Building Back Batter in Tacloban: 
Post-Haiyan Community Rehabilitation 
Final Evaluation Report 
Cooperative Agreement No AID-OFDA-G-14-00016
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Table of Contents
I. Rationale 4 
II. Purpose and Objective 4 
III. Scope of the Final Evaluation 4 
IV. Methodology 5 
V. Quantitative Validation of Targets versus Achievements 6 
VI. Qualitative Validation of Targets using Sphere Standards 17
VII. Evaluation Using CCCD Standards 36
VIII. Structural Evaluation Results 42
IX. Institutional Assessment Results 47
X. Assessment on the Status of Target Beneficiaries (Baseline versus endline) 53
XI. Success Stories 64
XII. Conclusions 71
 
List of Annexes
Annex A: Focused Group Discussions Questionnaires 
Annex B: Household Survey Questionnaires
Annex C: Criteria for Selection of Settlement Beneficiaries
Annex D: Master list of Beneficiaries Household Survey
Annex E: Structural Designs
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List of Abbreviations
4Ps – Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program
ADMS – Advocates for Development Management and Sustainability, Inc.
AIP - Annual Investment Plan 
BCPC – Barangay Council for the Protection of Children
BDRRMC - Barangay Disaster and Risk Reduction Management Council 
CCCD- Child-centered Community Development 
CDRRMO - City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office 
CENRO - Community/City Environment and Natural Resources Offices 
CERT - Community Emergency Response Team 
CPIE - Child Protection in Emergencies 
CSWDO – City Social Welfare and Development Office 
DepED – Department of Education
DILG – Department of Interior and Local Government
DRRM - Disaster Risk Reduction Management
DSWD – Department of Social Welfare and Development
ESWM - Ecological Solid Waste Management
EWS – Emergency Warning System
FGD - Focused Group Discussions
GBV- Gender Based Violence 
ICS - Incident Command System 
KII - Key Informant Interviews
LGU – Local Government Unit
NIT - Neighborhood Improvement Team 
NSCB – National Statistical Coordinating Board
PopCom – Population Commission 
TESDA - Technical Education and Skills Development Authority 
WASH – Water Sanitation and Hygiene
WaSaR – Water Search and Rescue
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I. Rationale
Tacloban City, including the barangays comprising the Area 4 community (Barangays 62 and 62A), is one 
of the areas most affected by Typhoon Haiyan. An estimated 90% of the city’s central infrastructure is 
destroyed. Plan International - Philippines is presently implementing a project with the generous 
support from OFDA, USAID in Barangay 62 and 62A titled Building Back Better in Tacloban: Post-Haiyan 
Community Rehabilitation. The project is multi- sectoral in nature involving Shelter, Water Sanitation 
and Hygiene (WASH), Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Child Protection in Emergencies (CPIE) 
programmes. It targeted 6,079 beneficiaries in Tacloban City, Leyte, Eastern Visayas (Region VIII), 
Philippines. As the project implementation ends, a final evaluation was conducted to validate the 
achievement of project targets and gauge the quality of the implementation process. 
II. Purpose and Objectives of the Final Evaluation
The final evaluation aims to assess the implementation of the USAID/OFDA-funded “Building Back Better 
in Tacloban: Post-Haiyan Community Rehabilitation Project”. The evaluation is expected to build on the 
baseline, monitoring data and lessons learned throughout the project cycle. Particular attention will be 
on the following:
1) Assess program appropriateness and effectiveness and capture lessons learned in relation to the 
modality of assistance, cross-sector synergies and integration, outcomes, community 
perception, preference and participation.
2) Assess if the project was implemented in accordance with the 5 standards of Child-centered 
Community Development (CCCD). 
3) Assess the role that Plan International Philippines has played in meeting the humanitarian and 
early recovery needs in Barangay 62 and 62A in Tacloban through the activities implemented.
4) Formulate specific and realistic recommendations for program implementation mechanisms to 
deliver effective humanitarian assistance to future disasters at this scale.
III. Scope of the Final Evaluation
Based on the Terms of Reference, the evaluation study will specifically assess the project on the 
following dimensions:
1) Outputs and Outcomes. - The Advocates for Development Management and Sustainability, Inc. 
(ADMS) will assess the outputs and outcomes generated by the project in relation to the overall 
project goal, objectives and desired results. In particular, the final evaluation will assess the 
effects of the program activities on the beneficiaries with reference to the OFDA performance 
against indicators per sector and sub-sector. 
2) CCCD Standards. – The ADMS will assess if the outputs and outcomes generated by the project 
are in accordance or fall within the levels of the CCCD standards. 
3) Relevance - The ADMS will assess whether the program interventions met the immediate needs 
of the beneficiaries and the appropriateness of the program interventions to the context and 
overall priorities. 
4) Effectiveness. – The ADMS will assess the extent to which program interventions achieved the 
desired outcomes, factoring in issues of program management including decision making 
processes, risk management, institutional arrangements and partnerships with local 
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government units, humanitarian agencies and other stakeholders and their effects on the 
program results. 
5) Efficiency. - The ADMS will assess the relationship between the quantity, quality, and timeliness 
of program inputs, including personnel, training and procurement. In addition, determine the 
quantity, quality and timeliness of the outputs generated and whether the resources were spent 
as economically as possible. 
6) Sustainability. - The ADMS will assess the project’s wider, indirect outcomes on local markets in 
terms of skills training, income generation and availability, resources available to sustain the 
activities and services, collaborative links and referral networks with other service providers, 
and the level of community ownership. 
7) Coverage. - The ADMS will assess if the project’s targeting reached the most vulnerable in the 
most affected locations. It will also identify Plan’s coverage as compared to the need in the 
project areas and assess if Plan was effective in coordination between different actors in 
reducing the risk of duplication. 
8) Coordination. - The ADMS will assess Plan’s capacity in engaging and maintaining relations with 
key stakeholders at the national and field level as well as its capacity to engage in the 
humanitarian coordination structure/architecture (e.g. sector working groups).
9) Program Improvement Areas. - The ADMS will capture the project’s key successes, best 
practices, lessons learned, implementation challenges, constraints, strengths and weaknesses. It 
will also assess the role of beneficiary consultation in program design and implementation, and 
areas of improvement
IV. Methodology
The evaluation was conducted through the use mixed-method evaluation that involves drawing on both 
quantitative and qualitative data. Based on the Terms of Reference, the ADMS will undertake the 
following:
1) Conduct focus group discussions with target groups. 
2) Use interviewer-administered structured questionnaires to identified stakeholders. Sampling 
size is 20% of the total number of households/beneficiaries reached by the project.
3) Conduct in-depth interviews with key informants. 
4) Review relevant primary and secondary sources of data.
5) Use quantitative method in reviewing existing data related to the outcome indicators supplied 
by Plan, and verify sample of same in the field. 
6) Review related documents from Plan International, national government agencies (based in 
Tacloban City) reports and statistics, donor guidance and associated documents.
7) Collect data in Barangays 62 and 62-A, Tacloban City and conduct multi-variate analysis against 
baseline data. 
8) Consult a fair representation of the identified stakeholders. 
9) Conduct evaluation with the control group, if applicable.
V. Quantitative Validation of Targets versus Achievements
RESULTS BY OBJECTIVE
Sector : Shelter and Settlements (S&S)
Objective I : To provide emergency shelter to affected populations
Sub-sector : Emergency/Transitional Shelter 
Performance against indicators Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
Number of households in the 
program area receiving emergency/ 
transitional shelter
1,289 2,432
Based on project records and upon field validation, this indicator
is 189% achieved. During the validation meeting with the project 
staff, the increase in the number of beneficiaries reached can be 
attributed to the fact that some of those beneficiaries who were 
supposed to receive full-house assistance already started 
rebuilding their homes. Under the beneficiary selection criteria 
of the project, beneficiaries who already started rebuilding their 
homes will fall under the “house repair category” and will only 
be given repair kits instead of full houses. Since house repairs 
cost a lot less than the construction of full houses, the project 
was able to stretch out its budget to reach more beneficiaries. 
Number of households in the 
program area receiving emergency/ 
transitional shelter pursuant to 
Sphere project standards and FOG 
guidelines
1,289 2,432
Based on project records, this indicator is 189% achieved. This 
indicator is directly related to the first indicator which is 
“Number of households in the program area receiving 
emergency/transitional shelter”.
Percentage of total affected 
population in the program area 
receiving emergency/ transitional 
shelter assistance disaggregated by 
sex 
2.95% (6,079 
targeted/ 
204,491 total 
affected, 50% 
female, 50% 
male)
3.79% 
(7,759/204,491)
7,759 (M- 3,565, F￾4,194 )
This indicator exceeded target by 0.84%. Higher percentage of sex 
disaggregated beneficiaries can be attributed to the higher number of 
households reached by the project.Note that the original targeted reach is 
6,079 but the actual cumulative reach is 7,759. 
Total USD amount and percent of 
approved project budget for 0 0 
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Performance against indicators Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
emergency/transitional shelter spent 
on goods and services produced in 
the affected host country economy
Sector : Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene 
Objective II : To support improved household and community WASH conditions
Sub-sector : Hygiene Promotion
Performance against indicators Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
Number of people receiving
direct hygiene promotion
6,079 8,079 
Based on records (verified through the attendance sheets 
generated during the conduct of hygiene promotion 
activities), this indictor is 133% achieved. During the staff 
validation meeting, the increase in reached beneficiaries was 
explained as “spill-over effect” since the activities were 
conducted mostly in the schools. Most of the hygiene 
promotion activities were also done at the community level-it 
was even extended down at the purok level. Note that many 
students in the elementary and high school located in the 
project site came from the neighbouring villages (barangays), 
thus, we can surmise that the additional number of 
beneficiaries reached are from these areas. 
Number of respondents who 
know 3 of 5 critical times to wash 
hands 400 (80% of 
respondents) 414 out of 421 
Based on project records, this indicator is fully satisfied 
within the 10%+/- parameter. Knowledge of beneficiaries 
was validated through a field survey and focused group 
discussions with stakeholders. During the focus group 
discussions, the respondents stated the following reasons for 
the increase in number of respondents who know 3 of 5 
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Performance against indicators Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
critical times to wash hands, namely: a) through information 
campaigns through training activities, flyers, posters, wall 
murals etc. b) info dissemination through the community 
health workers, c) among children, information campaign in 
schools through the junior promoters. 
Number of households who store 
their water safely in clean 
containers 
400 (80% of 
respondents) 421 out of 421 
This indicator is fully satisfied within the 10%+/-
parameters. This was validated through random ocular 
inspections and focused group discussions with stakeholders. 
During the FGDs, the respondents stated the following 
reasons for the increase in the number of households who 
store water safely in clean containers, information campaign 
through training activities, flyers, posters, wall murals etc. b) 
info dissemination through the community health workers, c) 
among children, information campaign in schools through 
the junior promoters.
Sub-sector : Sanitation Infrastructure
Performance against indicators Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
Number of people directly benefiting 
from this sanitation infrastructure 
program 
6,079 6,406 
Based on project records, this indicator is fully satisfied at 
105% which is within the 10%+/- parameter. This was 
validated through focused group discussions with 
stakeholders. Random test respondents were interviewed 
in Barangay 62 and 62A as to whether or not they 
received direct benefits from this component through the 
information campaigns, latrine 
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Performance against indicators Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
constructions/rehabilitation, installation/rehabilitation of 
hand washing facilities and construction of septic tanks. 
Number of household latrines 
completed and cleaned
615 635 
Based on project records, this indicator is fully satisfied at 
103% which is within the 10%+/- parameters. This was 
validated through random ocular inspections and focused 
group discussions with stakeholders. The evaluation team 
through the field enumerators, visited the households, 
conducted interviews and checked if the facilities stated in 
the master list actually existed. Based on the consolidated 
reports of the field survey, all latrines recorded as 
completed in the master list are in place. 
Number of hand washing facilities in 
use 
615 630 
Based on project records, this indicator is fully satisfied at 
102% which is within the 10%+/- parameter. This was 
validated through random ocular inspections and focused 
group discussions with stakeholders. The evaluation team 
through the field enumerators, visited the households, 
conducted interviews and checked if the facilities stated in 
the master list actually existed. Based on the consolidated 
reports of the field survey, all hand washing facilities 
recorded as completed in the master list are in place.
Number of household septic systems 
developed, repaired, or rehabilitated
750 668 
Based on project records, this indicator is only 89% 
achieved and fell just about 1% off the 10%+/- parameter. 
This was validated through random ocular inspections and 
focused group discussions with stakeholders. The 
evaluation team through the field enumerators, visited the 
households, conducted interviews and checked if the 
facilities stated in the master list actually existed. Based 
on the consolidated reports of the field survey, all septic 
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Performance against indicators Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
systems recorded as completed in the master list are in 
place. About 30 or more septic systems were still under 
construction during the visits conducted between July to 
July 15, 2015. 
During the validation meeting with the project staff, the 
reason given for the under achievement of this indicator is 
that some of the target beneficiaries already started 
rebuilding their latrines by the time the project started. 
Sub-sector : Water Supply Infrastructure 
Performance against indicators Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
Number of people directly benefiting from 
this water supply infrastructure program 
6,079 6,518 
Based on project records, this indicator is fully satisfied at 
107% which is within the 10%+/- parameter. This was 
validated through random ocular inspections, focused 
group discussions and actual field survey with 
stakeholders. Respondents visited and interviewed already 
have access to level 2 or level 3 water connections. As of 
July 15, 2015, the field survey team counted around 300 
houses with rain water catchment system. 
Number of water points developed, 635 669 Based on project records, this indicator is 105% which is 
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Performance against indicators Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
repaired, or rehabilitated within the 10%+/- parameter. This was validated through 
random ocular inspections and focused group discussions 
with stakeholders. During the validation meeting with the 
project staff, the justification given why this indicator was 
105% achieved is that many of the target beneficiaries 
already started rehabilitating their water connection by the 
time the project started. 
Number of households collecting all water 
for drinking, cooking, and hygiene from 
improved sources 400 (80% of 
respondents) 421 
Based on project records, this indicator is fully satisfied at 
105% which is within the 10%+/- parameter. This was 
validated through random ocular inspections and focused 
group discussions with stakeholders. Most of the 
households already have access to level 2 and level 3 
water sources. 
