-cover change mapping in an estuarine watershed. Int. J. Remote Sensing. DOI: 10.1080/01431160500219224 ANNEX VII-A Summary Results of Evaluability Assessment of 13 Evaluation Questions 608 ANNEX VII-A: SUMMARY RESULTS OF EVALUABILITY ASSESSMENT OF 13 EVALUATION QUESTIONS Evaluation Questions Yes No Maybe 1. To what extent and under what conditions does improved biophysical condition of Natural Forests contribute to a reduction in carbon emissions?  2. To what extent and under what conditions does a reduction in the overall specific pressure in the project area lead to improved biophysical conditions of Natural Forests and Critically Endangered Species?  3. To what extent and under what conditions does patrolling effort lead to a reduction in pressures (disaggregated by pressure)?  4. To what extent and under what conditions does the adoption of Alternative Livelihood in a stated area lead to reduction in pressures in the High Conservation Value Areas (HCVAs) within Protected Area (PA) (disaggregated by pressure)?  5. To what extent and under what conditions does an increase in appreciation of Natural Resources Management (NRM) initiatives lead to an increase in the amount of leveraged funds and investments from private companies, public sector and Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) for Forest/Biodiversity conservation?  6. To what extent and under what conditions does Forest Management Unit plan formulation lead to some degree of funding for forest protection and maintenance?  7. To what extent and under what conditions does an increase in target groups adopting desired behavior lead to a reduction in pressure in the project area?  8. To what extent and under what conditions do the institutional arrangements for Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) being put in place lead to Ecosystem sellers being compensated for carrying out role in Forest/Biodiversity conservation?  9. To what extent and under what conditions do institutional arrangements for Payment for Ecosystem Services being put in place lead to Protected Area getting more resources for Protected Area management? (as part of the Integrated Protected Area Fund)?  10. To what extent and under what conditions do improved Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT) and Governance Self-Assessment (GSA) scores lead to evidence that the implemented METT and GSA action plans address priority threats?  11. To what extent and under what conditions does funding of Resource Management plans by Protected Area Superintendent (PASu) Offices and Local Government Units (LGUs) lead to implementation of activities by PASu Offices and LGUs aimed at addressing priority pressures?  12. To what extent and under what conditions does the formulation of policy (in response to policy gaps) by Local Government Units (LGUs) and Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) at local level and Department of Environment and natural Resources (DENR) and other national agencies lead to rules that support forest conservation at B+WISER sites?  609 Evaluation Questions Yes No Maybe 13. To what extent and under what conditions does the improvement of governance by Local Government Units and Protected Area Management Board lead to funded activities by LGUs, PAMB, DENR and other partners that support for forest conservation at B+WISER sites?  TOTAL 10 0 3 ANNEX VII-B Results of the Evaluability Assessment of 13 Evaluation Questions in the TOC 610 ANNEX VII-B: RESULTS OF THE EVALUABILITY ASSESSMENT OF 13 EVALUATION QUESTIONS IN THE TOC Evaluation Question No. 1 Evaluability: Yes Strategy / Intervention Biophysical Impact lead to Carbon Sequestration GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 1 To what extent and under what conditions does improved biophysical conditions* of Natural Forests contribute to a reduction in carbon emissions? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 Natural forests (forest cover) Forest cover (hectares of closed canopy and open canopy forests) HCVAs in PAs Remote sensing Includes forest restoration sites Yes, but needs to be refocused Yes Yes Yes Yes, the refocused indicators could be:  Area (ha) of forest degradation (e.g., forest cover conversion from closed canopy to open canopy)  Area (ha) of deforestation (e.g., forest Methods to be used are:  Satellite image processing, including ground￾truthing and validation  Species distribution modeling  Spatial analysis  Habitat surveys Separate assessments could be done on forest degradation and deforestation. This distinction will provide the basis for estimating their respective greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Tracking these forest disturbances will aid in supporting the DENR’s move towards fully implementing the REDD+ strategy. Distinguishing the two will allow to answer important 1 Are the proposed indicators appropriate (valid and logical measure for the stated result? 2 Are the proposed units for the indicators proposed appropriate? 3 Are there records in BWISER HQ‐ office to objectively substantiate the reporting of the proposed indicators to USAID? 4 For each of the proposed indicators, are the data being collected, analyzed and reported to USAID by B+WISER systematically organized or sufficient to inform objective decision‐making? 5 Are there other indicators that the MPE team will recommend so that this evaluation question can be evaluated by the end of BWISER Program (if yes, enumerate these indicators, and the estimated level of effort or LOE for the additional data collection that will be needed)? 6 Looking at the all indicators and data collected/can be collected, enumerate the proposed methods of data analysis to address each of the 13 evaluation questions 611 Strategy / Intervention Biophysical Impact lead to Carbon Sequestration GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 1 To what extent and under what conditions does improved biophysical conditions* of Natural Forests contribute to a reduction in carbon emissions? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 cover conversion from closed canopy/open canopy to kaingin/ grassland) questions, such as: a) how to accurately measure/ quantify “improved” biophysical condition? b) improved biodiversity index, higher tree density, increased biomass? These could be fully addressed to ensure that performance is measured according to desired results. Carbon emission reduction Metric tons of CO2 equivalent of emission reduced or sequestered HCVAs in PAs AFOLU Biomass data from the province may not capture changes in forest cover/ biomass that result from B+WISER interventions Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes, these are: Quantity of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, measured in metric tons of CO2 reduced or sequestered. There could be separate computations for:  Emissions from forest degradation  Emissions from deforestation Spatially￾explicit land cover change analysis Satellite image processing (complemente d by forest inventory data) Correspondingly, separate assessments could be done on emissions from forest degradation and deforestation to determine their respective contributions to overall GHG emissions from the site. Tracking and properly measuring these forest disturbances will aid in supporting the DENR’s move towards fully implementing the REDD+ strategy. 612 Evaluation Question No. 2 Evaluability: Maybe Strategy / Intervention Pressure Reduction leads to Biophysical change in Conservation Targets GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 2 To what extent and under what conditions does a reduction in the overall specific pressure in the project area lead to improved biophysical conditions of natural forests or critically endangered species? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Reduction in pressures No. of pressures observed (relative to patrol effort; disaggregated by pressure) Foot patrols (patrol sector in HCVAs within PA) Stationary patrols (stationary team in and bordering HCVAs within PA) SMART patrol records Prioritize 4 pressures: illegal cutting of timber, agriculture expansion / intensification, fuelwood extraction, residential/ commercial expansion Yes, but need additional indicators Yes Yes Yes, but other data are needed to do systematic data organization Yes, additional indicators could be:  Area (hectares) of forest degradation (e.g. forest cover conversion forest from closed canopy to open canopy).  Area (hectares) of deforestation (e.g. forest cover conversion from closed canopy/open canopy to kaingin /grassland) Pressure￾receptor assessment Spatially￾explicit land cover change analysis Satellite image processing, including ground￾truthing and validation Pressures could also be disaggregated by receptor (e.g. poaching in closed and open canopy forests) to determine the extent of their respective impacts on a particular receptor. Data are still limited as observation and patrol works incurred some delays (start only in May 2015) 613 Strategy / Intervention Pressure Reduction leads to Biophysical change in Conservation Targets GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 2 To what extent and under what conditions does a reduction in the overall specific pressure in the project area lead to improved biophysical conditions of natural forests or critically endangered species? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Natural forests (forest quality) Forest biomass HCVAs in PAs Forest inventory Calculated for final performance evaluation; inventory at start and end of project. Yes, but needs to be expound ed Yes Yes Yes Yes. Amount of biomass lost from specific receptor due to a given pressure Biomass assessment Determine how much biomass is lost from specific site due to specific pressure. Natural forests (forest quality) Presence of forest￾dependent species (No. of observations) HCVAs in PAs SMART patrol records Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes. Species distribution and habitat suitability Conservation hotspots Forest surveys Critically endangered species Presence of forest￾dependent species (# of observa￾tions) HCVAs in PAs SMART patrol records Yes Yes Yes Yes None None No. of sites 6 (not Quinali) Yes N/ A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER Critical factors (covariates) External factors (e.g., El Nino, forest fires, disease, etc.) or unanticipated pressures Yes N/ A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER; but MPE Team recommends area affected by critical factors 614 Strategy / Intervention Pressure Reduction leads to Biophysical change in Conservation Targets GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 2 To what extent and under what conditions does a reduction in the overall specific pressure in the project area lead to improved biophysical conditions of natural forests or critically endangered species? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 may impact conservation targets Anticipated trend same as question Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER; but MPE Team recommends… area affected by critical factors based on vulnerability / hazard assessments in terms of climate change scenario 615 Evaluation Question No. 3 Evaluability: Yes Strategy / Intervention Environmental Law Enforcement GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 3 To what extent and under what conditions does patrolling effort lead to a reduction in pressures (disaggregated by pressure)? [includes pressures related to forest restoration target] Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Monitoring and detection system is improved (proxy for patrolling effort) Foot patrols (kilometers, days, area patrolled) Stationary patrols (days, area covered by location of choke points / road blocks) Foot patrols (patrol sector in HCVAs within PA) Stationary patrols (stationary team in and bordering HCVAs within PA) SMART patrol records Currently using hard copy logbooks will be entered into SMART database (not all data are geo￾referenced) SMART currently operating at 2 sites since Dec. 2014; will rollout to 4 more sites. Yes Yes Yes Yes None None Reduction in pressures No. of pressures observed (relative to patrol effort; disaggregated by pressure) Foot patrols (patrol sector in HCVAs within PA) Stationary patrols (stationary team in and SMART patrol records Prioritize 4 pressures: illegal cutting of timber, agriculture expansion/ intensification, fuelwood extraction, residential/ commercial expansion Yes, but additional indicators are needed Yes Yes Yes Pressure index Pressure￾reduction (protection/ conserva￾tion) index Comparative assessment among sites on the reduction in pressures vis-à-vis patrol effort Were the forest restoration activities done in areas where specific pressures occurred or were observed? Balancing pressure index and pressure reduction index 616 Strategy / Intervention Environmental Law Enforcement GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 3 To what extent and under what conditions does patrolling effort lead to a reduction in pressures (disaggregated by pressure)? [includes pressures related to forest restoration target] Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 bordering HCVAs within PA) No. of sites 6 Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER Critical factors Military presence / security at site Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER; but MPE Team recommends …. HCVA covered by or with military operations Co-variates Level of resources at site (equipment, personnel, funding) Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER; but MPE Team recommends …. HCVA with resources provided FPIC requirement of NCIP at site No N/A Yes Yes Yes, Approved FPIC Documentat ion No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER; but MPE Team recommends …. CADC/CADT area Degree of collaboration with other environmental enforcement agencies at site (qualitative assessment) No N/A Yes Yes Yes, Signed memorand um of agreement (MOA) Documentat ion No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER; but MPE Team recommends …. HCVA covered by MOA 617 Strategy / Intervention Environmental Law Enforcement GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 3 To what extent and under what conditions does patrolling effort lead to a reduction in pressures (disaggregated by pressure)? [includes pressures related to forest restoration target] Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Anticipated trend As patrol effort increases, there will be a reduction in pressures observed Yes N/A No No None Statistical analysis No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER; but MPE Team recommends …. HCVA There is a need to directly correlate patrolling effort to the reduction in pressures observed on the ground Assumption The presence of patrols may lead to increased apprehension and reduce pressures, although patrol effort may not lead to increased prosecution. Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER; but MPE Team recommends …. HCVA 618 Evaluation Question No. 4 Evaluability: Yes Strategy / Intervention Environmental Law Enforcement GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 4 To what extent and under what conditions does the adoption of alternative livelihood (AL) in a stated area lead to reduction in pressures in the HCVAs within a PA (disaggregated by pressure)? [include pressure to forest restoration target]? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Community members adopt alternative sources of livelihood No. of households (HHs) in the HCVA adopting AL HCVAs within PA HH interview s to score degree of adoption of AL (Anne's example) Definition of AL: "sustainable sedentary agriculture", handicrafts, honey, ecotourism jobs, etc., that does not lead to degradation of forest. [needs further definition] Program prioritizes developing ALs with community members with secure tenure Yes, but could be expanded Yes Yes, but not enough Yes, but needs to be augmented Limited data on livelihood Yes, additional indicators could be:  No. of HHs adopting AL  No. and type/ kinds of AL adopted For these new sets of indicators and units of analysis, additional methods of data collection could be: Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). Reduction in pressures No. of pressures observed (relative to patrol effort; Foot patrols (patrol sector in HCVAs SMART patrol records from the HCVA Prioritize 4 pressures: illegal cutting of timber, agriculture Yes, but needs to be clarified Yes Yes, but not enough Yes, but available data are insufficient Yes, the indicators could be:  No. of For these new sets of indicators, additional methods of These methods are in addition to existing ones being used like LAWIN. Comparative analysis of 619 Strategy / Intervention Environmental Law Enforcement GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 4 To what extent and under what conditions does the adoption of alternative livelihood (AL) in a stated area lead to reduction in pressures in the HCVAs within a PA (disaggregated by pressure)? [include pressure to forest restoration target]? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 disaggre￾gated by pressure) in the HCVA within PA) Stationary patrols (stationary team in and bordering HCVAs within PA) (6 sites) KIIs in the HCVA (7 sites) to triangulate with SMART patrol records expansion/ intensification, fuelwood extraction, residential/ commercial expansion pressures observed/ identified due to limited sources of income/ livelihood (Pressures observed through foot patrols) data collection to be applied are FGDs and KIIs. number and type of pressures before and after the application of intervention (AL) could be done to show that indeed AL (and specific type) led to reduction in pressures. No. of sites 7 Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER Critical factors LGUs, DENR, private sector and other related agencies to create enabling environ-ment for AL Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE Team recommends …. HCVA Co-variates Uncertainty if AL can impact long-practiced unsustainable behavior Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE Team recommends ….HCVA 620 Strategy / Intervention Environmental Law Enforcement GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 4 To what extent and under what conditions does the adoption of alternative livelihood (AL) in a stated area lead to reduction in pressures in the HCVAs within a PA (disaggregated by pressure)? [include pressure to forest restoration target]? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Economic growth in neighboring areas that would cause HH in HCVAs to leave Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE Team recommends …. HCVA Income available from other sources (remittances, etc.) Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, HCVA Anticipated trend Same as stated question Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE Team recommends …. HCVA 621 Evaluation Question No. 5 Evaluability: Yes Strategy / Intervention Public-Private Sector Participation GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 5 To what extent and under what conditions does an increase in appreciation of NRM initiatives lead to an increase in the amount of leveraged funds and investments from private companies, public sector and CSOs for forest/BD conservation? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Partners appreciate and are convinced to enter into partnership in NRM initiatives No. private companies, public sector agencies and CSOs who sign MOUs for, or jointly support, F/BD conservation Companies, public sector agencies and CSOs Record keeping or meeting notes of MOUs or joint support Yes Yes Yes Yes None Triangulation may be undertaken to support existing methods of data collection This PPP could be disaggregated according to type of partnership (public, private, others) and specific purposes they are used. It may warrant looking at how the “increase in appreciation of NRM” may be measured to correlate the number of partnership established and the amount of money generated. In doing this, survey could be undertaken among the actors involved in the PPP, as well as the end-users/beneficiaries of the partnership. Partners contribute to forest/BD conservation initiatives Amount of leveraged funds and investments from private companies, public sector and CSOs for forest/BD conservation? Companies, public sector agencies and CSOs Financial record keeping, formal letter or certification Yes Yes Yes Yes None None Could be disaggregated in terms of amount (US$) and source to show a matching of amount of leveraged funds and source, and for what activity the fund was used (e.g. biodiversity conservation, ELE, climate change, etc.). No. of sites 7 + mangroves (to varying degrees) Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, 622 Strategy / Intervention Public-Private Sector Participation GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 5 To what extent and under what conditions does an increase in appreciation of NRM initiatives lead to an increase in the amount of leveraged funds and investments from private companies, public sector and CSOs for forest/BD conservation? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Critical factors Potential partners may want to have program independent of govt. Yes N/A Yes Yes None None There are private and other NGOs/POs that have ongoing projects/activities in the B+WISER sites which are independent from government support. No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE Team recommends… HCVA (covariates) Peace and order Yes N/A Yes Yes Yes, peace and order index Yes, situational and correlation analyses Correlate the peace and order condition with amount of leverage funds per PA site No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE Team recommends … HCVA Political factors N/A N/A Yes Yes None None No indicator and unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE Team recommends … support and incentives provided by existing political leadership in HCVA Anticipated trend Increase in appreciation of NRM initiatives will lead to increased leveraged funds and investments Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE Team recommends … HCVA 623 Evaluation Question No. 6 Evaluability: Yes Strategy / Intervention Forest Restoration GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 6 To what extent and under what conditions does FMU plan formulation lead to some degree of funding for forest protection and maintenance? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Trained FMU management groups formulate forest restoration plans Area (ha) covered by FMU plans FMU plans for HCVAs within PAs, key watersheds, and mangrove sites Check for existence of plans FMU plans formulated by LGU, DENR, private sectors, POs Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes, see remarks None The indicator should read: Number of trainings undertaken on FMU planning. Number of participants per type of trainings. Forest management group implement funded forest restoration plans Area covered by FMU plans with some degree of (using cost standards to estimate degree) funding for forest protection and maintenance for the period of the FMU plan FMU plans for HCVAs within PAs, key watersheds, and mangrove sites Check for proof of amount of funding (resolution, ordinance, work and financial plan) from respective forest manager Funding may come from LGU, DENR, private sector, DSWD, other donors Yes Yes Yes Yes None None No. of sites 7 plus mangroves Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … HCVA 624 Strategy / Intervention Forest Restoration GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 6 To what extent and under what conditions does FMU plan formulation lead to some degree of funding for forest protection and maintenance? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 and mangrove rehabilitation sites devastated by Typhoon Yolanda Critical factors Time period of plans by site Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … HCVA and mangrove rehabilitation sites devastated by Typhoon Yolanda Co-variates Political agenda by site Yes N/A No No None Stakeholders analysis No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … HCVA and mangrove rehabilitation sites devastated by Typhoon Yolanda Stakeholder buy-in Yes N/A Yes Yes None FGD No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … HCVA and mangrove rehabilitation sites devastated by Typhoon Yolanda Anticipated trend As area covered by FMU plans increases, Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … HCVA 625 Strategy / Intervention Forest Restoration GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 6 To what extent and under what conditions does FMU plan formulation lead to some degree of funding for forest protection and maintenance? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 there will be an increase in the degree of funding for forest protection and maintenance in the area covered by FMU plans and mangrove rehabilitation sites devastated by Typhoon Yolanda 626 Evaluation Question No. 7 Evaluability: Maybe Strategy / Intervention Communication Campaigns GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 7 To what extent and under what conditions does an increase in target groups adopting desired behavior lead to a reduction in pressure in the Program area? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Enforcement campaign target group (2 sites); Target groups adopt desired behavior No. of resource users that do not comply with rules (ideally want to record % of total resource users that break rules) Individuals that live in or adjacent to HCVAs Patrol data collected by deputized forest guards and WEOs? Message delivered by patrol teams and practitioners; message is to increase knowledge of rules and rationale for following rules of resource users in PAs desired behavior is compliance with rules Yes, but present indicator may be reworded, and/or additional indicator may be included Yes Yes No, other data are availabl e at the DENR local offices Yes, existing indicator could read as:  No. of resource users who are caught (or observed) not complying with rules and regulations on forest, biodiversity, and environmental management Additional indicator:  No. of resource users who have engaged in forest/ biodiversity protection and related conservation activities. In addition to existing methods, KII and FGD and observation techniques may also be undertaken. Rather than just focusing on illegal activities, it will also be good to know and document the positive attitude/behavior (e.g., participation or engagement in forest/biodiversity protection and related conservation activities) of resource users. Hence, the need for an additional indicator. 627 Strategy / Intervention Communication Campaigns GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 7 To what extent and under what conditions does an increase in target groups adopting desired behavior lead to a reduction in pressure in the Program area? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Reduction in pressures No. of pressures observed (relative to patrol effort; disaggregated by pressure) Foot patrols (patrol sector in HCVAs within PA) Stationary patrols (stationary team in HCVAs ???? and bordering HCVAs within PA) SMART patrol records Prioritize 4 pressures: illegal cutting of timber, agriculture expansion/ intensification, fuelwood extraction, residential/ commercial expansion Yes, but some additional indicators are needed Yes Yes No Yes, additional indicators could be:  Area (ha) of forest degradation (e.g., forest cover conversion from closed canopy to open canopy) due to specific pressure.  Area (ha) of deforestation (e.g. forest cover conversion from closed canopy/open canopy to kaingin / grassland) due to specific pressure Additional method of analysis that can be done are:  Pressure￾receptor assessment  Spatially￾explicit land cover change analysis  Satellite image processing, including ground￾truthing and validation Pressures could also be disaggregated by receptor (e.g., poaching in closed and open canopy forests) to determine the extent of their respective impacts on a particular receptor. As earlier indicated, existing data are limited to establish a trend. Other IEC activities being undertaken by the Program need to be included in these matrix, especially those 628 Strategy / Intervention Communication Campaigns GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 7 To what extent and under what conditions does an increase in target groups adopting desired behavior lead to a reduction in pressure in the Program area? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 enumerated in the Comprehensive Communication Plan of B+WISER. No. of sites 2 Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … HCVA Critical factors Counter campaigns by populist groups Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … HCVA Co-variates Buy-in from DENR and other partners (e.g., Dept. of Education, LGUs, CSOs, media) Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … HCVA Anticipated trend Increase in target groups adopting desired behavior leading to pressure reduction in the HCVAs Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … HCVA 629 Evaluation Question No. 8 Evaluability: Yes Strategy / Intervention Payment for Ecosystem Services GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 8 To what extent and under what conditions do the institutional arrangements for PES and safeguards being put in place lead to ES sellers (M/F) compensated for carrying out role in Forest/BD conservation? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Institutional arrangement for PES and safeguards are in place No. of institutional arrangements for PES in place PES scheme Records of PES institutional arrange￾ments Safeguards embedded in agreement May consider deleting this specific result as this is repeated in EQ #9. Instead another RESULT is recommended to capture PES Mechanism that may be entered into by ES players/actors. ES sellers (M/F) are compensated for carrying out role in forest/BD conservation Number of people with increased economic benefits resulting from PES arrangements PES scheme Records of PES recipients E.g., former violators now protecting areas; tourism guides, etc. Yes, but PES players could be expanded No No No Yes, as shown in the next two columns Documentation, M&E of PES arrangement This particular result, indicator, unit, and method could be replaced and later expanded into two, as shown in the succeeding rows. ES sellers (M/F) are compensated for providing Ecosystem Services that are related to forest/BD conservation No. of ES sellers with increased economic benefits resulting from PES arrangements ES sellers providing services related to forest/B D conserva￾tion Documenta￾tion, M&E of PES arrangement This is a proposed result suggested that may be adopted. ES buyers duly paid for Ecosystem No. of ES buyers that pay for ES buyers of specific ecosystem Documenta￾tion, M&E of PES This is a proposed result that may be adopted. 630 Strategy / Intervention Payment for Ecosystem Services GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 8 To what extent and under what conditions do the institutional arrangements for PES and safeguards being put in place lead to ES sellers (M/F) compensated for carrying out role in Forest/BD conservation? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Services provided ecosystem services services arrangement PES mechanism is put in place No. and Type of PES mechanism PES mechanism Records of PES reports This is a proposed result that may be adopted. The PES mechanism may show how part of the ES￾generated funds are plowed back for conservation purposes. No. of sites 5 Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … HCVA Critical factors Policies in place to support PES Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends …. policies issued by LGU, PAMB, and DENR, NCIP, and other agencies Co-variates Tenure security for sellers Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … tenure system in HCVA Well-defined boundaries for ES Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … PES scheme applied in HCVA 631 Strategy / Intervention Payment for Ecosystem Services GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 8 To what extent and under what conditions do the institutional arrangements for PES and safeguards being put in place lead to ES sellers (M/F) compensated for carrying out role in Forest/BD conservation? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Buyer agrees to value of the ES Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … PES scheme applied in HCVA Anticipated trend Increase in institutional arrangements for PES leading to an increase in compensation for ES sellers Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … PES scheme applied in HCVA 632 Evaluation Question No. 9 Evaluability: Yes Strategy / Intervention Payment for Ecosystem Services GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 9 To what extent and under what conditions do institutional arrangements for PES being put in place lead to PA getting more resources for PA management? (as part of the IPAF)? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Institutional arrangements for PES and safeguards are in place No. of institutional arrangements for PES in PAs in place PES schem e Records of PES institutional arrangements Safeguard embedded in agreement Yes Yes, but see remarks Yes Yes None None But the “result” could be changed to: institutional arrangement for PES scheme, i.e., in terms of type/classification of PES employed, (e.g., ecotourism) (e.g., community-based, NGO-based, LGU￾based, private sector￾based, etc.). PA gets more resources for PA management No. of PAs and amount of resources generated from PES arrangements PAs PA records Yes, but needs to be refocuse d and add new indicator Yes Yes Yes Yes, but two different indicators could be considered:  No. of PA with generated resources (PAs)  Amount of generated resources (Php) from PES Documentation and recording Bank deposits or other ways of keeping resources The Result could read as follows:  More resources generated for PA management 633 Strategy / Intervention Payment for Ecosystem Services GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 9 To what extent and under what conditions do institutional arrangements for PES being put in place lead to PA getting more resources for PA management? (as part of the IPAF)? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 No. of sites 5 Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … HCVA Critical factors Policies in place to support PES Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … PES policies implemented in HCVA Co-variates Well-defined boundaries for ES Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … PES scheme applied in HCVA Willingness of buyer to pay the right amount Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … PES scheme implemented in HCVA Anticipated trend An increase in institutional arrangements for PES will lead to PAs Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … PES scheme implemented in 634 Strategy / Intervention Payment for Ecosystem Services GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 9 To what extent and under what conditions do institutional arrangements for PES being put in place lead to PA getting more resources for PA management? (as part of the IPAF)? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 having more resources for PA management HCVA 635 Evaluation Question No. 10 Evaluability: Yes Strategy / Intervention Capacity Development GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 10 To what extent and under what conditions does improved METT and GSA scores lead to evidence that the implemented METT and GSA action plans address priority threats? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Institutional capacity is enhanced Number of LGUs with improved GSA scores LGUs Review change in GSA scores for LGUs on FFM Frequency - scored at start and end of BWISER Yes, but needs to be refocused Yes Yes Yes Yes, the GSA scores generated could be included as an indicator. None Somewhere in the reviewed documents, review of GSA would be done at the start, mid, and end of the program implementation. The GSA scores generated could be shown and analyzed relative to conservation/improved management efforts. The unit of analysis should also include the PAMB. Institutional capacity is enhanced Number of PAMBs with improved METT scores PAs Review change in METT scores for PAMB on protection, RM, and ELE Frequency scored at start and end of BWISER Yes, but needs to be refocused Yes Yes Yes Yes, the METT scores generated could be included. None Somewhere in the reviewed documents, review of METT would be done at the start, mid, and end of the program implementation. The METT scores generated could be shown and analyzed relative to conservation/improved management efforts. Implemented capacity development actions Evidence that METT was implemented LGUs and PAs Review PAMB quarterly meeting reports and Prioritize 4 pressures: illegal cutting of timber, Yes, could be expanded Yes Yes Yes Yes Cases/ Examples of Documenta￾tion, FGD, KII Indicator could not be limited to evidences alone, but analysis of cases or examples of application of 636 Strategy / Intervention Capacity Development GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 10 To what extent and under what conditions does improved METT and GSA scores lead to evidence that the implemented METT and GSA action plans address priority threats? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 address identified priority threats METT and GSA action plans address priority threats DENR progress reports; score the activities addressing priority pressures as: (i) planned, (ii) resourced, and (iii) implemented. Review LGU GSA Action Plan implementation or monitoring reports; score the activities addressing priority pressures as, (i) planned, (ii) resourced, and (iii) implemented. agriculture expansion/ intensification, fuelwood extraction, residential/ commercial expansion Implemented activities defined as: actions taken to address priority pressures activities inspired by METT and GSA activities encouraged by METT and GSA could also be done. Cases/examples of activities inspired by METT and GSA. Additional indicators on specific trainings and their corresponding numbers may also be considered, e.g., no. of ELE-related trainings, para￾legal trainings, etc. 637 Strategy / Intervention Capacity Development GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 10 To what extent and under what conditions does improved METT and GSA scores lead to evidence that the implemented METT and GSA action plans address priority threats? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 No. of sites 10 PAs in 7 sites; 29 LGUs in 7 sites Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … METT and GSA scores by PAMB and LGU Critical factors N/A N/A Yes Yes None None No indicator and unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … political will and intervention (as indicator) and METT and GSA scores by PAMB and LGU (as unit of analysis) Co-variates 2016 elections Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but the MPE team recommends … METT and GSA scores by PAMB and LGU Funding availability for actions that will address pressures Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … amount of available/sourced funds Anticipated trend As METT and GSA scores Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by 638 Strategy / Intervention Capacity Development GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 10 To what extent and under what conditions does improved METT and GSA scores lead to evidence that the implemented METT and GSA action plans address priority threats? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 in FFM, RM, and ELE improved, there will be an increase in activities addressing priority threats B+WISER, but the MPE team recommends .... additional activities implemented by PAMB and LGU 639 Evaluation Question No. 11 Evaluability: Maybe Strategy / Intervention Enhancement and Harmonization of PA/WS Management GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 11 To what extent and under what conditions does funding of RM plans by PASu Offices and LGUs lead to implementation of activities by PASu Offices and LGUs aimed at addressing priority pressures? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 PASu office and LGUs fund and implement enhanced and harmonized RM plans No. of enhanced RM plans funded PA and watershed Check for proof of funding (resolution, ordinance, work and financial plan) PMP7. amount of leveraged investments in NRM that address priority threats Definition: Enhanced plans will focus on HCVAs and conservation targets Yes, but existing indicator could either be reworded of additional indicator maybe considered Yes Yes Yes Yes, existing indicator could be reworded as number of plans funded and implemented. Proposed additional indicator could be: Amount of funding provided to plans (in US$). None Due to some political or institutional pressures (e.g., change in local leadership, may lead to change in priority thrusts that may affect funding considerations/allocations) Applying triangulation (meaning cross-checking of reports) would help in verifying the data and information generated. Implemented activities in the plan address identified priority threats No. of implemented activities reported aimed at addressing priority threats PA and watershed Review PAMB quarterly meeting reports and DENR progress reports; score the activities addressing Prioritize 4 pressures: illegal cutting of timber, agriculture expansion/ intensification, fuelwood extraction, residential/ commercial Yes Yes Yes Yes None None Applying triangulation (meaning cross-checking of reports) would help in verifying the data and information generated. 640 Strategy / Intervention Enhancement and Harmonization of PA/WS Management GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 11 To what extent and under what conditions does funding of RM plans by PASu Offices and LGUs lead to implementation of activities by PASu Offices and LGUs aimed at addressing priority pressures? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 priority pressures as, (i) planned, (ii) resourced, and (iii) implemented expansion Implemented activities defined as: actions taken to address priority pressures No. of sites 7 Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER Critical factors Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No indicator and unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … political will, peace and order condition (as indicators) and PA and watershed areas (as unit of analysis) Co-variates Availability of resources for plan preparation Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends…. resources in PA and watershed areas Stakeholder buy-in Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends…. PA and watershed areas 641 Strategy / Intervention Enhancement and Harmonization of PA/WS Management GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 11 To what extent and under what conditions does funding of RM plans by PASu Offices and LGUs lead to implementation of activities by PASu Offices and LGUs aimed at addressing priority pressures? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Anticipated trend Increase in number of enhanced and funded RMs will lead to an increase in implemented activities that address priority threats Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends… additional activities implemented by PAMB and LGU 642 Evaluation Question No. 12 Evaluability: Yes Strategy / Intervention Policy and Governance GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 12 To what extent and under what conditions does the formulation of policy (in response to policy gaps) by LGUs and PAMB at local level and DENR and other national agencies lead to rules that support forest conservation at BWISER sites? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Improved policies formulated at LGU and PAMB local level Identified policy gaps that are addressed at the local level LGU and PAMB at BWISER sites Qualitative assessment of policy Examples of policy gaps: PES ordinance, how to address specific pressures, HCVAs, etc. (list of policy gaps exists for each site) Yes, but needs to be expanded Yes Yes Yes Yes, indicator could be expanded to: No. of identified policy gaps Type/ kinds of policy gaps Assessment of records, interviews with concerned officials Policy gaps may be disaggregated into simple PAMB resolution, etc. or according to intervention (e.g., law enforcement, forest restoration, ELE, etc.). Improved policies formulated at national level Identified policy gaps that are addressed at the national level Improved policies formulated at national level Identified policy gaps that are addressed at the national level Improved policies formulated at national level Yes, but needs to be expanded Yes Yes Yes Yes, indicator could be expanded to:  No. of identified policy gaps  Type/ kinds of policy gaps Assessment of records, interviews with concerned officials Policy gaps may be disaggregated into DENR, LGU, etc. or according to intervention (e.g., law enforcement, forest restoration, ELE, etc.). 643 Strategy / Intervention Policy and Governance GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 12 To what extent and under what conditions does the formulation of policy (in response to policy gaps) by LGUs and PAMB at local level and DENR and other national agencies lead to rules that support forest conservation at BWISER sites? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Rules and regulations resulting from improved polices made at LGU and PAMB level support forest conservation at B+WISER sites Issuance of resolutions by PAMB of ordinances by LGUs relative to the respective policies LGU and PAMB at B+WISER sites Qualitative assessment of resolutions and ordinances relative to the policy Yes, but needs to be refocused Yes Yes Yes, but needs to be augmented None Assessment of records, interviews with concerned officials Additional indicator could be.. number of resolutions issued by the local authorities (PAMB and LGU). Rules and regulations resulting from improved polices made at national level support forest conservation at B+WISER sites Issuance of implementing rules, manuals, technical bulletins, and guidelines relative to the respective policies DENR and other national agencies relative to B+WISER sites Qualitative assessment of rules relative to the policy Yes, but needs to be refocused Yes Yes Yes, but needs to be augmented None Assessment of records, interviews with concerned officials Additional indicators could be … number of rules and regulations issued by the national authorities. No. of sites 7 Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No indicator provided by B+WISER Critical factors Buy-in from DENR and other national government Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends .... policies formulated by 644 Strategy / Intervention Policy and Governance GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 12 To what extent and under what conditions does the formulation of policy (in response to policy gaps) by LGUs and PAMB at local level and DENR and other national agencies lead to rules that support forest conservation at BWISER sites? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 agencies to formulate the policies other government agencies Co-variates Buy-in from PAMB and LGUs to formulate the policies Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends .. policies formulated by PAMB and LGU Political will to implement the revised policy Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … revised policies implemented by other government agencies, PAMB & LGU Anticipated trend Increased formulation of policy (to address policy gaps) leads to support for B+WISER interventions Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but MPE team recommends … policies supporting B+WISER interventions. No. of sites 7 645 Evaluation Question No. 13 Evaluability: Yes Strategy / Intervention Policy and Governance GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 13 To what extent and under what conditions does the improvement of governance by LGUs and PAMB lead to funded activities by LGUs, PAMB, DENR and other partners that support for forest conservation at BWISER sites? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Governance weaknesses are addressed Decision￾making B+WISER sites GSA scores (LGUs) METT scores (PAMB) Examples of indicators of improved systems Yes, but as much as possible, this could be stated in measure￾able terms Yes Yes Maybe Yes, see remarks Apply triangulation approach Result could be reworded as: Governance improved. Indicator could be:  No. of policies, proposed, adopted, implemented Data on “improved governance” cross-checked with other reports from other interventions (e.g., ELE, Forest restoration, PES, communication campaign, etc.) in terms of reduced number of illegal activities, change in behavior, level of awareness, etc. Resource allocation and management Indicator could be:  Amount of funding provided to LGU, PAMB, other partner institutions Protection system Conflict resolution Transparency Examples of standards, protocols, and good practices 646 Strategy / Intervention Policy and Governance GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 13 To what extent and under what conditions does the improvement of governance by LGUs and PAMB lead to funded activities by LGUs, PAMB, DENR and other partners that support for forest conservation at BWISER sites? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 Accountability Public participation Given the above indicators, these could be changed into:  for LGUs, according to Principles of Governance, i.e., functionality, transparency, accountability, being participatory);  for PAMB, according to the elements of METT (context, process, output, outcome, etc.). Here, the score indices may be used. METT and GSA need to be undertaken during the start, mid, and terminal periods of the Program. Funded activities by LGU, PAMB, DENR, and other partners support forest conservation at B+WISER sites Categories of funded activities (from GSA and METT) by LGU, PAMB, DENR, and other partners that support forest conservation BWISER sites Qualitative assessment using GSA scores (LGUs) and METT scores (PAMB) LGU annual investment plan Activity For analysis methods, see Anne's example of categorizing funded activities and correlating to GSA and METT scores "Funded activities" Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes, see remarks Apply triangulation approach As much as possible, indicators could be supported by quantifiable terms (e.g., amount of funds provided, number or type of activities/projects under the METT and GSA that are funded, etc.). 647 Strategy / Intervention Policy and Governance GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 13 To what extent and under what conditions does the improvement of governance by LGUs and PAMB lead to funded activities by LGUs, PAMB, DENR and other partners that support for forest conservation at BWISER sites? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 at B+WISER sites reports list funded activities by DENR and other partners relative to B+WISER sites include program, projects, and activities. No. of sites 7 Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER. Critical factors Buy-in from DENR and other national government agencies to implement/ fund activities Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but the MPE team recommends.... funded activities by DENR and other national government agencies Co-variates Buy-in from PAMB and LGUs to implement/ fund activities Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but the MPE team recommends.... funded activities by PAMB and LGU Elections Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis recommended by B+WISER, but the MPE team recommends.... No. of funded activities by PAMB and LGU as a result of the election Anticipated Improved Yes N/A Yes Yes None None No unit of analysis 648 Strategy / Intervention Policy and Governance GUIDE QUESTIONS Remarks EQ 13 To what extent and under what conditions does the improvement of governance by LGUs and PAMB lead to funded activities by LGUs, PAMB, DENR and other partners that support for forest conservation at BWISER sites? Result Indicator Unit Method Note 1 2 3 4 5 6 trend governance (as measured by GSA and METT scores) will lead to an increase in funded activities for forest conservation at B+WISER sites recommended by B+WISER, but the MPE team recommends.... additional activities implemented by PAMB and LGU ANNEX VII-C Summary of Key Observations on the Evaluability of 13 Evaluation Questions 649 ANNEX VII-C: SUMMARY OF KEY OBSERVATIONS ON THE EVALUABILITY OF 13 EVALUATION QUESTIONS RESULTS OF EVALUABILITY OF 13 EVALUATION QUESTIONS EQ No. Evaluation Questions Key Observations EQ 1 To what extent and under what conditions do improved biophysical conditions of natural forests contribute to a reduction in carbon emissions? The current indicators on Forest Cover and CO2 emission reduced and sequestered are enough to substantiate the evaluability of this EQ by end of B+WISER project implementation. The project has already accumulated annual carbon benefits of 2,768,958 t CO2 equivalent by the end of December 2015 from seven project sites. This is almost 52.00% of LOP target. Alternative computations done by the evaluation team in the four MPE sites provided accumulated carbon benefits estimated at about 1,880,160 t CO2 equivalent for the same period, broken down as follows:  UMRBPL/KWFR = 128,108 t CO2 equivalent;  NSMNP = 1,243,104 t CO2 equivalent;  MKRNP = 102,888 t CO2 equivalent; and  MANP = 406,060 t CO2 equivalent. This trend supports the CO2 equivalent figures reported by the project. Further assessment done by the MPE Team revealed that the several activities are being undertaken to attain the targets in supporting Forest Restoration Initiatives. Through Landsat analysis, the MPE Team has confirmed that about 15,280 ha in the three project sites are already under Forest Restoration Initiatives. EQ 2 To what extent and under what conditions did a reduction in the overall specific pressure in the project area lead to improved biophysical conditions of natural forests or critically endangered species? The LAWIN forest and biodiversity protection system started only in May 2015, hence, only limited data on “pressures observed” are available for establishing trend. B+WISER is currently implementing activities to collect data to reduce pressures such as strengthening patrol efforts, passage of necessary guidelines and technical bulletins from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources to adopt LAWIN. The MPE Team recommends improvements on the data collection to include the disaggregation of forest loss into forest degradation and deforestation. 650 EQ No. Evaluation Questions Key Observations Disaggregation will provide the basis for estimating the respective emissions and for formulating the appropriate restoration and/or reforestation interventions by DENR in the future. EQ 3 To what extent and under what conditions did patrolling effort lead to a reduction in pressures? Existing indicators (patrol works and pressures observed) and how they are collected are enough to answer the evaluability of this EQ. During the MPE, the project has already established patrol efforts in 16 conservation areas in six project sites. However, existing data and information are not enough to establish a trend in terms of reducing pressures. EQ 4 To what extent and under what conditions did the adoption of alternative livelihoods lead to reduction in pressures in the high conservation value areas (HCVAs) within protected areas (PAs)? The number of households adopting alternative livelihoods and the number of pressures observed are enough indicators to substantiate the evaluability of this EQ. While the project has reported a significant number of people that already benefited (and continuously benefiting) from the project (i.e., 58.09% of the target), specific number or percentage could not be attributed directly to alternative livelihood as they are only few during the MPE (foremost only is the ecotourism project in MANP). Beside, no trend could be established yet for observed pressures as data and information are still limited during the MPE. EQ 5 To what extent and under what conditions did an increase in appreciation of natural resources management (NRM) initiatives lead to an increase in the amount of leveraged funds and investments from private companies, public sector and civil society organizations (CSOs) for forest/biodiversity conservation? The number of partnerships forged by the project and the amount of leveraged funds are enough indicators to establish the evaluability of this EQ. During the MPE, the evaluation team has confirmed the project’s accomplishments related to this EQ, to wit:  Leverages some US$23,390,593 of funds/investments from partners (or 467.8% of the target of US$5.0 million), which includes the PhP1.0 billion from DENR’s Mangrove and Beach Forest Development (MBFD) Program;  Partnerships forged with Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), Energy Development Corporation (EDC), Foundation for the Philippine Environment (FPE), Philippine Tropical Forest Conservation Foundation (PTFCF), and Philippine Eagle Foundation (PEF). EQ 6 To what extent and under what conditions did the formulation of a forest management unit (FMU) plan lead to some degree of funding for Based on current indicators for this EQ (area covered by FMU plans and funded resource management plans), the project has completed enhancing management plans for five PAs and three watershed forest reserves within the project sites, as well as for other FMU plans. By including the scale of funds generated and where they are utilized 651 EQ No. Evaluation Questions Key Observations forest protection and maintenance? would substantiate further the evaluability of the EQ. The project has reported that some 35,663 hectares (including mangrove areas) have been covered by improved management plans and are now under Forest Restoration Initiatives, with some level of funding provided. EQ 7 To what extent and under what conditions did an increase in community’s adoption of desired behavior lead to a reduction in pressures in the project area? The MPE found that the two indicators (number of resource users that do not comply with rules and number of pressures observed) and the data generated (and still to be generated) are basically adequate. At the time of the MPE, limited data are available, and just like in EQ 2, it will be difficult to establish the trend for “observed pressures” as LAWIN practically started only in May 2015. However, as ELE and related patrol works are being strengthened, this EQ is believed to be evaluable by the end of project implementation. It is recommended that an additional indicator on the number of resource users who have engaged in forest/ biodiversity protection and related conservation activities be considered. EQ 8 To what extent and under what conditions did the institutional arrangements for PES and safeguards being put in place lead to ecosystem services (ES) sellers (M/F) compensated for carrying out their role in forest/biodiversity conservation? The current indicators, units of analysis, and methods of analysis (with some level of refocusing) are enough to make the EQ evaluable. The following “refocused” indicators maybe considered:  Number of ES sellers with increased economic benefits from PES;  Number of ES buyers that pay for ES; and  Number and type of PES mechanisms. As it is now, focus is only on the ES sellers; and it will not provide a complete picture of a PES scheme if the ES buyers are not included in the equation. Likewise, the mechanism for which they agreed to perform ES roles should also be put in place. The PES mechanism should show how part of the ES-generated funds are ploughed back for conservation purposes. EQ 9 To what extent and under what conditions did institutional arrangements for PES being put in place lead to protected area (PA) getting more resources for PA management? The current indicators are enough to make this EQ evaluable. However, the “results” should be reworded as:  Institutional arrangements for PES schemes, i.e., in terms of type / classification of PES employed, (e.g., ecotourism, community-based, NGO-based, LGU-based, private sector-based, etc.); and 652 EQ No. Evaluation Questions Key Observations (as part of the Integrated Protected Area Fund [IPAF])?  