Sector : Protection 
Objective III : To support protection activities for vulnerable community members
Sub-sector : Child Protection 
Performance against indicators
Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
Number of people trained in child 
protection, disaggregated by sex
20 (including 10 
women and 10 
men)
1,069 (839 
women, 230 
men)
Based on project records, this indicator exceeds its target by 
5,345% which indicates a possible under targeting. During 
the data validation, it was found out that initially, the 
project targeted for a core group of 20 people to be trained 
in child protection services. However, during the actual 
implementation, the villagers became very interested in 
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Performance against indicators
Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
learning about child protection services. With the support 
of the Barangay Councils of Barangay 62 and 62A through 
the Barangay Council for the Protection of Children 
(BCPC) and in close collaboration with government 
agencies such as the DILG, CSWDO and PopCom, more 
people were trained in child protection. Most of those
trained were women or mothers. The changes in the target 
group was reflected in the Project Monitoring and 
Evaluation Plan but no adjustments in the targets were 
made, thus, there is a huge positive difference between the 
original target and the actual reach. 
Percentage of targeted children reporting an 
increase in their sense of safety and well￾being at the close of the program, 
disaggregated by sex
400 (80% of 
respondents) 81.25% 
Based on project records, this indicator is fully satisfied 
within the 10%+/- parameter. This was validated through 
focused group discussions with stakeholders. The increased 
sense of safety can also be attributed to the following 
project initiatives:
a. Installation of solar lamps. Children usually feel 
threatened by darkness, thus, the installation of the 
solar lamp posts in strategic areas in the community 
helped increase the feeling of safety especially 
among children. 
b. Awareness campaign on child’s rights. We 
observed at least 2 child rights information boards 
in Barangays 62 and 62A. 
c. Activation of the Barangay Council for the 
Protection of Children. During the FGDs with the 
Barangay Councils of Barangays 62 and 62A, the 
council members said that the Barangay already 
have child friendly ordinances and these ordinances 
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Performance against indicators
Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
are being implemented through the committee on 
women and children. 
d. Peer-to-peer information campaign through the 
Junior Promoters. 
Progress against Planned Activities
Activity 3.1 Strengthen local structures to provide a protective and responsive community for children
Sub-sector : Prevention and Response to Gender-based Violence
Performance against indicators
Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
Number of individuals benefitting from 
GBV services, disaggregated by sex
300 (250 
female, 50 male) 
240 (181 women, 
59 male) 
Based on project records, this indicator is 80% 
achieved which is about 10% off from the 10%+/- 
parameter. During the validation meetings with the 
stakeholders, the Barangay Council Committee 
Chairperson on the Protection of Women and 
Children, the chairperson on the Protection of Women 
and Children explained that many victims are 
unwilling to report incidence of violence. Before Plan 
came into the community, very few cases were 
reported and support system for victims was next to 
none. 
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Performance against indicators
Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Remarks
Number of people trained in GBV 
prevention or response, disaggregated 
by sex
20 (10 women 
and 10 men) 
303 (202 women, 
101 men)
Based on project records, this indicator exceeds its 
target by 1,515% which indicates a possible under 
targeting. During the validation meeting with the 
project staff, the justification given was that the 
original target was to create a core group of 20 GBV 
advocates. However, through training activities 
conducted at the local high school and elementary 
school, the project was able to train more GBV 
advocates. This change was not reflected in the 
Project Monitoring and Evaluation Plan thus there is a 
big discrepancy between the target and the actual 
reach. However, this is a positive increase with no 
extra project funds expended; thus, this added more 
value to the project because it increased project reach. 
Sector : Risk Management Policy and Practice 
Objective IV : To foster a culture of disaster risk reduction and preparedness within a rehabilitated community
Sub-sector : Building Community Awareness/Mobilization 
Performance against indicators
Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
Number of people participating in 
training disaggregated by sex
500 individual, 
including 250 females 
and 250 males 
1,054 
Based on project records, this indicator is 210% achieved. 
This was validated through focused group discussions with 
stakeholders. During the staff validation meeting, the 
reason given for the over achievement of target is that 
most members of the community are now aware of the 
need to help mitigate the impact of calamity., thus, more 
people want to attend training activities on disaster risk 
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Performance against indicators
Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
reduction. Training activities were also conducted in the 
schools which were participated in by students and parents 
coming from Barangays 62, 62 A and from the 
neighbouring barangays. 
Percentage of people trained who 
retain knowledge two months after 
training
75% 75% 
Based on project records, this indicator is fully satisfied 
within the 10%+/- parameter. This was validated through 
focused group discussions with stakeholders. 
Percentage of attendees at joint 
planning meetings who are from the 
local community 90% 100% 
Based on project records, this indicator is fully satisfied 
within the 10%+/- parameter. This was validated through
focused group discussions with stakeholders. During the 
FGDs, the community respondents said that they attend 
joint planning at the purok and barangay levels. 
Early warning system in targeted 
community is in place for all major 
hazards with appropriate outreach to 
communities 
Yes Yes
Based on project records, this indicator is fully satisfied. 
This was validated through focused group discussions with 
stakeholders. During the FGDs with the Barangay 
Officials, the officials said that their emergency response 
teams conduct community bandilyo in Puroks with the aid 
of handheld radios for communication. They also have 
public address systems, megaphone with sirens and teams 
that will go around the community to disseminate 
information and warnings. 
Percentage of community members 
who received at least one early 
warning message from at least one 
source prior to a disaster occurring 70% 114% 
Based on project records, this indicator is 114% achieved. 
This was validated through focused group discussions with 
stakeholders. During the staff validation meeting, the 
reason given for the over achievement of target is that 
most members of the community are now aware of the 
need to help mitigate the impact of calamity. Awareness 
raising was through a series of capability building 
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Performance against indicators
Target Achieved
(Cumulative)
activities.
VI. Qualitative Validation of Targets using Sphere Standards
Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
Core Standards
Core Standard 1: People-centred humanitarian response
People’s capacity and strategies to survive with dignity are integral to the design and approach of humanitarian response.
Project strategies are explicitly 
linked to community-based 
capacities and initiatives.
Based on the results of the FGDs, 
the Project s in touch with the 
local officials and the community 
members. Consultations were 
conducted prior to project 
implementation. 
Minimum standard was observed. 
Disaster-affected people conduct 
or actively participate in regular 
meetings on how to organise and 
implement the response (see 
Guidance notes 1–2).
Project records show that regular 
meetings were organized and 
conducted by stakeholders. 
Minimum standard was observed.
The number of self-help initiatives 
led by the affected community 
and local authorities increases 
during the response period (see 
Guidance note 1)
Based on the results of the FGDs 
and KIIs, the Project worked 
closely with the local officials and 
the affected communities. The 
activation of councils such as the 
DRRM councils and the BCPC are 
evidence of the presence of local 
initiatives. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Agencies have investigated and, 
as appropriate, acted upon 
complaints received about the 
assistance provided.
Based on FGD and KII results, 
grievance machinery is in place at 
the Barangay Local Government 
Units. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Core Standard 2: Coordination and collaboration
Humanitarian response is planned and implemented in coordination with the relevant authorities, humanitarian agencies and civil society 
organisations engaged in impartial humanitarian action, working together for maximum efficiency, coverage and effectiveness.
Assessment reports and 
information about programme 
Based on project records and as 
shown during the FGDs and KIIs, 
Minimum standard was observed.
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Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
plans and progress are regularly 
submitted to the relevant 
coordinating groups (see guidance 
note 4).
project representatives sit at the 
OCHA cluster meetings, the local 
council meetings, community 
meetings and others to give 
information about the project 
interventions. 
The humanitarian activities of 
other agencies in the same 
geographical or sectoral areas are 
not duplicated.
Based on project records and as 
shown during the FGS and KIIs, 
the Project representatives attend 
OCHA meetings to ensure that 
geographical or sectoral areas are 
not duplicated.
Minimum standard was observed.
Commitments made at 
coordination meetings are acted 
upon and reported in a timely 
manner.
Based separate focus group 
discussions with project staff, 
partners and stakeholders, 
agreements during OCHA 
meetings, partners meetings and 
stakeholders meetings are timely 
implemented. 
Minimum standard was observed.
The agency’s response takes 
account of the capacity and 
strategies of other humanitarian 
agencies, civil society
organisations and relevant 
authorities.
This was observed through the 
series of consultations at different 
levels. Plan staff attended cluster 
meetings. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Core Standard 3: Assessment
The priority needs of the disaster-affected population are identified through a systematic assessment of the context, risks to life with dignity and 
the capacity of the affected people and relevant authorities to respond.
Assessed needs have been 
explicitly linked to the capacity of 
affected people and the state to 
respond.
This was observed through the 
series of consultations at different 
levels.
Minimum standard was observed.
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Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
Rapid and in-depth assessment 
reports contain views that are 
representative of all affected 
people, including members of 
vulnerable groups and those of 
the surrounding population.
Based on project records, 
vulnerability assessments were 
conducted. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Assessment reports contain data 
disaggregated by, at the very 
least, sex and age.
Based on project records, sex and 
age disaggregation was observed. 
Minimum standard was observed.
In-depth assessment reports 
contain information and analysis 
of vulnerability, context and 
capacity.
Based on project records, 
vulnerability assessments were 
conducted.
Minimum standard was observed.
Where assessment formats have 
been agreed and widely 
supported, they have been used.
Based on project records, 
vulnerability assessments 
parameters were agreed among 
partners and stakeholders. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Rapid assessments have been 
followed by in-depth assessments 
of the populations selected for 
intervention.
Based on project records, series 
of in-depth assessments were 
conducted.
Minimum standard was observed.
Core Standard 4: Design and response
The humanitarian response meets the assessed needs of the disaster-affected population in relation to context, the risks faced and the capacity 
of the affected people and state to cope and recover.
Programme design is based on an 
analysis of the specific needs and 
risks faced by different groups of 
people.
Project design was based on 
actual situations on the ground. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Programme design addresses the 
gap between people’s needs and 
their own, or the state’s, capacity 
to meet them.
Project design was based on 
actual situations on the ground. 
Interventions were designed to 
address unmet needs. 
Minimum standard was observed.
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Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
Programme designs are revised to 
reflect changes in the context, 
risks and people’s needs and 
capacities. 
Project design was based on 
actual situations on the ground. 
Revisions and enhancements 
were made to meet the needs of 
the community. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Programme design includes 
actions to reduce people’s 
vulnerability to future hazards
and increase their capacity to 
manage and cope with them.
The project has a strong DRRM 
component. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Core Standard 5: Performance, transparency and learning
The performance of humanitarian agencies is continually examined and communicated to stakeholders; projects are adapted in response to 
performance.
Programmes are adapted in 
response to monitoring and 
learning information.
Project design was based on 
actual situations on the ground.
Minimum standard was observed.
Monitoring and evaluation 
sources include the views of a 
representative number of people 
targeted by the response, as well 
as the host community if 
different.
Project design was based on 
actual situations on the ground. 
Views of the community were 
considered in the monitoring and 
evaluation. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Accurate, updated, non￾confidential progress information 
is shared with the people targeted 
by the response and relevant local 
authorities and other 
humanitarian agencies on a 
regular basis. 
Based on the results of the FGDs 
and the KIIs, there is a good flow 
of non-confidential information 
from the project to the 
stakeholders. Transparency was 
observed in the selection process 
of beneficiaries and in the 
releasing of assistance. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Performance is regularly 
monitored in relation to all 
Based on project records and the 
results of the FGDs and KIIs, there 
Minimum standard was observed.
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Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
Sphere core and relevant 
technical minimum standards 
(and related global or agency 
performance standards), and the 
main results shared with key 
stakeholders (see guidance note 
9).
is regular monitoring and 
information dissemination. 
Agencies consistently conduct an 
objective evaluation or learning 
review of a major humanitarian 
response in accordance with 
recognised standards of 
evaluation practice (see guidance 
note 6).
Based on the results of the FGDs 
and KIIs, there is regular 
monitoring and information 
dissemination among partners 
and stakeholders at the project 
sites. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Core Standard 6: Aid worker performance
Humanitarian agencies provide appropriate management, supervisory and psychosocial support, enabling aid workers to have the knowledge, 
skills, behaviour and attitudes to plan and implement an effective humanitarian response with humanity and respect.
Staff and volunteers’ performance 
reviews indicate adequate 
competency levels in relation to 
their knowledge, skills, behaviour 
attitudes and the responsibilities 
described in their job 
descriptions.
Based on the data from the 
Human Resource Department of 
Plan, staff recruit followed certain 
protocols and staff qualifications 
were thoroughly evaluated. 
Project staff meets the 
competency requirements. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Aid workers who breach codes of 
conduct prohibiting corrupt and 
abusive behaviour are formally 
disciplined.
No incidents of breach were 
observed, thus, this is not 
applicable. 
Not applicable. 
The principles, or similar, of the 
People In Aid Code of Good 
Practice are reflected in the 
agency’s policy and practice.
Based on records and 
organizational codes, Plan has a 
strong code of good practice. 
Minimum standard was observed.
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Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
The incidence of aid workers’ 
illness, injury and stress-related 
health issues remain stable, or 
decrease over the course of the 
disaster response.
Based on FGD results, no 
incidents of serious illnesses due 
to stress or injuries were 
reported, thus, this indicator is 
not applicable. 
Not applicable. 
Shelter and settlement
Standard 1: Strategic planning
Shelter and settlement strategies contribute to the security, safety, health and well-being of both displaced and non-displaced affected 
populations and promote recovery and reconstruction where possible.
Shelter and settlement solutions 
to meet the essential needs of all 
the disaster-affected population 
are agreed with the population 
itself and relevant authorities in 
coordination with all responding 
agencies (see guidance note 1 
Assessment, consultation and 
coordination).
Based on FGD results, 
stakeholders were consulted prior 
to the construction of their 
homes. 
Minimum standard was observed.
All temporary shelter and 
settlement solutions are safe and 
adequate and will remain so until 
more durable solutions are 
achieved (see guidance notes 2-
10 re: 2. Opportunity to return to 
their usual abode when 
applicable, 3. Hosting by families 
and communities, 4. Temporary 
communal settlement, 5. Types of 
shelter assistance, 6. Transitional 
shelter, 7. Risk, vulnerability and 
hazard assessments, 8. Debris 
removal, 9. Schools, health 
Based on the FGD results, this 
indicator is fully satisfied. 
Minimum standard was observed.
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Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
facilities and community 
infrastructure, 10. Livelihood 
support).
Shelter and settlement standard 2: Settlement planning
The planning of return, host or temporary communal settlements enables the safe and secure use of accommodation and essential services by 
the affected population.
Through agreed planning 
processes, all shelter-assisted 
populations are consulted on and 
agree to the location of their 
shelter or covered area and 
access to essential services (see 
guidance note 1 Planning 
processes).
Based on the FGD results, 
consultations were conducted 
and the stakeholders were 
involved in the planning. 
Minimum standard was observed.
All settlement plans demonstrate 
that risks and vulnerabilities in the 
use of shelters, covered areas and 
essential services have been 
identified and mitigated (see 
guidance notes 2–9 re: 2. 
Housing, land and property 
ownership, rights and usage, 3. 
Essential services and facilities, 4. 
Access, 5. Site selection and 
drainage, 6. Site planning for 
temporary communal 
settlements, Surface area of 
temporary planned or self-settled 
camps, 7. Fire safety, 8. Vector 
risks).
Based on the FGD results and on 
the report of the Engineer that 
conducted the field validation, the 
settlement plans were sound. 
Project records show that land 
tenure were considered along 
with safety requirements. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Shelter and settlement standard 3: Covered living space
Page 24 of 70
Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
People have sufficient covered living space providing thermal comfort, fresh air and protection from the climate ensuring their privacy, safety 
and health and enabling essential household and livelihood activities to be undertaken.
All affected individuals have an 
initial minimum covered floor 
area of 3.5m2 per person (see 
guidance notes 1–2 re: 1. Climate 
and context (warmer climates 
higher ceiling, etc) 2. Duration 
(smaller floor area acceptable 
from short duration when other 
means are not available. For long￾term stay, 3.5m2 minimum 
should be followed.)
Based on engineering designs, the 
houses meet the requirements of 
3.5m2 per person. Bigger families 
were given the option to have 
two story houses. 
Minimum standard was observed.
All shelter solutions and materials 
meet agreed technical and 
performance standards and are 
culturally acceptable (see 
guidance notes 3–10 re: 3. 
Cultural practices, safety and 
privacy, 4. Household and 
livelihood activities, 5. Shelter 
solutions, materials and
construction, 6. Participatory 
design, 7. In warm, humid 
climates, 8. In hot, dry climates, 9. 
In cold climates, 10. Ventilation 
and vector control).
Based on engineering designs and 
upon verification by ADMS, Inc. 
engineer, the structures meet the 
technical and performance 
standards. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Shelter and settlement standard 4: Construction
Local safe building practices, materials, expertise and capacities are used where appropriate, maximising the involvement of the affected 
population and local livelihood opportunities.
All construction is in accordance Based on engineering designs and Minimum standard was observed.
Page 25 of 70
Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
with agreed safe building 
practices and standards (see 
guidance notes 2–7).
upon verification by ADMS, Inc. 
engineer, the structures meet the 
technical and performance 
standards.
Construction activities 
demonstrate the involvement of 
the affected population and the 
maximising of local livelihood 
opportunities (see guidance notes 
1–2, 8).
Based on records and actual 
observations, stakeholders acted 
as contractors for the 
construction of the houses. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Shelter and settlement standard 5: Environmental impact
Shelter and settlement solutions and the material sourcing and construction techniques used minimise adverse impact on the local natural 
environment.
The planning of all return, host or 
temporary communal settlements 
demonstrate that adverse impact 
on the natural environment has 
been minimised and/or mitigated 
(see guidance notes 1–6).
Based on records, mitigation 
measures were in place to 
minimize impact on the 
environment. 
Minimum standard was observed.
The construction processes and 
sourcing of materials for all 
shelter solutions demonstrate 
that adverse impact on the local 
natural environment has been 
minimised and/or mitigated (see 
guidance note 4).
Based on records, mitigation 
measures were in place to 
minimize impact on the 
environment. Construction 
materials were sourced with the 
approval of the Department of 
Environment and Natural 
Resources (DENR). 
Minimum standard was observed.
WASH standard 1: WASH programme design and implementation
WASH needs of the affected population are met and users are involved in the design, management and maintenance of the facilities where 
appropriate.
All groups within the population Based on records, stakeholders Minimum standard was observed.
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Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
have safe and equitable access to 
WASH resources and facilities, use 
the facilities provided and take 
action to reduce the public health 
risk (see Hygiene promotion 
standard 2).
now have access to WASH 
facilities. 
All WASH staff communicates 
clearly and respectfully with those 
affected and share project 
information openly with them, 
including knowing how to 
answer questions from 
community members about the 
project.
Based on the FGD results, all 
information campaigns done by 
the project were conducted in a 
respectful manner. 
Minimum standard was observed.
There is a system in place for the 
management and maintenance of 
facilities as appropriate, and 
different groups contribute 
equitably (see guidance note 1).
The project organized the 
Neighbourhood Improvement 
Teams. These teams ensure 
proper management and 
maintenance of the 
infrastructures. 
Minimum standard was observed.
All users are satisfied that the 
design and implementation of the 
WASH programme have led to 
increased security and restoration 
of dignity.
Based on the FGD results, all 
those interviewed said that they 
were satisfied. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Hygiene 
Hygiene promotion standard 1: Hygiene promotion implementation
Affected men, women and children of all ages are aware of key public health risks and are mobilised to adopt measures to prevent the 
deterioration in hygienic conditions and to use and maintain the facilities provided.
All user groups can describe and 
demonstrate what they have 
done to prevent the deterioration 
Based on the results of the FGDs 
and KIIs, stakeholders have more 
than adequate knowledge about 
Minimum standard was observed.
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Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
of hygiene conditions (see 
guidance note 1).
hygiene and sanitation. 
All facilities provided are 
appropriately used and regularly 
maintained.
Based on project records and 
actual field observations, the 
facilities are in good condition and 
are properly managed. 
Minimum standard was observed.
All people wash their hands after 
defecation, after cleaning a child’s 
bottom, before eating and 
preparing food (see guidance note 
6).
Based on project records and 
actual field observations, proper 
hand washing is being practiced 
by the target beneficiaries.
Minimum standard was observed.
All hygiene promotion activities 
and messages address key 
behaviours and misconceptions 
and are targeted at all user 
groups (see guidance note 6).
Based on project records and 
actual field observations, proper 
hand washing is being promoted 
through very clear messages. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Representatives from all user 
groups are involved in planning, 
training, implementation, 
monitoring and evaluation of the 
hygiene promotion work (see 
guidance notes 1–6 and Core 
standard 1, Guidance notes 1–5).
Based on the results of the FGDs 
and KIIs, user groups were 
properly represented during the 
planning, training, 
implementation, monitoring and 
evaluation of hygiene promotion 
work. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Care-takers of young children and 
infants are provided with the 
means for safe disposal of 
children’s faeces (see Excreta 
disposal standard 1 and guidance 
note 6).
Based on project records and 
actual field observations, 
children’s faeces are safely 
disposed through the toilets. 
Excreta management system is in 
place. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Hygiene promotion standard 2: Identification and use of hygiene items
The disaster-affected population has access to and is involved in identifying and promoting the use of hygiene items to ensure personal hygiene, 
health, dignity and well-being.
Page 28 of 70
Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
Women, men and children have 
access to hygiene items and these 
are used effectively to maintain 
health, dignity and well-being (see 
guidance notes 1, 7 and 9).
Based on the results of the FGD 
and KIIs, women, men and 
children have access to hygiene 
items and these are 
used effectively to maintain 
health, dignity and well-being.
Minimum standard was observed.
All women and girls of 
menstruating age are provided 
with appropriate materials for 
menstrual hygiene following 
consultation with the affected 
population (see guidance notes 5 
and 8).
Menstrual hygiene is covered by 
another project in the area. 
Not applicable. 
All women, men and children 
have access to information and 
training on the safe use of 
hygiene items that are unfamiliar 
to them (see guidance note 5).
Menstrual hygiene is covered by 
another project in the area.
Not applicable. 
Water Supply
Water supply standard 1: Access and water quantity
All people have safe and equitable access to a sufficient quantity of water for drinking, cooking and personal and domestic hygiene. Public water 
points are sufficiently close to households to enable use of the minimum water requirement.
Average water use for drinking, 
cooking and personal hygiene in 
any household is at least 15 litres 
per person per day (see guidance 
notes 1–7). 
Based on the results of the FGDs 
and on actual field observations, 
water supply in the area is 
adequate. Most of the people in 
the project site have access to 
more than 1 water source 
namely; through the district water 
system, well, water catchments 
and others. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Page 29 of 70
Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
The maximum distance from any 
household to the nearest water 
point is 500 metres (see guidance 
notes 1, 2, 5 and 6). 
Based on public records validated 
through field observations, most 
of the residents at the project site 
already have level 3 water 
connections which bring water 
directly into the homes. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Queuing time at a water source is 
no more than 30 minutes (see 
guidance note 6).
Not applicable. Not applicable. 
Water supply standard 2: Water quality
Water is palatable and of sufficient quality to be drunk and used for cooking and personal and domestic hygiene without causing risk to health.
There are no faecal coliforms per 
100ml of water at the point of 
delivery (see guidance note 2). 
Residents use tap water from the 
local water district. Water quality 
monitoring is being observed by 
the water service provider.
Minimum standard was observed.
Any household-level water 
treatment options used are 
effective in improving 
microbiological water quality and 
are accompanied by appropriate 
training, promotion and 
monitoring (see guidance notes 
3–6).
Not applicable. Not applicable. 
There is no outbreak of water￾borne or water-related diseases 
(see guidance notes1–9).
Based on the records of the City 
Health Center, there was no 
water related outbreak in 
Barangay 62 and 62A. This was 
confirmed by the residents during 
the FGDs and KIIs. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Water supply standard 3: Water facilities
People have adequate facilities to collect, store and use sufficient quantities of water for drinking, cooking and personal hygiene, and to ensure 
that drinking water remains safe until it is consumed.
Page 30 of 70
Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
Each household has at least two 
clean water collecting containers 
of 10–20 litres, one for storage 
and one for transportation (see 
guidance note 1 and Hygiene 
promotion standard 2, guidance 
note 1).
Beneficiaries were given adequate 
clean water collecting containers. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Water at household level is free 
from contamination at all times 
(see guidance note 1).
Beneficiaries get their drinking 
water from the local water 
district. 
Minimum standard was observed.
All people are satisfied with the 
adequate facilities they have for 
water collection, storage, bathing, 
hand washing and laundry (see 
guidance note 2).
Regular maintenance of the 
installed systems and facilities is 
ensured and users are involved in 
this where possible (see guidance 
note 3).
Based on the results of the FGDs 
and the KIIs, the beneficiaries are 
satisfied were their water 
facilities. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Excreta disposal
Excreta disposal standard 1: Environment free from human faeces
The living environment in general and specifically the habitat, food production areas, public centres and surroundings of drinking water sources 
are free from human faecal contamination.
The environment in which the 
affected population lives is free 
from human faeces (see guidance 
notes 1–2).
During the field observation, no 
human faeces were observed in 
the project sites. 
Minimum standard was observed.
All excreta containment 
measures, i.e. trench latrines, pit 
latrines and soak-away pits, are at 
least 30 metres away from any 
The engineering designs of the 
latrines adequately meet this 
standard. 
Minimum standard was observed.
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Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
groundwater source. The bottom 
of any latrine or soak-away pit is 
at least 1.5 metres above the 
water table (see guidance note 3).
In flood or high water table 
situations, appropriate measures 
are taken to tackle the problem of 
faecal contamination of 
groundwater sources (see 
guidance note 3).
The engineering designs of the 
latrines adequate meet this 
standard.
Minimum standard was observed.
Drainage or spillage from 
defecation systems does not 
contaminate surface water or 
shallow groundwater sources (see 
guidance note 3).
The engineering designs of the 
latrines adequate meet this 
standard.
Minimum standard was observed.
Toilets are used in the most 
hygienic way possible and 
children’s faeces are disposed of 
immediately and hygienically (see 
guidance note 4).
Based on the results of the FGDs 
and KIIs at the community, the 
proper toilet use is being 
observed. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Vector control
Vector control standard 1: Individual and family protection
All disaster-affected people have the knowledge and the means to protect themselves from disease and nuisance vectors that are likely to cause 
a significant risk to health or well-being.
All populations have access to 
shelters that do not harbour or 
encourage the growth of vector 
populations and are protected by 
appropriate vector 
control measures (see guidance 
notes 3–5).
Based on actual observation, 
canals in the area are flowing and 
most are properly covered which 
discourage the growth of vectors. 
Minimum standard was observed.
All populations at risk from Based on observation, some of Minimum standard was observed.
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Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
vector-borne disease understand 
the modes of transmission and 
take action to protect themselves 
(see guidance notes 1–5).
the homeowners installed screens 
to keep mosquitoes out. Based on 
the results of the FGDs and KIIs at 
the community, most of the 
residents use mosquito nets to 
prevent mosquito bites. 
All people supplied with 
insecticide-treated mosquito nets 
use them effectively (see 
guidance note 3).
Not applicable. The beneficiaries 
themselves are buying their own 
nets. 
Not applicable. 
All food stored at the household 
level is protected from 
contamination by vectors such as 
flies, insects and rodents (see 
guidance note 4).
During the FGDs and KIIs, the 
beneficiaries said that they 
observe proper food storing at 
home. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Vector control standard 2: Physical, environmental and chemical protection measures
The environment where the disaster-affected people are placed does not expose them to disease-causing and nuisance vectors, and those 
vectors are kept to a reduced level where possible.
The population density of 
mosquitoes is kept low to avoid 
the risk of excessive transmission 
levels and infection (see guidance 
note 4).
During the FGDs and KIIs, the 
beneficiaries said that the local 
government unit provides 
adequate information on how to 
control the mosquito population.
Minimum standard was observed.
Fewer people are affected by 
vector-related health problems 
(see guidance notes 1–5).
Records from the local 
government unit show that there 
is minimal case of mosquito borne 
diseases in the project site. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Solid waste management
All households have access to 
refuse containers which are 
emptied twice a week at 
minimum and are no more than 
Household wastes are being 
collected by government garbage 
trucks everyday. 
Minimum standard was observed.
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Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
100 metres from a communal 
refuse pit (see guidance note 3).
All waste generated by 
populations living in settlements 
is removed from the immediate 
living environment on a daily 
basis, and from the settlement 
environment a minimum of twice 
a week (see guidance notes 1–3).
Household wastes are being 
collected by government garbage 
trucks everyday.
Minimum standard was observed.
There is timely and controlled 
safe disposal of solid waste with a 
consequent minimum risk of solid 
waste pollution to the 
environment (see guidance notes 
4–6).
Household wastes are being 
collected by government garbage 
trucks everyday.
Minimum standard was observed.
Protection
Protection Principle 1: Avoid exposing people to further harm as a result of your actions
Those involved in humanitarian response take steps to avoid or minimise any adverse effect of their intervention, in particular the risk of 
exposing people to increased danger or abuse of their rights.
The form of humanitarian 
assistance and the environment in 
which it is provided do not further 
expose people to physical 
hazards, violence or other rights 
abuse.
There was no evidence 
whatsoever that the humanitarian 
assistance exposed the people in 
anyway to physical hazards, 
violence and other rights abuses. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Assistance and protection efforts 
do not undermine the affected 
population’s capacity for self￾protection.