More resources generated for PA management. EQ 10 To what extent and under what conditions did improved management effectiveness tracking tool (METT) and governance self-assessment (GSA) scores lead to evidence that the implemented METT and GSA action plans addressed priority pressures? The current indicators, units of analysis, methods of analysis, and amount of available data are enough to make the EQ evaluable. While only baseline information are available for the METT and GSA scores, it will help a lot if scores could also be generated and established during the mid-term and terminal implementation of the Program. To strengthen evidences on addressing priority threats, analyses of cases or examples of application of activities encouraged by METT and GSA will also help establish the evaluability of this EQ. EQ 11 To what extent and under what conditions did funding of resource management plans by Protected Area Superintendent (PASu) offices and LGUs lead to implementation of activities by PASu offices and LGUs aimed at addressing priority pressures? B+WISER is currently implementing activities to measure two indicators, number of enhanced Resource Management plans funded and number of implemented activities. The implementation of activities is dependent on many factors:  ability of the Protected Area Superintendents and local government units to generate funds;  ensuring that such funds will be appropriated for priority pressure areas;  getting the policy laid down for these activities, and many others. But with the anticipated linkages with funding institutions, more leveraged funds, and partnerships with organizations, funding of plans are expected, and implementation of conservation and protection activities by Protected Area Superintendents and local government units shall follow. The MPE Team recommends to add one indicator to capture the scale of funds secured - amount of funding provided to plans/activities - to make the EQ evaluable by the end of Program implementation. EQ 12 To what extent and under what conditions did the formulation of policy (in response to policy gaps) by LGUs and PAMBs at the local level and DENR and other national agencies lead to rules that support forest conservation at B+WISER project sites? Again, current indicators, units of analysis, methods of analysis, and amount of available data are enough to make the EQ evaluable. But it will be helpful also not to do only descriptive analysis of these indicators, but consider expounding the indicators into quantitative terms like:  number resolutions issued by PAMB and LGU; and  number of rules and regulations issued by concerned national authorities To make the evaluability more meaningful, it is recommended further that policy analysis 653 EQ No. Evaluation Questions Key Observations be disaggregated into PAMB, DENR, LGU, etc. and/or according to intervention (e.g., law enforcement, forest restoration, ELE, etc.). Records show that the project has exceeded its target on number of policies formulated that support forest conservation. Accomplishment has reached 150.9%, or 89 policies compared to the target of only 59. EQ 13 To what extent and under what conditions did the improvement of governance by LGUs and PAMBs lead to activities funded by LGUs, PAMBs, DENR and other partners that support forest conservation at B+WISER Project sites? The current indicators are generally enough to make the EQ evaluable. However, the “result” should be reworded to read as Governance Improved. To make the indicators more substantive, they should be stated in measureable terms: • No. of policies, proposed, adopted, implemented • Amount of funding provided to LGU, PAMB, and other partner institutions. Indicators could be further categorized into:  for LGUs, according to Principles of Governance, i.e., functionality, transparency, accountability, being participatory);  for PAMB, according to the elements of METT (context, process, output, outcome, etc.). Here, the score indices may be used. It is reiterated that METT and GSA need to be undertaken during the start, mid, and terminal periods of the project. Data that will be generated should be cross-checked with other reports from other interventions (e.g., ELE, Forest restoration, PES, communication campaign, etc.) in terms of reduced number of illegal activities; change in behavior, level of awareness, etc. ANNEX VIII Disaggregating Deforestation and Forest Degradation 654 ANNEX VIII: DISAGGREGATING DEFORESTATION AND FOREST DEGRADATION Deforestation refers to the long-term or permanent conversion of land from forest use to other non￾forest uses. Under Decision 11/CP.7, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) defined deforestation as the direct, human-induced conversion of forested land to non-forested land. It includes areas of forest converted to agriculture, pasture, water reservoirs and urban areas. Deforestation causes a change in land use and usually in land cover. Common changes include conversion of forests to annual cropland, conversion to perennial plants (oil palm, shrubs), conversion to slash-and-burn (shifting cultivation) lands, and conversion to urban lands or other human infrastructure (GOFC-GOLD, 2009). Forest degradation is the long-term reduction of the overall supply of benefits from forest, which includes wood, biodiversity and other products or service. In most cases, degradation does not show as a decrease in the area of woody vegetation but rather as a gradual reduction of biomass, changes in species composition and soil degradation (Schoene et al., 2007). Thompson et al (2013) defined forest degradation as a reduction in the capacity of a forest to provide ecosystem services such as carbon storage and wood products as a result of anthropogenic and environmental changes. Lanly (2003) further elaborated on the basic distinction between deforestation and forest degradation. He pointed out that deforestation essentially involves a decrease in the area covered by forest while forest degradation does not involve a reduction of the forest area, but rather a quality decrease in its condition. In short, deforestation results in loss of forest cover while forest degradation leads to changes in forest composition and structure. Deforestation is primarily caused by subsistence agriculture and conversion of forested areas into lands intended for cash crops, livestock, industries, human settlement and other non-forest uses. Specifically, subsistence agriculture refers to slash and burn practiced by upland migrants as supposed to Swidden farming by indigenous peoples that involves fallow (rest) periods to enable the forest to recover from disturbances brought about by partial clearing and tillage. Forest degradation is due to logging (particularly selective logging), timber poaching, and illegal gathering of wildlife and non-timber forest products. It should be emphasized that selective logging involves the removal of mature, over-mature and defective trees with healthy residual or immature trees left to regenerate the forest. On the one hand, deforestation results in total loss of forest cover and the attendant forest goods and services. On the other hand, forest degradation involves the disturbance and subsequent reduction in the normal functioning of forest ecosystem like growth, carbon sequestration, hydrology and soil formation. Deforestation requires total rehabilitation of denuded areas thru reforestation that involves substantial amount of investment. In contrast, rehabilitation of degraded forests includes assisted natural regeneration, rainforestation and enrichment planting which are comparatively cheaper to implement than reforestation. Disaggregating deforestation and forest degradation in forest development and conservation projects could very well prepare them for the eventual implementation of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) in the country. (REDD+) incentivizes developing countries to reduce 655 their greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation due to shifting cultivation, land conversion, and logging. References: Schoene, Dieter, W. Killmann, H. von Lüpke, and M. LoycheWilkie. 2007. Definitional issues related to reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries. Forests and Climate Change Working Paper 5. Food and Agriculture Organization. GOFC-GOLD, 2009, Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and degradation in developing countries: a sourcebook of methods and procedures for monitoring, measuring and reporting, GOFC-GOLD Report version COP14-2, (GOFC-GOLD Project Office, Natural Resources Canada, Alberta, Canada). Lanly, Jean Paul. 2003. Deforestation and Forest Degradation Factors. In: Proceedings XII World Forestry Congress. Thompson, I. D., M. R. Guariguata, K. Okabe, C. Bahamondez, R. Nasi, V. Heymell, and C. Sabogal. 