There was no evidence 
whatsoever that the assistance 
and protection efforts 
undermined the affected 
population’s capacity for self￾protection. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Protection Principle 2: Ensure people’s access to impartial assistance – in proportion to need and without discrimination
Page 34 of 70
Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
People can access humanitarian assistance according to need and without adverse discrimination. Assistance is not withheld from people in 
need, and access for humanitarian agencies is provided as necessary to meet the Sphere standards.
Ensure access for all parts of the 
affected population to
humanitarian assistance.
All beneficiaries were given equal 
access to humanitarian 
assistance. A vulnerability criteria 
was formulated with the active 
participation of the affected 
population, including women, 
children and PWDs, which was 
utilized in the prioritization of 
beneficiaries.
Minimum standard was observed.
Protection Principle 3: Protect people from physical and psychological harm arising from violence and coercion
People are protected from violence, from being forced or induced to act against their will and from fear of such abuse.
Take all reasonable steps to 
ensure that the affected 
population is not subjected to 
violent attack, either by dealing 
with the source of the threat or 
by helping people to avoid the 
threat.
The project trained GBV 
advocates and installed solar 
lighting systems around the 
community to help ensure safety 
of the people, particularly 
children and women, during the 
night. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Support the affected population’s 
own efforts to stay safe, find
security and restore dignity, 
including community self-help 
mechanisms.
The project supported the 
organization and activation of the 
Barangay Council for the 
Protection of Childrenin the 2 
target barangays. 
Minimum standard was observed.
Protection Principle 4: Assist people to claim their rights, access available remedies and recover from the effects of abuse
The affected population is helped to claim their rights through information, documentation and assistance in seeking remedies. People are 
supported appropriately in recovering from the physical, psychological and social effects of violence and other abuses.
Support affected people to assert 
their rights and to access 
remedies from government or 
other sources and provide them 
The project trained GBV 
advocates in the community to 
support people, particularly 
women, in asserting their rights 
Minimum standard was observed.
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Minimum Standards SPHERE Key Indicator Field Observations Remarks
with information on their 
entitlements and available 
remedies.
against violence. 
Assist affected people in securing 
the documentation they need to 
demonstrate their entitlements.
The project trained GBV 
advocates in the community to 
support people, particularly 
women, in asserting their rights 
against violence.
Minimum standard was observed.
Assist affected people to recover 
by providing community-based 
and other psychosocial support.
The project trained GBV 
advocates in the community to 
support people in asserting their 
rights against violence. 
Psychosocial support was also 
provided to the community. 
Minimum standard was observed.
VII. Evaluation Using CCCD Standards
On the Child Centered Community Development (CCCD) Approach of Plan International
Note: The guide questions were formulated based on the CCCD elements and levels of Plan 
International. The responses were taken from interview respondents and FGD participants who include 
the City Social Work and Development Office, Sagkahan Elementary School Principal, and community 
stakeholders including children, students and women.
1. How did Plan discuss with children and community groups the issues that local children face, and 
the reasons behind them and the rights all children have?
Plan International staff gathered information and data from the barangay officials on the programs 
related to child protection, as well as cases related to violence against women and children (VAWC). The 
staff then coordinated with the officials regarding the conduct of community awareness sessions, 
lectures and seminars at the barangay level. The activities were participated in by the barangay officials, 
parents, school teachers, and selected individuals from the community who were willing to volunteer as 
members of the Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) and would like to develop their 
capability to share information about, and take part in the activities of, the BCPC.
At the school level, the Plan staff conducted series of needs assessment, especially on the school 
facilities affected by Typhoon Yolanda. The staff invited the teachers to a series of meeting-discussions 
that include programs to protect the children, including activities that would enhance the teachers’ 
capability to handle cases involving violations of the rights of the child.
2. How did Plan discuss with girls, boys, women, and men who cannot realized specific rights, and 
why not, and the effects this has on children’s lives? 
The Plan staff conducted a series of community assemblies focusing on gender issues covering various 
age groups, including the associations or groups of women, men, youth and children. Everyone was 
involved in the assemblies.
As the school level, the Plan intervention included awareness campaigns that enhanced the capacity of 
the teachers to reach out to the parents and inform them about the rights of the child and how they 
could protect or promote such rights. The assistance from Plan reinforced their role as counselors that 
they perform in partnership with the social welfare and development office. As such, the teacher calls 
the attention of the concerned parents to discuss and iron out issues and concerns affecting the 
children.
At the community level, the project engaged male and female children as Junior Promoters, who serve 
as champions in promoting the rights of the child. The Junior Promoters conducted awareness raising 
activities at the purok level. The mothers who were interviewed said that they were aware of the 
involvement of their children and supported them in their role. The children who were interviewed also 
Page 37 of 70
said that they helped in the wall-art painting that shows drawings on the rights of the child, proper 
hygiene and sanitation, and positive discipline. 
3. How did Plan discuss activities and approaches with civil society organizations?
Plan engaged various local civil society organizations, such as the Alternative Channel Coordinating 
Emergency Support Services 5 Association, Inc. (ACCESS 5), Tacloban Rescue Unit (TACRU), Tacloban 
DELTA Volunteer Fire Rescue, Inc., Youth Associations, and TOMECO, together with the relevant 
government agencies, in the conduct of simulation exercises in the barangays. Through the Community 
Emergency Response Team (CERT), Plan supported multiple simulated disaster scenarios drill, in 
collaboration with the youth organizations. Through the Junior Promoters, the children taught their 
peers the rights of the child, proper hand washing, etc. Through the Neighborhood Improvement Team 
(NIT), Plan supported seminars, information drive, and group sessions to raise awareness on issues 
related to shelter, WASH and DRR with the guidance of the CDFs. Plan also trained the Homeowners 
Association (HOA) on their rights and responsibilities, including financial management.
4. How did Plan discuss its work with local and national governments? 
Plan coordinated with various government agencies and the city and the barangay LGUs to implement 
its program covering the four components, namely, protection, emergency/transitional shelter and 
settlements assistance, WASH and disaster risk reduction. The partner government institutions include 
TESDA, DepEd, Bureau of Fire Protection, OCD, PNP, DILG, PoPCom, DOH, CHO, City Engineering Office, 
City Housing Office, Eastern Visayas State University (EVSU) etc.
In particular, the Plan staff coordinated with the City Social Work and Development Office (CSWDO) 
regarding Plan’s programs and activities. Plan invited the CSWDO as observer during the conduct of such 
programs and activities. Plan also coordinated with the City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management 
Office (CDRRMO) regarding the lined up activities related to DRR. This was followed by a planning 
session that identified the agencies that will be trained on DRRM. It was clear to the CDRRMO that it will 
facilitate the activation of the BDRRMC and to help Plan in the conduct of the training programs and 
seminars.
At the barangay LGU level, Plan gave a general orientation in Barangays 62 and 62-A to present the 
scope of its intervention, including the rental options. This was followed by a series of consultative 
dialogues to present and discuss the selection process, criteria and actual scoring of prospective 
beneficiaries. A technical assessment of the existing houses was also completed. While in the process of 
completing the selection of the beneficiaries, Plan initiated to formalize the partnership with the LGUs 
through a Memorandum of Understanding between Plan and the City Government of Tacloban and 
Barangays 62 and 62A. Some of the concrete partnership outcomes of Plan and the LGUs include the 
selection of the beneficiaries using a participatory approach, development of community hazard maps 
through a participatory process of discussion with the community members in terms of the hazards, 
Page 38 of 70
risks, elements at risk and risk treatment options, engagement of the Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction 
Management Council (BDRRMC) in preparing the local disaster risk reduction and management plan, in 
collaboration with the Office of Civil Defense, CDRRMO and DepEd, as well as the engagement of the 
Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) regarding issues on child protection and gender.
5. How did Plan discuss its work with children, community members and partners, and tell them 
how to contact the staff? 
The Plan staff established the referral system for violence against women and children, as well as child 
protection. Through this system, the stakeholders have access to the list of agencies that are involved in 
the referral of cases that come from the communities. The members of the BCPC were also trained and 
provided information on the contact details of the concerned agencies. They were also oriented on the 
need to contact immediately the concerned agencies if there are cases emanating from the barangays.
In addition, the community used the Accountability to Affected Population (AAP) strategy on 
feedbacking. The AAP strategy includes the use of hotline number, putting up of suggestion/feedback 
boxes and face-to-face feedbacking with Plan, NIT and other partners. Plan posted the hotline numbers 
in the communities. Plan has also put up a centralized computer to receive feedback from all 
communities covered by Plan. This also caters to abuse reports. 
6. How did Plan work together with children’s groups and community groups to design, implement 
and learn from activities that benefit children?
Through the regular community assemblies, consultation meetings and group sessions, the Plan staff 
was able to work together with the concerned groups. Through the Junior Hygiene Promoters for 
instance, Plan was able to engage the children and ask them about their suggested or recommended 
activities that would benefit them and their community. The interviewed children suggested the colors 
of their houses, establishment of children’s play ground and other child-friendly spaces for their 
respective puroks. This was done through an interactive play, drawing and writing workshop on the 
color combination to be painted in total rebuild shelters and walls, as well as facilitating the process by 
which children could express their thoughts on the safety and protection of children.
7. How did Plan work together with girls, boys, women and men to tackle specific forms of exclusion 
and gender inequality, and to monitor who does and who does not benefit from Plan’s 
programmes?
For the shelter and settlements component, Plan developed the criteria to select the household 
beneficiaries, namely, residency, land ownership, participation and involvement in community activities, 
and extent of damage caused by Typhoon Yolanda. As soon as the beneficiaries have been selected, 
they were subjected to a vulnerability scoring, covering such categories as household income, household 
composition, and vulnerability groups that include the pregnant, lactating mother, PWDs/CWDs, people 
with chronic illness, elderly people, single parent, child headed and malnourished children. The selection 
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process was done by the purok leaders, representative of the children’s association, church leader, 
academe, people’s organization, barangay health worker, barangay nutrition scholar, day care worker, 
elderly/senior citizen, women’s group and youth organization, including Plan’s Community Development 
Facilitators. The barangay council supervised the conduct of the selection process. Plan also partnered 
with TESDA and the barangay LGU in training carpenters and plumbers who were hired as contractors 
and workers in the repair and construction of houses.
In terms of the other components, namely, WASH, protection of children and risk management, Plan 
engaged the various stakeholders including girls, boys, women, men, PWDs, senior citizens in all 
activities, such as the CERT, Neighborhood Improvement Team (NIT), Junior Promoters, 
Homeowners’Association (HOA), etc. 
8. How did Plan work together with civil society organisations to design, implement and learn from 
activities that benefit children?
Plan worked with the Alternative Channel Coordinating Emergency Support Services 5 Association, Inc. 
(ACCESS 5), Tacloban Rescue Unit (TACRU), Tacloban DELTA Volunteer Fire Rescue, Inc. and TOMECO, 
together with the relevant government agencies, in the conduct of simulation exercises in the 
barangays. Through the CERT, Plan also strengthened the capacity of the barangays in disaster response 
through the multiple simulated disaster scenarios drills. Through the Junior Promoters, the children in 
the barangays are given the opportunity to actively take part in facilitating awareness-raising sessions 
with their peers. The adult counterparts of the Neighborhood Improvement Team (NIT) provided 
guidance to the Junior Promoters. The NIT also conducted awareness-raising concerns on shelter, WASH
and DRR with the guidance of the CDFs. Through the Homeowners’ Association (HOA), Plan developed 
values that promote cooperation, bayanihan, self-help, volunteerism and savings, among others.
9. How did Plan work together with government to provide services for children and listen to 
children’s and communities’ views? 
Plan coordinated with various government agencies or departments at the city LGU level to implement 
its program covering the four components, namely, protection, emergency/transitional shelter
assistance, WASH and risk management. The partner government institutions include TESDA for the 
training of the carpenters and plumbers, DepEd and DILG for the training on the BCPC structure, roles 
and responsibilities of teachers and parents, Bureau of Fire Protection for the simulations and drills by 
students on fire safety measures, as well as with the CDRRMO, OCD, PNP, etc. on simulation drills, 
among others. The other partner agencies include the DILG, PoPCom, DOH, CHO, City Engineering 
Office, City Housing Office, etc. The Plan staff also coordinated with the CSWDO regarding the conduct 
of activities in the barangays, such as setting up the referral system for violence against women and 
children, child protection, activation of the BCPCs at the barangay level, etc.
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10. How did Plan work together with children, community members and partners to set Plan’s 
priorities and design our activities?
The Plan staff conducted a series of community and group meetings with children and women at the 
barangay level. The staff also involved the children, women and the youth in the planning of related 
programs and activities. In addition, the Plan staff helped established the child-friendly spaces. The staff 
also conducted programs and activities for children, such as the sit, duck and cover earthquake drill, 
hand washing, interactive play, drawing and writing workshop, facilitating children in expressing their 
thoughts on the safety and protection of children, etc. 
11. How did Plan support children’s groups and community groups to design, implement and learn 
from their own activities, including analyzing who has the power to make changes? 
During the conduct of awareness programs and activities, including group and community meetings, the 
Plan staff encouraged the stakeholders to share ideas or opinions and identify the needs of their 
respective communities. The stakeholders were also involved in prioritizing their needs. The other 
modes in engaging the children and community groups are through FGDs, buzz sessions, feedbacking 
session, coaching and mentoring, values formation.
Plan also invited existing groups or associations in the barangays to take part in training programs, such 
as on CERT, solid waste management, hygiene, sanitation, etc. The participants became the advocates in 
the community on what they have learned. The junior promoters, for instance, are the ones who teach 
the children in various puroks about proper hand washing and other appropriate/good hygiene
practices. Some of those who were trained on CERT are now working at the purok level. The other 
participants are members of the BDRRMC, BCPC, etc.
12. How did Plan support groups of excluded girls, boys, women and men to take their own actions to 
access more services, be protected from harm, and make their voices heard?
Plan invited girls, boys, women, men and people with disabilities to participate in training programs, 
such as on protection, hygiene promotion, proper washing of hands, sanitation practices, waste 
management, disaster risk reduction and preparedness, etc. The participants of the training program 
become the trainers or advocates in their respective communities. This is validated by key informants 
who were junior promoters, or members of CERT and NIT, among others. 
13. How did Plan develop long term partnerships with civil society organizations working on children’s 
rights, including strengthening each other’s capacity?
Plan partnered with the DILG, PopCom, CDRRMO, local parish, etc. to provide services other than 
protection, such as emergency/transitional shelter assistance to their families, direct hygiene 
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promotion, proper washing of hands, storing water safely in clean containers, completed and cleaned 
household latrines, hand washing facilities, septic systems, water points, disaster risk reduction and 
preparedness, etc. Plan also consulted the stakeholders, including children.
On protection, the CSWDO said that although there is no existing agreement for partnership between 
the CSWDO and Plan, the city LGU has ordinances related to the implementation of child protection and 
VAWC. The CSWDO also mentioned that the referral pathway or system was already installed even prior 
to Typhoon Yolanda, but Plan helped in activating it in the two barangays. 
14. How did Plan influence government to change policies and practices and dedicate resources so 
that many more children realize their rights?
Plan provided technical inputs to the barangays in formulating the Annual Investment Plans of barangay 
LGUs, including programs on gender and development, child protection, disaster risk reduction, etc.
15. How did Plan support children, young people community members and partners to regularly 
review our activities, budgets and results and to suggest improvements?
The stakeholders said that they were not yet involved in budget reviews and allocation of budgets. They 
assumed that this was done in partnership with the barangay officials and with the members of the 
BCPC. According to the CSWDO, the budget of agencies is primarily the concern of the respective 
agencies.
16. How did Plan provide long term support to children’s groups and community groups to 
collaborate with others in order to influence authorities to make major changes? 
Same response as number 14 at the community level. But at the school level, the principal said that Plan 
gave them some ideas and strategies to handle cases on child protection and disaster preparedness.
17. How did Plan provide long term support to civil society organisations and government to tackle 
the root causes of exclusion and gender inequality (e.g. by changing laws or social practices)?
According to the City Social Welfare and Development Office (CSWDO), the city government already had
ordinances on child protection and VAWC cases and that the city’s referral system was in placed before 
the disaster. However, Plan was instrumental in activating the system in Barangays 62 and 62A.
Influences government to change policies and practices and dedicate
18. How did Plan become recognized as a legitimate and influential member of national civil society, 
working with others to help many more children realise their rights?
The CSWDO highlighted the activation of the Barangay Child Protection Center (BCPC) and the 
corresponding capacity building for the BCPC as a long-term and sustainable contribution of Plan. On the 
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part of the homeowners associations that Plan organized, they recognized Plan’s help in promoting 
bayanihan among the residents, including the maintenance of sanitation in their surroundings and the 
conduct of fire, earthquake, tsunami drills and typhoon drills. On the part of the workers who were 
trained and hired, they recognized the contribution of Plan in showing that men and women can 
perform the same functions with the same quality of outputs.
19. How did Plan influence government to be more transparent and regularly adapt what they do in 
response to input from children and civil society?
According to the CSWDO, Plan demonstrated to Barangays 62 and 62A the process of encouraging the 
residents to voice out their ideas, opinions and suggestions, including how to prioritize their needs. Plan 
also engaged the existing existing groups or associations in the barangays in various training programs
20. How did Plan regularly adapt its work in response to input from children, community members 
and partners?
In the repair of damaged houses and the construction of new ones, Plan considered the size of the lots 
where the houses are located and the number of occupants of the houses instead of strictly following 
the original single design. Plan also responded positively to the suggestions of the community members, 
especially the children, such as on child-friendly spaces, basketball court and children playground.
VIII. Structural Evaluation Results
Ocular inspection on the completed and on-going construction of 2-storey transitional shelters for was 
conducted by Engr. Edwin O. Fuentes, a design and construction engineer, last June 27, 2015. Below are 
the findings and recommendations:
Structure evaluated 
Shelter Dimension (duplex)
Shelter 1 Shelter 2
Width 3.6m 2.4m
Length 4.8m 7.3m 
Floor to Floor height 
Ground floor to second floor – 2.40 meters
Second Floor top of girth – 2.2 meters
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Shelter composition/specifications:
Reinforced concrete continuous footing (0.40x0.40 meters)
Wooden shelter framing on 2-2”x4” belt-up post
Slab on-grade (S.O.G.) flooring, ground floor
1/2” Marine Plywood Flooring, second floor 
1/2” Marine Plywood Flooring, wall sidings
Gabled roof with corrugated G.I. sheet
Findings and observations:
The construction followed the standards and techniques upon during the cluster meetings spearheaded 
by OCHA and the DSWD. (Please structural design attached as Annex E). Based on the ocular inspection 
and evaluation of the structure of the transitional shelters, it can be concluded that these structures are 
safe for dwelling. However, Plan may want to consider further improvements of the structures in its 
future shelter construction projects. 
Below are some recommendations that will further strengthen the structures:
1. Place post strap at the center of the continuous footing and attach the said strap to the 
reinforcements of the footing for better and proper anchorage. 
2. Use at least 12mm dia. RSB for the main reinforcement of the continuous footing. Ties or 
stirrups must be at least 10mm dia. RSB spaced at 0.20mm O.C. 
3. Provide sufficient nails on built-up posts. 
4. Provide splice block at every girt joint. 
5. Provide additional cleat straps at every rafter-girt connections. 
6. Provide additional dap on stair stringer for a more stable and firm connection between stair 
steps and stringer. 
7. 1” width and 0.4mm thick G.I. strap must be used for purlins-top chord/rafter connections.
8. Provide additional G.I. strap on top of every truss-rafter connections.
9. Provide collar plates on every truss to avoid displacement or detachment of members due to 
uplift force and wind pressure.
10. Provide 2” folded G.I. gutter straps spaced at 0.50mm O.C. (minimum). 
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11. Adapt 30 degrees to 40 degrees of truss slope to minimize uplift wind pressure to the roofing 
system. 
IX. Institutional Assessment Results
The institutional assessment was conducted through Focused Group Discussions (FGDs) and Key 
Informant Interviews (KIIs). Respondents were the women’s group, men’s group, children, barangay 
officials, homeowners’ association, vulnerable groups (elderly and people with disabilities). Below are 
the results of the institutional assessment. 
How did the project consider different needs in this intervention?
Originally, there was only one design for the total rebuild shelter component of the intervention, but
Plan International looked for ways to respond to the specific and customize demands or requests from 
the different stakeholders. The considerations to customize the assistance, both for repair of damaged 
houses and the construction of new ones, include the size of the lots where the houses are located and 
the number of occupants of the houses, among others. This approach was validated during the 
discussion with the different stakeholders. One beneficiary said he requested that his house be made 
one storey only since he has two children who would have difficulty going upstairs if his house will have 
two stories. According to him, the initial validation of the Plan engineers required two stories. Plan 
approved the request.
Another stakeholder said that a one-story house was increased in size since the household has more 
occupants. This was made possible because the lot area of the beneficiary was enough to accommodate 
the minimal expansion. The beneficiary also had extra materials that were used in the construction of 
the house.
The other beneficiaries mentioned the openness of Plan to provide a room for children, especially for 
the young female teenagers. The girl who was part of the focus group discussion validated this. She said 
that there was no room in their old house. However, the house that Plan built provided a room for her 
and her sister. This made her feel comfortable than before.
To what extent did the community participate, especially among women, men and children in the 
implementation of the project?
The community was involved in a number of ways. First, Plan trained the willing community members 
on carpentry and plumbing. These trainees were eventually certified by the Technical Education and 
Skills Development Authority (TESDA). They were involved in the repair and the construction of houses. 
A total of 140 residents, seven of them women, coming from Barangays 62 and 62-A were trained for 
about 15 days. During the training, they received a daily allowance of about P260 per day. They 
eventually became the laborers. Some of them became the contractors. Each contractor has about three 
to five workers under him or her. Some of the laborers and plumbers were women.
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The laborers were given a package rate of about PhP22-25 thousand per house, depending on the 
design specifications. According to the laborers, the construction timeline is about 12 days or less, 
depending on the availability of the materials.
Second, on the part of the women stakeholders, many of them are involved in the Neighborhood 
Improvement Team (NIT) through which they help in maintaining sanitation in the community, 
promoting backyard gardening, and in other bayanihan activities. They also guided their children who 
are involved as Junior Hygiene Promoters.
According to the women stakeholders, they noticed that the residents have become more active and 
demanding from the local government unit (LGU) officials. During the interview, it was noticeable that 
more people enter the barangay hall. This observation was confirmed by the stakeholders.
Third, the men stakeholders were engaged not just as labourers and contractors, but also as part of the 
Community Emergency Response Team (CERT), which includes the women, youth, senior citizens, and 
persons with disabilities (PWDs). As part of the CERT, they were trained on incident command system 
(ICS), cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), early warning system (EWS), monitoring of typhoons, water 
search and rescue (WASAR), evacuation protocol, sanitation, etc. They have expressed their confidence
in what they have learned during the FGD and volunteered to share what they have learned to other 
barangays if they were given such an opportunity. They said that some of the CERT members are already 
deployed at the purok level, performing their duties as if it is an on-the-job training.
Fourth, Plan also engaged the children as junior promoters through which they share knowledge on the 
four components of the intervention, including proper hand washing, promoting the rights of the child, 
disaster risk reduction, early warning system, etc. The interviewed children confirmed that they were 
involved by Plan in the process of decision making, as well as in the various activities under the four 
components of the intervention. The examples cited by the children include the following: 
• They were asked to decide on the color of the paint for their houses.
• They were involved in the painting of the walls and in coming up with the illustrations, such as 
proper hand washing, the rights of the child, etc.
• They were asked about their suggestions to improve their communities, such as child-friendly 
spaces, basketball court and children playground.
What linkages are created to maximize preparedness for future disasters? 
The establishment of the CERT provided an opportunity for Plan to get the involvement of the local 
residents who come from the different sectors. Through the barangay LGUs and the different puroks, 
Plan was able to develop the institutional capacity of the local partners in such areas as early warning 
system, preparedness in case a hazard occurs, solid waste management, proper drainage and sanitation, 
including the conduct of regular drills. 
What are the formal and informal mechanisms for these linkages? 
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Plan has entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with the city and barangay local government 
units regarding the scope of the assistance and the expected roles of the partners. Plan is also actively 
involved in the WASH, risk management, protection and shelter clusters and meetings with the other 
humanitarian organizations that are present in the area city LGU, United Nations and the national 
agencies. The council was also involved and informed about the various issues, topics and activities 
discussed during such meetings, e.g., the evacuation ID system if the CDRRMO.
Plan has involved the community in the Neighborhood Improvement Team (NIT), which gave an 
opportunity to the residents to take part in water search and rescue.
How are these mechanisms integrated in permanent structures of government and other sectors?
On the various local policies needed to sustain the four components of the intervention, Plan was able 
to assist the barangay LGUs in their local development plans, such as the disaster risk reduction and 
management plan and barangay solid waste management plan, among others. Plan was also able to link 
the other homeowners to become beneficiaries of the Community Mortgage Program of the city LGU.
What is the extent of your coordination and engagement with humanitarian actors at the local and 
national levels?
Plan actively participated in the WASH, risk management, protection and shelter clusters of the 
humanitarian agencies. It also entered into partnership agreements with the city and barangay LGUs, 
including the different barangay-based associations.
In terms of the use of timber for the construction and repair of houses, Plan coordinated with the 
Community/City Environment and Natural Resources Offices (CENRO) to determine the type of lumber 
that will be allowed in the area. According to the CENRO staff, the allowed timber is from Gmelina and 
Mahogany trees. Given this requirement, Plan included in its bidding requirement a certification from 
the supplier of timber that the materials come only from tree plantations.
In the area of disaster risk reduction (DRR), Plan coordinated with the City Disaster Risk Reduction and 
Management Office (CDRRMO) regarding the DRR- related activities lined up by Plan under its 
intervention. This was followed by a planning session wherein Plan and the CDRRMO identified agencies 
that will be the target participants of a disaster risk reduction and management capacity enhancement 
program. On the part of the CDRRMO, Plan requested the officer to discuss and facilitate the session on 
the activation of the Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (BDRRMC), an 
institutional mechanism per barangay that is mandated under the DRRM Law.
In relation to the training on DRR, Plan provided the baseline data on the DRR situation in the barangays. 
According to the CDRRMO, the barangays had no appropriate risk reduction activities. After the Plan 
intervention, the barangays have formulated their respective disaster response plan that includes the 
EWS, preparedness, and other risk mitigation activities.
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In the DRR intervention of Plan, the CDRRMO supported the conduct of the training programs and 
seminars to enhance the capacity of the barangays in disaster response. The CDRRMO confirmed the 
training of volunteers in water search and rescue training (WASAR), as well as the conduct of community 
assembly and consultations with the residents. Although there is no Memorandum of Agreement 
between Plan and CDRRMO, the CDRRMO felt that it was not needed since the activities of Plan on DRR 
can be easily assimilated by the unit. The CDRRMO was also mentioned that Plan hired a DRR specialist 
to handle the DRR-related activities. It also affirmed Plan for inviting the Response for Emergency and 
Disasters – Technical Assistance Group (REDTAG), an expert response unit from Bicol to train the CERT 
members on disaster preparedness drills and on emergency response. This activity was coordinated by 
Plan with the CDRRMO and coursed through the BDRRMCs. 
On the part of the CDRRMO, the identified activities for sustainability include the following: 
• Certification training program for those who were trained on emergency response and disaster 
preparedness drills.
• Assistance to the BDRMCs in enhancing or implementing their disaster response plans, 
especially on risk reduction and contingency planning for typhoons and related hazards.
• Complete the conduct of disaster preparedness drills at the community level with the 
participation of the local residents, schools, men’s organization, women’s groups, the youth and 
the children.
• Strengthen the EWS so that the residents readily identify the evacuation center, interpret the 
warning signs, and active join in the DRR-related activities in the area.
• Enhance individual capacity to prevent accidents and any untoward incidents during disasters.
Plan also coordinated with the City Social Work and Development Office (CSWDO), which was invited as 
observer during the conduct of Plan’s activities. However, the key informant from the CSDWO said that 
the role of the CSWDO is not clear since there was no partnership agreement between Plan and CSWDO.
What are the costs of implementing an emergency assistance project?
Although there is no data that can be used to compare the cost of Plan per component, it is instructive 
to point out that under the shelter component, the cost for repair and construction of new houses is 
higher compared to that of another humanitarian organization due to the difference in the use of 
construction materials, and most especially, it also included WASH facilities, such as toilet, handwashing 
area and kitchen. It also has one bedroom. Plan used stronger construction materials based on superior 
design specifications. For a new house, depending on the design, the cost ranges from PHP120,000 to 
PHP145,000, inclusive of the labor cost. Accordingly, another shelter project has a budget of about 
PHP40,000 or less. The higher cost of shelter under the Plan program is attributed to the superior design 
and stronger materials used. In comparison, the other shelter project uses lighter materials. 
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How effective is the assistance in terms of input versus output? 
The stakeholders generally agree that the houses that were repaired or constructed are sulit or of high 
quality. The labourers and contractors agree that the houses are stronger and better because of the
good lumber used, thicker galvanized iron sheets, and thicker and wider plywood. They said that this 
was proven when Typhoon Hagupit or Typhoon Ruby hit the area on December 6, 2014. Typhoon Ruby 
was the second most intense tropical cycle last year. The stakeholders said that the repaired or 
constructed houses under the Plan intervention were neither destroyed nor damaged compared to 
shelters constructed by other organizations. In addition, Plan provided paints for their houses.