2013. An operational framework for defining and monitoring forest degradation. Ecology and Society 18(2): 20. ANNEX IX B+WISER Project’s Key Indicators, Targets, and Accomplishments (as of December 2015) Validated during the MPE 656 ANNEX IX. B+WISER PROJECT’S KEY INDICATORS, TARGETS, AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS (AS OF DECEMBER 2015) VALIDATED DURING THE MPE # Indicators LOP Target 2015 target Accomplishments MPE Validation / Confirmation Total (CY 2013-15) % accomplished (2015) % accomplished (LOP) 1 Number of hectares under improved natural resources management (biodiversity and Sustainable Landscape) 780,000 95,602 292,064 104.74% 37.44% The MPE confirms the reported accomplishments based on the four criteria set by USAID on “improved natural resource management”, i.e.:  six science-based ecological assessments undertaken;  four climate change vulnerability assessments conducted;  action plans to improve PA and LGU governance and management formulated and supported in seven sites;  Forest Management Unit (FMU) plans drafted and supported in seven sites;  96,882 person hours training on biodiversity conservation, forest management, monitoring of low emissions development and disaster management implemented; and  key activities that relate to biodiversity conservation carried out. 2 Number of hectares showing improved biophysical conditions 584,000 n/a n/a The following accomplishments were also confirmed to conclude that B+WISER is on track:  independent calculations on forest cover supported the project report, 657 # Indicators LOP Target 2015 target Accomplishments MPE Validation / Confirmation Total (CY 2013-15) % accomplished (2015) % accomplished (LOP) showing a positive net change in MKRNP and a negative net change in NSMNP and UMRBPL/KWFR to establish baselines;  continuous training on LAWIN being participated by DENR, LGUs, and POs to monitor trends in number of observed threats indicators species of forest health;  start of monitoring of threats and indicator species in 8,000 ha by community patrollers in Barangay Lumutan, General Nakar, Quezon within UMRBPL/KWFR ;  regular monitoring of about 1,996 ha in MKRNP by Kitanglad Guard Volunteers, resulting in fewer forest violations; and  coverage of more than 3,000 ha for patrol work in collaboration with the Philippine Eagle Foundation (PEF). 3 Number of laws, policies, strategies, plans, agreements, or regulations addressing biodiversity conservation officially proposed, adopted or implemented (NRM and SL) 59 12 89 258.33% 150.85% At the national level, the MPE validated that the project has assisted:  BMB in developing the Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (PBSAP) M&E Framework, the stock￾taking phase of the National PA Master Plan preparation, the Handbook for Environmental Law Enforcement in Protected Areas, and the refinement/finalization of the PAMB Operations Manual and 658 # Indicators LOP Target 2015 target Accomplishments MPE Validation / Confirmation Total (CY 2013-15) % accomplished (2015) % accomplished (LOP) Guidelines for the Preparation of Management Plans for Local Conservation Areas (LCAs);  Ecotourism Committee of the PAMB of Mount Apo on formulating a Common Trekking Policy among the different LGUs;  ERDB on a Technical Bulletin on Mangrove and Beach Forest Establishment and Management. At the local level, the project has assisted in the formulation of local policies and guidelines in the form of DENR issuances, PAMB resolutions, and LGU ordinances. 4 Number of biodiversity conservation/watershed -related research publications and technical papers produced 10 3 7 100.00% 70.00% MPE Team validated that seven research/technical papers have been produced at the Project Management Office (PMO), namely:  Technical Paper on Restoration of Forest Ecosystem Functions  Technical Paper on A Strategic Approach in Identifying High Value Conservation Areas  Methods and Guidelines for Forest Monitoring, Carbon Density Assessment and REDD+ in the Philippines  Technical Paper on Enhancing Protected Area/watershed Management Planning in the Philippines 659 # Indicators LOP Target 2015 target Accomplishments MPE Validation / Confirmation Total (CY 2013-15) % accomplished (2015) % accomplished (LOP)  Technical Paper on the LAWIN Forest and Biodiversity Protection System (has become Manual of Procedure appended to the LAWIN technical Bulletin  Introduction to Stream bank stabilization: Field Guide for the Philippines (specifically developed for the Quinali Watershed Stream Restoration Workshop in collaboration with the US Department of Agriculture and USDA Forest Service  Technical Paper on Beach Forest Establishment and Management (has become technical bulletin on the same topic) 5 Number of hectares of forest under forest restoration initiatives 78,000 15,600 35,663 223.45% 45.72% The following activities leading to the attainment of targets in supporting forest restoration were validated:  Assistance in forest and mangrove restoration activities covering some 9,000 ha;  Support to active forest restoration and maintenance of 2011 and 2012 planted NGP sites in UMRBPL/KWFR through partnership with the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), where an amount of US$208,000 was allocated for the wages of 665 beneficiaries engaged in the Conditional Cash 660 # Indicators LOP Target 2015 target Accomplishments MPE Validation / Confirmation Total (CY 2013-15) % accomplished (2015) % accomplished (LOP) Transfer (CCT) Program;  Provision of technical assistance in the formulation of FMU plans for agroforestry, mangrove and riparian projects in Maconacon, Isabela in NSMNP and in the management of an existing 200-ha Barangay Forest Protection Area of a Bagobo Tagabawa tribe in MANP;  Implementation of biodiversity conservation and forest restoration initiatives in 7,500 ha within two ancestral domains in Bongolanon, Magpet and Perez, Kidapawan City; and  Adoption and implementation of a “passive” forest restoration strategy through LAWIN, particularly in MKRNP. 6 Amount of CO2 equivalent reduced and/or sequestered in metric tons 5,350,278 623,444 2,768,958 223.61% 51.75% Alternative computations done by the MPE Team in the four sample sites provided accumulated carbon benefits estimated at about 1,880,160 t CO2 equivalent for the same period, broken down as follows:  UMRBPL/KWFR, 128,108 t CO2 equivalent;  NSMNP, 1,243,104 t CO2 equivalent;  MKRNP, 102,888 t CO2 equivalent; and  MANP, 406,060 t CO2 equivalent. This trend supported the CO2 equivalent 661 # Indicators LOP Target 2015 target Accomplishments MPE Validation / Confirmation Total (CY 2013-15) % accomplished (2015) % accomplished (LOP) figures reported by the B+WISER project. 7a Amount in USD of investments leveraged from public and private sources 5,000,000 2,495,000 23,390,593 930.60% 467.81% Reported project accomplishment includes leveraged fund from the Mangrove and Beach Forest Development amounting to PhP1 billion fund (or about US$ 21.7m). Other related accomplishments confirmed during the MPE are:  Increase of the trekker fee for MANP from US$11.10 to US$33.30 and limiting the number of trekkers to only 3,000 per year to reduce the negative impact on the PA ecosystem, particularly the generation of garbage during the summer months;  Approval of new user fee rates and policies for MKRNP, resulting in the increase of fees collected to US$5,514 for the period, January– June 2015, alone;  Cost sharing from LGUs, academic institutions and NGOs in various activities of the program; and  Passage of a PAMB resolution requesting DBM to allocate an annual budget from the national government’s General Appropriations Act (GAA) amounting to approximately PhP20.0 million for MKRNP operations. 662 # Indicators LOP Target 2015 target Accomplishments MPE Validation / Confirmation Total (CY 2013-15) % accomplished (2015) % accomplished (LOP) 8 Number of people with increased economic benefits derived from NRM and conservation as a result of USG assistance 29,000 3,000 16,845 561.50% 58.09% MPE also validated and confirmed this accomplishment. Benefits received from the project are in the forms of:  Allowances/payment of technicians, patrollers, and other persons engaged in timber inventory and implementation of LAWIN;  Allowances from participation in mangrove and beach forest development (MBFD)-related activities;  Allowances of local guides in field visits;  Wages of laborers hired for construction of hanging bridge in a Mangrove Project in Quezon Province;  Allowances from participation in forest maintenance activities (ring weeding, seedling production) under the USAID-DENR-DSWD partnership and conduct of law enforcement activities;  Allowances from participation in activities under the USAID B+WISER's Forest Restoration Grant. 9a Number of PAMBs with increases in METT scores (2014 figures refer to number of assessments conducted) 10 n/a n/a The MPE confirmed that the project has already established the METT scores for 10 PAs and GSA scores for 37 LGUs, which will be used as basis in assessing their performances on environmental management. 663 # Indicators LOP Target 2015 target Accomplishments MPE Validation / Confirmation Total (CY 2013-15) % accomplished (2015) % accomplished (LOP) 9b Number of LGUs with increases in GSA scores (2014 figures refer to number of assessments conducted) 29 n/a n/a 10 Number of person hours of training in NRM/BD and CC 90,000 14,000 94,653 263.17% 105.17% As mentioned earlier, the MPE also confirmed that the project provided a total of 96,882 person hours in training on biodiversity conservation, forest management, monitoring of low emissions development and disaster management and benefitting DENR, LGU and CSO staff, as well as PAMB and CBO officers and members, including women and IPs. 11 Number of days of technical assistance in NRM/BD and CC 2,000 760 2,229 135.53% 111.45% 12 Number of institutions with improved capacity to address climate change issues as a result of USG assistance 20 7 7 100.00% 35.00% The MPE did not cover this in its TOR.