On the solar lamps, the stakeholders agree that this assistance is very helpful to the community. The 
children said that the solar lamps made them feel safe and secure when walking during night time. This 
also made them feel proud of their barangay since during brownouts, their pathways are still lighted.
On the availability of potable water, the stakeholders agree that access to the tap water is convenient. 
The children said that the travel time for fetching water is reduced by more than fifty percent.
On the improved drainage systems and canals, the stakeholders agree that it reduced the occurrence of 
dengue and related accidents due to flooding. At one child said that before the drainage system was 
fixed, he got sick with dengue twice. After it was fixed, he has not experienced the disease. In addition, 
the stakeholders said that the new drainage system reduced foul smell and minimized flooding in the 
area.
On child protection, the children could easily explain the different rights of the child. They said that with 
the Barangay Child Protection Center (BCPC), incidence of bullying has been reduced unlike in the past.
The children, however, claimed that they have not heard of any bullying incident in the past year. They 
said that before the Plan intervention, cases of bullying were handled through blotters.
On sanitation, the children demonstrated proper hand washing. They explained the importance of 
proper hygiene and having potable water that is not contaminated by septic tanks and other pollutants.
Overall, the children felt confident that they could teach other children in other barangays on what they 
have learned under the four components of Plan’s intervention if given an opportunity.
What are the project implementation approaches?
Plan engaged the community by training community members as laborers and plumbers. This leads to 
increased involvement of, and ownership by, the community members on the project. According to the 
stakeholders, they earn income from the intervention, they were given an opportunity to work, they 
were provided with appropriate skills, provided new or better houses with safe water connections and 
rental support for the next five years.
The training for laborers focused on the scientific way of constructing shelters based on plans, proper 
measurement, and proper used of construction equipment. The laborers cited the proper way of sawing 
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that is not physically exhausting and would not destroy the saw. They also learned about the 5S 
technique.
To determine the needs of the individual beneficiaries, Plan conducted individual house assessment. 
This approach enabled the Plan staff to innovate, given the requirements and conditions of the 
beneficiaries. This approach was confirmed by the women stakeholders who said that the Plan staff 
regularly conducted meetings and house-to-house visits to interact with the beneficiaries.
On the lots where the houses are located, Plan entered into agreements with the lot owners in terms of 
the continued rental of the lots by the beneficiaries. Plan provided rental assistance for five years for 
each of the beneficiaries. Some lot owners have agreed that the rent would form part of the rent-to￾own scheme. The other lot owners agree that the beneficiaries will continue the payment after the five 
years period.
Although it is not part of the Plan intervention target, the assistance in terms of urban gardening was 
highly appreciated by all the stakeholders. This approach provided an opportunity to the residents to 
have access to vegetables and practice composting, which is a key component of ecological and 
integrated solid waste management as required under the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 
RA No. 9003.
Plan also organized the homeowners associations, which can be a mechanism to sustain the activities of 
the Plan intervention. According to the recipients of houses or repair kits, the associations help in 
promoting bayanihan among the residents, including the maintenance of sanitation in their 
surroundings and the conduct of fire, earthquake, tsunami drills and typhoon drills.
Are these approaches practical and cost effective?
The stakeholders generally agree that the approaches of Plan transformed their lives, made them 
recover from disaster faster, and made them less afraid of future disasters. On the part of the children 
and the members of CERT, they expressed confidence that they could share what they have gained to 
other barangays in case they are given the opportunity.
What are the most significant lessons learned from this project?
On working with children and the communities, the stakeholders affirmed the Plan staff for being 
friendly and approachable, as well as for showing genuine concern to the beneficiaries. The house to 
house assessment, regular community assemblies, appropriate training and seminars, as well as the 
establishment of informal groups such as the Junior Hygiene Promoters, Homeowners Associations, 
CERT, NIT, etc. contributed to the success of the intervention.
On tacking exclusion and gender inequality, the Plan intervention showcased how men and women can 
perform the same functions with the same quality of outputs, such as laborers, contractors, and 
members of the community organizations.
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On engaging with Civil Society, Plan’s active participation in the WASH, risk management, protection and 
shelter clusters, as well as tapping existing associations like the youth organization in the barangays, 
helped Plan in learning more about the community and in getting support from the residents 
themselves. These engagement mechanisms plus the inter-agency group led by Plan fostered strong 
collaboration and feedbacking from Plan, other INGOs and the City Government of Tacloban.
The officers of the interviewed homeowners’ associations identified the following lessons that they have 
learned from the intervention:
• Communication dissemination
• Training on leadership
• Training on DRR
• Team building
• Openness among the members
• Savings due to bayanihan savings replication program (BSRP) every week
• Disaster preparedness (they now have boxes containing containers of documents or things that 
are to be prepared during calamity) 
• Early warning system that made them more resilient and ready versus man-made and natural 
calamity.
• Urban gardening
• Livelihood to NIT and contractors, carpenters, plumbers.
On influencing government, Plan was able to improve local governance by providing assistance on child 
protection, disaster risk reduction, solid waste management, hygiene and sanitation, and shelter 
support. It has also improved local accountability by encouraging the residents to voice out their 
concerns and demand more from their local officials. In terms of sustainability, the barangays are in a 
better position now to continue the activities that they began together with Plan, such as activities for 
disaster preparedness and in promoting cleanliness in the community. A Hand-Over Plan and Agreement 
with the City and Barangay level LGUs also formalizes the commitment of both partners to continue 
what the project initiated.- Faced with many Informal Settler Families, it is unavoidable to have 
challenges with the government. This includes encountering challenges with the National Housing 
Authority (NHA)- managed land and the hesitation to allow Plan to install faucets and solar lamps in
their property. Despite this, organizing informal settler families into home owners associations, such as 
those that lived in the NHA property into Sagkahan Urban Poor Homeowners Association, helped the 
government to communicate and negotiate with the said families and achieve consensus and possible 
solutions to the tenure issues. 
On strengthening accountability, the project implementation approaches of Plan made it easy for the 
residents to voice out their concerns, give suggestions, and communicate issues and concerns. When it 
comes to managing conflicts that are beyond Plan’s control, the project’s approach encourages the 
community to settle political differences and personal issues in a participatory and inclusive manner. 
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Such is the case of the conflict between a barangay official and a person with disability beneficiary, Plan 
was able to engage both parties in order to arrive at an amenable resolution. Assessment on the Status 
of Target Beneficiaries (Baseline survey versus endline survey)
A baseline survey was conducted at the start of the project to determine the status of the target 
beneficiaries in terms of housing and settlement, livelihood, WASH and child protection. Two months 
before the end of the project, an endline survey was again conducted to determine if there have been 
changes in the status of the target beneficiaries. To ensure integrity of the data, the endline study used 
purposive data gathering methods. The same respondents were interviewed during the baseline and the 
endline surveys. In case the original respondents could not be located, proxy respondents (closest 
neighbours of the original respondents) were interviewed. Proxy respondents accounts for less than 
10% of the total number of respondents. There were 1,151 respondents reached during the baseline 
survey and 1,174 respondents reached during the endline survey. 
Below are the comparative results of the baseline and endline studies:
a. Income and Employment Status
There is a significant movement in the number of households who belong to the Php 3,000.00 and 
below and the Php 3,000.00-5,000.00 income bracket. The number of households earning Php 3,000.00 
and below decreased from 35.5% to 30% while the number of households in the Php 3,000-5,000 
increased from 24.2% to 34% (see Table 1 and table 1-A). The percentage of employment also increased 
from 44.7% to 63% (see table 2 and table 2-A). Given the income bracket, we can safety say that the 
changes in the income can be attributed to the number of minimum wage earners. This movement may 
have been triggered by the fact that many of the people in the community were employed as plumbers 
and as construction workers of Plan’s settlement program. Based on public records, prevalent minimum 
wage in the area is Php 260/day. 
Table 1. Income Bracket of Households (Baseline)
Barangay P3,000 
and 
below 3-5K 5-6K 6-8K 8-10K
10-
12K 
12-
14K 
14-
16k 
16-
18K 
18-
20K 
20-
25K 
Brgy. 62 82 76 49 17 11 9 0 4 3 4 3
Brgy. 62A 307 190 133 58 59 38 13 6 6 16 13
Total 389 266 182 75 70 47 13 10 9 20 16
Percentage 35.5% 24.2% 16.6% 6.8% 6.4% 4.3% 1.2% 0.9% 0.8% 1.8% 1.5%
Table 1-A. Income Bracket of Households (Endline)
Barangay P3,000 and 
below 3-5K 5-6K 6-8K 8-10K
10-12K 12-
14K
14-
16k
16-
18K
18-
20K
20-
25K
Brgy. 62 68 85 50 26 18 10 3 3 2 5 2
Page 52 of 70
Brgy. 62A 252 279 128 54 32 34 7 10 2 8 8
Total 320 364 178 80 50 44 10 13 4 13 10
Percentage 30% 34% 17% 7% 5% 4% 1% 1% 0.4% 1% 1%
Table 2. Employment Status
Barangay
Employable age
(18-65 yrs. old) Employed Unemployed
Retired
(with 
pension)
Brgy. 62 753 291 275 1
Brgy. 62A 2,592 1,204 909 14
Total 3,345 1495 1184 15
Percentage 44.7% 35.4% 0.4%
 
Table 2-A. Employment Status
Barangay
Employable age
(18-65 yrs. old) Employed Unemployed
Retired
(with 
pension)
Brgy. 62 797 334 221 1
Brgy. 62A 2,205 1,552 659 4
Total 3,002 1,886 880 5
Percentage 63% 29% 0.2%
A. WASH Assessment
a. Water Source
Survey reach was 1,151 during the baseline and 1,074 during the endline. Comparative results show that 
there is an increase in the number of households having level 3 water connection from the local water 
district. From 46% during the baseline survey, the percentage increased to 48% (See table 3 and table 3-
A). According to the barangay council, the reach of distribution pipes of the local water district is limited. 
The Barangay Councils of Barangay 62 and 62A said that it already requested the City Government for 
assistance to install secondary distribution pipes so that more households can have level 3 water 
connections. The limited reach of the distribution pipes lead to the increase in the number of 
households that opted to share water through the communal tap stands or level 2 water connection.
Note that from 38%during the baseline survey, the percentage increased to 51% during the endline 
survey (see table 3 and table 3-A).
Table 3. Household Water Source (Baseline)
Page 53 of 70
Barangay
HH Connection from 
water district1
 
Household sourcing 
water from 
Communal Faucet2
Household sourcing 
water from Shallow 
Well3
 
Brgy. 62 144 109 69
Brgy. 62A 380 334 262
Total 524 443 331
Percentage 46% 38% 29%
Table 3-A. Household Water Source (Endline)
Barangay
HH Connection from 
water district4
Household sourcing 
water from 
Communal Faucet5
Household 
sourcing water 
from Shallow 
Well6
Brgy. 62 152 132 126
Brgy. 62A 368 417 346
Total 520 549 472
Percentage 48% 51% 44%
b. Toilets
Based on the total number of respondents (1,074), as of July 2015, 95% of the respondents already have 
fully functional toilets. From 46.1%, only 24% of these fully functional toilets still need repairs (see Table 
4 and table 4A).
Table 4. Status of Toilets (Baseline)
 
1 A total of 1,151 respondents were reached during the baseline survey 
2 ibid
3 ibid
4 A total of 1,074 respondents were reached during the endline survey
5 ibid
6 ibid
Page 54 of 70
Brgy
With 
toilet
Damaged 
but 
functional
Others 
(currently 
under 
repair)
Clogged/
None 
functional
No own 
toilet/using 
neighbour’s 
toilet/public toilet
Open 
defecation
Brgy. 62 201 102 0 0 43 2
Brgy. 62A 680 429 3 11 127 0
Total 881 531 3 11 170 2
Percentage 76.5% 46.1% 0.3% 1.0% 14.8% 0.2%
Table 4A. Status of Toilets (Endline)
Brgy With fully 
functional 
toilet
Damaged 
but 
functional
Others 
(currently 
under 
repair)
Clogged/
Non￾functional
No own 
toilet/using 
neighbour’s 
toilet/public 
toilet
Open 
defecation
Brgy. 62 244 77 0 0 0
Brgy. 62A 779 176 11 20 0 0
Total 1023 253 11 20 0 0
Percentage 95% 24% 1% 2% 0% 0%
c. Waste Water Disposal
Waste water disposal are done by direct disposal to the soil, through canal or through the household 
sewerage system connected to the house septic tank. Based on the total number of respondents 
(1,074), as of July 2015, the number of households using the service canals to dispose of their 
wastewater increased from 70% during the baseline survey to 84% during the endline survey (see table 
5 and table 5-A).
Table 5. Waste Water Disposal (Baseline)
Brgy Directly to the 
soil Canal
Others (household 
sewerage system)
Brgy 62 24 170 67
Brgy 62A 168 636 86
Page 55 of 70
Total 192 806 153
Percentage 17% 70% 13%
Table 5-A. Waste Water Disposal (Endline)
Brgy
Directly to the 
soil Canal
Others 
(household 
sewerage 
system)
7
Brgy 62 37 201 22
Brgy 62A 83 699 36
Total 120 900 58
Percentage 11% 84% 5%
Most of the service canals in the project site are now free flowing. During the baseline survey, 18% of 
the canals were clogged and 21% of the resident did not have access to these service canals (see table 6 
and table 6-A). As of July 2015, 88% of the canals are now free flowing and none of the respondents said 
that they do not have access to these service canals. 
Table 6. Status of Canal (Baseline)
Brgy Clogged canal Need additional canal
Brgy 62 22 65
Brgy 62A 190 171
Total 212 236
Percentage 18% 21%
Table 6-A. Status of Canal (Endline)
Brgy Free flowing 
canal
Clogged 
Canal
Brgy 62 234 19
Brgy 62A 714 62
Total 948 81
Percentage 88% 8%
d. Garbage Collection
 
7 Households with own septic tanks for waste water 
Page 56 of 70
As of July 2015, 99% of the respondents said that their garbage is now being collected by the city 
garbage truck on a daily basis. This is a big change from 84% during the baseline to 99% during the 
endline (see tables 7, 7-A). On the other hand, there is a decrease in the number of households that 
segregate their garbage before disposal. Note that from 64% during the baseline, the number of those 
who segregate their garbage decreased to 61%. (see tables 9 and 9A). 
Table 7. Garbage Disposal (Baseline)
Brgy
Garbage 
truck Compost Burning Canal Vacant lot
Others (employ 
others to throw 
garbage)
Brgy 62 238 3 4 0 6 1
Brgy 62A 725 63 78 1 44 18
Total 963 66 82 1 50 19
Percentage 84% 6% 7% 0% 4% 2%
Table 7-A. Garbage Disposal (Endline)
Brgy
Garbage 
truck Compost Burning Canal Vacant lot
Others (employ 
others to throw 
garbage)
Brgy 62 261 3 5 0 4 1
Brgy 62A 802 12 43 3 3 2
Total 1063 15 48 3 7 3
Percentage 99% 1% 4% 0% 1% 0%
Table 8. Frequency of Garbage Collection (Baseline)
Brgy Garbage truck 
daily collection
Every other 
day/weekly None
Brgy 62 187 48 3
Brgy 62A 86 617 119
Total 273 665 124
Percentage 24% 58% 11%
Table 9. Garbage Segregation (Baseline)
Brgy Garbage 
segregation
No 
segregation
Others
Brgy 62 161 78 22
Brgy 62A 573 275 39
Page 57 of 70
Total 734 353 61
Percentage 64% 31% 5%
Table 9-A. Garbage Segregation (Endline)
Brgy Garbage 
segregation
No 
segregation
Others
Brgy 62 172 90
Brgy 62A 486 329
Total 658 419
Percentage 61% 39%
e. Hand Washing
As of July 2015, 97% of the respondents said that they have hand washing areas at home (see table 10-
A). Note that during the baseline survey, only 78% of the respondents said that they have hand washing 
areas at home (see table 10). 
Table 10. Hand washing Area (Baseline)
Brgy
With Hand 
washing Area
No Hand washing 
area
Using basins/water 
dippers (tabo) 
outdoors for hand 
washing8
Brgy 62 192 53 9
Brgy 62A 702 153 39
Total 894 206 48
Percentage 78% 18% 4%
Table 10-A. Hand washing Area (Endline)
 
8 During the baseline survey, some respondents said that they wash their hands in basins or water dippers (tabo) 
outside the house because they did have kitchen or comfort room 
Page 58 of 70
Brgy With Hand washing 
Area No Hand washing area9
Brgy 62 250 17
Brgy 62A 792 29
Total 1042 46
Percentage 97% 3%
B. DRRM Information
Local residents’ knowledge on the DRRM program of their respective barangays was assessed through 
focused questions during the FGDs, KIIs and household survey. Based on the results of the survey, 
awareness level on the DRRM programs of the barangay increased from 83.4% to 97% (see tables 11 
and 11-A). There is also a sharp increase in the level of awareness on the types of DRRM programs 
implemented by the barangay (see table 12 to 12A). Most of the respondents are now aware of the 
information dissemination systems being used by their barangays as part of its DRRM program (see 
tables 13-13A). Data also shows that 100% of the respondents now know what to do and where to go 
during emergencies (see tables 14, 14A, 15 and 15A). 
Table 11. Has Knowledge on the DRRM Program of their Barangay (Baseline)
Brgy Yes No Others
Brgy 62 217 42 2
Brgy 62A 740 114 33
Total 957 156 35
Percentage 83.4% 13.6% 3.0%
Table 11-A. Has Knowledge on the DRRM Program of their Barangay (Endline)
Brgy Yes No Others
Brgy 62 244 22
Brgy 62A 803 11
Total 1047 33
Percentage 97% 3%
Table 12. Known Types of DRRM Programs Implemented by the Brgy. (Baseline)
 
9 This is in response to a direct question of “Do you have a hand washing area in your house? If yes, where is it 
located?”
Page 59 of 70
Brgy Provision of 
regular weather 
update IEC/seminars Drills
Public alarm 
system
Brgy 62 188 18 11 58
Brgy 62A 716 115 97 183
Total 904 133 108 241
79% 12% 9% 21%
Table 12-A. Known Types of DRRM Programs Implemented by the Brgy. (Endline)
Brgy Provision of 
regular weather 
update IEC/seminars Drills
Public alarm 
system
Brgy 62 236 114 112 151
Brgy 62A 771 512 537 456
Total 1007 626 649 607
94% 58% 60% 57%
Table 13. Types of Information System Known (Baseline)
Brgy
Community 
meetings
Public 
address
Text
messaging 
(SMS)
Brgy 62 40 161 44
Brgy 62A 257 597 150
Total 297 758 194
Percentage 26% 66% 17%
Table 13-A. Types of Information System Known (Endline)
Brgy
Community 
meetings
Public 
address
Text 
messaging 
(SMS)
Brgy 62 175 206 51
Brgy 62A 740 765 261
Total 915 971 312
Percentage 85% 90% 29%
Page 60 of 70
Table 14. Respondents know/do not know what to do during emergencies (Baseline)
Brgy Know what to 
do
Do not know 
what to do
Others
Brgy 62 251 6 4
Brgy 62A 856 15 16
Total 1,107 21 20
Percentage 96% 2% 2%
Table 14-A. Respondents know/do not know what to do during emergencies (Endline)
Brgy
Know what to 
do
Do not 
know what 
to do
Others
Brgy 62 267 2
Brgy 62A 805 0
Total 1072 2
Percentage 100% 0%
Table 15. Respondents know/do not know the location of evacuation centers (Baseline)
Brgy Yes No
Brgy 62 260 1
Brgy 62A 851 6
Total 1,111 7
Percentage 99% 1%
Table 15-A. Respondents know/do not know the location of evacuation centers (Endline)
Brgy Yes No
Brgy 62 269 0
Brgy 62A 803 2
Total 1072 2
Percentage 100% 0%
Page 61 of 70
X. Success Stories
The Lady is a Carpenter – the Story of Jona Cortez
Mrs. Jona Cortez is 33 year old, married and residing in Barangay 62A. She has two children with her 
husband. But his husband has three children with his previous wife. All in all, they are seven in the 
family. His husband works as a driver mechanic, plying the San Jose to downtown route with a jeepney. 
Before Yolanda came, Jona supported his husband by selling Yakult or viands. At most, the family 
income per day would reach P300. But that does not happen often. In fact, their old house was only 
8x12 meters. They used to stay in that house during typhoons. When Yolanda came, the family 
remained in that house. At least before the floods totally destroyed their house. In the middle of the 
storm, the family managed to stay away from the flying debris by swimming in narrow strips near walls, 
with the young children hoisted on a foam bed. Eventually they reached the big house of a neighbour 
who graciously extended help.
After the calamity, Plan International asked for labourers who are willing to be trained and be tapped as 
house builders. She did not hesitate to say yes to the call. She was confident she could do it because she 
used to help her father, a carpenter, since she was a child. She completed the training program, earned 
a TESDA certificate, and became a labourer and contractor. During the interview, she said she earned 
PHP260 per day as member of the NIT, PHP1,500 per month as barangay health worker, plus ten 
percent of the contract price as contractor. Sometime she shares her percent share with the labourers. 
She is also proud her new house, which is bigger at two stories, stronger and safer with good lumber, 
and with a room, faucet, kitchen and comfort room. She also received rental assistance from Plan for 
the next five years.
Before, their house was smaller and weaker compared to what they have now. They have no access to 
safe water. They have no separate room for their children or for her and her husband. Each time the 
hazards would come, they just stayed at home hoping that everything will just be fine. And most of the 
time, the family income is not enough to support the needs of a big family.
Although a woman, Jona was confident she could compete with the men as a labourer and as a 
contractor given her experience as apprentice to her father. She persevered and completed the training 
program despite the fact that there were many trainees who did not continue because the job is tough. 
She said that her commitment to help, given the inspiration from Plan, helped her in giving back to her 
community. Her good performance also gave her additional functions, such as being a member of the 
Neighborhood Improvement Team (NIT) and as a barangay health worker.
Jona realized that there is a scientific or proper way of building houses. Unlike before, she was not 
aware of the need to have good lumber, proper measurement, correct balancing, and the right way of 
working as a carpenter. Now, she is a proud owner of a strong house that she built using the techniques 
that she learned from Plan. Her training on EWS and DRR also made her less afraid of the hazard 
because she is now prepared.
Jona hopes to continue practicing her new profession, including being tapped as labourer-contractor in 
other barangays.
Page 62 of 70
From a Beauty Salon Worker into a Plumber and a Carpenter- the Story of Melania Cortezo
When asked how 47 year old mother of five (5) who once worked in a beauty salon became a plumber
and a carpenter, Melania Cortezo could only smile shyly and say, “I did what I had to do to make sure 
that my family survives”. Melania and her family lost their homes and their belongings when typhoon 
Haiyan pummelled the city of Tacloban. Her home was a one-room makeshift house that provided little 
protection her family. She recalled how she and her family survived by wading and swimming through 
flood waters to reach their neighbours’ concrete house. Thanks to the help of her neighbours, all the 
family members survived the onslaught of the super typhoon.
Surviving the flood was one thing, surviving the brutal aftermath of the storm is another thing. With all 
their home and belongings gone, Melania and her family did not have much to eat or drink days after 
the hurricane. Still, she was thankful that her family made it through. According to her, being alive is a 
gift from God. Many of her relatives, neighbours and friends died during the hurricane and a good 
number of them remained missing. 
For one month and a half, Melania and her family lived in a tent made of recycle tarpaulin. Swarms of 
mosquitoes would invade them at night. Rats and cockroaches would scurry around their makeshift 
beds and keep their awake long into the night. It was during one of these long miserably sleepless nights 
that Melania vowed that her family would have a home on Christmas10. What does a woman who used 
to work as utility personnel in a beauty salon know about house construction? According to Melania, “Di 
ko po talaga alam kung papano gumawa ng bahay ang alam ko lang, ayaw ko talagang mag Pasko ang 
mga bata sa tent na maraming lamok at daga.” (I really don’t know how to build a house. All I know is 
that I don’t want my kids to spend Christmas in a tent that is infested with mosquitoes and rats.) 
The next day, she and her family started gathering whatever useful building materials they can find 
among the rubbles. With the help of her husband and older kids, Melania was able to provide her family 
with a makeshift one room house in time for Christmas. Melania felt so proud of her achievement. She 
beamed with pride saying, “Marunong naman pala akong gumawa ng bahay.” (I know how to build a 
house.)
When Plan International started recruiting workers for the construction of houses in Barangay 62, 
Melania volunteer to be trained as a plumber and a carpenter. She needed money to send her kids back 
to school so she figured out that since she already had some experience in construction, she might as 
well pursue this line of work. Besides, there was little work opportunity outside of the construction work 
so working as a plumber and a carpenter was a good option.
 
10 Super typhoon Haiyan happed on November 8 or 46 days before Christmas. 
Page 63 of 70
There were three (3) women who volunteered to be trained as plumbers and all of them finished the 
course and were employed as part of the construction team. Melania became the only female in a 
construction team of seven (7). She did the pipe installations in 5 full-houses. She also installed and 
repaired the plumbing system of a number of houses in Barangays 62 and 62A. 
Mark Pacampana, the team leader of Melania’s team, has nothing but praises for the lady carpenter and 
plumber. The rest of the team also express great respect for Melania. According to them, she never 
asked for any special treatment. She was never late for work and always made it a point to go extra 
miles in her work. Melania was very dependable that Mark appointed her as his second in command. He 
relied on her to guide the team in his absence. 
Melania is very proud of her new profession. She said that she is forever grateful to Plan International 
for giving her the chance to prove herself. She hopes to continue working as a plumber in the years to 
come. 
A Home after the Storm – A single Mother’s Post Haiyan Journey
Life is a series of struggles and triumphs for 33 year old Rosemarie Palencia, single mother of three (3) 
children. Typhoon Haiyan took all material things her family had. She and her 3 children (ages 12, 7 and 
3) survived the hurricane and the storm surge by clinging on the spiral staircase of their neighbour’s 
house. Rosemaria recalled that “Wala man mi ingna nga pabakwiton mao nga didto ra mi sa balay. 
Pero lain na akong gibati sa kahimtang sa panahon maong nag andam ko ug mga sinina sa mga bata ug 
pagkaon. Akong gisulod sa plastic. Dihang ming sugod ug taas ang tubig, akong gipakapyot sa akong 
likod tagsa-tagsa ang mga bata unya akong gilangoy padulong sa kongkretong balay sa among silingan. 
Katapusan nakong balik, taas na jud ang tubig ug kusog na ang sog maong nanongtong mi sa spiral 
staircase. Akong giingnan ang mga bata nga gakos mo sa haligi sa hagdan. Ayaw pamuhi maski unsay 
mahitabo. Kalo-oy sa Diyos nakasugakod mi sa dagkong balod. Buhi ming tanan.” (We were not told to 
evacuate so we stayed at home. But I had a bad feeling about the weather so I packed some clothes and 
some food for the kids inside a plastic bag. When the water started to rise, I piggybacked the kids and 
swam them one by one to the concrete house of our neighbour. On my last trip, the water was already 
very high and the current was very strong. I told the kids to go up to the spiral staircase of our 
neighbour’s house, hang-on to the post and never let go. By God’s mercy, we survived the onslaught of 
the waves.)
When the storm finally let-up, Rosemarie and her family learned that other than the few pieces of 
clothes and food that they have inside the plastic bag, they have nothing left. Their small house was 
levelled to the group. Only the concrete flooring was left of what used to be their home. 
For days, Rosemarie and her kids lived in a crowded tent shared by several families. Humanitarian 
agencies provided them meals, dry clothes and blankets. Her father who also survived the hurricane 
helped her take care of the kids. Two weeks after the hurricane, Rosemarie and her father received 
materials to build their own tents. With the help of relatives and friends, Rosemarie and her father were 
Page 64 of 70
able to set-up their tent home made of recycle tarpaulin, wood and ropes. This place became their 
home for several months. 
Life in the tent was very hard according to Rosemarie. The tent offer little protection from poor weather 
conditions that her 3 year old daughter developed asthma. Her two other children also suffered from 
series of coughs and colds. All three children suffered from skin diseases due to insect bites and dirty 
surroundings. Rosemarie explained that “Wala man goy sawog ang tent. Deretso sa yuta mao nga kung 
mag-ulan, pirting lapoka pod sa sulod sa tent.” (The tent did not have flooring. Rain water often comes 
inside the tent so the place is often muddy.)
When Plan International conducted vulnerability assessment in Barangay 62, Rosemarie and her family 
ranked among the most vulnerable families. “Nalipay kayo ko pag ingon pa sa taga Plan nga priority 
kuno mi nga hatagan ug balay.” (I was so happy when the staff of Plan told me that my family was given 
priority for housing assistance.) Because Plan is concerned about the well-being of the children, 
Rosemarie and her family was hosted in one of the concrete houses that survived the storm surge. The 
hosting program of Plan provides a safe place to stay for vulnerable families while their new home is 
under construction. Plan paid for the monthly rental and provided financial assistance to Rosemarie and 
her father. 
After living in the tent for almost a year, Rosemarie and her kids finally had a decent roof over their 
head and comfortable beds. Two months after they were hosted, Rosemarie and her family transferred 
to their new home. With her family safe in their new home, Rosemarie now feel comfortable leaving her 
kids at home to look for work. “Walay kabutangan sa akong kalipay pagkakita nako sa among bag-o nga 
balay. Salamat kayo sa Plan. Makatulog na ug tarong ang mga bata ug wala mag sigi ug hubak ang akong 
kamanghuran. Nakabalik na pod ug eskwela ang mga bata.” (I cannot contain my happiness when I saw 
out new home. I am very thankful to Plan. My children can now sleep soundly and my youngest child no 
longer suffers from asthma attacks. The kids are now going back to school.) 
Page 65 of 70
Caring for the Carer – A Barangay Tanod’s Story
A Barangay Tanod since the 1980’s, 58 year Dominador Aclado is accustomed to taking care of other 
people. At the height of the hurricane, he ushered people to safety, risking his own life to serve others. 
“Kahit malakas na ang hangin at tumataas na ang tubig, nag-ikot pa kami. Yung iba kasi ayaw talaga 
lumikas kay sapilitan na naming nilikas,” he narrated. (Despite the strong winds and rising flood water, 
we were still going around the community. Some people still did not want to evacuate and we had to 
force them to leave.) 
Like most of his neighbours, Dominador lost his house and all material belongings during the hurricane. 
With the help of the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) and the Barangay Local 
Government Unit, Dominador and his family was able to build a tent where his house used to stand. 
Nine family members lived in the small tent, including his one (1) year old grandson. They did not have 
any comfort room or running water. Often times, they have to go to the barangay center or other places 
just to use the toilet. 
Life inside the tent was very hard and the family could hardly sleep at night. Fearing the safety of his 
family and the people living in the tents nearby, Dominador, together with his fellow Barangay Tanods, 
patrol the area armed with flashlights from 8pm to 4am 7 days a week. Note that Tacloban City did not 
have electricity for months so it was very important for the Tanods to continuously patrol the streets at 
night to discourage criminals from taking advantage of the situation. While he was out on patrol, her 
worry about the safety of his family that is sleeping inside an unsecure tent. 
Despite his calm and collected appearance, Dominador often worried about his family. His one (1) year 
old grandson could hardly sleep at night inside the crowded tent. He cannot afford to build another 
house because he did not have enough money. He did not even own the land where his house used to 
stand. “Akala ko din a talaga kami uli makapagtayo ng bahay. Laking pasalamat ko nung malaman ko na 
may pabahay ang Plan. Ang saya-saya ng pamilya ko nung sinabi ng staff ng Plan na kasama kami sa
housing beneficiaries,” Dominador narrated. (I thought that we would never be able to rebuild our 
house. I was very thankful when I learned that Plan has housing assistance. My family was very happy 
when the staff from Plan told us that we were chosen to be one of the housing beneficiaries.)
Last June 2015, Dominador and his family transferred to their new home located in a lot rented by Plan. 
The initial rent agreement was good for 5 years. The homeowner has the option to continue renting or 
buy the land after 5 years. To strengthen the community of new homeowners, Plan organized a 
homeowners’ association. This association is responsible for collecting lot rentals from members. 
“Ang laki ng pasalamat namin sa Plan. Ngayon, may sarili na kaming bahay na may tulogan, may sala, 
kitchen, may CR at may water connection. Ngayon maayos na ang tulog ng pamilya ko.” (Thank you very 
much to Plan. Now we have our own house complete with a bedroom, sala, kitchen, CR and water 
connection. Now my family can sleep soundly.)
Page 66 of 70
Junior Community Health Ambassadors – Teaching Kids to Stay Health 
Shania Tan, Kim Jabagat, Ralph Laurenz Docil, Benjamin Bernido, Jr., Jasmin Villegas and Bryan Kier 
Gaymara are ordinary kids who are around the age of 10-15 years old. Like most kinds of their age, they 
love to watch tv, play games and just hang-out talk and listen to music. Yet, tough times gave these kids 
higher purpose in life. According to Shania, “Nung mag bagyo, takot na takot kami. Di naming alam kung 
ano ang gagawin. Pagtapos ng bagyo, ang hirap ng buhay. Kulang kami sa pagkain at tubig. Walang ilaw. 
Maraming mga tao nakatira sa tents and maparumi ng paligid. Maraming bata nagkasakit.” (During the 
typhoon, we were so scarred. We did not know what to do. After the typhoon, life was so difficult. We 
did not have enough food and water. We had no electricity. Many people lived in tents and our 
surroundings were so dirty. Many children got sick.) “Nasira yung school naming kaya more than 2 
months din kami di nakapasok,” Ralph recalled. (Our school was badly damaged and it took more than 2 
months before we were able to go back to school.) 
When Plan International visited the school where the Shania, Kim, Ralph, Benjamin, Jasmin and Bryan 
were studying and introduced its program on hygiene and sanitation junior promoters, the children 
expressed their willingness to help teach other kids. The junior promoters’ program focuses on peer to 
peer education to reach its target clients. Note that children are more comfortable with their peers so 
modelling certain practices is easier. 
“Nag volunteer kami para maging junior promoter kasi gusto naming makatulong sa kapwa ko mga bata 
para di sila magkasakit,” Benjamin and Jasmine said. (We volunteered to be junior promoters because 
her want to help other children learn how to stay healthy.) Aside from Shania, Kim, Ralph, Benjamin, 
Jasmin and Bryan, many other kids volunteered for the junior promoters’ program. To equip the kids to 
impart lessons on hygiene and sanitation, disaster preparedness and others, Plan conducted trainings 
and orientation for children. Since these children were minors, Plan required signed consent from 
parents before they allowed the children to participate. 
“Masaya po maging junior promoter. Dinadaan kasi naming sa laro, kanta at sayaw ang pagtuturo kung 
paano maghugas ng kamay at mag ayos ng bahay. Di naman po nakakaabala sa amin kasi weekends and 
free time lang kami nag promote ng WASH,” Shania said. (It is fun to be a junior promoter. We teach the 
kids how to wash their hands and clean their homes through games, songs and dances. We conduct 
WASH promotion on weekends and free time so our regular activities are not affected.) “Yung sayaw po 
3 minutes lang ang madaling sundan. Kahit yung mga malilit na bata na 3 years old kayang gawin,” Kim 
added. (The dance is only 3 minutes and the steps are very easy to follow. Even 3 year old kids can 
follow the dance steps.) 
Aside from teaching kids about health and sanitation, the junior promoters also promote backyard 
gardening. “Sinimulan po naming magtanim ng mga gulay sa mga recycled na plastic bottles. Nung 
nakita po nila na pwede palang magtanim ng pechay sa plastic bottle ng coke, marami na ring 
nagtanim,” Bryan shared. (We started planting vegetables in recycled plastic bottles. When out 
neighbours saw that we can grow pechay in plastic bottles, many of them started planting too.)
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According to the children, being junior promoters gave them sense of purpose and accomplishment. 
They intend to continue to help the community by education children in the future.
XI. Conclusions 
In general, the project is well implemented and has accomplished what it set to do. Generally, the 
project also complied fully with Sphere minimum standards. All those who were interviewed agreed that 
the project contributed a lot to the improvement of the quality of life in the area. The following are the 
good practices of the project: 
1. The signing of MOU between Plan, Barangay 62 and 62A and the City Government of Tacloban outlining 
the roles and responsibilities of each signatory.
2. The use of vulnerability assessment criteria to come up with priority beneficiaries. The 
community was engaged as part of the vulnerability assessment team. Points were assigned to 
vulnerability indicators such families with very young children, people with advanced age, 
disabilities, very low income, totally damaged homes and others. This means of selecting 
beneficiaries helped ensure that the project is able to reach the most vulnerable families.
3. Construction of latrines, canals, septic tanks and rain water catchments. Records show that 
cases of dengue caused by mosquitoes drastically lowered after the canals were cleaned and 
covered. Note that stagnant water in the canal is a favourite breeding group of mosquitoes. 
Since all records at the Barangay Health Center were destroyed during the typhoon, we cannot 
get concrete numbers on the decrease in dengue cases. However, based on anecdotal 
information from the community states that before Typhoon Yolanda, the Barangays 62 and 62A 
usually have a combined record of around 5 cases of dengue but after Yolanda when the service 
canals were covered, only 1 dengue case was reported in the two barangays. 
4. Involvement of children in community activities as junior promoters who share knowledge on 
the four components of the intervention, including proper hand washing, promoting the rights 
of the child, disaster risk reduction, early warning system, etc. According to the parents, this 
program helped instil as sense of responsibility among the children.
5. Stakeholders were engaged not just as laborers and contractors, but also as part of the 
Community Emergency Response Team (CERT). As part of the CERT, they were trained on 
incident command system (ICS), cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), early warning system 
(EWS), monitoring of typhoons, water search and rescue (WASAR), evacuation protocol, 
sanitation, etc.
6. Women stakeholders, many of them are involved in the Neighborhood Improvement Team (NIT) 
through which they help in maintaining sanitation in the community, promoting backyard 
gardening, implementing and monitoring the program of Plan, and in other bayanihan activities. 
They also guided their children who are involved as Junior Hygiene Promoters.
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7. Plan trained the willing community members on carpentry and plumbing. These trainees were 
eventually certified by the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA). They 
were involved in the repair and the construction of houses. About 140 residents, 7 of them 
women, coming from Barangays 62 and 62-A were trained for about 15 days. During the 
training, they received a daily allowance of about P260 per day. They eventually became the 
laborers. Some of them became the contractors. Each contractor has about three to five 
workers under him or her. Some of the laborers and plumbers were women.
8. In terms of the use of timber for the construction and repair of houses, Plan coordinated with 
the Community/City Environment and Natural Resources Offices (CENRO) to determine the type 
of lumber that will be allowed in the area. According to the CENRO staff, the allowed timber is 
from Gmelina and Mahogany trees. Given this requirement, Plan included in its bidding 
requirement a certification from the supplier of timber that the materials come only from tree 
plantations.
9. In the area of disaster risk reduction (DRR), Plan coordinated with the with the City Disaster Risk 
Reduction and Management Office (CDRRMO) regarding the DRR- related activities lined up by 
Plan under its intervention. This was followed by a planning session wherein Plan and the 
CDRRMO identified agencies that will be the target participants of a disaster risk reduction and 
management capacity enhancement program. On the part of the CDRRMO, Plan requested the 
officer to discuss and facilitate the session on the Activation of the Barangay Disaster Risk 
Reduction and Management Council (BDRRMC), an institutional mechanism per barangay that is 
mandated under the DRRM Law.
10. The stakeholders generally agree that the houses that were repaired or constructed are sulit or 
of high quality. The laborers and contractors agree that the houses are stronger and better 
because of the good lumber used, thicker galvanized iron sheets, and thicker and wider 
plywood. They said that this was proven when Typhoon Hagupit or Typhoon Ruby hit the area 
in December 2014. Typhoon Ruby was the second most intense tropical cycle last year. The 
stakeholders said that the repaired or constructed houses under the Plan intervention were 
neither destroyed nor damaged compared to shelters constructed by other organizations. In 
addition, Plan provided paints for their houses.
11. The on-site relocation of 30 informal settler families within Barangay 62A and in one compound 
would enable them not to be displaced and /or relocated to an area far from their original 
abode and source of livelihood. They benefitted from total rebuild transitional shelters with 
WASH facilities, and rental assistance for 5 years which would also serve as their down payment 
for their individual lots under the rent-to-own scheme.
12. The conduct of a public handover ceremony, in this case, inside the Tacloban Astrodome, 
provided the opportunity for all beneficiaries to receive their individual Deed of Donation from 
Plan for their total rebuild transitional shelter with attached shelter guidelines. The presence of 
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the City Mayor, the Barangay Council of both 62 and 62A, the City Housing Office and the 
CDRRMO to publicly share their commitment to the beneficiaries for the sustainability of the 
project, with the media coverage from ABS-CBN Tacloban.
13. The adherence of Plan to the Shelter Cluster agreements on the utilization of the 8 build back 
safer key messages/techniques as agreed upon by all INGOs implementing shelter projects.
14. The organizing and training of the Homeowners’’ Associations in both Barangay 62 and 62A and 
linking them with the City Housing Office to make sure that the agreements between the 
beneficiaries and the landowners are safeguarded and adhered upon even if Plan is no longer in 
the area.
15. On the solar lamps, the stakeholders agree that this assistance is very helpful to the community. 
The children said that the solar lamps made them feel safe and secure when walking during 
night time. This also made feel proud of their barangay since during brownouts, their pathways 
are still lighted.
16. On the availability of potable water, the stakeholders agree that access to the tap water is 
convenient. The children said that the travel time for fetching water is reduced by more than 
fifty percent.
17. On the improved drainage systems and canals, the stakeholders agree that it reduced the 
occurrence of dengue and related accidents due to flooding. At one child said that before the 
drainage system was fixed, he got sick with dengue twice. After it was fixed, he has not 
experienced the disease. In addition, the stakeholders said that the new drainage system reduce 
foul smell and minimized flooding in the area.
18. On child protection, the children could easily explain the different rights of the child. They said 
that with the Barangay Child Protection Center (BCPC), incidence of bullying have not occurred 
unlike in the past. They said that before the Plan intervention, cases of bullying were handled 
through blotters.
19. On sanitation, the children demonstrated proper hand washing. They explained the importance 
of proper hygiene and having potable water that is not contaminated by septic tanks and other 
pollutants. Overall, the children felt confident that they could teach other children in other 
barangays on what they have learned under the four components of Plan’s intervention if given 
an opportunity.
However, there are some areas that have room for improvements. These are as follows:
1. Except for the target on the number of household septic system developed, repaired or 
rehabilitated which is 89% accomplished, the project has complied with the 10%+/- 
accomplishment of targets. While the variance is not high on this target, there is still room for 
improvements in this area. Note that this project can be continued through other projects, 
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through the assistance of the local government units and through the counterpart or equity of 
the community. A good area to look into even beyond the project life is the engagement of the 
NIT, the homeowners’ association and the Barangay Local Government Unit in the development 
of septic tanks in the area. The NIT and the homeowners’ association can lobby for support in 
terms of materials from the Barangay. The beneficiary can do the installation (labor equity).
2. The construction of the transitional shelters adhered to the agreed design during the cluster 
meetings spearheaded by OCHA and the DSWD. Based on the ocular inspection and evaluation 
of the structure of the transitional shelters, it can be concluded that these structures are safe for 
dwelling. However, Plan may further strengthen the structural designs by adopting some or all 
of the suggestions stated on page 43 of this report.